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The Study on Reforestation Plan in the Eastern Region, the Republic of Paraguay

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The Study on Reforestation Plan in the Eastern Region, the Republic of Paraguay No. JAPAN INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AGENCY (JICA) NATIONAL FORESTRY SERVICE (SFN) OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND LIVESTOCK (MAG), THE REPUBLIC OF PARAGUAY THE STUDY ON REFORESTATION PLAN IN THE EASTERN REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF PARAGUAY FINAL REPORT MARCH 2002 JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION (JAFTA) PASCO INTERNATIONAL INC. AFF JR 02-03 THE STUDY ON REFORESTATION PLAN IN THE EASTERN REGION, THE REPUBLIC OF PARAGUAY FINAL REPORT MARCH 2002 JAPAN FOREST TECHNOLOGY ASSOCIATION (JAFTA) PASCO INTERNATIONAL INC. PREFACE In response to the request from the Government of the Republic of Paraguay, the Government of Japan decided to conduct the Study on Reforestation Plan in the Eastern Region, the Republic of Paraguay and entrusted the study to Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). JICA sent to Paraguay a study team headed by Dr. Itsuhito Ohnuki of Japan Forest Technology Association, four (4) times between April 2000 and February 2002. The team held discussions with the officials concerned of the Government of the Republic of Paraguay, and conducted field surveys in the study area. After the team returned to Japan, further studies were made and the present report was prepared. I hope that this report will contribute to the promotion of the project and to the enhancement of friendly relations between the two countries. I wish to express my sincere appreciation to the officials concerned of the Government of the Republic of Paraguay for their close cooperation extended to the team. March, 2002 Takao Kawakami President Japan International Cooperation Agency LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL March 2002 Mr. Takao Kawakami President Japan International Cooperation Agency Tokyo, Japan Dear Ser, I am pleased to submit the Final Report for the Study on the Reforestation Plan in the Eastern Region, the Republic of Paraguay. The Report compiles the findings of the field surveys and analysis conducted between March 2000 and March 2002 and plans formulated by the Study Team. In the course of the Study, a land cover map featuring the Eastern Region has been prepared and recommended reforestation areas have been selected. The Reforestation Plan (Master Plan) has also been formulated for the purposes of sustaining forest resources and creating local employment opportunities at the same time. This Master Plan is designed to create production forests mainly in the recommended reforestation areas in the Eastern Region. Furthermore, the Five Year Reforestation Programme has been formulated to materialise projects based on the Reforestation Plan for the Eastern Region. It is my strongest hope that the Reforestation Plan will be precisely implemented through the efforts of the Government of Paraguay to enrich forest resources and to contribute to the future development of Paraguay. I would like to express my gratitude to officials of the JICA, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for their understanding of and assistance for the Study. I would also like to commend the advice and assistance provided to the Study Team by members of the JICA’s Paraguay Office, the Embassy of Japan in Paraguay and the Paraguayan Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock and other related organizations. I sincerely hope that this Report will be actively used by the JICA to materialise and promote the Reforestation Plan concerned. Very truly yours, Itsuhito Ohnuki Team Leader The Study on Reforestation Plan in the Eastern Region, the Republic of Paraguay CONTENTS SUMMARY CHAPTER 1 OUTLINE OF THE STUDY...........................................................................1 1.1 Background of the Study .............................................................................................1 1.2 Objectives of the Study................................................................................................1 1.3 Study Area ...................................................................................................................2 1.4 Scope of the Study.......................................................................................................2 1.5 Relationship Between the Study and the EDEP ..........................................................5 1.5.1 Outline of the EDEP......................................................................................5 1.5.2 Relationship Between the Planned “Afforestation Plan for the Eastern Region” and “Timber Clusters”..................................................6 CHAPTER 2 PREPARATION OF LAND COVER MAP FOR THE EASTERN REGION ..............................................................................9 2.1 Preparation of Land Cover Map ................................................................................10 2.1.1 Preliminary Analysis of Satellite Data ........................................................10 2.1.2 Field Verification Survey ............................................................................13 2.1.3 Examination of Classification Categories for Land Cover Map .................15 2.1.4 Analysis of Satellite Images and Draft Land Cover Map............................16 2.1.5 Field Verification Survey for Draft Land Cover Map (Second Field Survey) ...........18 2.1.6 Field Verification Survey Results and Their Incorporation in Analysis Work...........19 2.1.7 Finalisation of Land Cover Map..................................................................27 2.2 Forest Area: Comparison with Existing Study Results .............................................30 CHAPTER 3 SELECTION OF RECOMMENDED AFFORESTATION AREAS ...........33 3.1 Selection of Recommended Cities for Afforestation.................................................33 3.2 Selection of Recommended Afforestation Areas ......................................................36 CHAPTER 4 ANALYSIS OF CURRENT CONDITIONS OF RECOMMENDED AFFORESTATION AREAS AND THEIR SURROUNDING AREAS ......43 4.1 Current Conditions of Recommended Afforestation Areas and Their Surrounding Areas .......43 4.1.1 Natural Conditions and Socioeconomic Conditions....................................43 4.1.2 Current Conditions of Forestry....................................................................61 4.1.3 Current Conditions of Forest Products Industry..........................................91 4.2 Survey on Afforestation Intentions..........................................................................121 4.2.1 Purposes.....................................................................................................121 4.2.2 Survey Areas and Target Persons of the Survey .......................................121 4.2.3 Survey Method ..........................................................................................121 4.2.4 Survey Results...........................................................................................125 4.3 Prospects of Wood Distribution/Markets and Wood Demand ................................129 4.3.1 Prospects of Wood Distribution/Markets and Forest Products Industry ...129 4.3.2 Prospects of Wood Demand ......................................................................135 4.4 Examination of Afforestation Assistance System and Fund Raising......................138 4.4.1 Afforestation Assistance System...............................................................138 4.4.2 Fund Raising by the Government..............................................................148 CHAPTER 5 AFFORESTATION PLAN (MASTER PLAN) FOR EASTERN REGION ...........151 5.1 Basic Concept of Master Plan .................................................................................151 5.2 Target Work Volume for Afforestation...................................................................152 5.3 Management Framework.........................................................................................154 5.4 Planting Species.......................................................................................................164 5.5 Management Method...............................................................................................168 5.6 Forest Protection......................................................................................................176 5.7 Estimation of Yield..................................................................................................179 5.8 Afforestation Cost....................................................................................................185 5.9 Production of Seedlings...........................................................................................187 5.10 Estimation of Required Labour Volume .................................................................189 5.11 Implementation System ...........................................................................................190 5.12 Environmental Impacts Assessment........................................................................193 5.12.1 Administrative Bodies and Laws Concerning Environmental Impacts Assessment..........193 5.12.2 Activities Requiring Environmental Impacts Assessment ........................193 5.12.3 Environmental Impacts Assessment Process.............................................196 CHAPTER 6 FIVE YEAR AFFORESTATION PROGRAMME ....................................199 6.1 Basic Concept of Five Year Afforestation Programme.............................................199 6.2 Work Plan..................................................................................................................199
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