Cultural Heritage Resource Survey
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE SURVEY 7143 Ashburn Road, 1877 BROOKLIN SECONDARY PLAN AREA TOWN OF WHITBY, ONTARIO REVISED December 2014 Prepared for: Brooklin Landowners Group Prepared by: WAYNE MORGAN HERITAGE PLANNER CULTURAL HERITAGE RESOURCE SURVEY BROOKLIN SECONDARY PLAN AREA TOWN OF WHITBY, ONTARIO December 2014 REVISED Prepared for: Brooklin Landowners Group . Prepared by: Wayne Morgan, Heritage Planner PO Box 1203, 21 Land’s End Sutton West, Ontario L0E 1R0 Telephone: 905-722-5398 E-mail [email protected] Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page i Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Town of Whitby is undertaking the Brooklin Study to prepare plans for growth management in the Brooklin area. Stage 1 involves the preparation of background studies to inform the secondary plan. The Brooklin Landowners Group is working collaboratively with the Town in preparing some background studies for Stage 1. This cultural heritage resource survey identifies cultural heritage resources in a Study Area that forms a horseshoe around the existing development in Brooklin. This survey documents existing and potential cultural heritage resources within and adjacent to the Study Area and reviews both existing and proposed heritage policies in the Town’s Official Plan and recommends additional policies for the Brooklin Secondary Plan. After a review of the historical development of the area within its larger geographic context, a survey of existing and potential heritage resources was conducted within and adjacent to the Study Area making use of various heritage lists developed by the Town, historic and recent maps of the area, historic and current aerial photographs, material in the Whitby Archives including historic photographs, a variety of published sources and area site visits. All roads within the study area were driven and, in some cases, sections walked. Existing and potential cultural heritage resources were photographed from the road except where public access was permitted. The resources were assessed based on heritage integrity and the evaluation criteria established by Provincial regulation The area, surveyed into lots and concessions in 1795, was developed largely for agricultural purposes, although two mills, one in and one adjacent to the Study Area, were developed. One of the two area railways, the Port Whitby to Port Perry Railway, had considerable local significance in its development and its attempt to define Whitby’s hinterland. Where still visible, the alignment of this railway was identified as a linear cultural heritage resource. The Study Area has remained largely rural to this day, with the cultural heritage resources being primarily farmsteads and farm houses. One school, now a community centre; one cemetery; houses associated with the mills; a farm associated with a soil conservation conference and an international ploughing match; and nine road segments were the other types of cultural heritage resources identified. Within the Study Area, 11 Built Heritage Resources and 15 Cultural Heritage Landscapes were identified. A Cultural Heritage Landscape (CHL) may include one or more built resources together with landscape features immediately around those built resources. The nine road segments were also identified as CHLs. In total, 35 properties and 9 road segments have known or potential cultural heritage values, of which 28 properties were within and 7 adjacent to the Study Area. Six additional properties in the Town’s Heritage Register do not have significant cultural heritage values. Three of the 35 properties were identified as having outstanding cultural heritage values. It is recommended that: 1. the 6 properties not having significant cultural heritage value be removed from the Register; 2. the 3 properties with outstanding cultural heritage values be designated under Part IV of the Ontario Heritage Act; 3. the Port to Port Railway alignment, where it still exists, be commemorated; 4. where possible, conserve the 9 road segments having cultural heritage value; 5. the municipality work with the owners of the 18 properties within and adjacent to the Study Area not listed in the Heritage Register to include them in the Register; 6. a heritage impact assessment be required with any planning application in the Study Area involving or adjacent to a property identified in this Survey as having a designated or potential cultural heritage resource; and 7. either the Whitby Official Plan or the Brooklin Secondary Plan include policies that define the scope and application of a heritage impact assessment. Wayne Morgan December 2014 Heritage Planner Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page ii Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario . PROJECT PERSONNEL Wayne Morgan Heritage Planner Member, Canadian Association of Heritage Professionals Member, Canadian Institute of Planner Member, Ontario Professional Planners Institute Director and Vice-President, Community Heritage Ontario Wayne Morgan December 2014 Heritage Planner Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page iii Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 2.0 DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY AREA AND ITS CONTEXT 2 2.1 Location 2 2.2 Area Character and Physiography 3 2.3 Context – General Character 4 2.4 Context – Adjacent and Nearby Heritage Properties 4 3.0 HERITAGE POLICIES 6 3.1 The Planning Act and Provincial Policy Statement (2014) 6 3.2 Ontario Heritage Act (OHA) 7 3.3 Places to Grow – Growth Plan for the Greater Golden Horseshoe 8 3.4 Greenbelt Plan 2005 8 3.5 Durham Region Official Plan 9 3.5 Whitby Official Plan 10 3.6.1 The Current Whitby Official Plan 10 3.6.2 The Proposed Whitby Official Plan 11 3.6.3 Recommended Heritage Policies for the Greater Brooklin Secondary Plan 13 4.0 METHODOLOGY 15 4.1 Town Lists 15 4.2 Maps 17 4.3 Aerial Photographs 18 4.4 Whitby Archives 19 4.5 Published Sources 19 4.6 Registry, Assessment Roll and Census Records 20 4.7 Site Visits 20 4.8 Heritage Integrity 20 4.9 Evaluation of Cultural Heritage Value 20 4.10 Road Analysis 21 5.0 HISTORICAL SUMMARY 22 5.1 Development of the Area 23 5.1.1 The Larger Geographic Area and Whitby Township 23 5.1.2 Village of Brooklin 28 6.0 SUMMARY DESCRIPTIONS OF BUILT AND LANDSCAPE RESOURCES 33 6.1 Identified Properties not having Heritage Resources 33 6.2 Identified Properties which should be Designated 34 Wayne Morgan December 2014 Heritage Planner Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page iv Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Page 6.3 Linear Landscape Cultural Heritage Features 41 6.3.1 Railways 41 6.3.2 Roads 42 6.4 Geographic Summary of Cultural Heritage Resources 44 6.4.1 North-East Section of the Study Area 44 6.4.2 North-West Section of the Study Area 44 6.4.3 West Section of the Study Area 46 6.4.4 South-West Section of the Study Area 49 6.4.5 South-East Section of the Study Area 50 7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 53 7.1 Conclusions 53 7.2 Recommendations 54 SOURCES CONSULTED 58 APPENDICIES A New Area Subject to Secondary Plan and Brooklin Landowners Group Holdings B Maps C Aerial Photographs D Inventory of Cultural Heritage Resources E Ontario Heritage Act, Regulation 9/06 F Curriculum Vitae – Wayne Morgan G Road Analysis by Study Area Quadrant H Heritage Research on Properties Recommended for Designation LIST OF FIGURES Figure 2.1 Study Area and its Context [Google Earth, 2012, image 2009]. 2 Figure 5.1 Columbus Road East, 1904 [Source: Whitby Archives] 23 Figure 5.2 Brooklin Railway Station of the Port to Port Railway, 1906 [Source: Whitby Archives] 26 Figure 5.3 Building Devil’s Den Bridge on the Canadian Northern Rail Line, 1910 [Source: Whitby Archives] 26 Figure 5.4 Construction of Highway 401/2A, 1947 [Source: Whitby Archives] 27 Wayne Morgan December 2014 Heritage Planner Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page v Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario LIST OF FIGURES (continued) page Figure 5.5 Trans-Canada Pipeline, 1956 [Source: Whitby Archives]. 27 Figure 5.6 Brooklin – Mill Street (Cassels Road) looking east from Baldwin Street, 1878 {Source: Winters, 92] 28 Figure 5.7 Baldwin Street looking north from Campbell Street, 1907 [Source: Whitby Archives] 29 Figure 5.8 Brooklin Heritage Conservation District [Source: Whitby Planning Department Brochure] 30 Figure 5.9 Approximate Location of Identified Heritage Resources within the Brooklin Built-up Area 32 Figure 6.1 7590 Garrard Road, House, West and South Elevations 34 Figure 6.2 835 Columbus Road West, House, North and West Elevations [Source: Town of Whitby]. 35 Figure 6.3 835 Columbus Road West, Entrance Driveway, 1936 [Source: Whitby Archives] 37 Figure 6.4 5360 Thickson Road North, House, North and West Elevations. 3 7 Figure 6.5 330 Winchester Road West, House, South or Principal Elevation. 39 Figure 6.6 The Port to Port Rail Alignment, 1951 and 2005. North-East. 41 Figure 6.7 Winchester Road West and Ashburn Road, 1931 [Source: Whitby Archives] 42 Figure 6.8 North East 45 Figure 6.9 North West. 47 Figure 6.10 West. 48 Figure 6.11 South West. 51 Figure 6.12 South East. 52 LIST OF TABLES Adjacent/Nearby Heritage Properties Table 2.1 5 Designated Properties within the Study Area. Table 4.1 15 “Listed “ Properties within the Study Area. Table 4.2 16 “Listed” Properties adjacent to the Study Area. Table 4.3 16 Properties of ‘interest’ within the Study Area. Table 4.4 17 Heritage Properties within the Built Area of Brooklin outside of Table 5.1 the HCD 31 Properties that should be removed from the Whitby Heritage Table 6.1 Register 33 Properties that should be designated under Part IV of the Table 6.2 Ontario Heritage Act 35 Wayne Morgan December 2014 Heritage Planner Cultural Heritage Resource Survey Page vi Brooklin Secondary Plan Area Town of Whitby, Ontario LIST OF TABLES (continued) page Table 6.3 Heritage Resources in the North-East Section of the Study Area.