CENSUS OF 2001

SERIES-33

DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK Part -A & B

KANNIYAKUMARI DISTRICT

VILLAGE & TOWN DIRECTORY

~ VILLAGE AND TOWNWISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT

Dr. C. Chandramouli of the Indian Administrative Service Director of Census Operations, Tamil Nadu

VIVEKANANDA MEMORIAL

There are two rocks projecting out of the Indian Ocean, south-east of Kanniyakumari temple. These rocks provide an ideal vantage point for visitors desiring to view the land end of India. On one of these rocks, Swami Vivekananda sat in long and deep meditation, when he visited Kanniyakumari in 1892. On this rock, the "Vivekananda Rock Memorial" was built in 1970 with a blend of all the architectural styles of India. A statue of Swami Vivekananda has been installed inside this memorial building. One can also see "Sri Padha Parai", believed by the devout to be the foot prints of the virgin Goddess Kanniyakumari on this rock.

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Contents

Pages Foreword ix Preface xi Acknmvledgements xm Map ofKanniyakumari District xv

District Highlights - 2001 XVll

Important Statistics of the District Xl)(

Ranking ofTaluks in the District XXI Summary Statements 1 - 9 Statement 1 Name of the headquarters of DistrictlTaluk, their rural-urban xxiv status and distance from District headquarters, 2001

Statement 2 Name of the headquarters of District/CD block, their XXIV rural-urban status and distance from District headquarters, 2001 Statement 3 Population of the District at each census from 1901 to 2001 xxv

Statement 4 Area, number of villages/towns and population in District XXVI and Taluk, 2001 Statement 5 CD block wise number of villages and rural population, 2001 xxx Statement 6 Population of urban agglomerations (including constituent units/ xxx towns), 2001

Statement 7 Villages with population of 5,000 and above at CD block level XXXI! as per 2001 census and amenities available

Statement 8 Statutory towns with population less than 5,000 as per 200 I XXXlll census and amenities available

Statement 9 Houseless and institutional population ofTaluks, rural XXXIV and urban, 2001 Analytical Note (i) History and Scope of the District Census Handbook 3 (ii) Brief History of the District 3 (iii) Administrative set-up 4 (iv) Physical features 4

(v) Pages (v) Census concepts 14 (vi) Non-Census concepts 20 (vii) Census 2001 findings 25 Distribution of population in Rural and Urban areas; Size, class and status of Towns; Population Growth, Density and Sex Ratio; Literacy; Economic Activity; Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes and Religion (viii) Brief Analysis of data based on inset tables 1 to 52 29 (ix) Major Social and Cultural events in the District - Fairs and festivals 94 (x) Places of tourist interest 94 (xi) Major Characteristics of the District 94 (xii) Scope of Village and Town Directory 95

Part A - Village and Town Directory

Section I - Village Directory (a) Note explaining the abbreviations used in the village directory 99

(b) List of villages merged in towns and outgrowth of 200 1 Census 102 (c) CD block wise presentation of Village Directory Data 105 1. CD BLOCK (i) Map of Taluk 107 (ii) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 109 (iii) Village Directory 110 2. MUNCHIRA CD BLOCK (i) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 117 (ii) Village Directory 118 3. KILLIYUR CD BLOCK (i) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 125 (ii) Village Directory 126 4. THIRUVATTARU CD BLOCK (i) Map of Taluk 131 (ii) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 200 I 133 (iii) Village Directory 134

(vi) Pages 5. THOVALA CD BLOCK (i) Map of Thovala Taluk 141 (ii) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 143

(iii) Village Directory 144 6. THACKALAI CD BLOCK (i) Alphabetical List of Villages along with location code 1991 and 2001 153 (ii) Village Directory 154 7. KURUNTHANCODE CD BLOCK (i) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 161

(ii) Village Directory 162 8. CD BLOCK (i) Map of Agastheswaram Taluk 167 (ii) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 169 (iii) Village Directory 170 9. AGASTHESWARAM CD BLOCK (i) Alphabetical List of Villages alongwith location code 1991 and 2001 177 (ii) Village Directory 178 (d) Appendixes to Village Directory Appendix - I Abstract of Educational, Medical and other amenities 186 in villages - CD block Level Appendix - Ia Villages by number of Primary Schools 188 Appendix - Ib Villages by Primary, Middle and Secondary Schools 188 Appendix - Ie Villages with different sources of drinking water 189 facilities available Appendix - II Villages with 5,000 and above popUlation which do not 190 have one or more amenities Appendix - IIa List of Census Towns which do not have one or more amenities 191 Appendix - III Land utilisation data in respect of Census Towns! 191 non-municipal towns Appendix - IV CD block wise list of inhabited villages where no amenity 192 other than drinking water facility is available Appendix - V Summary showing number of villages not having 192 Scheduled Castes population Appendix - VI Summary showing number of villages not having 193 Scheduled Tribe population

(vii) Pages Appendix - VIla: List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled 194 Castes to the total population by ranges Appendix - VlIb: List of villages according to the proportion of the Scheduled 195 Tribes to the total population by ranges Appendix - VIII Number of villages under each Gram Panchayat 196 Appendix - IX Statement showing number of girls schools in the villages 199 Section II - Town Directory (i) Note explaining the abbreviations used in the Town Directory 200 (ii) Town Directory Statements Statement I Status and Growth History 204 Statement II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns, 1999 210 Statement III Municipal Finance, 1998-99 216 Statement IV Civic and other Amenities, 1999 220 Statement V Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities, 1999 226 Statement VI Trade, Commerce, Industry and Banking, 1999 244 Statement VII Civic and other amenities in Slums, 1999 246 (iii) Appendix to Town Directory - Towns showing their outgrowth with popUlation 256

Part B - Primary Census Abstract Brief note on Primary Census Abstract 259 District Primary Census Abstract 262 Appendix to District Primary Abstract 268 Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes 312 Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Tribes 324 Village Primary Census Abstract - CD block wise 330 Urban Primary Census Abstract 352

Annexures Annexure- I Number of Villages under each Gram Panchayat 498 Annexure- II Fertility and mortality measures 504 Anne xure- III Various measures of fertility and mean age at marriage 505 Annexure- IV Percentage distribution of migrants by place of birth/place 506 of last residence Annexure- V Brief account of main religions 508 Annexure- VI Marital status of population 509 Annexure- VII Age, sex and educational level 510 Annexure-VIII Distribution of different mother tongues 511

(viii) Foreword

he District Census Handbook (DCHB) published by Census Organisation since T 1951 census, is one of the important publications in the context of planning and development at gross-root level. The publication, which is brought out for each district, contains several demographic and socio-economic characteristics village-wise and town-wise of the district alongwith the status of availability of civic amenities, infrastructural facilities, etc. The scope of the DCHB was initially confined to a few Census Tables and Primary Census Abstract (PCA) of each village and town within the district. Thereafter, at successive censuses, its scope and coverage has been enlarged. The DCHB published at the 1961 census' provided a descriptive account of the district, administrative statistics, census tables and a village and town directory including PCA. The 1971 census­ DCHB series was in three parts: Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on PCAand amenity data in respect of villages. The 1981 census DCHB was in two parts: Part-A contained village and town directory and Part-B the PCA of village and town including the SCs and STs PC A up to tahsil/town levels. New features alongwith restructuring of the formats of village and town directory were added into it. In Village Directory, all amenities except electricity were brought together and if any amenity was not available in the referent village, the distance in broad ranges from the nearest place having such an amenity, was given. Information on new items such as adult literacy centres, primary health sub-centres and community health workers in the village were provided so as to meet the requirements of some of the Revised . Minimum Needs Programme. Information on approach to the village was provided for the first time in the Village Directory so as to give the details on number of inaccessible villages in each district. In the Town Directory, a statement (IV-A) on slums was introduced to provide the details on civic and other amenities in the notified slums of Class I and Class n towns. The 1991 census DCHB, by and large, followed the pattern of presentation of 1981 census, except the format of PC A was restructured. Nine-fold industrial classification of main workers was given against the four­ fold industrial classification presented in the 1981 census. In addition, sex-wise population in 0-6 age group was included in the PCA for the first time with a view to enable the data users to compile more realistic literacy rate as all children below 7 years of age had been treated as illiterate at the time of 1991 census. One of the important innovations in the 1991 census was the Community Development Block (CD block) level presentation of village directory and PCA data instead of the traditional tahsil/talukiPS level presentation. It was expected that the presentation ofvill,age directory and PCA data at CD block level will help the planners in formulation of micro level development plans, CD block being lowest administrative unit. The present series of 200 1 census DCHBs have been made more informative and exhaustive in terms of coverage and content. The Village Directory has been enlarged in scope by including a number of other facilities like banking, recreational and cultural facilities, newspapers arid magazines and 'most important commodity' manufactured in village. Income and expenditure of gram panchayat, wherever possible, has been provided. Apart from these, more details on distance(s) at which basic amenities are available (if not available . in the village), are given. This includes educational facilities (namely primary and middle schools and college), medical facilities (viz. Allopathic Hospital, Maternity & Child Welfare Centre and Primary Health Centre),

(ix) drinking water, post & telegraph (post office and phone), communication, bank, credit societies and recreational facilities. In Town Directory, the statement on Slums has been modified and its coverage enlarged by including details on all slums instead of 'notified slums'. The information is given in case of all statutory towns irrespective .of their class, against only Class I and Class II towns in the 1981 and 1991 censuses. The basic amenities available in the villages and towns are analysed in depth with the help of a number of cross-classified inset tables and statements. Two other significant additions in the publication are inclusion of 'motif' highlighting significant characteristic of the district and analytical notes as annexures. The analytical notes on (i) fertility and mortality and (ii) various measures of fertility and mean age at marriage are prepared based on 1991 Census. Whereas, in the notes relating to (i) percentage distribution of migrants by place ofbirthlplace oflast residence, (ii) main religions, (iii) marital status of population, (iv) age, sex and education and (v) distribution of spectrum of mother tongue, nature and extent of changes occurred in the district in its basic socio-demographic features during the decade 1991-2001 are analysed. The eight digits permanent location code number (PLCN) to all the villages and towns have been assigned keeping in view the future needs. The village and town level amenity data have been collected, compiled and computerised in prescribed record structure under the supervision of Shri. C. Chandramouli, Director of Census Operations, Tamil Nadu. Thereafter, efforts have been made to ensure comparability of the information with that of 1991 census data and the information brought out by the respective state governments in their annual reports and statistical handbooks for various years after 1991. The task of planning, designing and coordination of this publication was carried out by Shri R.G. Mitra, Deputy Registrar General (C&T) and Dr. I.C. Agrawal, Assistant Registrar General of Social Studies Division. Dr. R.P.Singh, Deputy Registrar General (Map) provided the technical guidance in the preparation of maps. Whereas, Shri Anil Kumar Arora, Deputy Director of Data Processing Division who worked under the overall supervision of Shri Himakar, Add!. Director (EDP) helped in preparation of record . structure for computerisation of village and town directory data and the programme for the generation of Village Directory and Town Directory statements including analytical inset tables. The draft DCHB manuscripts received from the Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division under the guidance ofShri S.L. Jain, Deputy Director and Shri R.K. Mehta, Assistant Director. I am thankful to all of them and others who have contributed to make this publication possible.

D.K. Sikri Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India

New October 17, .2006.

(x) Preface

Dublication of the District Census Handbooks (DCHBs) was initiated after the 1951 census and is ~ontinuing since then with innovations/modifications after each decennial census. This is the most valuable district level publication brought out by the census organization on behalf of each State Government/Union Territory administration. It inter-alia provides datalinformation on some of the basic demographic and socio­ economic characteristics and on the availability of certain important civic amenities/facilities in each village and town of the respective districts. The District Census Handbook has two segments: Part A and Part B. Part A primarily deals with village and Town Directory and Part B contains Primary Census Abstract of each village and town of the District. The 1991 Census data presentation both in Part A and Part B of this book was the transition from traditional presentation at Taluk level to CD Block level and this pattern continued in 200 1 census as well. For the first time in 2001 census, the District Census Handbooks are being made available in electronic format. The District Census Handbook is the joint collaboration of the Census Directorate and the Government of Tamil Nadu. On behalf of the Government of Tamil Nadu, this Directorate has prepared the manuscript of this book. The District Census Handbooks of 200 1 have some additional information which is based on the 2001 census as compared to the previous censuses like capturing of information on participation of women in economic activities, netting all the children in age-group 0-14 as also elderly people of age 60 years and above. The data about the number of handicapped persons including partial disability has also been collected in 2001 census for the whole of India. The most important methodological innovation introduced in 2001 census relate to carving out separate slum enumeration blocks. The data being presented in this publication have been collected and compiled by Shri M.R.Y. Krishna Rao, Deputy Director of Census Operations, Tamil Nadu with the assistance of Shri S.K. Srivastav, N. Sukumar Nandagopal and A. Achchu Ali, Assistant Directors. For the preparation of manuscript of this book, I received wholehearted co-operation from all the Heads of Departments, Heads of offices of the District / Taluk / Corporation / Municipal/Town and Rural Administration and a number of dedicated and experienced Census staff of this office. I am grateful to all of them for their valuable contribution in the accomplishment of this task of national importance. I must place on record the co-operation extended to me by the press media and electronic media to make the census taking a great success in the state. I am deeply grateful to Shri J.K. Banthia, lAS the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India, New Delhi for the valuable guidance and advice at every step till the finalisation of this handbook. I also express my thanks to Dr I.C. Agrawal, Assistant Registrar General (Social Studies Division) and Shri S.L. Jain, Deputy Director, ORGI, New Delhi for preparing the set of instructions for the compilation of the village and Town Directory and other inset tables etc. being inserted in this District Census Handbook. In particular, it has to be mentioned that the write up portion was taken up by Shri M.R.Y.Krishna Rao, Deputy Director and finalised by Dr. D. Venkatesan, Deputy Director with the assistance of other members of the staff whose names have been mentioned in the "Acknowledgements".

Dr. C. Cbandramouli, lAS - 600 090 Director of Census Operations, Dated: 0110112003 Tamil Nadu (xi)

Acknowledgements

Editing and Supervision

Shri. M.R.V. Krishna Rao Deputy Director Dr. D. Venkatesan Deputy Director

Drafting

Dr. D. Venkatesan Deputy Director Shri. A. Achchu Ali Assistant Director

Collection of data

Shri. N. Gnanasekaran Statistical Investigator Grade - I Shri. A Guruswamy Statistical Investigator Grade - II Shri. M. Thangave1u Statistical Investigator Grade - II Shri. G.. R. Mukundan Statistical Investigator Grade - III

Compilation and scrutiny of data

Smt. K.M. Maheswari Statistical Investigator Grade - II

Data Entry

Smt. K. Kalpana Data Entry Operator - Gr. B Shri. S. Anand Kumar Complier

DCHB data merging and generation of tables

Smt. J. Chithra Data Processing Assistant Shri. S. Anand Kumar Compiler

Mapping

Shri. J.C. Srivastava Research Officer (Map) Shri. R. Joseph Senior Geographer Shri. E.S. Jayamohan Senior Drawing Assistant Shri. A. Lazar Geographer Smt. J. Coumary Senior Draftsman Shri. G. Rajkumar Data Entry Operator - Gr. B Shri. D. Jayakumar Data Entry Operator - Gr. B

Preparation of camera ready copy (CRC)

Smt. K. Kalpana Data Entry Operator - Gr. B

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District Highlights - 2001 Census

1. Kanniyakumari District ranks 18 th in terms of population from the highest in Tamil Nadu.

2. The district has recorded 65.3% urban population out oftotal population.

3. The density of population in the district was 995 against the State level of 480 persons per sq km.

4. The district has recorded the sex ratio of 1,014 as against the State sex ratio of 987.

5. The district has recorded the literacy rate of 87.6%as against the State literacy rate of 73.5%.

6. There are 7 uninhabited villages out of76 villages in the district.

7. Decadal population growth rate was 4.7% in the district, much less as against the State average of 11.7%

8. has the highest number of inhabited villages (20) and Thovala taluk has the lowest number (12) of such villages.

9. The district has 60 towns, of which 55 towns have been added since 1991.

10. There are 376,499 households in the district.

11. Nearly 80.2% of the households use firewood as fuel for cooking and only 9.9% of households using LPG in the district.

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IMPORTANT STATISTICS OF THE KANNIYAKUMARI DISTRICT,2001 State District Tamil Nadu Kanniyakumari Number Percentage Number Percentage Number ofYillages Total 16,317 100.0 76 100.0 Inhabited 15,400 94.4 69 90.8 Uninhabited 917 5.6 7 92

Number of Towns Statutory 721 86.7 60 100.0 Census III 13.3 0 0.0 Total 832 100.0 60 100.0

Number of households 14,665,983 100.0 376,499 IO().O Normal 14,603,541 99.6 375,315 99.7 Institutional 41,910 0.3 888 0.2 Houseless 20,532 0.1 296 (/.1

Total Population Persons 62,405,679 100.0 1,676,034 100.0 Males 31,400,909 50.3 832,269 49.7 Females 31,004,770 49.7 843,765 50.3

Rural Persons 34,921,681 100.0 582,107 100.0 Males 17,531,494 50.2 289,516 49.7 Females 17,390,187 49.8 292,591 50.3

Urban Persons 27,483,998 100.0 1,093,927 100.0 Males 13,869,415 50.5 542,753 4% Females 13,614,583 49.5 551,174 50.4

Percentage of rural population 56.0 34.7

Percentage of urban population 44.0 65.3

. Decadal population growth 1991 - 200 I Persons 6,546,733 11.7 132,453 10.0 Males 3,101,934 11.0 62,518 9.4 Females 3,444,799 12.5 69,935 10.5

Area (in sqlcm) 130,058 1,684

Density of population 480 995 (persons per square km) Sex ratio Total 987 1,014 (Number of females per 1000.males) Rural 992 1,011 Urban 982 1,016 Literates Persons 40,524,545 73.5 1,308,322 87.6 Males 22,809,662 82.4 668,667 90.4 Females 17,714,883 64.4 639,655 84.8

(xix) State District Tamil Nadu Kanniyakumari Number Percentage Number Percentage Scheduled Caste Population Persons 11,857,504 19.0 67,712 4.0 Males 5,932,925 18.9 33,365 4.0 Females 5,924,579 19.1 34,347 4.1

Scheduled Tribe Population Persons 651,321 1.0 5,443 0.3 Males 328,917 1.0 2,678 OJ Females 322,404 1.0 2,765 0.3

Workers and non-workers Total workers Persons 27,878,282 44.7 548,056 32.7 Males 18,100,397 57.6 440,720 53.0 Females 9,777,885 31.5 107,336 12.7

(1) Main workers Persons 23,757,783 38.1 454,378 27.1 Males 16,303,310 51.9 374,862 45.0 Females 7,454,473 24.0 79,516 9.4

(ii) Marginal workers Persons 4,120,499 6.6 93,678 5.6 Males 1,797,087 5.7 65,858 7.9 Females 2,323,412 7.5 27,820 3.3

(iii) Non-workers Persons 34,527,397 55.3 1,127,978 67.3 Males 13,300,512 42.4 391,549 47.0 Females 21,226,885 68.5 736,429 87.3

Category of workers (Main & Marginal)

(1) Cultivators Persons 5,116,039 18.4 15,659 2.9 Males 3,262,489 18.0 12,866 2.9 Females 1,853,550 19.0 2,793 2.6

(ii) Agricultural labourers Persons 8,637,630 31.0 82,733 51.1 Males 4,256,360 23.5 70,872 16.1 Females 4,381,270 44.8 11,861 I 1.1

(iii) Workers in household industries Persons 1,499,761 5.4 36,065 6.6 Males 648,589 3.6 13,317 3.0 Females 851,172 8.7 22,748 21.2

(iv) Other workers Persons 12,624,852 45.3 413,599 75.5 Males 9,932,959 54.9 343,665 78.0 Females 2,691,893 27.5 69,934 65.2

Definition of Census Town:

All places which satisfy or are expected to satisfy the following criteria are treated as Census Town. i) A minimum popUlation of 5,000, ii) At least 75 per cent of the male working population engaged in non-agricultural pursuits and iii) A density of population of at least 400 per square kilometre (1,000 per square mile).

(xx) RANKING OF TALUKS IN THE DISTRICT Serial In Terms of Vilavancode Kalkulam Number Value Rank Value Rank 1 2 3 4 5 6

Total Population 533,650 2 537,813

2 Total area (in sq.kms) 369.2 2 671.8

3 Density of population / sq.km 1445.4 4 800.6 2

4 Sex Ratio 1,003 4 1,018 2

5 Proportion of Urban Population 56.1 3 69.7 2

6 Proportion of Scheduled Caste Population 11,992 4 17,179 3

7 Proportion of Scheduled Tribe Population 812 3 3032

8 Proportion of Literates 405,315 2 415,310

9 Work Participation Rate (Main + Marginal) 176,697 172,281 2

10 Percentage of Villages having Primary Schools 100.0 83.3 3

II Percentage of Villages having P. H. Sub - Center 95.0 83.3 2

12 Percentage of Villages having wells 100.0 88.9 4

13 Percentage of Villages having Post Office 95.0 61.1 4

14 Percentage of Villages having Bus facility 100.0 88.9 3

15 Percentage of Villages having Pucca Road 100.0 83.3 3

16 Percentage of Villages having Electricity for Domestic use 100.0 88.9 2

17 Percentage of Villages having Forest area 5.0 4 27.8 2

18 Percentage of Villages having Irrigated area 95.0 70.2 3

(xxi) RANKING OF TALUKS IN THE DISTRICT (Contd.) Serial In Terms of Thovala Number Value Rank Value Rank 1 2 7 8 9 10

Total Population 110,719 4 493,852 3

2 Total area (in sq.kms) 317.2 4 325.8 3

3 Density of population / sq.km 349.0 3 1515.7

4 Sex Ratio 1,011 3 1,022

5 Proportion of Urban Population 49.4 4 73.8

6 Proportion of Scheduled Caste Population 12,381 2 26,160

7 Proportion of Scheduled Tribe Population 690 4 909 2

8 Proportion of Literates 85,132 4 402,565 3

9 Work Participation Rate (Main + Marginal) 39,075 4 160,003 3

10 Percentage of Villages having Primary Schools 83.3 3 84.2 2

II Percentage of Villages having P. H. Sub - Center 83.3 2 63.2 3

12 Percentage of Villages having wells 91.7 3 94.7 2

13 Percentage of Villages having Post Office 75.0 3 78.9 2

14 Percentage of Villages having Bus facility 91.7 2 100.0

15 Percentage of Villages having Pucca Road 91.7 2 100.0

16 Percentage of Villages having Electricity for Domestic use 100.0 100.0

17 Percentage of Villages having Forest area 66.7 10.5 3

18 Percentage of Villages having Irrigated area 33.3 4 89.5 2

(xxii) Summary Statements

List of Summary Statements

Statement 1: Name of the headquarters ofDistrict/Taluk, their rural­ urban status and distance from District headquarters, 2001.

Statement 2: Name of the headquarters ofDistrictiC D block, their rural­ urban status and distance from District headquarters, 2001.

Statement 3: Population of the District at each census from 1901 to 2001.

Statement 4: Area, number of villagesIt owns and population in District and Taluk, 2001.

Statement 5: CD block wise number ofvilIages and rural population, 200l.

Statement 6: Population of urban agglomerations (including constituent units/towns),2001.

Statement 7: Villages with population of 5,000 and above at C D block level as per 2001 census and amenities available.

Statement 8: Statutory Towns with population less than 5,000 as per 2001 Census and amenities available.

Statement 9: Houseless and institutional population ofTaluks, rural and urban, 2001.

(xxiii) STATEMENT- 1 NAME OF THE HEADQUARTERS OF DISTRICT / T ALUK, THEIR RURAL-URBAN STATUS AND DISTANCE FROM DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS, 2001 Serial Name of District / Taluk Name of District / Tahsil Whether Distance from tahsil headquarters to number headquarters Urban / Rural district headquarters by road (in km.) 2 3 4 5 I Vilavancode Kuzhithurai (M) Urban 33 2 Thackklai (M) Urban 15 3 Thovala Bhoothapandi (M) Urban 10 4 Agastheeswaram (M) Urban 0

STATEMENT- 2 NAME OF THE HEADQUARTERS OF DISTRICT I C.D.BLOCK THEIR RURAL - URBAN STATUS AND DISTANCE FROM DISTRICT HEADQUARTERS, 2001 Serial Name of District / C. D. block Name of District / C.D.block Whether Distance from C.D.block number headquarters Urban / Rural headquarters to district headquarters by road (in km.) 2 3 4 5 Melpuram Melpuram Rural 33 2 Munchira Munchira Rural 38 3 KilJiyur Killiyur Urban 35 4 Thiruvattaru Thiruvattaru Urban 50 5 Thovala Bhoothapandi Urban 10 6 Thackkalai Thackkalai Rural 16 7 Kurunthancode Kurunthancode Rural 18 8 Rajakkamangalam Rajakkamangalam Rural 12 9 Agastheeswaram Agastheeswaram Urban 16

(xxiv) STATEMENT -3 POPULATION OF THE DISTRICT AT EACH CENSUS FROM 1901 TO 2001 District Total! Census Year Persons Males Females Decadal population variation Rural! Urban Absolute Percentage 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Kanniyakumari Total 1901 547,620 262,419 285,201 1911 583,413 278,205 305,208 35,793 6.4 1921 607,933 291,593 316,340 24,520 4.2 1931 573,642 273,375 300,267 -31,921 -5.3 1941 622,706 301,840 320,866 49,064 8.6 1951 704,102 343,264 360,838 81,396 13.1 1961 750,461 369,334 381,127 46,359 6.6 1971 947,351 471,067 476,284 196,890 26.2 1981 1,156,813 576,335 580,478 209,000 22.1 1991 1,327,148 661,782 665,366 170,335 14.7 2001 1,459,601 724,300 735,301 132,453 10.0

Rural 1901 527,273 252,470 274,803 1911 556,563 265,097 291,466 29,290 5.6 1921 581,832 278,661 303,171 25,269 4.5 1931 535,946 254,804 281,142 -45,886 -7.9 1941 579,043 280,177 298,866 43,097 8.0 1951 644,768 313,532 331,236 65,725 11.4 1961 982,810 335,086 347,724 38,042 5.9 1971 849,864 421,638 428,226 167,054 24.5 1981 1,023,246 508,544 514,702 173,382 20.4 1991 1,235,703 616,278 619,425 212,457 20.8 2001 1,211,217 600,511 610,706 24,486 2.0

Urban 1901 20,347 9,949 10,398 1911 26,850 13,108 13,742 6,503 32.0 1921 26,101 12,932 13,169 -749 -2.8 1931 37,696 18,571 19,125 11,595 44.2 1941 43,663 21,663 22,000 5,967 15.8 1951 59,334 29,732 29,602 15,671 35.9 1961 67,651 34,248 33,403 8,317 14.0 1971 97,487 49,429 48,058 29,836 44.1 1981 133,567 67,791 65,776 36,080 37.0 1991 91,445 45,504 45,941 -42,122 -31.5 2001 248,384 123,789 124,695 156,939 171.6

(xxv) STATEMENT-4 AREA, NUMBER OF VILLAGES! TOWNS AND POPULATION IN DISTRICT AND TALUK, 2001 ....