Mostly used colour rings sizes for Western Palearctic bird species
Compiled by Marcin Faber Last uptated: 28.08.2010
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ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS
ORDER ANSERIFORMES DUCKS, GEESE, SWANS Family Anatidae Black Swan Cygnus atratus 3-4 30 37-43 Mute Swan Cygnus olor 3-4 30 37-43 also 28mm ID Tundra Swan Cygnus columbianus 3-4 28 37-43 Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus 3-4 30 37-43 also 28mm ID Bean Goose Anser fabalis 3-4 18 32 Pink-footed Goose Anser brachyrhynchus 3-4 18 32 Greater White-fronted Goose Anser albifrons 2-3 16 22-30 Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser erythropus 2-3 12,5 22-30 Greylag Goose Anser anser 3-4 19 32 Bar-headed Goose Anser indicus Snow Goose Anser caerulescens Ross's Goose Anser rossii Canada Goose Branta canadensis 3-4 19 32 Barnacle Goose Branta leucopsis 2-3 16 22-30 Brant Goose Branta bernicla 2-3 16 22-30 Red-breasted Goose Branta ruficollis Egyptian Goose Alopochen aegyptiaca 2-3 12,5 25 Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea 2-3 12,5 25 Common Shelduck Tadorna tadorna 2-3 12,5 25 Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope American Wigeon Anas americana Falcated Duck Anas falcata Gadwall Anas strepera Baikal Teal Anas formosa Eurasian Teal Anas crecca Green-winged Teal Anas carolinensis Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 3 9 x 15 12 oval rings American Black Duck Anas rubripes 3 9 x 15 12 oval rings Northern Pintail Anas acuta Garganey Anas querquedula Blue-winged Teal Anas discors Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata Marbled Duck Marmaronetta angustirostris Red-crested Pochard Netta rufina Common Pochard Aythya ferina Ring-necked Duck Aythya collaris Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula Greater Scaup Aythya marila Lesser Scaup Aythya affinis Common Eider Somateria mollissima King Eider Somateria spectabilis Spectacled Eider Somateria fischeri Steller's Eider Polysticta stelleri Harlequin Duck Histrionicus histrionicus Long-tailed Duck Clangula hyemalis Common Scoter Melanitta nigra Velvet Scoter Melanitta fusca Bufflehead Bucephala albeola Barrow's Goldeneye Bucephala islandica ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Common Goldeneye Bucephala clangula Smew Mergellus albellus Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator Common Merganser Mergus merganser Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala
ORDER GALLIFORMES GROUSES, PTARMIGANS Family Tetraonidae Hazel Grouse Bonasa bonasia 2 7 15 Willow Ptarmigan Lagopus lagopus Rock Ptarmigan Lagopus muta Black Grouse Tetrao tetrix Caucasian Grouse Tetrao mlokosiewiczi Western Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus 2-3 18 / 20 30 female / male
PHEASANTS, FOWL & ALLIES Family Phasianidae Caucasian Snowcock Tetraogallus caucasicus Caspian Snowcock Tetraogallus caspius Chukar Partridge Alectoris chukar Rock Partridge Alectoris graeca Red-legged Partridge Alectoris rufa Barbary Partridge Alectoris barbara See-see Partridge Ammoperdix griseogularis Sand Partridge Ammoperdix heyi Black Francolin Francolinus francolinus Double-spurred Francolin Francolinus bicalcaratus Grey Partridge Perdix perdix Common Quail Coturnix coturnix Common Pheasant Phasianus colchicus
ORDER GAVIIFORMES LOONS Family Gaviidae Red-throated Loon Gavia stellata Black-throated Loon Gavia arctica Great Northern Loon Gavia immer Yellow-billed Loon Gavia adamsii
ORDER PODICIPEDIFORMES GREBES Family Podicipedidae Pied-billed Grebe Podilymbus podiceps Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis Great Crested Grebe Podiceps cristatus Red-necked Grebe Podiceps grisegena Horned Grebe Podiceps auritus Black-necked Grebe Podiceps nigricollis
ORDER PROCELLARIIFORMES PETRELS, SHEARWATERS Family Procellariidae Northern Fulmar Fulmarus glacialis Soft-plumaged Petrel Pterodroma mollis Zino's Petrel Pterodroma madeira Fea's Petrel Pterodroma feae Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea 4 9 24 Cape Verde Shearwater Calonectris edwardsii Streaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelas Flesh-footed Shearwater Puffinus carneipes Great Shearwater Puffinus gravis Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus Sooty Shearwater Puffinus griseus Manx Shearwater Puffinus puffinus ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Yelkouan Shearwater Puffinus yelkouan Balearic Shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus Macaronesian Shearwater Puffinus baroli Audubon's Shearwater Puffinus lherminieri
STORM PETRELS Family Hydrobatidae Wilson's Storm Petrel Oceanites oceanicus White-faced Storm Petrel Pelagodroma marina European Storm Petrel Hydrobates pelagicus Leach's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma leucorhoa Swinhoe's Storm Petrel Oceanodroma monorhis Band-rumped Storm Petrel Oceanodroma castro
ORDER PELECANIFORMES GANNETS, BOOBIES Family Sulidae Red-footed Booby Sula sula Masked Booby Sula dactylatra Brown Booby Sula leucogaster Northern Gannet Morus bassanus 4 16 36
CORMORANTS Family Phalacrocoracidae
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo 4 16-19 35 oval rings in preparation Double-crested Cormorant Phalacrocorax auritus European Shag Phalacrocorax aristotelis 3-4 16 24-32 Socotra Cormorant Phalacrocorax nigrogularis Pygmy Cormorant Phalacrocorax pygmeus 3 11 x 13 16 oval rings Reed Cormorant Phalacrocorax africanus
ANHINGAS Family Anhingidae Darter Anhinga melanogaster
PELICANS Family Pelecanidae Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus 4 24 x 38 45 oval rings Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus crispus 4 24 x 38 45 oval rings Pink-backed Pelican Pelecanus rufescens
ORDER CICONIIFORMES HERONS, BITTERNS Family Ardeidae Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris 2-3 14 30 American Bittern Botaurus lentiginosus Least Bittern Ixobrychus exilis Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus 3 7 20 Von Schrenck's Bittern Ixobrychus eurhythmus Dwarf Bittern Ixobrychus sturmii Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax 3-4 11 25-32 Striated Heron Butorides striata Green Heron Butorides virescens Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides Indian Pond Heron Ardeola grayii Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Little Blue Heron Egretta caerulea Tricolored Heron Egretta tricolor Snowy Egret Egretta thula Western Reef Heron Egretta gularis 3-4 11 33 Little Egret Egretta garzetta 3-4 11 33 Black Heron Egretta ardesiaca Intermediate Egret Egretta intermedia Great Egret Egretta alba 3-4 14 34-39 Grey Heron Ardea cinerea 3-4 14 34-39 Great Blue Heron Ardea herodias Black-headed Heron Ardea melanocephala ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Purple Heron Ardea purpurea 3-4 14 34-39 Goliath Heron Ardea goliath
STORKS Family Ciconiidae Black Stork Ciconia nigra 4 18 45 White Stork Ciconia ciconia 4 18 45
IBISES, SPOONBILLS Family Threskiornithidae Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus 3-4 11 24-33 Northern Bald Ibis Geronticus eremita Sacred Ibis Threskiornis aethiopicus 2-3 14 30-35 Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia 4 18 45
ORDER PHOENICOPTERIFORMES FLAMINGOS Family Phoenicopteridae Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus 4 19 55 Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus minor 3-4 18 50
ORDER ACCIPITRIFORMES KITES, HAWKS, EAGLES Family Accipitridae European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus 2 12,5 25 Black-winged Kite Elanus caeruleus Black Kite Milvus migrans 2 11 22 Red Kite Milvus milvus 2 11 22 White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus albicilla 3 24 30 Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus 3 16 36 Griffon Vulture Gyps fulvus 3 30 45-50 Rüppell's Vulture Gyps rueppellii Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos tracheliotus Cinereous Vulture Aegypius monachus 3 30 45-50 Short-toed Snake Eagle Circaetus gallicus Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus 3-4 11 35 Northern Harrier Circus cyaneus 3 7 20 Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus 3 7 20 Montagu's Harrier Circus pygargus 3 7 20 Northern Goshawk Accipiter gentilis 2-3 12,5 22 Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus 2-3 7 18 Shikra Accipiter badius Levant Sparrowhawk Accipiter brevipes Common Buzzard Buteo buteo 2 11 22 Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus 2 11 22 Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo lagopus 2 11 22 Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila pomarina 3 16 36 Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila clanga 3 16 36 Tawny Eagle Aquila rapax Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis Spanish Imperial Eagle Aquila adalberti 2 24 35 Eastern Imperial Eagle Aquila heliaca 2 24 35 Golden Eagle Aquila chrysaetos 2 24 35 Verreaux's Eagle Aquila verreauxii Booted Eagle Aquila pennata Bonelli's Eagle Aquila fasciata
OSPREYS Family Pandionidae Osprey Pandion haliaetus 3 16 23
ORDER FALCONIFORMES CARACARAS, FALCONS Family Falconidae Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni 3 6,5 15 Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus 3 7 18 Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus 3 6,5 15 ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Amur Falcon Falco amurensis 3 6,5 15 Merlin Falco columbarius 3 6,5 15 Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteo 3 6,5 15 Eleonora's Falcon Falco eleonorae Sooty Falcon Falco concolor Lanner Falcon Falco biarmicus Saker Falcon Falco cherrug Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus 2-3 11 18-20 Barbary Falcon Falco pelegrinoides
ORDER GRUIFORMES RAILS, CRAKES, COOTS Family Rallidae Water Rail Rallus aquaticus Spotted Crake Porzana porzana Sora Porzana carolina Little Crake Porzana parva Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla Striped Crake Porzana marginalis Corn Crake Crex crex Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus 3 8 x 9 15 oval rings Purple Swamphen Porphyrio porphyrio Eurasian Coot Fulica atra 2-3 11 25 American Coot Fulica americana Red-knobbed Coot Fulica cristata
BUTTONQUAIL Family Turnicidae Kurrichane Buttonquail Turnix sylvaticus
CRANES Family Gruidae Common Crane Grus grus 3-4 19 50 Sandhill Crane Grus canadensis Siberian Crane Grus leucogeranus Demoiselle Crane Grus virgo
BUSTARDS Family Otidae Little Bustard Tetrax tetrax Nubian Bustard Neotis nuba Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis undulata 3 14 25 Macqueen's Bustard Chlamydotis macqueenii 3 14 25 Arabian Bustard Ardeotis arabs Great Bustard Otis tarda
ORDER CHARADRIIFORMES PAINTED SNIPES Family Rostratulidae Greater Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis
OYSTERCATCHERS Family Haematopodidae Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus 3 9 22 African Oystercatcher Haematopus moquini
STILTS, AVOCETS Family Recurvirostridae Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus 3-4 7 20-25 Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta 3-4 7 20-25
CRAB-PLOVER Family Dromadidae Crab-plover Dromas ardeola
STONE-CURLEWS, THICK-KNEES Family Burhinidae Eurasian Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus 4 8 24,5 Senegal Thick-knee Burhinus senegalensis ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS COURSERS, PRATINCOLES Family Glareolidae Egyptian Plover Pluvianus aegyptius Cream-colored Courser Cursorius cursor Temminck's Courser Cursorius temminckii Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarum Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni
PLOVERS Family Charadriidae Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius 2-3 3,3 10 Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula 2-3 3,3 10 Semipalmated Plover Charadrius semipalmatus Killdeer Charadrius vociferus Kittlitz's Plover Charadrius pecuarius Three-banded Plover Charadrius tricollaris Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus 2-3 3,3 10 Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus Oriental Plover Charadrius veredus Eurasian Dotterel Charadrius morinellus 3 4,2 12 Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva 3 5,5 15 American Golden Plover Pluvialis dominica 3 5,5 15 European Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria 3 5,5 15 Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola 3 5,5 15 Spur-winged Lapwing Vanellus spinosus Black-headed Lapwing Vanellus tectus Red-wattled Lapwing Vanellus indicus Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius 3 5,5 15 White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus 3 5,5 15 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus 3 5,5 15
SANDPIPERS, SNIPES Family Scolopacidae Great Knot Calidris tenuirostris 3 5,5 15 Red Knot Calidris canutus 3 4,2 12 Sanderling Calidris alba 3 3,3 10 Semipalmated Sandpiper Calidris pusilla 3 2,8 8 Western Sandpiper Calidris mauri 3 2,8 8 Red-necked Stint Calidris ruficollis 3 2,8 8 Little Stint Calidris minuta 3 2,8 8 Temminck's Stint Calidris temminckii 3 2,8 8 Long-toed Stint Calidris subminuta 3 2,8 8 Least Sandpiper Calidris minutilla 3 2,8 8 White-rumped Sandpiper Calidris fuscicollis Baird's Sandpiper Calidris bairdii Pectoral Sandpiper Calidris melanotos 3 3,3 10 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminata 3 3,3 10 Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea 3 3,3 10 Purple Sandpiper Calidris maritima 3 3,3 10 Dunlin Calidris alpina 3 3,3 10 Stilt Sandpiper Calidris himantopus Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus 3 3,3 10 Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis Ruff Philomachus pugnax 3 4,2 12 Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus 3 3,3 10 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago 3 4,2 12 Wilson's Snipe Gallinago delicata Great Snipe Gallinago media 3 5,5 15 Pin-tailed Snipe Gallinago stenura Swinhoe's Snipe Gallinago megala Short-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus griseus Long-billed Dowitcher Limnodromus scolopaceus ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax rusticola 3 7 18 American Woodcock Scolopax minor Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa 3 7 18 Hudsonian Godwit Limosa haemastica Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica 3 5,5 15 Little Curlew Numenius minutus Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus 3 7 18 Slender-billed Curlew Numenius tenuirostris Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata 3 9 22 Upland Sandpiper Bartramia longicauda Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus 3 4,2 12 Common Redshank Tringa totanus 3 4,2 12 Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis 3 3,3 10 Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia 3 4,2 12 Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca 3 4,2 12 Lesser Yellowlegs Tringa flavipes Solitary Sandpiper Tringa solitaria Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus 3 3,3 10 Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola 3 3,3 10 Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinereus 3 4,2 12 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos 3 3,3 10 Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius Grey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipes Willet Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres 3 4,2 12 Wilson's Phalarope Phalaropus tricolor Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus 3 3,3 10 Red Phalarope Phalaropus fulicarius 3 3,3 10
SKUAS Family Stercorariidae Pomarine Skua Stercorarius pomarinus 2 7 18 Parasitic Jaeger Stercorarius parasiticus 2 7 18 Long-tailed Jaeger Stercorarius longicaudus 2 5,5 12 Great Skua Stercorarius skua 3 13 25,5 South Polar Skua Stercorarius maccormicki 3 13 25,5
GULLS Family Laridae Sooty Gull Larus hemprichii White-eyed Gull Larus leucophthalmus Pallas's Gull Larus ichthyaetus 3-4 11 30-35 Relict Gull Larus relictus 2-4 7 20-24 Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus 3-4 7 20-24 Laughing Gull Larus atricilla 3-4 9 17-24 Franklin's Gull Larus pipixcan Bonaparte's Gull Larus philadelphia Black-headed Gull Larus ridibundus 4 7 20-24 Brown-headed Gull Larus brunnicephalus 4 7 20-24 Grey-hooded Gull Larus cirrocephalus 4 7 20-24 Slender-billed Gull Larus genei 4 8 24 Audouin's Gull Larus audouinii 4 9 25 Ring-billed Gull Larus delawarensis 4 7 20-24 Mew Gull Larus canus 4 7 20-24 Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus fuscus 4-5 9-11 30-35 European Herring Gull Larus argentatus 4-5 11 35 American Herring Gull Larus smithsonianus 4-5 11 35 Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans 4-5 11 35 Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis 4-5 11 35 Armenian Gull Larus armenicus 4-5 11 35 Slaty-backed Gull Larus schistisagus 4-5 11 35 Glaucous-winged Gull Larus glaucescens Thayer's Gull Larus thayeri Iceland Gull Larus glaucoides ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Glaucous Gull Larus hyperboreus 4-5 12,5 35 Great Black-backed Gull Larus marinus 4-5 12,5 35 Kelp Gull Larus dominicanus 4-5 12,5 35 Ross's Gull Rhodostethia rosea Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa tridactyla 2-3 7 18-21 Ivory Gull Pagophila eburnea Sabine's Gull Xema sabini Little Gull Hydrocoloeus minutus 2-3 4,2 10-15
TERNS Family Sternidae Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia 3 7 17 Royal Tern Sterna maxima Swift Tern Sterna bergii Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis 3 5,5 12-16 Sandwich Tern Sterna sandvicensis 3 5,5 12-16 Elegant Tern Sterna elegans Roseate Tern Sterna dougallii 2 4,2 8 Common Tern Sterna hirundo 2-3 4,2 10-11 Arctic Tern Sterna paradisaea 2 4,2 8 Forster's Tern Sterna forsteri White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa Little Tern Sternula albifrons 2 3,5 9 Saunders's Tern Sternula saundersi Whiskered Tern Chlidonias hybrida 2-3 4,2 8,5 Black Tern Chlidonias niger 2 3,3 7,5 White-winged Tern Chlidonias leucopterus 2 3,3 7,5
SKIMMERS Family Rynchopidae African Skimmer Rynchops flavirostris
AUKS Family Alcidae Common Murre Uria aalge Thick-billed Murre Uria lomvia Razorbill Alca torda Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle 3 8 x 11 17 triangle shaped Little Auk Alle alle Atlantic Puffin Fratercula arctica 2 8 17
ORDER PTEROCLIDIFORMES SANDGROUSE Family Pteroclididae Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse Pterocles lichtensteinii Crowned Sandgrouse Pterocles coronatus Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles senegallus Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles orientalis Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles alchata Pallas's Sandgrouse Syrrhaptes paradoxus
ORDER COLUMBIFORMES PIGEONS, DOVES Family Columbidae Common Pigeon Columba livia 2-3 7 10 Stock Dove Columba oenas 2-3 7 10 Yellow-eyed Pigeon Columba eversmanni Common Wood Pigeon Columba palumbus 2-3 9 12 Trocaz Pigeon Columba trocaz Bolle's Pigeon Columba bollii Laurel Pigeon Columba junoniae African Collared Dove Streptopelia roseogrisea Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto 2-3 7 9 European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur 2-3 7 9 Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis Namaqua Dove Oena capensis
ORDER CUCULIFORMES CUCKOOS Family Cuculidae Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus 2-3 4,2 12
ORDER STRIGIFORMES BARN OWLS Family Tytonidae Barn Owl Tyto alba
OWLS Family Strigidae Pallid Scops Owl Otus brucei Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops Eurasian Eagle-Owl Bubo bubo Snowy Owl Bubo scandiacus Brown Fish Owl Bubo zeylonensis Northern Hawk-Owl Surnia ulula Eurasian Pygmy Owl Glaucidium passerinum Little Owl Athene noctua Tawny Owl Strix aluco Hume's Owl Strix butleri Ural Owl Strix uralensis Great Grey Owl Strix nebulosa Long-eared Owl Asio otus Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus Marsh Owl Asio capensis Boreal Owl Aegolius funereus
ORDER CAPRIMULGIFORMES NIGHTJARS Family Caprimulgidae European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus Red-necked Nightjar Caprimulgus ruficollis
ORDER CORACIIFORMES KINGFISHERS Family Alcedinidae White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon smyrnensis Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis
BEE-EATERS Family Meropidae Green Bee-eater Merops orientalis Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus European Bee-eater Merops apiaster
ROLLERS Family Coraciidae European Roller Coracias garrulus 2-3 5,5 12
HOOPOES Family Upupidae Hoopoe Upupa epops
ORDER PICIFORMES WOODPECKERS Family Picidae Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla Grey-headed Woodpecker Picus canus European Green Woodpecker Picus viridis Levaillant's Woodpecker Picus vaillantii Black Woodpecker Dryocopus martius Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Sphyrapicus varius Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major Syrian Woodpecker Dendrocopos syriacus ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos minor White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos Three-toed Woodpecker Picoides tridactylus
ORDER PASSERIFORMES
LARKS Family Alaudidae Kordofan Lark Mirafra cordofanica Chestnut-headed Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix signatus Black-crowned Sparrow-Lark Eremopterix nigriceps Dunn's Lark Eremalauda dunni Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes cinctura Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti Greater Hoopoe-Lark Alaemon alaudipes Dupont's Lark Chersophilus duponti Thick-billed Lark Ramphocoris clotbey Calandra Lark Melanocorypha calandra Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha bimaculata White-winged Lark Melanocorypha leucoptera Black Lark Melanocorypha yeltoniensis Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla Hume's Short-toed Lark Calandrella acutirostris Lesser Short-toed Lark Calandrella rufescens Crested Lark Galerida cristata 3 3,3 10 Thekla Lark Galerida theklae Woodlark Lullula arborea 2-3 2,6 9 Oriental Skylark Alauda gulgula Eurasian Skylark Alauda arvensis 3 3,3 10 Raso Lark Alauda razae Horned Lark Eremophila alpestris 2-3 2,6 9 Temminck's Lark Eremophila bilopha
WAGTAILS, PIPITS Family Motacillidae Richard's Pipit Anthus richardi 2-3 2,6 9 Blyth's Pipit Anthus godlewskii 2-3 2,6 9 Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris 2-3 2,6 9 Berthelot's Pipit Anthus berthelotii 2-3 2,6 9 Long-billed Pipit Anthus similis 2-3 2,6 9 Olive-backed Pipit Anthus hodgsoni 2-3 2,6 9 Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis 2-3 2,6 9 Pechora Pipit Anthus gustavi 2-3 2,6 9 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis 2-3 2,6 9 Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus 2-3 2,6 9 Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus rubescens 2-3 2,6 9 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta 2-3 2,6 9 Eurasian Rock Pipit Anthus petrosus 2-3 2,6 9 Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava 2-3 2,6 9 Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola 2-3 2,6 9 Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea 2-3 2,6 9 White Wagtail Motacilla alba 2-3 2,6 9 African Pied Wagtail Motacilla aguimp 2-3 2,6 9
BULBULS Family Pycnonotidae White-cheeked Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys Red-vented Bulbul Pycnonotus cafer White-spectacled Bulbul Pycnonotus xanthopygos Common Bulbul Pycnonotus barbatus
WAXWINGS Family Bombycillidae Cedar Waxwing Bombycilla cedrorum Bohemian Waxwing Bombycilla garrulus 3 3,3 10 Hypocolius Hypocolius ampelinus ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS DIPPERS Family Cinclidae White-throated Dipper Cinclus cinclus 3 4,2 12
ACCENTORS Family Prunellidae Dunnock Prunella modularis 2-3 2,6 9 Siberian Accentor Prunella montanella 2-3 2,6 9 Radde's Accentor Prunella ocularis 2-3 2,6 9 Black-throated Accentor Prunella atrogularis 2-3 2,6 9 Alpine Accentor Prunella collaris 2-3 3,3 10
THRUSHES, CHATS Family Turdidae Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes Black Scrub Robin Cercotrichas podobe European Robin Erithacus rubecula 2-3 2,6 9 Rufous-tailed Robin Luscinia sibilans Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia calliope Bluethroat Luscinia svecica 2-3 2,6 9 Siberian Blue Robin Luscinia cyane Red-flanked Bluetail Tarsiger cyanurus White-throated Robin Irania gutturalis Eversmann's Redstart Phoenicurus erythronotus Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros 2-3 2,6 9 Common Redstart Phoenicurus phoenicurus 2-3 2,6 9 Moussier's Redstart Phoenicurus moussieri Güldenstädt’s Redstart Phoenicurus erythrogastrus Blackstart Cercomela melanura Whinchat Saxicola rubetra 2-3 2,6 9 Canary Islands Stonechat Saxicola dacotiae Common Stonechat Saxicola torquatus 2-3 2,6 9 Pied Bush Chat Saxicola caprata Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe isabellina Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe 2-3 2,6 9 Pied Wheatear Oenanthe pleschanka Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe cypriaca Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe hispanica Desert Wheatear Oenanthe deserti Finsch's Wheatear Oenanthe finschii Red-rumped Wheatear Oenanthe moesta Kurdistan Wheatear Oenanthe xanthoprymna Red-tailed Wheatear Oenanthe chrysopygia Variable Wheatear Oenanthe picata Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens Hooded Wheatear Oenanthe monacha Hume's Wheatear Oenanthe albonigra White-crowned Wheatear Oenanthe leucopyga Black Wheatear Oenanthe leucura Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis 2-3 3,3 12 Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius White's Thrush Zoothera dauma Siberian Thrush Zoothera sibirica Varied Thrush Zoothera naevia Wood Thrush Hylocichla mustelina Hermit Thrush Catharus guttatus Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus Grey-cheeked Thrush Catharus minimus Veery Catharus fuscescens Ring Ouzel Turdus torquatus 2-3 4,2 12 Common Blackbird Turdus merula 2-3 4,2 12 Eyebrowed Thrush Turdus obscurus Naumann's Thrush Turdus naumanni Dusky Thrush Turdus eunomus ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Black-throated Thrush Turdus atrogularis Red-throated Thrush Turdus ruficollis Fieldfare Turdus pilaris 2-3 4,2 12 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos 2-3 3,8 12 Redwing Turdus iliacus 2-3 3,8 12 Mistle Thrush Turdus viscivorus 2-3 4,2 12 American Robin Turdus migratorius
WARBLERS AND ALLIES Family Sylviidae Cetti's Warbler Cettia cetti Zitting Cisticola Cisticola juncidis Graceful Prinia Prinia gracilis Cricket Longtail Spiloptila clamans Scrub Warbler Scotocerca inquieta Pallas's Grasshopper Warbler Locustella certhiola Lanceolated Warbler Locustella lanceolata Common Grasshopper Warbler Locustella naevia River Warbler Locustella fluviatilis Savi's Warbler Locustella luscinioides Gray's Grasshopper Warbler Locustella fasciolata Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus agricola Blyth's Reed Warbler Acrocephalus dumetorum Cape Verde Warbler Acrocephalus brevipennis Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus 2-3 2,6 9 Clamorous Reed Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus 2-3 3,3 10 Oriental Reed Warbler Acrocephalus orientalis Basra Reed Warbler Acrocephalus griseldis Thick-billed Warbler Acrocephalus aedon Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Hippolais pallida Western Olivaceous Warbler Hippolais opaca Booted Warbler Hippolais caligata Sykes's Warbler Hippolais rama Upcher's Warbler Hippolais languida Olive-tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum Icterine Warbler Hippolais icterina Melodious Warbler Hippolais polyglotta Marmora's Warbler Sylvia sarda Balearic Warbler Sylvia balearica Dartford Warbler Sylvia undata Tristram's Warbler Sylvia deserticola Spectacled Warbler Sylvia conspicillata Subalpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans Menetries's Warbler Sylvia mystacea Sardinian Warbler Sylvia melanocephala Cyprus Warbler Sylvia melanothorax Rüppell's Warbler Sylvia rueppelli Asian Desert Warbler Sylvia nana African Desert Warbler Sylvia deserti Arabian Warbler Sylvia leucomelaena Western Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis Eastern Orphean Warbler Sylvia crassirostris Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria 2-3 3,3 10 Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis Garden Warbler Sylvia borin Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla 2-3 2,6 9 ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS OLD WORLD FLYCATCHERS Family Muscicapidae Asian Brown Flycatcher Muscicapa dauurica Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata 2-3 2,6 9
BABBLERS, PARROTBILLS Family Timaliidae Bearded Reedling Panurus biarmicus 2-3 2,6 9 Vinous-throated Parrotbill Paradoxornis webbianus Iraq Babbler Turdoides altirostris Common Babbler Turdoides caudata Arabian Babbler Turdoides squamiceps Fulvous Babbler Turdoides fulva Red-billed Leiothrix Leiothrix lutea
TITS, CHICKADEES Family Paridae Marsh Tit Parus palustris 2-3 2,6 9 Sombre Tit Parus lugubris 2-3 2,6 9 Willow Tit Parus montanus 2-3 2,6 9 Grey-headed Chickadee Parus cinctus 2-3 2,6 9 European Crested Tit Parus cristatus 2-3 2,6 9 Coal Tit Parus ater 2-3 2,6 9 Eurasian Blue Tit Parus caeruleus 2-3 2,6 9 African Blue Tit Parus teneriffae 2-3 2,6 9 Azure Tit Parus cyanus 2-3 2,6 9 Great Tit Parus major 2-3 2,6 9
NUTHATCHES, WALLCREEPER Family Sittidae Krüper’s Nuthatch Sitta krueperi Corsican Nuthatch Sitta whiteheadi Algerian Nuthatch Sitta ledanti Red-breasted Nuthatch Sitta canadensis Eurasian Nuthatch Sitta europaea 2-3 3,3 10 Eastern Rock Nuthatch Sitta tephronota Western Rock Nuthatch Sitta neumayer
WALLCREEPER Family Tichodromidae Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria
PENDULINE TITS Family Remizidae Eurasian Penduline Tit Remiz pendulinus 2 2,6 8
ORIOLES Family Oriolidae Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus 2-3 4,2 12
SHRIKES Family Laniidae Black-crowned Tchagra Tchagra senegalus Brown Shrike Lanius cristatus 2-3 3,3 10 Isabelline Shrike Lanius isabellinus 2-3 3,3 10 Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio 2-3 3,3 10 Long-tailed Shrike Lanius schach Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor 2-3 3,3 10 Great Grey Shrike Lanius excubitor 2-3 4,2 12 Southern Grey Shrike Lanius meridionalis Grey-backed Fiscal Lanius excubitoroides Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator 2-3 3,3 10 Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus
CROWS, JAYS Family Corvidae Eurasian Jay Garrulus glandarius 3 5,5 15 Siberian Jay Perisoreus infaustus Azure-winged Magpie Cyanopica cyanus Common Magpie Pica pica 3 7 18 Spotted Nutcracker Nucifraga caryocatactes 3 5,5 15 Alpine Chough Pyrrhocorax graculus 3 7 18 ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Red-billed Chough Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax 3 7 18 Western Jackdaw Corvus monedula 3 7 18 Daurian Jackdaw Corvus dauuricus House Crow Corvus splendens Rook Corvus frugilegus 3 9 20 Carrion Crow Corvus corone 2-3 9 20 Pied Crow Corvus albus Brown-necked Raven Corvus ruficollis Northern Raven Corvus corax 2-3 12,5 20 Fan-tailed Raven Corvus rhipidurus
STARLINGS Family Sturnidae Tristram's Starling Onychognathus tristramii Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 3 4,2 12 Spotless Starling Sturnus unicolor Rosy Starling Sturnus roseus 3 4,2 12 Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Vinous-breasted Starling Acridotheres burmannicus Bank Myna Acridotheres ginginianus Crested Myna Acridotheres cristatellus
SPARROWS, SNOWFINCHES Family Passeridae House Sparrow Passer domesticus 3 2,8 10 Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis 3 2,8 10 Dead Sea Sparrow Passer moabiticus Iago Sparrow Passer iagoensis Desert Sparrow Passer simplex Eurasian Tree Sparrow Passer montanus 3 2,8 10 Sudan Golden Sparrow Passer luteus Pale Rockfinch Petronia brachydactyla Yellow-throated Sparrow Petronia xanthocollis Rock Sparrow Petronia petronia White-winged Snowfinch Montifringilla nivalis 2-3 3,3 10
FINCHES Family Fringillidae Common Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs 3 2,6 9 Blue Chaffinch Fringilla teydea Brambling Fringilla montifringilla Red-fronted Serin Serinus pusillus European Serin Serinus serinus Syrian Serin Serinus syriacus Atlantic Canary Serinus canaria Citril Finch Serinus citrinella Corsican Finch Serinus corsicanus European Greenfinch Carduelis chloris 3 3,3 10 European Goldfinch Carduelis carduelis Eurasian Siskin Carduelis spinus Common Linnet Carduelis cannabina Twite Carduelis flavirostris Common Redpoll Carduelis flammea Arctic Redpoll Carduelis hornemanni Two-barred Crossbill Loxia leucoptera 3 3,3 10 Red Crossbill Loxia curvirostra 3 3,3 10 Scottish Crossbill Loxia scotica 3 3,3 10 Parrot Crossbill Loxia pytyopsittacus 3 3,3 10 Crimson-winged Finch Rhodopechys sanguineus Desert Finch Rhodospiza obsoleta Mongolian Finch Bucanetes mongolicus Trumpeter Finch Bucanetes githagineus Common Rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus Sinai Rosefinch Carpodacus synoicus Great Rosefinch Carpodacus rubicilla Pine Grosbeak Pinicola enucleator ENGLISH NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME AMOUNT OF INNER HEIGHT REMARKS ALPHA- DIAMETER (ID) (H) in mm NUMERIC in mm DIGITS Eurasian Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula Hawfinch Coccothraustes coccothraustes
BUNTINGS Family Emberizidae Lapland Longspur Calcarius lapponicus 2-3 2,6 9 Snow Bunting Plectrophenax nivalis 2-3 2,8 9 Black-faced Bunting Emberiza spodocephala Pine Bunting Emberiza leucocephalos Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella 2-3 2,8 9 Cirl Bunting Emberiza cirlus Rock Bunting Emberiza cia Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata House Bunting Emberiza sahari Cinereous Bunting Emberiza cineracea Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana 2-3 2,6 9 Grey-necked Bunting Emberiza buchanani Cretzschmar's Bunting Emberiza caesia Yellow-browed Bunting Emberiza chrysophrys Rustic Bunting Emberiza rustica Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla Yellow-breasted Bunting Emberiza aureola Common Reed Bunting Emberiza schoeniclus 2-3 2,6 9 Pallas's Reed Bunting Emberiza pallasi Red-headed Bunting Emberiza bruniceps Black-headed Bunting Emberiza melanocephala Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra 2-3 3,3 10