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Diversity of Free-Living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in the Badlands of South Dakota Bibha Dahal South Dakota State University
South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange Theses and Dissertations 2016 Diversity of Free-living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in the Badlands of South Dakota Bibha Dahal South Dakota State University Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd Part of the Bacteriology Commons, and the Environmental Microbiology and Microbial Ecology Commons Recommended Citation Dahal, Bibha, "Diversity of Free-living Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria in the Badlands of South Dakota" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 688. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/etd/688 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DIVERSITY OF FREE-LIVING NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIA IN THE BADLANDS OF SOUTH DAKOTA BY BIBHA DAHAL A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Science Major in Biological Sciences Specialization in Microbiology South Dakota State University 2016 iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS “Always aim for the moon, even if you miss, you’ll land among the stars”.- W. Clement Stone I would like to express my profuse gratitude and heartfelt appreciation to my advisor Dr. Volker Brӧzel for providing me a rewarding place to foster my career as a scientist. I am thankful for his implicit encouragement, guidance, and support throughout my research. This research would not be successful without his guidance and inspiration. -
Index Seminum 2017
ORTO BOTANICO DELL’UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PALERMO INDEX SEMINUM MMXVII SPORAE ET SEMINA ANNI MMXVII QUAE PRO MUTUA COMMUTATIONE OFFERENTUR In copertina: veduta del Ginnasio (Schola Botanices) da una xilografia del 1832. Cover: view of Gymnasium (Schola Botanices) taken from a xylography of 1832. Il presente Index comprende, in due distinti elenchi, semi di piante spontanee raccolti durante il 2017 in varie località della Sicilia e di piante coltivate nell’Orto Botanico di Palermo. Nel rispetto della Convenzione sulla Biodiversità (Rio de Janeiro, 1992), i semi sono forniti alle seguenti condizioni che si ritengono accettate all’atto dell’ordinazione dei semi o di altro materiale vegetale: • il materiale deve essere usato per il bene comune nelle aree della ricerca, didattica, conservazione e sviluppo degli orti botanici; • se il richiedente intende commercializzare del materiale genetico o prodotti derivati, deve essere preventivamente autorizzato dall’Orto botanico di Palermo; • il materiale non può essere ceduto a terzi senza autorizzazione da parte dell’Orto botanico di Palermo; • ogni pubblicazione scientifica legata al materiale inviato, deve menzionare l’Orto botanico di Palermo come fornitore. L’Orto Botanico è posto a 10 m s.l.m. e si estende su una superficie di circa 10 ettari. Coordinate: 38.112N,13.374E. Per informazioni sul clima è possibile trarre dati aggiornati sul sito www.sias.regione.sicilia.it Le richieste di semi devono essere indirizzate via email a [email protected] indicando nell’oggetto: “Index Seminum – Desiderata 2017” e in calce l’esatto indirizzo presso il quale dovranno essere spediti i semi richiesti. This Index Seminum includes, in two separate lists, seeds of spontaneous plants collected during 2017 in various localities in Sicily and plants grown in the Botanical Garden of Palermo. -
1 Introduction
Genetic relatedness and taxonomy in closely related species of Hedysarum (Fabaceae) Natalia S. Zvyaginaa, ∗ [email protected] Olga V. Doroginaa Pilar Catalanb, c aCentral Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Brunch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Zolotodolinskaya st. 101, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia bDepartment of Botany, Institute of Biology, Tomsk State University, Lenin Av. 36, 634050, Tomsk, Russia cDepartment of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, High Polytechnic School of Huesca, University of Zaragoza, Ctra. Cuarte km 1, E22071, Huesca, Spain ∗Corresponding author. Abstract A multidisciplinary study, engaging morphological, carpological and molecular data, has been performed to investigate the genetic relatedness and taxonomic boundaries of the close species Hedysarum gmelinii, H. setigerum and H. chaiyrakanicum (Fabaceae) with overlapped distribution areas in southern Siberia. The diagnostic features of these legume species are analyzed and discussed, including their macro- and micromorphological characteristics, seed coat ornamentation and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) profiles. The morphometric features, pod and seed microsculpture traits of H. chaiyrakanicum and the ISSR patterns of the three species have been determined for the first time. Sprout, leaf, calyx, corolla, and stem rachis measurements, leaflet indumentum type and ISSR patterns significantly discriminate H. chaiyrakanicum from the other two species, whereas plant height, lengths of stem and leaf, and length and width of leaflet show opposite ranges of variation for H. gmelinii and H. setigerum though none of them is reliable in species identification. Ornamentation of seed coat and ISSR patterns does not differ significantly in the species. Therefore, our study supports the separate taxonomic treatment of H. chaiyrakanicum and the subordination of the cryptic species H. -
The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus
Prokaryotes (2006) 4:5–75 DOI: 10.1007/0-387-30744-3_1 CHAPTER 1.2.1 ehT areneG succocolyhpatS dna succocorcMa The Genera Staphylococcus and Macrococcus FRIEDRICH GÖTZ, TAMMY BANNERMAN AND KARL-HEINZ SCHLEIFER Introduction zolidone (Baker, 1984). Comparative immu- nochemical studies of catalases (Schleifer, 1986), The name Staphylococcus (staphyle, bunch of DNA-DNA hybridization studies, DNA-rRNA grapes) was introduced by Ogston (1883) for the hybridization studies (Schleifer et al., 1979; Kilp- group micrococci causing inflammation and per et al., 1980), and comparative oligonucle- suppuration. He was the first to differentiate otide cataloguing of 16S rRNA (Ludwig et al., two kinds of pyogenic cocci: one arranged in 1981) clearly demonstrated the epigenetic and groups or masses was called “Staphylococcus” genetic difference of staphylococci and micro- and another arranged in chains was named cocci. Members of the genus Staphylococcus “Billroth’s Streptococcus.” A formal description form a coherent and well-defined group of of the genus Staphylococcus was provided by related species that is widely divergent from Rosenbach (1884). He divided the genus into the those of the genus Micrococcus. Until the early two species Staphylococcus aureus and S. albus. 1970s, the genus Staphylococcus consisted of Zopf (1885) placed the mass-forming staphylo- three species: the coagulase-positive species S. cocci and tetrad-forming micrococci in the genus aureus and the coagulase-negative species S. epi- Micrococcus. In 1886, the genus Staphylococcus dermidis and S. saprophyticus, but a deeper look was separated from Micrococcus by Flügge into the chemotaxonomic and genotypic proper- (1886). He differentiated the two genera mainly ties of staphylococci led to the description of on the basis of their action on gelatin and on many new staphylococcal species. -
Molecular Characterization of Culturable Aerobic Bacteria in the Midgut of Field-Caught Culex Tritaeniorhynchus, Culex Gelidus, and Mansonia Annulifera Mosquitoes in the Gampaha
Hindawi BioMed Research International Volume 2020, Article ID 8732473, 13 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8732473 Research Article Molecular Characterization of Culturable Aerobic Bacteria in the Midgut of Field-Caught Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex gelidus, and Mansonia annulifera Mosquitoes in the Gampaha District of Sri Lanka Nayana Gunathilaka ,1 Koshila Ranasinghe ,2 Deepika Amarasinghe ,2 Wasana Rodrigo,3 Harendra Mallawarachchi,4 and Nilmini Chandrasena1 1Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya, Ragama, Sri Lanka 2Department of Zoology and Environmental Management, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Colombo, Sri Lanka 3Biotechnology Unit, Industrial Technology Institute, Colombo 07, Colombo, Sri Lanka 4Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Medical Research Institute, Colombo 08, Colombo, Sri Lanka Correspondence should be addressed to Nayana Gunathilaka; [email protected] Received 5 June 2020; Revised 8 August 2020; Accepted 17 September 2020; Published 5 October 2020 Academic Editor: Wen Jun Li Copyright © 2020 Nayana Gunathilaka et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. Larval and adult mosquito stages harbor different extracellular microbes exhibiting various functions in their digestive tract including host-parasite interactions. Midgut symbiotic bacteria can be genetically exploited to express molecules within the vectors, altering vector competency and potential for disease transmission. Therefore, identification of mosquito gut inhabiting microbiota is of ample importance before developing novel vector control strategies that involve modification of vectors. Method. Adult mosquitoes of Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Culex gelidus, and Mansonia annulifera were collected from selected Medical Officer of Health (MOH) areas in the Gampaha district of Sri Lanka. -
Argomento: Fabaceae
FACOLTA’ DI BIOSCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE AGRO-ALIMENTARI E AMBIENTALI ARGOMENTO: FABACEAE Fiori di fava (Vicia faba) I frutti delle Fabaceae in genere sono frutti secchi deiscenti chiamati baccelli o legumi Sulla coronaria Sulla coronaria (L.) Medik • Ordine: Fabales • Famiglia: Fabaceae • Sottofamiglia: Lotoideae • Genere: Sulla • Specie: Sulla coronaria Fino a poco tempo fa questa specie era denominata Hedysarum coronarium L. Il frutto di Sulla coronaria è un lomento Famiglia Fabaceae La famiglia delle Fabaceae (da faba = fava) in passato è stata denominata: Leguminosae (da legume, il frutto più tipico) Papilionaceae (da papilio = farfalla, per la forma del fiore) Phaseolaceae (da phaseolus = fagiolo) Si tratta di una delle famiglie più vaste tra tutte le Dicotiledoni, presenta una distribuzione quasi cosmopolita ed è presente in molti ambienti differenti. Famiglia Fabaceae • Le Fabaceae rappresentano la terza famiglia per numero di specie tra le Antofite, comprendendo circa 16400 specie suddivise in 657 generi. Questa famiglia comprende alberi, arbusti, liane, piante perenni e piante annuali diffuse in tutto il mondo. Le specie lianose e rampicanti possono sviluppare viticci. Queste piante hanno un elevato metabolismo dell’azoto e di amminoacidi particolari e solitamente ospitano, presso le radici batteri azotofissatori. Le foglie sono in genere alterne, raramente opposte, le stipole sono solitamente presenti, talvolta trasformate in spine, in alcuni casi mancano. ACACIA LATISPINA Famiglia Fabaceae Le foglie sono per lo più alterne, spiralate o distiche, pennato-composte, trifogliate o unifogliate, intere o talvolta con il margine serrato. Le foglie e le foglioline sono dotate di pulvino ben sviluppato, l’asse della foglia e le foglioline spesso sono dotati di movimenti nastici. -
FABACEAE Parte I Fiori Di Fava (Vicia Faba) SULLA CORONARIA
FACOLTA’ DI BIOSCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE AGRO-ALIMENTARI E AMBIENTALI CORSO DI STUDI IN SCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE ALIMENTARI CORSO DI STRUTTURA E FUNZIONI DEGLI ORGANISMI VEGETALI Dr. Nicola Olivieri ARGOMENTO: FABACEAE parte I Fiori di fava (Vicia faba) SULLA CORONARIA Sulla coronaria (L.) Medik • Ordine: Fabales • Famiglia: Fabaceae • Sottofamiglia: Faboideae • Genere: Sulla • Specie: Sulla coronaria Fino a poco tempo fa questa specie era denominata Hedysarum coronarium L. Frutto di Sulla coronaria Famiglia Fabaceae La famiglia delle Fabaceae (da faba = fava) in passato è stata denominata: Leguminosae (da legume, il frutto più tipico) Papilionaceae (da papilio = farfalla, per la forma del fiore) Phaseolaceae (da phaseolus = fagiolo) Si tratta di una delle famiglie più vaste tra tutte le Dicotiledoni Famiglia Fabaceae • Le Fabaceae rappresentano la terza famiglia per numero di specie tra le Antofite, comprendendo circa 16400 specie suddivise in 657 generi. • La famiglia delle Fabaceae comprende tre grandi sottofamiglie: le Mimosoideae, dotate di fiori regolari, rappresentata in Italia da poche specie importate, appartenenti ai generi Acacia ed Albizzia Famiglia Fabaceae le Cesalpinioideae, che hanno il petalo posteriore (vessillo) in posizione interna rispetto agli altri e quindi coperto da essi. Comprendono nella nostra flora spontanea solo il carrubo (Ceratonia siliqua) e l’albero di Giuda (Cercis siliquastrum); le Faboideae o Lotoideae hanno il petalo posteriore in posizione esterna rispetto agli altri ed i petali anteriori spesso saldati a formare una carena. Comprendono tutte le altre Fabaceae della flora italiana. Faboideae o Lotoideae Sono rappresentate da erbe spesso perenni, arbusti ed alberi. Le foglie sono alterne, composte, raramente semplici e dotate di stipole. I fiori sono disposti quasi sempre in un racemo. -
Investigating the Relationship Between Amphotericin B and Extracellular
Investigating the relationship between amphotericin B and extracellular vesicles produced by Streptomyces nodosus By Samuel John King A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Research School of Science and Health Western Sydney University 2017 Acknowledgements A big thank you to the following people who have helped me throughout this project: Jo, for all of your support over the last two years; Ric, Tim, Shamilla and Sue for assistance with electron microscope operation; Renee for guidance with phylogenetics; Greg, Herbert and Adam for technical support; and Mum, you're the real MVP. I acknowledge the services of AGRF for sequencing of 16S rDNA products of Streptomyces "purple". Statement of Authentication The work presented in this thesis is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, original except as acknowledged in the text. I hereby declare that I have not submitted this material, either in full or in part, for a degree at this or any other institution. ……………………………………………………..… (Signature) Contents List of Tables............................................................................................................... iv List of Figures .............................................................................................................. v Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. vi Abstract ..................................................................................................................... -
Advancements in the Understanding of Staphylococcal
ADVANCEMENTS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL MASTITIS THROUGH THE USE OF MOLECULAR TOOLS __________________________________________ A Dissertation presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri-Columbia __________________________________________ In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy __________________________________________ By PAMELA RAE FRY ADKINS Dr. John Middleton, Dissertation Supervisor May 2017 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the dissertation entitled ADVANCEMENTS IN THE UNDERSTANDING OF STAPHYLOCOCCAL MASTITIS THROUGH THE USE OF MOLECULAR TOOLS presented by Pamela R. F. Adkins, a candidate for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, and hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. Professor John R. Middleton Professor James N. Spain Professor Michael J. Calcutt Professor George C. Stewart Professor Thomas J. Reilly DEDICATION I dedicate this to my husband, Eric Adkins, and my mother, Denice Condon. I am forever grateful for their eternal love and support. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I thank John R. Middleton, committee chair, for this support and guidance. I sincerely appreciate his mentorship in the areas of research, scientific writing, and life in academia. I also thank all the other members of my committee, including Michael Calcutt, George Stewart, James Spain, and Thomas Reilly. I am grateful for their guidance and expertise, which has helped me through many aspects of this research. I thank Simon Dufour (University of Montreal), Larry Fox (Washington State University) and Suvi Taponen (University of Helsinki) for their contribution to this research. I acknowledge Julie Holle for her technical assistance, for always being willing to help, and for being so supportive. -
Degree of Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phone and Computer
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Article Degree of Bacterial Contamination of Mobile Phone and Computer Keyboard Surfaces and Efficacy of Disinfection with Chlorhexidine Digluconate and Triclosan to Its Reduction Jana Koscova 1,*, Zuzana Hurnikova 2 and Juraj Pistl 1 1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology and Gnotobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovakia; [email protected] 2 Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 15 August 2018; Accepted: 26 September 2018; Published: 12 October 2018 Abstract: The main aim of our study was to verify the effectiveness of simple disinfection using wet wipes for reduction of microbial contamination of mobile phones and computer keyboards. Bacteriological swabs were taken before and after disinfection with disinfectant wipes with active ingredients chlorhexidine digluconate and triclosan. The incidence and type of microorganisms isolated before and after disinfection was evaluated; the difference was expressed as percentage of contamination reduction. Our results confirmed the high degree of surface contamination with bacteria, some of which are opportunistic pathogens for humans. Before the process of disinfection, on both surfaces, mobile phones, and computer keyboards, the common skin commensal bacteria like coagulase-negative staphylococci were diagnosed most frequently. On the keyboards, species of the genus Bacillus and representatives of the family Enterobacteriaceae were abundant. The potentially pathogenic species were represented by Staphylococcus aureus. Cultivation of swabs performed 5 min after disinfection and subsequent calculation of the reduction of contamination have shown that simple wiping with antibacterial wet wipe led to a significant reduction of microbial contamination of surfaces, with effect ranging from 36.8 to 100%. -
International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes
2019, volume 69, issue 1A, pages S1–S111 International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes Prokaryotic Code (2008 Revision) Charles T. Parker1, Brian J. Tindall2 and George M. Garrity3 (Editors) 1NamesforLife, LLC (East Lansing, Michigan, United States) 2Leibniz-Institut DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH (Braunschweig, Germany) 3Michigan State University (East Lansing, Michigan, United States) Corresponding Author: George M. Garrity ([email protected]) Table of Contents 1. Foreword to the First Edition S1–S1 2. Preface to the First Edition S2–S2 3. Preface to the 1975 Edition S3–S4 4. Preface to the 1990 Edition S5–S6 5. Preface to the Current Edition S7–S8 6. Memorial to Professor R. E. Buchanan S9–S12 7. Chapter 1. General Considerations S13–S14 8. Chapter 2. Principles S15–S16 9. Chapter 3. Rules of Nomenclature with Recommendations S17–S40 10. Chapter 4. Advisory Notes S41–S42 11. References S43–S44 12. Appendix 1. Codes of Nomenclature S45–S48 13. Appendix 2. Approved Lists of Bacterial Names S49–S49 14. Appendix 3. Published Sources for Names of Prokaryotic, Algal, Protozoal, Fungal, and Viral Taxa S50–S51 15. Appendix 4. Conserved and Rejected Names of Prokaryotic Taxa S52–S57 16. Appendix 5. Opinions Relating to the Nomenclature of Prokaryotes S58–S77 17. Appendix 6. Published Sources for Recommended Minimal Descriptions S78–S78 18. Appendix 7. Publication of a New Name S79–S80 19. Appendix 8. Preparation of a Request for an Opinion S81–S81 20. Appendix 9. Orthography S82–S89 21. Appendix 10. Infrasubspecific Subdivisions S90–S91 22. Appendix 11. The Provisional Status of Candidatus S92–S93 23. -
CORSO DI BIOLOGIA, ANATOMIA E MORFOLOGIA DEI VEGETALI Dr
FACOLTA’ DI BIOSCIENZE E TECNOLOGIE AGRO-ALIMENTARI E AMBIENTALI CORSO DI STUDI IN VITICOLTURA ED ENOLOGIA CORSO DI BIOLOGIA, ANATOMIA E MORFOLOGIA DEI VEGETALI Dr. Nicola Olivieri ARGOMENTO: LE FABACEAE parte I Fiori di fava (Vicia faba) SULLA CORONARIA Sulla coronaria (L.) Medik • Ordine: Fabales • Famiglia: Fabaceae • Sottofamiglia: Faboideae • Genere: Sulla • Specie: Sulla coronaria Fino a poco tempo fa questa specie era denominata Hedysarum coronarium L. Frutto di Sulla coronaria Famiglia Fabaceae La famiglia delle Fabaceae (da faba = fava) in passato è stata denominata: Leguminosae (da legume, il frutto più tipico) Papilionaceae (da papilio = farfalla, per la forma del fiore) Phaseolaceae (da phaseolus = fagiolo) Si tratta di una delle famiglie più vaste tra tutte le Dicotiledoni Famiglia Fabaceae • Le Fabaceae rappresentano la terza famiglia per numero di specie tra le Antofite, comprendendo circa 16400 specie suddivise in 657 generi. • La famiglia delle Fabaceae comprende tre grandi sottofamiglie: le Mimosoideae, dotate di fiori regolari, rappresentata in Italia da poche specie importate, appartenenti ai generi Acacia ed Albizzia Famiglia Fabaceae le Cesalpinioideae, che hanno il petalo posteriore (vessillo) in posizione interna rispetto agli altri e quindi coperto da essi. Comprendono nella nostra flora spontanea solo il carrubo (Ceratonia siliqua) e l’albero di Giuda (Cercis siliquastrum); le Faboideae o Lotoideae hanno il petalo posteriore in posizione esterna rispetto agli altri ed i petali anteriori spesso saldati a formare una carena. Comprendono tutte le altre Fabaceae della flora italiana. Faboideae o Lotoideae Sono rappresentate da erbe spesso perenni, arbusti ed alberi. Le foglie sono alterne, composte, raramente semplici e dotate di stipole. I fiori sono disposti quasi sempre in un racemo.