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TIDSAM 1098-01 Norwegian Defence and 9 770806 615906 01 Security Industries Association RETURUKEReturuke 26 v 12 GIRAFFE 1X FLEXIBLE PROTECTION FOR MOBILE FORCES

SAAB TECHNOLOGIES NORWAY AS WWW.SAAB.NO CONTENTS CONTENTS: ARTILLERY 2 New artillery for Norway Editor-in-Chief: M.Sc. Bjørn Domaas Josefsen MAIN BATTLE TANKS 4 K2 Black Panther for Norway?

FSi 7 Norwegian Defence and Security ELECTRONIC Industries Association (FSi) DANISH LOOPHOLE ­WARFARE; A CRACK 15 EU disapproves of Danish offset rules IN NATO’S DEFENCE BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE Last September, for more than a week, the GPS signals in the 17 Lightweight torpedo for Hamina-class ships airspace above Eastern Finnmark were suddenly gone. Finnmark 18 Modular bridging system is the northern area of Norway, and the eastern part shares a 19 F-35 for Belgium common border with Russia. 21 Ballistic missile defence for Japan According to open sources, civilian air traffic reported 24 More Eurofighters for Saudi Arabia 25 Huge potential for KONGSBERG in Qatar ­losing GPS signals when reaching an altitude of approximate 2000-3000 meters. Naturally the incident caused great concern COAST GUARD ­within the Norwegian aviation authorities. 26 Less NH 90 flight time for Coast Guard Recently, presenting his non-classified “Annual report on ­assessment of current security challenges”, the chief of the KNM MAUD Norwegian Intelligence Service admitted that the September 27 The Logistic vessel KNM “Maud” made its maiden incident in Eastern Finnmark was caused by Russian electronic voyage of the South Korean coast warfare units. NAMMO For years, Russia has spent great amounts of resources 28 Nammo’s new artillery shell ­developing equipment and competence on electronic war- fare. Several incidents reported all over Europe confirms this PATRIOT capacity.­ 29 Sweden seeks $3.2bn sale of patriot missile For NATO´s armed forces, the use of electronic signals for systems­ positioning, mapping, weapon guidance, communications, etc, DANISH DEFENCE AGREEMENT is crucial. The operational effect of highly advanced military­ 30 Danish defence to have a brigade, ­systems will be significantly reduced without the ability to missiles and torpedoes send and receive reliable electronic signals. In some cases, entire military capacities might even be completely cut off if GLOBALEYE ­electronic signals are lost. 32 First Globaleye AEW&C Aircraft Similar to the deployment of long range precision missiles, the Russian electronic warfare capacities again give proof of Russia´s disturbing ability to allocate resources and funding to developing the exact weapon systems and technologies that Coverphoto: cause the most headaches within NATO. A K9 Thunder test firing the new As a counter-move against the long-range precision Nammo base bleed artillery shell at ­missiles, a number of nations are looking into missile shields a test range in Southern Sweden. for protecting­ their most highly prioritized military installations. Both Norway and Finland has Missiles shields, however, are expensive to purchase and selected the South Korean K9 Thunder for their new artillery. costly­ to operate.­ What counter measures to take against electronic warfare The new shell design Nammo is known as the 155 mm IM HE-ER attacks are yet to be clarified. As of today, it seems like the (Insensitive Munitions, High NATO nations have a major job to do, developing technologies Explosive, Extended Range). that can reduce the effect of an advanced and massive strike Nammo’s new artillery ammuni- from electronic­ warfare systems. And let there be no mistake tion reaches a maximum height of 16 km, or more than 50,000 feet, when about this – any effective defence against electronic warfare fired at its maximum range of more than 40 km Photo: Nammo solutions is bound to be expensive.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 1 ARTILLERY FOR NORWAY

NEW ARTILLERY FOR NORWAY

In December, the Norwegian Ministry of Defence signed a The K9 artillery has been supplied contract with South Korea for the delivery of their K9 Thunder in several varieties, and the Norwegian con- figuration consists of solutions picked from a as the new artillery system for the Norwegian Defence. The number of these variations. What is unique K9 Thunder has been developed and is manufactured by the for the Norwegian configuration, however, South Korean Hanwha Techwin (formerly Samsung Techwin), is the integration of Norwegian communica- and counts the Finnish Defence among its earliest users. tions systems on the artillery vehicles. The contract covers 24 units of the type K9 VIDAR as well as 6 units K10 he Korean artillery won ahead been operative in the Korean artillery over ­VIDAR ammunition re-supply vehicles. in the competition against the ­several years, from which it follows that Further to this, logistics and education T­German Panzerhaubitze 2000 from the system is thoroughly tested in practice. ­materiel will be procured. Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and Rheinmetall; To us, this means getting an artillery with Norway also holds an option for six the French Caesar wheeled artillery from a great degree of operational matureness, K10 VIDAR ammunition vehicles, as well Nexter, and the M109 KRAIT developed which is an important factor in reducing as a further option for another 24 units of and made by the Swiss Ruag. M109 KRAIT the technical risk inherent in the project, K9 VIDAR artillery and 12 units of K10 is an upgraded version of the American says senior advisor Asgeir Spange Brekke ­VIDAR ammunition vehicles. M109 artillery. of Forsvarsmateriell. – Our main reason for choosing We also considered the fact that the Possible co-operation with the Korean alternative is that the system system is well adapted to operations under ­Finland and Estonia was able to meet a convincing number Norwegian conditions, continues Brekke, In February of last year, the ­Finnish of the requirement specifications we had while adding that the purchase price was a ­Ministry of Defence confirmed its set. A large number of K9 Thunder have significant factor as well. ­intention to buy K9 Thunder artillery

2 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 ARTILLERY FOR NORWAY

from South Korea.­ Finland will buy a ­Korean army. Estonia is planning to buy its K9 THUNDER SELF-­ total of 48 ­second-hand units from the K9s in collaboration with Finland, and the PROPELLED ARTILLERY South Korean Army, at a total­ cost of some Estonians had the possibility to tap into SPECIFICATIONS 155 million USD. (­Finland also holds an the in-depth preparatory work done by ­option for ­another 48 units). The Korean Finland. Place of origin: South Korea artillery ­systems will likely replace elderly, A spokesman for the Estonian Designer: Samsung Techwin, Agency ­Soviet-made artillery systems in the Finn- Army points out that the use of similar for Defence Development Designed 1989–1998 ish Army. artillery by several countries in the region Unit cost: Estimated: $3.9 million From the Norwegian Ministry creates good possibilities for using each Produced: 1999–present of Defence comes the confirmation that other’s maintenance and training capa­ Weight: 47 tonnes Length: 12 m ­Norway will be looking into the possi­ bilities, and also makes easier the manu­ Width: 3.4 m bilities of a closer collaboration with facturing and certification of ammunition Height: 2.73 m ­Finland on the artillery side. With Norway for weapons that are to be used under Crew: 5 (Commander, Driver, and Finland now procuring materiel that is similar­ conditions. ­Gunner, 2 Loaders) Main armament: 155mm howitzer (Cal 52) to all intents and purposes identical, there If the purchase is made, the first Secondary armament: 12.7 mm will be opportunities for co-operation units are expected to arrive in Estonia in (.50 calibre) K6 HMG within all the usual fields of training and 2021, the last ones by 2026. The Estonian Engine: MTU MT 881- diesel engine, 1000 hp exercise, logistics and spare parts, main­ Army expects to operate their K9s for at Power/weight: 21 hp/ton Operational range: 480 km tenance and whatever future upgrades may least 30 years to come. Speed: 67 km/h lie ahead. In addition, the offer includes an Maximum climbing slope: 60% option for the purchase of eight to 12 more (31 degree) K9 Thunder for Estonia K9 howitzers. Maximum firing range: 30,000 m (HE) The Estonian government has confirmed The price is confidential and will 38,000 m (DP-ICM base-bleed) the receipt of an offer for 18 K9 Thunder only be published once an agreement is 41,600 m (K307 Drag reduction howitzers from the government of South signed. According to open sources, the Extended range full-bore base-bleed) Korea. The 12 howitzers offered have agreement is expected to be signed in first 52–56,000 m (K315 BB+RAP extended range) seen some use, though little, in the South half of 2018.

K9 Thunder The K9 Thunder is a South Korean ­self-propelled 155 mm howitzer developed Export customers by Samsung Techwin for the Republic­ of Besides Norway, Finland and possibly Korea Armed Forces. It was developed ­Estonia, several other nations has acquired to supplement and then replace the K55 or shown interest in the K9 Thunder. ­self-propelled howitzers in South Korean Samsung Techwin sold the K9 service. ­subsystems to Turkey. Turkey received K9 is an indigenous system of its first batch of the K9 subsystems and an all-welded steel armour construction the license to produce the subsystems which is rated to withstand 14.5 mm ­domestically in 2004. The domestic ­armour-piercing rounds, 155 mm shell ­Turkish self-propelled howitzer was named fragments, and anti-personnel mines. The as T-155 Firtina. Turkey is expected to field unit also supports full CBRN protection. a force of 300 Firtinas by 2011. The main gun on the K9 has the Samsung Techwin has also ability to fire its shells in MRSI mode formed a venture in 2012 with Indian (­Multiple Rounds Simultaneous Impact). ­conglomerate Larsen and Toubro to supply In the MRSI mode, the K9 is able to fire the K9 for the Indian Army. The vehicle is three shells in under 15 seconds – 1 named K9 VAJRA-T­ and is a variant of the shell every 5 seconds – each in different K9 specially designed for operation in the ­trajectories so that all of the shells will desert areas on the Pakistani border. So far, ­arrive on their target at the same time. India have signed contract for 100 units, The K9 has a unique hydro-­ of which first 12 units will be produced in pneumatic suspension system, a require- Korea, the rest in India. ment for Korea’s rugged mountainous The K9 Thunder is one of terrain.­ ­contenders for supplying Egypt with In June 2016, a new fully automatic new artillery systems,­ other howitzers The Norwegian version will be named projectile-and-charge loading system was ­competing with the K9 including those K9 VIDAR (Versatile Indirect Artillery revealed. The system will be retrofitted to from Russia, South Africa and France, ­System). The Norwegian Fire Support System is named ODIN, after the ruler God in Norse the K9, essentially giving it a robotic turret. ­specifically the CAESAR self-propelled mythology. VIDAR was one of ODIN`s sons. The purpose is to reduce the crew needed howitzer. Egypt is expected to sign Photo: Finnish Army to operate the vehicle to two soldiers. ­contract within two years.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 3 K2 BLACK PANTHER

The Korean K2 Black Panther main battle tank. The Korean Army operates the K2 with a crew of three, several of which are conscripts. Most of the competing tanks on the market today require a crew of four. Photo: Korean Army K2 BLACK PANTHER FOR NORWAY?

In the wake of Korean industry’s success in securing the contract­ FACTS for new artillery for Norway, the Koreans have also been Crew: 3 sniffing at the possibility to supply armoured vehicles for the Combat Weight: 56 tonnes Norwegian Defence. The K2 Black Panther from the Korean Size (LxWxH) 10.8 x3.6 x2.4 m Engine: 1500 hp (1118 kW) Diesel company Hyunday Rotem is a freshly developed battle tank, Power / Weight ratio (hp/t) 27.3 which is now being presented as a possible candidate for the Ground clearance: 0.45m (Adjustable: 0.15-0.55m) replacement of the current Norwegian Leopard 2 battle tanks. Max speed: 72 km/h Max speed cross country: 50 km/t e are naturally fully superior power to weight ratio, Mogensen Water fording depth: 4.1 m Main gun: 120mm 55 Calibre smooth bore aware of the strong explains. Ammo loading: Autoloader –W Norwegian tradition for – In addition, I would like to point Ammunition: 40 rounds choosing German battle tanks. With this to the suspension system in the K2 wagons. Secondary weapons: 12.7 mm machine in mind, we would still like to see Norway These are hydraulic suspensions, and most gun and 7.62 mm machine gun conducting an open contest for the ­supply easily comparable to the hydro-pneumatic Armour Protection: Composite armour / ERA of these vehicles, and taking the time to suspensions of some advanced Citroën Active protection system: Soft kill or test the various alternatives like it was passenger car models. This suspension Hard-Kill (option) done for artillery at Rena last winter, says system offers huge advantages in a battle Identification of Friend or Foe: Yes Mogens Rasmus Mogensen of the Danish­ tank. When running across uneven terrain, MED (Military Equipment Denmark), the tanks are more stable, with less shaking representatives for Hyunday Rotem to the and more controlled movement caused by Nordic countries. – We are confident that the ground being covered. means that the lowest­ elevation­ angle of the Norwegian Defence will then find that The same suspension system also the cannon­ can be ­reduced another few there are viable alternatives to the German offers the possibility of raising or lowering­ degrees, by lowering­ the front and raising offering, capable of competing head-on the K2 wagon, Mogensen continues to the back of the ­wagon, while ­conversely, in terms of both operative capacity and explain. In the normal state, the ground the nose can be lifted while the rear ­quality, not to mention purchase price and clearance under the vehicle will be about squats. The latter­ ­configuration offers extra life cycle costs. 45 cm’s, but this can be raised to over ­capacity for engaging­ higher targets, such – In our view, the K2 tanks come 55 cm, and not least significantly, low- as an ­infantry position up a hill side, or air- with a number of advantages over the ered to 15 cm. This provides advantages, craft and ­helicopters flying at low altitude. competition. First and foremost comes not just when driving across rough ter- – I would also like to point out that the weight of the battle wagons, at some rain, but also operational advantages in the K2 Black Panther has been in operation 56 tons. In comparison, the latest version­ that the tank can be lowered for lesser in the Korean Army since 2014, and ­before of competitor tanks weighs in at 65 to 70 ­exposure, such as when taking position this, prototypes underwent thorough tonnes or more. Further on, K2 as well behind a ­building or a protrusion on the ­testing by the Korean Defence through as several tanks in the market today, is ground. And this is not all; the front and ­almost five years. Hence, the K2 is a solidly powered by a diesel engine rated at 1500 rear parts of the vehicle­ can be raised and tested alternative, carrying minimal risk, hp/1118 kW, providing the K2 with a far lowered independently­ of each other. This states Mogensen in conclusion.

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NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

N o rw e g i a n D e f e n c e a nd S e c u r i t y I nd u s t r i e s A ss o c i at i o n (FSi) THE LEADING ASSOCIATION IN NORWAY ADVOCATING THE INTERESTS OF ITS SECTOR, AND THE PRIMARY INTERLOCUTOR FOR THE GOVERNMENT IN MATTERS OF IMPORTANCE TO THE INDUSTRY. AFFILIATED WITH THE CONFEDERATION OF NORWEGIAN ENTERPRISE (NHO) AND REPRESENTING MORE THAN 100 COMPANIES

FORSVARSSAMARBEID I EU – NORSK ­FORSVARSINDUSTRI PÅ UTSIDEN? For noen få dager siden program for utvikling av euro- å ta dette på alvor. Til ­forskjell jektene og i tillegg med ­dårligere fattet forsvarsministrene peisk forsvarsindustri­ (EDIDP). fra tidligere forsøk på å markedsadgang enn i dag, vil det Ii 25 EU-land beslutning ­Kommisjonens ambisjon er at ­regulere forsvarsmarkedet, har bli sterkt konkurransevridende­ om oppstart av de 17 første fondet, etter 2020, årlig skal ­kommisjonen nå tatt initiativ til i norsk industris disfavør,­ både samarbeidsprosjektene i EUs sikre 500 mill. EUR til forsvars­ å legge betydelige summer på hjemme og ute. Dette kan nye forsvarssamarbeid PESCO.­ forskning og 5 mrd. EUR til bordet for å støtte forsknings- ikke være i samsvar intensjo- Samtidig ble diskusjonen om utvikling av teknologi, pro­ og utviklingsprosjekter. Dersom­ nene i EØS-avtalen. Dersom tredjelands muligheter til å dukter og systemer. De første det ender med at norsk forsvars­ det norske forsvarsmarkedet delta utsatt. Danmark, som tre årene frem t.o.m. 2020 er industri holdes utenfor, vil det skal være åpent for europeiske har reservert seg mot forsvars- en prøveperiode for å teste ut helt åpenbart være uheldig og leverandører, må det, med EØS- samarbeidet i EU generelt og hvordan forsvarsprosjekter­ kan svekke industriens muligheter avtalen og ­europeisk industris Storbritannia, som er på vei ut, gjennomføres i EU. Fondet til å vinne innpass i europeiske markedsadgang i Norge som be- får dermed ikke anledning til å etableres innenfor rammen av samarbeids­prosjekter på sikt. grunnelse, forutsettes at Norge delta i PESCO-prosjekter inntil det indre markedet, med styrket Blir konsekvensen at det store og norsk forsvarsindustri også videre. Norge er selvfølgelig konkurranseevne for europeisk europeiske markedet blir enda får anledning til å være med også utenfor så lenge modalite- forsvarsindustri som hoved­ mer lukket enn det allerede i EU-subsidierte programmer tene for eventuelt samarbeid begrunnelse. er, er det alvorlig for norsk som forsker frem ny teknologi med tredjeland ikke er avklart. Norge har, som eneste forsvarsindustri.­ og utvikler nye produkter i Eu- Dette føyer seg inn i et tredjeland, fått anledning å Forsvarsfondet etableres ropa. Det vil være bra også for mønster som vanskelig kan delta i det forberedende pro- innenfor rammen av det Europeisk forsvarsindustri som tolkes annerledes enn at tone­ grammet for forsvarsforskning ­indre marked, der Norge norsk industri er en integrert angivende EU-land har satt (PADR) som ble startet opp gjennom EØS-avtalen har del av. seg fore at Europas strategiske i fjor. Utviklingsprogrammet et avklart forhold til EU og Norske myndigheter ar- autonomi skal sikres gjennom for Europeisk forsvarsindustri­ medlemslandene. Norge har beider for dette og det er ­viktig samarbeidsmodeller der de (EDIDP) er inne i den siste ­implementert EUs direktiver at dette arbeidet videreføres selv utvikler rammene og stiller­ og avgjørende ­behandlingen om forsvars- og sikkerhets­ med en klar målsetting om at ­betingelsene, før eventuelle i Brussel i de såkalte «tri- anskaffelser. Det sikrer at EUs norsk industri skal kunne delta ­andre nasjoner får anledning til logue» for­handlingene mellom forsvarsindustri kan ­konkurrere i EDIDP prosjekter etter 2020. I å delta i prosjektene. Kommisjonen,­ Medlemsstatene i det norske forsvars­markedet. tillegg må det vurderes å iverk- Parallelt med utviklingen av og EU-parlamentet. Her ligger Dersom vi i fremtiden får sette tiltak for å kompensere PESCO arbeider EU ufortrødent­ det ikke an til at Norge vil få en situasjon der europeiske for den åpenbare konkurranse­ videre med å etablere det delta i EDIDP. Det gir grunn til ­bedrifter skal konkurrere i det vridningen det vil innebære ­europeiske forsvarsfondet (EDF), bekymring. norske markedet med teknologi dersom europeisk industri skal som skal legge til rette for en EUs nye fremstøt på og produkter som er utviklet kunne konkurrere i Norge og konkurransedyktig europeisk­ forsvars­området er langt mer med betydelige subsidier fra med norsk forsvarsindustri forsvarsindustri. Fondet er delt i ambisiøse enn noe vi tidligere EU, uten at norsk industri får inter­nasjonalt med produkter to, forsvarsforskning (DR) og et har sett og det er all grunn til anledning til delta i disse pros- der utviklingen subsidiers av EU.

P.O. Box 5250 Majorstuen, Tel: + 47 23 08 80 00 E-mail: [email protected] NO- 0303 Oslo. NORWAY Telefax: + 47 23 08 80 18 Internet: www.fsi.no

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 7 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

INNOVATION DAY AT THE NORWEGIAN MILITARY ACADEMY: CADETS MEET INDUSTRY

In collaboration with the Cadet Society, the he seminar part was Svein Erlend Martinussen FSi held its Innovation Day at the Norwegian particularly concerned from the Norwegian Military with the Land Force Academy provided insights into Military Academy in Oslo in November last T Study and the manner in which how simulations and games year. The purpose of this effort is amongst this was conducted, including with different scenarios in­ ­others to acquaint the officers of the future how games and simulations fluenced the results of the Land with industry, and to present the latest in were used to evaluate ­different Force Study. Several relations options for the future land were uncovered, explained ­technology and products. forces.­ Martinussen, while emphasising­

Several businesses presented their compact, portable radar solutions. Managing ­Director Richard Norland from the Moss-based company ISPAS ­explained that their radar among other features has the capability to make a distinction­ between drones and birds, which is becoming increasingly ­important under the current threat perception. ISPAS has sold a number of radars to the oil industry, but none to the Armed Forces as per this date. The company was originally a spin-off from the Norwegian Defence Research Establish- ment. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

Rune Fleischer from Thales ­presented the company’s ­portable radar systems. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

INFO/ERFA 2018 ENDRINGSEVNE VÅR STØRSTE UTFORDRING? Når: 17. - 18. april 2018 Hvor: Sundvolden Hotel Dronningveien 2, FORSVARS- OG 8 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 SIKKERHETSINDUSTRIENS 3531 Krokkleiva Påmelding: www.fsi.no FORENING 40k

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that even observations of how of active protection, Geiner Team Red, which is the enemy underscored. in the game, reacted to our The long term study also army, proved very useful. proposes for conscription to – We could also observe remain in force in the future, how the teams acted upon and we have also suggested the ­prerequisites of which the prolongation of conscription teams themselves were not fully duties for relatively large groups aware, and that in some cases of candidates. We had expected might actually be erroneous. to meet with quite considerable Col. Jan Fredrik Geiner of resistance to this item, but to the Norwegian Army Weapons our surprise, it has sailed right School drew up some main through without much debate. ­elements from the Land Force Study, and pointed to current Much interest in the deliberations on procuring technology fair more anti-air defence for the In parallel with the seminar Army, and on the procurement part, a technology fair was also of missile based long range arranged, with exhibitors from precision weapons. The long the industry making an appear- term plan is also suggesting­ ance. a stop to the upgrading of The cadets showed keen ­armoured vehicles, and a interest in the exhibits, where move towards the investment they were presented with the into a modern and future- very latest and newest of what is proof combat vehicle, and that available today, and with plans Cadet Petter Torud testing out the control unit for the Kongsberg weapons ­station, mounted on an Eagle armoured vehicle from the Swiss manufacturer such a vehicle will be in need for future materiel. Mowag. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

INFO/ERFA 2018 ENDRINGSEVNE VÅR STØRSTE UTFORDRING? Når: 17. - 18. april 2018 Hvor: Sundvolden Hotel Dronningveien 2, FORSVARS- OG MILITÆRTEKNIKKSIKKERHETSINDUSTRIENS 1/2018 9 3531 Krokkleiva Påmelding: www.fsi.no FORENING 40k

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100c70m40k NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE WITH THE SPECIAL FORCES

Two years ago, the Technology Conference with the Special Forces was held in the city of Horten. This year’s conference was located in Bergen, and for reasons of great interest, the conference was moved from the Commander’s Residence (Kommandantboligen) to the more extensive facilities at the Royal Norwegian Naval Academy (RNONA).

he conference was to solutions being developed opened by Col. Halvor jointly with us as projects, and TJohansen giving an which may later be procured in overview of the Special Forces, greater numbers by the armed their future procurement plans, forces in general. and their focal areas. The Special Forces are also The Special Forces are undergoing a shift in focus, highly prioritised in the Armed from the international arena Forces, and even though we in general to domestic areas, – Even though the Special Forces are now realigning focus towards Norway and the have been on tight budgets where the opponents will be neighbouring areas, we will continue to maintain capabilities to take part in and conduct international operations. This means having to cover a large ­spectrum for the last four years, with significantly more high-tech of operational arenas, from snow and ice to jungle and desert, says Col. Halvor the F-35 laying claim to huge oriented than what has been the Johansen of the Armed Special Forces. Photo: Marinejegerkommandoen ­portions of the defence budgets, case in the matter of interna- we are intending to conduct tional operations. The last main challenge our investment desires, both on materiel investments to the tune This poses new challenges we face is the need of greater land, at sea and in the air. of hundreds of millions of NOK on the materiel front, where we ­operational integration vs. other And even though airborne over the years to come. These are looking at three main as- units of the Armed Forces, says mobility for the Special Forces are investments into materiel pects. Johansen, citing as an example has been the subject of much specific to the Special Forces. In In the first place, we need to long-range weapons and the fa- debate, we hope that we will addition to this, we will receive develop more robust capabilities cility for target advice for these. end up with a good solution a share of the materiel procured with enhanced endurance. Quite specifically, ourhere as well. by the armed forces in general, Secondly, we ­acknowledge greatest areas of effort will lie Further to the above, we are for example ammunition. that up against a techno- in ­command, control and in­ also aware that major parts of Many of the investments logically advanced adversary, formation systems. the personal weaponry ­portfolio will naturally be concerning ­requirements to our keeping We are also looking at the will probably need ­replacing materiel that is re-purchased a low signature will be more possibilities inherent in the from 2020 and beyond, says after it is used up, broken or ­de­manding. And this comprises field of unmanned systems, and Johansen in closing, adding that worn out, but quite a few new not just camouflaging equip- ­especially within small, light the Special Forces are ­enjoying materiel purchases are also to ment and personnel, but also and mobile systems. excellent co-operation with be conducted. For the industry, low-signature communications Mobility is also a keyword the Armed Forces’ materiel special interest may be attached and sensors. when taking a broader view of works.

10 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

PROJECT P6359: FUTURE MARITIME MINE COUNTER MEASURES CAPABILITY – CRITICAL CAPABILITY FOR NORWAY

In a crisis or war-like situation, maritime mine collaboration on submarines­ ­competitiveness, but will be counter measures capability (MCM = Mine between Germany and Norway. in a freer position to choose It is our understanding that ­Norwegian businesses as Counter Measures) will be vital for Norway, the Germans are interested in co-operating­ partners. both to guard the transport lines north to Norway because Norwegian in- The Ministry of Defence has south along the coast, as well as with regard to dustry and defence alike have assigned the Norwegian De- keeping sea lanes open for our allies to be able highly developed underwater fence Research Establishment and submersible technologies. the task of conducting a de- to deploy reinforcements. fence-industrial analysis, in the MCM capability: project P6359: Future maritime ven though the Navy’s are all looking like moving Vital for the national mine counter measures capa­ mine clearing vessels ­towards unmanned systems, security interest bility. This defence-industrial Ein themselves are still with a greater or lesser degree of MCM is a capability that is of analysis will among other things in good shape, several of the ­autonomy, says Bjørn Schjerven­ strategic importance to the chart the relevant competence on-board systems are close of the Ministry of Defence, ­security of Norway as a nation. in Norwegian industry, and to reaching the end of their ­before emphasising that the Furthermore, the conditions examine the opportunities for ­effective service life, while the concept for the future MCM along the Norwegian coast, Norwegian industry to partici- access to spare parts for many of ­capability of Norway has yet to ­regarding the coastal topo­ pate in the various phases of the these system is already ­showing be determined. graphy as well as the ­seabed, project. The analysis will also signs of becoming a problem. From the Norwegian side, the climate situation and the be looking into the possibilities This means the Navy is at a we are keen to collaborate with water temperatures are in of early co-operation, national ­cross-roads, between getting other countries on ­developing ­combination quite unique development, direct procure- replacements for major parts of the MCM capability of the ­compared to all other countries. ment from the Norwegian de- the on-board systems ­currently ­future, and Germany has al- This could mean that Norway in fence industry, limited national in use, or having to look into ready indicated that they would the procurement of future MCM competition, participation in the acquisition of all-new­ be interested in co-operation. It equipment will ­probably not be multi-national development capabilities.­ is also said that this interest is bound by the EU regulation­ programmes or other kinds of not just owing to the ongoing on defence ­procurement and international collaboration. Getting personnel out of the mine field Among the most important ­aspects in the selection of ­future maritime mine counter­ ­measures capability is that of personnel safety. This is an area where all-new techno­logy is likely to afford a much greater degree of personnel safety in mine clearing operations at sea than what has been the case with the current fleet of mine ­clearing vessels. Not least the advent of remote-control technology­ and the development of auto­ nomous vessels mean that there will no longer be a need to send manned craft into waters that may be ­infested with sea mines. Furthermore, there is reason to believe that remotely controlled and ­autonomous vessels will come with somewhat lower life- time costs than manned units. – A lot of countries are Working on the future Norwegian maritime mine counter measures capability: From the left; Morten Nakjem (FFI), working on developing their ­Christina Brouwers (MOD), Bjørn Schjerven (MOD), Rune Fardal, FFI, and Bjarte Haugsvær (Norwegian Navy) MCM capabilities, and they Photo: MilitærTeknikk

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 11 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

PROGRAM CONFERENCE AIR SYSTEMS; MAINTENANCE OF THE NH-90 HELICOPTERS FIFTH GENERATION FIGHTERS – The status of the NH 90 delivery is that as per this FIFTH GENERATION AIR DEFENCE date, seven of the total of 14 helicopters have been The first program conference this year, the Program Conference on Air delivered, reports Harald Sveen of the Norwegian Systems, took place on February 15th. More than 80 delegated from Defence Materiel Agency. the defence community and the industry had homed in on Lysaker in Six of these helicopters are Bærum, near the old Fornebu Airport. so-called IOC ­helicopters (“Initial Operational ­Capacity”) that are to be reverted to the manu- facturer for upgrading, and the first of these IOC choppers will return to the factory in the course of summer this year. The first machine with FOC (”Full Operational Capacity”) was delivered in January this year. On the maintenance side, the component main- tenance including engines has been covered by the supplier up to June 2019, according to the contract. Beyond this, we have ­already entered into a con- tract with Patria for more Lt. Col. Espen Gukild of te Air Force and Arne Gjennestad from Kongsberg Defence & Aerospace. Photo: MilitærTeknikk extensive maintenance. Regarding main­ tenance after the summer or the Air Force, it goes combat capability. These bases various sensors connected to a of 2019, we are looking without saying that the are Ørland, Evenes and Rygge. CCI system, where personnel into several possibilities, Fnew F-35 fighters are To achieve high combat capa­ to a greater extent function as a says Sveen in closing. by far the biggest and most de- bility at the bases, a crucial ­factor rapid deployment force. Among other things, we manding project in terms of re- is the protection of the bases. Ground based air defence, are looking at possible sources. The implications of the In this base protection, challenges, and opportunities co-operation with other F-35, however, go far beyond ground-based air defence is one The challenge in locating­ NH 90 nations, as well as the procurement of new fighter of the most important elements,­ air defence on the ground lies the possibility of working aircraft by the Air Force. Gukild continues. And this air in particular on the sensor side. ­together with the industry – We are now getting a defence, to be effective, needs The curvature of the earth as or the supplier. fifth-generation fighter system, a mix of missiles in order­ well as the uneven terrain with which means that we need to to ­counter all the currently hills and mountains, valleys progress ourselves into a fifth ­perceived threats we are facing. and cities et cetera, will obscure generation air defence, was the Furthermore, great demands ­radars and other sensors, and to pointed opening remark of Lt. are made of the sensor part of a long-range air defence system, Col. Espen Gukild. the air defence. this may limit the operational­ This means that for us to be And in addition to this, range, explains Arne ­Gjennestad able to fully exploit the capabili- the F-35 bases will need base of Kongsberg Defence & ties of the F-35 fighter, we also ­defences. The air stations and ­Aerospace. It is ­likely that a need to develop our organisa- the grounds surrounding the ­greater number of radars will tion, our routines, and not least air stations cover huge ar- be ­required to achieve adequate­ – raise our competence levels. eas, far too great to cover with coverage, as well as air defence Harald Sveen of the Norwegian Activities surrounding the ­personnel alone. In order to weapons with shorter range as Defence Materiel Agency, ­section F-35 aircraft will be concen- mount a ­relevant base defence, a supplement to the long-range Air Capabilities. trated to a few bases with high the system must be based on air defence. Photo: MilitærTeknikk

12 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) EXPORT CONTROLS AND SANCTIONS; - IMPORTANT REGULATORY MEASURES FOR NORWEGIAN DEFENCE INDUSTRY

Like most other countries, Norway’s ­military Deputy Director industry operates under a strict regimen of Erik Furu (left) and Senior Advisor ­controls and limitations for the export of ­Asgeir Berg, from the Export ­Control ­weapons, ammunition and military materiel section of the in general. For the defence industry, thorough ­Ministry of ­Foreign Affairs. knowledge about these regulations is essential, Photo: and when the FSi held a seminar on export MilitærTeknikk­ ­controls and sanctions, the audience counted more than 80 delegates from the defence industry.

xport control and sanc- Licensable items are de- Legal Assistant Mag- tions are enforced by the scribed in two item lists. nus Viddal (left) and Ministry of Foreign Af- List 1 (ML) contains military­ Partner Stein Ove E Solberg of the Law fairs, and basically there are two materiel, which includes­ Firm Arntzen de regulations that limit Norwegian ­weapons, ammunition and Besche gave advice exports: Export controls on one other military materiel and on how businesses side, and sanctions on the other, attendant­ technology. in practical terms should relate to ex- said Erik Furu, deputy director List 2 is the so-called Dual port control and the of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs’ Use list, which includes multi- sanction regulations. Export Control Section. purpose items that are primarily Photo: of a civilian type, but may carry Militær­ Teknikk­­ Export Control a major military significance. The basis for export controls is – The Norwegian lists are what types of goods and ­services drawn up and revised in close desires a common policy with the third parties they are front- are to be exported. collaboration with the European EU, and a similar set of rules ing, said Stein Ove Solberg in – The backdrop for the Union, and the lists used by applied to export industries. his opening. Businesses should ­export control regulations is that Norway are by and large identi- also have routines to check up Norway wishes to make sure that cal to the lists used in the EU in Challenging for the on agreement partners, and as a any export of military­ ­materiel general, explains Asgeir Berg of businesses bare minimum, any information­ is done ­within the ­confines of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Messrs. Stein Ove Solberg and provided by the agreement part- Norwegian ­foreign policy and adding that the USA manages its Magnus Viddal of the Law Firm ners should be verified, perhaps according to Norway’s­ inter­ own set of lists (the USML list). Arntzen de Besche reviewed the against publicly available re- national obligations,­ said Furu. In order to apply for an more practical sides of how the cords. In many cases, business- And even though weapons ­export licence, a good place to businesses must manage their es are well advised to perform and military materiel are at the start is the search tool of the relations to Export controls and independent risk analysis of ­focus point of export control, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, sanctions. agreement partners, third par- there are also other goods and called “Elisens”, and found on It is of vital importance that ties and stake holders. ­services that are subject to strict the web site of www.eksport- the company keeps abreast of Businesses should also take controls regarding their exports. kontroll.no. the sanction rules and the ­export protective steps in the contract The export control regulations control rules and statutes­ at all documents, adding precaution- are in three parts, starting with Sanctions times, opened Magnus Viddal. ary statements that the delivery the “Act of 18 December 1987 Sanctions are largely based on For this purpose, the Ministry must be approved by the Minis- relating to control of the ­export which country is the destination of Foreign Affairs maintains a try of Foreign Affairs. ­Businesses of strategic goods, services, for the export. good set of home pages on their must at all costs avoid finding technology, etc”. This is supple- Sanctions are decided in highly recommended web site. themselves in a situation where mented with item lists, and with international regulatory bodies,­ The Ministry of Foreign Affairs they are torn between a breach the “Guidelines of 28 February such as the United Nations’ is also a very willing provider of contract and upholding the 1992 for the Ministry of Foreign ­Security Council. Further to of information, but it is worth regulations from the Ministry, Affairs”. this, the EU may decide upon ­noting that seeking clarifica- emphasises Berg. Breaching and enforce restrictive measures­ tions in a specific matter may contracts is usually quite costly, Item lists against certain countries, and take some time. so businesses need to be pro- Export of certain articles are Norway has a tradition of – For the businesses, it is a tected by agreement clauses that subject to licence according “­always” adopting any restric- good idea to have a clear picture includes provisions and exclu- to the regulations on export tive measure taken by the EU, as of who are the actual partners sions based on export licences control.­ the Norwegian side in ­general to any agreement, and who are and possible sanctions.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 13 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI)

FSi SMB CORPORATE PRESENTATION:

Dspnor was founded in 2003. Our initial product was the ScanFaker radar simulator hard- ware and software product range. Within a couple of years, we established a good reputation as a system problem-solver worldwide and have since worked for most of the major system ­integrators in the world.

ur business model world, with more than 100 ra- ­allows us to offer both dars operating simultaneously. Ostandard COTS pro­ In later years we have add- ducts (60%) and custom design ed RF capabilities and we are services (40%). ­currently developing micro- In 2012 a decision was wave applications for several made to add software to our customers. portfolio and the ScanView In 2017 we moved into Radar ­Processing Framework new purpose-built offices emerged as a result of this work. with multiple­ labs at the finest In 2015 we received the first ­location in Bergen. orders for the ScanView servers Dspnor employs 15 highly that are now the foundation for skilled engineers and have an the largest radar network in the export share of more than 90%.

FACTS Owners: 90% Agde Group AS, Defence related activities: the market is using the ScanFaker/ DeStreamer LAN to Radar 10% Others We never disclose our customers, SoftFaker series to provide realistic­ converter CEO and Chairman of the board: but the defence related activities radar video for their training Converts LAN radar data to various­ Geir Agdesteen are less than 30% of total sales. scenarios. The interface supports analogue formats in order to the full functionality required by the ­support existing C2 investments. FSI: Product range: different radar display vendors. Dspnor has been a member since We offer what is probably the ScanView Radar Processing 2013. largest radar interconnect and ScanStreamer Radar to LAN Framework: We decided to join FSI since the processing range in the world, of converter The most significant package is membership expands our network which some are described here: With close to a 1000 units sold, the the ScanServer Coastal Surveil- and may increase the chance of ScanStreamer has been a success lance Server which is capable meeting the appropriate people Radar Signal Converter (RSCC). since its introduction in 2012. It is the of extraction­ and tracking of when working internationally. Analog signal converter that only converter on the market that more than 20000 targets and Further, leaning on “lessons handle conversion to and from a ­offers both a sophisticated radar distributing the data in a number learned” from other Norwegian number of proprietary formats. video processor and a seamless of formats including Asterix, IVEF, SME’s is important for our own More than 50 different combi­ connection to any marine radar NMEA and HTTP. Other packages business development. nations are available. transceiver brand. No ScanStreamer­ includes Fusion­ Server, Radar has ever failed in operation, and an Display Servers­ and LAN format Input to FSI: ScanFaker Radar Simulator extremely low cost of ownership converters.­ Maybe a more consistent With a few exceptions every can therefore be achieved. Several distribution of offset opportunities? navigational simulation vendor in versions are available.

14 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 NORWEGIAN DEFENCE AND SECURITY INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION (FSI) DANISH LOOPHOLE EU DISAPPROVES OF DANISH OFFSET RULES

The EU Commission has opened an infringement ­procedure against Denmark over the country’s offset rules.

By Andreas Krog

n the last part of January, the EU ­Commission opened infringement pro- Icedures and sent letters of formal notice to Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland and Portugal for not applying EU rules on public procurement in defence and security markets, or applying them incorrectly. • In the case of Denmark, the ­Commission is concerned that the ­country has imposed unjustified offset require- The Danish offset rules from 2014 seems not to be acceptable for the EU Commission. Photo: EU Commission ments demanding compensation from non-national suppliers when purchas- ing defence equipment from them. It is affect competition on the common market services from other Member States and ­Denmark’s procurement of armoured for products not specifically intended for impede the free movement of goods and ­personnel carriers and artillery that has military purposes. services. caught the EU Commission’s attention. A contract may only include the re- Essential security interests quirement to implement part of it in the Found a loophole The key message in the new rules was recipient’s country based on local resources­ Denmark actually changed its off- therefore that it was necessary for the if such a measure is necessary, if it is not set rules back in 2014 to avoid having ­protection of Denmark essential security possible to obtain this same ­result ­using the EU ­Commission opening infringe- interests to have a competitive defence less restrictive measures and if the measure ment ­procedures against the country. ­industry within certain strategic areas. does not adversely affect competition­ of The ­commission found that the existing If other measures were not sufficient to non-military products, the EU ­Commission ­Danish rules were more a general setup, ­provide for this, offset obligations could underlines in a press release. than they were a result of an evaluation of come into the picture if the contract value With the European Defence Action the ­specific acquisition. They also found is over DKK 50 million. Plan, the Commission wants to ensure the that job creation was the main reason for The Danish Ministry of Defence effective application of defence procure- ­demanding offset, and not the protection assesses the need for offset obligations ment rules to help companies operate of Denmark’s essential security interests. on a case by case-basis. The Danish across borders and help Member States get Finally, the rules did not take into account ­Business Authority thereafter assesses if best value for money. how offset obligations affects competition the ­obligations will adversely affect the on the common market for products not competition. Finally, The Defence Ministry Not that communicative specifically intended for military purposes. decides if the foreign companies shall be The Danish defence industry is follow- After an extensive process the obliged to deliver offset work equal to the ing the EU’s interest for the offset rules ­Danish Business Authority was convinced whole value of the acquisition, or only a ­intensively. But the Danish Business that they had found a loophole that made lesser share. ­Authority is not that communicative about it possible to maintain an extensive degree the opening letter and Denmark’s possible of offset obligations for foreign industry Free movement of goods and response. doing business with The Danish Armed services “We are now in a process of Forces. The Danes believed the rules would be ­reviewing the opening letter from the EU The Danes found their loop- acceptable to the commission, but it Commission. But due to national security hole in Article 346 in the “Treaty on the now seems that they were not. The EU interests, we cannot say more than that,” ­Functioning of the European Union” ­Commission sees offset requirements or director Katrine Winding from the Danish (TFEU). This article’s section b) allows EU equivalent forms of industrial return, Business Authority said at a conference for countries to take measures they consider­ ­compensation, industrial participation and Danish defence industry in the beginning necessary for the protection of their industrial cooperation required from non- of February. ­essential security interests in connection national suppliers as restrictive measures Denmark and the four other EU with the production of or trade in arms, which go against the basic principles of Member States now have two months to munitions and war material. Measures the EU Treaty, because they discriminate respond to the arguments put forward by taken under Article 346 may not adversely against economic operators, goods and the Commission.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 15 ELECTRONICS & DEFENSE

YOUR SIXTH SENSE ONBOARD

Safran Electronics & Defense Surface Ship Solutions Only Safran Electronics & Defense can supply all types of ships with essential onboard technologies like navigation, night vision and systems for surveillance, fi re control and self-protection. So if you’re looking to heighten your safran-electronics-defense.com fl eet’s sixth sense, look no further : @SafranElecDef

Safran_Surface_210x297.indd 1 30/06/16 15:38 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

ELECTRONICS & DEFENSE – B u l l e t i n B o a r d f o r D e f e n c e , I nd u s t ry a nd T r a d e –

Hauled Self-Defence Pod XM17 and XM18 Modular Israel Aerospace Industries craft and is hauled behind with Handgun System (IAI) released a new electronic a simple cord. warfare system which provides During flights in areasThe XM17 and XM18 hand- The main reason for the an added layer of self-defence threatened by enemy mis- gun systems from Sig Sauer are change in weapon systems is to for aircrafts. The cost-effective siles, the bait is deployed at ­replacing the M9 pistol. The “X” make the soldier and units more system is hauled by the air- a safe ­distance from the lead- in “XM” stands for experimental lethal. craft, protecting it by acting ing ­aircraft and emits signals and will be used until ­February as distractor­ to radar-guided to ­attract the missile, away 2018 when the ­weapons ­missiles. The new hauled “bait” from the aircraft. The system ­complete Type Classification. is named ELL-8270. is capable­ of handling several Afterwards, the weapons will be The ELL-8270 is differen- threats simultaneously, can be referred to as the M17 and M18. tiated from other solutions in used by all aircraft types, is ex- The XM18 is the compact version being completely autonomous, tremely lightweight and can be of the XM17. Both weapons are which means it needs no power rolled back into the aircraft or capable of firing­ 9 mm rounds. or signals from the leading air- abandoned, if necessary. The Army currently has plans to buy approximately 238,000 units of the new pistol system. Photo: Sig Sauer

Lightweight torpedo for ­Hamina-class ships The Finnish Navy has signed (ASW) solution that has been a contract with Saab for the designed for littoral conditions. ­development and supply of new The torpedo’s wire control­ lightweight torpedoes for the system enables operator four Hamina-class fast attack support,­ allowing commanders­ crafts (FACs). to engage targets in close The delivery is expected to ­vicinity of friendly units, as well form part of the navy’s Squadron­ as in narrow spaces. 2000 mid-life upgrade pro- Delivery of the equipment is gramme for the FACs, which slated to begin this year. will help ensure and develop The torpedo system can be the navy’s mission capability. launched from surface vessels,­ Photo: IAI YOUR SIXTH SENSE ONBOARD Saab will also deliver tor- aircraft and submarines in pedo systems, documentation, ­various anti-submarine and training and support services as anti-surface­ roles. Saab to support South Korean part of the arrangement. It is suitable for operations Safran Electronics & Defense Surface Ship AESA fighter radar development The contracted lightweight in both littoral and blue waters, Solutions torpedo system is a flexible, ad- as well as under cold, warm and Only Safran Electronics & Defense can supply all types of Saab has received an order to and production of a variety of vanced anti-submarine warfare brackish conditions. ships with essential onboard technologies like navigation, support the development of an advanced precision electronic night vision and systems for surveillance, fi re control airborne AESA fighter radar for systems. and self-protection. So if you’re looking to heighten your safran-electronics-defense.com South Korea. Under the SEK125m fl eet’s sixth sense, look no further : @SafranElecDef The radar development ($15.2m) order, Saab will programme will be carried out ­support algorithm development in collaboration between the and evaluation for the AESA Korean Agency for Defence fighter radar. ­Development (ADD), Saab, South Korea seeks to de- and its contractual partner LIG velop a domestic fighter aircraft Nex1. equipped with relevant avionics Based in Seoul, LIG Nex1 equipment such as the AESA is involved in the development radar. Photo: Saab

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 17

Safran_Surface_210x297.indd 1 30/06/16 15:38 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Concerns over Carrier Strike budget Kongsberg and Patria support missile systems development A UK parliamentary committee there is still a need to fully verify has expressed apprehensions the cost of certain aspects of the Norway-based Kongsberg The new centre will focus­ regarding a potential threat to initiative. ­Defence & Aerospace has on advanced missile system defence projects, which could Carrier Strike is currently ­entered into an agreement with technology to help support be caused by possible cost slated to involve the delivery Finnish firm Patria to create new the Finnish Defence Forces ­overruns related to the country’s of two Queen Elizabeth-class opportunities for cooperation­ in supplying­ effective local Carrier Strike project. aircraft carriers, as well as new on missile systems. ­security. It will also support The committee noted that F-35 Lightning II jets and a new Under the deal, the industrial missile development the project is expensive and that radar system. ­companies will work on the activities with Kongsberg’s development of a Missile ­global customer base. ­Competence Centre in Finland, The collaboration will enable open tactical framework (OTF) the two companies to support core technologies and system new opportunities in missile architecture software for missile systems and coastal defence sys- programmes in the country. tems. This will develop a long- The companies will also term partnership with the Finn- ­develop international opportu- ish and international markets. nities linked to these capabili- In March 2016, Kongsberg ties. acquired 49.9% shares in Patria.

The Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier. Photo: Royal Navy Modular bridging system BAE Systems has successfully It can be used by army demonstrated the safety and personnel to carry out assault performance of its new Modular­ crossings, restore vital lifelines Tactical radios to Latvian Army Bridging System, supporting its and military routes, and ­provide US-based manufacturer ­Harris livered last year use an en­ bid to provide the system for rapid replacement of civilian has developed and delivered cryption technique and were the British Army and export ­infrastructure in combat and military tactical radios worth procured under a specific con- customers. disaster­ relief. more than $10.5m to the tract with the US Government. During testing, the Several smaller tests were ­Latvian Armed Forces. In December last year, the ­company simulated more also conducted with more The acquisition is a part of Ministry of Defence and the US than 22,000 crossings of the than 300,000 fatigue cycles the continuing efforts to ­develop government signed a new deal ­Challenger 2 Main Battle Tank ­being carried out on individual a sustainable communications for the delivery of tactical radios on the system.­ These have the components.­ system compatible with other and accessories valued at more ­equivalent weight of 121,000 The bridge panels have NATO allies. The tactical radios than $17m. double-decker­ buses. been equipped with new are expected to help strengthen Under the contract, the first The simulation was carried ­Bluetooth-enabled sensors that the command capability of the batch of radios will be delivered out at the company’s bridge test help analyse­ approximately 100 Latvian Army. to Latvia at the beginning of facility in Telford, England. strain readings each second. The radios that were de­ next year. Designed to offer a ­flexible This provides the soldiers and rapidly deployable military with a more complete and gap crossing solution, the new ­real-time picture of the health Crypto telephones from lightweight Modular Bridging of the bridge systems. System can be easily ­transported The development of Dutch ministries by air. the bridge involved 28,000 The Dutch Ministry of the sified information relating to engineering­ hours. ­Interior has renewed and ­national security without the ­expanded its contract for se- risk of eavesdropping. cure communications with All Dutch ministries have Sectra The contract extends used Sectra’s secure com- over four years and compris- munications service since es Sectra’s Tiger­ solutions for 2007. The service comprises ­secure communications and ­Sectra’s ­solutions at the very will be delivered as a service, high SECRET­ level, and the in which Sectra assumes over- ­contract is now being extended all responsibility­ for the system. to also include Sectra Tiger/R, With Sectra’s solutions, Dutch ­Sectra’s solution for the secure ministries and government of- use of smartphones, at the ficials cancommunicate ­ clas- RESTRICTED­ level. Photo: BAE

18 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Piranha for Romania Raytheon wins $641m contract General Dynamics European the country under a strategic for BMDS testing activities Land Systems (GDELS) has ­cooperation and transfer of signed a $1bn contract to sup- technology project between The US Missile Defence Agency Under the indefinite-­ ply Piranha 5 armoured vehicles GDELS company Mowag and has awarded a $641.8m contract­ delivery, indefinite-quantity to the Romanian Armed Forces. Romania-based Uzina Mecanica to Raytheon for conducting­ (IDIQ) contract, Raytheon will Under the contract, the Bucuresti (UMB). ­ballistic missile defence system help the contractor test multiple company will be responsible for Since 2006, the ­Romanian (BMDS) tests for multiple radar radar platforms. delivering up to 227 units of the Armed Forces has fieldedplatforms. This includes planning, ex- Piranha 5 vehicles to Romania ­variants of Piranha vehicles The work will be carried ecution and evaluation of sensor in six different configurations. that have been used in a range out by Raytheon’s Integrated performance in flight and ground The 8×8 wheeled Piranha­ of missions within the country Defence Systems (IDS) business tests as set out in the BMDS 5s will be manufactured in and globally. segment. ­integrated master test plan.

3D-Audio system the US Air Force

Terma North America has re- Audio system of the F-16 C ceived a $44.3m contract to and D Fighting Falcon aircraft supply the 3D-Audio system to ­operated by the US Air Force the US Air Force (USAF) until Reserve Command and the US January 2024. Air National Guard. The company will pro- The 3D-Audio solution is vide engineering, integration, designed to reduce acoustical support equipment, spares, and electrical noise in aircraft. Photo: GDELS and repair services to the 3D-

F-35 for Belgium The US Defence Security Co- global support system (ALGS), operation Agency (DSCA) has autonomic logistics information­ notified Congress of a possible system (ALIS), full mission foreign military sale (FMS) of trainer, weapons employment 34 F-35 joint strike fighter con- capability, as well as other ventional take-off and landing subsystems and F-35 support (CTOL) aircraft to Belgium for equipment. an estimated cost of $6.53bn. Lockheed Martin Aero- Along with 34 F-35 Joint nautics Company and Pratt Strike CTOL, the Government and Whitney Military Engines A Russian navy Ka-27PS factory-standard machine. The Navy’s Ka-27PL of Belgium also requested to have been cited as the potential antisubmarine versions are now being upgraded. Photo: Vladimir Karnozov buy 38 Pratt and Whitney prime contractors for the FMS. F-135 engines, which include In 2015, the Belgian 34 installed and four spares. ­Government confirmed aKa-27M helicopters to The possible sale also in- ­requirement for 34 new multi- Russian Navy cludes electronic warfare sys- role combat aircraft to replace tems, an autonomic logistics the 54 ageing F-16s. Russian Helicopters has based command posts have ­successfully completed the been installed on the helicopters­ transfer of a batch of ship- as part of the initiative. borne anti-submarine Ka-27M Ka-27-type helicopters ­helicopters to the Russian Navy. have been designed to carry The upgrade provides the out anti-submarine­ warfare helicopters with all-around missions for the navy and can ­visibility in order to facilitate be integrated on-board a wide the detection of all types of range of ­naval vessels, including ­vessels and submarines. aircraft carriers.­ In addition to increasing The Russian Naval Avia- the detection and de­struction tion’s helicopter fleet includes range of the aircraft, advanced several Ka-27 multipurpose A Dutch F-35. Recently the Belgium Government decided to buy 34 F-35 ­methods of transmitting helicopters featuring various ­fighters. Photo: US Air Force ­information to land and ship modifications.

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 19 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

First C-130J Super Hercules 3D-printed aircraft engine part for France for Hornet fighter France’s Armée de l’Air has delivery airlifters and two KC- Finland’s first 3D-printed Patria is actively involved in ­officially received the country’s 130J aerial refuellers. ­aircraft engine part had its exploring new methods of man- first C-130J Super Hercules The deliveries of the jets are ­maiden flight on 5 ­January ufacturing and repairing various aircraft for the airforce’s 62nd slated to take place throughout 2018. The part has been parts. “For this part, the devel- Transport Wing. next year. ­installed in the F/A-18 Hornet opment work has been done The French Air Force will France’s new C-130Js will fighter.Patria ­ has been working over the last two years, with the procure a total of four Super be operated with its existing on the manufacturing­ process aim of exploring the manufac- Hercules aircraft, which in- Hercules aircraft fleet. for 3D-printed parts over the turing process for 3D-printable cludes two C-130J-30 combat last two years. parts, from drawing board to The part was designed in practical application. Using 3D accordance with the MDOA printing to make parts enables ­approval granted to Patria and a faster process from customer was manufactured from the need to finished product, as ­Inconel 625 superalloy. MDOA well as the creation of newer, approval refers to Military better structures. We will con- ­Design Organisation Approval tinue research on additive­ man- in accordance with European ufacturing methods, with the Military Aviation ­Requirements aim of making the new technol- (EMARs) and granted by the ogy more efficient,” says Ville Finnish Military Aviation Ahonen, Vice President, Patria’s Photo: French Air Force Authority­ (FMAA). Aviation business unit.

Ballistic missile defence for Turkey U.S. Navy to Evaluate Anti-Sub- Turkey has awarded Eurosam, This study paves the way marine Warfare Training System Aselsan and Roketsan a contract for the launch of a three-­ for the definition study of the country joint Long Range Air Saab will demonstrate its anti-­ Saab’s AUV62-AT package future Turkish Long Range Air and ­Missile Defence Program. submarine warfare (ASW) trains operators in submarine and Missile Defence System. The future system will be ready ­training system, the AUV62-AT, surveillance, detection, identifi- Scheduled to last 18 by the middle of the next de- for the U.S. Navy (USN). The cation, classification, and target months, this definition study cade with a military capability AUV62-AT is an artificial acoustic engagement. The AUV62-AT aims at preparing the develop- ­designed to counter the most system that mimics a submarine. is an artificial acousticsystem ­ ment and production contract challenging threats (stealth air- The USN will evaluate that mimics a submarine in a for the future system meeting craft, UAVs, cruise missiles, and Saab’s AUV62-AT against USN way that is compatible with the operational requirements of ballistic missiles). systems through the Foreign any ­torpedo- and sonar system­ the Turkish Air Force. Comparative Testing (FCT) on the market today. The Program. The demonstration is ­system fully replaces the use planned for summer 2018, with of a submarine­ in the role as Mid-life upgrade of Hamina Class an option to continue testing a manoeuvring­ training target into 2019. and can be launched from a fast attack craft The USN is investigating a ship, a submarine, or shore. The Patria has signed an agree- the delivery contract, without replacement to its current ASW system is in service today with ment with the Finnish Defence ­options, is around 170 million training system for its Undersea a number of countries world- ­Forces on the mid-life upgrade Euros (excluding VAT). The Warfare Training Range. wide. and overhaul of the Finnish ­estimated employment effect of Defence Forces’ Hamina Class the programme in Finland will fast attack craft. The procure- be around 300 person-years. ment is part of the Naval Capa­ Patria will act as the prime bility Development Programme, contractor, designer and lead based on which the overhaul system integrator having the of ­Hamina Class vessels will overall responsibility for the ­ensure continued­ naval de- project. The delivery includes fence ­capabilities in the period a number of sensor, weapon between­ the decommissioning­ and communication systems, of ­Rauma Class fast attack ­system upgrades, as well as ship craft and the commissioning of technical modifications and ­Squadron 2020 corvettes during­ overhauls. the 2020s. The total value of Art impression of AUV62-AT Ill. Saab

20 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Ballistic missile defence for India Ballistic missile defence for Japan The Indian Defence Research (ITR) complex on Dr Abdul The US Defence Security Raytheon is set to deliver and Development Organisa- ­Kalam Island off the coast of ­Cooperation Agency (DSCA) the SM-3 Block IIA missiles un- tion (DRDO) has successfully Odisha. has notified Congress of a der the arrangement, while BAE completed the test-firing of its The incoming target was ­possible foreign military sale Systems will be responsible for ballistic missile defence (BMD) ­intercepted at an altitude of (FMS) of Standard Missile-3 supplying the MK 29 missile system. more than 15km. (SM-3) Block IIA missiles to canisters. During the test, DRDO’s The latest interception is Japan.­ Developed in cooperation interceptor missile successfully the fourth in a row where the The potential $133.3m with Japan, Raytheon’s SM-3 engaged an incoming ballistic missiles have accurately hit FMS was requested by the Block IIA interceptor can be de- missile. ­incoming targets, according to Government of Japan and has ployed both on land and at sea. Testing was carried out on the statement. been approved­ by the US State The missile features larger LC-III integrated test range Department.­ rocket motors that enable it to Japan is slated to procure defend broader areas from bal- four SM-3 Block IIA missiles listic missile threats, and a larg- and four MK 29 missile canis- er, enhanced kinetic warhead Iveco vehicles to German and ters under the possible deal. that helps improve its search, ­Romanian armed forces The missile systems is discrimination, acquisition and ­expected to provide Japan with tracking functions to address CNH Industrial’s defence and ­Ministry of National ­Defence. an improved ballistic missile emerging threats. civil protection brand Iveco The delivery is due to be ­defence capability in order to Japan initially requested the Defence Vehicles has signed ­completed by this year. assist the defence of the coun- FMS of Standard Missile-2 (SM- new contracts for the delivery The Romanian contract try’s homeland, as well as US 2) Block IIIB missiles, equipment of major orders to German and will supply purpose designed personnel stationed in the re- and support for an estimated Romanian armed forces. 6×6 military logistic vehicles gion. cost of $821m in July last year. The first contract signed from the Iveco Defence Vehicles with German company Bw- high-mobility truck range. Fuhrpark Service will provide The vehicles are designed US Army contract for M109A7 a new fleet of military medium to transport troops and equip- multipurpose 4×4 trucks for the ment. They are equipped with a BAE Systems has secured a new BAE Systems will be initially German Army. self-recovery winch, improved contract from the US Army to responsible for manufacturing Under the contract, Iveco mobility and fording abilities begin the full-rate production 48 vehicle sets. will be responsible for pro­ viding­ to offer tactical support for any of the M109A7 self-propelled The contract also includes the army with a total of 280 military operation. howitzer and M992A3 ammu- provisions for the development ­Eurocargo trucks this year. In addition, the military nition carrier vehicles. of 60 vehicle sets each year for The current deal between logistic vehicles are C-130 air The contract includes an three years. Iveco Defence Vehicles and transportable. initial $413.7m award to carry Featuring a new chassis de- BwFuhrpark­ Service resulted­ Iveco Defence Vehicles out the third and final option sign, the M109A7 howitzer will from a two-year intensive has also secured other recent for low-rate production on the help provide enhanced perfor- ­market evaluation and compre- contract awards with German programme. mance and survivability. hensive practical trials with a Bundeswehr. It also comes with extended The howitzer uses the ex- demonstrator vehicle. The deals include orders options, which could take the isting main armament and cab The second order is for the for 133 armoured Trakker-8×8 total value of the contract to ap- structure of the M109A6 Pala- supply of 173 military ­logistics trucks. proximately $1.7bn. din self-propelled howitzer. vehicles to the Romanian­

Iveco High Mobility Truck Photo: Iveco M109A7 in Alaska Photo: BAE Systems

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 21 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

First Tiger HAD attack helicopter The French Army Aviation has ­increased maximum take-off received the first of 36 Tiger weight (MTOW). multi-role attack helicopters The Tiger also features a retrofitted into the helicóptero new STRIX roof-mounted sight de ataque y destrucción (HAD) system with a laser designator version. that allows the Hellfire II air-to- The Airbus Helicopters ground missile to be fired. ­delivery follows a formal The Tiger HAD is capable ­acceptance process with the of performing a variety of mis- Art impression of rotary-wing drone for warships Ill. Naval Group French Defence Procurement sions in adverse conditions, Agency (DGA). such as armed reconnaissance, Building the first demonstrator of More than 100 airframe air or ground escort, air-to- modifications and 1,500 new air combat, and ground firing a rotary-wing drone for a warship parts will be installed as part support. The DGA (Direction Générale­ Size ­Frigates (FTIs) and other of the conversion of Tiger To date, the global Tiger de l’Armement) has ­awarded French Navy ships. from the hélicoptère d’appui et fleet has recorded more than a contract for technology ­protection (HAP) to the HAD 92,000 flight hours. ­development in the field of VSR700 version The Tiger attack helicop- ­rotary-wing drones to the Naval­ Based on an innovative, Powered by two new ter is currently in service with Group and Airbus Helicopters ­versatile, robust and economi- ­improved MTR 390 E the armed forces in France, consortium. The contract covers­ cal helicopter­ platform, the ­engines, the HAD Tiger has an ­Germany, Spain and Australia. de-risking studies ahead of VSR700 drone system is being ­construction of a future ­tactical developed by Airbus Helicop- helicopter drone demonstrator ters to offer its military clients aboard warships. the combination of multi-role The purpose of the contract performance, reliability and awarded by the DGA is to iden- ­operating costs. This 700-kg tify, deploy and test the technol- drone is derived from a light ci- ogies necessary for the integra- vilian helicopter, the Cabri G2. tion of a tactical drone-system The VSR700 can exceed capacity within a ­heavily armed 10 flight hours of operational vessel. It forms part of the ­autonomy with a payload capa­ preparation of the SDAM (Navy city of up to 150 kg, offering Airborne Drone System),­ whose performance levels that have, entry into service is foreseen­ until now, been the reserve of for the middle of the next aircraft of a significantly higher ­decade on new Inter­mediate- category and size.

Terma to modify Belgian ­Defence’s F-16 pylons The Belgian Defence (BD) has the Netherlands, and Belgium, awarded a contract to Terma have ordered the Terma PIDS+ to supply the pylon integrated ­pylons for their F-16 aircraft. ­dispensing system (PIDS+) for All of Terma’s PIDS+ pylons the airforce’s F-16 aircraft. are integrated with the Hensoldt The latest PIDS+ variant AAR-60(V) 2 missile warning ­features both left and right- system (MWS). hand pylons integrated with Terma has also separately three dispensers. secured another contract from The additional dispenser the Belgian Defence for its air- magazine was installed using craft audio management system a new compact variant of the (AAMS), which includes major Terma digital sequencer switch. 3D-audio and noise reduction With the award, all original­ capabilities. European Participating Air The Terma AAMSs are slated Forces (EPAF) countries, which to be deployed on a total of 54 Airbus Helicopters delivered the first Tiger retrofitted into the HAD version to involve Denmark, Norway, BD F-16 aircraft. the French Army Aviation Photo: A.Pecchi/Airbus

22 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

NH90 for Qatar configuration for ­operation by F-35 Avionics Test Centre the Qatar Armed Forces Air Qatar has signed a contract Academy. in Denmark for the purchase of 28 NH90 The NH90 is well suited Terma Group has collaborated Terma develops, designs ­military ­helicopters. The agree- for operations in the most with Scandinavian Avionics to and manufactures electronic ment, which includes 16 ­demanding conditions and has establish Avionics Test Center components and software NH90s in tactical transport been combat-proven in many Denmark to offer European re- for industries and customers (TTH) configuration­ and 12 theatres of operation worldwide.­ gional maintenance capabilities ­within the international defence NH90s in naval (NFH) con- This contract for 28 helicopters for the F-35 fighter aircraft. market.­ figuration, will support thebrings the total­ order book to This will help support the Under the collaboration,­ ­country’s plan to modernise 543 aircraft. To date, 350 air- F-35 Lightning II aircraft pro- Terma and Scandinavian their ­military ­helicopter fleet. craft have been delivered­ to gramme in Europe and will in- ­Avionics will jointly provide As part of the plan, Qatar will 20 customers in 13 countries crease the maintenance, repair, a proposal on the support of receive 16 H125 light single- and have accumulated­ around and overhaul capabilities of the F-35 avionics toward the F-35 engine ­helicopters in training 170,000 flight hours. fighter jets. ­Program Office, and will invest The company is responsible in depot stand-up capability for designing and producing and seek possibilities to develop advanced composite structures the facility in close cooperation and electronic components for with the Danish Ministry of F-35 primes. Defence.­

Russia’s new tanker conducts first flight The Russian Air Force’s 14%, which is lower than that ­advanced prototype tanker of the D-30KP engines installed NH90 Photo: Airbus Helicopters ­IL-78M-90A has conducted its on the previous tanker modifi- maiden flight. cations. Built in Russia, the aircraft­ This enables IL-78M-90A to KC-46 tanker to Japan is the first tanker in thehave increased flight distance ­post-­Soviet period that has been and fuel capacity. Boeing has secured a $279m The KC-46 multi-role tanker designed by Ilyushin Aviation The Il-78M-90A aircraft contract to deliver first KC-46 is capable of refuelling all allied Complex and manufactured at is expected to become the Pegasus multi-role tanker to the and coalition military aircraft that aircraft factory Aviastar-SP. main tanker, adapted for aerial Japan Air Self-Defence Force are compatible with international Earlier, the production of ­refuelling of long-range, front (JASDF). aerial refuelling procedures. the IL-78 tanker was carried out line, and special aviation air- With the latest contract The tanker also features in Uzbekistan. craft. award, the JASDF becomes the a main deck cargo door and The new variant is based The system is capable of first international customer to strengthened cargo deck, and can on the military and transport simultaneously refuelling two procure the KC-46 aircraft. carry passengers and ­patients. aircraft­ IL-76MD-90A. front-line aviation aircraft such The Boeing-built KC-46 The KC-46’s floor includes The IL-78M-90A is as Su-27/30/34/35 and MiG- tanker has been chosen by seat tracks and a cargo ­handling equipped with four advanced 29/35. ­Japan through its KC-X aerial system that enables the air- PS-90A-76 engines with When positioned on the refuelling competition. craft to simultaneously carry high bypass ratio engine and ground, the new tanker will be The KC-46 will be an ­palletised cargo, personnel, and ­increased take-off rating. able to fill up to four aircraft at ­addition to the JASDF’s current aeromedical equipment in a The fuel consumption level the same. fleet of four KC-767J tankers. ­variety of combinations. of the latest engines is 12%-

A US Air Force KC 46 tanker Photo: Boeing First flight of the new tanker IL-78M-90A Credit: Ilyushin Aviation Complex

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 23 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Upgrade of German More Eurofighters for Saudi Arabia Army Vehicle Simulators The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Founded by four major has signed a memorandum of countries, Germany, Spain, the Saab has received an order implemented in the upgrade, intent with the UK Government UK, and Italy, Europe’s Euro- from the Federal Office of meaning that the German Army to purchase 48 Eurofighterfighter Typhoon programme is Bundeswehr Equipment, will be interoperable with most ­Typhoon multi-role fighter jets. being carried out by the Euro­ Information Techno­logy and of the European countries. The The new order, with a fighter consortium, which In-Service Support, BAAINBw, number of multinational ex- ­potential value of approximately­ ­comprises BAE Systems, Airbus for ercises is increasing and that’s £10bn, will help sustain job Defence and Space, and Leon- upgrade of the German why more and more countries ­opportunities at BAE Systems ardo – Aircraft Division. ­Army’s vehicle simulators. The choose the SISO standard. In after the company announced Eurofighter Typhoon is an total order value is SEK 107 mil- the near future, there will be 12 1,400 job cuts in October, advanced flexible, agile and lion. The upgrade programme countries in Europe using the ­reported the Independent. enduring multi-role combat will commence in 2018. new standard. In December, the company ­aircraft that offers simultane- For this upgrade Saab will The BT 46 system has signed a £5bn deal to deliver 24 ously deployable air-to-air and provide new software and been delivered to more than jets to Qatar. air-to-surface capabilities. hardware to German Army 20 countries­ supporting both ­vehicles and tanks operating ­combat training with vehicles the laser­ simulator BT 46, such and their weapons. More than as ­Leopard, Fennek, Marder 7000 vehicle­ simulators have and Wiesel. The new standard been delivered for more than for laser codes, SISO, will be 100 applications worldwide.

Saab buys Swedish firm Dock­ stavarvet and Muskövarvet yard Saab has acquired Sweden- 200 boats to customers across Eurofighters from Royal Saudi Air Force at Zeltweg, Austria, Airpower 2011 Airshow. Photo: Eurofighter - Katsuhiko Tokunaga based vessel manufacturer N. three continents to date. Sundin Dockstavarvet and the Muskövarvet is situated at repair shipyard Muskövarvet. the Muskö naval base in the Canada receives ultra-light The transaction is expected southern part of the Stock- to help strengthen Saab’s pro­ holm archipelago and offers full ­combat vehicles from Polaris duct offering in the naval sector. ­service repair works. The Canadian Special In December 2016, the Dockstavarvet is based The facility primarily carries­ ­Operations Forces Command ­Canadian Government awarded ­outside Örnsköldsvik in out works on the Swedish (­CANSOFCOM) has taken the the contract for the procure- ­northern Sweden and primarily­ ­Navy’s amphibious forces and delivery of its first ultra-light ment of 52 units of the ULCVs focuses on the production of has been a sister company to combat vehicles (ULCVs) from to Polaris, valued at approxi- aluminium boats. Dockstavarvet since 2007. US-based Polaris Industries. mately C$20.6m ($16.69m). The company was estab- Both acquisitions will form a Capable of providing fast The contract also included lished in 1905 and special- new business unit within Saab’s and mobile transportation over the option of 26 additional ises in the development and business area Kockums. rough terrain, the new ULCVs ­vehicles at an additional cost manufacture of modern, high- Dockstavarvet and Muskö­ will be deployed to help pro- over two years. speed combat and patrol boats varvet generate combined sales tect CAF personnel operating in In July last year, CANSOF- that can be deployed for both of approximately Skr250m challenging environments. COM exercised the option to ­military and civil applications. ($30.57m) and employ a total In addition, the vehicles buy an additional ten ULCVs, It has provided more than of 80 personnel. are specifically designed towhich took the total number support rapid deployment by of vehicles under the acquisi- most of the Royal Canadian Air tion to 62. The total value of the Force aircraft, in particular, the contract increased to approxi- ­CH-147F Chinook helicopter. mately C$23m ($18.64m).

High speed vessel from Dockstavarvet Photo: Dockstavarvet Ultra light vehicles from Polaris Industries Photo: Canadian Armed Forces

24 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 BULLETIN BOARD FOR DEFENCE, INDUSTRY AND TRADE

Huge potential for Boxer for Australia KONGSBERG in Qatar Rheinmetall set to supply the ­Australian KONGSBERG has signed a cooperation­ Defence Force with over 200 Boxer agreement in Qatar for long-term techno­ wheeled armoured reconnaissance logy development programs within vehicles.­ ­defence, maritime industry and digitali- The multi-billion dollar project will zation. see Rheinmetall deliver at least 211 of The first programme in relation to the the latest generation Boxer 8x8 vehicles,­ cooperation will be delivery of communi- with Rheinmetall’s advanced Lance cation, digitalization and tower solutions 30mm turret fitted to the reconnaissance Boxer 8x8 armoured vehicle is currentlig ­beeing used by Germany, The ­Netherlands and for military vehicles, a programme with variants. ­Lithuania. Photo: Rheinmetall a potential of approximately NOK 15 ­billion over the next eight years. The programme will be the largest in KONGSBERG’s history and entail 15.000 Norwegian man-labour years and involve more than 170 Norwegian sub-suppliers. Together with Barzan Holdings, KONGSBERG has established a new company for technology development programs. The company, BK Systems,­ will have its main office in Qatar ­Science & Technology Park, and ­KONGSBERG holding the CEO position. The park is an innovation hub for leading international industry and universities. Today, Barzan Holdings announced the companies that have been selected to deliver to the country’s upcoming vehicle programme which is to be delivered over the next eight years. KONGSBERG is to deliver ­tower ­solutions, and digitalization and ­communication solutions to 490 ­armoured vehicles­ delivered by the French company Nexter. The next steps in the process will be ­detailing and final negotiations prior to signing the final contract for the programme. KONGSBERG is to deliver the ­solutions “PROTECTOR Remote Weapon Station” and “Medium Caliber Turret” to the programme, both tower solutions ­developed for increased protection of ­personnel. The PROTECTOR Remote Weapon Station is a system that was developed in cooperation with Norwegian armed ­forces towards the end of the 1990s, and LEAN BRINGS YOU has since been continuously developed and is now the world-leading solution + SAFETY & RELIABILITY with close to 20.000 systems delivered to 19 nations. + VERY LONG LIFETIME The Medium Caliber Turret is a + COST EFFICIENCY ­further developed, larger sized solution + STEALTH & HSE currently under delivery to the US armed forces. In addition to the delivery of + MORE CARGO CAPACITY the tower solutions, the agreement also + LESS EMISSION AND FUEL ­includes delivery of integrated digitali- zation and communication solutions for the vehicles. WWW.STADT.NO

MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 25 COAST GUARD VESSELS LESS NH90 FLIGHT TIME FOR THE COAST GUARD On the 1st of February, the Chief of Defence submitted a re­ is the current expectation, says Admiral commendation to the Ministry of Defence on how to compensate Haakon Bruun-Hanssen. An assembled fleet of NH90’s will for the lacking delivery of operational service with the NH90. not cover the full needs of the Coast Guard in any case, and the Coast Guard assign- he Gap Analysis for the NH90 – We are now in a situation where ment can be resolved by finding other by the Defence was submitted­ we are compelled to reassess what we can measures such as the leasing of helicopter Tto the Ministry of Defence in do to achieve the most defence capa­bility materiel, and possibly the use of UAV’s. ­October 2017. The analysis pointed to from this investment. My recommen­ Norway has just taken delivery of a con­ ­siderable discrepancy between the dation is to prioritise the NH90 for frigate­ the first NH90 in the frigate version, and will ­operative needs of the Defence in terms of duty. This is because the helicopter­ is a continue the work on optimising the concept flight hour deliveries from the NH90, and weapons platform which is essential­ in order to produce as many flight hours as what currently looks like a possible future for the frigates’ ability to detect and possible. Any left-over hours may be ­assigned delivery might consist of. ­engage submarines. This is a task that is to the Coast Guard, and will thereby reduce The assessment of available flying­ of ­crucial importance for the defence of the need for alternative solutions. hours for the NH90 suggests a de­livery our ­coastal areas, and one that cannot The analysis has not evaluated the of some 2100 hours per year when the be solved by outsourcing to alternative possible procurement of other helicopters, ­helicopters are operational, while the ­civilian ­systems. This means having the terminating any current contracts, or other ­actual needs have been stipulated to helicopters configured for anti-submarine actions that lie beyond the area of responsi­ ­approximately 5400 annual hours. These operations, but with the ability for rapid bility under the Chief of Defence, or any analyses indicate that the NH90 will not be prioritising of CG assignments when such actions that entail a change of ambitions. capable of meeting the needs of both the a need arises. Otherwise, available hours Any solutions based on the recommenda- frigates and the Coast Guard. must be increased substantially over what tion will need further deliberations.

In the time leading up to 2024, the Coast Guard fleet of the Nordkapp class will be replaced by a trio of new vessels. The original planning called for these new vessels to carry NH90 helicopters on board. Having received offer submissions from three yards, The Norwegian Defence Materiel Agency has chosen to enter into negotiations with Vard Group AS Langsten for the possible contract to build the three new vessels. Ill. Forsvarsmateriell

26 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 KNM MAUD

THE LOGISTICS VESSEL KNM “MAUD” MADE ITS MAIDEN VOYAGE OFF THE SOUTH KOREAN COAST

ust before Christmas, the South ­Korean new ship. The original delivery date for the The KNM “Maud” will be the Jshipyard DSME started its seaworthiness­ vessel was said to be September 30, 2016, ­largest vessel of the Norwegian Navy, at testing of the new logistics ship destined which means the delivery has been delayed a total gross length of 182 meters. The for the Norwegian Navy, the KNM “Maud”. by a total of 18 months. The total costs for ­armament of the ship will be very limited, DSME will continue the test phase un- the project amounts to 1.9 BNOK, or about however, and restricted to just a quartet of til the 30th of April this year, when the 200 million EURO, which is within the Kongsberg Sea Protector weapons stations ­Norwegian Navy will take delivery of the original budget frame. for self-defence. Photo: DSME

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23741_NavalComm_185x135_e.indd 1 16.05.17 10:11 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 27 NAMMO NAMMO’S NEW ARTILLERY SHELL: DOUBLING THE RANGE While artillery ­traditionally has been limited to a maxi- mum range of 20-30 km, recent years have seen the introduction of new systems that support a maximum range of more than 40 km. This has significant tactical advantages, as it increases the area one artillery gun can cover by more than 75%.

hese advantages have driven a number of countries to begin up- Tgrading their artillery guns with longer L-52 barrels necessary to fire at such ranges. This investment has however been held back by a lack of suitable ammunition.­ One solution has been to fit the shells with expensive guidance systems,­ but forces can rarely afford to buy as many of these shells as they would need. Nammo’s new artillery ammunition reaches a maximum height of 16 km, or more than 50,000 feet, when To address this issue, Nammo began fired at its maximum range of more than 40 km. The base bleed is easily visible in this photo. Photo: Nammo in 2012 developing a new type of extended range ammunition that would have sufficient The new 155 mm IM HE-ER shell Tomorrow’s extreme range accuracy without a significant increase in is fitted with a small rocket motor known In a not-so-distant future one may costs. Now, five years later the ammunition is as a base bleed. A base bleed is essentially see the introduction of ‘extreme tested and ready, and recently Nammo secured a small rocket installed at the base of a range’ ammunition, using ramjet-assisted the Finnish Armed Forces as its first customer. shell that is ignited when it is fired. As it shells, something that Nammo is already The new shell design is known as burns, the base stabilizes the airflow over ­exploring. This could allow a standard the 155 mm IM HE-ER (Insensitive Muni- the projectile, reducing drag, and thereby 155 mm gun to fire at ranges up to 90 tions, High Explosive, Extended Range.) adding range. The base bleed itself do not km. add thrust to the shell.

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28 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 PATRIOT SWEDEN SEEKS $3.2BN SALE OF PATRIOT MISSILE SYSTEMS

The US State Department has approved an The Patriot missile ­system will enhance ­estimated $3.2bn potential foreign military Sweden’s missile sale of Patriot Configuration-3+ ­modernised ­defence capability.­ In photo German soldiers fire units toSweden. ­ fires the­Patriot air defense missile system­ otified by the US Defence Security Cooperation during Exercise Arte- mis Strike in Chania,­ ­Agency, the sale requires Congress approval. Raytheon Greece on ­November 7, ­Corporation and Lockheed-Martin will serve as the 2017. Photo: US N MOD/S. Apel prime contractors for the sale. Under the proposed sale, Sweden has also requested for four AN / MPQ-65 radar sets, four AN / MSQ-132 engagement control - In our evaluating process we selected the Patriot systems stations, nine antenna mast groups, 12 M903 launching stations, 100 based on the ability to counter incoming ballistic missiles, like the Patriot MIM-104E Guidance Enhanced Missile-TBM (GEM-T) mis- Russian Iskander missile. This was one of the main requirements siles, 200 Patriot Advanced Capability-3 (PAC-3) Missile Segment En- in our evaluation process. hancement (MSE) missiles, and four electrical power plants (EPP) III. - We have also registered that Poland, Germany and Holland - This requested approval for the USD 3.2 bn sale of ­Patriot are looking to buy or upgrade their Patriot based systems, and we systems represents at total list of the maximum operational needs for hope to achieve some kind of cooperation with these nations. the Swedish armed forces. So far, our budget for buying ­Patriot missile­ - The Swedish armed forces plan to operate the Patriot­ systems is approximately 10bn SEK (USD 1.35bn), says Joakim­ Lewin ­Systems as air defence and missile shields for crucial ­military in the Swedish Defence Material Administration (FMV). Then it will ­infrastructure, like air force and naval bases, Lewin says in be up to our political authorities to decide if we get further budget ­conclusion, and adds that delivery within the expected SEK 10 bn funding to purchase additional Patriot systems. order is expected to take place from 2020 to 2025.

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MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 29 DANISH DEFENCE AGREEMENT DANISH DEFENCE TO HAVE A BRIGADE, MISSILES AND TORPEDOES

A six-year Danish defence agreement will have the country’s­ By Andreas Krog military build up a brigade, install ­missiles and become ­capable of ­anti-submarine warfare with ships and helicopters. n the end of January, the Danish ­government and the Social ­Democrats, Ithe Danish People’s Party and the ­Social-Liberal Party reached an agree- ment regarding the Danish defence for the ­period of 2018-2023. The new defence agreement ­represents what the government calls a substantial investment in defence to pro- tect and defend Denmark. The Parties agree to increase defence spending with DKK 800 million in 2018 with an increas- ing trend to DKK 4.8 billion more in 2023. This is an increase in defence spending by The Danish defence will buy dipping sonar and torpedoes for their new MH-60R Seahawk helicopters. more than 20 per cent as well as a signifi- Photo: Simon Elbeck / Forsvarsgalleriet. cant increase in equipment investment.

KEY ELEMENTS OF THE DANISH DEFENCE AGREEMENT 2018-2023 BUILD-UP OF A BRIGADE As part of preparing the Navy frigates for identify ­alternative, flexible options including, if The Danish Army shall build up the capability­ to ­carrying missiles, a number of SM-2 missiles necessary, a land-based contribution. deploy a brigade in the event of an extraordinary will be acquired, and initial preparatory work security political situation, and with due warning. will be commenced with a view to ­acquiring LONG-RANGE PRECISION GUIDED ­MISSILES SM-6 missiles with a longer range. This A potential future acquirement of ­long-range Based on the Army’s current operational ­provides Denmark with a more complete frigate precision guided missiles will be investigated­ capabilities, work will be undertaken to build capacity that meets NATO’s force goals on through a preliminary study that will assess a the brigade which can contribute to deter a maritime area air defence. possible subsequent ­acquisition in the medium more equal opponent and take part in ­collective term (2023-2026). defence under a NATO ­framework. When not ANTI-SUBMARINE WARFARE fully deployed, the ­brigade’s composite units The armed forces will build an effective TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT can also be deployed­ ­individually, thereby also anti-submarine capacity that can both track Two additional flight crews will be added to ­enhancing the overall ability to participate and combat submarines. The anti-submarine the Air Force transport aircraft C-130J and the more in ­international missions. capacity shall consist of the following: maintenance structure will be enhanced. This will increase the transport aircraft potential The brigade comprises of new and - Three of the Navy frigates and ­support ships generation of flight hours by ­approximately 20 strengthened­ capabilities: will be equipped to take part in ­anti-submarine percent. • More battle tanks for operations. warfare by providing them with sonar equip- • Ground-based air defence. ment that can detect submarines. FIGHTER AIRCRAFT • Anti-armour weapon systems for the combat The Political Agreement of 9 June 2016 on the battalions. - Anti-torpedo systems will also be acquired, so acquisition of 27 F-35 aircraft is endorsed. This • Additional artillery. ships equipped with such a system can defend ensures a continued ability to uphold Danish • An additional reconnaissance squadron. themselves against enemy ­torpedoes. sovereignty and the ability to insert combat • Further equipment for electronic warfare aircraft in international operations, or ultimately and new sensors. - A number of dipping sonars will be purchased to contribute to NATO’s collective defence of • A drone operating capacity. for the Armed Forces MH-60R Seahawk Danish and Allied territory. • Logistics, command support, engineering helicopters so they can participate in anti- equipment, etc. submarine warfare. MINE LAYING With the investments from 2018 to 2023 the Training of a small number of officers will be Armed Forces will by 2024 have a deployable - Torpedoes will be procured for the ­Seahawk launched to ensure that a fundamental knowl- brigade of approximately 4000 troops who meet helicopters. edge of mine-laying operations is maintained. NATO’s force goals for a medium sized brigade. The Danish Defence will also prioritise NEW NAVY MULTI TASK VESSELS STRENGTHENING THE FRIGATES enhanced cooperation with other ­countries An ongoing tender for new pollution control WITH AREA AIR DEFENCE regarding education and training in vessels has been cancelled. Instead the Danish The Danish frigates of the Iver Huitfeldt class anti-submarine­ warfare. defence will examine a solution where new will be prepared and equipped with missiles military vessels, in addition to their operational so they can defend and protect a naval force BALLISTIC MISSILE DEFENCE (BMD) military tasks, when necessary, can also solve and coastal areas against enemy aircraft and The declaration from the NATO Summit in environmental protection and pollution control certain types of missiles. The frigates would Wales in 2014 by which Denmark pledged to tasks. This will increase the number of military also be able to deploy to international missions contribute to NATO’s defence against ­ballistic vessels within Danish domestic waters. The in a littoral area air defence role. missiles with a sensor ­capacity is re-confirmed ­existing aging pollution control vessels are not by the parties behind the agreement. A final armed and can only perform tasks related to ­recommendation is awaiting further studies to pollution control.

30 MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 DANISH DEFENCE AGREEMENT

A core ally The Agreement will strengthen Danish ­Defence contributions to NATO’s collective deterrence, improve capacity to contribute­ to international operations, enhance ­Defence contributions to national security and increase cyber defence as well as the national emergency preparedness. The Danish defence minister Claus Hjort said: “The Agreement demonstrates our resolve and determination to protect and defend a safe and secure Denmark­ as well as maintaining our position as a core ally to NATO. The strengthening of Defence­ is necessary­ in the light of the ­deteriorated security political situation. Today’s Agree- ment delivers a strengthened Danish Defence – with more troops and better­ equipment – and an enhanced national ­preparedness.” The three Danish frigates will be equipped with missiles for Area Air Defence. The agreement comprises among Photo: Carsten Sandberg / Forsvarsgalleriet. other of the build-up of a deployable ­brigade, equipping the Danish frigates with area air defence and making the Living up to NATO guideline With the agreed investments in Navy and the Air Force able to contribute­ The equipment investments over the the Danish defence, the country will how- to ­anti-submarine warfare with sonar and ­agreement period demonstrate that ever still not spend as much on defence as ­anti-submarine torpedoes. A potential ­Denmark aims to live up to NATO’s ­Denmark and the other NATO countries ­future acquisition of long-range ­precision ­guideline of investing 20 percent of the have promised each other to do in 2024. guided missiles will be investigated defence budget on new equipment, the The defence agreement will increase the through a preliminary study. ­defence minister points out. Danish defence spending from 1.14 per- cent of the country’s GDP to 1,3 percent.

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MILITÆRTEKNIKK 1/2018 31 www.eurosam.com GLOBALEYE AEW&C

FIRST GLOBALEYE AEW&C AIRCRAFT

Roll-out of first GlobalEye. Saab is currently producing the GlobalEye AEW&C, combining air, maritime and ground surveillance in one single solution. GlobalEye combines a full suite of sensors including the powerful new extended range radar (Erieye ER), with the ultra-long range Global 6000 jet aircraft. Photo: Saab

In February Saab rolled out GLOBALEYE AEW&C the first GlobalEye Airborne GROUND SURVEILLANCE Designed to work in severe down to the size of a Detects moving objects clutter and ­jamming periscope Early Warning & Control through long-range wide ­conditions AIS, EOS and ISAR for (AEW&C) at its Linköping area GMTI Adaptive AESA radar – identifying objects Radar images, weather energy is focused on areas site, Sweden. GlobalEye independent, or targets of interest MISSION CAPABILITY is a swing role airborne with a dedicated radar Ultra-long range MARITIME SURVEILLANCE business jet, ideally ­surveillance system based AIR SURVEILLANCE Detects sea targets out to suited for ­special missions on a Global 6000 jet aircraft Powerful new Erieye ER the elevated horizon ­applications, >11 h (Extended Range) radar Detects small boats, like ­endurance from Bombardier, which to reclaim the detection jet-skis at long distances Excellent airfield per­ has undergone­ a thorough distance for small and The unique combination formance, 6500 ft (2000m), future targets of Erieye ER and maritime allows the use of smaller ­modification programme to Detection and tracking surveillance radar allows airports adapt it for its role. range highly increased for detection of objects Full Self-Protection Suite

his first aircraft is equipped and being prepared for ground and Tflight trials to gather aerodynamic data as part of the ongoing development and production programme. The USD 1.27 billion development and production contract was awarded in 2015 by the United Arab Emirates with an initial order for two systems. An additional USD 238 million order by the UAE for a third system was announced in 2017. GlobalEye AEW&C, system overview Ill. Saab

Editor-in-Chief/Ansvarlig redaktør: Marketing Director/ Subscriptions/ M.Sc./Siv.ing. Markedsansvarlig: Abonnementservice: ISSN 0806–6159 Bjørn Domaas Josefsen Knut Berg Tel.(+47) 901 83 211 Publisher/Utgiver: E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Norsk Militærteknisk Forlag Design/Layout: Dronningens gate 16, N-0152 OSLO Editorial Office/Redaksjon: Advertising Office/Annonser: X-IDE Dronningens gate 16, N-0152 OSLO Dronningens gate 16, Administration/Administrasjon: Tel.(+47) 901 83 211 N-0152 OSLO Printed by/Trykkeri: Castra AS Denmark; Andreas Krog, Tel.(+47) 480 43 905 X-IDE - www.xide.no Org.nr. NO 971 161 531 MVA E-mail: [email protected]

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