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Church Bells of England ekurek JSells of England CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY MUSIC Cornell University Library ML 1039.W23 Church bells of England, 3 1924 017 579 099 Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/cletails/cu31924017579099 CHURCH BELLS OF ENGLAND PART OF BELL-FOUNDER'S WINDOW. YORK MINSTER showing the forming of a mould. (See page 45). CHURCH BELLS OF ENGLAND BY H. B. WALTERS, M.A., P.S.A. JOINT-EDITOR OF " CHURCH BELI.S OF ESSEX " AND "church bells OF WARWICKSHIRE" Illustrated by 170 Photographs and Drawings HENRY FROWDE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON, NEW YORK, TORONTO, AND ^MELBOURNE 1912 PREFACE Many books have already been published on the subject of Church Bells, and in particular those of England, but as yet there hardly exists an adequate manual of the subject ; much that has been written being now out of date, or lacking in comprehensiveness, or marred by superficial and inaccurate treatment. The present volume is an attempt by one who has made our Church Bells his special study for over twenty years, to set forth within a convenient compass the more important aspects of a subject which from its many-sidedness and its still living interest appeals perhaps to a more extensive class of readers than any other branch of English archaeology. The writer owes a special debt of gratitude to Mr. Francis Bond, the editor of this series, for the valuable assistance he has rendered in the collection of material and illustrations for the work, for help in the revision of the MS. and proofs, and for many useful suggestions as to its form and appearance. The Rev. Canon Nolloth of Beverley has kindly revised the earlier chapters, and contributed much information of value. Thanks are also due to the Rev. Preb. Deedes of Chichester for assistance in compiling the bibliography, and to Mr. A. Hughes of the Whitechapel foundry for sundry useful inr formation. The illustrations in the text are mainly taken from older publications, or from blocks and photographs in the possession of the writer. He has also to thank the Trustees of the British Museum for the loan of a block ; Mr. W. R. Lethaby for per- VI PREFACE mission to use an illustration from his Westminster Abbey ; and Mr. A. H. Cocks for similar permission in regard to the specimens of lettering from the plates of his Church Bells of Buckinghamshire. The Rev. D. H. S. Cranage has also kindly sanctioned the use of two views of churches from his Churches of Shropshire. For the half-tone illustrations blocks have been courteously supplied by Messrs. Mears & Stainbank, Messrs. Warner, and the Rev. G. E. Belcher of Chaldon ; also by the proprietors of the Children's Magazine and by the Record Press Company. To the following also, who have furnished photographs, grateful acknowledgments must be made : The Rev. I. W. Charlton (Snettisham) ; the Rev. Canon Nolloth and Mr. Goulding (Beverley) ; Mr. Francis Bond ; Mr. F. T. S. Houghton ; Mr. F. Jenkins (Southwold) ; Mr. A. G. Wright (Colchester); and the bell-founding firms of Mears & Stainbank, Taylor, and Warner. TABLE OF CONTENTS chapter page Preface v Bibliography ix I. Historical Introduction i II. Technical Processes ; Towers and Belfries 29 III. Ringing and Ringers- 73 IV. Great Bells and Rings; Their Weights and Sizes; Carillons and Chimes 95 V. Uses and Customs; I. Sunday Uses 114 VI. Uses and Customs; II. Festivals and Daily Bells 138 VII. Uses and Customs; III. Funeral and Miscel- laneous Uses 152 VIII. Founders and Foundries. Introductory ; London Mediaeval Foundries 175 IX. Provincial Mediaeval Foundries 193 X. Post-Reformation Foundries. I. The South and West of England 215 XI. Post-Reformation Foundries. II. The East and North 235 XII. The Dedication of Bells 256 XIII. The Decoration of Bells 281 viii CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE XIV. The Inscriptions on Bells. I. The Mediaeval Period 315 XV. The Inscriptions on Bells. II. The Post-Re- formation Period - 328 XVI. Loss and Destruction of Bells 350 XVII. Campanology as a Pursuit 358 - Appendix : English Bell-Founders 367 Index of Persons and Places 385 Index Rerum 396 BIBLIOGRAPHY I.—GENERAL WORKS Those marked with an asterisk are not in the British Museum Library or the Bodleian'] Acland-Troyte, Capt. J. E. The Change-ringer's Guide to the Steeples of England. 2nd edition. London, 1882. Andrews, W. Curious Church Customs, p. 49 ff. 2nd edition. London, 1898. *Arnauld, H. De Campanarum usu. Altdorf, 1665. i2mo. Banister, W. The Art and Science of Bell Ringing. 2nd edition. London, 1879. Baronius, Caesar. Annales Ecclesiasticae, torn. x. De Ritu consecrandi Campanas. Rome, 1588, and later editions. *Barraud, Abbe. Notice sur les cloches. Caen, 1841. 8vo. Batty, Rev. R. E. Church Bells. Aylesbury, 1850. {Records of Bucks., i. p. 117.) Beaufoy, S. The Ringer's True Guide. London, 1804. i2mo. Beckett, Sir Edmund (formerly Denison, afterwards Lord Grimthorpe). a Treatise on Clocks, Watches, and Bells. London, i860. Latest edition, 1903, pp. 404. 8vo. On the Casting and Ringing of Large Bells, in Joiirn. R. Inst. Brit. Archit., 1856. Bell News and Ringer^ Record. London and Walthamstow, 1881, &c. In progress. Ringing news, &c. Bergner, H. Die Glocken der Herzogthums Sachsen-Meiningen (Verein fiir Meiningische Geschichte, Heft 33). 1899. Pp. 169. sur les et les Berthel^, J. EnquStes Campanaires. Notes Cloches Fondeurs de cloches du VIII° au XX° si^cle. Montpelier, 1903. 8vo. Pp. 758. Archives Campanaires beiges et rhenanes {Annates de I'Acad. d'archiol. de Belgique, Ivii.). Antwerp, 1905. Beyerlinck, L. Conciones variorum argumentorum. 44 De Campanarum Usu. Cologne, 1627. Magnum Theatrum humanae vitae (sub vocibus Campana, Tintinnabulum, &c.). Cologne, 1 631 ; Lyons, 1678. Fol. X BIBLIOGRAPHY BiERSTAEDT, A. Dissertatio historica de Campanarum materia et forma. Jena, 1685. Cloches et las Billon, J. B. Campanologie. :^tude sur las Sonneries frangaises et ^trangeres. Caen, 1866. 8vo. Bk. viii., Chaps. Bingham, J. Antiquities of the Christian Church. 8, 15; Bk. xi., Chaps. 4, 2. London, 1867. BiRiNGUCCio, V. Pirotachnia, Chap. x. Venice, 1540, &c. (French transl. by J. Vincent, Paris, 1556.) Blunt, W. The Use and Abuse of the Church Bells, with practical suggestions. 1846. 8vo. (Raviewad Ecclesiologist, No. 49, P- 105-) *BoEHMER, G. L. Programma de Feudo Campanario. Gottingen, 1755- . Libri (i. chap. 22, da Signis at Bona, J. Rerum Liturgicarum duo Campanis). Roma, 167 1. Borromaeus, C. Liber de Instructione Fabricae et da numero Campanarum (Acta Ecclasiae Madiolanansis). Milan, 1582 and 1843; Paris, 1855. vols. Brand, J. Popular Antiquities of Great Britain. 3 1849. (Bohn's Antiq. Libr.) Briscoe, J. P. Curiosities of the Belfry. London, 1883. Pp. 156. 8vo. Brown, A. W. The Law of Church Bells. Uppingham, 1857. i2mo. *—— History and Antiquity of Bells. 1856. BuLWER, H. E. Glossary of the Terms employed in connection with Church Bells and Change-ringing. London, 1901. Pp. 83. 8vo. *BuoMMATTEi, B. Dcclamazione delle Campane dopo la sua Cicalate dalle tre Sirocchie. Pisa, 1635. Cancellieri, F. Descrizione della nuova Cainpana maggiore della Basilica Vaticana. Rome, 1786. ' Dascrizioni dalle due nove Campana di Campidoglio benaditta del Pio VIL Rome, 1806. 4to. Campanalogia, or the Art of Ringing improved, by F. S. (Fabian Stedman). London, 1677. i8mo. [The second edition of Stedman's book published in 1668; subsequent editions were printed in 1702, 1705, 1733, 1753, 1766. See also Monk.] [Carre, Dom R.] Racuail curieux et ^difiant sur les Cloches de I'Eglise, avac les Ceremonies de leur Benediction. Cologne, 1757. 8vo. Chateaubriand, F. A. La genie du Chratianisma, Vol. iii. Chap. i. Paris, 1804. Chauncy, Sir Henry. Historical Antiquities of Hertfordshire, 166, 167. " London, 1700. Fol. Also 2nd edition, 1826, i. p. 328. Church Bells. London, 1870-1907. (A weakly periodical containing much information as to bells and bell-ringing.) Church Bells and Bell-ringing. "Guardian" Office, London, 1907. Pp. 38. BIBLIOGRAPHY Xi Cloches, L'Art la de fonte des, in Diet, des Arts et Metiers, i. pt. 2, p. 709. Paris, 1773. 4to. Cole MSS. in Brit. Mus. (Add. 5827-5828, &c.). (Gives number of bells in each church in several dioceses about 1740.) See Gi J. Gray's Index (1912), p. 11. Collection of Legitimate Methods. (Council of Church Bell Ringers.) London, Bemrose, 1907, &c. CoRBLET, J. Notice Historique et Liturgique sur les Cloches. Paris, 1857. *Croombe, — . A few words on Bells and Bell-ringing. Bristol, 1 85 1. 8vo. Daniel-Tvssen, J. R., F.S.A. Survey of the Church of the College of Mailing, pp. 25, 27, 29. Lewes, 1870. 8vo. {Sussex Arch. Coll., xxi.) D'Arcet, J. Instructions sur I'Art de Metal des Cloches. Paris, 1794. 4to. Denison. See Beckett. *Derfelde, — . Dissertatio de Origine et Nomine Campanarum. Jena, 1685. Dergny, M. D. Les Cloches de Pays de Bray. Paris, 1866. 8vo. D'lvERNOis, R. La voix des Cloches dans I'i^glise. Neufchatel, 1867. Donnet, F. Les cloches chez nos peres (Bull, et Antt. de I'Acad. d'Archiol. de Belgique, ser. 5, vol. i.). Antwerp, 1898. 8vo. Les cloches d'Anvers. Antwerp, 1899. 8vo. Varietes Campanaires {Ann. de I'Acad. d'Archhl. de Belgique, Ivi. 4). Antwerp, 1904. DowNMAN, Rev. E. A. Ancient Church Bells in England. Privately printed, 1898. DucANGE, cur. Dufresne. Glossarium, ii. 87-92. Ed. Venetiis, 1737. Fol. DuRANDUS, Gul. Rationale Divinorum Officiorum. (De campanis ecclesiarium, lib. i. cap. 4.) 1459, &c. Fol. Translated and edited by Webb and Neale, Leeds, 1843. DuRANTUS, J. S. De ritibus ecclesiae catholicae, i. chap. 22. Paris, 1632. Dyer, T. F. T. Church Lore Gleanings. London, 189 1. 8vo. Ecclesiologist, iv. 207.
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