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An Introduction to Organizational Behavior

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An Introduction to Organizational Behavior An Introduction to Organizational Behavior v. 1.0 This is the book An Introduction to Organizational Behavior (v. 1.0). This book is licensed under a Creative Commons by-nc-sa 3.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/ 3.0/) license. See the license for more details, but that basically means you can share this book as long as you credit the author (but see below), don't make money from it, and do make it available to everyone else under the same terms. This book was accessible as of December 29, 2012, and it was downloaded then by Andy Schmitz (http://lardbucket.org) in an effort to preserve the availability of this book. Normally, the author and publisher would be credited here. However, the publisher has asked for the customary Creative Commons attribution to the original publisher, authors, title, and book URI to be removed. Additionally, per the publisher's request, their name has been removed in some passages. More information is available on this project's attribution page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/attribution.html?utm_source=header). For more information on the source of this book, or why it is available for free, please see the project's home page (http://2012books.lardbucket.org/). You can browse or download additional books there. ii Table of Contents About the Authors................................................................................................................. 1 Acknowledgments................................................................................................................. 3 Dedications............................................................................................................................. 6 Preface..................................................................................................................................... 7 Chapter 1: Organizational Behavior ............................................................................... 10 Understanding Organizational Behavior................................................................................................... 13 Understanding Your Learning Style .......................................................................................................... 23 Understanding How OB Research Is Done................................................................................................. 27 Trends and Changes..................................................................................................................................... 33 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 42 Exercises........................................................................................................................................................ 43 Chapter 2: Managing Demographic and Cultural Diversity ...................................... 44 Demographic Diversity................................................................................................................................ 49 Cultural Diversity......................................................................................................................................... 73 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................... 85 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................... 89 Exercises........................................................................................................................................................ 90 Chapter 3: Understanding People at Work: Individual Differences and Perception ............................................................................................................................ 92 The Interactionist Perspective: The Role of Fit ........................................................................................ 96 Individual Differences: Values and Personality........................................................................................ 99 Perception................................................................................................................................................... 120 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................. 132 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 137 Exercises...................................................................................................................................................... 138 Chapter 4: Individual Attitudes and Behaviors.......................................................... 141 Work Attitudes ........................................................................................................................................... 144 Work Behaviors.......................................................................................................................................... 156 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................. 172 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 175 Exercises...................................................................................................................................................... 176 iii Chapter 5: Theories of Motivation ................................................................................ 179 Need-Based Theories of Motivation......................................................................................................... 184 Process-Based Theories............................................................................................................................. 194 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................. 212 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 215 Exercises...................................................................................................................................................... 216 Chapter 6: Designing a Motivating Work Environment ........................................... 220 Motivating Employees Through Job Design ............................................................................................ 223 Motivating Employees Through Goal Setting ......................................................................................... 237 Motivating Employees Through Performance Appraisals.....................................................................246 Motivating Employees Through Performance Incentives.....................................................................255 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................. 262 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 266 Exercises...................................................................................................................................................... 267 Chapter 7: Managing Stress and Emotions.................................................................. 269 What Is Stress? ........................................................................................................................................... 273 Avoiding and Managing Stress ................................................................................................................. 289 What Are Emotions? .................................................................................................................................. 301 Emotions at Work....................................................................................................................................... 306 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................. 314 Conclusion .................................................................................................................................................. 317 Exercises...................................................................................................................................................... 318 Chapter 8: Communication ............................................................................................. 322 Understanding Communication ............................................................................................................... 325 Communication Barriers........................................................................................................................... 330 Different Types of Communication and Channels.................................................................................. 347 The Role of Ethics and National Culture.................................................................................................
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