DOCSLIB.ORG

THE SLOPE (Paleocene) and BULLION CREEK (PALEOCENE) FORMATIONS of NORTH DAKOTA

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
THE SLOPE (Paleocene) and BULLION CREEK (PALEOCENE) FORMATIONS of NORTH DAKOTA THE SLOPE (pALEOCENE) AND BULLION CREEK (PALEOCENE) FORMATIONS OF NORTH DAKOTA by Lee Clayton, C. G. Carlson, Walter L. Moore, Gerald Groenewold, F. D. Holland, Jr., and Stephen R. Moran REPORT OF INVESTIGATION NO. 59 NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY E. A. Noble, State Geologist 1977 THE SLOPE (PALEOCENE) AND BULLION CREEK (PALEOCENE) FORMATIONS OF NORTH DAKOTA by Lee Clayton, C. G. Carlson, Walter L. Moore, Gerald Groenewold, F. D. Holland, Jr., and Stephen R. Moran REPORT OF INVESTIGATION NO. 59 NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY E. A. Noble, State Geologist 1977 Printed by Kaye's Inc. CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT . 1 INTRODUCTION . .. 1 THE LUDLOW PROBLEM .... 1 SLOPE FORMATION (NEW NAME) ............................ 7 Source of name 7 Type area and section .................................. .. 7 Description ............................ .......... .. 7 Contacts 7 Thickness and regional extent 7 Differentiation . .. 9 THE TONGUE RIVER PROBLEM . 9 BULLION CREEK FORMATION (NEW NAME) . 10 Source of name . 10 Type area and section , .,. 10 Description 10 Contacts 10 Regional extent. ............................... .. 10 Thickness ................................. .. ..... 10 Differentiation . .. 10 REFERENCES ... .. 13 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Stratigraphic column incorporating revisions of the Fort Union Group as proposed in this paper 2 2. Location map 3 3. Generalized stratigraphic section from the North Cave Hills, South Dakota . 5 4. Diagrammatic cross sections showing alternative solutions to the Ludlow problem 6 5. Type section of the Slope Formation ..... 8 6. Type section of the Bullion Creek Formation 11 ABSTRACT The Slope Formation is a drab-colored, lignite-bearing sequence that Stratigraphic problems in correlating overlies either the Cannonball Formation the Ludlow and Tongue River Formations or the Ludlow Formation. It is separated between North Dakota and adjacent areas from the similar-looking, underlying are best resolved by a revision of the Ludlow Formation strata by the T Cross nomenclature and the introduction of two bed, which occurs at the top of the new formation names, the $lope Formation Ludlow. The sequence that is included in and the Bullion Creek Formation. The the Slope Formation has, in the past, been newly defined Slope Formation considered to be equivalent to the upper (Paleocene) consists of strata that have part of the Ludlow Formation or to part of been considered to be the upper part of the the Tongue River Formation. Ludlow Formation or part of the Tongue The Bullion Creek Formation consists River Formation. The newly defined of a bright-colored, lignite-bearing sequence Bullion Creek Formation (Paleocene) that occurs beneath the drab-colored consists of strata that have been considered Sentinel Butte Formation and above the to be equivalent to either the entire Tongue white marker zone at the top of the Slope River Formation or to the lower, middle, Formation. The sequence has been or upper part of the Tongue River considered to be equivalent to either the Formation. en t ire Tongue River Formation or, variously, to the lower, middle, or upper INTRODUCTION parts of the Tongue River Formation. Over the years, many attempts have been made to correlate the complex THE LUDLOW PROBLEM sequence of continental deposits that make up the Fort Union Group over areas in The Ludlow was introduced by Lloyd which surface exposures are scarce and and Hares (1915) as a lignitic member testhole data were lacking. Most of the between the "Cannonball and Hell Creek Upper Cretaceous and Tertiary formations members of the Lance Formation" in in western North Dakota were introduced northwestern South Dakota and without designating specific type sections, southwestern North Dakota. Hares states and these poorly defined fonnation terms that the type locality is near the Ludlow have commonly been extended great post office (1928, p. 24) and later states (p. distances to other areas from their original 47) that the Giannonatti bed of localities without the benefit of detailed northwestern South Dakota corresponds to correlation or specific criteria for the T Cross bed of southwestern North recognition of formational boundaries. This Dakota. Hares restricted the term "Ludlow has led to placing contacts at different member" to bed'S below the "Cannonball horizons in different areas. member" in South Dakota; he mapped the With the completion of detailed field top of the Ludlow at a higher horizon in studies of Fort Union Group strata in western North Dakota. He considered a southwestern North Dakota and nearby sandstone bed to be the base of his areas recently, numerous stratigraphic "Tongue River member of the Fort Union inconsistencies have become apparent. Formation" in the Marmarth area, Several stratigraphic problems have arisen considering it to be similar to a sandstone in correlating the Ludlow and Tongue bed overlying the "Cannonball member" in River Formations between North Dakota exposures along the Cannonball River. and adjacent South Dakota and Montana. Moore (1976, p. 35), in detailed These problems can be best resolved by studies of these strata in Slope County (fig. revising the nomenclature and by 2), recognized a "white siliceous bed," introducing two new formation names, the which he described as aphanitic to Slope Formation and the Bullion Creek fine-grained quartz, a few centimetres to a Formation (fig. 1). few metres thick, white on fresh fractures, 2 White River Group Oligocene Golden Valley Formation Eocene Sentinel Butte Fm. >­ a. ~ ::J c ...0 Bu II ion Creek Fm. .­ (!) ~ - CI) c t- o Slope Fm. Paleocene c :::> -... Cannonball Fm. u..0 Ludlow Fm. Hell Creek Formation Cretaceous Figure 1. Stratigraphic column incorporating revisions of the Fort Union Group as proposed in this paper. but buff or yellowish on weathered Creek in Slope Coonty. Also, the lower surfaces. The siliceous bed is commonly member of the Golden Valley Formation, overlain by lignite or Iignitic shale, and it where the whitish silty clay is capped by a overlies a variety of sedimen t types, which siliceous bed such as at Pretty Rock Butte are bleached white. The bleached zone (T131N, R89W), is similar in appearance, ranges from a few centimetres to as much but it is separated from the white marker as ten metres thick. Moore found this white zone by a stratigraphic interval sufficiently marker zone to be a useful marker for the thick to eliminate the possibility of top of the Ludlow in Slope County, confusion. Siliceous zones bearing petrified although he noted that Hares (p. 48) wood also occur at various horizons within considered this "quartzite" marker to be the lignite-bearing strata. These are not just below the H bed, about 60 feet above associated with white bleached zones, so the base of his Tongue River in the they are not likely to be confused with the Marmarth area. Carlson, in agreement with white marker zone. White siliceous beds Moore, found the white marker zone to be about 50 to 80 feet above typical a useful marker in mapping the contact Cannonball Formation sediment in areas of between the Ludlow and Tongue River poor bedrock exposures in Adams, Grant, Formations in Bowman, Adams, Grant, and and Morton Counties (fig. 2) are considered Morton Counties. to be equivalent to the white marker zone. The white marker zone is relatively Moore divided the Ludlow into lower persistent, but it is not unique within the and upper units, with the T Cross bed as lignite-bearing zone. Moore noted small the base of the upper unit. He noted surface exposures of a similar material well brackish-water units in Slope County. A 3­ below the white marker zone along Horse to 6-foot-thick bed of clay directly overlies 3 EXPLANATION • TYPE SECTION BULLION CREEK FORMATION & TYPE SECTION SLOPE FORMATION x EXPOSURES OF WHITE MARKER ZONE @ TYPE AREA OF LUDLOW FORMATION ~""""" ~/ '-...... '-­ ~~ , 1------------\ r ,;~-...Jr) ! Me KEN Z I E I , ----I ~ L_-, I Me LEAN I ,I'" 1"'''°""" "V£H :'",--,--( . --__ -1.. DUN N !.., MER C E R '- Wo.~llurn -' i! ! I ---~ '1 I I I I I I ...--' i ,BILLINGS, I 'OLIVER \7r-. I I I 1_ I II -J U\ i;AOLl~i~-! l--L--~D;k,n.on ',--------- \ \ lIt STARK I 1 !_8~'~ '" 'BULLIOJ I M 0 R T ~ N ~ ,..I-I\.. BUTTE I ~ " ----T:-~::GER-I-------i )~ ! i -II (HOff E 'Ir S LOP E. I .~ G RAN T,l~ FR:EK ~_ ..K i I C'4NNON'~LL I_-)I/~~~l <t j;;iGr-niGri"-; ---rl------~I Z. 1 II II I .,/ i I Cl II I ADAMS II I ·p~~Ul f, 1-1 8 OW MAN II, II ..---....-" ...... IIU~... S IOU x \ i---~~RTH -~------Jr---II-.!'-----Ii~~~ ~---~::~~~-----J : I CAVE -Ludlow HILLS ::i I HARDING I 1 I Figure 2. Map of southwest North Dakota and Harding County, South Dakota showing locations of type sections for the Bullion Creek and Slope Fonnations and type area for the Ludlow Fonnation. Exposures of the white marker zone are designa ted by crosses. 4 the T Cross bed and an "oyster clay brackish-water clay; this has been used to and lignite" bed occurs approximately 1SO divide the Ludlow into upper and lower feet above the T Cross bed. The white members. Alternative D represents current marker zone is well above the brackish beds practice in westem North Dakota, except in this area. In South Dakota, the Ludlow that Ludlow is restricted to the western has been limited to the nonmarine strata area; and new names are introduced for the between the Hell Creek and cannonball nonmarine strata above and below the strata. In the absence of cannonball strata, Cannonball Formation to the east. a sandstone bed near the horizon of the Alternative E would restrict Ludlow to the Giannonatti bed has been considered to be strata between the Hell Creek and the base of the Tongue River. The white Cannonball Formations. It would introduce marker zone is present in the North Cave a new name for the strata between the Hills of South Dakota (fig.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • L'.3350 Deposmon and DISSOLUTION of the MIDDLE DEVONIAN PRAIRIE FORMATION, Williston BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA and MONTANA By
    l'.3350 DEPOsmON AND DISSOLUTION OF THE MIDDLE DEVONIAN PRAIRIE FORMATION, WilLISTON BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA AND MONTANA by: Chris A. Oglesby T-3350 A thesis submined to the Faculty and the Board of Trustees of the Colorado School of Mines in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Geology). Golden, Colorado Date f:" /2 7 /C''i::-- i ; Signed: Approved: Lee C. Gerhard Thesis Advisor Golden, Colorado - 7 Date' .' Samuel S. Adams, Head Department of Geology and Geological Engineering II T-3350 ABSTRACf Within the Williston basin, thickness variations of the Prairie Formation are common and are interpreted to originate by two processes, differential accumulation of salt during deposition, and differential removal of salt by dissolution. Unambiguous evidence for each process is rare because the Prairie/Winnipegosis interval is seldom cored within the U.S. portion of the basin. Therefore indirect methods, utilizing well logs, provide the principal method for identifying characteristics of the two processes. The results of this study indicate that the two processes can be distinguished using correlations within the Prairie Formation. Several regionally correlative upward-brining, and probably shoaling-upward sequences occur within the Prairie Formation .. Near the basin center, the lowermost sequence is transitional with the underlying Winnipegosis Formation. This transition is characterized by thinly laminated carbonates that become increasingly interbedded with anhydrites of the basin-centered Ratner Member, the remainder of the sequence progresses up through halite and culminates in the halite-dominated Esterhazy potash beds. Two overlying sequences also brine upwards, however, these sequences lack the basal anhydrite and instead begin with halite and culminate in the Belle Plaine and Mountrail potash Members, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of Mineral Resource Information for the Fort Berthold Indian Reservation, North Dakota
    STATUS OF MINERAL RESOURCE INFORMATION FOR THE FORT BERTHOLD INDIAN RESERVATION, NORTH DAKOTA By Bradford B. Williams Mary E. Bluemle U.S. Bureau of Mines N. Dak. Geological Survey Administrative report BIA-40 1978 CONTENTS SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS ................................................. 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................ 1 Area Location and Access .................................................... 1 Past Investigations .......................................................... 2 Present Study and Acknowledgments ........................................... 2 Land Status................................................................ 2 Physiography .............................................................. 3 GEOLOGY ..................................................................... 4 Stratigraphy ............................................................... 4 Subsurface .......................................................... 4 Surface ............................................................. 4 General ....................................................... 4 Bullion Creek and Sentinel Butte Formations ......................... 8 Golden Valley Formation......................................... 9 Cole Harbor Formation .......................................... 9 Structure................................................................. 10 MINERAL RESOURCES ......................................................... 11 General .................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/NRPC/GRD/NRR—2007/006 THIS PAGE: The Little Missouri River flows near the Juniper Campground in the North Unit of Theodore Roosevelt NP, ND. ON THE COVER: View from the Oxbow Overlook Theodore Roosevelt NP, ND. Photos by: Dave Krueger Theodore Roosevelt National Park Geologic Resource Evaluation Report Natural Resource Report NPS/WASO/NRPC/GRD—2007/006 Geologic Resources Division Natural Resource Program Center P.O. Box 25287 Lakewood, Colorado 80225 June 2007 U.S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. The Natural Resource Publication series addresses natural resource topics that are of interest and applicability to a broad readership in the National Park Service and to others in the management of natural resources, including the scientific community, the public, and the NPS conservation and environmental constituencies. Manuscripts are peer- reviewed to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and is designed and published in a professional manner. Natural Resource Reports are the designated medium for disseminating high priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. Examples of the diverse array of reports published in this series include vital signs monitoring plans; "how to" resource management papers; proceedings of resource management workshops or conferences; annual reports of resource programs or divisions of the Natural Resource Program Center; resource action plans; fact sheets; and regularly- published newsletters.
    [Show full text]
  • Geologica Acta, Vol.4, N°4, 2006, 409-438 |415| Ce
    'geológica FOmS^Y ACTA GEOLÓGICA HISPAfilCA Geológica acta: an international earth science journal Universidad de Barcelona [email protected] ISSN (Versión impresa): 1695-6133 ESPAÑA 2006 C.C. Labandeira THE FOUR PHASES OF PLANT-ARTHROPOD ASSOCIATIONS IN DEEP TIME Geológica acta: an international earth science journal, december, año/vol. 4, número 004 Universidad de Barcelona Barcelona, España pp. 409-438 Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal ®re¿!alyc^ Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México http://redalyc.uaemex.mx Geológica Acta, Vol.4, N° 4, 2006, 409-438 Appendix l-IX geología acta Available online at www.geologica-acta.com The Four Phases of Plant-Arthropod Associations in Deep Time C.C. LABANDEIRA |1||2| 111 Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History P.O. Box 37012, MRC-121 Department of Paleobiology, Washington, D.C., USA 200137012. E-mail: [email protected] 121 University of Maryland, Department of Entomology College Park, Maryland, USA 20742 1 ABSTRACT I Vascular-plant hosts, their arthropod herbivores, and associated functional feeding groups are distributed spa- tiotemporally into four major herbivore expansions during the past 420 m.y. They are: (1) a Late Silurian to Late Devonian (60 m.y.) phase of myriapod and apterygote, hexapod (perhaps pterygote) herbivores on several clades of primitive vascular-plant hosts and a prototaxalean fungus; (2) a Late Mississippian to end-Permian (85 m.y.) phase of mites and apterygote and basal pterygote herbivores on pteridophyte and basal gymnospermous plant hosts; (3) a Middle Triassic to Recent (245 m.y.) phase of mites, orthopteroids (in the broadest sense) and hemipteroid and basal holometabolan herbivores on pteridophyte and gymnospermous plant hosts; and (4) a mid Early Cretaceous to Recent (115 m.y.) phase of modern-aspect orthopteroids and derived hemipteroid and holometabolous herbivores on angiospermous plant hosts.
    [Show full text]
  • Williston Basin Project (Targeted Geoscience Initiative II): Summary Report on Paleozoic Stratigraphy, Mapping and Hydrocarbon A
    Williston Basin Project (Targeted Geoscience Initiative II): Summary report on Paleozoic stratigraphy, mapping and GP2008-2 hydrocarbon assessment, southwestern Manitoba By M.P.B. Nicolas and D. Barchyn GEOSCIENTIFIC PAPER Geoscientific Paper GP2008-2 Williston Basin Project (Targeted Geoscience Initiative II): Summary report on Paleozoic stratigraphy, mapping and hydrocarbon assessment, southwestern Manitoba by M.P.B. Nicolas and D. Barchyn Winnipeg, 2008, reprinted with minor revisions January, 2009 Science, Technology, Energy and Mines Mineral Resources Division Hon. Jim Rondeau John Fox Minister Assistant Deputy Minister John Clarkson Manitoba Geological Survey Deputy Minister E.C. Syme Director ©Queen’s Printer for Manitoba, 2008, reprinted with minor revisions, January 2009 Every possible effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information contained in this report, but Manitoba Science, Technol- ogy, Energy and Mines does not assume any liability for errors that may occur. Source references are included in the report and users should verify critical information. Any digital data and software accompanying this publication are supplied on the understanding that they are for the sole use of the licensee, and will not be redistributed in any form, in whole or in part, to third parties. Any references to proprietary software in the documentation and/or any use of proprietary data formats in this release do not constitute endorsement by Manitoba Science, Technology, Energy and Mines of any manufacturer’s product. When using information from this publication in other publications or presentations, due acknowledgment should be given to the Manitoba Geological Survey. The following reference format is recommended: Nicolas, M.P.B, and Barchyn, D.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stonewall Formation Timothy O
    The Stonewall Formation Timothy O. Nesheim Introduction Geology The Stonewall Formation is one of numerous sedimentary strata The Stonewall Formation consists of three carbonate-evaporitic that have commercially produced oil and gas from North Dakota’s cycles deposited during Late Ordovician through Early Silurian subsurface. The Stonewall Formation is also one of many time (fig. 2). The Stonewall Formation is conformably under- geological formations being overshadowed by the prolific Bakken- lain by the Stony Mountain Formation and overlain by the In- Three Forks play. Interestingly, the first successful production terlake Formation. Each Stonewall cycle consists of three gen- test that recovered hydrocarbons (oil and gas) from the eral lithofacies: 1) bioturbated to laminated carbonate mudstone Stonewall Formation took place in 1952, less than a year after the 2) thin greyish green dolomitic and/or shaley, silty to sandy discovery of oil in North Dakota. However, sustained commercial mudstone, and 3) nodular to laminated anhydrite that is some- production from the Stonewall Formation did not take place for times interlaminated to interbedded with dolomite (fig. 3). another 27 years until 1979. Since then, the Stonewall Formation Deposition is interpreted to have taken place within a shallow has produced approximately 10 million barrels of oil equivalent marine (carbonate facies) to hypersaline (anhydrite facies) set- (MBOE) from 65 vertical wells (fig. 1). ting. The shaly sandy mudstone intervals have previously been Figure 1. Map depicting the extent of the Stonewall Formation and Stonewall productive wells in North Dakota (Carlson and Eastwood, 1962). For regulatory reasons the Stonewall Formation has been pooled together with the lower Interlake Formation.
    [Show full text]
  • Conodont Biostratigraphy of the Bakken and Lower Lodgepole Formations (Devonian and Mississippian), Williston Basin, North Dakota Timothy P
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1986 Conodont biostratigraphy of the Bakken and lower Lodgepole Formations (Devonian and Mississippian), Williston Basin, North Dakota Timothy P. Huber University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Huber, Timothy P., "Conodont biostratigraphy of the Bakken and lower Lodgepole Formations (Devonian and Mississippian), Williston Basin, North Dakota" (1986). Theses and Dissertations. 145. https://commons.und.edu/theses/145 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONODONT BIOSTRATIGRAPHY OF THE BAKKEN AND LOWER LODGEPOLE FORMATIONS (DEVONIAN AND MISSISSIPPIAN), WILLISTON BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA by Timothy P, Huber Bachelor of Arts, University of Minnesota - Morris, 1983 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota December 1986 This thesis submitted by Timothy P. Huber in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science from the University of North Dakota has been read by the Faculty Advisory Committee under whom the work has been done, and is hereby approved. This thesis meets the standards for appearance and conforms to the style and format requirements of the Graduate School at the University of North Dakota and is hereby approved.
    [Show full text]
  • The Stratigraphy and Sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in South-Central Williams County, North Dakota
    University of North Dakota UND Scholarly Commons Theses and Dissertations Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects 1992 The trs atigraphy and sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in south-central Williams County, North Dakota Wesley D. Peck University of North Dakota Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.und.edu/theses Part of the Geology Commons Recommended Citation Peck, Wesley D., "The trs atigraphy and sedimentology of the Sentinel Butte Formation (Paleocene) in south-central Williams County, North Dakota" (1992). Theses and Dissertations. 221. https://commons.und.edu/theses/221 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, and Senior Projects at UND Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UND Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE STRATIGRAPHY AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OF THE SENTINEL BUTTE FORMATION (PALEOCENE) IN SOUTH-CENTRAL WILLIAMS COUNTY, NORTH DAKOTA by Wesley D. Peck Bachelor of Science, North Dakota State University, 1987 A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the University of North Dakota in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Grand Forks, North Dakota August 1992 r This thesis, submitted by Wesley D. Peck in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of ·Master of Science from the University of North Dakota, has been read by the Faculty Advisory committee under whom the work has been done and is hereby approved. (Chairperson) This thesis meets the standards for appearance, conforms to the style and format requirements of the Graduate School of the University of North Dakota, and is hereby approved.
    [Show full text]
  • Stratigraphy and Depositional Environment of the Upper Mississippian Big Snowy Group in the Bridger Range, Southwest Montana By
    Stratigraphy and depositional environment of the Upper Mississippian Big Snowy Group in the Bridger Range, southwest Montana by Gary Eich Guthrie A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Earth Science Montana State University © Copyright by Gary Eich Guthrie (1984) Abstract: The Big Snowy Group is restricted to a trough which extends from southwest Montana into the Williston basin. Thickness variation of the group on the southern margin of the trough reflects movement of structural elements along an ancient structural weakness located in the central Bridget Range. Field and petrographic data are integrated to determine the depositional environment and stratigraphy of the group and to document the tectonic influence on sedimentation along this zone. The group is divided into the Kibbey Formation, with two informal members, and the Lombard facies of the Heath Formation. The lower Kibbey is supratidal algal laminated dolostone with dessication features and evaporite solution breccias were deposited at the leading edge of the transgressing Big Snowy sea. Siliciclastic intertidal channels on the sabkha are restricted to the central range where subsidence was greatest. The upper Kibbey and Lombard facies provide further evidence of a trough in the central Bridgers. The upper Kibbey is a regressive shoreface deposit composed of fine grained sandstone at the northern and southern ends of the range. Mudstone and siltstone dominate in the center of the range where deeper water and lower energy conditions prevailed. Ultimately, the Kibbey shoreface transgressed out of the area and the Lombard facies was deposited in a partially restricted shelf lagoon.
    [Show full text]
  • Geology of the Fox Hills Formation (Late Cretaceous
    GEOLOGY OF THE FOX HILLS FORMATION (LATE CRETACEOUS) IN THE WILLISTON BASIN OF NORTH DAKOTA, WITH REFERENCE TO URANIUM POTENTIAL by A. M. CVANCARA UNNERSITY OF NORTIl DAKOTA DEPARTMENT OF GEOLOGY GRAND FORKS, NORTII DAKOTA 58202 REPORT OF INVESTIGATION NO. 5S NORTH DAKOTA GEOLOGICAL SURVEY E. A. Noble, State Geologist 1976 PREPARED FOR mE U.S. ENERGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION GRAND JUNCTION OFFICE UNDER CONTRACT NO. AT(05-1)-1633 G1O-1633-1 CONTENTS ABSTRACT ~ag~ INTRODUCTION . 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .... 1 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2 STRATIGRAPHY ......................... .. .. 2 Definition and relationship to other rock units .. 2 Distribution . .. 3 Lithology and sedimentary structures .. 3 Persistence of lithologic units ... .. 7 Contacts .. ... .. .. ., 7 Thickness . .. ... .. 8 STRUcrURE ... 8 PALEONTOLOGY . 9 Fossil groups . 9 Occurrence of fossils · ..... , 9 AGE AND CORRELATION 10 DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENTS .............................. 10 URANIUM POTENTIAL . · 12 General . .. ., 12 Fox Hills Formation . 13 REFERENCES . · 14 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure Page 1. Fox Hills and adjacent Formations in North Dakota (modified from Carlson, 1973) . 4 2. Schematic stratigraphic column of Fox Hills Formation in North Dakota (modified slightly from Erickson, 1974, p. 144). The Linton Member was named by Klett and Erickson (1976). 5 Plate 1. Northwest-southeast cross section (Dunn to Sioux Counties) of Fox Hills Formation in southwestern North Dakota . (in pocket) 2. Southwest-northeast cross section (Bowman to Pierce Counties) of Fox Hills Formation in western North Dakota (in pocket) 3. Southwest-northeast cross section (Adams to Burleigh Counties) of Fox Hills Formation in southwestern North Dakota (in pocket) 4. Isopach map of Fox Hills Formation in North Dakota (in pocket) ABSTRACT model is followed for the deposition of Fox Hills sediments.
    [Show full text]
  • Cambrian Deadwood Formation: Isopach
    Natural Resources Ressources naturelles Manitoba Science, Technology, Canada Canada Energy and Mines 19 48 Petroleum O O 106 00’ 0 96 00’ 0 O O O O 0 0 0 104 98 0 55 30’ O O 55 30’ 102 0 100 0 East Paint Lake Park Reserve Lac La Ronge La Ronge 70 6 O O 55 0 55 0 25 Snow Lake 106 Manitoba 25 Flin Flon 75 Saskatchewan 65 50 100 125 Grass River Provincial Park 150 39 2 125 75 50 150 60 225 10 175 Narrow Hills O O 54 0 Clearwater Lake Provincial Park 54 0 6 106 55 200 The Pas 250 Lake 50 Nipawin 55 Prince Albert Carrot River 225 Wildcat Hill Winnipeg 175 Poplar/Nanowin Rivers Park Reserve O O 53 0 53 0 60 45 Melfort Tisdale Hudson Bay 3 125 200 50 150 6 Greenwater Lake 40 6 100 10 75 Chitek Lake Park Reserve Birch Island Park Reserve Humboldt 9 Kelvington O 35 Swan River O 52 0 16 52 0 125 Wadena 2 Preeceville 175 Lanigan 75 50 Fisher Bay Park Reserve 16 Wynyard Watrous 30 Foam Lake 10 Canora Duck Mountain Provincial Park Kamsack 25 Good Spirit Lake 16 35 Davidson 150 Hecla/Grindstone Provincial Park 6 25 175 Yorkton Roblin 11 Dauphin 100 O O 51 0 51 0 175 16 Melville Riding Mountain National Park 150 Langenburg 200 20 Fort Qu’Appelle Russell 10 125 Lumsden Gimli 11 Buffalo Pound Esterhazy 100 75 Indian Head 1 Pilot Butte Balgonie 1 Regina 1 Moose Jaw 16 1 150 8 Grenfell 50 25 15 Lac du Bonnet 125 59 6 1 Minnedosa 125 Neepawa 16 Selkirk 100 Stonewall 175 Beausejour Moosomin 44 O Kipling O 50 0 Birds Hill Provincial Park 50 0 100 75 Rivers 25 Portage la Prairie 1 39 Winnipeg 15 10 1 Carberry Moose Mountain Virden Brandon 1 175 Spruce Woods Provincial Park Ste.
    [Show full text]
  • Synorogenic Basin Deposits and Associated Laramide Uplifts in the Montana Part of the Cordilleran Foreland Basin System
    SYNOROGENIC BASIN DEPOSITS AND ASSOCIATED LARAMIDE UPLIFTS IN THE MONTANA PART OF THE CORDILLERAN FORELAND BASIN SYSTEM Susan M. Vuke Montana Bureau of Mines and Geology, Butte, Montana ABSTRACT The North American Cordilleran Foreland Basin System extended from the eastern edge of the Cordilleran Sevier fold-thrust belt in western Montana across central and eastern Montana from Jurassic into early Paleo- gene time. In the central and southern Montana part of the system, isolated Laramide basement-cored uplifts and sedimentary basin pairs characterize the main Laramide Province. The thrust/reverse fault-propagated arches and basins of the province developed primarily during Late Cretaceous through earliest Eocene time, although regionally, initiation of uplift may have occurred during Early to middle Cretaceous time in southwest- ern Montana. Associated prominent WNW–ESE- and NE–SW-striking linear features refl ect Laramide reactiva- tion of basement faults that now extend to the surface, or are entirely in the subsurface. They occur throughout the main Laramide Province and are likely genetically related to development of the uplift-basin pairs. The asymmetric Laramide Bighorn and Powder River Basins developed in association with uplift along basin-bounding thrust/reverse faults of the Beartooth and Bighorn basement-cored arches, respectively. Thrust loading associated with uplift along the faults propagated asymmetric synclinal basin folds that accommodated the greatest thicknesses of synorogenic deposits adjacent to the range-bounding faults. In Montana, synorogenic deposits of the Bighorn Basin primarily include the Paleocene Fort Union Formation, and those of the Powder River Basin primarily include the Paleocene Fort Union and Eocene Wasatch Formations.
    [Show full text]