Resistant Trees for Florida
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Underutilized and new disease- resistant trees for Florida Jason A. Smith and Adam Black School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida/IFAS [email protected] Why diversify? • Many landscapes lack diversity – See enough live oaks and crape myrtles yet? • Reduce impacts of pests and diseases – Many historical examples • Reduce maintenance – Less pesticides, fertilizers, irrigation etc. • Improve aesthetics! • Increase wildlife value of urban forests Today we will focus on.. • Underutilized native and non-native species – Large, medium and small – Most are adaptable to large areas of the state • Useful cultivars of native species – Columnar, weeping and interesting foliage – Cultivars are curiously absent from Florida • Disease-resistant alternatives – Available varieties – New selections in the pipeline • Trees to make you drool – Rare, but worth seeking Under-utilized small trees • Acer fabri (N,C,S?; evergreen, non-native, rare) – Also seek out Acer oliverianum ssp. formosanum and A. albo-purpurascens • Alnus serrulata (N,C, native, common) • Cephalotaxus fortunei (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Cornus florida ‘Suwanee Squat’ • Daphniphyllum calycinum (N,C,S?, non-native, uncommon) • Magnolia asheii (N,C, native, uncommon) • Nageia nagi (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Podocarpus matudae, P. henkelii etc. (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Quercus myrtifolia (N,C,S, native, common) • Quercus chapmanii (N,C,S, native, common) • Salix caroliniana (N,C,S, native, common) • Vibrunum luzonicum (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Viburnum rufidulum, V. nudum (N,C,S?, native, uncommon) Acer fabri Alnus serrulata Cephalotaxus fortunei Cornus florida ‘Suwanee Squat’ Daphniphyllum calycinum Magnolia asheii Nageia nagi Podocarpus spp. (P. henkellii, P. matudae etc.) Quercus chapmanii Quercus myrtifolia Salix caroliniana Viburnum luzonicum Viburnum rufidulum Under-utilized medium size trees • Acacia spp. (N,C,S, native and non-native, common) • Acer coriaceifolium (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Afrocarpus gracilior (N?,C,S, non-native, common) • Chamaecyparis thyoides (N,C,S, native, common – use FL seed source only) • Cupressus cashmeriana (N?,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Cupressus chengiana (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Exbucklandia populneus (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Eucalyptus neglecta (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Gordonia/Polyspora etc. (N,C,S, non-native, common) • Illicium spp. (N,C,S, native and non-native, uncommon) • Ilex latifolia (N,C,S, non-native, rare) • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Little Volunteer’ • Magnolia insignis (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Magnolia virginiana (N,C,S, native, common) • Neolitsea sericea (N,C,S, non-native, common) • Pinus clausa (N,C,S, native, common) • Robinia pseudoacacia (N,C,S?, native (to se US), uncommon) • Quercus marilandica (N,C,S?, native, uncommon) • Quercus rysophylla (N,C,S?, non-native, rare) Acacia farnesiana Acacia sieberiana Acer coriaceafolium Afrocarpus gracilior Chamaecyparis thyoides Cupressus cashmeriana Eucalyptus neglecta Exbucklandia populneus Ilex latifolia Illicium floridanum Illicium henryi Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Little Volunteer’ Magnolia insignis Neolitsea sericea Polyspora axillaris Quercus marilandica Quercus rysophylla Under-utilized large trees • Agathis robusta (N?,C, S, non-native, uncommon) • Araucaria angustifolia (N,C,S?, non-native, uncommon) • Cinnamomum spp. (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Ginkgo biloba (N,C, non-native, common) • Keteleeria evelyniana, K. davidiana (N,C,S, non-native, rare) • Liriodendron chinense, L. tulipifera (Peninsular Florida ecotype, N,C,S, native, common) • Pinus glabra (N,C,S?, native, uncommon) • Pinus patula, P. pseudostrobus (N,C,S, non-native) • Quercus acuta (N,C, non-native, uncommon) • Quercus austrina (N,C,S?, native, common) • Quercus geminata (N,C,S, native, common) • Quercus michauxii (N,C,S?, native, common) • Populus deltoides (N,C, native, uncommon) • Taiwania cryptomerioides (N,C,S?, non-native, rare) • Taxodium ascendens (N,C,S, native, common) • Tilia caroliniana ssp. Floridana (N,C,S, native, uncommon) • Ulmus americana ssp. Floridana (N,C,S, native, common) Agathis robusta Araucaria angustifolia Cinnamomum jensenianum Cinnamomum bermannii Ginkgo biloba Keteleeria spp. Liriodendron chinense Liriodendron tulipifera Pinus glabra Pinus patula Pinus pseudostrobus A word about growing pines • Best to use smaller, locally-grown stock • Plant in large groups and use pine straw or native groundcovers (no turf) • Avoid container sizes larger than 3 gallon • Soil pH is very important (slash pine is more tolerant of high pH than longleaf pine) • In general avoid fertilization and irrigation after first year Populus deltoides Populus monticola Quercus acuta Quercus austrina Quercus michauxii Taiwania cryptomerioides Taxodium ascendens Tilia caroliniana ssp. Floridana Columnar cultivars of trees • Juniperus silicicola ‘Brodie’ • Liquidambar styraciflua ‘Slender Silhouette’ • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Arnold’ • Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Sunshine Spire’ • Taxodium distichum ‘Peve Minaret’ • Ulmus parvifolia ‘Everclear’ Juniperus silicicola ‘Brodie’ Liquidambar styraciflua ‘Slender Silhouette’ Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Arnold’ Taxodium distichum ‘Peve Minaret’ Ulmus parvifolia ‘Everclear’ Weeping trees • Betula nigra ‘Summer Cascade’ • Celtis sinensis ‘Emerald Cascade’ • Cercis canadensis ‘Covey’ (a.k.a. ‘Lavender Twist’) • Morus alba ‘Pendula’ • Taxodium distichum ‘Cascade Falls’, ‘Falling Waters’ • Ulmus alata ‘Lace Parasol’ Betula nigra ‘Summer Cascade’ Celtis sinensis ‘Emerald Cascade’ Cercis canadensis ‘Covey’ Morus alba ‘Pendula’ Taxodium distichum ‘Cascade Falls’ Taxodium distichum ‘Falling Waters’ Ulmus alata ‘Lace Parasol’ Trees with interesting foliage • Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’ • Cercis canadensis ‘Hearts of Gold’ • Chamaecyparis obtusa cultivars • Cryptomeria japonica ‘Albospicata’, ‘Cristata’, ‘Rasen’, • Cunninghamia lanceolata ‘Glauca’ • Erioboytrya deflexa • Ficus spp. • Liquidambar styraciflua variegated cultivars; ‘Rotundiloba’ • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Aureomarginatum’ • Morus alba ’Paper Dolls’; ‘Ho’o’ • Nyssa sylvatica ‘Wildfire’ • Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Golden Crown’, ‘Royal Flush’ etc. • Populus deltoides ‘Purple Tower’ Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’ Cercis canadensis ‘Hearts of Gold’ Chamaecyparis obtusa cultivars Cryptomeria japonica ‘Albospicata’ Cunninghamia lanceolata ‘Glauca’ Eriobotrya deflexa Ficus gasparinniana Ficus afghanistanica Liquidambar styraciflua variegated cultivars Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Aureomarginatum’ Podocarpus elatus Podocarpus falcatus Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Golden Crown’ Podocarpus nakaii Podocarpus smithii Populus deltoides ‘Purple Tower’ Disease resistant alternatives • Cupressus x ovensii to replace Leyland cypress • Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Sunshine Spire’ to replace Italian Cypress • Platanus mexicana to replace P. occidentalis • Cornus angustata etc. (to replace Cornus florida) • Rust and pitch-canker resistant slash pines – Commercially available in the southeast – Horticultural vs. forestry • Redbays with resistance to laurel wilt are coming! Leyland cypress is susceptible to fungal diseases in the south Cupressus x ovensii is resistant Diseased Italian cypress are all too common in Florida. Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Sunshine Spire’ offers a great alternative Anthracnose is one of many ailments of sycamores Platanus mexicana is resistant Trees to make you drool • Araucaria muelleri • Carpinus fangiana • Magnolia dealbata • Nageia wallichiana • Pinus lumholtzii • Podocarpus rumphii • Quercus insignis • Quercus macrophylla • Quercus virginiana ‘Grandview Gold’ Araucaria muelleri Carpinus fangiana Magnolia dealbata Nageia wallichiana Pinus lumholtzii Podocarpus rumphii Quercus insignis Quercus macrophylla Quercus virginiana ‘Grandview Gold’ Places to see unusual trees in/near Florida • Gardens of the Big Bend (UF Quincy) • UNF Campus in Jacksonville • Leu Gardens in Orlando • Selby Gardens in Sarasota • Montgomery Botanical Center (Coral Gables) • Kanapaha Botanical Garden in Gainesville • Armstrong Atlantic State University, Savannah, GA • UGA research/demonstration garden in Tifton, GA Some good online sources • Xenoflora (http://stores.ebay.com/Xenoflora) • Camellia Forest Nursery (www.camforest.com) • Far Reaches Farm (www.farreachesfarm.com) • Cistus Nursery (www.cistus.com) • Forestfarm (www.forestfarm.com) • Colvos Creek Nursery (www.colvoscreeknursery.com) • Woodlander’s Nursery (www.woodlanders.net) • Nearly Native Nursery (www.nearlynativenursery.com) • Nurseries Caroliniana (www.nurseriescaroliniana.com) • Superior Trees/Lee Nursery (www.superiortrees.net) • Yucca Do (www.yuccado.com) Thanks! [email protected] .