Knot Knowledge KNOT KNOWLEDGE PHOTO-ILLUSTRATIONS
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Mebs Sea-Man
NYNMINST 3120.2 MILITARY EMERGENCY BOAT SERVICE SEAMANSHIP MANUAL MEBS SEA-MAN NYNMINST 3120.2 MEBS SEA-MAN TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER SUBJECT PAGE 1 Boat Characteristics 6 Boat Nomenclature and Terminology 6 Boat Construction 7 Displacement 8 Three Hull Types 9 Principle Boat Parts 11 2 Marlinespike Seamanship 15 Line 15 Knots and Splices 20 Basic Knots 20 Splices 33 Whipping 36 Deck Fittings 38 Line Handling 39 3 Stability 43 Gravity 43 Buoyancy 43 Righting Moment and Capsizing 46 4 Boat Handling 52 Forces 52 Propulsion and Steering 54 Inboard Engines 55 Outboard Motors and Stern Drives 58 Waterjets 60 Basic Maneuvering 61 Vessel Turning Characteristics 67 Using Asymmetric or Opposed Propulsion 70 Performing Single Screw Compound Maneuvering 70 Maneuvering To/From Dock 71 Maneuvering Alongside Another Vessel 77 Anchoring 78 5 Survival Equipment 85 Personal Flotation Device 85 Type I PFD 85 3 NYNMINST 3120.2 MEBS SEA-MAN Type II PFD 85 Type III PFD 86 Type IV PFD 88 Type V PFD 88 6 Weather and Oceanography 90 Wind 90 Thunderstorms 92 Waterspouts 93 Fog 93 Ice 94 Forecasting 95 Oceanography 98 Waves 98 Surf 101 Currents 102 7 Navigation 105 The Earth and its Coordinates 105 Reference Lines of the Earth 105 Parallels 107 Meridians 109 Nautical Charts 113 Soundings 114 Basic Chart Information 115 Chart Symbols and Abbreviations 119 Magnetic Compass 127 Piloting 130 Dead Reckoning 138 Basic Elements of Piloting 139 8 Aids to Navigation 152 U.S. Aids to Navigation System 152 Lateral and Cardinal Significance 152 AtoN Identification 154 9 First -
Ten Mariner School Knots ~
~ Ten Mariner School Knots ~ ~ Knot Competition: 4 min / 10 knots Eyes closed. One Hand. On Too Short Rope ~ The Ten Mariner School Knots 1. Figure eight ~ Kahdeksikko 2. Clove hitch ~ Siansorkka 3. Bowline ~ Paalusolmu 4. Sheet Bend ~ Jalus- ja Lippusolmu 5. Half hitches ~ Ulkosorkka ja puolisorkat 6. High way man's hitch ~ Vetosolmu (=vetonaula) 7. Reefing knot ~ Merimiessolmu 8. Shorting knot ~ Lyhennyssolmu 9. Doubled loop bow-line ~ Kahden paalun paalusolmu 10. Monkey Fist ~ Apinannyrkki ~*~ 1) Figure Eight - Kahdeksikko ◦ Stopper Knot ◦ (alternative uses: join two ropes ◦ Fixed loop) 2) Bow Line - Paalusolmu ◦ Fixed loop ◦ Relatively weak knot: the strength of the rope decreases to 40 %, and becomes hard to open on thin strings ◦ Still, one of the most significant knot among sailors, known as the “King of Knots” ◦ Variations make it stronger & more efficient 3) Clove Hitch - Siansorkka ◦ Hitch rope to a bar ◦ Jams & opens easily (in tugging & pulling especially) ◦ > Never use alone / straightly on a bar when there’s pull / tugging on the rope > secure working-end e.g. with a half- hitch Or like this (with loops, ends of rope not needed): 4) Sheet Bend – Jalus- ja Lippusolmu ◦ Hitch rope to a same type of line ◦ Easy to use & learn ◦ Always make a loop with the bigger rope and the knot with smaller (Big rope in picture: red) ◦ Opens easily itself > When there’s pull / tugging, use two rounds (doubled) ◦ Short ends on same side!!! – otherwise no hold in the knot Sheet bend above, below with double round Continue to the other round: 5) Half Hitches – Puolisorkka ja Ulkosorkka ◦ A Clove Hitch turned on the rope itself ◦ A few simple variations makes this hitch very secure & easy to use – used widely e.g. -
Miscellaneous Knots
The Most Useful Rope Knots for the Average Person to Know Miscellaneous Knots View as HTML To see more details in the pictures, zoom in by holding down the CTRL key and pressing + several times. Restore by holding down the CTRL key and pressing 0. The Home Page describes some knotting terminology, and it explains a number of factors which affect the security of the knots that you tie. Always keep in mind that there are risks associated with ropes and knots, and the risks are entirely your own. Site Map Home Knots Index Single-Loop Knots Multi-Loop Knots Hitches Bends Miscellaneous Knots (this page) Decorative Knots Miscellaneous Knots Practice tying your favorite knots periodically (from different angles) so that you'll remember how to tie them when you need them. 1. Ashley's Stopper Knot or Oysterman's Stopper or ABOK # 526 Tying a "stopper knot" at the end of the rope can help prevent the end from slipping through the knot due to a heavy load or a series of jerks on the rope. To tie this knot, first tie a Slip Knot (picture 1), then bring the end of the rope back through the loop (pictures 2 and 3). If you follow the pictures then you should end up with a nice, bulky knot (picture 4). PDFmyURL.com -1 -2 -3 -4 According to Budworth, "Clifford W. Ashley, whose monumental work The Ashley Book of Knots is every knot enthusiast's bible, devised this knot sometime before 1910." (The Complete Book of Knots, p.32). 2. -
Orientation to Rope Management
Chapter 10 – Orientation to Rope Management Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: • Describe the circumstances where the use of ropes and knots is appropriate for GSAR. • Compare and contrast the types of rope that are encountered in SAR and the relative advantages and disadvantages of each. • Describe and demonstrate proper rope care, handling, and management. • Define the following: dynamic rope, static rope, tubular webbing, flat webbing, accessory cord. • Recognize and demonstrate tying the following knots: Figure Eight on a Bight, Figure Eight Follow Through, Figure Eight Follow Through Bend, Ring Bend (Water Knot, Tape Knot, Overhand Bend), and Italian Hitch (Munter Hitch). • Define carabiners and describe their use. • Describe proper handling of carabiners. • Demonstrate a single point anchor. • Demonstrate the use of a rope for a hand line. • Demonstrate a belay for an assisted raise or lower using an Italian Hitch. • Use the appropriate belay signals during an assisted raise or lower. ORIENTATION TO ROPE MANAGEMENT Introduction The responsibilities of a GSAR member include the ability to perform basic rope management functions. This includes tying of rescue knots involved in a ground-based evacuation and, maintaining and managing a rope(s). This course qualifies the GSAR member to aid or assist in stretcher carries through uneven terrain under the supervision of a certified Ground Search Team Leader. It does not qualify the GSAR member to participate in technical rescues The occasions for which ropes and knots are required in GSAR are limited. The most likely circumstances necessitating their use include: • As a safety line for a stretcher carry on low angle slopes • As a hand line on a slope • As a tool in shelter construction It is recognized that some groups utilize more advanced rope management techniques such as rappelling or embankment rescue techniques in ground search applications. -
The Great Knot Competition
Outdoor Education 9 The Great Knot Competition Date of competition: ________________________ Learn to accurately and quickly tie useful knots from memory! The student with the most winning times on the knots will win the competition, with a second runner up. Incorrectly tied knots or memory aids will disqualify quickest times. 1st Place - First choice of chocolate bar 2nd Place - Chocolate bar Knots to be Timed: 1. Square Knot (Reef Knot) The square knot can join 2 ropes of the same size. It is the first knot we learn to make with our shoelaces. It looks like a bow and is hugely unreliable. Its breaking strength is only 45% of the line strength. The simple and ancient binding knot is also known by the names Hercules, Herakles, flat, and reef knots. It helps to secure a line or rope around an object. It creates unique designs of jewelry. 2. Figure 8 Follow Through Based on the figure 8 knot, figure 8 follow through knot is one of the ways of tying a figure 8 loop the other one being the figure 8 on a bight. It secures the climbing rope to a harness thereby protecting the climber from an accidental fall. 3. Bowline The bowline (pronunciation “boh-lin”) is a knot that can itself be tied at the middle of a rope making a fixed, secure loop at the end of the line. It retains about 60% of the line strength and has a knot efficiency of 77%. 4. Barrel Knot It is a friction knot (or slip knot) meaning that it will self-tighten around the object it is tied to when loaded. -
National Tree Climbing Guide
National Tree Climbing Guide Forest 6700 Safety and Occupational Health April 2015 Service 2470 Silviculture 1 National Tree Climbing Guide 2015 Electronic Edition The Forest Service, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), has developed this information for the guidance of its employees, its contractors, and its cooperating Federal and State agencies, and is not responsible for the interpretation or use of this information by anyone except its own employees. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this document is for the information and convenience of the reader, and does not constitute an endorsement by the Department of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. ***** USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. To file a complaint of discrimination, write: USDA, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Civil Rights, Office of Adjudication, 1400 Independence Ave., SW, Washington, DC 20250-9410 or call (866) 632-9992 (Toll-free Customer Service), (800) 877-8339 (Local or Federal relay), (866) 377-8642 (Relay voice users). Table of Contents Acknowledgments ...........................................................................................4 Chapter 1 Introduction ...................................................................................7 1.1 Training .........................................................................................7 1.2 Obtaining Climbing Equipment ....................................................8 1.3 Terms and Definitions ...................................................................8 -
Extreme Mechanics Letters the Shapes of Physical Trefoil Knots
Extreme Mechanics Letters 43 (2021) 101172 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Extreme Mechanics Letters journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/eml The shapes of physical trefoil knots Paul Johanns a, Paul Grandgeorge a, Changyeob Baek a,b, Tomohiko G. Sano a, ∗ John H. Maddocks c, Pedro M. Reis a, a Flexible Structures Laboratory, Institute of Mechanical Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland b Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA c Laboratory for Computation and Visualization in Mathematics and Mechanics, Institute of Mathematics, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland article info a b s t r a c t Article history: We perform a compare-and-contrast investigation between the equilibrium shapes of physical and Received 4 November 2020 ideal trefoil knots, both in closed and open configurations. Ideal knots are purely geometric abstractions Accepted 4 January 2021 for the tightest configuration tied in a perfectly flexible, self-avoiding tube with an inextensible Available online 16 January 2021 centerline and undeformable cross-sections. Here, we construct physical realizations of tight trefoil Keywords: knots tied in an elastomeric rod, and use X-ray tomography and 3D finite element simulation for Mechanics of knots detailed characterization. Specifically, we evaluate the role of elasticity in dictating the physical knot's Geometric knot theory overall shape, self-contact regions, curvature profile, and cross-section deformation. We compare the X-ray tomography shape of our elastic knots to prior computations of the corresponding ideal configurations. Our results Finite element modeling on tight physical knots exhibit many similarities to their purely geometric counterparts, but also some striking dissimilarities that we examine in detail. -
Flexible Object Manipulation
Dartmouth College Dartmouth Digital Commons Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Graduate Essays 2-1-2010 Flexible Object Manipulation Matthew P. Bell Dartmouth College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/dissertations Part of the Computer Sciences Commons Recommended Citation Bell, Matthew P., "Flexible Object Manipulation" (2010). Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations. 28. https://digitalcommons.dartmouth.edu/dissertations/28 This Thesis (Ph.D.) is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Graduate Essays at Dartmouth Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dartmouth College Ph.D Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Dartmouth Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLEXIBLE OBJECT MANIPULATION A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Computer Science by Matthew Bell DARTMOUTH COLLEGE Hanover, New Hampshire February 2010 Dartmouth Computer Science Technical Report TR2010-663 Examining Committee: (chair) Devin Balkcom Scot Drysdale Tanzeem Choudhury Daniela Rus Brian W. Pogue, Ph.D. Dean of Graduate Studies Abstract Flexible objects are a challenge to manipulate. Their motions are hard to predict, and the high number of degrees of freedom makes sensing, control, and planning difficult. Additionally, they have more complex friction and contact issues than rigid bodies, and they may stretch and compress. In this thesis, I explore two major types of flexible materials: cloth and string. For rigid bodies, one of the most basic problems in manipulation is the development of immo- bilizing grasps. The same problem exists for flexible objects. -
Editorializing Carol Wang the Constrictor Knot
Knot News International Guild of Knot Tyers – Pacific Americas Branch July 2011 Carol Wang-Editor ISSN 1554-1843 Issue #84 or reference. Nope. At least, not in Ashley. (Not Editorializing yet, anyway. More on that later.) Carol Wang Looking at the mechanics of the knots to see why My apologies for the lateness of the newsletter. I wi! the Ashley version works, and how my version not bother you with excuses but only promise to do my works, I figure that the crossing over the top of utmost to be more timely in the future. the simple overhand knot portion provides a compression. The more it’s tightened, the harder This issue sees the first of our Knot Tyer Profiles, it’s compressed, and the longer it holds. starting with a bang with J.D. Lenzen, author and YouTube video mainstay. An article of exploration and analysis that ends up finding a flag already planted but nevertheless enriches the knot world with new insight. We get our long promised closer look at Karl’s knotboard. Reviews of iPhone/iPad knot related apps, and the usual reporting on the activities of the branch. The Constrictor Knot--Two Versions Tig Dupré [Figure 1: Clove Hitch] One of my favorite binder knots is the Constrictor Knot (ABOK #1249). I’ve used it for More closely studied, the Ashley Constrictor many things: temporary repairs on a garden hose, seemed to have evolved from a Clove Hitch binding coiled line for over-the-shoulder travel, (Figure 1), with the running end brought back and binding leather zipper pulls. -
Rescue Knot Efficiency Revisited
Rescue Knot Efficiency Revisited By John McKently From the 2014 International Technical Rescue Symposium (ITRS) John McKently has been the Director of the CMC Rescue School since 1995 and is a long time ITRS attendee and presenter. In addition to his teaching duties, his practical rescue experience comes from 40 years as a member of the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Montrose Search and Rescue Team. OCCUPATION / AGENCIES 1. Senior Instructor: California State Fire Training • Confined Space Technician 2. Instructor: California Peace Officer Standards and Training (POST) • Search Management and Winter Search Management 3. Instructor: US Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) 4. Member: Montrose (CA) Search and Rescue Team, Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department 5. Member: California State Fire Training • Rope Rescue Technician Curriculum Development Working Group • Confined Space Technician Working Group Rescue Knot Efficiency Revisited In 1987 personnel from CMC Rescue performed tests on a variety of knots commonly used in rescue systems to determine their efficiency. The purpose of testing was as preparation for the First Edition of the CMC Rope Rescue Manual and for presentations at various industry events. Prior to this time there had been similar testing on climbing knots, but the rope used was three-strand laid rope (Goldline) and there were no details of the testing conditions or methods used, so the results were not considered repeatable or of unknown value to rescuers using low stretch ropes. Our testing was done at Wellington Puritan, a large rope manufacturer in Georgia, but no details were given about their test machine. There wasn’t any Cordage Institute #1801 standard for test methodology at the time, though the report does state that Federal Test 191A Method 6016 was used. -
Knotting Matters
Guild Supplies Price List 2004 Item Price Knot Charts Full Set of 100 charts £10.00 Individual charts £0.20 Rubber Stamp IGKT Member, with logo £4.00 (excludes stamp pad) Guild Tie Long, dark blue with Guild Logo in gold £8.95 Badges - all with Guild Logo Blazer Badge £1.00 Enamel Brooch £2.00 Windscreen Sticker £1.00 Certificate of Membership £2.50 Parchment membership scroll Signed by the President and Hon Sec For mounting and hanging Cheques payable to IGKT, or simply send your credit card details PS Don’t forget to allow for postage Supplies Secretary: - Bruce Turley 19 Windmill Avenue, Rubery, Birmingham B45 9SP email [email protected] Telephone: 0121 453 4124 Knotting Matters Magazine of the International Guild of Knot Tyers Hitched knife and sheath by Yngve Edell Issue No. 83 Back cover: Thump mat on replica ship ‘The Mathew’, Bristol President: Jeff Wyatt Secretary: Nigel Harding Editor: Colin Grundy IN THIS ISSUE Website: www.igkt.net 2004 AGM 5 Submission dates for copy Proud to be High - Pt II 7 KM 84 07 JUL 2004 KM 85 25 SEP 2004 Knotmaster 14 Alternative to Sliced Eye 16 Wine Lovers 18 Make Your Own Tools! 19 Knot Gallery 22 Ring Prusiks 28 The IGKT is a UK Registered Charity No. 802153 Lessons from the Art 30 The Bollard Loop Saga 33 Except as otherwise indicated, copyright in Knotting Matters is reserved to the My Life in Knots 37 International Guild of Knot Tyers IGKT 2004. Copyright of members articles Knotless Knots 39 published in Knotting Matters is reserved to the authors and permission to reprint Kemp’s Trident 42 should be sought from the author and editor. -
KNOTS from Combinatorics of Knot Diagrams to Combinatorial Topology Based on Knots
2034-2 Advanced School and Conference on Knot Theory and its Applications to Physics and Biology 11 - 29 May 2009 KNOTS From combinatorics of knot diagrams to combinatorial topology based on knots Jozef H. Przytycki The George Washington University Washington DC USA KNOTS From combinatorics of knot diagrams to combinatorial topology based on knots Warszawa, November 30, 1984 { Bethesda, March 3, 2007 J´ozef H. Przytycki LIST OF CHAPTERS: Chapter I: Preliminaries Chapter II: History of Knot Theory This e-print. Chapter II starts at page 3 Chapter III: Conway type invariants Chapter IV: Goeritz and Seifert matrices Chapter V: Graphs and links e-print: http://arxiv.org/pdf/math.GT/0601227 Chapter VI: Fox n-colorings, Rational moves, Lagrangian tangles and Burnside groups Chapter VII: Symmetries of links Chapter VIII: Different links with the same Jones type polynomials Chapter IX: Skein modules e-print: http://arxiv.org/pdf/math.GT/0602264 2 Chapter X: Khovanov Homology: categori- fication of the Kauffman bracket relation e-print: http://arxiv.org/pdf/math.GT/0512630 Appendix I. Appendix II. Appendix III. Introduction This book is about classical Knot Theory, that is, about the position of a circle (a knot) or of a number of disjoint circles (a link) in the space R3 or in the sphere S3. We also venture into Knot Theory in general 3-dimensional manifolds. The book has its predecessor in Lecture Notes on Knot Theory, which were published in Polish1 in 1995 [P-18]. A rough translation of the Notes (by J.Wi´sniewski) was ready by the summer of 1995.