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Grizzly and black bears can go for days or so without eating, drinking, urinating, or defecating. They live off a layer of fat that they build up during the summer and fall. Female bears rouse during hibernation in their dens to give birth to up to four cubs. Giant pandas , which do not hibernate, usually give birth to just one cub. All bears are considered —and yes, they all love the taste of honey—but each has a preferred diet. Polar mostly eat seals. Despite their name, sloth bears are ferociously fast eaters, able to tear a hole in a mound, push their noses inside, and inhale a full meal in just a few seconds. Brown bears in Alaska gorge on spawning salmon, plucking them from the water or catching them right out of the air as they jump. Among the biggest threats to all species of bears is habitat loss, especially from logging, agriculture, and growing human populations. Most have agouti hair, with each individual hair shaft having bands of color corresponding to two different types of melanin pigment. Bears however have a single type of melanin and the hairs have a single color throughout their length, apart from the tip which is sometimes a different shade. The coat consists of long guard hairs, which form a protective shaggy covering, and short dense hairs which form an insulating layer trapping air close to the skin. The shaggy coat helps maintain body heat during winter hibernation and is shed in the spring leaving a shorter summer coat. Polar bears have hollow, translucent guard hairs which gain heat from the sun and conduct it to the dark-colored skin below. They have a thick layer of blubber for extra insulation, and the soles of their feet have a dense pad of fur. Bears have small rounded ears so as to minimize heat loss, but neither their hearing or sight are particularly acute. Unlike many other carnivorans they have color vision , perhaps to help them distinguish ripe nuts and fruits. They are unique among carnivorans in not having touch-sensitive whiskers on the muzzle; however, they have an excellent sense of smell , better than that of the , or possibly any other . They use smell for signalling to each other either to warn off rivals or detect mates and for finding food. Smell is the principal sense used by bears to locate most of their food, and they have excellent memories which helps them to relocate places where they have found food before. The skulls of bears are massive, providing anchorage for the powerful masseter and temporal jaw muscles. The canine teeth are large but mostly used for display, and the molar teeth flat and crushing. Unlike most other members of the , bears have relatively undeveloped carnassial teeth, and their teeth are adapted for a diet that includes a significant amount of vegetable matter. This may indicate bears are still in the process of evolving from a mainly meat-eating diet to a predominantly herbivorous one. Polar bears appear to have secondarily re-evolved carnassial-like cheek teeth, as their diets have switched back towards carnivory. Bears have a fairly simple digestive system typical for carnivorans, with a single stomach, short undifferentiated intestines and no cecum. Its ability to digest cellulose is ascribed to the microbes in its gut. The panda, in particular, spends 12—15 hours a day feeding. Extant bears are found in sixty countries primarily in the Northern Hemisphere and are concentrated in Asia, North America, and Europe. An exception is the ; native to South America, it inhabits the Andean region. The most widespread species is the , which occurs from Western Europe eastwards through Asia to the western areas of North America. The is restricted to North America, and the is restricted to the Arctic Sea. All the remaining species of bear are Asian. Brown and American black bears are generally diurnal , meaning that they are active for the most part during the day, though they may forage substantially by night. The only times bears are encountered in groups are mothers with young or occasional seasonal bounties of rich food such as salmon runs. They use olfaction to locate other foods, encounter mates, avoid rivals and recognize their cubs. Most bears are opportunistic omnivores and consume more plant than matter. They eat anything from leaves, roots, and berries to , carrion , fresh meat, and fish, and have digestive systems and teeth adapted to such a diet. However, all bears feed on any food source that becomes seasonally available. When foraging for plants, bears choose to eat them at the stage when they are at their most nutritious and digestible, typically avoiding older grasses , sedges and leaves. Its strong jaws are adapted for crushing the tough stems of these plants, though they prefer to eat the more nutritious leaves. The , though not as specialized as polar bears and the panda, has lost several front teeth usually seen in bears, and developed a long, suctioning tongue to feed on the ants , , and other burrowing insects they favour. Typically, a bear plunges into the water and seizes a fish with its jaws or front paws. The preferred parts to eat are the brain and eggs. Small burrowing mammals like may be dug out and eaten. The brown bear and both species of black bears sometimes take large ungulates, such as deer and bovids , mostly the young and weak. They primarily eat the highly digestible blubber. Bears are prolific scavengers and kleptoparasites , stealing food caches from rodents, and carcasses from other predators. Bears produce a number of vocal and non-vocal sounds. Tongue-clicking, grunting or chuffing many be made in cordial situations, such as between mothers and cubs or courting couples, while moaning, huffing, snorting or blowing air is made when an individual is stressed. Barking is produced during times of alarm, excitement or to give away the animal's position. Warning sounds include jaw- clicking and lip-popping, while teeth-chatters, bellows, growls, roars and pulsing sounds are made in aggressive encounters. Cubs may squeal, bawl, bleat or scream when in distress and make motor-like humming when comfortable or nursing. Bears sometimes communicate with visual displays such as standing upright , which exaggerates the individual's size. The chest markings of some species may add to this intimidating display. Staring is an aggressive act and the facial markings of spectacled bears and giant pandas may help draw attention to the eyes during agonistic encounters. Dominance between bears is asserted by making a frontal orientation, showing the canine teeth , muzzle twisting and neck stretching. A subordinate may respond with a lateral orientation, by turning away and dropping the head and by sitting or lying down. Bears may mark by rubbing against trees and other objects which may serve to spread their scent. This is usually accompanied by clawing and biting the object. Bark may be spread around to draw attention to the marking post. The mating system of bears has variously been described as a form of polygyny , promiscuity and serial monogamy. A male bear may visit a female continuously over a period of several days or weeks, depending on the species, to test her reproductive state. During this time period, males try to prevent rivals from interacting with their mate. Courtship may be brief, although in some Asian species, courting pairs may engage in wrestling, hugging, mock fighting and vocalizing. Ovulation is induced by mating , which can last up to 30 minutes depending on the species. Gestation typically lasts 6—9 months, including delayed implantation , and litter size numbers up to four cubs. Cubs are born blind and helpless with at most a thin layer of hair, relying on their mother for warmth. The milk of the female bear is rich in fat and antibodies and cubs may suckle for up to a year after they are born. By 2—3 months, cubs can follow their mother outside the den. They usually follow her on foot, but sloth bear cubs may ride on their mother's back. Infanticide , where an adult male kills the cubs of another, has been recorded in polar bears, brown bears and American black bears but not in other species. In some species, offspring may become independent around the next spring, through some may stay until the female successfully mates again. Bears reach sexual maturity shortly after they disperse; at around 3—6 years depending on the species. Male Alaskan brown bears and polar bears may continue to grow until they are 11 years old. The brown bear can live an average of 25 years. Bears of northern regions, including the American black bear and the grizzly bear , hibernate in the winter. Bears do not have many predators. The most important are humans, and as they started cultivating crops, they increasingly came in conflict with the bears that raided them. Since the invention of firearms, people have been able to kill bears with greater ease. Bears are parasitized by eighty species of parasites, including single-celled protozoans and gastro-intestinal worms, and nematodes and flukes in their heart, liver, lungs and bloodstream. Externally they have ticks, fleas and lice. A study of American black bears found seventeen species of endoparasite including the protozoan Sarcocystis , the parasitic worm Diphyllobothrium mansonoides , and the nematodes Dirofilaria immitis , Capillaria aerophila , Physaloptera sp. Of these, D. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii has been found in polar bears, and the nematode Trichinella nativa can cause a serious infection and decline in older polar bears. In modern times, bears have come under pressure through encroachment on their habitats [] and illegal trade in bear parts, including the Asian bile bear market, though hunting is now banned, largely replaced by farming. In general these two species inhabit remote areas with little interaction with humans, and the main non-natural causes of mortality are hunting, trapping, road-kill and depredation. Laws have been passed in many areas of the world to protect bears from . Public perception of bears is often positive, as people identify with bears due to their omnivorous diets, their ability to stand on two legs, and their symbolic importance. Several bear species are dangerous to humans , especially in areas where they have become used to people; elsewhere, they generally avoid humans. Injuries caused by bears are rare, but are widely reported. Bears in captivity have for centuries been used for entertainment. They have been trained to dance , [] and were kept for baiting in Europe at least since the 16th century. There were five bear- baiting gardens in Southwark , London at that time; archaeological remains of three of these have survived. Bears have been hunted for sport, food, and folk medicine. Their meat is dark and stringy, like a tough cut of beef. In Cantonese cuisine , bear paws are considered a delicacy. Bear meat should be cooked thoroughly, as it can be infected with the parasite Trichinella spiralis. The peoples of eastern Asia use bears' body parts and secretions notably their gallbladders and bile as part of traditional Chinese medicine. More than 12, bears are thought to be kept on farms in China, Vietnam, and South Korea for the production of bile. Trade in bear products is prohibited under CITES , but bear bile has been detected in shampoos, wine and herbal medicines sold in Canada, the United States and Australia. Bears have been popular subjects in art, literature, folklore and mythology. The image of the mother bear was prevalent throughout societies in North America and Eurasia, based on the female's devotion and protection of her cubs. Bears have thus been thought to predict the future and shaman were believed to have been capable of transforming into bears. There is evidence of prehistoric bear worship , though this is disputed by archaeologists. Evidence of her worship has notably been found at Bern , itself named for the bear. Her name is derived from the Celtic word for "bear", artos. The constellations of Ursa Major and Ursa Minor , the great and little bears, are named for their supposed resemblance to bears, from the time of Ptolemy. These are found on both sides of the Bering land bridge , which was lost to the sea some 11, years ago. Bears, like other , may symbolize nations. The Russian Bear has been a common national personification for Russia from the 16th century onward. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the carnivoran mammals. For other uses, see Bear disambiguation. Family of mammals. See also: List of ursids. Polar bear left and , the largest and smallest species respectively, on average. Further information: List of carnivorans by population. Play media. Main article: Hibernation. Main article: Bear conservation. Giant pandas at the Sichuan Sanctuaries. A barrel trap in Grand Teton National Park , Wyoming used to relocate bears away from where they might attack humans. Main article: Bear attacks. Main article: Cultural depictions of bears. New York: Oxford University Press. A Linguistic History of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on Retrieved 22 January University of Pittsburgh Slovak Studies Program. Retrieved 21 March Retrieved 4 April A Greek-English Lexicon. Perseus Digital Library. Archived from the original on 30 November Retrieved 12 January Retrieved 11 March The Clarendon Press, p. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. The Origin and Evolution of Mammals. Oxford University Press. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Archived PDF from the original on Archived from the original PDF on 22 September Retrieved 24 July Bibcode : Natur. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. Molecular Biology and Evolution. Archived from the original on 7 October Retrieved 3 April American Museum Novitates. BMC Evolutionary Biology. and Evolution. Archived from the original PDF on 3 September Journal of South American Earth Sciences. Archived PDF from the original on 26 March Systematic Biology. International Association for Bear Research and Management. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. Classification of nammals above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press. Prodromus Systematis Mammalium et Avium in Latin. Sumptibus C. The Polar Bear. Manakato, MN: Capstone Press. Mammalian Species. January Journal of Paleontology. Retrieved Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide. Marshall Cavendish. Ahead of the Bears facing the Rams on Monday Night Football, re-live former returner Devin Hester setting an NFL record with his fifth and sixth return of the season during a Monday night matchup with the then-St. Louis Rams. Nose recorded his first sack of the season against the . Here are five things you might not know about the third-year player. Bears kicker has been honored as the NFC special teams player of the week for his performance in last Sunday's win over the Panthers. The Bears on Tuesday signed veteran linebacker Manti Te'o to their practice squad. Seeing her son catch his first NFL pass live and in-person Sunday in Charlotte was a once-in-a-lifetime experience that the mom of Bears tight end will never forget. Senior writer Larry Mayer discusses why the Bears started Rashaad Coward at left guard in Carolina, why the Bears passed the ball on a key third-down play in the final minutes and the last time the Bears didn't return a kickoff in a game. The Bears and some of their players rank at or near the top of the NFL in key statistical categories entering Week 7 of the season. Here's how they stack up. After watching tape of Sunday's road win over the Carolina Panthers, Bears coach on Monday discussed three things that stood out to him in the game, including another stellar performance by the defense. knows that there's still room for improvement on offense, but praised the Bears for finding a way to win after they improved to Sunday with a victory over the Panthers. In the aftermath of the Bears' win over the Carolina Panthers, here's what writers around the country are saying about the team. The Bears will give away a chance to virtually chat with a Bears player, team gear and a Planters snack pack to five lucky winners. After the Bears improved to with a gritty road win over the Panthers Sunday, coach Matt Nagy praised his players, telling reporters "we have a bunch of fighters on this team. Watch the best plays made by the defense in their Week 6 road win over the Carolina Panthers. 's first-quarter helped the Bears take an early lead en route to a road win over the Carolina Panthers Sunday in Charlotte. Seldom-used safety DeAndre Houston-Carson delivered a late game-saving play for the second straight week Sunday, intercepting a pass to preserve a win over the Panthers in Carolina. Quarterback Nick Foles meets with the media after the Bears' victory over the Carolina Panthers. Chicago Bears safety Tashaun Gipson Sr. Chicago Bears rookie tight end Cole Kmet catches up with the media following Sunday's win against the Carolina Panthers. Bears safety Tashaun Gipson Sr. Senior writer Larry Mayer identifies four storylines to follow Sunday when the Bears visit the Panthers, including whether the offense will play with more of the attention to detail that coach Matt Nagy is seeking. Keep track of their weekly record here on ChicagoBears. The Bears will take on the Carolina Panthers Sunday. Here's how you can watch and listen to the contest. Quarterback Nick Foles sits down with Jeff Joniak to discuss how he stays calm under pressure and how he has overcome labels during his career. Bears safety will miss his second straight game Sunday against the Carolina Panthers with a hamstring injury that prevented him from practicing this week. The Bears on Friday activated veteran defensive tackle John Jenkins from injured reserve and listed him as questionable for Sunday's game in Carolina. Our panel of experts, including guest celebrity Matt Forte, predict how many points the Bears will score in Sunday's road game against the Carolina Panthers. Kmet's mom 'beyond thrilled' to witness his first TD Seeing her son catch his first NFL touchdown pass live and in-person Sunday in Charlotte was a once-in-a-lifetime experience that the mom of Bears tight end Cole Kmet will never forget. Lunch With Larry: Santos named NFC special teams player of week. Roster Moves: Bears sign Manti Te'o to practice squad. Kmet's mom 'beyond thrilled' to witness his first TD. Chalk Talk: Why didn't Bars start at left guard? Where We Rank heading into Week 7. More News. Robinson II on the need for explosive plays. Johnson talks about the confidence of the Bears defense. Foles, Patterson among best soundbites of Week 6. 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Ben Braunecker. . Eben Britton. Daniel Brown. Michael Burton. Trey Burton. Josh Caldwell. Shane Carden. David Cobb. . Paul Cornick. Rashaad Coward. Victor Cruz. Benny Cunningham. . . . Reggie Davis. Titus Davis. Trevor Davis. Andrew DePaola. Tommy Doles. James Dunbar. Kieran Duncan. Armanti Edwards. Dieter Eiselen. . Tony Fiammetta. Matt Fleming. Nick Foles. Taylor Gabriel. Dylan Gandy. Roberto Garza. Tanner Gentry. Ted Ginn Jr. Mike Glennon. . Hroniss Grasu. Cyril Grayson Jr. Jeremi Hall. . Chad Hamilton. Demetrius Harris. Santonio Holmes. . Alton Howard. Jordan Howard. . Dontrelle Inman. . Cameron Jefferson. Garrett Johnson. Malachi Jones. Derek Keaton. Jeremy Kelley. Cole Kmet. Eric Kush. . Ted Larsen. Paul Lasike. Cameron Lee. . Joe Lowery. Jordan Lynch. Jeron Mastrud. Napoleon Maxwell. Jordan McCray. Mekale McKay. Cameron Meredith. Anthony Miller. Lamar Miller. Zach Miller. . . David Montgomery. Will Montgomery. . Tyler Moore. Jordan Morgan. Dale Moss. . . Lucas Nix. Levi Norwood. Montell Owens. Cordarrelle Patterson. Will Pericak. Justin Perillo. Darrin Peterson. . Cyril Richardson. Ellis Richardson. . II. Darreus Rogers. Dennis Roland. Dante Rosario. Eddie Royal. . Jalen Saunders. Patrick Scales. Adam Shaheen. . Dion Sims. Bibcode : Sci Yellowstone National Park. Retrieved 18 November The ecology, behavior, management and of brown bears in Sikhote-Alin in Russian. JHU Press. John Libbey Eurotext. Infectious Diseases of Wild Mammals. Retrieved 16 January Vet Times. Chapter 8. BBC News. History of Music in Russia from Antiquity to , Vol. Indiana University Press. Historic England. Retrieved 4 January The Gypsies. Archived from the original on 30 September Retrieved 4 October Archived from the original on 15 January Retrieved 1 January Southwestern Journal of Anthropology. Native Cultures of Alaska and Siberia. Washington, D. Korean Shamanistic Rituals. Mouton De Gruyter. Retrieved 13 January Retrieved 23 January November Scientific American , reviewed at Brown, Miland 30 October World History Blog. Retrieved 9 April ; Berezkin, Yuri Archived from the original on 17 August Retrieved 19 January Associated Press. Retrieved 6 April Legendary Fictions of the Irish Celts. July—September The Journal of American Folklore. Folk and Fairy Tales: A Handbook. Greenwood Publishing Group. Hanna-Barbera Cartoons. Hugh Lauter Levin. Popular Press. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 27 January Retrieved 21 January Retrieved 3 January Ad Council. Bear Trust International. Retrieved 8 March Extant Carnivora species. Suborder . African palm N. Marsh A. Bushy-tailed mongoose B. Alexander's kusimanse C. C. Pousargues's mongoose D. Angolan G. Ethiopian dwarf mongoose H. Short-tailed mongoose H. White- tailed mongoose I. L. M. Selous' mongoose P. Meller's mongoose R. S. Spotted C. H. P. Family . A. C. Bay C. European F. L. L. Canada L. Pallas's cat O. P. P. P. H. P. Clouded N. Family . A. Small-toothed palm civet A. M. P. Golden wet-zone palm civet P. Owston's palm civet C. civet C. Hose's palm civet D. H. P. C. Abyssinian G. Central African oyan P. Malabar large-spotted civet V. V. Family . C. Eastern falanouc E. F. Ring-tailed mongoose G. Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose G. Narrow-striped mongoose M. Brown-tailed mongoose S. Suborder cont. Giant panda A. Sun bear H. Sloth bear M. Spectacled bear T. American black bear U. Molina's hog-nosed C. M. Sunda stink M. Southern S. Eastern lowland olingo B. Ring-tailed cat B. White-nosed N. Western mountain coati N. P. Crab-eating P. A. South American A. C. Steller E. N. O. P. Z. O. C. E. H. H. H. L. L. Northern M. Mediterranean M. O. P. P. P. Family includes . Short-eared dog A. Side-striped C. Crab-eating C. Maned C. C. L. L. N. Bat- eared fox O. S. U. V. Family . Bornean -badger M. E. G. Chicago Bears quarterback Nick Foles was never opting out of the NFL season regardless of what some Internet sleuths had to say on the matter. Mike Ditka is completely against kneeling during the national anthem. The NFL has remained adamant this entire offseason that the season will go according to plan. But with training camp just days away, there are still concerns regarding the safety of players. The NFL announced the official training camp report dates for all 32 teams on Saturday. The Chicago Bears will report in full to Halas Hall on Tuesday, July 28, although rookies, and injured players will be able to return a few days before. This offseason has been unlike any that NFL players have experienced. With an entirely virtual offseason, players will have to wait until training camp later this month to finally reunite on the practice field. After a week of leaks, EA Sports has finally revealed their Madden 21 ratings, which includes roughly 74 Chicago Bears players. 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Giant pandas , which do not hibernate, usually give birth to just one cub. All bears are considered omnivores—and yes, they all love the taste of honey—but each species has a preferred diet. Polar mostly eat seals. Despite their name, sloth bears are ferociously fast eaters, able to tear a hole in a termite mound, push their noses inside, and inhale a full meal in just a few seconds. Brown bears in Alaska gorge on spawning salmon, plucking them from the water or catching them right out of the air as they jump. Among the biggest threats to all species of bears is habitat loss, especially from logging, agriculture, and growing human populations. Bears are killed out of concern for human safety or in retaliation for hunting livestock or crop-raiding. Some species of bears, including Asiatic black bears and sun bears, are also threatened by the illegal wildlife trade. Bear bile, which is produced in the gall bladder, is an important ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine. Asiatic black bears and sun bears may be poached for their gall bladders, paws, skins, and other parts. Sometimes American black bears are also targeted for the same reasons. Climate change is also a significant threat, especially polar bears. Melting sea ice poses an existential threat to polar bears. See all of National Geographic's videos about bears here. Special teams ace Sherrick McManis also returns after missing the last two weeks due to injury. Chicago Bears inactives vs. Can the Panthers, who have not allowed a sack in two straight games, keep quarterback Teddy Bridgewater clean against Chicago's ? Using both running and catching skills, Montgomery is finding ways to contribute to the Bears' early season success. An action-packed fourth hour The former Jets running back will find interest somewhere, both as a reclamation project and because of his versatility. Here are a few options. The Bears have altered their practice schedule after electing to keep their practice squad players at home following a positive COVID test for Badara Traore. Max told you the Bears would upset Brady and the Bucs. Bruce Arians shouldn't have covered for after Brady forgot it was 4th down. LeBron can bring Championship number 17 to the Lakers tonight. Doug Kezirian gets you ready for the sports betting weekend and Gerrit Cole can earn his money as a Yankee in game 5. Dan, Mina Kimes and Pablo Torre discuss Tom Brady's late-game blunder, if there's any chance the Lakers will blow their lead, possibly joining the Browns bandwagon and much more. The Bucs lost to the Bears after a uncharacteristic move from Tom Brady. Dianna Russini joins the show to discuss the latest on the Titans covid situation. Nick Foles , QB. David Montgomery , RB. , LB. Khalil Mack , LB. Tashaun Gipson Sr. Skip to navigation. Donald hopes to get first sack against Foles

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They live off a layer of fat that they build up during the summer and fall. Female bears rouse during hibernation in their dens to give birth to up to four cubs. Giant pandas , which do not hibernate, usually give birth to just one cub. All bears are considered omnivores—and yes, they all love the taste of honey—but each species has a preferred diet. Polar mostly eat seals. Despite their name, sloth bears are ferociously fast eaters, able to tear a hole in a termite mound, push their noses inside, and inhale a full meal in just a few seconds. Brown bears in Alaska gorge on spawning salmon, plucking them from the water or catching them right out of the air as they jump. Among the biggest threats to all species of bears is habitat loss, especially from logging, agriculture, and growing human populations. Bears are killed out of concern for human safety or in retaliation for hunting livestock or crop-raiding. Bears are prolific scavengers and kleptoparasites , stealing food caches from rodents, and carcasses from other predators. Bears produce a number of vocal and non-vocal sounds. Tongue-clicking, grunting or chuffing many be made in cordial situations, such as between mothers and cubs or courting couples, while moaning, huffing, snorting or blowing air is made when an individual is stressed. Barking is produced during times of alarm, excitement or to give away the animal's position. Warning sounds include jaw-clicking and lip-popping, while teeth-chatters, bellows, growls, roars and pulsing sounds are made in aggressive encounters. Cubs may squeal, bawl, bleat or scream when in distress and make motor-like humming when comfortable or nursing. Bears sometimes communicate with visual displays such as standing upright , which exaggerates the individual's size. The chest markings of some species may add to this intimidating display. Staring is an aggressive act and the facial markings of spectacled bears and giant pandas may help draw attention to the eyes during agonistic encounters. Dominance between bears is asserted by making a frontal orientation, showing the canine teeth , muzzle twisting and neck stretching. A subordinate may respond with a lateral orientation, by turning away and dropping the head and by sitting or lying down. Bears may mark territory by rubbing against trees and other objects which may serve to spread their scent. This is usually accompanied by clawing and biting the object. Bark may be spread around to draw attention to the marking post. The mating system of bears has variously been described as a form of polygyny , promiscuity and serial monogamy. A male bear may visit a female continuously over a period of several days or weeks, depending on the species, to test her reproductive state. During this time period, males try to prevent rivals from interacting with their mate. Courtship may be brief, although in some Asian species, courting pairs may engage in wrestling, hugging, mock fighting and vocalizing. Ovulation is induced by mating , which can last up to 30 minutes depending on the species. Gestation typically lasts 6—9 months, including delayed implantation , and litter size numbers up to four cubs. Cubs are born blind and helpless with at most a thin layer of hair, relying on their mother for warmth. The milk of the female bear is rich in fat and antibodies and cubs may suckle for up to a year after they are born. By 2—3 months, cubs can follow their mother outside the den. They usually follow her on foot, but sloth bear cubs may ride on their mother's back. Infanticide , where an adult male kills the cubs of another, has been recorded in polar bears, brown bears and American black bears but not in other species. In some species, offspring may become independent around the next spring, through some may stay until the female successfully mates again. Bears reach sexual maturity shortly after they disperse; at around 3—6 years depending on the species. Male Alaskan brown bears and polar bears may continue to grow until they are 11 years old. The brown bear can live an average of 25 years. Bears of northern regions, including the American black bear and the grizzly bear , hibernate in the winter. Bears do not have many predators. The most important are humans, and as they started cultivating crops, they increasingly came in conflict with the bears that raided them. Since the invention of firearms, people have been able to kill bears with greater ease. Bears are parasitized by eighty species of parasites, including single-celled protozoans and gastro-intestinal worms, and nematodes and flukes in their heart, liver, lungs and bloodstream. Externally they have ticks, fleas and lice. A study of American black bears found seventeen species of endoparasite including the protozoan Sarcocystis , the parasitic worm Diphyllobothrium mansonoides , and the nematodes Dirofilaria immitis , Capillaria aerophila , Physaloptera sp. Of these, D. The protozoan Toxoplasma gondii has been found in polar bears, and the nematode Trichinella nativa can cause a serious infection and decline in older polar bears. In modern times, bears have come under pressure through encroachment on their habitats [] and illegal trade in bear parts, including the Asian bile bear market, though hunting is now banned, largely replaced by farming. In general these two species inhabit remote areas with little interaction with humans, and the main non-natural causes of mortality are hunting, trapping, road-kill and depredation. Laws have been passed in many areas of the world to protect bears from habitat destruction. Public perception of bears is often positive, as people identify with bears due to their omnivorous diets, their ability to stand on two legs, and their symbolic importance. Several bear species are dangerous to humans , especially in areas where they have become used to people; elsewhere, they generally avoid humans. Injuries caused by bears are rare, but are widely reported. Bears in captivity have for centuries been used for entertainment. They have been trained to dance , [] and were kept for baiting in Europe at least since the 16th century. There were five bear-baiting gardens in Southwark , London at that time; archaeological remains of three of these have survived. Bears have been hunted for sport, food, and folk medicine. Their meat is dark and stringy, like a tough cut of beef. In Cantonese cuisine , bear paws are considered a delicacy. Bear meat should be cooked thoroughly, as it can be infected with the parasite Trichinella spiralis. The peoples of eastern Asia use bears' body parts and secretions notably their gallbladders and bile as part of traditional Chinese medicine. More than 12, bears are thought to be kept on farms in China, Vietnam, and South Korea for the production of bile. Trade in bear products is prohibited under CITES , but bear bile has been detected in shampoos, wine and herbal medicines sold in Canada, the United States and Australia. Bears have been popular subjects in art, literature, folklore and mythology. The image of the mother bear was prevalent throughout societies in North America and Eurasia, based on the female's devotion and protection of her cubs. Bears have thus been thought to predict the future and shaman were believed to have been capable of transforming into bears. There is evidence of prehistoric bear worship , though this is disputed by archaeologists. Evidence of her worship has notably been found at Bern , itself named for the bear. Her name is derived from the Celtic word for "bear", artos. The constellations of Ursa Major and Ursa Minor , the great and little bears, are named for their supposed resemblance to bears, from the time of Ptolemy. These are found on both sides of the Bering land bridge , which was lost to the sea some 11, years ago. Bears, like other animals, may symbolize nations. The Russian Bear has been a common national personification for Russia from the 16th century onward. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the carnivoran mammals. For other uses, see Bear disambiguation. Family of mammals. See also: List of ursids. Polar bear left and sun bear, the largest and smallest species respectively, on average. Further information: List of carnivorans by population. Play media. Main article: Hibernation. Main article: Bear conservation. Giant pandas at the Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries. A barrel trap in Grand Teton National Park , Wyoming used to relocate bears away from where they might attack humans. Main article: Bear attacks. Main article: Cultural depictions of bears. New York: Oxford University Press. A Linguistic History of English. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Online Etymology Dictionary. Archived from the original on Retrieved 22 January University of Pittsburgh Slovak Studies Program. Retrieved 21 March Retrieved 4 April A Greek-English Lexicon. Perseus Digital Library. Archived from the original on 30 November Retrieved 12 January Retrieved 11 March The Clarendon Press, p. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. The Origin and Evolution of Mammals. Oxford University Press. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. Archived PDF from the original on Archived from the original PDF on 22 September Retrieved 24 July Bibcode : Natur. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. Molecular Biology and Evolution. Archived from the original on 7 October Retrieved 3 April American Museum Novitates. BMC Evolutionary Biology. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. Archived from the original PDF on 3 September Journal of South American Earth Sciences. Archived PDF from the original on 26 March Systematic Biology. International Association for Bear Research and Management. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. Classification of nammals above the species level. New York: Columbia University Press. Prodromus Systematis Mammalium et Avium in Latin. Sumptibus C. The Polar Bear. Manakato, MN: Capstone Press. Mammalian Species. January Journal of Paleontology. Retrieved Mammal Anatomy: An Illustrated Guide. Marshall Cavendish. Journal of Mammalogy. Archived from the original PDF on In Janis, Christine M. Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America, volume 1: Terrestrial , ungulates, and ungulatelike mammals. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Macdonald, D. The Encyclopedia of Mammals. Facts on File. Journal of Anatomy. In Feldhamer, G. Wild Mammals of North America; biology, management and conservation. Johns Hopkins University Press. National Park Service. Retrieved 18 January They are opportunistic omnivores whose diet varies from plant foliage, roots, and fruits; adults, larvae, and eggs; animal matter from carrion; animal matter from ; and fish. Their dentition and digestive system reflects this varied diet. Walker's Carnivores of the World. Canadian Journal of . behavior, ecology, and evolution. Bears: Their Biology and Management. Southwest Biological Science Center. Archived from the original PDF on 11 July Furbearing Animals of North America. Crown Publishers. Giant Pandas. University of Arhus. Retrieved 10 August North American Bear Center. Retrieved 5 April North American bear Center. Retrieved 22 March International Conf. Bear Res. And Manage. Canadian Wildlife Service Environment Canada. Retrieved 8 April University of Toronto Press. Quarterback Nick Foles meets with the media after the Bears' victory over the Carolina Panthers. Chicago Bears safety Tashaun Gipson Sr. Chicago Bears rookie tight end Cole Kmet catches up with the media following Sunday's win against the Carolina Panthers. Bears safety Tashaun Gipson Sr. Senior writer Larry Mayer identifies four storylines to follow Sunday when the Bears visit the Panthers, including whether the offense will play with more of the attention to detail that coach Matt Nagy is seeking. Keep track of their weekly record here on ChicagoBears. The Bears will take on the Carolina Panthers Sunday. Here's how you can watch and listen to the contest. Quarterback Nick Foles sits down with Jeff Joniak to discuss how he stays calm under pressure and how he has overcome labels during his career. Bears safety Deon Bush will miss his second straight game Sunday against the Carolina Panthers with a hamstring injury that prevented him from practicing this week. The Bears on Friday activated veteran defensive tackle John Jenkins from injured reserve and listed him as questionable for Sunday's game in Carolina. Our panel of experts, including guest celebrity Matt Forte, predict how many points the Bears will score in Sunday's road game against the Carolina Panthers. Kmet's mom 'beyond thrilled' to witness his first TD Seeing her son catch his first NFL touchdown pass live and in-person Sunday in Charlotte was a once-in-a-lifetime experience that the mom of Bears tight end Cole Kmet will never forget. Lunch With Larry: Santos named NFC special teams player of week. Roster Moves: Bears sign Manti Te'o to practice squad. Kmet's mom 'beyond thrilled' to witness his first TD. Chalk Talk: Why didn't Bars start at left guard? Where We Rank heading into Week 7. More News. Robinson II on the need for explosive plays. Johnson talks about the confidence of the Bears defense. Foles, Patterson among best soundbites of Week 6. 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