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The Rise of the Tenor Voice in the Late Eighteenth Century: Mozart’S Opera and Concert Arias Joshua M
University of Connecticut OpenCommons@UConn Doctoral Dissertations University of Connecticut Graduate School 10-3-2014 The Rise of the Tenor Voice in the Late Eighteenth Century: Mozart’s Opera and Concert Arias Joshua M. May University of Connecticut - Storrs, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation May, Joshua M., "The Rise of the Tenor Voice in the Late Eighteenth Century: Mozart’s Opera and Concert Arias" (2014). Doctoral Dissertations. 580. https://opencommons.uconn.edu/dissertations/580 ABSTRACT The Rise of the Tenor Voice in the Late Eighteenth Century: Mozart’s Opera and Concert Arias Joshua Michael May University of Connecticut, 2014 W. A. Mozart’s opera and concert arias for tenor are among the first music written specifically for this voice type as it is understood today, and they form an essential pillar of the pedagogy and repertoire for the modern tenor voice. Yet while the opera arias have received a great deal of attention from scholars of the vocal literature, the concert arias have been comparatively overlooked; they are neglected also in relation to their counterparts for soprano, about which a great deal has been written. There has been some pedagogical discussion of the tenor concert arias in relation to the correction of vocal faults, but otherwise they have received little scrutiny. This is surprising, not least because in most cases Mozart’s concert arias were composed for singers with whom he also worked in the opera house, and Mozart always paid close attention to the particular capabilities of the musicians for whom he wrote: these arias offer us unusually intimate insights into how a first-rank composer explored and shaped the potential of the newly-emerging voice type of the modern tenor voice. -
The Magic Flute Synopsis
Mozart’s The Magic Flute Synopsis ACT I Three ladies in the service of the Queen of the Night save the fainting Prince Tamino from a serpent (“Zu Hülfe! zu Hülfe!”). When they leave to tell the queen, the bird catcher Papageno bounces in and boasts to Tamino that it was he who killed the creature (“Der Vogelfänger bin ich ja”). The ladies return to give Tamino a portrait of the queen’s daughter, Pamina, who they say is enslaved by the evil Sarastro, and they padlock Papageno’s mouth for lying. Tamino falls in love with Pamina’s face in the portrait (“Dies Bildnis ist bezaubernd schön”). The queen, appearing in a burst of thunder, is grieving over the loss of her daughter; she charges Tamino with Pamina’s rescue (“Zum Leiden bin ich auserkoren”). The ladies give a magic flute to Tamino and silver bells to Papageno to ensure their safety, appointing three spirits to guide them (“Hm! hm! hm! hm!”). Sarastro’s slave Monostatos pursues Pamina (“Du feines Täubchen”) but is frightened away by the feather-covered Papageno, who tells Pamina that Tamino loves her and intends to save her. Led by the three spirits to the Temple of Sarastro, Tamino is advised by a high priest that it is the queen, not Sarastro, who is evil. Hearing that Pamina is safe, Tamino charms the animals with his flute, then rushes to follow the sound of Papageno’s pipes. Monostatos and his cohorts chase Papageno and Pamina but are left helpless by Papageno’s magic bells. Sarastro, entering in great ceremony (“Es lebe Sarastro”), promises Pamina eventual freedom and punishes Monostatos. -
The Magic Flute' and It’S Written by a Composer Called Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
I’VE NEVER BEEN TO THE OPERA BEFORE. WHAT’S IT GOING TO BE LIKE? It’s great fun! You can expect to hear lots of great music and acting. All operas tell a story with performers who act and sing on a stage in costume whilst a band of musicians (aka an orchestra) play along. The opera that you’ll be coming to see is called 'The Magic Flute' and it’s written by a composer called Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. E WASN'T MOZART AROUND A LONG TIME AGO? IS 'THE MAGIC FLUTE' A T REALLY OLD OPERA? U Yes, Mozart lived over 200 years ago and 'The Magic Flute' was first performed in 1791. However, all the costumes and the set are all brand spanking new and L of course all the people performing aren’t 200 years old! F The costumes, set, lighting and the way the performers act is what’s known as the production, all created by a team of people led by a director. You’ll be coming to see a new production of 'The Magic Flute' today. If you see another C production of 'The Magic Flute' in the future, it’ll look totally different to this one! I G IS THE WHOLE OF 'THE MAGIC FLUTE' SUNG? A Not all of it. 'The Magic Flute' is a type of German opera called a ‘singspiel’ M which means there are several moments where the performers speak instead of singing. E DOES THIS MEAN THAT THE OPERA WILL BE IN GERMAN? H Yes it does! But don’t worry. -
Major Themes in the Magic Flute Filled with Ritual and Symbolism
Major Themes in The Magic Flute Filled with ritual and symbolism, Mozart’s final masterpiece is a playful but profound look at man's search for love and his struggle to attain wisdom and virtue. From the virtuosic arias of the Queen of the Night to the folksong-like melodies of the bird catcher Papageno, the full range of Mozart's miraculous talent is on display in this magical fairy-tale opera. That The Magic Flute is a barely veiled Masonic allegory cannot be doubted. It acts, in fact, as a kind of introduction to the secret society. Its story celebrates the main themes of masonry: good vs. evil, enlightenment vs. ignorance, and the virtues of knowledge, justice, wisdom and truth. The evocation of the four elements (earth, air, water and fire), the injunction of silence in the Masonic ritual, the figures of the bird, the serpent and the padlock as well as the ‘rule of three’ all play important roles in the plot or in the musical fabric of the opera (three ‘Ladies’, three ‘Boys’, three loud chords at the beginning of the overture signifying the three ‘knocks’ of the initiates at the temple, three temples, the three flats of E-flat Major which is the primary tonality of the work, etc.) All of these symbols and characteristics come from Egyptian lore and the various original texts of Masonry; hence the opera’s libretto is set in Egypt, although many productions eschew that specification. Sources: operapaedia.org & sfopera.com Definition of Freemasonry (the Masonic order) Freemasonry is a fraternal organization that arose from obscure origins in the late 16th to early 17th century. -
Mozart's Operas, Musical Plays & Dramatic Cantatas
Mozart’s Operas, Musical Plays & Dramatic Cantatas Die Schuldigkeit des ersten Gebotes (The Obligation of the First and Foremost Commandment) Premiere: March 12, 1767, Archbishop’s Palace, Salzburg Apollo et Hyacinthus (Apollo and Hyacinth) Premiere: May 13, 1767, Great Hall, University of Salzburg Bastien und Bastienne (Bastien and Bastienne) Unconfirmed premiere: Oct. 1768, Vienna (in garden of Dr Franz Mesmer) First confirmed performance: Oct. 2, 1890, Architektenhaus, Berlin La finta semplice (The Feigned Simpleton) Premiere: May 1, 1769, Archbishop’s Palace, Salzburg Mitridate, rè di Ponto (Mithridates, King of Pontus) Premiere: Dec. 26, 1770, Teatro Regio Ducal, Milan Ascanio in Alba (Ascanius in Alba) Premiere: Oct. 17, 1771, Teatro Regio Ducal, Milan Il sogno di Scipione (Scipio's Dream) Premiere: May 1, 1772, Archbishop’s Residence, Salzburg Lucio Silla (Lucius Sillus) Premiere: Dec. 26, 1772, Teatro Regio Ducal, Milan La finta giardiniera (The Pretend Garden-Maid) Premiere: Jan. 13, 1775, Redoutensaal, Munich Il rè pastore (The Shepherd King) Premiere: April 23, 1775, Archbishop’s Palace, Salzburg Thamos, König in Ägypten (Thamos, King of Egypt) Premiere (with 2 choruses): Apr. 4, 1774, Kärntnertor Theatre, Vienna First complete performance: 1779-1780, Salzburg Idomeneo, rè di Creta (Idomeneo, King of Crete) Premiere: Jan. 29, 1781, Court Theatre (now Cuvilliés Theatre), Munich Die Entführung aus dem Serail (The Abduction from the Seraglio) Premiere: July 16, 1782, Burgtheater, Vienna Lo sposo deluso (The Deluded Bridegroom) Composed: 1784, but the opera was never completed *Not performed during Mozart’s lifetime Der Schauspieldirektor (The Impresario) Premiere: Feb. 7, 1786, Palace of Schönbrunn, Vienna Le nozze di Figaro (The Marriage of Figaro) Premiere: May 1, 1786, Burgtheater, Vienna Don Giovanni (Don Juan) Premiere: Oct. -
A European Singspiel
Columbus State University CSU ePress Theses and Dissertations Student Publications 2012 Die Zauberflöte: A urE opean Singspiel Zachary Bryant Columbus State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/theses_dissertations Part of the Music Commons Recommended Citation Bryant, Zachary, "Die Zauberflöte: A urE opean Singspiel" (2012). Theses and Dissertations. 116. https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/theses_dissertations/116 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications at CSU ePress. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSU ePress. r DIE ZAUBEFL5TE: A EUROPEAN SINGSPIEL Zachary Bryant Die Zauberflote: A European Singspiel by Zachary Bryant A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements of the CSU Honors Program for Honors in the Bachelor of Arts in Music College of the Arts Columbus State University Thesis Advisor JfAAlj LtKMrkZny Date TttZfQjQ/Aj Committee Member /1^^^^^^^C^ZL^>>^AUJJ^AJ (?YUI£^"QdJu**)^-) Date ^- /-/<£ Director, Honors Program^fSs^^/O ^J- 7^—^ Date W3//±- Through modern-day globalization, the cultures of the world are shared on a daily basis and are integrated into the lives of nearly every person. This reality seems to go unnoticed by most, but the fact remains that many individuals and their societies have formed a cultural identity from the combination of many foreign influences. Such a multicultural identity can be seen particularly in music. Composers, artists, and performers alike frequently seek to incorporate separate elements of style in their own identity. One of the earliest examples of this tradition is the German Singspiel. -
W. A. Mozart, Die Entführung 3 Es Darf Hier Nicht Verschwiegen Werden, Dass an Der Aus Dem Serail
W. A . M O Z A R T Die Entführung aus dem Serail The Abduction from the Seraglio KV 384 Herausgegeben von / Edited by Gerhard Croll Urtext der Neuen Mozart-Ausgabe Urtext of the New Mozart Edition Bärenreiter Kassel · Basel · London · New York · Prag TP 311 VORWORT Mit dem Blick auf die ersten anderthalb Jahre vorangetriebene Arbeit ins Stocken kommen Mozarts in Wien (Mai 1781 bis August 1782) und sich dann so lange hinziehen. Zunächst erscheint uns die Entführung wie eingespannt die von Mozart für die Fertigstellung der drei zwischen zwei für Mozart lebensentscheidende Aufzüge mitgeteilten Daten: Daten und Ereignisse: Auf der einen Seite der 30. Juli 1781: Beginn der Arbeit (Brief vom Bruch mit dem Erzbischof, die Befreiung vom 1. August 1781). Salzburger Hofdienst (9. und 10. Mai 1781); auf 22. August 1781: „der erste Ackt von der opera der anderen die Hochzeit mit Constanze Weber ist nun fertig.“ (4. August 1782) und, wenn nicht ein „Bruch“, 7. Mai 1782: Mozart hat der Gräfin Thun den so doch ein Zerwürfnis mit dem Vater und, „2:t Ackt vorgeritten“ (Brief vom 8. Mai nach monatelanger Auseinandersetzung, die 1782). Loslösung von ihm. Schließlich – und das muss 30. Mai 1782: Mozart spielt der Gräfin Thun hier andeutend für den größeren biographi- „den 3:ten Ackt“ vor (Brief vom 29. Mai schen Zusammenhang genügen – fällt in die 1782). letzte Phase der Arbeit an der Entführung die für den Komponisten Mozart so wichtige Be- Anfangs hatte es so ausgesehen, als ob Mozart gegnung mit Musik von Händel und Bach bei die Musik zu dem ihm von Gottlieb Stephanie Gottfried van Swieten. -
Leopold and Wolfgang Mozart's View of the World
Between Aufklärung and Sturm und Drang: Leopold and Wolfgang Mozart’s View of the World by Thomas McPharlin Ford B. Arts (Hons.) A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy European Studies – School of Humanities and Social Sciences University of Adelaide July 2010 i Between Aufklärung and Sturm und Drang: Leopold and Wolfgang Mozart’s View of the World. Preface vii Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Leopold Mozart, 1719–1756: The Making of an Enlightened Father 10 1.1: Leopold’s education. 11 1.2: Leopold’s model of education. 17 1.3: Leopold, Gellert, Gottsched and Günther. 24 1.4: Leopold and his Versuch. 32 Chapter 2: The Mozarts’ Taste: Leopold’s and Wolfgang’s aesthetic perception of their world. 39 2.1: Leopold’s and Wolfgang’s general aesthetic outlook. 40 2.2: Leopold and the aesthetics in his Versuch. 49 2.3: Leopold’s and Wolfgang’s musical aesthetics. 53 2.4: Leopold’s and Wolfgang’s opera aesthetics. 56 Chapter 3: Leopold and Wolfgang, 1756–1778: The education of a Wunderkind. 64 3.1: The Grand Tour. 65 3.2: Tour of Vienna. 82 3.3: Tour of Italy. 89 3.4: Leopold and Wolfgang on Wieland. 96 Chapter 4: Leopold and Wolfgang, 1778–1781: Sturm und Drang and the demise of the Mozarts’ relationship. 106 4.1: Wolfgang’s Paris journey without Leopold. 110 4.2: Maria Anna Mozart’s death. 122 4.3: Wolfgang’s relations with the Weber family. 129 4.4: Wolfgang’s break with Salzburg patronage. -
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Works for the Stage
New Mozart Edition II/5/3 Bastien a nd Bastienne WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART Series II Works for the Stage WORK GROUP 5: OPERAS AND SINGSPIELS VOLUME 3: BASTIEN AND BASTIENNE PRESENTED BY RUDOLPH ANGERMÜLLER 1974 International Mozart Foundation, Online Publications III New Mozart Edition II/5/3 Bastien a nd Bastienne Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (New Mozart Edition)* WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART The Complete Works BÄRENREITER KASSEL BASEL LONDON En coopération avec le Conseil international de la Musique Editorial Board: Dietrich Berke Wolfgang Plath Wolfgang Rehm Agents for BRITISH COMMONWEALTH OF NATIONS: Bärenreiter Ltd. London BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND: Bärenreiter-Verlag Kassel SWITZERLAND and all other countries not named here: Bärenreiter-Verlag Basel As a supplement to each volume a Critical Report (Kritischer Bericht) in German is available The editing of the NMA is supported by City of Augsburg City of Salzburg Administration Land Salzburg City of Vienna Konferenz der Akademien der Wissenschaften in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, represented by Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur Mainz, with funds from Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie, Bonn and Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Unterricht und Kultus Ministerium für Kultur der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik Bundesministerium für Unterricht und Kunst, Vienna * Hereafter referred to as the NMA. The predecessor, the "Alte Mozart-Edition" (Old Mozart Edition) is referred to as the AMA. International Mozart Foundation, Online Publications IV New Mozart Edition II/5/3 Bastien a nd Bastienne CONTENTS Editorial Principles ……………..…………………………………………………….. VI Foreword………….…………………….……………………………………………… VII Facsimile: First page of the autograph…………………………………………………… XV Facsimile: First page of the copy made from the autograph…………………………….. XVI Facsimile: Piano score by Leopold Mozart for No. -
Overture to the Marriage of Figaro
Integrated subject areas: Music English Language Arts Overture to The Marriage Social Emotional Learning of Figaro: Compare and Grade(s): 4-6 Lesson length: 40 minutes Contrast Instructional objectives: Students will: Learn about Mozart’s life DESCRIPTION Identify basic musical elements: tempo, dynamics, instrumentation and melody Compare and contrast two different musical styles using Students will listen to two pieces of music with similar melodies, but in the same basic melody completely different styles. One piece is the overture to The Marriage of Compose a review as a music Figaro, an opera in four acts written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1786. critic The other is a modern interpretation of the same piece of music by the East Village Opera Company. Materials: Musical recordings of the Students will explore instrumentation, tempo, dynamics, and style used featured repertoire listed within these two pieces. above Sound system for musical Assessment Strategies excerpts of concert repertoire (e.g. laptop and speakers, In this lesson, students should be able to successfully do the following: iPhone® dock, Spotify®, etc) discuss basic musical elements such as tempo, dynamics, instrumentation Paper and writing utensil and melody; differentiate between two musical works with the same melody but very different styles, through class discussion and a writing Featured Repertoire*: assignment. Learn more about assessment strategies on page 5. Mozart – Overture to The Marriage of Figaro Learning Standards East Village Opera Company – Overture Redux (Le Nozze Di This lesson uses Common Core and National Core Arts Anchor Figaro) Standards. You can find more information about the standards featured in this lesson on page 4. -
Der Schauspieldirektor
DER SCHAUSPIELDIREKTOR Komödie mit Musik. Text Johann Gottlieb Stephanie Musik Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Uraufführung: 7. Februar 1786, Wien. www.operalib.eu 1 / 30 Informazioni Der Schauspieldirektor Cara lettrice, caro lettore, il sito internet www.librettidopera.it è dedicato ai libretti d©opera in lingua italiana. Non c©è un intento filologico, troppo complesso per essere trattato con le mie risorse: vi è invece un intento divulgativo, la volontà di far conoscere i vari aspetti di una parte della nostra cultura. Motivazioni per scrivere note di ringraziamento non mancano. Contributi e suggerimenti sono giunti da ogni dove, vien da dire «dagli Appennini alle Ande». Tutto questo aiuto mi ha dato e mi sta dando entusiasmo per continuare a migliorare e ampliare gli orizzonti di quest©impresa. Ringrazio quindi: chi mi ha dato consigli su grafica e impostazione del sito, chi ha svolto le operazioni di aggiornamento sul portale, tutti coloro che mettono a disposizione testi e materiali che riguardano la lirica, chi ha donato tempo, chi mi ha prestato hardware, chi mette a disposizione software di qualità a prezzi più che contenuti. Infine ringrazio la mia famiglia, per il tempo rubatole e dedicato a questa attività. I titoli vengono scelti in base a una serie di criteri: disponibilità del materiale, data della prima rappresentazione, autori di testi e musiche, importanza del testo nella storia della lirica, difficoltà di reperimento. A questo punto viene ampliata la varietà del materiale, e la sua affidabilità, tramite acquisti, ricerche in biblioteca, su internet, donazione di materiali da parte di appassionati. Il materiale raccolto viene analizzato e messo a confronto: viene eseguita una trascrizione in formato elettronico. -
CHAN 3093 BOOK.Qxd 11/4/07 3:30 Pm Page 2
CHAN 3093 Book Cover.qxd 11/4/07 3:23 pm Page 1 GREAT OPERATIC ARIAS GREAT OPERATIC ARIAS CHAN 3093 CHANDOS O PERA IN DIANA MONTAGUE ENGLISH 2 PETER MOORES FOUNDATION CHAN 3093 BOOK.qxd 11/4/07 3:30 pm Page 2 Diana Montague at the recording sessions Cooper Bill Great Operatic Arias with Diana Montague 3 CHAN 3093 BOOK.qxd 11/4/07 3:30 pm Page 4 Time Page Time Page Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791) from Atalanta from The Marriage of Figaro Meleagro’s aria (Care selve) Cherubino’s Aria (Non so più) 6 ‘Noble forests, sombre and shady’ 2:05 [p. 46] Alastair Young harpsichord • Susanne Beer cello 1 ‘Is it pain, is it pleasure that fills me’ 3:07 [p. 44] from The Clemency of Titus Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Sextus’s Aria (Parto, parto) from Così fan tutte 2 6:39 [p. 44] ‘Send me, but, my beloved’ Fiordiligi, Dorabella and Don Alfonso’s Trio (Soave sia il vento) Christoph Willibald von Gluck (1714–1787) 7 ‘Blow gently, you breezes’ 3:33 [p. 46] with Orla Boylan soprano • Alan Opie baritone from Iphigenia in Tauris Priestesses’ Chorus and Iphigenia’s Aria (O malheureuse Iphigénie!) Dorabella’s Recitative and Aria (Smanie implacabili) 3 ‘Farewell, beloved homeland’ – 8 ‘Ah! Leave me now’ – ‘No hope remains in my affliction’ 4:56 [p. 45] ‘Torture and agony’ 3:39 [p. 46] with Geoffrey Mitchell Choir Dorabella and Fiordiligi’s Duet (Prenderò quel brunettino) Iphigenia’s Aria (Je t’implore et je tremble) 9 ‘I will take the handsome, dark one’ 3:07 [p.