Foundation Conflict and Community This site has been vacant since the night of 13th A short distance towards the The town of Tipperary was established around 1200 In 1BB9 and 1919, events in Tipperary had national November 1920. Earlier that day, at the height of centre of Main Street and marked by the Norman William de Burgh. Tipperary was importance. Between 1BB9-91, 'New Tipperary' the War of Independence, several British soldiers with a commemorative plaque is 1 important enough in the 13 h century to give its became a unique part of the Irish land war and were killed in an ambush in the Glen of Aherlow. the site of the house in which John name to the county and growth was helped when thirty years later, the Soloheadbeg ambush, just Two houses stood on this site, one of which, the O'Leary (1B30-1907) and his sister Augustinian friars came to the town around 1300. outside the town, began the Irish War of home of PJ. Moloney, Sinn Fein member of Dail Ellen (1B31 -B9) were born and However town walls were not built and Tipperary Independence. Following Independence, economic Eireann was burned in retaliation. Both houses grew up. 1 John O'Leary suffered a long period of decline. Events in the 16 h recovery was slow. Tipperary largely had to rely on were destroyed and never rebuilt. In October 191B, century all but destroyed t he town as decades of its own resources. Milk production remained the M oloney house was t he venue for the meeting war cent red on the forested Glen of Aherlow, a important, now centred on Tipperary Co-operative t hat organised the 3rd Tipperary Brigade of the Irish Finally, and centuries back in stronghold of rebels against the crown. Creamery, established in 190B and in the 21" Volunteers, one of the most active IRA units in t he time, across the road at 35 Main century a major part of the town's economy. War of Independence. Near here are four others Street, the Emmet family home, Recovery In the 1930s a national community development sites of interest in the story of Republican Tipperary. where the father of Robert The wars of the 17'h century resulted in new land organisation Muintir na Tire was founded by a local (177B-1B03) and Thomas Addis owners, one of whom was Erasmus Smith (1611-91 ), priest Fr John Hayes (1BB7-1957) and this spirit of The driving force behind Republicanism was the Emmet (1764-1B27) was born who founded a grammar school for sons of his co-operative enterprise continues to inspire Irish Republican Brotherhood, a secret oath-bound in 1729. 1n contrast was the tenants on the site of the Augustinian Friary. His the community. society dedicated to full Irish independence. In career of Sir John O'Shannassy school nourished until the early 1920s. Urban Tipperary the key person was William Benn who (1B1B-B3) who lived at No.2 growth was slow in the 1B'h century but among the Setting lived across the road from this display in No.3 Church Street while serving his men who settled in Tipperary and established Church Street and in whose house many important time to the drapery trade The primary attraction of the town ofTipperary is its Sir John O'Shannassy families was Christopher Emmet (1702-43) who had setting. Spread across a hill facing south, the town is meetings took place. On your right as you walk up before emigrating to Australia a medical practice. His grandson the patriot Robert in 1B39. He prospered there, a short drive from Slievenamuck and the Galtees, O'Brien Street, is a plaque marking the site of the Emmet Jed a failed rebellion in Dublin and was becoming a successful merchant and three times twin guardians of the famed Glen of Aherlow. Tivoli, where on 10 May 1914, the Irish Volunteers executed in 1B03. premier of the state of Victoria. He visited Tipperary in In the words of a local poet, the relationship were organised in Tipperary October 1B66 to great acclaim by a section of opinion between these two elevations is like t hat of a 'fond Growth but with demonstrations of displeasure by others who mother guarding a child'. Before there was a town, Tipperary railway station was opened in 1B4B and believed that he had sold out. there may have been a well that gave its name to once the worst effects of the Great Famine were both town and county. This was the Well of Ara (in over, the town enjoyed a sustained period of the Irish language Tiobraid Arann, which became ~ n-~ •r ·;,, -~ 1 growth, especially in the 1B70s. Above everything Tipperary), of importance to travellers as they else, Tipperary's growth and prosperity depended moved between the two most important p laces in on the milk produced in the rich agricultural land, the region: Cashel of the Kings and t he monastery the Golden Vale. After Cork city, Tipperary's butter ofEmly. market was the most important in the United Kingdom. J11l Robert Emmer commemorative stamps Manchester Martyrs pasrcard npperary (ram the ctonmel Road C.l90o ChurchWell t I ,'li1I ~ ' ' \ ~ '\ \ "--~,' IP.\ Rosanna Road t . 1r w •.-:.----i \,.._. St Patrick's Ave. i '~ --... ...;; .......-••• ------ -.I ' I "'t-'••-•••.., 1:::1 I N ST Michael's Road ~ '~ I ~ ~~. \ ,--· ' & Lltn ---~-..., / , ' ' OlC2:: ____... _____ ...:: --- 'fRte;( 1 1 'C, ......... --------- Ro..q t11on astery Rd , -.... ... .._ I o~. ln ~' ~ ......... ......... +- 1 D ._, • I ro , ...... .-;_.......... CASHELROAD ~ I ~.£:_ l ,.. _,. .,..,. .,.,. I ~ I •;. G .,..-..,..,..,..,..,..,._..- .- I"--. I ... ___ ... .,.__ .,..,..,. ~ • (, ---- , • ,... ' ' ............... -- suee't ~ 1 ----.. --• ' ' ' ' ..,. .,.,..,. .,..,.... ttneVJ W/ Church St ', ~ .:... -.,. ... ~_. ...... .,. .-t-tl'fla ~ ~ A ' t ' --- ......... ?\ace "-"--..._ ... ._ ____ , •..,...,. ·kiP~. l'flainSueeCD, • ...... ---:~w san\<. .... ~ ...... A'·.' I' V Abb!t~ .! ~ ~ : ~ ------.. t•l I I~ v I I link Road I I '',' ' \ ~o> ' , ~ . '' ~ RED ROUTE \'-:g '' o> DISTANCE: 3.2km TIME: 1 Hour ,,, '',o- ,, 1 1 11 ' ' 1 1 11 ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,\ ,,',.~1 ,,,,,, ,,,, ,, ,, ,,,,,R A I l, WAY,, ,,, ,,,,Ll N, E,,,, ,, ,, ,, ,,, BLUE ROUTE • I ''',. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, DISTANCE: 1.45km TIME: 35 Minutes ' ' ,,,, GREEN ROUTE '' '' DISTANCE: 1.6km TIME: 30 Minutes t'' '• ORANGE ROUTE '' '' DISTANCE: 1.2km TIME: 30 Minutes '\'~, ,,' Tourist Information \~.• The 1870s in Tipperary town was a decade of urban In March 1922 following the Anglo-Irish Treaty, the Fenian Rising Irish Civil War development. With a post-Famine economic RIC left Tipperary, a departure not without incident On Tuesday 5th March 1867, Tipperary town was in Following various inquiries, changes were made to recovery in full flow, the town not only got a new as they were shot at as they marched to the railway an uproar as rumour spread that Fenian rebels were the prison system and by 1886, Tipperary Bridewell town hall, military barracks and banks but in station. Local Volunteers opposed to the Treaty took gathering to stage an uprising. The following day was closed. In the summer of 1922, during the Irish keeping with the region's reputation for lawlessness, over the barracks but in July they were d efeated by around one hundred and fifty men armed with pikes Civil War, when government forces captured the a large new police station. In 1871, comparing government forces and the barracks was badly and some guns, gathered at an ancient fort in town, Republican prisoners were held briefly in the police levels in Irish and English counties, Tipperary damaged. The new police force, the Garda Siochana Ballyhurst just outside the town on the Cashel road. Bridewell. After many years of neglect Tipperary had the highest concentration of police- an was not able to occupy the building until1927. A Leading the rebels was Fethard-native Thomas F. Bridewell was refurbished and today serves astonishing one policeman for every 194 new garda station was opened in 1993. Bourke (1840-89). His family had taken him to the as offices. inhabitants. United States when he was ten and as he was in Across the road was the Church of Ireland rectory, New Orleans when the American civil war began, he Courthouse Some stones were thrown we can't deny; built in the 1860s and now the offices of the Town joined the Confederate side. Taken prisoner at The courthouse and bridewell (gaol) located to the Some harmless squibs were fired about;.. Council and named for Dan Breen {1894-1969), one Gettysburg in July 1863, he was not released until rear, were built around 1841. The most famous trial But the peelers got such fright;. of the local leaders in the War of Independence. In the war ended two years later. His work as a Fenian held here was in September 1890, when twelve of organiser brought him to Britain and then to Ireland In their anger hot they fired buckshot;. the nineteenth-century therefore, this general the leaders of the New Tipperary struggle, including early in 1867. location represented the power and status of church five MPs and Fr David Humphreys CC, were tried From a ba llad about an episod e in Tipperary in 1889. and state. for conspiracy. Thomas F. Bourke Built around 1B76 and designed to withstand attack, Along with some forty others captured with him, there was an independent water supply and still to described as 'very few farmers' sons, servant boys, be seen are the mural features allowing the tradesmen and labourers of the town', Bourke was entrances to be fired on from within the building taken to Tipperary Bridewell. A week later, should the natives become too revolting. The shots handcuffed in pairs and under military guard, the that started the War of Independence on 21st Fenian prisoners were marched to the railway January 1919 in Soloheadbeg were fired at two station and taken to Clonmel.