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Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: the Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Honors Theses Student Research 5-6-2021 Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State Keeley Harris University of Richmond Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses Part of the Political Science Commons, and the Religion Law Commons Recommended Citation Harris, Keeley, "Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State" (2021). Honors Theses. 1577. https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses/1577 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State By Keeley Harris Honors Thesis Submitted to: Jepson School of Leadership Studies University of Richmond Richmond, VA May 6, 2021 Advisor: Dr. Kristin M. S. Bezio Harris 1 Abstract Religious Tolerance and Anti-Trinitarianism: The Influence of Socinianism on English and American Leaders and the Separation of Church and State Keeley Harris Committee members: Dr. Kristin M. S. Bezio, Dr. George R. Goethals and Dr. Douglas L. Winiarski This research focuses on a sect of Christian thinkers who originated in mid-16th century Poland called Socinians. They had radical Christian views built upon ideas from humanism and the Protestant Reformation, including Anti-Trinitarianism and rejecting the divinity of Christ. -
The Arian Controversy, Its Ramifications and Lessons for the Ghanaian Church
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention ISSN (Online): 2319 – 7722, ISSN (Print): 2319 – 7714 www.ijhssi.org Volume 2 Issue 11ǁ November. 2013ǁ PP.48-54 The Arian Controversy, its Ramifications and Lessons for the Ghanaian Church IDDRISSU ADAM SHAIBU Department of Religion & Human Values, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast-Ghana ABSTRACT: The thrust of this paper is to explore the Arian controversy, the ramifications of decisions taken by the various councils on the body of Jesus Christ and the possible lessons that the Ghanaian Church can learn from these ramifications. This was done by reviewing literature on the Arian controversy. It came out that Arianism was condemned at the council of Nicaea. However, this did not end the controversy due to the inclusion of a word that was deemed unbiblical and the interferences of some Roman Emperors.The paper concludes that it is advisable that the church ought to have the capacity to deal with her internal problems without the support of a third party, especially those without any theological insight to issues of the Church. It seldom leads to cribbing, leads to negativity, breeds tension and sometimes fighting/civil war which then lead to destruction of lives and properties. I. THE GREACO-ROMAN WORLD Although, Christianity emerged in the Roman world, it matured in the world of Greek philosophy and ideas. The Greek world was one that paid much respect to philosophical sophistication. The Early Church was thus permeated and penetrated by this philosophical sophistication (Hellenism) (Weaver, 1987). The religion in its earliest form can be said to be a hellenistic movement that attracted hellenised people from different ethnic groups. -
John Chrysostom and the Transformation of the City. by Aideen M
98 JOURNAL OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY membership, as defined by Athanasius, shifted over time and according to his polemical purposes, enabling him to present all his opponents from the 330s to the late 350s as representatives of a single heretical party. Gwynn then analyses whether the actions of those whom Athanasius calls ‘the Eusebians’ provide any evidence for a unified political agenda of a single ecclesiastical party against Athanasius and his ‘orthodox’ supporters. Given the fragmentary non-Athanasian evidence for many of these activities, the results here are largely inconclusive. In the last, and longest, chapter, Gwynn determines whether ‘the Eusebians’ subscribed to ‘Arian’ theology. He first defines what he calls ‘Athanasian Arianism,’ that is, how Athanasius himself presented the theological views of Arius and his supporters. Gwynn then compares this theological construct to the known views of specific ‘Eusebians’, Arius, Asterius, Eusebius of Nicomedia, as well as to the Second Creed of the Dedication Council of Antioch in 341, maintaining that neither these ‘Eusebians’ nor the creed reflects an ‘Athanasian Arian’ theology. Gwynn then concludes that the ‘Eusebians’ did not exist as a distinct ecclesiastical party except in the polemic of Athanasius and that the monolithic ‘Arianism’ imputed to them by Athanasius does not do justice to their distinctive theologies. This is not to deny that the so-called ‘Eusebians’ shared political and theological concerns; it is to realise that Athanasius’ polemic distorts the reality. Gwynn’s monograph notes but does not address why Athanasius’s polemical construct found widespread acceptance. EMORY UNIVERSITY MARK DELCOGLIANO John Chrysostom and the transformation of the city. -
V Demig 61311511311 Xterature Nmem. Edited by Professor George
E AR LY CHR I ST I AN L I T E RAT UR E P R I ME R S . T H E A P OS T OL I C FAT H E R S AND T H E AP OL OGI S T S O F T H E S ECON D E NT U R Y - 1 80 C D . , A . 95 T H E FAT H E R S OF T H E I R E N U R Y D 1 80- 2 T H D . C T , A 3 5 T H E - 2 — . P O T E E EE H E 0 N I C N R K T R S D . S G F . III A , A 3 5 75 I n re aration p p . - - P O T E H E R D 2 0. S N I N E T I N T S . C L A FA A . 3 5 59 V dEmI 61115 113 11 xterature n mem g 3 fi fi . d ited b P ro essor GE OR E P G . FI H E R D E S . D y f , . T H E MAR 1 2 1914 P OS T -N I CE N K FAT H E R G R E E S . o E A A KS ON E V G OR GE . C . R . J N E W Y O R K : N D C O M P A N Y D . A P P L E T O N A , I A N D B O N D S R E E . -
Exiling Bishops: the Policy of Constantius II
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Classical Studies Faculty Publications Classical Studies 2014 Exiling Bishops: The olicP y of Constantius II Walter Stevenson University of Richmond, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/classicalstudies-faculty- publications Part of the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Stevenson, Walt. "Exiling Bishops: The oP licy of Canstantius II." Dumbarton Oaks Papers 68 (2014): 7-27. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Classical Studies at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Classical Studies Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Exiling Bishops: The Policy of Constantius II Walt Stevenson onstantius II was forced by circumstances to all instances in which Constantius II exiled bishops Cmake innovations in the policy that his father and focus on a sympathetic reading of his strategy.2 Constantine had followed in exiling bishops. While Though the sources for this period are muddled and ancient tradition has made the father into a sagacious require extensive sorting, a panoramic view of exile saint and the son into a fanatical demon, recent schol- incidents reveals a pattern in which Constantius moved arship has tended to stress continuity between the two past his father’s precedents to mold a new, intelligent regimes.1 This article will attempt to gather -
Eusebius and His Ecclesiastical History
1 Eusebius and His Ecclesiastical History Eusebius’s Ecclesiastical History (HE) is the most important of his many books. It created a new literary genre that would have a long and influential history. In an often-quoted statement, F. C. Baur called Eusebius the father of ecclesiastical his- tory, just as Herodotus was the father of historical writing in general.1 The Ecclesi- astical History is our single most important source for recovering the history of the first three centuries of Christianity. And it is the centerpiece of a corpus of writings in which Eusebius created a distinctive vision of the place of the Christian church in world history and God’s providential plan. A book of such significance has attracted an enormous body of commentary and analysis driven by two rather different motives. One was the value of the HE as a documentary treasure trove of partially or completely lost works. For a long time, that was the primary driver of scholarly interest. The past two generations have seen the emergence of a second trend that focuses on Eusebius as a figure in his own right, a writer of exceptional range, creativity, and productivity, and an actor on the ecclesiastical and political stage.2 How, for example, did current events shape the way Eusebius thought and wrote about the church’s past? And what can his con- struction of the past tell us in turn about Christian consciousness and ambition during a time of enormous transition? Seen from that angle, the HE becomes not a source for history but itself an artifact of history, a hermeneutical redirection that will be applied to other works of Christian historiography in this book.3 1. -
THE LOGISTICS of the FIRST CRUSADE 1095-1099 a Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Wester
FEEDING VICTORY: THE LOGISTICS OF THE FIRST CRUSADE 1095-1099 A Thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School of Western Carolina University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By William Donald O’Dell, Jr. Director: Dr. Vicki Szabo Associate Professor of Ancient and Medieval History History Department Committee Members: Dr. David Dorondo, History Dr. Robert Ferguson, History October, 2020 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my committee members and director for their assistance and encouragements. In particular, Dr. Vicki Szabo, without whose guidance and feedback this thesis would not exist, Dr. David Dorondo, whose guidance on the roles of logistics in cavalry warfare have helped shaped this thesis’ handling of such considerations and Dr. Robert Ferguson whose advice and recommendations for environmental historiography helped shaped my understanding on how such considerations influence every aspect of history, especially military logistics. I also offer my warmest regards and thanks to my parents, brothers, and extended family for their continued support. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures ................................................................................................................................ iv Abstract ............................................................................................................................................v Introduction ......................................................................................................................................1 -
ABSTRACT the Apostolic Tradition in the Ecclesiastical Histories Of
ABSTRACT The Apostolic Tradition in the Ecclesiastical Histories of Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret Scott A. Rushing, Ph.D. Mentor: Daniel H. Williams, Ph.D. This dissertation analyzes the transposition of the apostolic tradition in the fifth-century ecclesiastical histories of Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret. In the early patristic era, the apostolic tradition was defined as the transmission of the apostles’ teachings through the forms of Scripture, the rule of faith, and episcopal succession. Early Christians, e.g., Irenaeus, Tertullian, and Origen, believed that these channels preserved the original apostolic doctrines, and that the Church had faithfully handed them to successive generations. The Greek historians located the quintessence of the apostolic tradition through these traditional channels. However, the content of the tradition became transposed as a result of three historical movements during the fourth century: (1) Constantine inaugurated an era of Christian emperors, (2) the Council of Nicaea promulgated a creed in 325 A.D., and (3) monasticism emerged as a counter-cultural movement. Due to the confluence of these sweeping historical developments, the historians assumed the Nicene creed, the monastics, and Christian emperors into their taxonomy of the apostolic tradition. For reasons that crystallize long after Nicaea, the historians concluded that pro-Nicene theology epitomized the apostolic message. They accepted the introduction of new vocabulary, e.g. homoousios, as the standard of orthodoxy. In addition, the historians commended the pro- Nicene monastics and emperors as orthodox exemplars responsible for defending the apostolic tradition against the attacks of heretical enemies. The second chapter of this dissertation surveys the development of the apostolic tradition. -
Faith for Web.P65
Faith of Our Fathers: Holy Faith A HANDBOOK FOR YOUTHS The Faith of Our Fathers: Holy Faith A Handbook for Youths Editor: Fr. A. K. Cherian 61 MARY STREET TAPPAN, NEW YORK 10983 PHONE (845) 359 - 9583 Published by : Sophia Books Surya Guest Lane, Thekkenada, Kottayam Ph: 0481 - 3255054, 99471 20697 First Published : Aug. 2006 Copyright reserved Number of copies : 1000 Cover, D.T.P. & Printing : Sophia Print House, Kottayam Ph: 0481 - 3255054 Faith of Our Fathers: Holy Faith A Handbook for Youths Editor Fr. A. K. Cherian Sophia Books Kottayam - 686 001 Dedication This hand book for the youths is dedicated to the Blessed memory of the late Catholicos, His Holiness Baselios Mar Thoma Mathews II And To the present Metropolitan of American Diocese, His Grace Mathews Mar Barnabas who prayed and toiled earnestly and selflessly for the betterment and spiritual growth of the young men and women of the American Diocese. FORWARD INITIATION IN TO ORTHODOXY Dr. Gabriel Mar Gregorios Father A. K. Cherian is accomplishing an important task of conveying the faith of the Orthodox Church to the young generation of our times. The faith of our fathers / mothers is holy faith. It, as this volume very convincingly brings out, is based on the Scriptures experienced in our day to day life through liturgical celebrations, expressed in history throuth the the fathers of the Councils, lived out by the Saints and represented through various Christian arts such as icons music etc. In the Orthodox understanding Holy Sacraments are Holy Mysteries since they initiate us into the saving works of Christ. -
AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Nurgül SARAÇOĞLU PLUTARKHOS'un POLİTİKA PARANGELMATA ADLI ESERİ
AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Nurgül SARAÇOĞLU PLUTARKHOS’UN POLİTİKA PARANGELMATA ADLI ESERİNDE DEVLET ADAMLARI Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Antalya, 2016 AKDENİZ ÜNİVERSİTESİ SOSYAL BİLİMLER ENSTİTÜSÜ Nurgül SARAÇOĞLU PLUTARKHOS’UN POLİTİKA PARANGELMATA ADLI ESERİNDE DEVLET ADAMLARI Danışman Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nuray GÖKALP ÖZDİL Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Tezi Antalya, 2016 T.C. Akdeniz Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Müdürlüğüne, Nurgül SARAÇOĞLU’nun bu çalışması, jürimiz tarafından Eskiçağ Dilleri ve Kültürleri Ana Bilim Dalı Yüksek Lisans Programı tezi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Başkan : Doç. Dr. Ferit BAZ (İmza) Üye (Danışmanı) : Yrd. Doç. Dr. Nuray GÖKALP ÖZDİL (İmza) Üye : Prof. Dr. Mustafa ADAK (İmza) Tez Başlığı: Plutarkhos’un Politika Parangelmata Adlı Eserinde Devlet Adamları Onay: Yukarıdaki imzaların, adı geçen öğretim üyelerine ait olduğunu onaylarım. Tez Savunma Tarihi : 30/06/2016 Mezuniyet Tarihi : 14/07/2016 (İmza) Prof. Dr. Zekeriya KARADAVUT Müdür AKADEMİK BEYAN Yüksek Lisans Tezi olarak sunduğum “Plutarkhos’un Politika Parangelmata Adlı Eserinde Devlet Adamları” adlı bu çalışmanın, akademik kural ve etik değerlere uygun bir biçimde tarafımca yazıldığını, yararlandığım bütün eserlerin kaynakçada gösterildiğini ve çalışma içerisinde bu eserlere atıf yapıldığını belirtir; bunu şerefimle doğrularım. Nurgül SARAÇOĞLU i İ Ç İ N D E K İ L E R KISALTMALAR LİSTESİ ............................................................................................................. -
ROUTES and COMMUNICATIONS in LATE ROMAN and BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (Ca
ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY TÜLİN KAYA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SETTLEMENT ARCHAEOLOGY JULY 2020 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar KONDAKÇI Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Prof. Dr. D. Burcu ERCİYAS Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL Supervisor Examining Committee Members Prof. Dr. Suna GÜVEN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Lale ÖZGENEL (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ufuk SERİN (METU, ARCH) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ayşe F. EROL (Hacı Bayram Veli Uni., Arkeoloji) Assist. Prof. Dr. Emine SÖKMEN (Hitit Uni., Arkeoloji) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Tülin Kaya Signature : iii ABSTRACT ROUTES AND COMMUNICATIONS IN LATE ROMAN AND BYZANTINE ANATOLIA (ca. 4TH-9TH CENTURIES A.D.) Kaya, Tülin Ph.D., Department of Settlement Archaeology Supervisor : Assoc. Prof. Dr. -
St. Anthony of Padua Parish
St. Anthony of Padua Parish Mass Schedule Pastoral Staff Pastor: Fr. Dale W. Staysniak Saturday Vigil: 4:30pm, 6:00pm Parochial Vicar: Fr. Peter T. Kovacina Sunday: 8:00am,10:00am, Deacon: Rev. Mr. Gerard Blanda 12:00pm DRE/Pastoral Minister: Mr. Randy Harris, M.R.E Pastoral Minister: Sr. Roberta Goebel, OSU Monday-Friday: 7:00am, 8:00am Principal: Mr. Patrick Klimkewicz Parish Secretary: Mrs. Joyce Fanous Holy Days: Vigil - 5:30pm Music Minister: Mrs. Nancy Tabar 7:00am, 9:00am 5:30pm, 7:00pm Parish Directory Parish Address: 6750 State Road Confession Schedule Parma, Ohio 44134 Saturday: 3:00pm-4:00pm Parish Office: (440) 842-2666 or by appointment Religious Education: (440) 845-4470 Parish Office Hours: Mon /Wed/Thurs 9:00am - 7:00pm Tuesday & Friday 9:00 am - 4:00 pm Stay Connected Parish Website: stanthonypaduaparma.org parmastanthony School Directory @parmastanthony School Office: (440) 845-3444 School Website: stanthonyofpaduaschool.org Parmastanthony ST. ANTHONY OF PADUA CHURCH PARMA, OH MONDAY, FEBRUARY 4 7:00AM Leslie & Justine McCoy 8:00AM Florence Koopman TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, St. Agatha, Virgin & Martyr. Elmer East 7:00AM Celia Miller 8:00AM Ray Pfeil Alma Mitchell WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 6, St. Paul Miki & Companions, Martyrs. 7:00AM Albert Maroun 8:00AM Barbara Kutnik THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 7 7:00AM Mary Relich Contributions for January 26/27, 2019: 8:00AM Joan Page Total Offering: $14,629.44 FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 8 Sunday Collection: $10,460.88 7:00AM Jean Gurchensky Faith Direct: $4,168.56 8:00AM Helen Harlacz Poor Box: $64.00 SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 9 4:30PM William Svoboda 6:00PM For People of the Parish (living & deceased) SUNDAY, FEBRUARY 10, Fifth Sunday in Ordinary Time.