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Home , Afrocarpus gracilior, Agathis, Nageia, Nageia nagi, Podocarpus, Taiwania

Underutilized and new disease- resistant for

Jason A. Smith and Adam Black School of Resources and Conservation University of Florida/IFAS [email protected]

Why diversify?

• Many landscapes lack diversity – See enough live and crape myrtles yet? • Reduce impacts of pests and diseases – Many historical examples • Reduce maintenance – Less pesticides, fertilizers, irrigation etc. • Improve aesthetics! • Increase wildlife value of urban Today we will focus on..

• Underutilized native and non-native – Large, medium and small – Most are adaptable to large areas of the state • Useful of native species – Columnar, weeping and interesting foliage – Cultivars are curiously absent from Florida • Disease-resistant alternatives – Available varieties – New selections in the pipeline • Trees to make you drool – Rare, but worth seeking

Under-utilized small trees

• Acer fabri (N,C,S?; , non-native, rare) – Also seek out Acer oliverianum ssp. formosanum and A. albo-purpurascens • Alnus serrulata (N,C, native, common) • fortunei (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • ‘Suwanee Squat’ • Daphniphyllum calycinum (N,C,S?, non-native, uncommon) • asheii (N,C, native, uncommon) • nagi (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • matudae, P. henkelii etc. (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Quercus myrtifolia (N,C,S, native, common) • Quercus chapmanii (N,C,S, native, common) • Salix caroliniana (N,C,S, native, common) • Vibrunum luzonicum (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • rufidulum, V. nudum (N,C,S?, native, uncommon)

Acer fabri

Alnus serrulata

Cephalotaxus fortunei

Cornus florida ‘Suwanee Squat’ Daphniphyllum calycinum

Magnolia asheii

Nageia nagi

Podocarpus spp. (P. henkellii, P. matudae etc.)

Quercus chapmanii

Quercus myrtifolia

Salix caroliniana Viburnum luzonicum

Viburnum rufidulum

Under-utilized medium size trees

• spp. (N,C,S, native and non-native, common) • Acer coriaceifolium (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • gracilior (N?,C,S, non-native, common) • thyoides (N,C,S, native, common – use FL source only) • cashmeriana (N?,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Cupressus chengiana (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Exbucklandia populneus (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • neglecta (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Gordonia/Polyspora etc. (N,C,S, non-native, common) • Illicium spp. (N,C,S, native and non-native, uncommon) • Ilex latifolia (N,C,S, non-native, rare) • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Little Volunteer’ • Magnolia insignis (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • Magnolia virginiana (N,C,S, native, common) • Neolitsea sericea (N,C,S, non-native, common) • Pinus clausa (N,C,S, native, common) • Robinia pseudoacacia (N,C,S?, native (to se US), uncommon) • Quercus marilandica (N,C,S?, native, uncommon) • Quercus rysophylla (N,C,S?, non-native, rare)

Acacia farnesiana

Acacia sieberiana Acer coriaceafolium

Chamaecyparis thyoides

Cupressus cashmeriana

Eucalyptus neglecta

Exbucklandia populneus Ilex latifolia

Illicium floridanum Illicium henryi Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Little Volunteer’ Magnolia insignis

Neolitsea sericea

Polyspora axillaris Quercus marilandica

Quercus rysophylla Under-utilized large trees

• robusta (N?,C, S, non-native, uncommon) • angustifolia (N,C,S?, non-native, uncommon) • Cinnamomum spp. (N,C,S, non-native, uncommon) • (N,C, non-native, common) • Keteleeria evelyniana, K. davidiana (N,C,S, non-native, rare) • Liriodendron chinense, L. tulipifera (Peninsular Florida ecotype, N,C,S, native, common) • Pinus glabra (N,C,S?, native, uncommon) • Pinus patula, P. pseudostrobus (N,C,S, non-native) • Quercus acuta (N,C, non-native, uncommon) • Quercus austrina (N,C,S?, native, common) • Quercus geminata (N,C,S, native, common) • Quercus michauxii (N,C,S?, native, common) • deltoides (N,C, native, uncommon) • Taiwania cryptomerioides (N,C,S?, non-native, rare) • ascendens (N,C,S, native, common) • caroliniana ssp. Floridana (N,C,S, native, uncommon) • Ulmus americana ssp. Floridana (N,C,S, native, common)

Araucaria angustifolia

Cinnamomum jensenianum

Cinnamomum bermannii Ginkgo biloba

Keteleeria spp.

Liriodendron chinense Liriodendron tulipifera Pinus glabra Pinus patula

Pinus pseudostrobus

A word about growing

• Best to use smaller, locally-grown stock • in large groups and use straw or native groundcovers (no turf) • Avoid container sizes larger than 3 gallon • Soil pH is very important (slash pine is more tolerant of high pH than longleaf pine) • In general avoid fertilization and irrigation after first year

Populus deltoides

Populus monticola

Quercus acuta Quercus austrina Quercus michauxii

Taiwania cryptomerioides

Taxodium ascendens Tilia caroliniana ssp. Floridana Columnar cultivars of trees

• Juniperus silicicola ‘Brodie’ • Liquidambar styraciflua ‘Slender Silhouette’ • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Arnold’ • ‘Sunshine Spire’ • ‘Peve Minaret’ • Ulmus parvifolia ‘Everclear’ Juniperus silicicola ‘Brodie’ Liquidambar styraciflua ‘Slender Silhouette’

Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Arnold’

Taxodium distichum ‘Peve Minaret’

Ulmus parvifolia ‘Everclear’

Weeping trees

• Betula nigra ‘Summer Cascade’ • Celtis sinensis ‘Emerald Cascade’ • Cercis canadensis ‘Covey’ (a.k.a. ‘Lavender Twist’) • Morus alba ‘Pendula’ • Taxodium distichum ‘Cascade Falls’, ‘Falling Waters’ • Ulmus alata ‘Lace Parasol’ Betula nigra ‘Summer Cascade’

Celtis sinensis ‘Emerald Cascade’

Cercis canadensis ‘Covey’

Morus alba ‘Pendula’ Taxodium distichum ‘Cascade Falls’ Taxodium distichum ‘Falling Waters’

Ulmus alata ‘Lace Parasol’

Trees with interesting foliage

• Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’ • Cercis canadensis ‘Hearts of Gold’ • cultivars • japonica ‘Albospicata’, ‘Cristata’, ‘Rasen’, • Cunninghamia lanceolata ‘Glauca’ • Erioboytrya deflexa • Ficus spp. • Liquidambar styraciflua variegated cultivars; ‘Rotundiloba’ • Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Aureomarginatum’ • Morus alba ’Paper Dolls’; ‘Ho’o’ • Nyssa sylvatica ‘Wildfire’ • Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Golden Crown’, ‘Royal Flush’ etc. • Populus deltoides ‘Purple Tower’

Cercis canadensis ‘Forest Pansy’

Cercis canadensis ‘Hearts of Gold’ Chamaecyparis obtusa cultivars Cryptomeria japonica ‘Albospicata’ Cunninghamia lanceolata ‘Glauca’

Eriobotrya deflexa Ficus gasparinniana Ficus afghanistanica Liquidambar styraciflua variegated cultivars

Liriodendron tulipifera ‘Aureomarginatum’ Podocarpus falcatus Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Golden Crown’ Podocarpus nakaii Podocarpus smithii Populus deltoides ‘Purple Tower’ Disease resistant alternatives

• Cupressus x ovensii to replace Leyland cypress • Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Sunshine Spire’ to replace Italian Cypress • Platanus mexicana to replace P. occidentalis • Cornus angustata etc. (to replace Cornus florida) • Rust and pitch-canker resistant slash pines – Commercially available in the southeast – Horticultural vs. forestry • Redbays with resistance to laurel wilt are coming! Leyland cypress is susceptible to fungal diseases in the south Cupressus x ovensii is resistant Diseased Italian cypress are all too common in Florida. Podocarpus macrophyllus ‘Sunshine Spire’ offers a great alternative Anthracnose is one of many ailments of sycamores Platanus mexicana is resistant

Trees to make you drool

• Araucaria muelleri • Carpinus fangiana • Magnolia dealbata • • Pinus lumholtzii • Podocarpus rumphii • Quercus insignis • Quercus macrophylla • Quercus virginiana ‘Grandview Gold’ Araucaria muelleri Carpinus fangiana Magnolia dealbata Nageia wallichiana Pinus lumholtzii Podocarpus rumphii Quercus insignis Quercus macrophylla Quercus virginiana ‘Grandview Gold’

Places to see unusual trees in/near Florida • Gardens of the Big Bend (UF Quincy) • UNF Campus in Jacksonville • Leu Gardens in Orlando • Selby Gardens in Sarasota • Montgomery Botanical Center (Coral Gables) • Kanapaha Botanical Garden in Gainesville • Armstrong Atlantic State University, Savannah, GA • UGA research/demonstration garden in Tifton, GA Some good online sources

• Xenoflora (http://stores.ebay.com/Xenoflora) • Camellia Forest Nursery (www.camforest.com) • Far Reaches Farm (www.farreachesfarm.com) • Cistus Nursery (www.cistus.com) • Forestfarm (www.forestfarm.com) • Colvos Creek Nursery (www.colvoscreeknursery.com) • Woodlander’s Nursery (www.woodlanders.net) • Nearly Native Nursery (www.nearlynativenursery.com) • Nurseries Caroliniana (www.nurseriescaroliniana.com) • Superior Trees/Lee Nursery (www.superiortrees.net) • Yucca Do (www.yuccado.com) Thanks! [email protected]