Winter/Spring 2008

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Winter/Spring 2008 NEWS FROM SUMMER HILL Winter/Spring 2008 50 years - WOW! OUR INTRODUCTIONS Time goes by fast when you’re NATIVE PLANTS Over the years, we have intro- having fun - it certainly doesn’t seem duced to the trade many new varieties as though 50 years have passed since Fifty years ago when I started - some that we discovered and some I built a little greenhouse and started Summer Hill Nursery, Taxus was the that were discovered by others but not Summer Hill Nursery. How fortunate I king and Rhododendron the queen in grown for sale. Here is a list of these was to know some of the great nurs- the nursery industry. I’m sure someone plants, plus a list of their origins and erymen of the generation before me - was growing what we now think of as short descriptions. Jim Wells, Case Hoogendoorn, Martin native plants, but I don’t remember any Acer japonica ‘Branford Beauty’ Van Hof, Hendrik Verkade, Lud Hoffman listed. I also don’t remember exactly A seedling from a tree at Ernie Egan’s and so many others willing to share when I realized that Clethra gives good Nursery that was collected by Nick their knowledge of propagation, grow- summer color and Ilex verticillata can Nickou. This is a mounding spreading ing and new plant discoveries. I could be spectacular in the fall. However, we maple with an Acer jap. ‘Aconitifolium’ tell stories for hours about how the started growing some along with Azalea type leaf. nurserymen of that generation helped viscosum. We were one of the first to Acer palmatum ‘Harriet Waldman’ me and contributed to the success of grow “native plants” and have expand- This is a very interesting Japanese Summer Hill Nursery. ed our numbers dramatically over the Maple that has variegated leaves and years. striking pink new growth in mid sum- A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY However, the question always aris- mer. It’s believed to be a seedling of A. When I started the nursery back in es - what is a native plant? One that palm. ‘Oridono Nishiki’ that was found 1957, I envisioned a field growing nurs- grows in your area or one that grows by Phil Waldman of Roslyn Nursery ery operation similar to the one I had near your area and survives your and named for his wife. been working for before I started my weather conditions? There are plants Andromeda polifolia ‘Breton Blue’ own. We rented some land and planted that grow in the Southeast and are Mike found this one in a bog on Cape Taxus, Tsuga, Thuja and Juniperus. It hardy in New England. Perhaps they Breton, Nova Scotia - good blue color wasn’t too long before deer let me were here before the last ice age and on a very low growing plant. know this was not going to work, with haven’t moved back this far North but Azalea ‘Hot Frost’ Our propaga- the exception of junipers and hem- are surviving happily at the right alti- tor, Rick Carlson, found this variegated locks, which they seemed to leave tude of the Allegheny Mountains. sport of Azalea Hot Shot. It will be intro- alone. Below is a list of native plants we duced in the summer of 2008. At the time I started, there were are growing. All are from the East Azalea mollis ‘Lemon Twist’ Mike only three other container operations in Coast, most from the Northeast and found this yellow flowered Azalea mol- New England. Cliff Corliss was growing some from the Southeast. I’ve added a lis with twisted branches when we grew a few plants in wire mesh containers few words on where they should be A. mollis from seed. that were made of hardware cloth with used, etc. Azalea mucronulatum ‘Bright a tar paper lining. Gerry Verkade in 1. Acer pensylvanicum This is an Pink’ We found this one here in a New London had quite a few contain- understory tree - it has green bark with group of A. mucronulatum liners but ers, using metal cans they bought from white stripes. The variety ‘Erythrocladum’ can’t remember where they came from. Lorio Corporation, and Arie Rader was has pink bark with white stripes - very It’s a darker pink than A. mucronulatum starting to fool around with some con- striking. ‘Cornell Pink’. tainers at Imperial Nursery. At Summer continued on page 4 continued on page 3 Hill, we tried a thousand containers our continued on page 2 1 first year (1958), all Pyracantha, which gave us expert information. I think of was popular at the time and hard to dig John Ahrens from the Connecticut for B & B. Since we had no knowledge Agricultural Experiment Station who of how to overwinter them, they all did so much work with us on herbi- died. Not too long after that, we learned cides, and John Shred who, in the their roots died at 20° above zero, and early years, helped us with our insect we had only protected them with snow problems. In general, the Connecticut fence and felt paper. Experiment Station has been able to In our second year we grew other answer many of our questions and has plants, as well as Pyracantha, in con- solved problems for us over and over tainers increasing the number to two again. We can’t thank the entire staff thousand. The containers went along enough for their help through the with landscaping, which did bring in years. some income, and the field growing I can’t say enough about the operation, which had nothing large employees we’ve had over the years, enough to sell. Overwintering contain- especially the ones that have stayed ers continued to be a problem until Ken with us for a long time. Of our 25 or so Reisch at Ohio State came up with the full time employees, 14 have worked at idea of covering plants with plastic for Summer Hill for more than 10 years - of the winter. I learned about this at a these, 6 have been here over 25 years Plant Propagator’s meeting, and when Mike in the 1960’s and 2 for more than 30 years. This loy- I came home, we took some plants possible. He was never able to get his alty to Summer Hill has made it possi- from the barn where we were overwin- wholesale nursery off the ground and ble for us to produce high quality nurs- tering them that year, covered some devote full time to growing, because he ery stock and for me to really enjoy the with plastic, and realized it worked. had monetary problems and had to nursery business. These and all our After that the container operation keep landscaping. Since I was still newer people are not only employees expanded, growing more and more single and living on about $5.00 a but friends, and I really appreciate their varieties and covering them first with week, I felt that I could probably handle effort to make us the best. plastic that was held up with cement this so I gave up the landscaping and Of course, most important are our blocks and snow fence, then graduat- increased the container production part customers. Many of our first customers ing to A-frames which were used by of the nursery in order to bring in dol- are no longer in business, but we have many nurseries throughout the country. lars faster. some that have been buying from us Finally, we went to the typical quonset By the end of the 1960’s, I had to for 45 years or so. Young’s Nurseries in hoop house. I’m not sure if it was his make the decision of whether to make Wilton, CT comes to mind, as well as own idea, but Dick Vanderbilt of Conard the nursery much larger or continue the Rosedale Nurseries in Hawthorne, NY. Pyle preached the value of using hoop same size and just try to get better. We started selling to Mahoney’s in houses to all of us in the container Since I could see the specter of work- Winchester, MA when Paul only had business - it is, of course, now stan- ing in the office rather than working one garden center. There are others, dard. with plants ahead of me if we became too many to mention, that have been It’s funny how little things can much larger, we have kept the nursery good customers for over 25 years. The change the course of your life. After I basically the same size since approxi- original owners and buyers may be had been in business a few years and mately 1970. We have added some long gone, but the businesses continue was buying some plants for a land- area but not a considerable amount. with us. We thank them, as well as our scape job from Dick Van Heiningen, he We have, however, added many, many newer customers. It is great working mentioned that if I really wanted to new varieties. with you, and we hope to do so for have a decent wholesale nursery, I Over the years, our success can many years in the future. should give up landscaping as soon as be attributed to a lot of people who - Mike Johnson Summer Hill Nursery, Inc. 888 Summer Hill Road Madison, CT 06443 Phone: 203-421-3055 FAX: 203-421-5189 www.summerhillnursery.com Spring Hours: 7:30 - 4:30 Holly Johnson - V.P. Sales & Admin. John Nassif - V.P. Production Betty Allen - Office Manager Mike Johnson - Newsletter Editor, etc.
Recommended publications
  • Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province
    Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province Including the states of: Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia And parts of: Georgia, Kentucky, and North Carolina, NAPPC South Carolina, Tennessee Table of CONTENTS Why Support Pollinators? 4 Getting Started 5 Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest 6 Meet the Pollinators 8 Plant Traits 10 Developing Plantings 12 Far ms 13 Public Lands 14 Home Landscapes 15 Bloom Periods 16 Plants That Attract Pollinators 18 Habitat Hints 20 This is one of several guides for Check list 22 different regions in the United States. We welcome your feedback to assist us in making the future Resources and Feedback 23 guides useful. Please contact us at [email protected] Cover: silver spotted skipper courtesy www.dangphoto.net 2 Selecting Plants for Pollinators Selecting Plants for Pollinators A Regional Guide for Farmers, Land Managers, and Gardeners In the Ecological Region of the Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest Coniferous Forest Meadow Province Including the states of: Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia And parts of: Georgia, Kentucky, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee a nappc and Pollinator Partnership™ Publication This guide was funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, the C.S. Fund, the Plant Conservation Alliance, the U.S. Forest Service, and the Bureau of Land Management with oversight by the Pollinator Partnership™ (www.pollinator.org), in support of the North American Pollinator Protection Campaign (NAPPC–www.nappc.org). Central Appalachian Broadleaf Forest – Coniferous Forest – Meadow Province 3 Why support pollinators? In theIr 1996 book, the Forgotten PollInators, Buchmann and Nabhan estimated that animal pollinators are needed for the reproduction “ Farming feeds of 90% of flowering plants and one third of human food crops.
    [Show full text]
  • Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States
    Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States Poisonous Plants of the Southern United States Common Name Genus and Species Page atamasco lily Zephyranthes atamasco 21 bitter sneezeweed Helenium amarum 20 black cherry Prunus serotina 6 black locust Robinia pseudoacacia 14 black nightshade Solanum nigrum 16 bladderpod Glottidium vesicarium 11 bracken fern Pteridium aquilinum 5 buttercup Ranunculus abortivus 9 castor bean Ricinus communis 17 cherry laurel Prunus caroliniana 6 chinaberry Melia azederach 14 choke cherry Prunus virginiana 6 coffee senna Cassia occidentalis 12 common buttonbush Cephalanthus occidentalis 25 common cocklebur Xanthium pensylvanicum 15 common sneezeweed Helenium autumnale 19 common yarrow Achillea millefolium 23 eastern baccharis Baccharis halimifolia 18 fetterbush Leucothoe axillaris 24 fetterbush Leucothoe racemosa 24 fetterbush Leucothoe recurva 24 great laurel Rhododendron maxima 9 hairy vetch Vicia villosa 27 hemp dogbane Apocynum cannabinum 23 horsenettle Solanum carolinense 15 jimsonweed Datura stramonium 8 johnsongrass Sorghum halepense 7 lantana Lantana camara 10 maleberry Lyonia ligustrina 24 Mexican pricklepoppy Argemone mexicana 27 milkweed Asclepias tuberosa 22 mountain laurel Kalmia latifolia 6 mustard Brassica sp . 25 oleander Nerium oleander 10 perilla mint Perilla frutescens 28 poison hemlock Conium maculatum 17 poison ivy Rhus radicans 20 poison oak Rhus toxicodendron 20 poison sumac Rhus vernix 21 pokeberry Phytolacca americana 8 rattlebox Daubentonia punicea 11 red buckeye Aesculus pavia 16 redroot pigweed Amaranthus retroflexus 18 rosebay Rhododendron calawbiense 9 sesbania Sesbania exaltata 12 scotch broom Cytisus scoparius 13 sheep laurel Kalmia angustifolia 6 showy crotalaria Crotalaria spectabilis 5 sicklepod Cassia obtusifolia 12 spotted water hemlock Cicuta maculata 17 St. John's wort Hypericum perforatum 26 stagger grass Amianthum muscaetoxicum 22 sweet clover Melilotus sp .
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants for Conservation, Restoration & Landscaping
    ABOUT THE NATIVE PLANTS FOR CONSERVATION, WHAT ARE NATIVES? For more information, refer to field guides and publications RESTORATION AND LANDSCAPING PROJECT Native species evolved within specific regions and dispersed on local natural history for color, shape, height, bloom times This project is a collaboration between the Virginia Depart- throughout their range without known human involvement. and specific wildlife value of the plants that grow in your ment of Conservation and Recreation and the Virginia Native They form the primary component of the living landscape region. Visit a nearby park, natural area preserve, forest or Plant Society. VNPS chapters across the state helped to fund and provide food and shelter for wildlife management area to learn about common plant the 2011 update to this brochure. native animal species. Native associations, spatial groupings and habitat conditions. For The following partners have provided valuable assistance plants co-evolved with specific recommendations and advice about project design, throughout the life of this project: native animals over many consult a landscape or garden design specialist with thousands to millions of experience in native plants. The฀Nature฀Conservancy฀–฀Virginia฀Chapter฀•฀Virginia฀ years and have formed Tech฀Department฀of฀Horticulture฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀of฀ complex and interdependent WHAT ARE NON-NATIVE PLANTS? Agriculture฀and฀Consumer฀Services฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀ relationships. Our native Sometimes referred to as “exotic,” “alien,” or “non- of Environmental Quality, Coastal Zone Management fauna depend on native indigenous,” non-native plants are species introduced, Program฀•฀Virginia฀Department฀of฀Forestry฀•฀Virginia฀ flora to provide food and Department฀of฀Game฀and฀Inland฀Fisheries฀•฀Virginia฀ Native intentionally or accidentally, into a new region by cover.
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Guide
    Reference Guide The Nursery Rhodos in bloom 04/10/10 Mom and Dad WinterberryWinter 2010 circa 2006 ‘m oonbeam’ Summer 2010 Twist-N-Shoutfall 2010 Dedication The Spring of 2011 will bring change to the front office of Four Seasons Nursery and Landscape Company. After 22 year of service, Charlyn Mair, a.k.a. Charlie, will be retiring for greener pastures. She and her husband Greg will be moving to Alabama to be closer to her daughter and granddaughter. Charlie was hired back in 1988 and saved from a life of slingin hash, which we kid her about to this day. Although she was green as a fresh cut tree, Charlie somehow, someway adapted to the conditions of working in a male dominated company. She became tough as nails while still maintaining her character and charm. Charlie has become so intertwined with the inner workings of Four Seasons Nursery that it’s hard to imagine her not being here. How do you replace an employee that you can not only entrust your business, but entrust your own kids to? The executives won’t admit it, but replacing Charlie is a task they never wanted to be faced with. A dedication of neither a book nor all the accolades in the world can express the appreciation Four Seasons Nursery has for Charlie. She will be dearly missed, but thankfully only a phone call away. From the bottom of our hearts, we thank you for your dedication, honesty, sense of humor, and most importantly for being you. We love you like a sister, an aunt and a mother and wish you the best of luck in your new endeavors.
    [Show full text]
  • Georgia's Forests, 2014
    United States Department of Agriculture Georgia's Forests, 2014 Thomas J. Brandeis, Joseph M. McCollum, Andrew J. Hartsell, Consuelo Brandeis, Anita K. Rose, Sonja N. Oswalt, James T. Vogt, and Humfredo Marcano Vega Forest Service Southern Research Station Resource Bulletin SRS–209 About the Authors Thomas J. Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Joseph M. McCollum is an Information Technology Specialist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Andrew J. Hartsell is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Consuelo Brandeis is a Research Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Anita K. Rose is a Research Ecologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Sonja N. Oswalt is a Forester with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. James T. Vogt is a Deputy Program Manager with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Knoxville, TN 37919. Humfredo Marcano Vega is a Research Biologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Forest Inventory and Analysis Research Work Unit, Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 00926.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Backfill Composition on Post-Transplant Root Growth of Kalmia Latifolia L
    Effect of Backfill Composition on Post-Transplant Root Growth of Kalmia latifolia L. 1 2 3 4 Amy N. Wright , Robert D. Wright , Brian E. Jackson , and Jake F. Browder Depar1ment of Horticulture Auburn University Auburn, AL 36849 ~--------------------------------Abstract---------------------------------, Post-transplant root growth is critical for landscape plant establishment. The Horhizotron™ provides a way to easily measure root growth in a wide range of rhizosphere conditions. Mountain laurel (Kalmia latifolia L.) plants were removed from their containers and planted in Horhizotrons in a greenhouse in Auburn, AL, and outdoors in Blacksburg, VA. Each Horhizotron contained four glass quadrants extending away from the root ball, and each quadrant within a Horhizotron was filled with a different substrate (treatment): 1) 100% pine bark (Pinus taeda L., PB), 2) 100% soil, 3) a mixture of 50:50 (by vol) PB:soil, or 4) 100% soil along the bottom of the quadrant to a depth of 10 em (4 in) and 100% PB layered 10 em (4 in) deep on top of the soil. Root growth along the glass panes of each quadrant was measured bi-weekly in Auburn and weekly in Blacksburg. In both locations, roots were longer in all treatments containing pine bark than in 100% soil. When pine bark was layered on top of soil, roots grew into the pine bark but did not grow into the soil. Results suggest that amending soil backfill with pine bark can increase post-transplant root growth of container-grown mountain laurel. Index words: landscape, Horhizotron™, ornamental, container-grown, mountain laurel, plant establishment, woody, native.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Benefit Plant Sale 2016 Wildflower
    Annual Benefit Plant Sale 2016 Wildflower Gardening on a higher level Celebration Sunday April 24th 10 am - 4 pm 6penG tKe Ga\ in natiYe plant paraGise anG enMo\ JarGeninJ Gemonstrations liYe performanFes plant JiYeawa\s anG free aGmission Mt. Cuba Center opens on April 1st. Visit our website for more information www.mtFubaFenter.orJ 1 %arle\ Mill 5G. +oFNessin '( 1 .. 2 2015 SPRING PLANT SALE CATALOG WEBSITE: http://ag.udel.edu/udbg/events/annualsale.html 2015 SPRING PLANT SALE CATALOG WEBSITE: http://ag.udel.edu/udbg/events/annualsale.html 3 WELCOME to the 24th annual UDBG benefit plant sale, the major source of UDBG funding each year. At the Botanic Gardens, 2016 BENEFIT PLANT SALE CATALOG our primary focus is always students and learning, and 2015 was a great year. Students are integral to almost everything we do, from project installation to plant collections care, to grounds mainte- nance, plant records management, and plant propagation, to name but a few responsibilities. They are undergraduates, graduate stu- dents, master gardeners, and volunteers, and their work is seen and appreciated by industry professionals and visitors. While the sale is a key fundraiser, I hope it is also educational for our customers. This catalog is as much an educational reference as it is a sales inventory; new plants are featured along with old favorites, and the ornamental qualities of less familiar plants are highlighted through our specially selected, featured plants. I greatly appreciate the long-term support of our Friends members. In recognition and appreciation of this support, we will again offer members 10% off their entire purchase under $100, 15% off their purchase of $100 but less than $200, and 20% off their purchase of $200 or more, all plants, all day on Members Day, Thursday only.
    [Show full text]
  • Colonial Garden Plants
    COLONIAL GARD~J~ PLANTS I Flowers Before 1700 The following plants are listed according to the names most commonly used during the colonial period. The botanical name follows for accurate identification. The common name was listed first because many of the people using these lists will have access to or be familiar with that name rather than the botanical name. The botanical names are according to Bailey’s Hortus Second and The Standard Cyclopedia of Horticulture (3, 4). They are not the botanical names used during the colonial period for many of them have changed drastically. We have been very cautious concerning the interpretation of names to see that accuracy is maintained. By using several references spanning almost two hundred years (1, 3, 32, 35) we were able to interpret accurately the names of certain plants. For example, in the earliest works (32, 35), Lark’s Heel is used for Larkspur, also Delphinium. Then in later works the name Larkspur appears with the former in parenthesis. Similarly, the name "Emanies" appears frequently in the earliest books. Finally, one of them (35) lists the name Anemones as a synonym. Some of the names are amusing: "Issop" for Hyssop, "Pum- pions" for Pumpkins, "Mushmillions" for Muskmellons, "Isquou- terquashes" for Squashes, "Cowslips" for Primroses, "Daffadown dillies" for Daffodils. Other names are confusing. Bachelors Button was the name used for Gomphrena globosa, not for Centaurea cyanis as we use it today. Similarly, in the earliest literature, "Marygold" was used for Calendula. Later we begin to see "Pot Marygold" and "Calen- dula" for Calendula, and "Marygold" is reserved for Marigolds.
    [Show full text]
  • (Kalmia Latifolia) and Sheep Laurel
    2 5 I~ IIIiI2.8 2 5 :; ""I 2.8 11111_ . 11111 . 1.0 1.0 Ii.': '= w~ ~I"~ w~ III"~ .2 L:: I~ L:: ~J~ I:.:: I:.:: ~ g~ 2.0 ~ I~ '- " '"'- " 1.1 ...... u 1.1 1jJL;.1,.\. - --- - 111111.8 111111.25 111111.4 111111.6 111111.25 111111.4 111111.6 MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS·1963-A NATIONAL BUREAU or STANDAROS·1963·A v -~========~ In~;rrm;rrE'CH~IIc.<IL BULLETIN No.. 219. ~ . DECEM.lIER, 19.'\0 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE \VASHINGTON, D. C. ~/IOUNTAIN-LAUREL (KAL1vIIA LATIFOLIA) AND SHEEP LAUREL (KAL~UA ANGcSTIFOLIA) AS STOCK-POISONING PLANTS By C. DWIGHT MARSH, Associate Physiologi<ltill C)lurgc of IIl1:('.~figatioll.~ Of Stock PoisOning by Plants, H1l(1 A. B. CLAWSON. Associate PlIY8iologist, Path. ologwal Di1/i.sion, BlIrC(llI, of Animal IlIdll,~try ~ t-= ~ l:i CO~TEXTS !'! c -' >­ rnl,",' Page !:! a: Introduction•••••, ......................... I . Discussion anel general conclusions-C'ontd. .l !-Description nnd blstory............... _.,' 1 Time [rom feeding to appearance of to:: Ul Kalmialntifolin...................... I sympto~_....................._...... 15 ~ K~IUli:l angustifoli!l.......... :1 Dumtionofslckness............ ...... 16 .. Z Expenmcntnl work........,"". ,( Remedies.... __ •_____ ................... IS ',~ - KolminlntiColia........ ... c!i Kalrn in nngustifolin.. '''",, __ , Animalsnlfccled by the plants.......... to lU 20 G hi Discussion and geneml conclusions.. Conditionsunderwhich pofsoningoccurs. ., (j Symptoms.......... .... __ ' . I:? . PoL>onin!;by ilel'h oennfmnls which have 1~ : eaten Kalmia......._.............__ ... :?O Z .. Z ~ficroscopiechnn!(esinnniruul ti~sllcS 12 I >'ummnry•.,. __ .............................. ~Q '(!:! Toxic nn'llcrhal dosage................. 11 • Literatllre cIted......__ ._.......__ •••••••••• :?t ~1 0 I') III ..: INTRODUCTION I{ahnia 7atifo7ia and g.
    [Show full text]
  • © 2014 Alicia N. Shenko ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
    © 2014 Alicia N. Shenko ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE INFLUENCE OF SMALL MAMMALS ON SUCCESSION AND RESTORATION OF POST-AGRICULTURAL WETLANDS By ALICIA NICOLE SHENKO A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution written under the direction of Dr. Rebecca C. Jordan and approved by ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ New Brunswick, New Jersey January, 2014 ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION The Influence of Small Mammals on Succession and Restoration of Post-Agricultural Wetlands by ALICIA NICOLE SHENKO Dissertation Director: Dr. Rebecca C. Jordan Advancements in modern industry and technology are creating an abundance of post-agricultural lands that are in need of skilled restoration efforts to manage the confluence of factors involved with whole-ecosystem functioning. The influence of small mammals in succession and restoration has been undervalued in traditional restoration studies. This study uses post-agricultural cranberry farms to help answer questions surrounding the role of small mammals in their succession and restoration. The first chapter investigates those species inhabiting post-agricultural wetlands and how they compare to more natural species assemblages in reference locations. Meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) were the most abundant species present and had a strong correlation to post-agricultural sites with wet habitat characteristics; the second-most abundant species present, white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus), had a strong correlation to sites with dry characteristics. Post-agricultural wetlands were more similar to each other than to any more natural reference locations.
    [Show full text]
  • Acadian-Appalachian Alpine Tundra
    Acadian-Appalachian Alpine Tundra Macrogroup: Alpine yourStateNatural Heritage Ecologist for more information about this habitat. This is modeledmap a distributiononbased current and is data nota substitute for field inventory. based Contact © Josh Royte (The Nature Conservancy, Maine) Description: A sparsely vegetated system near or above treeline in the Northern Appalachian Mountains, dominated by lichens, dwarf-shrubland, and sedges. At the highest elevations, the dominant plants are dwarf heaths such as alpine bilberry and cushion-plants such as diapensia. Bigelow’s sedge is characteristic. Wetland depressions, such as small alpine bogs and rare sloping fens, may be found within the surrounding upland matrix. In the lower subalpine zone, deciduous shrubs such as nannyberry provide cover in somewhat protected areas; dwarf heaths including crowberry, Labrador tea, sheep laurel, and lowbush blueberry, are typical. Nearer treeline, spruce and fir that State Distribution: ME, NH, NY, VT have become progressively more stunted as exposure increases may form nearly impenetrable krummholz. Total Habitat Acreage: 8,185 Ecological Setting and Natural Processes: Percent Conserved: 98.1% High winds, snow and ice, cloud-cover fog, and intense State State GAP 1&2 GAP 3 Unsecured summer sun exposure are common and control ecosystem State Habitat % Acreage (acres) (acres) (acres) dynamics. Found mostly above 4000' in the northern part of NH 51% 4,160 4,126 0 34 our region, alpine tundra may also occur in small patches on ME 44% 3,624 2,510 1,082 33 lower ridgelines and summits and at lower elevations near the Atlantic coast. NY 3% 285 194 0 91 VT 1% 115 115 0 0 Similar Habitat Types: Acadian-Appalachian Montane Spruce-Fir-Hardwood Forests typically occur downslope.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping Chesapeake Bay Watershed Acknowledgments
    U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Native Plants for Wildlife Habitat and Conservation Landscaping Chesapeake Bay Watershed Acknowledgments Contributors: Printing was made possible through the generous funding from Adkins Arboretum; Baltimore County Department of Environmental Protection and Resource Management; Chesapeake Bay Trust; Irvine Natural Science Center; Maryland Native Plant Society; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; The Nature Conservancy, Maryland-DC Chapter; U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resource Conservation Service, Cape May Plant Materials Center; and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Chesapeake Bay Field Office. Reviewers: species included in this guide were reviewed by the following authorities regarding native range, appropriateness for use in individual states, and availability in the nursery trade: Rodney Bartgis, The Nature Conservancy, West Virginia. Ashton Berdine, The Nature Conservancy, West Virginia. Chris Firestone, Bureau of Forestry, Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Chris Frye, State Botanist, Wildlife and Heritage Service, Maryland Department of Natural Resources. Mike Hollins, Sylva Native Nursery & Seed Co. William A. McAvoy, Delaware Natural Heritage Program, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control. Mary Pat Rowan, Landscape Architect, Maryland Native Plant Society. Rod Simmons, Maryland Native Plant Society. Alison Sterling, Wildlife Resources Section, West Virginia Department of Natural Resources. Troy Weldy, Associate Botanist, New York Natural Heritage Program, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. Graphic Design and Layout: Laurie Hewitt, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Chesapeake Bay Field Office. Special thanks to: Volunteer Carole Jelich; Christopher F. Miller, Regional Plant Materials Specialist, Natural Resource Conservation Service; and R. Harrison Weigand, Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Maryland Wildlife and Heritage Division for assistance throughout this project.
    [Show full text]