2o^^ THE

^ Saieeltlj) IHlustratetr journal

Horticulture and Allied Subjects.

VOL X.-NEW SERIES.

JULY TO DECEMBER, i.87cS.

LONDON:

41, WELLINGTON STEEET, COYENT GARDEN, W.C.

1878...... THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE ^stablisbctr 1841. A WEEKLY ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURE AND ALLIED SUBJECTS.

Price 5d. I Registered at the General J 14, li Post Office as a Newspaper. FREE, ^hf. No. 259.—Vol. X. {s^.'^ SATURDAY, DECEMBER [ \ PoST

CO NTENTS. tor Winter Bedding. URST AND SON have a small Consign- MAURICE YOUNG, Milford Nurseries, H ment of RAPHIA, of extra line quality. Price to the Abutilons, concerning . I Odontogloss 759 near Godalming, Surrey. See also p. 744. wiczii Books, nonces of . 754 6. Leadenhall Stri E.G. I Boscobel Oak, the 750 Orchids at I a Glorious Rose It Is. I What ' Orchids, ter Seeds for the Trade. Cactuses 758 See letter, November, 1878, from a gentleman of known taste, Callicarpa purpurea 760 ' Orniihogalu in ordering OOPER'S TRADE CATALOGUE will Capsicums H tain subjects of interest to the Trade, who are soli- I ROSE, is Osmundaregalisat NEW Chrysanthemum, what Cam THE ciied to withhold their orders until they have obtained a Copy. (Noble). 762 traddan QUEEN OF BEDDERS j HOOPER AND CO., Covent Garden. London. W.C. Good Plants are now supplied at i8j. per d'Ztn. Church decoration 747 Pampas-grass, the impeii.ilis CHARLES NOBLE, Bagshot. Stock?. Cypripedium Laurence- I Pawlonia To the Trade.- Strong Bedded Common Plum

the < 748 ! Pea, Crown CUTBUSH AND SON can supply a bigibbum Mummy.. CHRISTMAS ROSES. — Helleborus niger, WM. I few thousands of the above, price 355. per 1000, Sample and price on application fine , strong blooming plants. superbum 748 ! Pear tree, a old Highgate, London. N. : and Barnet Nurseries, Herts. Florists' flowers .. Pine-appleSf a questlf to THOS. KITLEV, Oldfield Nursery. Bath. 763 I

j about Folklore 761 Ornamental Trees and Shrubs, Fruit Trees, Roses, &o. O THE TRADE.—VEGETABLE,

I Plants, new garden Foreign correspondence 762 FLOWER and AGRICULTURAL SEEDS, of ste.ling Garden operations I portraits .. SEED and NURSERY 755 THE LAWSON quality only. Our own, and other carefully selected Novelties pulcherrima German view of English ; COMPANY (Limited), Edinburgh, respectfully request Aloans. of the season —SANDER andCO . Seed Growers, St. gardening 757 I Potato txhibiiing the attention of intending planters to their most extensive and

I ,, cxhibiiion. the Grape, Golden Queen . 760 superior stock of the above. LOy of the VaUey. Grapes, keeping .. 760 Pot Vines, bottom-heat f CATALOGUES on application. CUTBUSH AND SON can supply the Houses, curviUnear (with WM. true Berlin Lily of the Valley . which is vastly superior lor cut) 748 River scenery (with cut, standard Tea Roses. Early Forcing to the ordinary German or Dutch varieties. Single Japanese products at the Rogena gratissima AND SON have a splendid lot of fine crowns, 10^. per too gos. per 1000. Trade price on application. PAUL ; Paris Exhibition 758 I Scuticaria Steelii STANDARDS of .above, 3oi. per dozen. The best way Highgate Nurseries. London, N. alba Spathiphyllum i-. Lxlia anceps 756 ; Ma of growing these beautiful Roses. Law notes . The Old Nurseries. Cheshunt. OF THE VALLEY. — Strong Ligusirum sinense laii- Stonecrops, hardy LILY flowering crowns, 35J per icoo, cash. Apply to folium robustum (with Tiltandsia paucii'olia To the Trade. Trade memorandum SEEMANN AND OOEPEL, Nurserymen. Wandsbek, cut) offers the finest Standard Liverpool Chrysanthe- ENRY MAY Hamburgh. mum Show, the Villa garden, the. H ROSES, at 701. per 100. Intermediate Stock. HENRY MAY, The Hope Nurseries, Bedale, Yorkshire. East Lothian Niel Rose in Vme sport, the Culford . H MarL=chaI AND are glad to say Weather, .. . TMETHVEN SONS the Border counties .. the Roses—Eoses—Roses. • that the seed of the above has been saved this season M w rumbidgee, notes Weather i'. protection . INE DWARFS on MANETTI, in fine condition. White, scarlet, purple and white wall-leaved, in packets, is , 2s. 6d., and 5^. each. F all the leading varieties, 35^. per 100. WILLIAM IRELAND, Pilton Nurseries, Barnstaple. 15, Princes Street. Edinbutgh. IMPORTANT NOTICE TO ADVERTISERS Fit for Immediate Working. WELVE CAMELLIAS, full of buds, 2U., all sorts, MANETTI and R. MULTIFLORA beautiful plants, i to i',i foot high, finest in /;; coiisvqiu'iu'c of the Christmas liolidays, ROSA 5-inch pots. Also AZALEAS, finest sorts, full of buds, same DE LA GRIFFERAIE, 25s per 1000, £toper to.ooo. price. E.\tra sizes of both, remarkably fine. 30J 42^., and 60s. A. M. C. JONGKINDTCONINCK, Tottenham Nurseries, , the GARDENERS' CHRONICLE for per dozen. Packages gratis for cash with order. near ZwoUe, Netherlands. Dederasvaart, JOHN H. LEY, Royal Nursery, Croydon. December 28 will go to Press on Christmas Healthy Plants in Pots of O i^^ F O R C i N G~. Eve, December 24. All Advertisements for ILIUM AURATUM, the Golden-Rayed L SPIR.EA JAPONICA. 20s. per too. Lily, per dozen, 18^ , 245., and 30J. Japanese PALMATA. 25s. per 100. that Number must, therefore, reach the Office 12. King Street. Covent Garden. W.C. BARR AND SUGDEN, By 100 or rooo. An immense stock, finely ripened. Smaller

palmatas, for planting, 10s. fid., 155 , and zw. per too. Extra by TUESDA Y, the 24th inst. Fine Bulbs, iss. OMAN HYACINTHS.— large clumps at moderate prices. R per 100. Discount to Trade on application CHARLES NOBLE, Bagshot. PAUL AND SON. The Old Nurseries. Cheshunt. mS^ The GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AIDEN APRICOTS.— 2000 Moorpark OLD and SILVER HOLLIES.—No better will M and other finest sorts, to be sold cheap, to clear land. for Saturday, Jan. 4, 1879, contain a or cheaper in the land, than at G For price apply to. PAUL AND SON'S. The Old Nurseries. Cheshunt. BEAUTIFULLY COLOURED ALMANAC. EWING AND CO., Norwich. PRUCE FIRS for Christmas Trees, well COURT BLACK HAM- high. 30J per 100 HAMPTON SOCIETY, s formed, 2 to 3 feet BURGH VINE.— Strong fruiting well ripened Canes of ROYAL HORTICULTURAL RICHARD SMITH and CO , Nurserymen. Worcester. this well known Grape, -js. td.. and los. td. each ; Planting South Kensington, S.W. s^., Canes, (>d. each. Also a good stock of most of the best kinds. FRUIT, and English Yews—English Yews. 35. NOTICE. — SCIENTIFIC. FLORAL T. JACKSON AND SON, Nurseries, Kingston, Surrey. COMMITTEES' MEETINGS, on TUESDAY next, ENGLISH YEWS, 3* to 4 feet, 12s. per doz., December 17, at 11 o'Clock. GENERAL MEETING for —Vines—Vines. to feet. i8s. per doz. , roo^. per Vines 8c^. per 100 : 4 4j^ loo. ELECTION of FELLOWS at 3 o'clock. Admission is. All recently transplanted. Every plant a perfect specimen. COWAN, The Vineyard, Garston, neiir PERKINS and SON, 52, Market Square, • offering a large and splendid stock ot INTER GARDENS, SOUTHPORT.— JOHN J Liverpool, is now Northampton. strong, short-jointed, and thoroughly ripened GRAPE VINES, The SECOND SPRING FLOWER SHOW will be suitable for fruiting in pots and planting Vineries. Catalogues held on MARCH so and 21. Schedules are now ready, and English Yews. free. The Trade supplied. can be obtained by applying to ENGLISH YEWS, 4 to 5 feet, I2.s-. per A. CAMPBELL, F.R.H S., Curator. dozen. 85i. per too. LACK HAMBURGH VINES, anii other Canes. Prices, J. GEORGE H I LL (late John Scottl, The Royal Nurseries, B leading sorts, in Fruiting and Planting WELVE NEW GLOXINIAS for 2i.r., Merriott. Somerset. &c., on application to including the grand new novelties shown at Paris Exhi- F. R. KINGHORN, Nurseries, Richmond, Surrey. bition, small growing Uulbs in 2-inch pots, or dry, free by post Seedling and Trans- ; FOREST TREES, 2000 stools Victoria also large.flowering bulbs of fine AMARYLLIS, imported front planted. —The very extensive stock of the above is this FOR SALE, Peru, 421. per dozen. season in splendid condition. RHUBARB, also 2000 Faslolf RASPBERRY Bushes. JOHN H. LEY, Royal Nursery, Croydon. CATALOGUES on application. Apply to JOHN LIVINGSTON, Maiket Gardener, st, The Lawson Seed and Nursery Company (Limited) Edinburgh. Holmscro ft Street, Greenock, N.B. ODEAS.- Healthy young plants of T. superba and T. hymenophylloides (pellucida). free and HORNBEAM FENCES. — Established QEAKALE, ASPARAGUS anti safe by post. 2S. 6t/. each for prepayment. Trade price (low) Hedges, 6 to 7 feet, beautifully trimmed, and perfect 10 RHUBARB — Hoots for forcing, exceptionally fine. per 100. or lesser quantities, on application. screens. Will move with safety. Price periunning yard on For special quotations apply to ROBERT SIM. Sidcup Hill Nursery. Foot's Cray, Kent. application, H. THORNTON, i. Maxwell Road. Fulham, S.W. CRANSTON and CO., King's Acre Nurseries. Hereford. R U IT I N G FT^^Tn T^ fpo THE TRADE.—To be Disposed of, of PEACHES. NECrARINES, APRICOTS, and Evergreen Oaks. J- BRIERS and NONPARIEL CABB.-iGE SEED, of GRAPE VINES, a large and fine stock, now offered for Sale. EVERGREEN OAKS, all recently trans- good quality. Particulars of RIVE RS and SON. Sawbridgeworth. Herts. THOMAS planted, from 3 to 10 feet, at exceptionally low prices. A. BILLIMORE, Florist, &c., Caversham, Oxon. (late Scott), The Royal Nurseries, OTXNDARD apples," pears and J. GEORGE HILL John Merrio ~ RAMPIAN POTATO.—The finest Early kJ PLUMS.— The finest Standard Orchard Trees in Round Polato in cultivation, remarkable chiefly for its pro- Kngland. at Planting Season. ductiveness, good quality and symmetry ; was shown in most of PAUL AND SON'S. The Old Nurseries, Cheshunt. DICKSON and SONS beg to the collections exhibited at the International and other Potato JAMES during the last three years. Prices on application. PRIZE COB FILBERTS draw attention to their very superior and very extensive Shows WEBB'S AND SON, Nurserymen and Seedsmen. AND OTHER NUTS. Stock of hardily-grown and well-rooted TREES and PLANTS WM. SMITH deen, N.B. Persons desirous of obtaining Trees of the above, grown of every description. Priced CATALOGUES post-free. Aber by the late R. Webb, of Calcot, should give early orders to "Newton" Nurseries. Chester. THE MANAGER. Calcot Gardens, Reading. Our SPECIAL LIST, CATALOGUES post-free on application. THREE THOUSAND or FOUR THOU- SEED POTATOS.— containing all the best English and American varieties EBB'S CHOICE POLYANTHUS grown by us the past season, may now be had, post-free, on w AND OTHER SPRING PLANTS, application. ly orders are solicited for the above choice plants. Apply to F. SHARPE, Seed Growers, Wisbech. rable offer refused. Addn H. AND Reading. THE MANAGER. Calcot Gardens, Leatherhead, WALTER J. CHRISTIE, Nurseryman, Sc, Gentlemen's Gardeners, Amateurs, and Others DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE of ROSES, FRUIT TREES. DECIDUOUS and EVERGREEN of best quality, TREES and SHRUBS, RHODODENDRONS, VINES, ANTED, a quantity of OAK ACORNS, GARDEN POTS are requested to send their orders to CLIMBERS. &c. Free by post on application. for sowing. State price per bushel to Royal Pottery. Weston-super-Mare. H. LANE AND SON, The Nurseries, Great Berkhamstcd, LITTLE and BALLANTYNE, Knowefield Nurseries, J. MATTHEWS, application. Carlisle. Price List on — — 2

[December 14, 187?. 748 TflF. C-yf R nr.NF.RS' CIIRONICLIi

the variety is grander, though very scarce. It is easily but if no known kind of growth or ostensible apt to be turned into the field. We need understood by its much larger flowers, larger and of arrangement will account for a dis- corn ears to symbolise our bread, but we do not method longer petals, the exceedingly rounded very dark have the whole play of flowers in any particular spot, we may (to all minds at least) need to almost blackish purplish side lobes of lip, and a be pretty sure that they are better omitted. sheaves brought into church — stems, weeds, longer spur. From an old memorandum in my her- barium I see that our lamented friend, Mr. John This is particularly to be considered in pulpit insects and all. A truly rural thanksgiving ser- Gould Veitch, first discovered and introduced it to decoration : horizontal or vertical lines of foliage vice is in most things beautiful, but the amount England. If I am not mistaken, it was originally or colours of flowers have a of produce, where the symbol of our daily with one two farm not so much appreciated as now, since the typical picturesque and true effect, but the appearance bread is represented by a sheaf of which every D. bigibbum, as represented in Paxton's Flmvcr of all possible colours, with no ostensible method bit of the history is known to the agricultural Gankn, was nearly lost sight of. I remember, how- the late Mr. Rucker had a plant of the of fastening the component parts all over the surrounders, and mentally commented on ever, S. Loddigesian stock; he presented me with some flowers, flat panels and every available surface, is unsatis- through the service, might with advantage be very inferior to the Veitchian variety, in 1865. It factory both to the eye and mind. reduced so as to be suggestive of spiritual and has generally been believed that Messrs. Loddiges Occasionally the effect of decoration, very earthly blessings rather than of agricultural were the first who introduced and flowered Dendro- bium bigibbum in 1S59. This is a great mistake : good for the time of day or state of light it was comparison. Dendrobium bigibbum flowered first at Kew as arranged in, is entirely spoilt for other times by Symbolical forms made of flowers are dan- early as 1S24 (a very good year for Orchidology, as it gerous ground to venture on, and the reverse the consequences of changing light and shadow gave birth to at least two most energetic and enthu- not having been considered, and the arrange- imitative representation of flowers or foliage in siastic orchidists), as may be ascertained in the wool-work, paper, tinsel, beads, or any other botanic rooms of ISritish Museum, where a beautiful ment appearing as a dark mass ; this especially drawing of Francis Bauer is preserved with the just is the case of chancel or east window decora- way—should be totally inadmissible ; but masses given statement. It gives me pleasure to thank the of foliage with any flowers that may be pro- tions during the morning service. Generally authorities of that establishment for their constant naturally so as to speaking, the painted glass and the flowers curable, arranged simply and zeal and perseverance in letting me see their invalu- between it and the observer are under exactly show their colours in all lights, will always be able treasures. Fresh materials of both varieties are at hand from my excellent correspondents, Messrs, opposite conditions—the light that displays one pleasing : and it may perhaps be of service to Veitch. //. G. Rchb.f. mention that if flowers are required to be laid conceals the beauties of the other ; when the position they glass has lost its effect from the evening for a few hours in some where Gr.xitiiog.m.u.m aurantiacum, Bakci; n. sp* shadows the flowers within will appear and vice cannot be supplied with water, they will This is a small new and very distinct species of keep their freshness if the tips of their stems versa, and it is sometimes no small disturbance Ornithogalum, just received at Kew in a living state to those who would gladly not be disturbed to have been placed for two or three hours pre- from our excellent correspondent Mr. Harry Bolus, conjecture what the singular forms can be which viously in a mixture of about one part of of Cape Town. It does not fall satisfactorily into any of the sections characterised in my monograph from a little want of thought are presented vinegar to two of water. O. of the genus, as it has bright yellow flowers without simply as forms to the congregation through any dorsal band to their segments, the veins being half their attendance. obscure and dispersed through the whole lamina. Doubtless it would be best to enlarge the definition The members of the congregation, each fi.Kcd New Garden Plants. of section Cathissa so as to include it. It is too tiny for a considerable time in one spot, see the CVI'RIPEDIUM LaWREN'CEANUM, );. .1/.* to have any general value as a garden plant. decorations under very different circumstances, thin Bulb ovoid, J inch in diameter, pale, with a frequent visitor both mental and bodily, to those of the cheerful When, last autumn, at the tunics. Leaves two, very slender, erect, subulate, I very party of decorators full of plans and suggestions, Veitchian establishment, was much attracted by cotemporary with the flowers, 14 —2 inches long. a very free-growing unknown Cyripedium, having the .Scape very slender, glabrous, flexuose, 3 4 inches and it would be well if now and then, when — leaves of Cyripedium Dayanum, though unusually long. Flowers usually solitary in our half-dozen they had arranged all to their satisfaction, they specimens, rarely to a scape : pedicels ascending, large, but of a very diflerent growth, since it was shoot- two would see whether they had not materially — inch long, almost hidden by the deltoid clasping ing above the soil, so that Mr. Harry Veitch in his last \ \ added inconvenience to the officiating minister, scariose white auricled bract, which is about the same letter it to Oncidium flexuosum. I compared When bright or something totally incongruous to his sur- length as the pedicel. Perianth campanulate, it flower, left began to show and now, December i, | orange-yellow, inch long ; segments oblong, \ roundings. i| I have fresh specimens at hand which give evidence inch broad, without any dorsal band. Stamens one- It may seem uncalled for to mention such that we were altogether right when expecting a third shorter than the perianth ; filaments all six obvious misarrangements, but still more at- novelty. The leaves attain a foot in length, and linear-subulate ; anthers minute, yellow, oblong. ovary oblong tention is needed to the highly ornamental parts have on their inner surface a dark green mosaic on a Pistil about as long as the stamens ; ;

style very short ; stigma capitate, y. G. Baker, being kept from being apparent additions to the light green, nearly whitish ground. The flower is dress— this especially (to give a single instance) equal to those of Cypripedium barbatum majus. The TiLLANDSiA (Ali.ardtia) paucifoma, Bakcv, in upper is very broad and round, much exceed- the wreaths of Roses hung on the chancel n. sp.\ eagle. They are beautiful in themselves, but ing a halfcrown-piece, white, with thirteen dark pur- This is a tiny species of Tillandsia, now flowering objectionable plish shining veins which run to the edge, and have most in such combination. The in the Kew collection, of which we do not know the usually a narrower and shorter one between them, arrangement of a decoration laid flat all exact history. The descriptions of the species of the do not reach the border. Tlie connate which lateral it is very difticult round the edge of the pulpit cannot fail genus are scattered so widely, that are small, quite exceedingly a caricature of the to be certain whether any given plant is really new ; to be singularly unpleasant to the fingers that sepal one usually sees, white, with five dark purplish but I have failed to identify it. It comes nearest the perpetually have to be removed from its leaves nerves. The petals are divaricate, narrow, green, dull West Indian T. pruinosa, Sw., but here the Icpidote and stems. One word also might be said for form only a purplish at the top, ciliate, and with the usual fleshy scales that cover the leaves and bracts the safety of the congregation petty thin adpressed silvery coating, and the spike is only from dark warts on the limb. The lip is as much de- half as broad as in that species, and contains much annoyances and occasional danger. A bough veloped as the upper sepal, very large, with the fewer flowers. falling on any one kneeling beneath is (from strong lateral horns of the shoe purplish-brown above, Whole plant not more than 4—5 inches high, ihe personal experience) startling, and might cause a yellowish below, covered with very numerous warts bracts and both sides of the leaves coated with ad- deal of disturbance, therefore as far as possible internally. The slaminode is a special ornament. It pressed silvery lepidote scales. Basal leaves five or dilated it is well to avoid such arrangements, as either comes nearest to that of Cypripedium javanicum, but six in a dense rosette, with large ventricose bases about an inch in length and breadth, the are (or suggest that they may be) dangerous or the posterior exterior border is simply split in the squarrose lamina not more than 2 3 inches long, insecure. Greenhouse plants middle, so that the two segments are contiguous — arranged on the linear-subulate, tapering gradually from the base to while they are separated by a wide sinus in C. top of capitals of pillars are very beautiful, but the tip, channelled down the face. Stem very short, javanicum. The five anterior teeth have the middle reduced leaves. suggest pots ; and amongst the variety of garden hidden by its two or three linear erect one very much developed. It is of a light yellowish- 4-floweted, — produce introduced into our churches at some Spike simple, erect, distichous, 3 — \\ white waxy colour, with a purplish an inch edge and some inches long, | — J inch broad ; bracts about thanksgiving services the Apples are an unfail- green reticulations. Cypripedium barbatum, venus- long, oblong-navicular, much imbricated. Flowers ing source of anxiety to the graver members of sepals tum, purpuratum, have only three teeth at the same with a very short stout pedicel inside the bract ; tie congregation. the especial '\ violet, ob- Why reminder place. lanceolate, naked, inch long. Petals of the Fall should be introduced at all is puzzling, lanccolate-unguiculate, half as long again as the petals. The novelty is one of the numerous discoveries of equalling the petals. Style just exserted. but whether in piles like cannon balls, threaten- Stamens Mr. F. W. Burbidge, who has come home quite lately ing to roll down every instant, or on boughs ' as if to see his proligj flower. It is dedicated with Orr.ithogalum aiLraittu^cum, Baker, n. sp.— Pro genere

minimum, bulbo ovoideo pallido : foliis 2 syi anthiis ercciis threatening to fall at the first draught, there seem many grateful expressions to Sir Trevor Lawrence, teretibussubulatisscapo; brevioribus ; scapo gracillimo Hexuoso : difficulties always tobe ; and, if they must be there, the ardent orchidist and possessor of an Orchid 3—4 pollicari ; floribusi-2 aurantiacis. pedicellis flore paulo

longioribus; bracleisdeltoideis auriculalis : perianthiiparvi cam- it might be suggested that a stitch run right collection of exceptional richness and beauty. //. G, panula! i segment is oblon^iis dorsonuUomodo viltatis; staminibus through Apples, Pears, or any similar solid fruit, R

so as to tie it firmly to its stem beyond possibility De.ndkouium liiGinuuM, LiiiJI., sui'ERUum. of misadventure, would be highly desirable. t Tillandsia {Ailard in) Myici/ilia. Baker, n. sp. — Pro is t Lovely as Dendrobium bigibbum, with its ex- genere parva : foliis caule bracleisque ubique nuiter adpiesse Of the beauty of the feeling of decorating our ; foliis radicalibus 5—6 rosulatis basi in- ceedingly ornamental La^lioid flower, yet the superb argenteo-lepidotis churches with symbols of the earthly blessings signiter ventricoso-dilatalis, lamina supra basin 2~-3-pollicari squarrosa lineari-subulata facie canaliculala ; caule brevissimo * Cypridium Lawrenceanum^ n. &p. — Foliis for which we are offering our thanks there ran Cypripedii foil's 2—4 linearibus reductis occulto ; spicS simplici densa layani. Ilore C. barbati : tepalis angnstis porrectis, limbo erecta bracleis subpollic libus oblongo-navicularibus be no doubt, but whilst in some cases the 3 —4 flora ; lergetice verrucosisac ciliatis ; staminodio magno C. jivanicijiv^ ; valde imbricatis : calyce nudo braclea paulo breviori. sepalis sr. roiunaaio,indato, postpostice nsso, anlice forcipatolorcipato : dentibus < House of Prayer seems a little too much turned lanceolatis ; retails oblanceolato-unguiculatis violaceis calyce nis porrectis, dentibus internis ternis, dente v; medio ,esqui longioribus : staminibus petalis sequilongis ; stylo breviter into a conservatory, in others it is rather too filaraentis ferlilibiis sqiialiter bidentatis. H. G. Rchh. /.