The Marine Biological Laboratory

Ninety-Third Report for the Year 1990 One-Hundred and Third Year

Officers of the Corporation

Denis M. Robinson, Honorary Chairman of the Board of Trustees Prosser Gifford, Chairman of the Board of Trustees Harlyn O. Halvorson, President of the Corporation and Director Robert D. Manz, Treasurer Kathleen Dunlap, Clerk of the Corporation

Contents .

Report of the President and Director

Report of the Treasurer . Financial Statements Report of the Librarian 17 Educational Programs 19 Summer Courses . .

Short Courses . Summer Research Programs Principal Investigators .... Other Research Personnel ... 30 Library Readers Institutions Represented 34 Year-Round Research Programs Honors Board of Trustees and Committees Laboratory Support Staff Members of the Corporation Life Members 54 Regular Members Associate Members 64 Certificate of Organization 68 Articles of Amendment 68 68 Bylaws

Report of the President and Director

I began last year's report by discussing the for Advanced Studies. At the close of 1990, the new Laboratory's needs and reminding the Corporation of ASL was in the second of three design phases. the pressing need for a new Marine Resources Center The construction of the new Marine Resources capable of providing a reliable, healthy, and genetically Center and the progress toward a new Advanced denned supply of marine organisms. I closed that Studies Laboratory are important steps toward ensuring discussion of the long-awaited, many-times-planned a bright future for the Laboratory, but other long- MRC with the hope that this important facility would standing and well-documented needs remain. To become a reality "before too many more director's address these additional needs, the Trustees at their reports are filed." June 22 meeting initiated a long-range development

I begin this director's report, my fourth, the program. The Executive Committee approved the use Laboratory's ninety-third (covering its one-hundred of a development consultant to help us review our third year) with the very good news that the new MRC readiness for mounting a major fund raising campaign. will indeed be a reality very soon. As I write this The consultant. Browning Associates, presented a report (in the spring of 1991), the building is going up cogent analysis of the Laboratory, which will help us outside my window. Where we used to have a greatly expand our development operation in 1991 and carpenters' shop and a parking lot, we now have pilings beyond. on top of which the walls of a state-of-the-art facility for holding marine animals are rising. The key step toward Research the MRC in 1990 was the passage, in October, of a Federal appropriation bill that included $4.75 million At the urging of the External Scientific Advisory toward the MRC. Coupled with earlier Federal support, Committee, we established in 1990 a Scientific Council this brought funding for the MRC and related projects to function in an advisory capacity to the Executive to a total of $8. 95 million. Committee. The Council is charged with guiding the Part of the planning for the new MRC involved Laboratory in: making alternate plans for parking and a re-location of the carpenters' shop. The plan at the close of 1990 is to the development of scientific and educational build a new carpenters' shop on the MBL campus next programs to the Broderick House and to put a new, off-site the use of scientific resources parking lot in the MBL Woods off Oyster Pond Road the evaluation and promotion of scientific staff near Memorial Circle. In the next director's report, I the recruitment of new scientific positions fully expect to be able to report that these auxiliary the initiation of institutional grant proposals. projects are completed and that the new MRC is up and very close to going on-line. The council is to work in conjunction with existing While preparations for construction of the MRC committees, such as the Research Space Committee occupied much of our attention in 1990, we and the Instruction Committee. simultaneously continued to plan for an Advanced Council members are appointed by the director, with Studies Laboratory (ASL), which together with the the approval of the Executive Committee. The council MRC will constitute the Marine Biomedical Institute is to include up to three members of the year-round 2 Annual Report

Aerial view of the MBL's Marine Resources Center. Photo by Robert Colder.

scientific community, up to three members of the LJniversity, and Byron H. Waksman, Harvard summer community, two non-MBL scientists, the MBL University and New York University. director who serves e.\ officio. and an c.\ officio At the urging of the External Scientific Advisory executive secretary. The first council is composed of: Committee, we have been taking a careful look at the year-round MBL scientists Drs. John Hobbie (vice- cost of the courses. The Instruction Committee looked chairman), Mitchell Sogin, and Felix Strumwasser; at cost containment in 1990, and, while there is as yet summer MBL scientists Drs. Barbara Ehrlich, Gerald no consensus on how to proceed, it is clear that we will Fischbach, and Joseph Sanger, Dr. Holger Jannasch. have to do something about spiraling cost increases in Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, and Dr. this age of decreasing federal support for advanced Howard Hiatt, Brigham and Women's Hospital. Dr. training. Leslie Garrick serves as ex officio executive secretary, New fellowships in 1990 included the Nikon and, as director of the MBL, I serve as ex officio Fellowship: a Bernard Davis Fellowship for studies in chairman of the council. microbiology or molecular evolution; the Daniel S. The council met throughout 1990 to evaluate Grosch Scholarship Fund for studies in environmental scientists for appointment and promotion and to set toxicology; and the Porter Fellowships for Minority directions for future scientific development and Students/Investigators for work in physiology. A list of expansion. They completed a draft of one position fellowship recipients appears later in this issue. paper on Laboratory directions in cellular and developmental biology. The council plans to prepare Library additional position papers on environmental sciences/ ecology, microbiology, molecular evolution, neurobiology, and plant sciences. These documents are The Library made continued progress toward targeted for completion in 1991 and 1992. applying computing technology to library services. As described in the Report of the Librarian, Jane Instruction Fessenden, the MBL Librarian of 29 years, retired in 1990. In December, Dr. David Stonehill accepted the The instruction program continued in 1990 with its position of Director of the MBL/WHOI Library and unanimously acclaimed courses. One new short course Scientific Information Research Center. Dr. Stonehill was added: Pathogenesis of Neuroimmunologic has been a national leader in the development of Diseases, co-directed b\ J. Murdoch Ritchie, Yale modern information services, having worked for Report of the President and Director 3

the financial risks of growth have been properly anticipated and planned for. The committee is to include two at-large trustees, two corporate trustees,

and the treasurer, e.\ officio. Treasurer Robert Manz chaired the new committee, which began by making a comprehensive review of the new MRC. In August, the Long Range Financial Planning Committee gave the Trustees a favorable report on the financial planning for the MRC. That favorable report was an important part of the briefing that led to the Trustees' decision to proceed toward construction of the new MRC.

Personnel

A group of MBL employees, including service, maintenance, and clerical workers, voted in February to affiliate with the Hospital Workers Union, Local 767. Collective bargaining negotiations began almost Jelle Atema, the new director of the Boston University Marine Program. immediately after the election, and with the union and Photo Judith Anderson. by management both negotiating in a spirit of cooperation and mutual respect, we were able to negotiate our first NASA, a number of leading universities, and most contract in an impressively short time. A fair, recently the President of the United States. reasonable, and workable contract was signed in July, and the work of the Laboratory proceeded without Governance disruption. Long-time manager of marine resources John Valois In August, Dr. Prosser GifTord announced his retired in November after 40 years at the MBL. In intention to step down from the chairmanship of the addition to running the collecting operation, Mr. Valois MBL Board of Trustees. Dr. Gifford led the MBL for has served for years as a spokesman for marine biology 14 years, through a period of unprecedented change and has appeared regularly in newspapers and on and growth. In a little short of a decade and a half, he television extolling the virtues of marine animals as worked with 4 of the 1 1 directors the Laboratory has models for research. On his departure, Edward Enos had in its 103 year existence. Under his leadership, the was promoted to Superintendent of Marine Resources. Laboratory's facilities were significantly upgraded, the Mr. Enos has been a collector for many years and was year-round science program grew substantially, the eminently well-prepared to take the reins of the educational program maintained its character, the department. library prospered and began an exciting modernization program, and the administrative and development staffs were strengthened. Neurobiologist Dr. Jelle Atema assumed the directorship of the Boston University Marine Program in August. He replaces Dr. Rudi Strickler. who had directed BUMP since 1987. Dr. Atema has energetic plans for BUMP's graduate and undergraduate programs, and his long acquaintance with the MBL bodes well for our partnership with Boston University. In their February meeting, the Trustees approved a new Long Range Financial Planning Committee charged with reporting to the Trustees and/or the Executive Committee on the existence and appropriateness of long-range financial planning mechanisms of the laboratory. Responsibility for planning remains with the administration of the MBI, Science Writing Fellows in the Ilands-On Laboratory Course. laboratory, while the new committee is to assure that Photo by James Hrynyshyn. 4 Annual Report

The Biological Bulletin

Under the editorship of Michael J. Greenberg, The Biological Bulletin continued to publish well-presented reports of outstanding research that is of general interest to biologists throughout the world. In 1990, Dr. Greenberg announced that all page charges would be dropped, and that authors would be offered 100 free reprints for publishing in the journal. Most importantly, he noted in his 1990 report to the corporation, a carefully prepared manuscript can now appear in print as soon as 3.6 months after its submission. In fact, some manuscripts meeting the criteria of the new Research Notes section which features brief communications of high quality and currency may appear in print even sooner. All of these initiatives have been highlighted in the journal's newsletter. The Biological Board. The newsletter, which is published "occasionally" by the editorial staff, was created to highlight and promote the articles appearing in. and the policies of, the journal. Dr. Greenberg has also been attempting to adjust the The Pholo Christian Steiner. mix of papers appearing in the Bulletin so that the Tokyo String Quartet. by journal more closely reflects research here at the MBL. To assist in this effort. Dr. Greenberg has recruited three Associate Editors to aid in the review and Public programs solicitation of manuscripts. Drs. J. Malcolm Shick (University of Maine, Orono), Peter A. V. Anderson We continued to offer a few modest programs for our (The Whitney Laboratory), and David Epel (Hopkins non-scientist neighbors on the Upper Cape. In July we Marine Station) will serve four-year terms as Associate held a public symposium on Science and Public Policy. Editors in their respective fields of physiology and The keynote address was delivered by Massachusetts metabolism, neurobiology, and developmental biology. Senator John Kerry, who urged the science community to become more involved in the very political process Science Writing Fellowships of forging a coherent national science policy. The symposium was followed by the second annual MBL In its fifth year, the MBL Science Writing Chamber Music Concert, featuring the Tokyo String Fellowships Program evolved a one-week, hands-on Quartet. course in cellular and molecular biology for science The first annual Falmouth Forum concluded in early writers. Co-directed by Dr. Robert Goldman, 1990 with presentations by Dr. Allen Counter on Black Northwestern University Medical School, and Boyce Arctic explorer Matthew Henson, Anne Hawley on the Rensberger, The Washington Post, the course began government as patron of the arts, a musical portrait of with an introduction to cells and a microscopy Harry Truman by David McCullough, and a panel demonstration, and ended five days later with the discussion on energy and the environment. The series writers cloning and sequencing DNA. The course, was well enough received by local audiences that the which will be expanded to include a neurobiology MBL Associates brought it back for the winter of 1990- component in 1991, is open to all science writers and 9 1 . Marshall Goldman began the second Falmouth serves as an orientation for the MBL Science Writing Forum series in November with a presentation on Fellows. Perestroika, and in December actress Julie Harris read Directorship of the Science Writing Program has from Lucifer's Child, her new one-woman play. passed from founding director James Shreeve to Dr. Byron Waksman. Mr. Shreeve will continue to serve on the program's advisory board. Harlyn O. Halvorson Report of the Treasurer

The year 1990 was one of building for the very heartening, as we have almost doubled the amount Laboratory. Total support and revenues increased from of scholarships, fellowships, and stipends from 1988. $16.2 to $17.1 million due primarily to the initiation of The Current Unrestricted Fund ended the year with construction of the Marine Resources Center, an excess of support and revenues over expenses of supported by a grant from the federal government; $1.4 $93,407. This combines the results of the Housing and million was received and expended on this project in Dining Auxiliary with all other Operations. The 1990. Gifts received decreased approximately $1.6 Housing and Dining Auxiliary had an excess of support million; 1989 was the last year of the receipt of and revenues over expenses of $267,761, of which significant funds from the Howard Hughes Foundation $65,000 was used for scheduled repayment of debt multi-year grant for the Library and the Education owed on the Memorial Circle cottages and $199,863 programs. Dining hall revenues rose $170,000 due to was transferred to the Repairs and Replacements increases in food service functions, attendees, and meal Reserve for housing. More sobering and troublesome, card prices. Investment income grew $200,000 from however, is that the operations of the Laboratory 1989 to 1990 due to increases of long- and short-term without the Housing and Dining operation experienced investments and the length of time that they were a deficiency of revenues to expenses of $174,354. The available to the Laboratory during the respective years. single greatest reason for this was our inability to meet

Recovery of indirect costs related to research and budgeted goals for unrestricted current gifts. instruction grew by approximately $150,000, all of The balance sheet shows that we ended 1990 with a which was attributable to the growth of MBL sponsored significant degree of liquidity as cash and short-term research. Other operating revenues were essentially investments accounted for approximately two-thirds of unchanged from 1989. current assets. Investments at market grew by Total expenses grew approximately $700,000, from approximately $400,000. Essentially all of that was

$15 million in 1989 to $15.7 million in 1990. The most attributable to gifts for endowment, as the net impact of significant increases were in Research Services and the market on the valuation of our investments was a Plant Operations; the former is due primarily to the decline of less than $100,000. expansion of the operations of the Mass Spectrometry Land, buildings and equipment, net of accumulated Laboratory, the Instrument Development Laboratory, depreciation, grew by almost $1 million due primarily and the Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry Center to the beginning of construction of the Marine operated jointly with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Resources Center. When completed, the cost of this Institution; the latter is due primarily to increased project is expected to total $9 million. utility, insurance, and labor costs, as well as significant The operating budget for 1991 reflects a expenses involving the removal of asbestos and other determination to maintain the current level of services repairs and renovations of our housing. It is also worth at the Laboratory in the most cost-effective manner noting that the Laboratory was able to offer possible, while we redouble our efforts to generate more approximately $100,000 more scholarships, fellowships, funds to support operations. and stipends in 1990 than in 1989, a 35% increase. Our greatest single challenge is still the need to find a While our aim is to provide much more, the trend is cost-effective way to provide services that are primarily 6 Annual Report used during the summer months. The strategy of the ability to do so is limited. We can selectively support a Laboratory for the last 20 years has been to increase the few scientists, principally young investigators, and we size of the year-round program to provide a more stable have had some success recently with the establishment financial base for the Laboratory. The Ecosystems of two Nikon fellowships for young summer scientists, Center has been the most notable success to date, and but we need to do much more. we trust that this will be a model for other MBL It is clear that increased attention needs to be paid to sponsored programs. The principal financial benefit of the summer research program to continue its financial this strategy is the potential to achieve efficiencies in the vitality. We need to attract more applicants; we need to cost of administration and services by spreading them find more funds to allow young scientists to become across a broader base. We recognize that these will only familiar with the MBL; and we need to be as efficient as be achieved by focusing on ways to be as efficient as possible in offering and delivering the services that possible. make a stay at the MBL the most productive scientific The principal financial cost of this strategy is the experience possible. capital cost of the laboratory building and equipment to Financially, your Laboratory lives on the edge. On house the scientists and their science, as well as the the positive side, we have continued to demonstrate our reserve or endowment funds necessary to attract ability to attract funds from the federal government, scientists. Through the federal funding to date of the from foundations, and from individuals. We are in the MBIAS project, we are well on our way towards process of significantly upgrading our physical plant, to funding the necessary buildings. The next significant make the Laboratory an even more attractive place to challenge will be generating the necessary program do science. Our housing budget is currently generating support funds. the funds necessary to assure that we will be able to This strategy presumes the continued excellence of continue to maintain and upgrade those facilities. Our the summer research and education programs. Our endowment has continued to grow. On the negative education program shows many signs of health and side, our endowment is not large enough to provide a vitality. Courses are oversubscribed; we have had financial cushion for any of our major programs with renewed success in obtaining grants, and funding the significant exception of the Ecosystems Center. We remains in place to support the overhead costs of the have limited funds to recruit scientists whether for program for the next few years. Our single greatest summer or year-round programs. Our support services challenge at the moment is the renewal of this support do not cover their costs through charges for their either through endowment or renewed medium-term services, and operations aside from Housing and Dining funding. are in deficit. Our summer research program shows signs of To move off the edge we will need to do three things: financial stress. Applications, occupancy, and revenues More clearly define, articulate, and communicate have been flat to marginally declining for the last the MBL's special contribution to science and couple of years. It is clear that reductions in federal society funding have placed a greater budgetary burden on Significantly improve our generation of capital scientists seeking to come to the MBL in the summer, and operating support through fund raising and some have had to withdraw. Redefine for ourselves what constitutes the most The Laboratory has long subsidized the cost of a effective delivery of services in the most efficient summer for all scientists from its stay discretionary manner. resources the summer laboratory fee falls significantly short of the fully allocated cost of the space but our Robert D. Manz Financial Statements

certified public accountants Coopers &Lybrand

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT ACCOUNTANTS

To the Trustees of Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole. Massachusetts

We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Marine Biological Laboratory as of December 3 1 , 1990 and the related statement of support, revenues, expenses and changes in fund balances for the year then ended. We previously examined and reported upon the financial statements of the Laboratory for the year ended December 31, 1989, which condensed statements are presented for comparative purposes only. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Laboratory's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Marine Biological Laboratory at December 31, 1990, and its support, revenues, expenses and changes in fund balances for the year then ended in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.

Our audit was conducted for the purpose of forming an opinion on the basic financial statements taken as a whole. The supplemental schedules of support, revenues, expense and changes in fund balances for

current funds (Schedule I), endowment funds (Schedule II) and plant funds (Schedule III) as of December 31, 1990 are presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. Such information has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements and, in our opinion, is fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole.

LjQOOtno t oCu Boston, Massachusetts April 19. 1991 O ^~ r~~-

Notes (o Financial Statements 1 1

Marine Biological Laboratory

Notes to Financial Statements

A. Pnrpi isc ( if the Labi >ruti iry

The purpose of Marine Biological Laboratory (the "Laboratory") is to establish and maintain a laboratory or station for scientific study and investigations, and a school for instruction in biology and natural history.

B. Significant accounting policies:

Basis ofpresentation -fund accounting

In order to ensure observance of limitations and restrictions placed on the use of resources available to the Laboratory, the accounts of the Laboratory' are maintained in accordance with the principles of fund accounting. This is the procedure by which resources are classified into separate funds in accordance with specified activities or objectives. Separate accounts are maintained for each fund; however, in the accompanying financial statements, funds that have similar characteristics have been combined into fund groups. Accordingly, all financial transactions have been recorded and reported by fund group.

Externally restricted funds may only be utilized in accordance with the purposes established by the donor or grantor of such funds. However, the Laboratory retains full control over the utilization of unrestricted funds. Restricted gifts, grants, and other restricted resources are accounted for in the appropriate restricted funds. Restricted current funds are reported as revenue as the related costs are incurred (see Note K).

Endowment funds are subject to restrictions requiring that the principal be invested in perpetuity with income available for use for restricted or unrestricted purposes by the Laboratory. Quasi-endowment funds have been established by the Laboratory for the same purposes as endowment funds: however, the principal of these funds may be expended for various restricted and unrestricted purposes.

Fixed assets

Fixed assets are recorded at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives of fixed assets.

Contracts and grants

Revenues associated with contracts and grants are recognized in the statement of support, revenues, expenses and changes in fund balances as the related costs are incurred (see Note K). The Laboratory reimbursement of indirect costs relating to government contracts and grants is based on negotiated indirect cost rates with adjustments for actual indirect costs in future years. Any over or underrecovery of indirect costs is recognized through future adjustments of indirect cost rates.

Investments purchased by the Laboratory are carried at market value. Money market securities are earned at cost which approximates market value. Investments donated to the Laboratory' are carried at fair market value at the date of the gift. For determination of gain or loss upon disposal of investments, cost is determined based on the average cost method.

The Laboratory is the beneficiary of certain endowment investments reported in the financial statements which are held in trust by others. Every ten years the Laboratory's status as beneficiary of these funds is reviewed to determine that the Laboratory's use of these funds is in accordance with the intent of the funds. The market values of these investments are $4, 125.093 and $4.039,803 at December 31. 1990, and 1989, respectively.

Investment income ami distribution

The Laboratory follows the accrual basis of accounting except that investment income is recorded on a cash basis. The difference between such basis and the accrual basis does not have a material effect on the determination of investment income earned on a year-to-year basis.

Investment income includes income from the investments of specific funds and from the pooled investment account. Income from the pooled investment account is distributed to the participating funds on the market value unit basis (Note L).

Annuities payable

Amounts due to donors in connection with gift annuities is determined based on remainder value calculations which generally assure a rate of return at 10%, maximum payout terms of eighteen years, and interest payout rate of 8%.

C. Land, buildings and equipment:

The following is a summary of the unrestricted plant fund assets:

1990 1989 Land $ 689,660 $ 689,660 Buildings 16,955,015 16,926,715 Equipment 2,819.202 2,672,838 Construction in progress 1.969.713 580.598 22.433,590 20,869,811 Less accumulated depreciation (9.459.548) (8.858.047) $12,974,042 $12,011,764 12 Annual Report

D. Retirement plan

The Laboratory participates in the defined contribution pension program of the Teachers Insurance and Annuity Association College Retirement Equities Fund. Contributions amounted to $451,665 in 1990 and $393,422 in 1989.

E. Restricted pledges and grants.

As of December 31. 1990. the Laboratory reported active pledge and grant commitments outstanding of $492,939 (unaudited) to be received. The restricted pledges are not included in the financial statements since it is not practicable to estimate the net realizable value of such pledges. Restricted pledges of $467,337, and $14,151 and $1 1,451 are scheduled to be paid in 1991, 1992, and 1993, respectively.

F. Intcrfiind borrowings:

Current fund interfund balances at December 31 are as follows:

1990 1 989 Due to restricted endowment fund $(4,750) $(2,190) Due to restricted quasi-endowment funds (1.650) (200)

$(6.4001 $(2,390)

G. Mortgage and notes payable:

Long-term debt at December 31, 1990 amounted to $1,265,000. The aggregate amount of redemption due for each of the next five fiscal years is as follows:

Amount

1991 $ 65.000 1992 60.000 1993 60.000 1994 60,000 1995 60,000 Thereafter 960.000

1,265,000 Less current portion 65.000 $1.200.000

In 1989. the Laboratory issued $1,330,000 Massachusetts Industrial Finance Authority (MIFA) Series 1989 Bonds, which pay varying annual interest rates and mature on October 31, 201 1. The Series 1989 bonds are collateralized by a first mortgage on certain Laboratory property.

The interest rate is adjustable and was 7.25% and 6.5% at December 31, 1990 and 1989. In compliance with the Laboratory's MIFA bond indenture, deposits with Shawmut Bank N.A., as trustee, represent investments in the debt service reserve fund of $143.006 in 1990 and $133.000 in 1989.

H. Investments:

The following is a summary of the cost and market value of investments at December 31. 1990 and 1989 and the related investment income and distribution of investment income for the years ended December 31. 1990 and 1989.

Cost Market Investment Income

1990

Endowment ami Quasi-Endowmenl U.S. Government securities Corporate fixed income Common stocks Money market securities Real estate

Total Less custodian and management fees Total

Restricted Current Fund Certificates of deposits Money market securities Total

Total investments Notes to Financial Statements 13

I. Gift support for instruction:

Current year unrestricted gifts includes $500,000 of gifts for the support of the Laboratory's instruction program available for indirect costs attributable to the instruction program.

J. Tax-exempt status:

The Laboratory is exempt from federal income tax under Section 501(c)3 of the Internal Revenue Code.

K. Restricted current funds deterred support:

The Laboratory defers recognition of revenue on current restricted funds until the related costs are incurred. Amounts received in excess of expenses are recorded as deferred support. The following summanzes the activity in the deferred support account for 1990 and 1989, respectively:

1990

Balance at beginning of year $4,450,222 $2.951,662 Additions: Gifts, endowment income and grants received 8,499,360 9,382,212 Unrealized gains 19,868 30,672 Realized gain 1,649 Deductions:

Funds expended under gifts and grants 7,977,187 7,542.909 Transfers 219.294 371.415

Balance at end of vear $4,774.618 $4,450.222

L. Accounting for pooled investments:

The major portion of investment assets is pooled for investment purposes with each participating fund subscribing to, or disposing of. units at market value at the beginning of the current quarter. The unit participation of the funds at December 31, 1990 and 1989, respectively, is as follows:

1990 1989

Endowment and similar funds: Quasi-unrestricted 3,909 3.887 Quasi-restricted 7,436 7.416 Restricted endowment 39.401 36.488

50,746 47.791

Pooled investment activity on a per-unit basis was as follows:

Unit value at beginning of year $109.57 $100.00 Unit value at end of year 108.90 109.57

Increase (decrease) in realized and unreal- ized appreciation (.67) 9.57 Net income earned on pooled investments 5.99 5.73 Total return on pooled investments $ 5.32 $ 15.30

Investment income is distributed to individual funds as earned. SCHEDULE I MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY

STATEMENT OF SUPPORT, REVENUES, EXPENSES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES CURRENT FUNDS

for the year ended December 31,1 990

Total Auxiliary Current Current Operating Enterprises I 'nres-tricted Restricted Fund Fund Fund Fund Total SUPPORT AND REVENUES: Grant reimbursement of direct costs $4,872,529 $4,872,529 Recovery of indirect costs related to research and instruction programs $3.136.240 $3.136.240 3,136,240 Tuition 484,749 4S4.749 Support activities: Dormitories 906,292 906.292 906,292 Dining hall 802,447 802,447 802.447 Library 273.475 273.475 273.475 Biological Bulletin 172,085 172,085 172.085 Research services 491,642 491,642 236.366 728,008 Marine resources 149,555 149,555 149,555 Investment income 466,931 466.931 674.423 1.141.354

4.689.928 1,708,739 6.398.667 6.268.067 12.666.734

Gifts 634,428 634,428 1,979,547 2.613,975 Change in deferred support (324.396) (324,396)

634.428 634,428 1.655.151 Miscellaneous revenue 114.516 114.516 224.740 339.256

Total support and revenues 5.438,872 1,708,739 7.147,611 8.147,958 15,295,569 EXPENSES: Instruction 1,370,282 1,370.282 Research 5,228,030 5,228.030 Scholarships, fellowships, and stipends 356,253 356,253 Support activities: Dormitories 638,531 638,531 638,531 Dining hall 690,644 690,644 690,644 Library 579,898 579,898 172,398 752,296 Biological Bulletin 141.118 141.118 141,118

Research services 658.115 658.1 15 347.996 1.006.1 1 1 Marine resources 443.676 443,676 6.791 450.467 Administration 1.867.738 111,803 1.979.541 35,014 2,014,555 Sponsored projects administration 278,221 278,221 278.221

Plant operations 1 .644.460 1.644.460 1,009 1.645,469 Other 432.408 432.408

Total expenses 5.613.226 1.440.978 7.054.204 7.950.181 15.004.385

Excess (deficit) of support and revenues (174.3541 267.761 over expenses 93,407 197.777 291.184 Unrealized gain on investments 19,868 19,868 1.649 1.649 Realized gain on investments Total gain on investments 21,517 21,517 TRANSFERS AMONG FUNDS: Debt service (65,000) (65,000) (65,000) Acquisition of fixed assets (144,881) (144,881) To unrestricted plant fund (21,653) (21,653) (21,653) Housing transfer 2.898 (199.863) (196,965) (196,965)

To support operations 1 90,000 190.000 135.209 325.209 Instruction (5,045) (5.045) 5,045 Capitalize ecosystems income (215,764) (215.764) Other 6.642 (2.898) 3.744 1.097 4.841

Total transfers among funds 172.842 (267,761) (94.919) (219.294) (314.213)

Net change in fund balance (1.512) 11.512) (1.512)

Fund balances, beginning of year 21.030 21.030 21.030

Fund balances, end of year 19,518 $ 19.518 $ 19,518 SCHEDULE II MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY

STATEMENT OF SUPPORT, REVENUES, EXPENSES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES ENDOWMENT FUNDS

for the year ended December 31,1 990

Restricted

Unrestricted Endowment. Endowment. Income for Income for Qiiasi- Unrestricted Restricted Quasi- Total Endowmenl Purposes Purposes Endowment Restricted

SUPPORT AND REVENUES: Gifts $ 312.522 $ 2,450 $ 114,972 $ 314.972

Total support and revenues 312.522 2.450 314.972 314,972

Excess of support and revenues over expenses 312.522 2.450 314,972 314,972

Realized gains on investments 9,488 $ 165,441 121,543 194.377 481,361 490,849 Unrealized gain (lossl on investments (11.451) (110.737) (113,465) (204.872) (429.074) (440,525)

Total gain (loss) on investments (1.963) 54.704 8.078 (10,495) 52,287 50.324 TRANSFERS AMONG FUNDS: Capitalize ecosystems income 215.764 215.764 215.764 Endowment transfers (190,000) (135,209) (135.209) (325.209) Other transfers 2.260 1.921 (2.158) 12.277 12.040 14.300 Total transfers funds among (187,740) 1.921 (2.158) 92.832 92.595 (95.145)

Net change in fund balances (189.703) 56.625 318.442 84,787 459,854 270.151 Fund balances, beginning of year 426.982 3.234.878 4.804.006 4.480.887 12.519.771 12.946.753

Fund balances, end of vear $237.279 $3.291.503 $5.122.448 $4,565.674 $12,979,625 $13,216,904

15 SCHEDULE III MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY

STATEMENT OF SUPPORT, REVENUES, EXPENSES AND CHANGES IN FUND BALANCES PLANT FUNDS

for the year ended December 31, 1990

Unrestricted

Repairs and Replacement Total Reserve Unrestricted Restricted Total

SUPPORT AND REVENUES: Grant for capital additions SI. 429.322 $ 1.429,322

Total support and revenues 1,429.322 1,429,322 EXPENSES: Depreciation 601,501 601.501 601,501 Plant operations $111,922 111.922 111.922 Other 8.500 8.500 8.500

Total expenses 610.001 111.922 721.923 721,923

Excess (deficit) of support and revenues over expenses (610.001) (II 1,922) (721,923) 1,429,322 707,399 TRANSFERS AMONG FUNDS: Debt service 65.000 65,000 65.000 Acquisition of fixed assets 180,662 180,662 180,662 Transfers to unrestricted plant fund (14.128) (14.128) (14.128) Housing transfers 199,863 199.863 199.863 Other transfers 227,892 227.892 (249.931) (22.039)

Total transfers among funds 245.662 413.627 659.289 (249,931) 409,358

Net change in fund balances (364.339) 301,705 (62,634) 1.179,391 1.1 16.757

Fund balances, beginning ol year 10.272.954 148,820 10.421.774 790.322 11.212.096

Fund balances, end of year $ 9,908,615 $450.525 $10,359,140 $1.969,713 $12,328.853

16 LI L LIE

Report of the Librarian

and the installation Library directors was a frenzy of equipment ordering of cable and wires to extend the network out of the

In 1990. Jane Fessenden, who had been the librarian library and into classrooms and labs in the Lillie and and worked at the MBL for 29 years, retired. Jane Loeb buildings and the Ecosystems Center. Because of made the Library a productive home for its users, the ease of communicating over the network, some of improved the collection whenever financially possible, the traditional methods of the reference librarians and lead the Library through innumerable changes. moved into a new era during 1990. One advance. During her tenure, the Library was converted from the Current Contents loaded onto the librarians' Dewey Decimal System to Library of Congress, the first computers, allowed us to send weekly up-dated "stack move" took place (after three years of planning), bibliographies to requesters over the MBLnet. the reading rooms were redone, the Rare Books Room The Library's catalog has been converted to was created, the Copy Service Center was developed in electronic records, and all the books in the library were its present location, staff was increased, and new barcoded as part of the automation of library systems. technology was initiated. She will be best remembered, The CLAMS network of libraries came on-line in 1990, however, for her unique ability to provide the services and scientists in their laboratories, who are on the and support most desired by our users. Woods Hole network, can connect to the catalog and In December. Dr. David Stonehill accepted the see whether the library holds the book they are seeking. position of Director of the MBL/WHOI Library and Scientific Information Research Center. Dr. Stonehill Journal rates increase managed computer facilities on various NASA projects and directed computing services at academic Our Library has studied the effect of rising book and institutions. From 1988 until his move to MBL, he was subscriptions costs beginning with the comprehensive Director of Information Resources Managements for Rockefeller Journal Use study. In 1990, the close to the Executive offices of the President of the United 30% projected journal price increase reduced our States. Under Dr. Stonehill, the Library plans to launch options and resulted in the cancellation of 338 current a Scientific Information Research Center, and we look subscriptions. Our User Panel worked throughout the forward to his leadership as we meld the traditional summer with lists of journals targeted for cancellation, with the new methods of scientific information using criteria established by the Joint Users Committee, management. to insure the best possible preservation of our collection and services.

New age information delivery This was not the only journal crisis of 1990 the space allocation for housing the journals had reached Using the report created by the Hughes Committee, saturation. For over a year, the creation of a design to the Library immediately began to implement some of preserve our stack space has been developed and refined its recommendations. A network manager was hired, and the periodical collection will be moved during the and the network design was completed. What followed beginning of 1991. The logical placement of the

17 18 Annual Report

for users who are not directly associated with the contributing Woods Hole institutions. We have also changed our interlibrary loan policies and have increased resource sharing with a number of institutions, i.e.. Brandeis, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Wesleyan, University of Rhode Island and the Pell Laboratory. Escalating costs and U. S. postage rates drove the increase in interlibrary loan charges, and at the International Association of Marine Science Libraries and Information Centers' conference in Seattle, Washington, we were challenged, without ill will, but with some concern from the international community, about our rate increases. A solution to this problem may involve sharing the responsibility for serials collection development at the national and international level during the 1990s.

Preservation

Two documents that have been of historic and

sentimental value to the scientists, staff, and visitors of the MBL were appraised and declared endangered. Study Nature Not Books the black charcoal,

handwritten sign of Louis Agassiz had adhered to its backing and tears, holes, stains, rust, scratches, and smudges were evident everywhere. The same was true collections according to the alphabet will be ot the two-page Last one to Go message to American maintained, albeit into two places. The A-Z soldiers by Katsuma Dan. Both of these documents arrangement will be in the front part of the stacks for were sent to the Northeast Document Conservation currently received journals and also in the back wing Center for treatment and have been returned to the for the pre-1976 journals. library for display. In an attempt to recover some of the escalating costs Cathy Norton incurred in the Library, we have tried to create a model Acting Librarian Educational Programs

Dickson Despommier, Columbia University Summer Courses of Medicine Paul Englund, Johns Hopkins School Don Harn, Harvard University Biology of Parasitism (June 10 to August 10) Stephanie James, NIH Keith Joiner, Yale University School of Medicine

Co-Directors Patricia J. Johnson, UCLA Iowa of St. Louis John Donelson, University of College Don Krogstad, Washington University, Medicine Ira Mellman, Yale University School of Medicine Carole Long, Hahnemann Medical College George Nelson, Liverpool School, UK Ruth Nussenzweig, New York University Faculty Victor Nussenzweig, New York University Steven Anderson, University of Iowa Richard Olds, Brown University John Boothroyd. Stanford University Bill Petri, University of Virginia Ted Bianco. Imperial College of Science & Robert Sauer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Technology, UK Alan Sher. NIH Patrick Farley, Hahnemann Medical College Irwin Sherman, University of California, Riverside of Steven Hajduk, University Alabama, Birmingham Larry Simpson, UCLA of Medicine, Peter Ham, Liverpool School Tropical Mitch Sogin, MBL UK Rick Tarleton. University of Georgia Michael E. Harris, University of Alabama, Merv Turner, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Birmingham Laboratory Mary Alice Hartman, University of Kentucky C. C. Wang, University of California, San Francisco Kwang S. Kim, University of Iowa Leon Weiss, University of Pennsylvania Peter Kima, Hahnemann Medical College Don Wiley, Harvard University Yien Ming Kuo, Imperial College, UK Dyann Wirth, Harvard University Rick Martin. University of Iowa David Moser, University of Iowa Students Asawanahasakda, Mahidol University, Elonne Petrin, University of Cincinnati Wanida Thailand David Russell, New York University R. Gadelha, of Illinois David Sachs, NIH Fernanda University Eileen S. University of California, Judy Sakanari, University of California, Gruszynski, San Francisco Los Angeles Michael J. Howard, Vanderbilt University Sam Turco. University of Kentucky Christopher A. Hunter, University of Glasgow, Lecturers Scotland J. Tulane University Nina Agabian, University of California, Gregory Jennings, Yale San Francisco Christopher L. Leptak, University Li, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Steven Beverley, Harvard Medical School Congjun Kent Campbell, Centers for Disease Control Biology

19 20 Annual Report

Leo X. Liu, Beth Israel Hospital/Harvard University Win J. Dictus, University of Utrecht, James J. McCoy, University of Virginia The Netherlands Gloria I. Palma, Univ. del Valle. Colombia Anne D. Donaldson, MRC Laboratory, UK Laura J. Rocco, Johns Hopkins University Bruce W. Draper, University of Washington Nicola N. Schweitzer, Imperial College of Science, Silvia B. Frenk, King's College, Cambridge, UK UK Kareen M. Guida, University of Paris, France Frank Seeber, Institiit fur Tropenhygeine, Germany Nan Ho, University of California, Berkeley Philippe G. Vandekerckhove, University of Leuven, Jon F. Kayyem, California Institute of Technology Belgium Dangeruta Kersulyte, Acadamy of Sciences of Gayl Wall, University of Dundee, Scotland Lithuania, USSR Daniel S. Kessler, Rockefeller University Mary Ellen Lane, Columbia University Cell and Gene Embryology: Differentiation Thierry Lepage, University of Nice, France Expression in Early Development Donal T. Manahan. University of Southern (June 21 to July 30) California, Los Angeles Jeffrey R. Miller, Duke University Anne Marie Murphy, Johns Hopkins University Directors Christof Niehrs, European Molecular Biology Lab., Eric Davidson, California Institute of Technology Germany J. Richard Whitaker, MBL (Assistant Director) Mary E. Pownall, University of Virginia Inge J. Van Wijk, Max-Planck Institute, Germany Tongweng Wang, University of Florida Faculty Michael Akam, University of Cambridge, UK of UK Amy Bejsovic, University Cambridge, Marine Ecology: Concepts, Techniques and Marianne Bronner-Fraser, University of California, Applications of Molecular Probes Irvine (June 17 to July 28) Scott Fraser, University of California, Irvine Katherine Harding, Columbia University Janet Heasman, University of Cambridge, UK Director Linda Huffer, MBL J. Woodland Hastings. Harvard University Wendy Katz, California Institute of Technology Robert Kingsbury, Carnegie Institution, Baltimore Faculty Thomas Lallier, University of California, Irvine Cheryl Booth, Falmouth, MA Robert Leclerc, University of Maryland Ann Bucklin, Marine Biological Laboratory Michael Levine, Columbia University Thomas T. Chen, Center of Marine Biotechnology, David McClay, Duke University University of Maryland Steven McKnight. Carnegie Institution of Clara Cheng, University of Maryland Washington Toby Cole, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford Robert Nickells, California Institute of Technology University Jerome Regier, University of Maryland Lynna Hereford, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford John Shuman, Carnegie Institution. Baltimore University Paul Sternberg, California Institute of Technology Chun-Mean Lin, University of Maryland Nicholas Torpey, University of Cambridge, UK Kenneth Nealson, Great Lakes Research Center, Kellie Whittaker, California Institute of Technology LIniversity of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Christopher Wylie, University of Cambridge, UK Dennis Powers, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University Students T. Roenneberg, University of Munich, Germany Kamran Ahmad, University of Utah Simona Sorger, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford Michael J. Bank, Columbia University University Peter B. Bokor, Rockefeller University Keno Truper, Bonn, Germany James B. Castelli-Gair, University of Madrid, Spain Barbara Wimpee, Great Lakes Research Center, Robert A. Cornell. University of Washington University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee Maria G. Di Bernardo, Italian National Research Charles Wimpee, University of Wisconsin, Council, Italv Milwaukee Educational Programs 21

Lecturers Microbiology: Molecular Aspects of Cellular David Caron Diversity (June 10 to July 26) Colleen Cavanaugh Penny Chisholm Ed De Long Co-Directors Paul Dunlap Martin Dworkin, University of Minnesota Brian Fry John Breznak, Michigan State University Linda Goff John Kessler Faculty Lynn Margulis Richard Behmlander, University of Minnesota James McCarthy Pamela Contag, University of Minnesota Dan Morse Christiane Dahl, University of Bonn, Germany Rob Olsen Deborah Eastman. University of Minnesota Hans Paerl Andrew M. Kropinski, Queen's University, Canada Jack Palmer Hans Truper, University of Bonn, Germany Ned Ruby Stefan Wagener, Michigan State University G. Savior Ann Sesholz Lecturers Bob Simon Paul Dunlap, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Mitch Sogin Holger Jannasch, Woods Hole Oceanographic Felix Strumwasser Institution John Waterbury J. Waterbury. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Students

Students Diane K. Arwood, University of Southern Mississippi Joanna S. Abdiel J. Alvarez, University of Puerto Rico Brooke, University of Western Ontario, Brian J. Binder, Massachusetts Institute of Canada Technology Joseph P. Calabrese, West Virginia University Neena of Alice F. Brown, Brown University Din, University British Columbia, Canada Amis Druka, Latvian State Ka Hou Chu, Chinese University of Hong Kong, University, USSR Hong Kong Olivia T. Harriott, University of Connecticut J. Robert Huber, of Peter Edmunds, Northeastern University University Regensburg, Germany Jennifer B. of Oivind Enger, University of Bergen, Norway Klenz, University Saskatchewan, Canada Jonathan B. Geller, University of Oregon Judith A. Gregory J. Hinkle, University of Massachusetts, Koskella, New York University Amherst Bridget E. Laue, University of Colorado Jared R. Robert E. Hodson, University of Georgia Leadbetter, Goucher College C. Eric R. Holm, Duke University Timothy Lilburn, University of British Columbia, Canada Jerilyn Jewett-Smith, Whitman College Shi Lisa M. Kann, University of Rhode Island Liu, University of Oklahoma V. James S. Maki, Harvard University Lynn Mendelman, Harvard Medical School Elizabeth J. Kirk D. Malloy, University of Delaware Orle, Colorado State University Mechthild Adam G. Marsh. University of New Hampshire Pohlschroder, University of Tracie-Lynn Nadeau, University of Wisconsin Massachusetts, Amherst Frank J. Martin Polz, University of Vienna, Austria Slack, Tufts University Barth F. Michael C. Schmale, University of Miami Smets, University of Illinois Claire S. Robin M. Schneider, University of Southern Ting, Cornell University Louisiana Mary A. Wyka, Merck & Co., Inc. Lynda P. Shapiro, Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences Neural Systems & Behavior (June 10 to August 1) Robert L. Sinsabaugh, Clarkson University Erika Stephens. Harvard University Stephen C. Tsoi, University of Hong Kong, Co-Directors Hong Kong Ronald Calabrese, Emory University Karl E. Wommack, University of Maryland Martha Constantine-Paton, Yale University 22 Annual Report

Faculty Tamara L. Harris, University of Ottawa, Canada Arthur Arnold, University of California, Los Angeles Valerie L. Kilman, University of Illinois Alexander Borst, Max-Planck-Institut filr Biologisch Barlett W. Mel, California Institute of Technology Kybernetick, Germany Brett D. Mensch, Baylor College of Medicine John Byrne, University of Texas Medical School Alison R. Mercer, University of Otago, New Zealand Thomas Carew, Yale University Edward P. Monaghan, University of California, Leonard deary. University of Texas Medical School Berkeley at Houston Tanja Quenzer, Max-Planck-Institut, Germany Robin Cloues, Harvard University Adina L. Roskies, University of California, Michael Davis, Yale University San Diego Robert M. Douglas, University of British Columbia, Hyunjune S. Seung, Harvard University Canada Deana L. Shackelford, University of Oklahoma Lise Eliot, Center for Neurobiology & Behavior Petra Skiebe, Universitat Hamburg, Germany Russell Fernald, University of Oregon John E. Spiro, University of California, San Diego Leslie Fischer, Columbia University Douglas Syme, University of California, Irvine William Frost, University of Texas Medical School Cole Gilbert, University of Arizona Neurobiology (June 10 to August 11) Dennis Gorlick, Columbia University Jon Hayashi, Arizona Research Laboratory Co-Directors Sally Hoskins, City College of CUNY Leonard Kaczmarek, Yale University John Koester, New York State Psychiatric Institute Irwin Levitan, Brandeis University Richard B. Levine, University of Arizona Christopher Miller, Brandeis University Yurin Levy, Brandeis University Margaret Livingstone, Harvard Medical School Faculty Anne Lohoff, Columbia University Cecilia Armstrong, University of Pennsylvania Eduardo R. Macagno, Columbia University Gary Banker, LIniversity of Virginia Emilie Marcus, Yale University Synnove Beckh, Max-Planck-Institiit fur Eve Marder, Brandeis University Biophysikalische Chemie, Germany Michael P. Nusbaum, University of Alabama, Andrew Czernik, Rockefeller University Birmingham Jan De Weer, Duke University Mu-Ming Poo, Columbia University Judith Drazba, NINDS/NIH David J. Sandstrom, University of California Keith Elmslie. Case Western Reserve University Patricia Steen, Yale University Stuart Firestein, Yale University School of Medicine Nacita Tabti, Columbia University Paul Forscher, Yale University Janis C. Weeks, University of Oregon Robert French, University of Calgary, Canada Angela Wenning, Universitat Konstanz, Germany Sara Garber, University of Alabama, Birmingham Michael Nitabach, Columbia University Allison Hall, Case Western Reserve University Richard Horn. Roche Institute for Molecular Biology Lecturers Richard Huganir, HHMI, Johns Hopkins Medical Catherine Carr, University of Rochester School Joe Martinez, Jr., University of California Stephen Jones, Case Western Reserve University Richard Kramer, Columbia University Students Kyu-Ho Lee, Johns Hopkins Medical School Robert A. Berkowitz, Washington LJniversity Andrew Matus, Friedrich Meischer Institute, James P. Burke, University of Alabama, Birmingham Switzerland Belinda S. Chang, Harvard University Robert Miller, Case Western Reserve University Miles G. Cunningham, Massachusetts Institute of Angus Nairn, Rockefeller University Technology Randall Reed, HHMI, Johns Hopkins Medical Graeme W. Davis, University of Massachusetts, School Amherst Thomas Reese, NINDS/NIH Mayra Garcia-Ruiz, University of Nat. Autonoma, Talvinder Sihra, Rockefeller University Mexico Carolyn Smith, NINDS/NIH John F. Hamilton, Meharry Medical College, Walter Stuhmer, Max-Planck-Institiit fur Nashville Biophysikolische Chemie, Germany Educational Programs 23

Students Holly V. Goodson, Stanford University Ricardo C. Araneda, Albert Einstein Medical School Supriya Jayadev, Duke University Sylwester Chyb, Wesleyan University John R. Jordan, University of Utah Dan H. Cox, Tufts University David L. Keefe, Yale University Stuart D. Critz, University of Texas Medical School Karen L. King, Florida State University Peter F. Drain, MIT Qingwen Li, University of Kansas Kathryn J. Edson, University of Minnesota Helen McNeill, University of Pennsylvania Julie A. Haack, University of Utah Michael E. Mendelsohn, Harvard/Brigham & Lise R. Heginbotham, Harvard University Women's Hospital Marc A. Post, University of Michigan Christa S. Merzdorf, Harvard University Haohua Qian, University of Illinois Robert Mirro, University of Tennessee Hanno M. Roder. Massachusetts Institute of Karen M. Page, Dartmouth College Technology Alice P. Pentland, Washington University, St. Louis Maria A. Sosa, University of Florida Zhican Qu, Johns Hopkins University Joe W. Ramos, University of Virginia Physiology: Cell and Molecular Biology Jean F. Regal, University of Minnesota Eric A. of Massachusetts, (June 10 to July 21) Shelden, University Amherst Director Charles B. Shuster, Tufts University Thomas W. Smith, & Thomas D. Pollard. Johns Hopkins University Brigham Women's/Harvard Medical School Faculty Robin L. Stears, SUNY, Stony Brook Steven Almo, Johns Hopkins Medical School Salme Taagepera, University of Virginia Kerry Bloom, University of North Carolina Charlotte M. Vines, Harvard Medical School William Busa, Johns Hopkins University Yingjian Wang, University of Miami Antony Galione, Johns Hopkins University Christiane Wiese, Johns Hopkins Medical School Neal R. Gliksman, University of North Carolina Elizabeth L. Winter, City College of New York Robert Jensen. Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Vicki L. Wolff, Brandeis University Margaret Kenna, University of North Carolina Qi Yang, University of Connecticut John Maslanski. Johns Hopkins University Guangwen Zhou, Oregon State University Jonathan McMenamin-Balano, University of Massachusetts, Boston Short Courses Robert Palazzo, Marine Biological Laboratory Katherine Johns Medical School Pollard, Hopkins Analytical and Quantitative Light Microscopy Ted Salmon, University of North Carolina in Biology, Medicine, and Materials Science Sue Schmidt, Glyndon, MD (May 10 to 18) John Simon, University of North Carolina John Sinard, Johns Hopkins Medical School Tammy Smith, University of North Carolina Co-Directors Cynthia V. Stauffacher, Purdue University Edward D. Salmon, University of North Carolina Murray Stewart, Medical Research Council, UK Greenfield Sluder, Worcester Foundation for Elaine Yeh, University of North Carolina Experimental Biology David E. Wolf, Worcester Foundation for Students Experimental Biology Robert L. Bacallao, University of California, Los Angeles Faculty and Course Assistants Sandra A. Brockman, Carnegie Mellon University Brad Amos, MRC, Cambridge, UK Thomas O. Carpenter, Yale University Orit Baha, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Isabelle A. Carre, SUNY, Stony Brook Biology Joseph A. Cerro, Columbia University Steven M. Block, Rowland Institute for Science Marc D. Coltrera, University of Washington Richard Cardullo, Worcester Foundation for Tod A. Critchlow, Scripps Institute of Oceanography Experimental Biology Spencer J. Danto, Cornell Medical College Walter Carrington, University of Massachusetts Michele I. Flatters, Tufts University Medical School 24 Annual Report

Gordon Ellis, University of Pennsylvania Julia M. Lash, Indiana University School of Fred Fay, University of Massachusetts Medical Medicine School Michael I. Lethem, University of North Carolina JeffGelles, Brandeis University Steve Paddock, University of Wisconsin Richard Haugland, Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR Shoshana Paglin, Boston University School of Linda Huffer. MBL Medicine Shinya Inoue. MBL James R. Sellers. NHLBI/NIH Anthony Moss, Worcester Foundation for Anna Spudich, Stanford University Experimental Biology Fei Wang, Syracuse University Rudolf Oldenbourg, MBL Stephen Parsons, University of North Carolina Control Chemical Robert V. Skibbens, University of North Carolina Measurement and of Kenneth R. Spring, NIH Stimuli (April 25 to 30) D. Lansing Taylor, Carnegie-Mellon University Richard of North Carolina Walker, University Director Greg A. Gerhardt, University of Colorado Students Julia Barsony, NIDDK/NIH Faculty and Course Assistants Harold G. Bohlen, Indiana University Medical Barry W. Ache, C.V. Whitney Laboratory, University School of Florida Daniel J. Brat, Mayo Graduate School Jelle Atema, Boston University Marine Program, Barry J. Burbach, SUNY, Stony Brook MBL John P. Caufield, Harvard Medical School Scott Brock, University of Colorado Wendy Cheng, International Paper Company, Marilyne Friedemann, University of Colorado Tuxedo, NY John S. Kauer, Tufts New England Medical Center Matthew H. Chestnut, The Procter and Gamble Co., Stuart Firestein, Yale University School of Medicine Cincinnati, OH Paul Moore. Boston University Marine Program, Diana M. Cordova, Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Ft. MBL Worth. TX Mike Palmer, University of Colorado Sascha Dho, The Hospital for Sick Children, Michael Parrish, University of Colorado Toronto, Canada Wayne L. Silver, Wake Forest University Ulrich Dirnagl, Forschungslabor, Germany Cynthia J. Forehand, LIniversity of Vermont Students John J. Freeman. Monsanto Co., St. Louis, MO Carol E. Diebel, SUNY Health Science Center Jill Gemmill, University of Alabama, Birmingham Richard L. Doty, Hospital of the University of John A. Hammer. Ill, NHLBI/NIH Pennsylvania Ray S. Hartman, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles Heather L. Eisthen, Indiana University Donald T. Haynie, The Johns Hopkins University Tim Granata, Southeastern Massachusetts University Walter J. Koroshetz, Massachusetts General Hospital Kristina-Viveka Hillegaart, Astra Research Centre, Sweden Herman K. Lehman, University of Arizona Celia Marrase. Boston University Marine Program, MBL Pricilla E. Purnick, Columbia University John R. Welborn, University of Southern California

Methods in Computational Neuroscience (August 5 to September 1)

Co-Directors Institute of Dan Green (left) demonstrates a ratio imaging package from Universal James M. Bower, California Technology Imaging during an AQLM course session. Christof Koch. California Institute of Technology Educational Programs 25

Lecturers and Instructors Dietmar Rapf, MPI fur biologische Kybernetik, Paul Adams, SUNY, Stony Brook Germany Edward Adelson, Massachusetts Institute of Walter Schneider, University of Pittsburgh Technology Nelson Spruston, Baylor College of Medicine Daniel Alkon, N1H Christoph Staub, Brain Research Institute, Richard Anderson, Massachusetts Institute of Switzerland Technology Fan-Gang Zeng, Syracuse University David Beeman, University of Colorado, Boulder Avis H. Cohen, Cornell University Molecular Evolution (August 19 to 31) Norberto Grzywacz, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Director Nancy Kopell, Boston University L. Rudolfo Llinas, NYU Medical Center Mitchell Sogin, MBL Kevan Martin, MRC, Oxford, UK Michael Mascagni, Washington, DC Faculty Michael of California, Riverside Kenneth Miller, University of California, Clegg, University San Francisco Daniel B. Davison, University of Houston Dalhousie Canada Mark Nelson, California Institute of Technology W. Ford Doolittle, University, John Rinzel, NIH Robert Dorit, Harvard University John National Institute of Environmental David Rumelhart, Stanford University W. Drake, Health Sciences Sylvia Ryckebusch, California Institute of of Technology Joseph Felsenstein, University Washington Walter M. Fitch, of California, Irvine Terrence Sejnowski, Salk Institute University G. Hall, of Rochester Allen I. Selverston, University of California, Barry University Andrew Botanical Museum of Harvard San Diego Knoll, John Uhley, California Institute of Technology University David Van Essen, California Institute of Technology David R. Maddison, Harvard University Peter The Johns Medical School Lucia Vaina, Boston University Maloney, Hopkins Matthew Wilson, California Institute of Technology Roger Milkman, The University of Iowa Gary Olsen, University of Illinois Norman R. Pace, Indiana University Students David Joseph Patterson, University of Bristol, UK Aric Agmon, University of California, Irvine Margaret Riley, University of Massachusetts, Hagai Agmon, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Amherst Israel David A. Shub, SUNY, Albany Dale Anders, University of California, San Diego Steve Smith, Harvard University Evyatar Av-Ron, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Temple F. Smith, Dana Farber Cancer Institute Israel Mark Wheelis, University of California, Davis Ellen Barton, University of Pennsylvania Allan C. Wilson, University of California, Berkeley Eyal Bartfeld, Rockefeller University Elizabeth A. Zimmer, Smithsonian Institution David Berkowicz, Yale University School of Medicine Students Neil J. Berman, Oxford University, UK Alexandra L. Basolo, University of Texas, Austin Peter J. Braam, University of Utah Heidi G. Blair, SUNY, Albany Dennis Bray, Colorado State University Judith Anne Blake, Smithsonian Institution Trevor Darrell, Massachusetts Institute of Laura Blinderman, San Diego State University Technology David J. Bogler, University of Texas, Austin Gyongyi Gaal, University of Pennsylvania Diane M. Bridge, Yale University Kurt Haas, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Henner Brinkmann, Technische Universitat, Dirk Kautz, University of Oregon Germany Markus Lappe, NIH James R. Brown, Simon Eraser University, Canada Sean Marrett, Montreal Neurological Institute, Bruce E. Byers, University of Massachusetts, Canada Amherst Douglas Morton, Case Western Reserve University Robert E. Calhoon, Queens College 26 Annual Report

Bruce J. Cochrane, University of South Florida Youngbae Suh, Louisiana State University Rafael O. De Sa, University of Texas, Austin Thomas R. Sutler, CUT, Research Triangle Park, NC Marcela Descalzi, University of Houston Cheryl L. Tarr, University of North Dakota Philippe Djian, Harvard Medical School Richard N. Williams, Boise State University James W. Edwards, Salem College Charles G. Wray, Yale University Bruce A. Eichhorst, University of North Dakota William Fischer, Los Alamos National Laboratory Optical Microscopy & Imaging in the Dean A. Glawe, University of Illinois Biomedical Sciences (October 6 to 12) Robert M. Gould, New York State Institute for Basic Research Sharon P. Gowan, Harvard University Herbaria Co-Directors Lawrence I. Grossman, Wayne State University Nina Stromgren Allen, Wake Forest University Radhey S. Gupta, McMaster University, Canada Colin S. Izzard, SUNY, Albany Raymond W. Holton, University of Tennessee Bradford E. James, Dartmouth College Faculty and Course Associates Matthew D. Kane, University of Illinois Steven M. Block, Rowland Institute for Science Jessica C. Kissinger, Indiana University Joseph De Pasquale, SUNY, Albany Paul J. Kores, Tulane University Alec Harootunian, HHMI, University of California, Maja Kricker, National Institute of Environmental San Diego Health Sciences Fredric S. Fay, University of Massachusetts Medical Uri Ladror, Chicago Medical School Center Laura Landweber, Harvard University Kenneth A. Jacobson, University of North Carolina Bang-Ning Lee, University of Texas, Houston John M. Murray, University of Pennsylvania Heikki Lehvaslaiho, University of Helsinki, Finland Kenneth Orndorff, Dartmouth College Wayne S. Leibel, Lafayette College Julia S. Sizemore, Wake Forest University Enrique P. Lessa, University of California, Berkeley Stephen J. Smith, Stanford University School of Louise Ann Lewis, Ohio State University Medicine Paul O. Lewis, Ohio State University Kenneth R. Spring, NHLBI/NIH John M. Logsdon, Jr., Indiana University Anna Spudich. Stanford University School of Kenneth L. McNally, University of California Medicine Linda K. Medlin, University of Bristol, UK Roger Tsien, HHMI, University of California, Thomas Mills, University of Houston San Diego Judith Mongold, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Lecturers Barbara Moore, Massachusetts Institute of Jan Hinsch, Leica, Inc., Rockleigh, NJ Technology Shinya Inoue, MBL Rana Muzaffar. Florida State University Ernst Keller, Carl Zeiss, Inc., Thornwood, NY Lena M. Nielsen, University of Lund, Sweden Rudolf Oldenbourg, MBL Elizabeth A. Oakenfull, MRC Haematology Unit, Oxford, UK Students Yves P. Quentin, Los Alamos National Laboratory Lawrence W. Argenbright, Boehringer Ingelheim James Ramsay, University of Utah Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT Judith M. Rhymer, Smithsonian Institution Elikplimi K. Asem, Purdue University Kenneth A. Rice, Harvard University Thomas G. Burke, City of Hope National Medical Bernardo Rudy, NYU Medical Center Center Frank G. Salinas, University of Houston Dean Cole, Los Alamos National Laboratory Leo C. Schalkwyk, Dalhousie University, Canada R. Ford Denison, USDA Michael Schloemann, Yale University Camille DiLullo, University of Pennsylvania Jeffrey D. Silberman, University of Miami Harold F. Dvorak, Beth Israel Hospital Rama S. Singh, McMaster University, Canada David H. Eidelman, McGill University, Canada Elizabeth M. Snella, Indiana University T. R. Gowrishankar, University of Chicago Elizabeth T. Snow, NYU Medical Center John W. Hanrahan, McGill University, Canada Peter L. Starkweather, University of Nevada Christopher M. Kenyon, Centre Hospitalier Jeffrey L. Stein, University of California, San Diego Thoracique de Montreal, Canada Educational Programs 27

Jeff Lansman, University of California, Benjamin F. Roy, Georgetown University School of San Francisco Medicine Stephen Lin, Harvard Medical School Clifford B. Saper, University of Chicago William W. Mantulin, University of Illinois, Randolph B. Schiffer, Strong Memorial Hospital Urbana Champaign Eli E. Sercarz, University of California, Los Angeles Jose A. Mari Mutt, University of Puerto Rico Moon L. Shin, University of Maryland, Baltimore Jane E. Minturn, Yale University School of Medicine Michael E. Shy, Thomas Jefferson University Spering A. Scott, Purdue University Hospital Jacqueline Sterner. University of Rochester Lawrence Steinman, Stanford Medical Center Scott J. Sternberg, Colorado State University Stephen G. Waxman, Yale University Medical Xiao-Ying Tien, Case Western Reserve University School Susan M. Wall, NIH Howard L. Weiner, Brigham and Women's Hospital David C. Zawieja, Texas A&M University Jerry Wolinsky, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Pathogenesis ofNeuroimmunologic Diseases (August 19 to 31) Students Anat Achiron. Beilinson Medical Center, Israel Co-Directors Peter-Brian Andersson. Sir William Dunn School of J. Murdoch Ritchie, Yale University School of UK Medicine Pathology, Jody L. Baron, Yale University School of Medicine Byron H. Waksman, Foundation for Microbiology Bruce F. Bebo, Jr., Texas A&M University Faculty John R. Bethea, University of Alabama, Birmingham Vahi E. Amassian, SUNY Health Science Center Helen Clare Bodmer, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Barry G. W. Arnason, University of Chicago France Joel A. Black, Yale University Arlene R. Collins, SUNY, Buffalo Pietro DeCamilli, Yale University Medical School Steven W. Dow, Colorado State University Judah A. Denburg, McMaster Medical Center, Lorise C. Gahring, Research Institute of Scripps Canada Clinic Marc A. Dichter, University of Pennsylvania Maureen N. Gannon, Rockefeller University Charles A. Dinarello, Tufts University Medical Claude Paul Genain, University of Kentucky School Koenraad Gijbels, University of Leuven, Belgium Diane Griffin, The Johns Hopkins University Jonathan D. Glass, Johns Hopkins Hospital Stephen L. Hauser, Massachusetts General Hospital John J. Hemperly, Becton Dickinson Research Henry Khachaturian, NIMH/NIH Center Norman Latov, College of Physicians and Surgeons Nancy A. Johnson, Washington University Medical of Columbia University School Carl M. Leventhal, NINDS/NIH Abraham Kessler, Weizmann Institute of Science, W. Ian Lipkin, University of California. Irvine Israel Cathy G. McAllister, University of Pittsburgh Judith Luber-Narod, University of Massachusetts Dale E. McFarlin, NINDS/NIH Medical School John Newsom-Davis, Oxford University, UK Mary Ann McKee, Columbia Presbyterian Hospital Robert B. Nussenblatt, NEI/NIH Rune Midgard, Molde County Hospital, Norway Nathanial G. Pitts, National Science Foundation Nicholas T. Potter, University of Connecticut School Jerome B. Posner, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer of Medicine Center Reijo Salonen, University of Turku, Finland Donald L. Price, Johns Hopkins Hospital Jun-ichi Satoh, University of British Columbia, Richard W. Price, University of Minnesota Health Canada Center Tiziana Savio, Institute Superiore di Sanita. Italy James W. Prichard, Yale University Medical School Daryth D. Stallone, University of Pennsylvania Cedric S. Raine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine School of Medicine Anthony T. Reder, University of Chicago Sharon A. Stranford. Hahnemann University David M. Regan, York University, Canada Ursula I. Wesselmann, Northwestern University Stephen C. Reingold, National Multiple Sclerosis Jurgen Zielasek, Diabetes Research Institute, Society Germany Summer Research Programs

Donald of Medicine Principal Investigators Chang, C., Baylor College Chappell, Richard L., Hunter College, CUNY Charlton. of Toronto, Canada Alkon, Daniel, NIH, LMCN Milton, University Charmantier, Universite des Sciences et Armstrong, Clay M., University of Pennsylvania Guy, Techniq. du France Armstrong, Peter, University of California Languedoc, Charmantier-Daures, Mireille, Universite des Sciences Augustine, George J., University of Southern California et Techniq. du Languedoc, France Clay, John, NIH, NINDS Baker, Robert, New York Medical Center University Cohen, Lawrence B., Yale University School of Barlow, Robert, Syracuse University Medicine Daniel, of Medical Center Barry, University Michigan Cohen, William D., Hunter College, CUNY Susan R., of Barry, University Michigan Collin, Shaun P., University of California, San Diego Bass, Andrew H., Cornell University Cooperstein, Sherwin J., University of Connecticut Bates, William R., Carleton University, Canada Health Center Bearer, Elaine of California L., University Cuppoletti, John, University of Cincinnati Beauge, Luis. Institute M. y M. Ferreyra, Argentina Begenisich, Ted, University of Rochester Medical Center D'Alessio, Giuseppe, University of Naples, Italy Bennett, Michael V. L., Albert Einstein College of D'Avanzo, Charlotte, Hampshire College Medicine De Weer, Paul, Washington University School of Bezanilla, Francisco, University of California, Medicine Los Angeles Deitmer, Joachim W., University of Kaiserslautern, Bloom, George S., University of Texas Southwestern Germany Medical Center Dunlap, Kathleen, Tufts Medical School Bodznick, David, Wesleyan University Borgese, Thomas A., Lehman College, CUNY Eckberg, William R., Howard University Boron, Walter F., Yale University School of Medicine Ehrlich, Barbara E., University of Connecticut Health Borst, David W., Illinois State University Center Boyer, Barbara C, Union College Brady, Scott, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Feinman, Richard, SUNY Health Science Center Brehm, Paul, SUNY, Stony Brook Ferguson, Donald, University of Cincinnati Brown, Joel E., Washington University School of Fieber, Lynne A., University of Miami Medicine Fink. Rachel, Mount Holyoke College Bryant, Shirley, University of Cincinnati Fishman, Harvey M., University of Texas Medical Bug, William J., Columbia University Branch Burdick, Carolyn J., Brooklyn College Burger, Max M., Friedrich Miescher-Institute, David C., Rockefeller Switzerland Gadsby, University Gainer, Harold, NIH, NINDS Garrick, Rita Anne, New Jersey Medical School and Callaway, Joseph C., University of North Carolina Fordham University Cariello, Lucio, Stazione Zoologica, Italy Giuditta. Antonio, University of Naples, Italy

28 Principal Investigators 29

York Medical Glynn, Paul, Hunter College Llinas, Rodolfo R., New University Goldman, Robert D., Northwestern University Medical Center School Loewenstein, Werner R.. University of Miami School Gonzalez-Serratos, Hugo, University of Maryland of Medicine School of Medicine Lohmann, Kenneth J., University of Washington Griff, Edwin, University of Cincinnati

Malchow. Robert Paul, University of Illinois College of Haimo, Leah T., University of California Medicine John Yale Hardin, A., University Malinowska, D. H., University of Cincinnati Judith, of Cincinnati Heiny, University Martinez, Joe L., Jr., University of California Arturo, Roche Institute of Molecular Hernandez-Cruz, Matteson, Donald R., University of Maryland Biology Meinertzhagen, Ian A., Dalhousie University, Canada M., University Highstein, Stephen Washington Metuzals, Janis, University of Ottawa, Canada Holman, A., The Molly Whitney Laboratory, Mitchison, Timothy, University of California, University of Florida San Francisco Hoskin, Francis C.G.. Illinois Institute of Technology Moreno, Alonso P., Albert Einstein College of Hoy, Ronald R., Cornell University Medicine Hummon. William, Ohio University

Nasi, Enrico, Boston University School of Medicine Ilan. Joseph, Case Western Reserve University Nelson, Leonard, Medical College of Ohio Ilan, Judith, Case Western Reserve University Noe, Bryan D., Emory University School of Medicine Wallace, University of Cincinnati Ip. Northcutt, R. Glenn, University of California, San Diego

Johnston, Daniel, Baylor College of Medicine Josephson, Robert K., University of California Obaid, Ana Lia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine

Kaminer, Benjamin, Boston University School of Medicine Pant, Harish, NIH, NINDS Kaneshiro, Edna S., University of Cincinnati Pappas. George D., University of Illinois, Chicago Kaplan, Ehud, Rockefeller University Parysek. Linda, University of Cincinnati Kaplan, Ilene M., Union College Peckol, Paulette, Smith College Karp, Richard, University of Cincinnati Pierce, Sidney K., University of Maryland, College Park Kremer, James N., University of Southern California Pierson, Beverly K., University of Puget Sound Kriebel, Mahlon, SUNY Health Science Center, Syracuse RarTerty. Nancy S., Northwestern University Rakowski, Robert F., UHS/The Chicago Medical Langford, George, University of North Carolina, School Chapel Hill Render, JoAnn, Hamilton College Laufer, Hans, University of Connecticut Ripps, Harris, University of Illinois College of Medicine of Medicine Lee, Youngsook, Harvard University Rose, Birgit, University of Miami School Lehman, Michael, University of Cincinnati Ross. William N., New York Medical College Levin, Jack, University of California School of Ruderman, Joan V., Harvard Medical School Medicine, San Francisco Russell, John M.. University of Texas Medical Branch, Levine, Robert Paul, Washington University School of Galveston Medicine Ryan, Una S., Washington University Lian, Jane, University of Massachusetts Medical School Linck, Richard W., University of Minnesota Brian M., of Pennsylvania School Lipicky, Raymond John, U. S. Food and Drug Salzberg, University Administration of Medicine Rockefeller Foundation Lisman, John, Brandeis University Segal, Sheldon, 30 Annual Report

Sheetz, Michael P., Washington University Medical School

Silver, Robert B., Cornell University Sloboda, Roger D., Dartmouth College Speksnijder, Johanna E., Utrecht University, The Netherlands Sperelakis, Nicholas, University of Cincinnati Spiegel, Evelyn, Dartmouth College Spiegel, Melvin, Dartmouth College Spray, David C, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Stein, Gary, University of Massachusetts Medical School Steinacker, Antoinette, Washington University Stracher, Alfred, SUNY Health Science Center, Brooklyn Summer investigators (left to right) David Borst, Guy Charmantier, Stuart, Ann E., University of North Carolina Mireille Charmantier-Daures, Hans Laufer, and Brian Tsukimura Swandulla, Dieter, Max-Planck-Institut, Germany

Swenson, {Catherine I., Harvard Medical School

Other Research Personnel Tanguy, Joelle, Northwestern University Telzer, Bruce R., Pomona College Terada, Hirotoshi, Hamamatsu Photonics, K. K., Japan Akeson, R. A., University of Cincinnati Treistman, Steven N., Worcester Foundation for Altamirano, Anibal A.. University of Texas Medical Experimental Biology Branch Trinkaus, John Philip, Yale University Andrews. S. Brian, NIH. NINDS Troll, Walter, New York University Medical Center Arnold, John, University of Hawaii Tucker, Edward B., Baruch College Tykocinski. Mark L., Case Western Reserve University Wattana. of Pennsylvania Tytell, Michael, Bowman Gray School of Medicine of Bamrungphol, University Wake Forest University Bargeron. Mary, Syracuse University Batten, Bruce E., Dublin, OH Bechtold-Imhof, Ruth, Boston University Medical Center Vaisberg, Eugeni A., Protein Research Institute, USSR Belmont, Lisa, University of California, San Francisco Vallee, Richard, Worcester Foundation for Bernal-Martinez, Juan, University of Connecticut Experimental Biology Health Center Van Egeraat, Jan M., Vanderbilt University Bersoff, Rochelle. Washington University School of Vogel, Steven S., NIH, NIDDK Medicine

Bezprozvanny, Ilya, University of Connecticut Health Center Weiss, Dieter Institute, G., Zoology Germany Blanchard, Charles, Cambridge, MA Welsford, Jan G.. of School of University Pennsylvania Bloom, Jonathan, Northwestern University Medicine Bloom, Theodora, Harvard Medical School Wolszon, Laura R., Columbia University Blubaugh, Diane, University of Puget Sound Worden, Mary Kate, Harvard Medical School Bollner, Tomas, Dalhousie University, Canada Braithwaite, Scott, SUNY, Stony Brook Breitweiser, Gerda E., Johns Hopkins University School Yeh, Jay Z., Northwestern University of Medicine Brezina, Vladimir, University of Connecticut Health Zigman, Seymour, University of Rochester School of Center Medicine and Dentistry Brient, Heather L., Ohio University Zottoli, Steven J., Williams College Brodwick, M., University of Texas Medical Branch Zukin, R. Suzanne, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Brooks, Brian P., University of Pennsylvania Other Research Personnel 31

Centra de Buelow, Neal, Syracuse University Gomez-Laganas, Froylan M., Investigacion Buerkett, Christopher G.. Illinois State University del IPN, Mexico Burkart. Werner, Paul Scherrer Institut, Switzerland Goodwill, Ken Gould, Robert, New York State Institute for Basic Research Campos de Carvalho, Antonio, Federal University of NINDS Rio De Janeiro, Brazil Grant, Philip, NIH, Grassi. Daniel. Ft. Lauderdale. FL Capano. Carla Perrone. Stazione Zoologica, Italy Caputo, Carlo, IVIC-Inst. Venezolano de Inv. Ciento, NIH Venezuela Hammar. Kasia, Hamosh, Leora Y., Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Carey, John P., University of Washington Chiba School of Medicine, Caviedes. Pablo, NIH, NIDDK Haneji, Tatsuji, University Chow, Robert H., University of Pennsylvania Japan Hernandez, Michael R., University of Texas Medical Cohen, Avrum, Yale University School of Medicine Branch Collin, Carlos, NIH, LMCN Eric, University Correa, Ana Maria, University of California, Herzog, Syracuse David, Loma Linda University Los Angeles Hessinger. Emilia, Yale University School of Medicine Cota, Gabriel, Centre de Investigacion del IPN, Mexico Hogan, Homola, Ellen. of Connecticut Couch, Ernest, Texas Christian University University Huang, Jack, NIH, NIDDK Huddie, Patrick L., NIH, NINDS Davis. Marion, Yale University School of Medicine Huerta. Patricio, Brandeis University Demers. David, University of California, Riverside Dermietzel. Rolf. University of Regensburg, Germany Jaffe, David, Baylor College of Medicine Derrick, Brian, University of California, Berkeley Johnston, Jennifer, Dartmouth College Dessev, George N., Northwestern University Medical Jordan, John R., University of Utah School DiPolo, Reinaldo, IVIC, Venezuela Kadam, P. A., The Population Council Diebel, Carol, SUNY Health Science Center at Kahana, Alon, Brandeis University Brooklyn Kenner. Glenda S., Ohio University Dohrmann, Cord, Harvard Medical School Key, Brian, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Drazba, Judith, NIH, NINDS Cincinnati Khanna, Anu, Lehman College Ohio Evans, Wayne A., University Kim, Nam Hew, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Kingston, Samuel, New York Faeta, Hillary H.. Ohio University KJein, Kathryn, Emory University School of Medicine Falk, Chun Xiao, Yale University Medical School Knudsen, Knud D.. U. S. Food and Drug Floyd, Carl C., NIH, NINDS Administration Flucher, Bernhard E., NIH, NINDS Koide, Samuel S., Population Council Forman, Robin, Medical College of Virginia Komura, Hitoshi, University of Pennsylvania School of Franzini-Armstrong, Clara, University of Pennsylvania Medicine Fujiki, Hirota, National Cancer Center Research Konnerth, Arthur, Max-Planck-Institiit fur Institute, Japan Biophysikalische Chemie, Germany Kowtha, Vijayanand C., NIH Gao, Qian, University of Pennsylvania School of Kozlowski, David, University of Connecticut Medicine Krishna, Gobal, NIH Gavi, Benny, SUNY, Binghamton Kronidou, Nafsika, Dartmouth College Genao. Ivan, Lehman College Kuhns, William, Hospital for Sick Children, Canada Gerosa, Daniela, Friedrich Miescher Institut, Kumar, Sanjay S., University of Pennsylvania Switzerland Gill-Kumar, Pritam, U. S. Food and Drug Landau, Matthew, Stockton State College Administration Larsen, Mark, University of Puget Sound

Goldman, Anne E., Northwestern University Medical Lasser-Ross, Nechama, New York Medical College School Latorre, Ramon, Universidad de Chile, Chile Gomez, Maria, Boston University Lederhendler, I. Izja, NIH, NINDS 32 Annual Report

Leidigh. Christopher, Brown University Sagi, Amir, Hebrew University, Israel Leonard II, Edward E., University of Pittsburgh Sakakibara, Manabu, Toyohashi, Japan Levitan, Herbert, University of Maryland Sala, Salvador, University of Maryland, Baltimore Lin, Jen-Wei, New York University Medical Center Sanchez, Ivelisse, Hunter College Locke, Rachel, Washington University Sanchez-Andres, Juan V., NIH Lowe, Kris, New College Sato, Eimei, Kyoto University, Japan Luca, Frank, Harvard Medical School Schiminovich, Samuel, Englewood, NJ Seemes, Eliana, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Martin, Melissa, Illinois State University Sheetz, Jennifer, Woods Hole, MA McDonald, John K., Emory University School of Sheller, Rebecca, University of Texas, Austin Medicine Shibuya, Ellen, Harvard Medical School Menichini, Enrico, University of Naples, Italy Sivaramakrishnan, Shobhana, University of Southern Miledi, Ricardo, University of California California Milgram, Sharon L., Emory University School of Sosnicki, Andrzej A., University of Pennsylvania Medicine Spires, Sherrill, University of Rochester Mimori, Tsuneyo, Keio University. Japan Steffen, Walter, University of Minnesota Misevic, Gradimir. University Hospital of Basel, Stewart, Patricia, University of Rochester Switzerland Stokes, Darrell R., Emory University Moogan, Teresa, Hunter College Stout, Matthew P., SUNY, BufTalo Moreira, Jorge E., NIH, NINDS Sugimori, Mutsuyuki, New York University Medical Moshiach, Simon, NIH Center Murray, Sandra A., University of Pittsburgh Sweet, Hyla C, Union College Syme, Douglas, University of California Niclas, Joshua, University of California, San Francisco Nitabach, Michael, Massachusetts Institute of of Branch Technology Tewari, Kirti, University Texas Medical Todaro, M. Antonio D., of Modena, Norgren. Robert, University of Cincinnati University Italy Tsukimura. Brian, Illinois State University Turner, Robert, Lehman Olds, James, NIH, LMCN College

Eleni, and Cantonal Papaconstandinov, University Ueno, Hiroshi, Rockefeller University Hospital, Switzerland Pardo, Alex, Hampshire College Parsey, Ramin. University of Maryland Vargas, Fernando, U. S. Food and Drug Parsons, Stephen, University of North Carolina, Administration Chapel Hill Vogel, Jackie M., Illinois State University Perozo, Eduardo, University of California, Los Angeles Piccoli, Renata, University of Naples, Italy Plant. Charles P., Tufts University Wache, Susanne C., University of Connecticut Powers, Maureen K., Vanderbilt University Wadsworth, Patricia, University of Massachusetts Pumplin, David W., University of Maryland, Baltimore Watson, Win, University of New Hampshire Wells, Dan, Lexington, MA Wiercinski, Floyd J., Northeastern Illinois University Quigley, James P., SUNY, Stony Brook Wu, Jian-Young, Yale University School of Medicine

Rafferty, Keen A., University of Illinois Rasgado-Flores, Hector, University of Health Sciences/ Zakevicius, Jane M., University of Illinois College of Chicago Medical School Medicine Reese, Thomas, NIH, NINDS Zecevic, Dejan, University of Belgrade, Yugoslavia Rodriguez, Katrin, University of Illinois Zheng, Qiang, Baylor College of Medicine Romero, Adarli, Washington University Zhi-quo, Liang, Population Council Roth, William W., Emory University School of Zigman, Bunnie Rose, University of Rochester School Medicine of Medicine and Dentistry Russell, Joshua C., University of Texas Medical Branch Zipser, David, E. Lansing, MI Library Readers 33

Marine MBL Library Readers: General Research, May, Ronald, MBL Mitchell, Harvard Adler, Elizabeth, MBL Ralph, University Mooseker, Mark S., Yale University Apter, Nathanial, Nova University Musacchia, X. J., University of Louisville

Baccetti, Baccio, University of Siena, Italy Olins, Ada L., University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge Barrett, Dennis, University of Denver Olins, Donald, University of Tennessee, Oak Ridge Bartolucci, Simonetta, Naples, Italy Oschman, James L., MBL Burdick, Jonathan, MBL of Medicine Bursztajn, S., Baylor College Passano, Leonard, University of Wisconsin Peisach, Jack, Albert Einstein College of Medicine Carriere, Rita M., Downstate Medical Center Pollen, Daniel, University of Massachusetts Medical Child, Frank M., Trinity College School Chinard, Francis P., New Medical School Jersey Prosser, C. Ladd. University of Illinois Cobb, Jewel Plummer, California State University, Prusch, Robert, Gonzaga University Fullerton Cohen, Leonard, American Health Foundation Robinson, Denis, MBL Romagnani, Sergio, Universita di Firenze, Italy DeSimone, Douglas W., University of Virginia Health Rossi, Mose, Naples, Italy Science Center Rourke, John, MBL DeToledo-Morrell, Leyla, Rush Medical Center Russell-Hunter, W. D., Syracuse University Dowling, John, Harvard University Duncan, Thomas K., Nichols College Sanger, Jean, University of Pennsylvania Sanger, Joseph W., University of Pennsylvania Edds, Kenneth T., SUNY, Buffalo Schippers. Jay M., WAFRA, New York, NY Nassau Health Center Eisen, Herman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Shriftman, Mollie-Starr, North Singh, Ajai Pratap, Bareilly College Farmanfarmaian, A., Rutgers University Solomon, Dennis, MBL Fox, Tom, Harvard Medical School Stein, Leonard, Health Sciences Center SUNY Villanova Frenkel, Krystyna, NYU Medical Center Stephens, Philip J., University William Friedler, Gladys, Boston University School of Medicine Stephenson, K., Earlham College Sweet, Frederick, Washington University School of

German, James L., The New York Blood Center Medicine

Gilbert, Daniel L., NIH Szent-Gyorgyi, Andrew, Brandeis University Goldstein, Moise H., John Hopkins University Szulman, Aron, MaGee Womens Hospital Goodman. Dewitt S.. Columbia University William, The Rockefeller Gormley, Gerard, MBL Trager. University Guttenplan, Joseph, NYU Dental Center Van Holde, Kensal E., Oregon State University Vaina, Lucia, Boston University Hill, Richard, Michigan State University Humphreys, Tom, University of Hawaii Wagner, Robert R., University of Virginia International Wildlife, MBL Wallace, Robert W.. MBL Warren, Leonard, Wistar Institute Kaltenbach, Jane, Mount Holyoke College Wilber, Charles G., Colorado State University Karlin, Arthur, Columbia University Wimpee. Charles, MBL Kelly, Robert. U.I.C. College of Medicine Wittenberg, Jonathan, Albert Einstein College of Kisten & Babitsky, MBL Medicine Klemow, Kenneth M.. Wilkes University Wolken, Jerome, Carnegie Mellon University Kremer, James N., University of South California Worgul, Basil, Columbia University Worgul, Kathleen, MBL Laderman, Aimlee D., Yale University Lee, John J., City College of CUNY Young, Wise, NYU Medical Center Levitz, Mortimer, NYU Medical Center Young, Lily, NYU Medical Center 34 Annual Report

Tulane Library Readers: Desks Mizell, Merle, University Morrell, Frank, St. Lukes Medical Center, Chicago

Anderson, Everett, Harvard Medical School Narahashi, Toshio, Northwestern University Medical Avioli, Louis V., Jewish Hospital, St. Louis School Nickerson, Peter A., SUNY, Buffalo Boyer, John F., Union College Paton, David, MBL Candelas, Graciela C., University of Puerto Rico Person, Philip, VA Medical Center, Brooklyn Chaet, Alfred B., University of W. Florida Clark, Arnold, MBL Robinson, Denis, MBL MBL Cohen, Seymour, Roth, Jay, University of Connecticut Collier, Marjorie M., St. Peters College Roth, Lorraine, MBL Copeland, Eugene, MBL Corliss, Bruce, Duke University Shanklin, Douglas, University of Tennessee Crews, David, University of Texas, Austin Shepard, Frank, Woods Hole Database Czinn, Steven J., RB&C Hospital, Cleveland Shepro, David, Boston University Sonnenblick, B. P.. Rutgers University Festoff, Barry, VA Medical Center, Kansas City Spector, Abraham. Columbia University Fussell, Catherine, University of Pennsylvania Speck, William, Case Western Reserve Stuart, Ann, University of North Carolina Gibson, Kevin, University of Pittsburgh Sundquist, Eric, USGS, Woods Hole Gross, Paul R., University of Virginia Sydlik, Mary Anne, Eastern Michigan University Grossman, Albert, NYU Gruner, John, NYU Medical Center Tweedel, Kenyon, University of Notre Dame

Webb, Marguerite, MBL Haubrich, Robert, Denison University Wittenberg, Beatrice, Albert Einstein College of Herskovitz, Theodore, Fordham University Medicine

Inoue, Sadayuki, McGill University, Canada Yow, Frank, Kenyon College

Katz, George M., Merck, Sharp & Dohme King, Kenneth, Childrens Hospital Library Readers: Rooms Krane, Stephen, Mass. General Kravitz, Edward, Harvard Medical School Hines, Michael, Duke University Medical School Moore, John W., Duke University Medical School Leighton, Joseph, Peralta Cancer Research Rabinowitz, Michael. Harvard Medical School Lorand, Laszlo, Northwestern University Reynolds, George, Princeton University Weidner, Earl, Louisiana State University Malbon, Craig C., SUNY Weissman, Gerald, NYU Medical Center Mauzarall, David, Rockefeller University Zweig, Ronald, MBL

Domestic Institutions Represented

Alabama, University of Birmingham Aspen Research Institute Bio-Rad Laboratories Albert Einstein College of Medicine Atlantex & Zieler Instrument Bodega Marine Station American Bionetics, Inc. Corporation Boston University American Psychological Association Axon Instruments, Inc. Boston University School of Medicine Ames Laboratory Bowling Green State University Analytical Luminescence Laboratory Bowman Gray School of Medicine Applied Biosystems Bareilly College Brandeis University Arizona Research Laboratory Baruch College of CUNY Brigham & Women's Hospital Arizona, University of Baylor College of Medicine Brinkmann Instruments. Inc.. Arizona, University of. School of Beckman Instruments, Inc. Brooklyn College of CUNY Medicine Bethesda Research Labs Brown University Institutions Represented

Bryn Mawr College Emory LIniversity School of Medicine Kenyon College Bunion Instrument Company, Inc. Eppendorf, Inc. Kinetic Systems Kipp & Zonen California Institute of Technology Fisher Scientific David Kopf Instruments Florida State California, University of, Berkeley University of California, University of, Davis Florida, University Lab Line Instruments, Inc. Laboratories California, University of, Irvine Row Laser Science Inc. California, University of, Los Angeles Fotodyne, Lehman College of CUNY California, University of. Riverside Lindberg Enterprises General Scanning, Inc. California, University of. San Diego Loma Linda University Georgetown University Medical School California, University of, San Francisco Los Alamos National Laboratories Georgia, University of California, University of, Santa Cruz Loyola University Gilson Medical Electronics, Inc. Cambridge Instruments Ludlum Measurements, Inc. Gonzaga University Cambridge Technology Goucher College Carnegie Institute of Washington MaGee Womens Grass Instrument Company Hospital Carnegie-Mellon University of Great Lakes Research Center Maryland, University Case Western Reserve University Maryland, University of. School of Center for Agricultural Biotechnology Hacker Instruments, Inc. Medicine Center for Marine Biotechnology Frederick Haer & Company Massachusetts Institute of Technology Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan Massachusetts, of, Amherst Hahnemann Medical College University State University Massachusetts, of, Boston Hamilton College University Chicago, University of Massachusetts, of. Medical Hampshire College University Medical Center Children's Hospital Harvard Medical School Center Ciba Corning Diagnostics Corp. Massachusetts, of. Medical Harvard University University Cincinnati, University of School Hawaii, University of City College of New York Medical of Ohio Health Sciences, LIniversity of College City University of New York (CUNY) Medical of Holy Cross College College Virginia Clark Medical University Honeywell Corporation Systems Corporation Merck & Inc. Colgate University Howard Hughes Medical Institute Company, Colorado College Merck & Dohme Research Howard University Sharp Colorado, University of. Boulder New Hunter College Laboratory, Jersey Columbia University Miami. of Hunter College and CUNY Graduate University Columbia University College of Center Miami, University of. School of Physicians and Surgeons Medicine Connecticut, University of I.B.M.-T. J. Watson Research Center Michigan State University Connecticut, University of. Health ICN Radiochemicals Michigan, University of, Ann Arbor Center Illinois Institute of Technology Minnesota, University of Cornell University Illinois Natural History Survey Molecular Probes Coy Laboratory Products Illinois State University Monsanto Company Crimson Camera Technical Sales Illinois, University of Mount Holyoke College CSPI, Inc. Indec Systems, Inc. Murray State University Indiana University Dage MTI. Inc. International Biotechnologies. Inc. National Institutes of Health/NINDS Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Iowa. University of National Institutes of Health/NIEHS Dartmouth College Iowa, LIniversity of. College of Medicine National Institutes of Health/NIDDK Dawson Company Institute for Basic Research in National Jewish Center for Immunology Delaware, University of Developmental Disabilities & Respiratory Medicine Diamond General Corporation Institute of Neuroscience National Science Foundation Digital Equipment Corporation ISCO, Inc. Naval Medical Research Institute Donsanto Corporation Neslab Instruments, Inc. Duke University JEOL New Brunswick Scientific Company, Duke University Medical School Jewish Hospital, St. Louis Inc. Johns Hopkins University School of New College of the University of South

E. I. duPont de Nemours & Co., Inc. Medicine Florida Eastern Michigan University New England Medical Center East Tennessee State University Kansas, University of New Hampshire, University of Eastman Kodak Company Kentucky, University of New Jersey Medical School E.G. & G., Inc. Kentucky, University of, Medical New York Medical College Emory University School New York University Medical Center 36 Annual Report

Nikon, Inc. Reed College Texas, University of. Southwestern North Carolina, University of. Chapel Roche Institute of Molecular Biology Medical Center Hill Rochester, University of Tufts LIniversity School of Medicine North Dakota University Rochester, University of, School of Tufts University School of Veterinary Northeastern University Medicine & Denistry Medicine North Nassau Health Center Rockefeller University, The Tulane University Northwestern University Medical Turner Designs School Notre Dame, University of Salk Institute UHS/Chicago Medical School San Francisco State University Union College Sarastro, Inc. United States Food & Drug Ohio University Savant Instruments, Inc. Administration Oklahoma, University of Scanalytics Universal Imaging Corporation Olympus Corporation Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation Utah, University of Oregon State University Scripps Institute of Oceanography Oregon, University of Sequoia Turner Vanderbilt University Smith College Vassar College Pennsylvania State University Sony Medical Electronics Veterans Administration Medical Pennsylvania, University of Southern California, University of Center Pennsylvania. University of. School of Stanford University Videoscope International, Ltd. Medicine Stanford University Medical Center Virginia, University of Perceptics Corporation State University of New York Vital Images Perkin-Elmer Corporation State University of New York, Albany Pharmacia, Inc. State University of New York, Buffalo Wake Forest University Pharmacia LKB Nuclear, Inc. State University of New York, Purchase Wake Forest University/Bowman Gray Photometries, Ltd. State University of New York, Stony Medical School Photonic Microscopy. Inc. Brook Washington, University of Photon Technology International State University of New York, Syracuse Washington University Pittsburgh, University of Stockton State College Washington University School of Pittsburgh. University of. Medical Stratagene Medicine Sutler Instrument School Company Wesleyan University Polaroid Corporation Swarthmore College West Florida, LIniversity of Swift Inc. Pomona College Instruments. Wheaton College Ponce School of Medicine Syracuse University Whitman College Population Council-CBR, The Wild Leitz USA, Inc. Portland State University Williams College Princeton University Technical Manufacturing Corporation Wisconsin, University of Puerto Rico. University of Technical Products International, Inc. Wistar Institute Puget Sound, University of Technical Video, Ltd. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Purdue University Temple LIniversity Worcester Foundation for Experimental Tennessee, University of Biology Texas Christian University Quantex Corporation Texas Tech. University Yale University Texas, University of, Austin Yale University School of Medicine Radiomatic Instruments & Chemical Texas, University of. Medical Branch Company. Inc. Texas, University of. Medical School Zeiss, Carl, Inc.

Foreign Institutions Represented

Academy of Sciences, USSR Bonn, University of, Germany Catania. University of, Italy British Museum of Natural History, UK Centro de Investigacion del IPN, Basel, University of, Switzerland Mexico Belgrade, University of, Yugoslavia Chiba University, Japan Bergen, University of, Norway Calgary, University of, Canada Chiba University School of Medicine, Bielefeld, University of, Germany Cambridge, University of, UK Japan Biozentrum, Basel. Switzerland Carlton LIniversity, Canada Chile, University of. C.E.C.S., Chile Institutions Represented 37

CINEVESTAV-IPN, Mexico Konstanz, University of, Germany Regensburg, University of, Germany Cologne, University of, Germany Kyoto University, Japan Sao Paulo, University of, Brazil Dalhousie University, Canada Life Sciences Institute, Israel Saskatchewan. University of, Canada Dalhousie University Medical School, London School of Hygiene & Tropical St. Andrews University, Scotland, UK Canada Medicine, UK Seoul National University, Korea London, University of, Egham, UK Siena, University of. Italy Ecole normale superieure, France Simon Bolivar, University of, Venezuela Max-Planck-Institut fur State University of Utrecht, The Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Biophysikalische Chemie, Germany Netherlands Brazil Max-Planck-Institiit, Gottingen, Stazione Zoologica, Italy Freie Universitat Berlin, Germany Germany Stockholm, University of, Sweden Friedrich Miesener Institut. Switzerland McGill University, Canada Swiss Federal Institute, Switzerland Medical Research Council, UK Swiss Federal Institute of Technology,

Gottingen, University of, Germany Milan, University of, Italy Switzerland Modena, University of, Italy Hamamatsu Photonics, K. K.. Japan Montreal. University of, Canada Toronto, University of, Canada Hebrew University, Israel Tubingen, University of, Germany Hong Kong, University of. Hong Kong Naples, University of, Italy Nice, University of, France Universita di Firenze, Italy Imperial College of Science & Nottingham, University of, UK Universita di Palermo, Italy Technology, UK Universite des Sciences et Techniq. du Institute for Biological Research. Osnabriick, University of, Germany Languedoc, France Yugoslavia Ottawa, University of, Canada University College, UK Instituto di Biologia dello Sviluppo, University Hospital of Basel, CNS, Italy Paris, University of, France Switzerland

Instituto M. y. M. Ferreyra, Argentina Paul Scherrer Institute, Switzerland Utrecht University, The Netherlands I.V.I.C., Venezuela Philipps-Universitat, Marburg, Germany Vienna, University of, Austria Kaiserslautern, University of, Germany Philipps-Universitat, Germany Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Protein Research Institute, LISSR Belgium Wolfson College, UK Keio University, Japan Queens College, UK Kobe University, Japan Queens University, Canada Z.L.F. Kantonsspital, Basel, Switzerland Koln, University of, Germany Queensland, University of, Australia Zoologie Institut, Germany Year-Round Research Programs

The Boston University Marine Program Speksnijder. Annelies (Utrecht University, Netherlands) Sulak. Ken (Huntsman Marine Science Centre, Canada) Terasaki, Mark (NIH)

Research stall Atema, Jelle (Professor of Biology, Program Director) Foreman, Kenneth (Research Associate) Humes. Arthur G. (Professor of Biology Emeritus) Gerardo. Hortense (Research Associate) Strickler, J. Rudi (Professor of Biology, Program Director) Tamm, Signhild (Senior Research Associate) Tamm, Sidney L. (Professor of Biology) Voigt. Rainer (Research Associate) Valiela, Ivan (Professor of Biology)

Teaching assistants and stall I '/siting tacultv and investigators Alber, Merryl (Course Assistant) Ache. Barry (C. V. Whitney Lab, St. Augustine. Florida) Coughlin, David (Course Assistant) Bamhach, Richard (Virginia Polytech and State University) Cowan, Diane (Course Assistant) Bloomer, Sherman (Boston University) Gomez, George (Course Coordinator) Borisy, Gary (University ot Wisconsin, Madison) Hahn, Dorothy (Senior Administrative Secretary) Caballero. Pascual (University of Las Palmas. Gran Canaria) Hersh. Douglas (Course Assistant) Chang, Donald (Baylor College of Medicine. Texas) LaMontagne. Michael (Course Assistant) D'Avanzo. Charlene (Hampshire College) Mosiach. Simon (Course Assistant) Dionne. Vincent (University of California) Mulsow. Sandor (Course Assistant) Gerhardt, Greg (University of Colorado) Paullin. Susanne (Assistant to the Director) Good. Michael (Lltrecht University, The Netherlands) Scholz, Nathaniel (Course Assistant) Hinga. Kenneth (LJniversity of Rhode Island) Sunlcy, Madeline (Administrative Manager) Josephson, Robert (University of California, Irvine) Varela, Diana (Course Assistant) Kauer. John (Tufts University) Kaufman, Les (New England Aquarium) Graduate students Kremer, James (University of Southern California) Linck, Richard W. (University of Minnesota. St. Paul) Alber, Merryl Marrase, Celia (University of Barcelona, Spain) Banta. Gary Meinertzhagen, Ian (Dalhousie University, Canada) Brewer, Matthew Nakamura. Shogo (Toyama University, Japan) Bohachevsky, Boris Patterson. David (University of Bristol. UK) Bryden, Cynthia Peckol, Paulette (Smith College) Coughlin. David Perez Castillo. Fernando (CIQRO. Mexico) Cowan, Diane Rhoads, Donald (Adjunct Professor of Geology) Elskus. Adria Rietsma. Carol (SUNY, New Paltz) Gallager. Scott Rosenbaum. Joel (Yale University) Gomez. George Sardet. Christian (Villefranche-sur-Mer. France) Hersh. Douglas Sardu. Rafael (Centre d'Estudio Avancats de Blanes, Spain) Hwang, Jiang-shiou Singarajah, K. V. (University of Brazil. Brazil) Karavanich. Christy Steffan, Walter (University of Minnesota, St. Paul) Katz, Andrea Year-Round Research Programs 39

Kennedy, Blain LaMontagne, Michael Lavalli. Kan Lindstrom, Daniel Mazel. Charles Merrill, Carl Moore. Paul Mosiach, Simon Mulsow, Sandor Portnoy. John Scholz. Nathaniel Strubel, liana Tamse Armando Trager, Geoffrey Usup, Gires Varela, Diana Weinstein, Diana White, David

Undergraduate student* I-'all 1990

Annis, Eric Boulanger, Lisa Brand. Michelle (University of California. San Diego) Carrama. Carolyn student Diane Cowan the finer of the Christine. Stephanie BUMP graduate explains points lobster to BUMP undergrads. Collumb, Chris (Trinity University) Christman, Laurie Cruse, Jennifer Youngberg, Jill Deiner, Michael (Tulane) Ziemba, Robert DeSantis, Michael

Dougall, David (University of Pittsburg, Johnstown) Visiting graduate .stndentx Fall 1991) ll'HMS Fernandez, Cecilia Forrest. Davina Burner Michael (Lawrence University) Fox, Pamela Jones, Fynn (Vanderbilt) Gibson. Mark (Wesleyan) Klaper. Rebecca (University of Illinois) Goodbred, Steven Maselli. Andrew (Knox College) Guertin, Laura (Bucknell) Naessig, Tricia (Augusta College) Harris. Matthew Theis, Lisa (Lawrence University) Haven. Michael Hover, Eric (Lawrence University) Summer undergraduate interns Kinkade, Christopher Kozlowski, Wendy Altes, Hester MacDonald, Robin Bergles, Dwight McKee, Nancy (Middlebury) Butler, Nina (Westown School. PA) McNeil. Sean Casterline, Jennifer Polsky, Matthew Call, Christopher Russell, John (Franklin & Marshall) Hoagland. Todd (Bucknell) Seton-Haris, Genevieve Lacomis, Lynne (SUNY. Binghamton) Shaz, David Pfeifer, Shaili Smith. Douglas Pardo. Alex (Five Colleges) Smith. Kirsten Reischauer, Alyssa (USC) Spradlin, Trevor Sanders, Sophie (Dalton School) Staunton, Edward Short, Graham Steenburgh. Eric Szulgit, Greg Stousland. Brett (Lawrence University) Tello. Christine Fall undergraduate intern Valdes. Hugo Warner, Jacqueline Waggett, Caryl (Brown) 40 Annual Report

resources of the earth. In addition, the ecological expertise of Laboratory ofJelle Atema the staff is made available to public affairs groups and channel of Organisms use chemical signals as their main government agencies who deal with such problems as acid information about the environment. These signals are rain, ground water contamination, and possible carbon transported in the marine environment by turbulent currents, dioxide-caused climate change. Opportunities are available for extract viscous flow, and molecular diffusion. Receptor cells postdoctoral fellows. the signals through various filtering processes. Currently, lobster with its exquisite sense of taste and smell, is our major Staff and consultants model to study the signal filtering capabilities of the whole cells. Research focuses animal and its narrowly tuned receptor Hobbie, John E., Co-Director Kicklighter, David and and on amino acids (food signals) pheromones (courtship Melillo, Jerry M., Co-Director Kracko, Karen dominance) neurophysiology of receptor cells, behavior Banta, Gary Laundre, James guided or modulated by chemical signals, and computational Bauman, Carolyn Michmerhuizen, Catherine neural filters. models of odor plumes and Berger, Laurel Miliefsky, Michelle Bowles, Francis Moller, Bernard Laboratory ofArthur G. Humes Bowles, Margaret Nadelhoffer, Knute Castro, Nancy Padien. Daniel Research interests include development, host systematics, Cochran, Wendy Pallant. Julie and distribution of copepods specificity, geographical Davis, Sarah Parmentier. Nancy associated with marine invertebrates. Current research is on Deegan. Linda Peterson. Bruce taxonomic studies of from invertebrates in the copepods Dornblaser. Mark Raich, James Indo-Pacific area, and poecilostomatoid and tropical Downs, Martha Rastetter, Edward siphonostomatoid copepods from deep-sea hydrothermal Fafinski, Stephen Regan, Kathleen and cold vents seeps. Ricca, Andrea Fry. Brian Russell, Ann Garritt, Robert Laboratory of Ivan Valiela Susan Giblin, Anne Saupe. Schwamb, Carol Our major research activity involves the Waquoit Bay Land Gregg, Tim Schwarzman, Elisabeth Margin Ecosystems Research Project. This work examines Griffin, Elisabeth Semino. Suzanne watersheds how human activity in coastal (including Helfrich, John Shaver, Gaius landscape use and urbanization) increases nutrient loading to Hopkinson, Charles Shulman, Laura groundwater and streams. Nutrients in groundwater are Hullar, Meredith Steudler, Paul transported to the sea, and, after biogeochemical Jesse. Martha Tholke, Kristin transformation, enter coastal waters. There, increased Jordan, Marilyn Tucker. Jane nutrients bring about a series of changes. The Waquoit Bay LMER is designed to help us to understand and model the coupling of land use and consequences to receiving waters, and to the involved. study processes Bowden. Richard Peterjohn. William A second research is the structure and long-term topic Castro. Mark Ryan. Michael function of salt marsh including the processes of ecosystems, Klmg, George Wainright. Sam and nutrient predation, herbivory. decomposition, cycles. McKane, Robert

The Ecosystems Center I 'iMiinx scholars

The Center was established in 1975 to promote research Joyce, Linda, U.S.D.A. Forest Service and education in ecosystems ecology. Eleven senior scientific McGuire. David, U.S.D.A. Forest Service Amherst staff and forty research assistants and support staff study the Neill. Christopher. University of Massachusetts, terrestrial and aquatic ecology of a wide variety of ecosystems Marine Animal Health ranging from northern Europe (trace gas emission from acid- Laboratory for rain affected forests) to the Alaskan Arctic (long-term studies The laboratory provides diagnostic, consultative research, of the controls of tundra, lake, and stream biota) to the and educational services to the institutions and scientists of Harvard Forest (long-term studies of the effects of disturbance the Woods Hole community concerned with marine animal in forest ecosystems) to Buzzards Bay (controls of anaerobic health. Diseases of wild, captive, and cultured animals are decomposition). Many projects, such as those dealing with investigated. sulfur transformations in lakes and nitrogen cycling in the forest floor, investigate the movements of nutrients and make Staff use of the Center's mass spectrometry laboratory (directed by Director and The Robert R. Marshak Term Brian Fry) to measure the stable isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, Abt, Donald A., Medicine and and sulfur. The research results are applied wherever possible Professor of Aquatic Animal Pathology, of Medicine, of Pennsylvania to questions of the successful management of the natural School Veterinary University Year-Round Research Programs 41

A view of Alaska's Brooks Range form the Ecosystems Center's Toolik Lake research station. Photo by Mark Dornblaser.

Bullis, Robert A., Research Associate in Microbiology, Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry University of Pennsylvania Leibovitz, Louis, Director Emeritus This laboratory studies developmental, metabolic, and of cellular McCafferty, Michelle, Histology Technician, University of environmental influences on the genetic regulation involved Pennsylvania enzymes. Current emphasis is on the gene products utilization in marine fish. Moniz, Priscilla C., Secretary in hepatic heme biosynthesis and and nutritional Smolowitz, Roxanna. Research Associate in Pathology, These processes are responsive to hormonal and University of Pennsylvania signals as well as to environmental pollutants with fish liver in Wadman. Elizabeth A., Microbiology Technician, University carcinogens. This work is being conducted normal and with of Pennsylvania vivti, with primary cultures of hepatocytes. cultured hepatoma cells isolated from a fish tumor. Gene

is with cDNA and the relevant Laboratory ofAquatic Biomedicine activity quantitated probes, genes are being cloned in bacteria to define better the actions This laboratory investigates leukemias of soft shell clams. of chemical inducers. Other research is concerned with Monoclonal antibodies developed by this laboratory and translocation of proteins between various subcellular techniques in molecular biology are used to investigate the compartments both in fish hepatocytes and in invertebrate differences and leukemic cells and their between normal eggs before and after fertilization. ontogeny. The impact of pollutants on leukemogenesis is currently being studied with an emphasis on regional superfund sites. Staff

Cornell, Neal W., Senior Scientist Staff Bruning, Grace, Research Assistant Reinisch, Carol L., Investigator, MBL, and Chairperson Foley. Kathleen, Research Assistant Department of Comparative Medicine, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine I'tviting Miosky, Donna, Laboratory Technician White. Marja. Postdoctoral Fellow Fox, T. O., Harvard Medical Center 42 Annual Report

Laboratory of Developmental Genetics I isiting investigators Anderson, Porter, of Rochester This research group studies the early gene control of University Alex, Hebrew Jerusalem, Israel cellular differentiation pathways (cell lineage determination) Keynan, University, Christ's UK. in the embryos of tunicates and other marine invertebrate Kornberg, Hans, College, Cambridge. Vincent, Walter, of Delaware species. University Yashphe. Jacob, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel

Staff Laboratory of Shinya Inoue Whittaker, J. Richard, Senior Scientist

Crowther, Robert, Research Assistant Mechanism of mitosis and related motility. Development of Loescher, Jane L., Research Assistant high resolution 3-D video microscope systems. High

Meedel, Thomas H.. Assistant Scientist resolution polarized light microscopy of muscle fibrils. Physical origin of edge birefringence and image formation in

I 'isitint( investigators the polarized light microscope.

Collier, J. R., Brooklyn College Lee, James J., Columbia University, College of Physicians & Staff

Surgeons Inoue, Shinya, Distinguished Scientist Knudson, Robert. Instrument Development Engineer Laboratory* of Judith P. Grassle Oldenbourg, Rudolf. Visiting Assistant Scientist Stukey, Jetly, Research Assistant Studies on the population genetics and ecology of marine Szent-Gyorgyi, David. Research Assistant invertebrates living in disturbed environments, especially of Taracka, Richard. Instrument Maker sibling species in the genus Capilclla (Polychaeta). Woodward. Bertha M., Laboratory Manager

Staff I 'isiting investigators Grassle, Judith P., Senior Scientist Inoue, Theodore, Universal West Feinsilber, Sigalit, Research Assistant Imaging Corporation, Mills, Susan W.. Research Assistant Chester, Pennsylvania Silver, Robert B., Cornell University. Ithaca, New York Stemmer, of Basel, Switzerland Laboratory ofHaryln O. Halvorson Andreas, Lhiiversity

This laboratory is interested in the molecular process of Laboratory ofAlan M. Ku^irian sporulation and germination in members of the genus Bacillus. Our earlier work has involved characterization of the The research explores the functional morphology and ultrastructure of various in ger.l gene in Bacillus subtilis, and determination of the organ systems opisthobranch mollusks. The includes mariculture of the germination requirements of marine endospore-forming program bacteria. nudibranch, Hermissenda crassicornis, with emphasis on reliable culture methods for and Over the past year, we have isolated a large number of developing rearing a Studies include sporeformers from various marine environments like deep sea maintaining the animal as research resource. cores and sediments. Our intention is to characterize these optimization of adult and larval nutrition, control of facultative and and of bacteria at the molecular level, with emphasis on genes pathogens disease, development criteria for larvae and These associated with sporulation and germination. Protocols based morphologic staging juveniles. studies stress the of neural and on DNA fingerprinting and quantitative hybridizations have morphologic ontogeny sensory structures. Concurrent with these studies is the been developed to differentiate these bacteria from one development of a new to obtain reconstruct serial block face another, as well from terrestrial sporeformers. The technique and of embedded tissue sectioned hybridization data has shown that the bacterial isolates are not images (SBFI) epoxy actually inside an SEM an in situ miniature ultramicrotome. closely related to one another. by Additional collaborative research includes histochemical Numerical taxonomic methods are also being used to on strontium's role in calcification in cluster the various isolates. The physiologically interesting investigations initiating molluscan and as well as sporeformers will also be characterized by physical mapping embryos (shell statoliths). of cell-surface and using rare-cutting restriction endonucleases. immunocytochemical labelling secretory product antigens of neurosecretory neurons in the eye of

Staff . l/'/r.v/fl.

Halvorson. Harlyn O., Principal Investigator Chikarmane, Hemant, Assistant Scientist Staff Glick, Beatriz. Research Assistant Pratt. Sara. Research Assistant Alan M. Kuzirian. Assistant Scientist VanLoov. Lori. Research Assistant Catherine T. Tamse, Research Assistant Year-Round Research Programs 43

that are triggered by it. In another project, the laboratory has discovered and is continuing research on a novel second messenger enzyme, an NADase, in the oocytes of Aplysia. :+ that generates cyclic ADPR, a Ca -mobilizing product.

Staff

Strumwasser, Felix, Director Cox, Rachel L., Senior Research Assistant Glick, David, Senior Postdoctoral Fellow Hellmich, Mark, Postdoctoral Fellow Rainville, Carol, Laboratory Assistant Vogel, Jackie, Research Assistant

Laboratory of Robert E. Palazzo

This laboratory studies the biochemical regulation of cellular events during meiosis and mitosis. An integral part of the research effort is the design of reconstitution systems that faithfully execute cell cycle dependent events under defined conditions. Current cell biological, immunochemical, biochemical, and microscopic methodologies are employed. Using marine eggs as a material source, assays have been developed that allow the study of germinal vesicle breakdown Dr. Kuzirian Catherine Tamse in the Photo Alan and laboratory. by (GVBD), aster formation, and reactivation of isolated mitotic George Liles. apparatus in vitro. Current focus of the laboratory is on the identification of cell cycle dependent regulatory events with on and other post- Molecular Evolution major emphasis protein phosphorylation Laboratory of translational modifications. The ultimate goal is the identification of and substrates that are The major research effort of this laboratory is the structure key enzymes target involved in the of cell division and are analysis of ribosomal RNA. Similarities between small regulation highly subunit ribosomal RNA sequences are used to infer the conserved during evolution. evolutionary history of eukaryotic microorganisms and to design molecular probes for studies in marine ecology. Laboratory of Monica Riley

Research in this laboratory focuses on the molecular Staff evolution and gene expression in the bacterium Escherichia Sogin, Mitchell L., Director coli. In a collaborative effort, a database containing Bhattacharya. Debashish, Postdoctoral Fellow information on the intermediary metabolism and biochemical Bibeau, Claude, Research Technician pathways of E. coli is being developed. When completed, this Bucklin, Ann, Visiting Scientist database is expected to contain information on each Stickel, Shawn, Research Technician metabolic reaction, the enzyme, the reactants, products, Wainwright, Patricia, Postdoctoral Fellow cofactors, activators, inhibitors, kinetics, equilibrium constants, binding constants, etc. Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology Related research is on the evolution of the K. coli DNA and organization of the genes in the chromosome. Comparative This studies the molecular and cellular bases of laboratory nucleotide and amino acid sequence data provide information two neural that different important programs regulate on the evolutionary relationships of E. coli genes to behaviors in the model mollusk Research is Aplysia. homologous genes in related bacteria. conducted on the mechanisms of the neuronal circadian oscillators located in the These circadian oscillators drive eyes. Laboratory of Sensory Physiology the circadian activity rhythm ot the animal, which is concerned with the daily timing of food gathering and of Since 1973, the laboratory has conducted research on prolonged rest. Additional research is conducted on a group of various aspects of vision. Current studies focus on neuroendocrine cells that produce a peptide, "egg-laying photoreceptor cells, on their light-absorbing pigments, and on hormone," that initiates egg laying and associated behaviors. their biochemical reactions initiated by light stimulation. The laboratory is interested in how the three-dimensional Microspectrophotometric and biochemical techniques are shape of this peptide hormone allows a highly specific used to study the receptors of both vertebrates (amphibia, fish, interaction with its receptor and the intracellular processes and mammals) and invertebrates (horseshoe crab and squid). 44 Annual Report

Staff Staff

Harosi, Ferenc, Director, Associate Scientist, MBL. and Jaffe, Lionel, Senior Scientist and Facility Director Boston University School of Medicine Kuhtreiber, Willem, Physiologist Szuts, Ete, Associate Scientist, MBL, and Boston University McLaughlin, Jane, Research Assistant School of Medicine Miller, Andrew, Research Associate Sanger, Richard, Technician I 'isiting investigators Shipley, Alan, Technician

Evans, Barbara I., University of Oregon, Eugene Hawryshyn, Craig W., University of Victoria, Canada Lall, Abner B., Johns Hopkins University I 'isiling investigators

Laboratory ofOsamu Shimomura Allen, Nina, Wake Forest College Bates, William, Carleton University, Canada Biochemical studies of the various of bioluminescent types Buonano, Mark. Massachusetts Institute of Technology systems. Preparation of the improved forms of for aequorin Chrystal, Jane, University of Sidney, Australia measuring intracellular free calcium. Cornwall, Carter, Boston University Danilchik. Michael, Wesleyan University Staff Gillot, Isabelle. Station Zoologique. Villefranche-sur-mer, Shimomura, Osamu, Senior Scientist, MBL, and Boston France University School of Medicine Isaacs, Hugh, Brookhaven National Laboratories Shimomura, Akemi, Research Assistant Kinnamon, Sue, Colorado State University Koshian, Leon, Cornell University I'isiting investigator Lucas, William, University of California, Davis Nakamura, Hideshi, Harvard University McConnaughey, Ted, Marine Biological Laboratory O'Donnell, Michael, McMaster University, Canada Laboratory of Raquel Sussman Ripps, Harris, University of Illinois College of Medicine Rubinacci, Allessandro, University of Milan, Italy We investigate the molecular mechanism of DNA damage- Sardet, Christian, Station Zoologique, Villefranche-sur-mer, inducible functions in E culi. Present studies deal with novel France genes that affect radiation-induced mutagenesis and analysis Saunders. Mary Jane, University of South Florida, Tampa of RecA functions. Schiefelbein, John, University of Michigan Shapiro. James, of Staff University Chicago Smith, Peter, Cambridge University, UK Sussman, Raquel, Associate Scientist Speksnijder, Johanna, University of Utrecht. The Netherlands Hemant Chikarmane, Postdoctoral Research Associate Dudley. Karen, Research Assistant Other National Vibrating Probe Facility Year-Round Investigators and Staff

We are exploring the roles of ionic currents, gradients, and Stephens, Raymond E., Principal Investigator waves in controlling development. We focus on controls of Szent-Gyorgy, Gwen, Research Assistant pattern and controls by calcium ions. Warren, Lisa, Research Assistant Honors

Friday Evening Lectures Fellowships

Dennis Powers, Stanford University. Hopkins Marine Robert Day Allen Fellowship Station, 29 June "Adapting to a Changing Environment: Genetic and Physiological Eugeni A. Vaisberg, Protein Research Institute, USSR Mechanisms" Joan Ruderman, Harvard Medical School, 6 July Frederick B. Bang Fellowship Fund "Controlling Cell Division" James Spudich, Stanford University School of Elaine Bearer, University of California, San Francisco Medicine, 13 July "Manifestation ofa Molecular Motor: From Muscle to Amoebae" Jean and Ratsuma Dan Fellowship Ricardo Miledi, University of California, 19, 20 August Douglas E. Koshland (financial support by Japanese (Forbes Lectures) "How to Study the Brain Using Dan Fellowship), Carnegie Institution of Washington Frog Oocytes" James Tiedje, Michigan State University, 27 July "Destruction ofPCBs and Other Pollutants by a New M. G. F. Fuortes Fellowship Class ofAnaerobic Sediment Microorganisms" Joseph Charles Callaway, University of North Carolina, Ruth Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 3 Sager, August Chapel Hill "Tumor Represser Genes" A. James Hudspeth, University of Texas Southwestern Stephen W. Kuffler Fellowship Medical Center, 10 August "How the Ear's Works IVork: Mechanoelectrical Transduction, Frequency Joachim W. Deitmer, University of Kaiserslauten, Tuning, and Synoptic Transmission by Hair Cells of Zoologie, Germany the Internal Ear" Dieter Swandulla, Max-Planck-Institiit, Germany Phil Leder, Harvard Medical School, 17 August "Limb Deformity: A Pleiotropic Mutation Governing Hayden-Baille Fellowship Embryonic Pattern Formation in the Mouse" Neena Din, University of British Columbia, Canada Brian Fry, MBL Ecosystems Center, 24 August Anne Donaldson, MRC Laboratory of Molecular "Consumers and Carbon Isotopes: Good Chemistry in Biology, UK the Sea" Thoru Pederson, Worcester Foundation for Faith Miller Fellowship Experimental Biology, 31 August "Between Nucleus and Cytoplasm: The Baroque Process ofMaking Elaine L. Bearer, University of California, mRNA as Studied from the Perspective of Cell San Francisco Biology" Youngsook Lee, Harvard University

45 46 Annual Report

Nikon Fellowship Father Arsenius Boyer Scholarship Fund

Timothy Mitchison. University of California, Haohua Qian. University of Illinois San Francisco C. Lalor Burdick Scholarship Science Writing Fellowships Ann Marie Murphy, Johns Hopkins University Robin Henig. Freelance Bruce Jacobs. Freelance Gary N. Calkins Memorial Scholarship Bill Krasean, Kalamaioo Gazelle Hanno M. Roder, Massachusetts Institute of June Kinoshita, Freelance Technology Kerning Kuo, Voice of America Beth Livermore, Freelance Frances S. Claff Memorial Scholarship Michael Skoler, National Public Radio Pamela Weintraub, Omni Ka Hou Chu, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Rick Weiss, Science News Kong

H. Burr Steinbach Memorial Fellowship Edwin Grant Conklin Memorial Scholarship

Youngsook Lee, Harvard University Sylwester Chyb, Wesleyan University

Steps Toward Independence Lucretia Crocker Endowment Fund MBL Summer Fellowship Silvia E. Frenk, King's College, Cambridge. UK Elaine Bearer, University of California, San Francisco Robert Paul Malchow, University of Illinois Bernard Davis Scholarship JoAnn Render, Hamilton College Diane K. Arwood, University of Southern Mississippi Katherine Swenson, Harvard Medical School Joanna S. Brooke, University of Western Ontario, Johanna E. Utrecht Speksnijder, University, Canada The Netherlands Joseph P. Calabrese, West Virginia University Eugeni Vaisberg, Protein Research Institute, USSR Judith A. Koskella, New York University Bridget E. Laue, University of Colorado Jared R. Leadbetter, Goucher College Shi Liu, University of Oklahoma Scholarships Lynn V. Mendelman, Harvard Medical School Elizabeth J. Ode, Colorado State University Mechthild of APA Fellow Pohlschroder, University Massachusetts, Amherst Maria A. Sosa, University of Florida John F. Hamilton, Meharry Medical College William F. and Irene Diller Scholarship Fund

ARCS Foundation Fellow Sylwester Chyb, Wesleyan University

Daniel S. Kessler, Rockefeller University Caswell Grave Scholarship

ASCB Fellows Ricardo Araneda. Albert Einstein College of Medicine Sylwester Chyb, Wesleyan University Abdiel J. Alvarez, University of Puerto Rico Kareen M. Guida. University of Paris, France Robert L. Bacallao, University of California, Los Angeles Aline D. Gross Scholarship Miles G. Cunningham. Massachusetts Institute of Technology Anne Marie Murphy. Johns Hopkins University Charlotte M. Vines, Harvard Medical School Arthur Klorfein Fund Scholarship Biology Club of CUNY Dangeruta Kersulyte, Academy of Science, Lithuania, Elizabeth L. Winter, City College of New York USSR Honors 47

Thierry Lepage, University of Nice, France Tod A. Critchlow, Scripps Institute of Oceanography Kareen M. Guida. University of Paris, France Michele I. Flatters, Tufts University Holly Y. Goodson, Stanford University Edwin S. Linton Memorial Scholarship Jerilyn Jewett-Smith, Whitman College John R. Jordan, University of Utah Michael C. Schmale, University of Miami David L. Keefe, Yale University Karen L. King, Florida State University S. O. Mast Founders Scholarship Qingwen Li, University of Kansas Peter J. Edmunds. Northeastern University Helen McNeill, University of Pennsylvania Ka Hou Chu, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Christa S. Merzdorf. Harvard University Hong Kong Robert Mirro, University of Tennessee Qi Yang, University of Connecticut Center for Microbial Ecology, Michigan State Scholarship Society for General Physiologists Scholarships

Olivia T. Harriott, University of Connecticut Robert A. Berkowitz. Washington University Daniel H. Cox, Tufts University Alberto Monroy Fellow Holly Y. Goodson, Stanford University Daniel S. Kessler, Rockefeller University Maria G. DiBernardo, Institute di Biologia dello Sviluppo, CNS, Italy Marjorie W. Stetten Fund

Haohua Illinois James S. Mountain Memorial Fund Scholarship Qian. University of

Karen M. Page, Dartmouth College Surdna Foundation Scholarship Eric A. Shelden, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Peter J. Salme Taagepera, University of Virginia Edmunds, Northeastern University Oivind Sandra A. Brockman, Carnegie-Mellon University Enger, University of Bergen, Norway Robert E. Tod A. Critchlow, Scripps Institute of Oceanography Hodson, University of Georgia James S. Maki, Harvard University Planetary Biology Internship Martin Polz. University of Vienna. Austria Stephen C. Tsoi, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Jennifer E. Klenz, University of Saskatchewan. Canada

William Morton Wheeler Family William Townsend Porter Foundation Fellowship Founders' Scholarship Abdiel J. Alvarez, of Puerto Rico University Hanno M. Roder, Massachusetts Institute of Robert L. Bacallao, of California, University Technology Los Angeles Miles G. Cunningham, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Domingo T. Rivera, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology Awards Charlotte M. Vines, Harvard Medical School Ebenezer Yamoah, University of Alberta, Canada Lewis Thomas Award

Herbert \V. Rand Scholarship Natalie Angier, The New York Times

Brian J. Binder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology MBL Tour Guides Award for Outstanding Science Sandra A. Brockman, Carnegie-Mellon University Presentation to the General Public Isabelle Carre, SUNY, Stony Brook Joseph Cerro, Columbia University Nancy Rafferty, Northwestern University Ka Hou Chu, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Seymour Zigman, University of Rochester School of Hong Kong Medicine Board of Trustees and Committees

Neil Jacobs, Hale & Dorr, Boston. MA Corporation Officers and Trustees Sir Hans Kornberg, Christ's College, Cambridge, UK George Langford, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill. NC Ex officio Jack Levin, V.A. Medical Center. San Francisco, CA

Evelyn Spiegel, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH Honorary Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Denis M. Robinson. Andrew G. Szent-Gyorgyi. Brandeis University, Waltham, MA Key Biscayne. FL Kensal E. VanHolde, Oregon State University, Corvallis. OR Chairman of the Board of Trustees, Prosser Gifford. Washington. DC Stanley W. Watson. Associates of Cape Cod. Inc.. Falmouth, MA President of the Corporation and Director. Harlyn O. Halvorson. Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Treasurer. Robert D. Manz. Helmer & Associates. Waltham. MA Clerk of the Corporation, Kathleen Dunlap, Tufts University School Class of 1991 of Medicine. Boston, MA Robert B. Barlow Jr.. Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY Dieter Blennemann, Carl Zeiss, Inc., Thornwood, NY Class of 1994 Trustees James M. Clark, Palm Beach, FL Wensley G. Haydon-Baillie, Porton, Int., London. UK Robert D. Goldman, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL Laszlo Lorand, Northwestern University, Evanston. IL Rodolfo R. Llinas. New York University Medical Center, Lionel I. Rebhun. of Charlottesville, VA New York. NY University Virginia, Carol L. Reinisch, Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine. Thomas D. Pollard, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. MD Boston, MA Joan V. Ruderman, Harvard University School of Medicine, Brian M. University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA Boston, MA Salzberg, Sheldon J. Segal, The Rockefeller Foundation. New York, NY Joseph Sanger, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Philadelphia, PA Ann Stuart, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Emeriti

Class of 1994 Trustees-at- Large John B. Buck, NIH, Bethesda. MD Seymour S. Cohen. Woods Hole, MA Frederick Bay. Gaston Snow Beekman & Bogue, New York. NY Arthur L. Colwin, Key Biscayne, FL Mary-Ellen Cunningham. Grosse Pointe Farms, MI Laura Hunter Colwin, Key Biscayne. FL Robert W. Pierce, Boca Grande, FL D. Eugene Copeland. MBL, Woods Hole, MA Irving Rabb, University Place at Harvard Square, Cambridge. MA Sears Crowell. Indiana University, Bloomington, IN Alexander T. Daignault, Boston, MA Class of 1993 William T. Golden, New York, NY Teru Hayashi, Woods Hole, MA Garland E. Allen, Washington University, St. Louis. MO Ruth Hubbard. Cambridge, MA Jelle Atema, Manne Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Lewis Kleinholz, Reed College. Portland. OR William L. Brown, Weston, MA Maurice E. Krahl, Tucson, AZ Alexander W. Clowes, University of Washington School of Medicine. Charles B. Metz, Miami, FL Seattle, WA Keith R. Porter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA Barbara of Connecticut. Ehrlich, University Farmington, CT C. Ladd Prosser, University of Illinois. Urbana. IL Edward A. Harvard Medical School. Boston. Kravitz, MA S. Meryl Rose. E. Falmouth, MA Robert E. Boston Mainer, The Company, Boston, MA W. D. Russell-Hunter, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY M. Melillo. Marine Woods Jerry Biological Laboratory, Hole, MA John Saunders, Jr., Waquoit, MA D. Dartmouth Roger Sloboda. College, Hanover, NH Mary Sears, Woods Hole. MA Homer P. Smith, Woods Hole, MA W. Randolph Taylor, Ann Arbor, MI Class of 1992 D. Thomas Tngg, Wellesley, MA Norman Bernstein, Bernstein Management, Inc., Washington, DC Walter S. Vincent, Woods Hole, MA Ellen R. Grass, Grass Foundation, Quincy, MA George Wald, Cambridge, MA

48 Trustees and Committees 49

Executive Committee of the Board of Trustees

Prosser Gifford*. Chairman Harlyn O. Halvorson* Irving W. Rabb, 1991 Robert B. Barlow Jr.. 1991 Robert E. Mainer. 1993 Sheldon J. Segal. 1992 Ray L. Epstein* Robert D. Manz* D. Thomas Tngg, 1990 Robert D. Goldman, 1994 Jerry M. Melillo. 1992

Trustee Committees 1990

Audit Compensation Investment

Robert Mainer. Chairman Prosser Gifford, Chairman D. Thomas Trigg, Chairman Ray L. Epstein* Robert E. Mainer William L. Brown Robert D. Manz* Robert D. Manz Ray L. Epstein* Sheldon J. Segal Irving W. Rabb William T. Golden Andrew G. Szent-Gyorgyi D. Thomas Tngg Maunce Lazarus D. Thomas Tngg Werner R. Loewenstein Kensal E. Van Holde Robert D. Manz* Stanley W. Watson Irving W. Rabb W. Nicholas Thorndike

Standing Committees for the Year 1990

Buildings & Grounds 50 Annual Report

Research Services Robert Palazzo Robert Silver Paul Steadier Steven Treistman Brian Noe, Chairman , van Valie|a Peter Armstrong Richard Va ,, ee Robert B. Barlow jr. Research Space Richard Cutler* Safety Jose h Barbara Ehrhch P San8er - Chairman Ken Forman '3au ' ^e Wecr J nn Hobbie, Chairman

Ra L - D. Ehud Kaplan y Epstein* Eugene Copeland Samuel S Koide Leslie D. Garnck* Richard Cutler* Aimlee Laderman John Hildebrand Edward Enos* Jack Levin David Landowne Louis Kerr Andrew Mattox* Hans Laufer Alan Kuzirian Eduardo Macagno Donald B. Lehy* Jerry M. Melillo Andrew Mattox* *c\v afficio Joan V. Ruderman Paul Steudler Laboratory Support Staff*

Biological Bulletin Development Office Library Clapp. Pamela L., Managing Avers, Donald E.. Director Norton, Catherine N., Acting Editor Berthel, Dorothy Librarian Puckett. Kathryn Lessard, Kelley J. Ashmore, Judith A. Stone, Beth Ready Thimas, Lisa M. Costa, Marguerite E. Fessenden. Jane Fisher, Susan Services Computer Director 's Office Goux, Randal Tollios, Constantine D.. Huguenin. Sanders Manager Halvorson. Harlyn O., President Patrick M. Schmidt. Valerie and Director Keenan, Mirra, Anthon> J. Burrhus, I. Elaine Mountford. Rebecca J. Catania. Didia Controller's Office Nelson. Heidi Epstein, Ray L. Pratson, Patricia G. Speer. John W.. Controller Kinneally. Kathleen R. Christine M. Power. Linda M. Showalter, Tamm, Accounting Services Watkins, Joan E. Ingrid Binda. Ellen F. deVeer. Joseph M. Campbell. Ruth B. Wnght. Rosemary Davis. Doris C. Gray Museum Ghetti. Pamela M, Backus, Richard H., Curator Associates Liaison Gilmore. Mary F. MBL Armstrong, Ellen P. Hobbs. Roger W.. Jr. Scanlon, Deborah Montiero. Eva Hough, Rose A. Oliver. Elizabeth Poravas. Maria Housing Public Information Office Riley, Janis E. King. LouAnn D.. Conference Liles, George W., Jr., Director Center and Anderson, Judith L. Chein Room Housing Manager Barnes. Susan M. Kaye-Peterson, Amy Chisholm. Caroline G. Farrell, Bermee R. Stone, Beth Ready Miller. Lisa A. Johnson, Frances N. Sadowski. Edward A. Krajewski. Viola I. Kuil, Elisabeth Services Purchasing Safety Mancevice, Denise M. Hall. Lionel E.. Jr. Mattox, Andrew H.. Safety McNamara, Noreen Schorer. Timothy M. Officer Sadovsky, Sebastian

Apparatus Copy Service Center Telephone Office Barnes. Franklin D. Baker, Ida M. Mountlbrd. Rebecca J.. Haskins, William A. L. Supervisor Geggatt. Agnes Martin. Lowell V. Ridley. Alberta W. Jackson. Jacquelyn F. Nichols, Francis H., Jr. Ridley, Sherie Shipping and Receiving Human Resources Geggatt. Richard E.

Including persons who joined Goux, Susan P., Manager Illgen, Robert F. or left I he staff during 1990. Donovan. Murcia H. Monteiro, Dana 52 Annual Report

Machine Clinard, Nathan Services, Projects, and Facilities Shop Sylvia, Frank E. Cullen, Timothy Cutler. Richard D.. Manager Cutler, Laura Enos, Joyce B. Marine Resources Center Demir, Oktay Kurland. Charles J. Valois, John J.. Manager Dias, John. Ill Donovan, Erin Buildings and Grounds Enos. Edward G.. Jr.. Superintendent Donovan, Jason P. Lehy, Donald B., Superintendent Fisher, Harry T.. Jr. Baldic. David P. Hanley. Janice S. Ford, John. Ill Grassle, J. Thomas Blumsack. Jeffrey J. Moniz, Pnscilla C. Michelle Blunt, Hugh F. Monteiro. Dana Halpm. Hamilton, Elizabeth R. Bourgoin, Lee E. Revellese, Christopher Carini, Robert J. Sullivan, Daniel A. Hibhitt, Catherine James Fish, David L., Jr. Tassinari, Eugene Hrynyshyn, J. Hullum, Rebekah Fuglister, Charles K. Torres, Sophie Gonsalves, Walter W., Jr. Illgen, Robert C. Hathaway, Peter Photolab Kaplan. Liat Jones, Leeland Colder, Linda M. Kinneally, Kara J. Justason. C. Scott Colder, Robert J. Langton, Lori Lochhead, William M. Rugh, Douglas E. Leatherbee. Amy Lunn. Alan G. Marini. Michael F. MacLeod. John B Montroll, Charles D. MeAdams. Herbert M., Ill Sponsored Programs Northern, Marc Jennifer Mills, Stephen A. Garnck, Leslie D.. Administrator Peal, W. Olive, Charles W.. Jr. Dwane. Florence Peal, Richard Rattacasa. Frank D. Huffer. Linda Philbm, Linda M. Daniel Schoepf. Claude Lynch, Kathleen F. Phillips, deVeer, Robert L. Piazza. Lucia Remsen, Andrew S. Weeks, Gordon W. Animal Care Facility Roderick, Paul Hanley. Janice S. Rosenkranz, Electron Microscopy Lab Shephard, Jennifer Margalil Kerr. Louis M. St. Jean, Jeannette Scherer, Aimee Housekeeping Services Summer Support Stall' Sheetz, Jonathan Jerry Phillabaum, General Supervisor Albrecht, Helen Sheffield. James Allen, Wayne D. Amon, Tyler C. Shepherd. Jennifer Anderson, Lewis B. Anderson, Penny Shock, Duane Boucher, Richard L. Ashmore. Lynne E. Snyder. Matthew Collins, Paul J Avers, Andrew D. Snyder, Rebecca Conlin, Henry P. Bolton. Hugh Sofferman. Rebecca Gibbons. Roberto G. Burke, Sean Swope. John G. Krajewski, Chester J. Cadwalader. George, Jr. Tilghman. Alison Lynch, Henry L. Campbell, Robert E. Varao. John Capobianco, James A. Vardac. Michael Instrument Development I. til' Child, Malcolm S. Wetzel, Ernest D. Robert Knudson Cishek. Dawn Wilkes, Jennifer Members of the Corporation'

Council for Research 1717 Life Members Hollaender, Alexander, Planning, Massachusetts Ave. NW. Washington, DC 20036 (deceased)

1 1 ul>l>:ir

Beams, Harold W., Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa Johnson. Frank H., of Princeton University, City, IA 52242 Department Biology, Princeton. NJ 08540 Bernheimer, Alan \V., Department of Microbiology, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016 P. O. Bertholf, Lloyd M., Westminster Village #2114, 2025 E. Lincoln St., Kaan, Helen W., Royal Megansett Nursing Home, Room 205, Bloomington. IL 61701 Box 408. N. Falmouth. MA 02556 Bodian, David, 4100 North Charles St., #913, Baltimore, MD 21218 karush, Fred, Department of Microbiology. University of 19104-6076 Bridgman, A. Josephine, 715 Kirk Rd., Decatur, GA 30030 Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 32782 Buck, John B., NIH, Laboratory of Physical Biology. Room 1 12. Kille, Frank R., 1 1 1 1 S. Lakemont Ave. #444, Winter Park, FL Building 6 Bethesda, MD 20892 Kingsbury, John M., Department of Plant Biology, Cornell Burbanck, Madeline P., Box 15134, Atlanta, GA 30333 University, Ithaca, NY 14853 Burbanck, William D., Box 15134. Atlanta. GA 30333 Kleinholz, Lewis, Department of Biology, Reed College. 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd.. Portland, OR 97202 Carpenter, Russell L., 60-H Lake St., Winchester, MA 01890 Princeton Chase, Aurin, Department of Biology, Guyot Hall, Laderman, Ezra, Yale University, School of Music, New Haven, CT University, Princeton, NJ 08544 (resigned) 06520 Clark, Arnold M., 53 Wilson Rd.. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Lauffer, Max A., Address unknown 02543-1206 Cohen, Seymour S., 10 Carrot Hill Rd., Woods Hole, MA LeFevre, Paul G., 15 Agassiz Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Colwin, Arthur, 320 Woodcrest Rd., Key Biscayne, FL 33149 Levine, Rachmiel, 2024 Canyon Rd., Arcadia, CA 91006 Colwin, Laura Hunter, 320 Woodcrest, Key Biscayne, FL 33149 Lochhead, John H., 49 Woodlawn Rd.. London SW6 6PS. England, Copeland, D. E., 41 Fern Lane. Woods Hole. MA 02543 UK Costello, Helen M., Carolina Meadows. Villa 137. Chapel Hill, NC Loewus, Frank A., Washington State University, Institute of 27514 Biological Chemistry, Pullman, WA 99164 Crouse, Helen, Address unknown Lofth'eld, Robert B., Department of Chemistry. LIniversity of New Mexico School of Medicine. Albuquerque. NM 87131 Kailla, Patricia M., 2149 Lane, Johns Island. SC 29455 Loblolly Lynn, \V. Gardner, Department of Biology, Catholic University of James K. 56 Clarkehaven St., Thornhill, Ontario L4J Ferguson, \V.. America, Washington, DC 20017 (deceased) 2B4 Canada

Fries, Erik F., 41 High Street, Woods Hole. MA 02543 (deceased) Magruder, Samuel R.. 270 Cedar Lane, Paducah, KY 42001 Malkiel, Saul, Allergic Diseases, Inc.. 130 Lincoln St.. Worcester, MA 63 Falmouth, MA 02540 Goldman, David, Loop Rd., 01609 Graham, Herbert, 36 Wilson Rd.. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Mathews, Rita W., Box 1 3 1 , Southfield, MA 01259 Green, James W., 409 Grant Ave., Highland Park, NJ 08904 Miller, James A., 307 Shorewood Drive, E. Falmouth, MA 02536 Grosch, Daniel S., 1222 Duplin Road. Raleigh, NC 27607 Moore, John A., Department of Biology, LIniversity of California, Riverside, CA 92521 Hamburger, Viktor, Department of Biology, Washington LIniversity. Moscona, Arthur A., University of Chicago, Department of Molecular St. Louis, MO 63 130 Genetics and Cell Biology, 920 East 58th Street, Chicago. IL 60637 Hamilton, Howard L., Department of Biology, University of Virginia. Mullins, Lorin .]., University of Maryland School of Medicine, 238 Gilmer Hall. Charlottesville, VA 22901 Department of Biophysics, Baltimore. MD 21201 Harding, Clifford V., Jr., Wayne State University School of Medicine. Department of Ophthalmology, Detroit, MI 48201 Nace, Paul F., P. O. Box 529, Cutchogue. NY 1 1935 (deceased) Haschemeyer, Audrey E. V., 2 1 Glendon Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Page, Irving H., Box 516. MA 02647 Hauschka, Theodore S., FD1, Box 781, Damariscotta. ME 04543 Hyannisport, Pollister, A. W., 8 Euclid Ave.. Belle Mead, NJ 08502 Hisaw, F. L., 5925 SW Plymouth Drive, Corvallis, OR 97330 Prosser, C. Ladd, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Burrill * Including action of the 1990 Annual Meeting. Hall 524. University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801

53 54 Annual Report

Provasoli, Luigi, Via Stazione 43, 21025 Comerio (VA), Italy Adelman, William J., Jr., 160 Locust St.. Falmouth. MA 02540 Prytz, Margaret McDonald, Address unknown Afzelius, Bjorn, Wenner-Gren Institute. University of Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden Renn, Charles E., Address unknown Alberte, Randall S., Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell

Richards, A. Glenn, 942 Cromwell Ave., St. Paul, MN 551 14 Biology, University of Chicago. 1 103 E. 57th Street. Chicago, IL Rice, Robert V., 30 Burnham Dr., Falmouth, MA 02540 60637 Rockstein, Morris, 600 Biltmore Way, Apt. 805. Coral Gables, FL Alkon, Daniel, NINCDS/NIH, Dept. LMNC, Bldg. Park. Rm. 431. 33134 Bethesda, MD 20852 Ronkin, Raphael R., 3212 McKinley St., NW, Washington, DC 20015 Allen, Garland E., Department of Biology, Washington LIniversity, St.

Rose, S. Meryl, 32 Crosby Ln., E. Falmouth, MA 02536 Louis, MO 63 1 30 Allen, Nina S., Department of Biology, Wake Forest LIniversity, Box Sanders, Howard, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods 7325, Winston-Salem. NC 27109 Hole, MA 02543 Allen, Suzanne T., 155 Webster St., W. Newton, MA 02165 Scharrer, Berta, Department of Anatomy. Albert Einstein College of Amatniek, Ernest, 4797 Boston Post Rd., Pelham Manor, NY 10803 Medicine, 1300 Morns Park Avenue, Bronx. NY 10461 Anderson, Everett, Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology. LHRBB. Schlesinger, R. Walter, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Harvard Medical School. 45 Shattuck St., Boston, MA 021 15

Jersey, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Anderson, J. M., 1 10 Roat St., Ithaca, NY 14850 Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5635 Armett-Kibel, Christine, Department of Biology, University of Schmitt, F. O., Room 16-512, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts, Boston, MA 02125 Cambridge, MA 02139 Armstrong, Clay M., Department of Physiology, University of

Scott, Allan C.. I Nudd St.. Waterville, ME 04901 Pennsylvania Medical School, Philadelphia, PA 14104 Shemin, David, 33 Lawrence Farm Rd., Woods Hole, MA 02543 Armstrong, Peter B., Department of Zoology. University of Silverstein, Arthur M., The Johns Hopkins Hospital Wilmer Institute. California. Davis, CA 95616 Baltimore, MD 21205 Arnold. John M.. Pacific Biomedical Research Center. 209 Snyder Smith, Homer P., 8 Quissett Ave.. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Hall, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 Smith, Paul F., P. O. Box 264. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Arnold, William A., 102 Balsam Rd.. Oak Ridge, TN 37830 Sonnenblick, B. P., 515A Heritage Hill, Southbury, CT 06488 Ashton, Robert W., Gaston Snow Beekman and Bogue. 666 5th Steinhardt, Jacinto, 1508 Spruce St., Berkeley, CA 94709 Avenue. 31st Floor, New York, NY 10103 Atema, Jelle, Boston University Marine Program. Marine Biological Taylor, Robert E., 20 Harbor Hill Rd.. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Taylor, \V. Randolph. The Herbarium, North University Bldg., Atwood, Kimball C., Ill, P. O. Box 673, Woods Hole, MA 02543 University of Michigan. Ann Arbor. MI 48109 (deceased) Augustine, George J., Section of Neurobiology, Department of TeWinkel, Lois E., Rockndge. 25 Coles Meadow Road. Biological Sciences. LIniversity of Southern California, Los Angeles. Northampton. MA 01060 CA 90089-0371 Trager, William. The Rockefeller University. 1230 York Ave., New Ayers, Donald E., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA York. NY 10021 02543

Baccelti, Baccio, Institute of General Biology. 53100 Siena, Italy Villee, Claude A., Harvard Medical School. Parcel B/Room 122. 25 Baker. Robert G., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, New Shattuck Street. Boston. MA 02 1 1 5 York LIniversity Medical Center, 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016 \\ald, George, 21 Lakeview Ave., Cambridge, MA 02138 Baldwin, Thomas O., Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. Waterman, T. H., Yale University, Biology Department. Box 6666, Texas A&M University. College Station. TX 77843 New Haven. CT 065 11 Bang, Betsy, 76 F R. Lillie Rd.. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Weiss, Paul A., Address unknown Barlow, Robert B., Jr., Institute for Sensory Research. Syracuse W ichterman, Ralph. 3 I Buzzards Bay Ave.. Woods Hole, MA 02543 University. Memll Lane, Syracuse, NY 1 3244-5290 Wiercinski, Floyd J., 36 James St., Woods Hole. MA 02543 Barry, Daniel T., Department of Physical Medicine and Wilber. Charles G., Department of Biology, Colorado State Rehabilitation, ID204, University of Michigan Hospital. Ann University, Fort Collins, CO 80523 Arbor. MI 48109-0042 Barry, Susan R., Department of Physical Medicine and /.inn, Donald J., Department of Zoology, University of Rhode Island, Rehabilitation. 1D204. LIniversity of Michigan Hospital, Ann Kingston, RI 02881 Arbor. MI 48109-0042 /.orzoli, Anita, 18 Wilbur Blvd.. Poughkeepsie. NY 12603 Bartell, Clelmer K., 2000 Lake Shore Drive. New Orleans. LA 70122 Zweifach, Benjamin W., 881 1 Nottingham Place. La Jolla. CA 92037 Bartlett, James H., Department of Physics, Box 870324. University of Alabama. Tuscaloosa. AL 35487-0324 Bass. Andrew H., Seely Mudd Hall, Department ol Neurobiology, Regular Members Cornell University. Ithaca. NY 14853 Battelle, Barbara-Anne, Whitney Laboratory. 9505 Ocean Shore Abt, Donald A., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA Blvd., St. Augustine. FL 32086 02543 Bauer, G. Eric. Department of Anatomy. LIniversity of Minnesota, Acheson, George H., 25 Quissett Ave., Woods Hole, MA 02543 Minneapolis. MN 55455 Adams. James A., Department of Natural Sciences, University of Bay, Frederick, Bay Foundation. Gaston Snow Beekman & Bogue, Maryland, Princess Anne. MD 21853 666 5th Ave.. 31st Floor, New York. NY 10103

AdelherR, Edward A., Provost's Office, 1 15 Hall of Graduate Studies, Beauge, Luis Alberto, Department of Biophysics. Institute M.y.M. Yale University. New Haven. CT (16520 Ferreyra. Casilla de Correo 389. 5000 Cordoba. Argentina Members of the Corporation 55

Beck, L. V., School of Experimental Medicine, Department of Brown, William L., Bank of Boston (01-23-1 1), 100 Federal St..

Pharmacology, Indiana University. Bloomington. IN 47401 Boston, MA 02 106-20 1 6 Begenisich, Ted, Department of Physiology, University of Rochester, Bryant, Shirley H., Department of Pharmacology and Cell Biophysics. Medical Center. Box 642. 601 Elmwood Ave., Rochester. NY University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267 14642 Bullis. Robert A., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Begg. David A., LHRRB. Harvard Medical School. 45 Shattuck St.. 02543

Boston, MA 02 1 1 5 Burd, Gail Deerin, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology. Bell, Eugene, Organogenesis, Inc.. 83 Rogers St., Cambridge. MA Llniversity of Arizona. Tucson. AZ 85721 02142 Burdick, Carolyn J., Department of Biology, Brooklyn College. Benacerraf, Baruj, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. 44 Binney Street, Bedford Avenue & Avenue H. Brooklyn. NY 11210

Boston, MA 02 1 1 5 Burger, Max, Freidnch Miesner Institut Bau 1060 Postfach 2543. Benjamin, Thomas L., Department of Pathology. Harvard Medical Basel 4002, Switzerland

School. 25 Shattuck St.. Boston, MA 02 1 1 5 Burgos, Mario, IHEM Medical School, UNC 5500 Mendoza, Bennett, M. V. L., Albert Einstein College of Medicine. Department Argentina of Neuroscience. 1410 Pelham Pkwy. S., Bronx, NY 10461 Burky, Albert, Department of Biology. University of Dayton. Dayton, Bennett, Miriam F., Department of Biology, Colby College. OH 45469 Waterville, ME 04901 Burstyn, Harold Lewis. Melvin and Melvin. 700 Merchants Bank Berg, Carl J., Jr., P. O. Box 769, Kilauea, Kauai, HI 96754-0769 Bldg.. Syracuse. NY 13202-1686

Berne, Robert M., Department of Physiology. University of Virginia. Bursztajn, Sherry, Harvard Medical School, Mailman Research School of Medicine. Charlottesville. VA 22908 Center, 115 Mill St., Belmont, MA 02178 Bernstein, Norman, Diane and Norman Bernstein Foundation, Inc.. Bush, Louise, 7 Snapper Lane, Falmouth. MA 02540 2025 Eye St.. N.W., #400, Washington, DC 20009 Bezanilla, Francisco, Department of Physiology, University of Calabrese, Ronald L., Department of Biology, Emory University, California. Los Angeles, CA 90024 1555 Pierce Drive, Atlanta. GA 30322 Biggers, John D., Department of Physiology. Harvard Medical Candelas, Graciela C., Department of Biology. University of Puerto School. Boston. MA 02 1 1 5 Rico. Rio Piedras. PR 00931 Bishop, Stephen H., Department of Zoology, Iowa State University, Thomas of Yale P. O. Ames, IA 50010 Carew, J., Department Psychology, University, Box 1 1 A, Yale Station. New Haven, CT 06520 Blaustein. Mordecai P., Department of Physiology. School of Cariello, Lucio, Biochemistry Department. Stazione Zoologica. Villa Medicine, University of Maryland, 655 W. Baltimore Street. Comunale. 80121 Baltimore. MD 21201 Naples, Italy Carlson, Francis D., 2302 W. Rogers Avenue. Baltimore. MD 21209 Blennemann, Dieter, Carl Zeiss, Inc., One Zeiss Drive, Thornwood, Rita of and Cell Box NY 10594 Carriere, M., Department Anatomy Biology, 5, SUNY Health Science Center. 450 Clarkson Ave.. Brooklyn, NY Bloom, George S., Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, The 11203 University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. 5223 Harry Case, James, Office of Research Development. Cheadle Hall, Hmes Blvd.. Dallas, TX 75235-9039 LFniversity of California, Santa Barbara. CA 931 1 1 Bloom, Kerry S., Department of Biology. University of North Cassidy, Rev. J. D., St. Stephen Priory, Spiritual Life Center, 20 Glen Carolina, Wilson Hall, CB#3280, Chapel Hill. NC 27599-3280 St.. Box 370. Dover. MA 02030-0370 Bod/nick, David A., Department of Biology. Wesleyan University, Cebra, John J., Department of Labs. G-6. Lawn Avenue, Middletown, CT 06457 Biology, Leidy University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia. PA 19174 Boettiger, Edward G., 29 Juniper Point. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Chaet, Alfred B., University of West Florida. Pensacola. FL 32504 Boolootian, Richard A., Science Software Systems, Inc., 3576 Chambers, F.dward L., Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Woodchff Rd., Sherman Oaks, CA 91403 University of Miami. School of Medicine. P. O. Box 016430. Borgese, Thomas A., Department of Biology. Lehman College, Miami, FL 33101 CUNY. Bronx, NY 10468 Chang, Donald C., Department of Physiology. Baylor College of Borisy, Gary G., Laboratory of Molecular Biology. University of Medicine, One Plaza, Houston, TX 77030 Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 Baylor Chappell, Richard L., Department of Biological Sciences. Hunter Borst, David \\ "., Jr., Department of Biological Sciences, Illinois State College. Box 210, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10021 University. Normal. IL 61761-6901 Chauncey, Howard H., 30 Falmouth St.. Wellesley Hills. MA 02181 Bosch, Herman F., Box 617. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Child, Frank M., Ill, Department of Biology. Trinity College, Bowles, Francis P.. P. O. Box 674. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Hartford. CT 06 106 Boyer, Barbara C., Department of Biology, Union College. Chisholm, Rex L., Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Schenectady. NY 12308 Northwestern Llniversity Medical School. 303 E. Chicago Avenue. Brandhorst, Bruce P., Department of Biological Sciences. Simon Chicago. IL 606 1 1 Fraser University, Barnaby. BC V5A 156 Canada Citkowitz, Elena. 410 Livingston St., New Haven. CT 0651 1 Brehm, Paul, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior. SUNY at Clark, Eloise E., Academic Affairs, Bowling Green State Llniversity, Stony Brook, Brook, NY 1 1794 Stony Bowling Green. OH 43403 F. Disorders Brinley, J., Neurological Program. NINCDS. 812 Federal Clark, Hays, 26 Deer Park Drive, Greenwich, CT 06830 Building. Bethesda. MD 20892 Clark, James M., 210 Emerald Lane. Palm Beach. FL 33480 Joel of Brown, E., Department Ophthalmology. Box 8096 Sciences Clark, \\allis H., Jr., Bodega Marine Laboratory, P. O. Box 247, Center. Washington University, 660 S. Euclid Ave.. St. Louis. MO Bodega Bay, CA 94923 63110 Claude, Philippa, Primate Center, Capitol Court, Madison, WI 53706 Brown, Stephen C., Department of Biological Sciences. SUNY, Clay, John R., Laboratory of Biophysics, NIH, Building 9. Room 1E- Albany, NY 12222 124. Bethesda. MD 20892 56 Annual Report

Clowes, Alexander \V., Department of Surgery RF-25, University of David, John R., Seeley G. Mudd Building, Room 504, Harvard Washington School of Medicine, Seattle. WA 98 195 Medical School. 250 Longwood Ave., Boston. MA 021 15 Clutter, Mary, Office of the Director. Room 518. National Science Davidson, Eric H., Division of Biology. 156-29, California Institute of Foundation. Washington. DC 20550 Technology, Pasadena, CA 91 125 Cobb, Jewel Plummer, California State University. 800 State College Davis, Bernard D., Bacterial Physiology Unit, Harvard Medical

Boulevard. Fullerton. CA 92634 School, Boston. MA 02 1 1 5

Cohen, Adolph I., Department ot Ophthalmology. School of Davis, Joel P., Seapuit, Inc.. P. O. Box G. Osterville, MA 02655 Medicine. Washington University. 660 S. Euclid Ave.. St. Louis, Daw, Nigel W., 78 Aberdeen Place, Clayton, MO 63105 MO 63 110 DeGroof, Robert C., 145 Water Crest Dr.. Doylestown, PA 18901 Section and Hall, Cohen, Avis H., of Neurobiolog\ Behavior. Mudd DeHaan, Robert I,., Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology. Cornell University, Ithaca. NY I4S53-2702 Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Cohen, Carolyn, Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, DeLanney, Louis E., Institute for Medical Research, 2260 Clove Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254 Drive. San Jose. CA 95128

Cohen, Lawrence B., Department of Physiology. Yale LIniversity DePhillips. Henry A., Jr., Department of Chemistry. Trinity College. School of Medicine. 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06510-8026 300 Summit Street, Hartford. CT 06106 Cohen, Maynard, Department of Neurological Sciences. Rush Medical DeSimone, Douglas W., Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology.

College. 600 South Paulina, Chicago, IL 606 1 2 Box 439, Health Sciences Center, University of Virginia. Cohen, Rochelle S., Department of Anatomy, University of Illinois, Charlottesville, VA 22908 808 W. Wood Street, Chicago, IL 60612 DeTolcdo-Morrell, Leyla, Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Cohen, William D., Department of Biological Sciences. Hunter Medical College, Chicago, IL 60614 College, 695 Park Ave.. Box 79. New York. NY 10021 Deltbarn. Wolf-Dietrich, Department of Pharmacology, School of Coleman, Annette W., Division of Biology and Medicine. Brown Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37127 University, Providence. RI 01912 De Weer, Paul J., Department of Physiology, LIniversity of Collier, Jack R.. Department of Biology. Brooklyn College, Bedford & Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Philadelphia, PA 19104-6085

Avenue H, Brooklyn. NY 1 1210 Dixon, Keith E., School of Biological Sciences. Rinders University. Collier, Marjorie McCann, Biology Department, Saint Peter's College, Bedford Park. 5042, South Australia, Australia 2641 Kennedy Boulevard, Jersey City, NJ 07306 Dowdall, Michael J., Department of Zoology, School of Biological Cook, Joseph A., The Edna McConnell Clark Foundation. 250 Park Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park. Nottingham Ave., New York, NY 10017 NG7 2RD, England, UK

Cooperstein, S. J., LIniversity of Connecticut Health Center, Dow ling, John E., The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University. Department of Anatomy. Farmington Ave., Farmington. CT 06032 16 Divinity St.. Cambridge, MA 02138 Corliss, John O.. P. O. Box 53008. Albuquerque. NM 87153 DuBois. Arthur Brooks. John B. Pierce Foundation Laboratory, 290 Cornell, Neal W., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Congress Ave., New Haven, CT 06519 02543 Dudley, Patricia L., Department of Biological Sciences. Barnard Cornwall, Melvin C., Jr., Department of Physiology L714, Boston College. Columbia University, 3009 Broadway. New York, NY' LIniversity School of Medicine. 80 E. Concord St.. Boston. MA 10027 02118 Duncan, Thomas K., Department of Environmental Sciences. Nichols Corson, David Wesley, Jr., 1(134 Plantation Lane, Mt. Pleasant. SC College. Dudley. MA 01570 29464 Dunham, Philip B., Department of Biology. Syracuse University. Corv/in, Jeffrey T., Department of Otolaryngology. LIniversity of Syracuse. NY 13244 Virginia Medical Center, Box 430. Charlottesville. VA 22908 Dunlap, Kathleen, Department of Physiology. Tufts LIniversity

Costello, Walter J., Department of Zoology. College of Medicine. Medical School. Boston, MA 02 I 1 1 Ohio University. Athens, OH 45701 Couch, Ernest F., Department of Biology, Texas Christian University. Eberl, James D., Office of the Director, Chesapeake Bay Institute, The Fort Worth, T\ 76129 Johns Hopkins University. Suite 340. The Rotunda, 771 West 40th

Cremer-Bartels, Gertrud, Universitats Augenklinik, 44 Munster, St.. Baltimore. MD2121 I Germany Eckberg, William R., Department of Zoology. Howard LIniversity, Crow, Terry J., Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy. Washington, DC 20059 University of Texas Medical School. Houston. TX 77225 Edds, Kenneth T.. Department of Anatomical Sciences. SUNY,

Crowell, Sears, Department of Biology, Indiana LIniversity. Buffalo. NY 14214 Bloomington, IN 47405 Eder, Howard A., Albert Einstein College of Medicine. 1300 Morris Crowther, Robert, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA Park Ave.. Bronx. NY 10461 02543 Edstrom, Joan, 2515 Milton Hills Dr.. Charlottesville, VA 22901

Cunningham, Mary-Ellen, 62 Cloverly Road, Grosse Pointe Farms, Edwards, Charles, LIniversity of Southern Florida College of MI 48236 Medicine. MDC Box 40, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL Currier, David I... P. O. Box 2476. Vineyard Haven. MA 02568 33612 Culler, Richard, Manne Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA Egyud, Laszlo G., 18 Skyview. Newton, MA 02150 02543 Ehrlich, Barbara E., Division of Cardiology, LIniversity of Connecticut Health Center. 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06032

Daignault, Alexander T., 280 Beacon St., Boston, MA 021 16 Eisen, Arthur Z., Division of Dermatology. Washington University, Dan. Katsuma, Tokyo Metropolitan Union. Meguro-ku. Tokyo, Japan St. Louis, MO 631 10 D'Avanzo, Charlene, School of Natural Science, Hampshire College. Eisenman, George, Department ot Physiology, LIniversity of Amherst, MA 01002 California Medical School, Los Angeles. CA 90024 Members of the Corporation 57

Elder, Hugh Young, Institute of Physiology, University of Glasgow, Galatzer-Levy, Robert M., 180 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago. IL Glasgow, Scotland G12 8QQ 60601 Elliott, Gerald F.. The Open University Research Unit. Foxcombe Gall, Joseph G., Carnegie Institution, 1 15 West LIniversity Parkway,

Hall, Berkeley Rd.. Boars Hill, Oxford, England OX I 5HR Baltimore. MD 21210 Englund, Paul T., Department of Biological Chemistry. Johns Gallant, Paul E., NIH. Bldg. 36. Rm. 2A-29, Bethesda, MD 20892 Hopkins School of Medicine. Baltimore, MD 21205 Gascoyne, Peter, Department of Experimental Pathology, Box 85E. Epel, David, Hopkins Marine Station. Pacific Grove. CA 93950 LIniversity of Texas System Cancer Center. M. D. Anderson Epstein, Herman T., 18 Lawrence Farm Road. Woods Hole. MA Hospital and Tumor Institute. Texas Medical Center, 6723 Bertner 02543 Avenue. Houston. TX 77030

Epstein, Ray L., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA Gelperin, Alan, Department of Biophysics, AT&T Bell Labs, Room 02543 1C464. 600 Mountain Avenue. Murray Hill. NJ 07974

Erulkar, Solomon D., 318 Kent Rd.. Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004 German, James I... Ill, Lab of Human Genetics, The New York Essner, Edward S., Kresge Eye Institute. Wayne State LIniversity, 540 Blood Center, 310 East 67th St.. New York, NY 10021 E. Canfield Ave.. Detroit, MI 48201 Gibbs, Martin, Institute for Photobiology of Cells and Organelles. Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254 Farb, David H., Department of Pharmacology L603. Boston Giblin, Anne E., Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. University School of Medicine, Boston. MA 021 18 Woods Hole, MA 02543 Farmanfarmaian, A., Department of Biological Sciences. Nelson Gibson. A. Jane, Wing Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY' 14850 Biological Laboratory. Rutgers University. Piscataway. NJ 08855 Gifford, Prosser, 540 N Street, SW. S-903. Washington, DC 20024 Fein, Alan, Department of Physiology. University of Connecticut Gilbert. Daniel L., Laboratory of Biophysics, NIH/NINDS. Bldg. 9. Health Center, Farmington, CT 06032 Room IE- 124, Bethesda. MD 20892 Feinman, Richard D., Box 8, Department of Biochemistry, SUNY Giudice, Giovanni, Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e Dello

Health Science Center. 450 Clarkson Avenue. Brooklyn. NY 1 1203 Sviluppo. 1-90123, Via Archiran 22, Universita di Palermo, Feldman, Susan C., Department of Anatomy. University of Medicine Palermo. Italy and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 100 Glusman, Murray, 50 East 72nd Street. New York. NY 10021 Bergen St.. Newark, NJ 07103 Glynn. Paul, Hunter College of CUNY. Department of Biological Fessenden, Jane, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Sciences. 695 Park Avenue. New York, NY 10021 02543 Golden, William T., Golden Family Foundation. 40 Wall St.. Room 4201. New York. NY 10005 Festoff, Barry W., Neurology Service ( 127), Veterans Administration Medical Center. 4801 Linwood Blvd., Kansas City. MO 64128 Goldman, Robert D., Department of Cell, Molecular and Structural E. IL Fink, Rachel D., Department of Biological Sciences. Clapp Biology, Northwestern University, 303 Chicago Ave.. Chicago, Laboratory. Mount Holyoke College. South Hadley. MA 01075 60611 Finkelstein, Alan, Albert Einstein College of Medicine. 1300 Morris Goldsmith, Paul K., NIH. Bldg. 10. Room 9C-101, Bethesda. MD Park Ave.. Bronx. NY 10461 20892 Fischbach, Gerald. Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical Goldsmith, Timothy H., Department of Biology. Y'ale University. New School, 220 Longwood Ave.. Boston, MA 021 15 Haven. CT 065 10 Barton Johns I islmiaii. Harvey M., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Goldstein, Moise H., Jr., ECE Department, Hall, University of Texas Medical Branch. Galveston. TX 77550 Hopkins University. Baltimore, MD 21218 of Flanagan, Denis, 12 Gay St., New York, NY 10014 Goodman, Lesley Jean, Department Biological Sciences, Queen Franzini-Armstrong, Clara, Department of Biology G-3, School of Mary College, Mile End Road, London, El 4NS. England, UK Medicine. University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia. PA 19143 Goudsmit, Esther M., Department of Biology, Oakland University, Frazier, Donald T., Department of Physiology. University of Rochester. MI 48309 Kentucky Medical Center. Lexington. KY 40536 Gould. Robert Michael, Institute for Basic Research in Developmental 10314 Friedler, Gladys, Boston LIniversity School of Medicine, 80 East Disabilities. 1050 Forest Hill Rd., Staten Island, NY of Harvard Concord Street. Boston, MA 02 1 1 8 Gould. Stephen J., Museum Comparative Zoology. French, Robert J., Health Sciences Center, University of Calgary. University. Cambridge. MA 02138 Calgary. Alberta, T2N 4N1. Canada Govind, C. K., Life Sciences Division. University of Toronto. 1265 Freygang, Walter J., Jr., 6247 29th St., NW, Washington. DC 20015 Military Trail. West Hill, Ontario, MIC 1A4, Canada Fry, Brian, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Graf, Werner, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, Fukui, Yoshio, Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, NY 10021 Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago. IL 60201 Grant, Philip, 2939 Van Ness Street. N.W., Apt. 302. Washington. Fulton, Chandler M., Department of Biology, Brandeis University, DC 20008 Waltham, MA 02254 Grass, Albert M., The Grass Foundation, 77 Reservoir Rd., Quincy. Furshpan, Edwin J., Department of Neurophysiology. Harvard MA 02 170 Ellen The Grass 77 Reservoir Rd.. Medical School. Boston. MA 02 1 1 5 Grass, R., Foundation, Quincy. Futrelle, Robert P., College of Computer Science. Northeastern MA 02 170 University. 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 021 15 Grassle, Judith, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543

Gabriel, Mordecai, Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, Graubard, katherine. Department of Zoology, NJ-15, University of Brooklyn, NY 11210 Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 Gadsby, David C., Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, The Rockefeller Greenberg, Everett Peter, Department of Microbiology. College of University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 Medicine. Iowa City. IA 52242 Gainer, Harold, Section of Functional Neurochemistry. NIH. Bldg. Greenberg, Michael J., Whitney Laboratory, 9505 Ocean Shore Blvd.. 36, Room 4D-20. Bethesda, MD 20892 St. Augustine, FL 32086 58 Annual Report

Griffin, Donald R., Concord Field Station, Harvard University, Old Hinsch, Gertrude, W., Department of Biology, LIniversity of South Causeway Road, Bedford, MA 01730 Florida, Tampa, FL 33620 Gross, Paul R., Center for Advanced Studies, University of Virginia, Hobbie, John E., Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, 444 Cabell Hall, Charlottesville, VA 22903 Woods Hole, MA 02543

Grossman, Albert, New York University Medical Center. 550 First Hodge, Alan J., 3843 Mt. Blackburn Ave., San Diego. CA 921 1 I Ave., New York, NY 10016 Hoffman, Joseph, Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Grossman, Lawrence, Department of Biochemistry. Johns Hopkins Yale University, New Haven, CT 06515 University. 615 North Wolfe Street. Baltimore. MD 21205 Hollyfield, Joe G., Baylor School of Medicine, Texas Medical Center, Gruner, John, Department of Neurosurgery, New York University Houston. TX 77030 Medical Center, 550 First Ave., New York. NY 10016 Holtzman. Eric, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia Gunning, A. Robert, P O. Box 165. Falmouth. MA 02541 Unixersity. New York, NY 10017 Gwilliam, G. P., Department of Biology. Reed College, Portland, OR Hoskin, Francis C. G., Department of Biology, Illinois Institute of 97202 Technology, Chicago, IL 60616 Houghton, Richard A., Ill, Woods Hole Research Center, P. O. Box 296. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Haimo, Leah, Department of Biology, University of California, Hoy, Ronald R., Section of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell Riverside. CA 92521 University, Ithaca. NY 14853 Hall, Linda M., Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Hufnagel, Linda A., Department of Microbiology, University of SUNY. 317 Hochstetter. Buffalo. NY 14260 Rhode Island, Kingston. RI 02881

Hall, Zack W., Department of Physiology. University of California, 1 1 ii in mi >n. William D., Department of Zoology. Ohio University, San Francisco. CA 94143 Athens. OH 45701 Halvorson. Harlyn O., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Humphreys, Susie H., Research & Development. Kraft. Inc., 801 MA 02543 Waukegan Rd., Glenview, IL 60025 Hamlett, Nancy Virginia, Department of Biology. Swarthmore Humphreys, Tom D., L'niversity of Hawaii. PBRC, 41 Ahui St., College, Swarthmore. PA 19081 Honolulu, HI 96813

1 1. iima. Robert B., College of Environmental Science and Forestry. Hunter, Robert D., Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland SUNY, Syracuse, NY 13210 University, Rochester. MI 48309-4401 Harosi, Ferenc I., Laboratory of Sensory Physiology. Marine Hunter, W. Bruce, Box 321. Lincoln Center, MA 01773 Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Hurwitz, Charles, Basic Science Research Lab, Veterans Harrigan, June F., 7415 Makaa Place, Honolulu, HI 96825 Administration Hospital, Albany, NY 12208 Harrington. Glenn \V., Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, 403 Hurwitz, Jerard, Sloan Kettenng Institute for Cancer Research, 1275

Biological Sciences Building, University of Missouri, Kansas City, York Avenue. New York. NY 1 1021 MO 641 10 Huxley, Hugh E., Department of Biology, Rosenstiel Center, Brandeis Harris, Andrew L., Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Waltham, MA 02154 University. 34th & Charles Sts.. Baltimore, MD 21218 Hynes, Thomas J., Jr., Meredith and Grew, Inc., 160 Federal Street, Hastings, J. VV'., The Biological Laboratories, Harvard University, 16 Boston. MA 021 10-1701 Divinity Street, Cambridge, MA 02138

Hayashi, Teru, 7105 SW 1 12 Place, Miami, FL 33173 Han, Joseph, Department of Developmental Genetics and Anatomy, llaydon-Baillie, \\ensley G., Porton Int.. 2 Lowndes Place. London, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, SW1X 8DD, England, UK OH 44 106

Hayes, Raymond L., Jr., Department ol Anatomy, Howard Ingoglia, Nicholas, Department of Physiology, New Jersey Medical University. College of Medicine, 520 W St., NW, Washington, DC School, 100 Bergen St., Newark, NJ 07103 20059 Inoue, Saduyki, Department of Anatomy, McGill University Cancer Ilepler, Peter K., Department of Botany. University of Massachusetts, Centre, 3640 University St.. Montreal, PQ, H3A 2B2, Canada Amherst. MA 01 003 Inoue, Shinya, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Herndon, Walter R., University of Tennessee. Department ol Botany, Isselbacher, Kurt J., Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit Street, Knoxville, TN 37996-1 100 Boston, MA 02114 Hiatt, Howard H., Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Issidorides, Marietta, R., Department of Psychiatry, University of Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston. MA 021 15 Athens, Moms Petraki 8, Athens, 140 Greece Highstein, Stephen M., Department ol Otolaryngology, Washington Izzard, Colin S., Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY, 1400 University School of Medicine. St. Louis, MO 631 10 Washington Ave., Albany, NY 12222 Hildebrand, John G., Arizona Research Laboratories. Division of

Neurobiology, 603 Gould-Simpson Science Building, University of Jacobs, Neil, Hale & Dorr, 60 State St.. Boston. MA 02019 Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 Jacobson, Antone G., Department of Zoology, University of Texas, Hill, Richard W., Department of Zoology. Michigan State University, Austin, TX 78712 E. Lansing, MI 48824 Jaffe, Lionel, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA 02543 Hill, Susan D., Department of Zoology, Michigan State University, E. Jannasch, Holger W., Department of Biology, Woods Hole Lansing, MI 48824 Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole. MA 02543 Hillis-Colinvaux, Llewellya, Department of Zoology, Ohio State Jeffery, William R., Bodega Marine Laboratory. Box 247, Bodega University, 1735 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210 Bay, CA 94923 I lillman. Peter, Department of Biology. Life Sciences & Jones, Meredith L., Division of Worms, Museum of Natural History, Neurobiology. Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904. Israel Smithsonian Institution. Washington, DC 20560 Hinegardner, Ralph T., Division of Natural Sciences, University of Josephson, Robert K., Department of Biological Sciences, University California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 of California, Irvine, CA 92717 Members of the Corporation 59

Kabat, E. A., Department of Microbiology, College of Physicians and kuhns, William ,1., Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Surgeons, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St., New York, Biochemistry Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada NY 10032 kuhtruiber, Willem M., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. Kaley, Gabor, Department of Physiology, Basic Sciences Building, MA 02543 New York Medical College. Valhalla, NY 10595 kusano, kiyoshi, NIH. Bldg. 36. Room 4D-20, Bethesda. MD 20892 kaltenbach, Jane, Department of Biological Sciences, Mount Holyoke kuzirian, Alan M., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA College. South Hadley, MA 01075 02543 kaminer. Benjamin, Department of Physiology. School of Medicine, Boston University, 80 East Concord St., Boston. MA 021 IS Kane, Robert E., PBRC. University of Hawaii. 41 Ahui St., Honolulu. Laderman. Aimlee, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 HI 96813 LaMarche, Paul H., Eastern Maine Medical Center. 489 State St., kaneshiro, Edna S., Department of Biological Sciences. University of Bangor. ME 04401

Cincinnati. Cincinnati. OH 45221 I ainlis. Dennis M. D., Department of Developmental Genetics and kao, Chien-yuan, Department of Pharmacology, Box 29, SUNY, Anatomy, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Downstate Medical Center. 450 Clarkson Avenue. Brooklyn. NY Cleveland. OH 44106 11203 Landowne, David, Department of Physiology. P. O. Box 016430, kaplan, Ehud, Department of Biophysics. The Rockefeller University, University of Miami School ot Medicine. Miami. FL 33101 1230 York Ave., New York, NY 10024 Langford, George M., Department of Physiology. CB7545 University karakashian, Stephen J., Apt. 16-F. 165 West 91st St., New York. of North Carolina School of Medicine. Chapel Hill. NC 27599-7545 NY 10024 Laster, Leonard, University of Massachusetts Medical School. 55 Lake km INI. Arthur, Department of Biochemistry and Neurology, Avenue. North, Worcester. MA 01655 Columbia University. 630 West 168th St.. New York, NY 10032 Laufer, Hans. Department of Biological Science, Molecular and Cell Katz, George M., Fundamental and Experimental Research Labs. Biology, Group U-125, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268 Merck Sharp and Dohme. P. O. Box 2000. Rahway. NJ 07065 Lazarow, Paul B., Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Mount kelly, Robert E., Department of Anatomy. College of Medicine. Sinai Medical School. Box 1007, 5th Avenue & 100th Street, New University of Illinois. P. O. Box 6998. Chicago, IL 60680 York, NY 10021 kemp, Norman E., Department of Biology, University of Michigan, Lazarus, Maurice, Federated Department Stores, Inc.. Sears Cresent, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 City Hall Plaza. Boston. MA 02108 kendall, John P., Faneuil Hall Associates, 176 Federal Street, 2nd Leadbetter, Edward R., Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Floor, Boston, MA 02110 U-131, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06268 kendall, Richard E., Commissioner of Environmental Management, Lederbcrg, Joshua, The Rockefeller LIniversity, 1230 York Ave.. New 100 Cambridge Street, Room 1905, Boston, MA 02202 York. NY 10021 kerr, Louis M., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Lee, John J., Department of Biology, City College of CLINY,

02543 Convent Ave. and 138th St.. New York, NY 10031 keynan, Alexander, Hebrew University. Jerusalem, Israel Lehy, Donald B., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA kiehart, Daniel P., Department of Cellular and Developmental 02543 Biology, Harvard University. 16 Divinity Street, Cambridge, MA Leibovitz, Louis, 3 Kettle Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543 02138 Leighton, Joseph, 2324 Lakeshore Avenue. #2, Oakland, CA 94606 kirk, Mark D., Division of Biological Sciences. University of Leighton, Stephen, NIH, Bldg. 13 3WI3, Bethesda. MD 20892

Missouri, Columbia, MO 652 I 1 Leinwand, Leslie Ann, Department of Microbiology and Immunology.

klein, Morton, Department of Microbiology, Temple University Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1 300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, Medical School, Philadelphia, PA 19103 NY 10461 klotz, Irving M., Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Lerman, Sidney, Eye Research Lab. Room 41, New York Medical Evanston. IL 60201 College, 100 Grasslands Ave., Valhalla. NY 10595 knudson, Robert A., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Lerner, Aaron B., Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, 02543 CT06510

koide, Samuel S., Population Council, The Rockefeller University, Lester, Henry A., 156-29 California Institute of Technology, 156-29, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021 Pasadena, CA 91 125

kornberg. Sir Hans, The Master's Lodge, Christ's College. Cambridge Levin, Jack, Veterans Administration Medical Center, I 13 A. 4150

CB2 3BU. England. UK Clement St., San Francisco, CA 94 1 2 1 kosower, Edward M., Ramat-Aviv. Tel Aviv, 69978 Israel Levinthal, Cyrus, Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia

University. and 1 16th Street. New York. NY 10026 krahl, M. E., 2783 W. Casas Circle. Tucson, AZ 85741 Broadway (deceased) krane, Stephen M., Arthritis Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Levitan, Herbert, Department of Zoology, University of Maryland, Fruit Street, Boston, MA 021 14 College Park, MD 20742 krauss, Robert, FASEB, 9650 Rockville Pike, Bethesda. MD 20814 Levitan, Irwin B., Department of Biochemistry, Brandeis University, Edward of Harvard Medical kravitz, A., Department Neurobiology. Waltham, MA 02254

School, 220 Ave., Boston, 02 1 1 5 Longwood MA \\ Linck, Richard '., Department of Anatomy, Jackson Hall, University kriebel, Mahlon E., of Health Science Department Physiology, SUNY of Minnesota, 321 Church Street. S. E., Minneapolis. MN 55455 Center, Syracuse, NY 13210 Lipicky, Raymond J., Department of Cardio-Renal/Drug Prod. Div., kristan, William B., Jr., Department of Biology B-022, University of FDA, Rm. 16B-45, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857 California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 Lisman, John E., Department of Biology, Brandeis LIniversity, kropinski, Andrew M. B., Department of Microbiology/Immunology, Waltham, MA 02254 Queen's University. Kingston. Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada Liuzzi, Anthony, 55 Fay Rd., Box 184. Woods Hole. MA 02543 60 Annual Report

Robert of Box 19498. Llinas. Rodolfo R., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, New McMahon, F., Department Biology. University of 76019 York University Medical Center. 550 First Ave., New York, NY Texas. Arlington. TX 10016 Meedel, Thomas, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Loew, Franklin M., Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, 02543 200 Westboro Rd.. N. Grafton. MA 01536 Meinert/hagen, Ian A., Department of Psychology, Life Sciences R- Center. Dalhousie Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 451. Loewenstein, Birgit R., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University, 430. University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101 Canada 94541 Loewenstein, Werner R., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Meiss, Dennis E., 462 Soland Avenue, Hayward, CA Marine University of Miami. P. O. Box 016430. Miami, FL 33101 Melillo, Jerry A., Ecosystems Center, Biological Laboratory, 02543 London, Irving M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, E-25-551. Woods Hole, MA of Gilmer Hall. Cambridge, MA 02 139 Mellon, DeForest, Jr., Department Biology. of Charlottesville, VA 22903 Longo, Frank J., Department of Anatomy, University of Iowa, Iowa University Virginia, Richard P. O. Box 187. PA 15655 City. IA 52442 Mellon, P., Laughlintown. of Lorand, Laszlo, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Metu/.als, Janis, Department of Pathology. University Ottawa, Northwestern University, 2153 Sheridan Road. Evanston, IL 60208 Ottawa, Ontario, K1H 8M5 Canada Luckenbill-Edds, Louise, 155 Columbia Ave., Athens, OH 45701 Metz, Charles B., 7220 SW 124th St.. Miami. FL 33156 of of Iowa Luria, Salvador E., 48 Peacock Farm Rd., Lexington, MA 02173 Milkman, Roger, Department Biology. University Iowa, (deceased) City, IA 52242 Mills, Robert, 10315 44th Avenue. W 12 H Street. Bradenton. FL

Macagno, Lduardo R., 1003B Fairchild, Department of Biosciences, 33507-1535 29 Oxford Street. Columbia University. New York. NY 10027 Mitchell. Ralph, DAS. Harvard University, MacNichol, E. F., Jr., Department of Physiology. Boston University Cambridge. MA 02 1 38 School of Medicine, 80 E. Concord St., Boston, MA 021 18 Miyamoto, David M., Department of Biology. Drew University, Maglott-Duffield, Donna R., American Type Culture Collection, Madison, NJ 07940 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, MD 20852-1776 Mizell, Merle, Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Tulane University, Maienschein, Jane Ann, Department of Philosophy. Arizona State New Orleans, LA 70118 of Box 3209, Duke University, Tempe, AZ 85287-2004 Moore, John W., Department Neurobiology, Mainer, Robert, The Boston Company, One Boston Place. OBP-15-D, University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710 Boston. MA 02 168 Moore, Lee E., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University 77550 Malbon, Craig Curtis, Department of Pharmacology. Health Sciences of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX of of California, Center, SUNY. Stony Brook, NY 1 1744-8651 Morin, James G., Department Biology, University Manalis, Richard S., Department of Biological Sciences, Indiana Los Angeles, CA 90024 of Science. Rush Medical University Purdue University at Fort Wayne, 2101 Coliseum Murrell, Frank, Department Neurological IL 60612 Blvd.. E. Fort Wayne. IN 46805 Center. 1753 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, M. Marine Science Center, Northeastern Mangum, Charlotte P., Department of Biology, College of William Morse, Patricia, University, 01 908 and Mary. Williamsburg, VA 23185 Nahant, MA 02556 Manz, Robert D., Helmer and Associates, Suite 1310. 950 Winter St., Morse, Robert W., Box 574. N. Falmouth. MA Walthan, MA 02 154 Morse, Stephen Scott, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., Margulis, Lynn, Botany Department, University of Massachusetts. Box 2. New York, NY 10021-6399 Mornll Science Center. Amherst. MA 01003 Mote, Michael I., Department of Biology. Temple University. Marinucci, Andrew C, 102 Nancy Dnve, Mercerville, NJ 08619 Philadelphia. PA 19122 Vinson Hall #112, 6251 Old Dominion Drive, Marsh, Julian B., Department of Biochemistry and Physiology. Mountain, Isabel, VA 22101 Medical College of Pennsylvania, 3300 Henry Ave., Philadelphia. McLean, PA 19129 Muller, Kenneth J., Department of Physiology and Biophysics. of Miami School of Medicine. Miami. FL 33101 Martin, Lowell V'., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA University 02543 Murray, Sandra Ann, Department of Neurology, Anatomy and Cell School of Medicine, Martinez-Palomo, Adolfo, Seccion de Patologia Experimental, Science, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, Cinvesav-ipn, 07000 Mexico. D.F. A. P.. 140740, Mexico PA 15261 Maser, Morton, Woods Hole Education Assoc., P. O. Box EM. Musacchia, Xavier J., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Woods Hole. MA 02543 University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292

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Nasatir, Maimon, Department of Biology. University of Toledo, Pethig, Ronald, School of Electronic Engineering Science, University Toledo. OH 43606 College of N. Wales. Dean St., Bangor, Gwynedd. LL57 IUT, UK Nelson, Leonard, Department of Physiology. CS10008, Medical Pfohl. Ronald J., Department of Zoology. Miami University, Oxford. College of Ohio. Toledo, OH 43699 OH 45056

Nelson, Margaret C., Section of Neurohiology and Behavior. Cornell Pierce, Robert \V., 4851 Shore Lane. P. O. Box 1404, Boca Grande, University. Ithaca. NY 14850 FL 33921

Nicholls, John G., Biocenter. Klingelbergstrasse 70. Basel 4056. Pierce, Sidney K., Jr., Department of Zoology, University of Switzerland Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 Nickerson, Peter A., Department of Pathology, SUNY, Buffalo. NY Poindexter, Jeanne S., Science Division, Long Island University.

14214 Brooklyn Campus, Brooklyn, NY 1 1201 Nicosia, Santo V., Department of Pathology. University of South Pollard. Harvey B., NIH, NIDDK.D. Bldg. 8, Rm. 401, Bethesda, MD Florida. College of Medicine. Box 11. 12901 North 30th St., 20892 Tampa. FL 33612 Pollard, Thomas D., Department ot Cell Biology and Anatomy. Johns Noe, Bryan D., Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Emory Hopkins University, 725 North Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21205 University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 Poole, Alan F., P. O. Box 533, Woods Hole. MA 02543 Northcutt, R. Glenn, Department of Neuroscience, A-001. Scripps Porter, Beverly H., 13617 Glenoble Drive, Rockville. MD 20853 Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA 92093-0201 Porter, Keith R., Department of Biology, Leidy Laboratories, Rm. Norton, Catherine N., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. 303, University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia. PA 19104-6018 MA 02543 Porter, Mary E., Department of Cell Biology and Neurology, Llniversity of Minnesota, 4-147 Jackson Hall, Minneapolis, MN Obaid, Ana Lia, Department of Physiology and Pharmacy, University 55455 of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, B-400 Richards Bldg. Potter. David, Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Philadelphia. PA 19104-6085 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 021 15 Oertel, Donata, Department of Neurophysiology. University of Potts, William T., Department of Biology, University of Lancaster. Wisconsin. 281 Medical Science Bldg.. Madison. WI 53706 Lancaster. England. UK O'Herron, Jonathan, 45 Swifts Lane. Darien. CT 06820 Powers, Maureen K., Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt Ohki, Shinpei, Department of Biophysical Sciences, SUNY at Buffalo, Llniversity. Nashville. TN 37240 224 Can Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214 Pratt. Melanie M., Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Olins, Ada L., University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge. Graduate School University of Miami School of Medicine (R124), P. O. Box 016960, of Biomedical Sciences, Biology Division ORNL, P. O. Box 2009, Miami, FL 33101 Oak Ridge. TN 37831-8077 Prendergast, Robert A., Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Olins, Donald E., University of Tennessee-Oak Ridge, Graduate 601 N. Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205

School of Biomedical Sciences. Biology Division ORNL, P. O. Box Presley, Phillip H., Carl Zeiss. Inc., I Zeiss Drive. Thornwood. NY 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-8077 10594 O'Melia. Anne F., 16 Evergreen Lane, Chappaqua, New York 10514 Price. Carl A., Waksman Institute of Microbiology, Rutgers Oschman, James L., 31 Whittier Street, Dover, NH 03820 University, P. O. Box 759, Piscataway, NJ 08854 Prior. David J., Department of Biological Sciences. NAU Box 5640,

Palazzo, Robert E., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. MA Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 8601 1 02543 Prusch, Robert D., Department of Life Sciences, Gonzaga University, Palmer, John D., Department of Zoology, University of Spokane, WA 99258 Massachusetts. Amherst, MA 01002 Purves, Dale, Department of Neurobiology. Duke University Medical Palti, Yoram, Rappaport Institution, Technion, POB 9697, Haifa, School, Box 3209, Durham, NC 27710 31096 Israel

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School. Boston. MA 02 1 1 5 Pardy, Roosevelt L., School of Life Sciences. University of Nebraska. V\ Lincoln, NE 68588 Rabb, Irving ., 1010 Memonal Drive. Cambridge, MA 02138 Parmentier, James L., Becton Dickinson Research Center. P. O. Box Rabin, Harvey, DuPont Co., CRD. Exp. Station 328/358, 12016, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 Wilmington. DE 19880 Passano, Leonard M., Department of Zoology. Birge Hall, University Rabinowitz, Michael B., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 MA 02543 Pearlman, Alan L., Department of Physiology, School of Medicine. Rafferty, Nancy S., Department of Anatomy. Northwestern Washington University, St. Louis. MO 631 10 University Medical School, 303 E. Chicago Avenue, Chicago, IL Pederson, Thoru, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, 60611 Shrewsbury, MA 01 545 Rakowski, Robert K., Department of Physiology and Biophysics. Perkins, C. D., 400 Hilltop Terrace, Alexandria. VA 22301 UHS/The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Greenbay Rd.. N. Person, Philip, Research Testing Labs. Inc., 167 E. 2nd St.. Chicago, IL 60064

Huntington Station, NY 1 1746 Ramon, Fidel, Dept. de Fisiologia y Bionsca, Centre de Investigacion y Peterson, Bruce J., Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, de Estudius Avanzados del ipn, Apurtado Postal 14-740. D.F. Woods Hole, MA 02543 07000, Mexico 62 Annual Report

Rabb, Irving VV., 1010 Memorial Drive. Cambridge, MA 02138 Russell-Hunter, \V. D., Department of Biology. Lyman Hall 012, Rabin, Harvey, DuPont Co., CRD, Exp. Station 328/358, Syracuse University, Syracuse. NY 13244 Wilmington, DE 19880 Rabinowitz, Michael B., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. Saffo, Mary Beth, Institute of Marine Sciences. 272 Applied Sciences. MA 02543 University of California, Santa Cruz. CA 95064 Rafferty, Nancy S., Department of Anatomy, Northwestern Sager, Ruth, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., Boston. University Medical School, 303 E. Chicago Avenue. Chicago, IL MA 021 15 60611 Salama, Guy, Department of Physiology, University of Pittsburgh, Rakowski, Robert F., Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Pittsburgh. PA 15261 UHS/The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Greenbay Rd., N. Salmon, Edward D., Department of Biology. Wilson Hall, CB3280, Chicago, IL 60064 University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 Ramon, Fidel, Dept. de Fisiologia y Bionsca. Centra de Investigacion y Salzberg, Brian M., Department of Physiology, University of de Estudius Avanzados del ipn. Apurtado Postal 14-740, D.F. Pennsylvania. B-400 Richards Bldg.. Philadelphia. PA 19104-6085

07000, Mexico Sanborn, Richard C., 1 1 Oak Ridge Road. Teaticket, MA 02536 Ranzi, Silvio, Sez Zoologia Sc Nat, Via Coloria 26, 120133. Milano. Sanger, Jean M., Department of Anatomy. School of Medicine. Italy University of Pennsylvania, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia. Rastetter, Edward B., Ecosystems Center. Marine Biological PA 19174 Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Sanger, Joseph, Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Ratner, Sarah, Department of Biochemistry, Public Health Research University of Pennsylvania. 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Institute. 455 First Ave., New York. NY 100 Id PA 19174

Rebhun, Lionel I., Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall. L'niversity of Sato, Hidemi, Faculty of Social Science, Nagano University, 22901 Virginia, Charlottesville, VA Shiminogo, Ueda, Nagano 386- 1 2, Japan Reddan, John R., Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland Sattelle, David B., AFRC Llnit-Department of Zoology, University of University, Rochester, MI 48309-4401 Cambridge. Downing St.. Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England, UK Barbara 36, 9000 Reese, F., NINCDS/NIH, Bldg. Room 3B26, Saunders, John \\ ., Jr.. P. O. Box 381. Waquoit Station. Waquoit. Rockville Pike. Bethesda, MD 20892 MA 02536 Reese, Thomas S., NINCDS/NIH, Bldg. 36. Room 2A27. 9000 Saz, Arthur K., Department of Immunology. Georgetown University Rockville Pike. Bethesda. MD 20892 Medical School, Washington. DC 20007

Reiner, John M., 1 1 1 Emerson St.. Apt. 623. Denver, CO 80218 Schachman, Howard K., Department of Molecular Biology, University Reinisch, Carol L., Tufts University School of Veterinary Medicine, of California, Berkeley. CA 94720

136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 021 I I Schalten, Gerald P., Integrated Microscopy Facility for Biomedical

of Jadwin Princeton 1 Reynolds, George T., Department Physics, Hall, Research. University of Wisconsin. 1 17 W. Johnson St.. Madison, University. Princeton, NJ 08544 WI 53706 Rice, Robert V.. 30 Burnham Dr., Falmouth. MA 02540 Schatten, Heide, Department of Zoology, University of Wisconsin. Rich, Alexander, Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Madison, WI 53706

Technology, Cambridge, MA 02 1 39 Schiff, Jerome A., Institute for Photobiology of Cells and Organelles, Rickles. Frederick R., Department of Medicine. Division of Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02254 Hematology-Oncology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Schmeer, Arline C., Mercenene Cancer Research Institute, Hospital of

Farmmgton, CT 06032 Saint Raphael, New Haven. CT 0651 1 Ripps, Harris, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Illinois Schmidek, Henry H., Henry Ford Neurosurgical Institute. Henry Ford College of Medicine, 1855 W. Taylor Street, Chicago, IL 6061 1 Hospital. Detroit. MI 48202 Robinson, Denis M., 200 Ocean Lane Drive #908. Key Biscayne, FL Schnapp, Bruce J., Department of Physiology, Boston University

33149 Medical School, 80 East Concord Street. Boston. MA 02 1 1 8 Rosenbaum, Joel L., Department of Biology, Kline Biology Tower. Schneider, E. Gayle, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Yale Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520 University School of Medicine. 333 Cedar St.. New Haven, CT Rosenberg, Philip, School of Pharmacy. Division of Pharmacology, 06510 University of Connecticut. Storrs. CT 06268 Schneiderman, Howard A., Monsanto Company. 800 North Rosenbluth, Jack, Department of Physiology. New York University Lindbergh Blvd., D1W. St. Louis, MO 63166 (deceased) School of Medicine. 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016 Schuel, Herbert, Department of Anatomical Sciences, SUNY, Buffalo, Rosenbluth, Raja, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser Buffalo. NY 14214 University. Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada Schuetz, Allen W., School of Hygiene and Public Health, Johns Roslansky, John, Box 208, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205 Roslansky, Priscilla F., Box 208, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Schwartz. James H., Center for Neurobiology and Behavior. New Ross, William N., Department of Physiology. New York Medical York State Psychiatric Institute Research Annex. 722 W. 168th

College, Valhalla, NY 10595 St., 7th Floor. New York, NY 10032 Roth, Jay S., 18 Millneld Street, P. O. Box 285, Woods Hole. MA Scofield, Virginia Lee, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, 02543 UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90024 Lewis 710 West 168th Rowland. P., Neurological Institute. St., New Scott, Allan C., 1 Nudd St., Waterville, ME 04901 York, NY 10032 Sears, Mary, P. O. Box 152. Woods Hole, MA 02543 Ruderman, Joan V'., Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Segal, Sheldon J., Population Division, The Rockefeller Foundation, Harvard 021 15 University School of Medicine, Boston. MA 1 133 Avenue of the Americas, New York. NY 10036

Rushforth, Norman B., Department of Biology, Case Western Reserve Selman, Kelly, Department of Anatomy. College of Medicine. University, Cleveland, OH 44106 University of Honda. Gainesville. FL 32601 Members of the Corporation 63

Shanklin, Douglas R., Department of Pathology, Room 584, Steinacker, Antoinette, Dept. of Otolaryngology, Washington University of Tennessee College of Medicine, 800 Madison Avenue, University. School of Medicine, Box 8115. 4566 Scott Avenue, St. Memphis, TN 38163 Louis, MO 63 110 Shapiro, Herbert, 6025 North 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19141 Steinberg, Malcolm. Department of Biology, Princeton University, Shaver, Gaius R., Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory, Princeton, NJ 08540 Woods Hole, MA 02543 Stephens, Grover C., Department of Ecol. and Evol. Biology, School Shaver, John R., 18 Las Parras, Cayey, PR 00633 of Biological Sciences. University of California. Irvine, CA 92717 Sheetz, Michael P., Department of Cell Biology and Physiology. Stephens, Raymond E., Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, Washington LIniversity Medical School. 606 S. Euclid Ave., St. MA 02543

Louis, MO 63 110 Stetten, DeWitt, Jr., NIH, Bldg. 16, Room 1 18, Bethesda, MD 20892 Shepard, David C, P. O. Box 44, Woods Hole, MA 02543 (deceased) Shepro, David, Department of Microvascular Research, Boston Stetten, Jane Lazarow, 4701 Willard Ave., Chevy Chase, MD 20815 University, 5 Cummington St.. Boston. MA 02215 Steudler, Paul A., Ecosystems Center, Marine Biological Laboratory. Sher, F. Alan, Immunology and Cell Biology Section. NIAID/NIH. Woods Hole, MA 02543

Laboratory of Parasitic Disease, Building 5, Room 1 1 4, Bethesda, Stokes, Darrell R., Department of Biology. Emory University, MD 20892 Atlanta, GA 30322

Sheridan, William F., Biology Department, LIniversity of North Stommel, Elijah W., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Dakota, Box 8238, University Station, Grand Forks, ND 58202- 02543 8238 Stracher, Alfred, Department of Biochemistry. SUNY Health Science

Sherman, I. W., Department of Biology, LIniversity of California. Center, 450 Clarkson Ave.. Brooklyn, NY 1 1203

Riverside, CA 92521 Strehler, Bernard L., 2235 25th St., #217. San Pedro. CA 90732 Shimomura, Osamu, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Strickler, J. Rudi, Center for Great Lakes Studies. 600 East Greenfield 02543 Ave., Milwaukee, WI 53204 Siegel, Irwin M., Department of Ophthalmology, New York Strumasser, Felix, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York. NY 02543 10016 Stuart, Ann E., Department of Physiology, Medical Sciences Research Siegelman, Harold W., Department of Biology. Brookhaven National Wing 206H. University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-

Laboratory, Upton, NY 1 1973 7545 Silver, Robert B., Department of Physiology. Cornell University, 822 Sugimori, Mutsuyuki, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, New Veterinary Research Tower, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401 York University Medical Center, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY Sjodin, Raymond A., Department of Biophysics, University of 10016 Maryland, Baltimore. MD 21201 Summers, William C., Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Skinner, Dorothy M., Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225 2009, Biology Division, Oak Ridge. TN 37831 Suprenant, Kathy A., Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Sloboda, Roger D., Department of Biological Sciences. Dartmouth 4010 Haworth Hall. University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 College. Hanover, NH 03755 Sussman, Maurice, 72 Carey Lane, Falmouth. MA 02540 Sluder, Greenfield, Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, Sussman, Raquel B., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA

222 Maple Ave.. Shrewsbury. MA 1 545 02543

Smith, Michael A., J 1 Sinabung, Buntu #7. Semarang, Java, Sweet, Frederick, Box 8064, Washington University School of Indonesia Medicine. 499 South Euclid, St. Louis. MO 631 10

Smith, Ralph I., Department of Zoology. LJniversity of California, Sydlik, Mary Anne, Department of Biology, Eastern Michigan Berkeley. CA 94720 University, Ypsilanti, MI 48197 Sogin, Mitchell, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole, MA Szent-Gyorgyi, Andrew, Department of Biology. Brandeis University, 02543 Bassine 244. 415 South Street. Waltham, MA 02254 Sorenson, Martha M., Depto de Bioquimica-RFRJ. Centro de Szuts, Ete Z., Laboratory of Sensory Physiology, Marine Biological Ciencias da Saude-I. C. B., Cidade Universitaria-Fundad, Rio de Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA 02543 Janeiro, Brasil 21.910

Speck, William T., Department of Pediatrics. Case Western Reserve Tabares, Lucia, AVDA. Department of Physiology, Sanchez, Pizjuan University, Cleveland, OH 44106 4, 411009 Seville, Spain Spector, Abraham, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia Tamm, Sidney L., Boston University Marine Program. Marine University, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole. MA 02543 Speer, John W., Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA Tanzer, Marvin L., Department of Oral Biology, Medical School, 02543 University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT 06032

Sperelakis, Nicholas, Department of Physiology & Biophysics, Tasaki, Ichiji, Laboratory of Neurobiology, NIMH/NIH, Bldg. 36, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0576 Rm. 2B-16. Bethesda, MD 20892 Spiegel, Evelyn, Department of Biological Sciences, Dartmouth Taylor, Douglass L., Center for Fluorescence Research, Carnegie College, Hanover, NH 03755 Mellon University, 440 Fifth Avenue. Pittsburgh, PA 15213 Spiegel, Melvin, Department of Biological Sciences. Dartmouth Teal, John M., Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic College, Hanover, NH 03755 Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Spray, David C., Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Telfer, \\ illiam H., Department of Biology, University of Neurosciences. 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 Pennsylvania, Philadelphia. PA 19104 John Hole Steele, Hyslop, Woods Oceanographic Institution, Woods Telzer, Bruce, Department of Biology, Pomona College, Claremont,

Hole, MA 02543 CA 9 1 7 1 I 64 Annual Report

Thorndike, W. Nicholas, Wellington Management Company. 28 State Waxman, Stephen G., Department of Neurology, LCI 708. Yale St., Boston. MA 02 109 School of Medicine. 333 Cedar Street. New Haven. CT 06510 Trager, William, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave., New York, Webb, H. Marguerite, Marine Biological Laboratory. Woods Hole. NY 10021 MA 02543 Travis, D. M., Veterans Administration Medical Center, 2101 Elm Weber, Annemarie, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Street, Fargo, ND 58102 School of Medicine. University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia. PA Treistman, Steven N., Worcester Foundation for Experimental 19066 Biology, 222 Maple Avenue, Shrewsbury, MA 01545 Weidner, Earl, Department of Zoology and Physiology, Louisiana

Trigg, D. Thomas, 1 25 Grove St.. Wellesley, MA 02 1 8 1 State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 Trinkaus, J. Philip, Department of Biology. Box 6666, Yale Weiss, Dieter G., Institut fur Zoologie. Technische Universitat

University, New Haven, CT 065 1 1 Munchen. 8046 Garching, FRG Troll, Walter, Department of Environmental Medicine, College of Weiss, Leon P., Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine. New York University. New York, NY 10016 Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Troxler, Robert F., Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Weiss, Paul A., Address unknown

Boston University. 80 East Concord St., Boston. MA 02 1 1 8 Weissmann, Gerald, New York University Medical Center. 550 First Tucker, Edward B., Department of Natural Sciences. Baruch College, Avenue. New York, NY 10016 CUNY, 17 Lexington Ave., New York, NY 10010 Werman, Robert, Neurobiology Unit, The Hebrew University, Turner, Ruth D., Mollusk Department, Museum of Comparative Jerusalem, Israel Zoology. Harvard University. Cambridge. MA 02138 Westerfield, R. Monte, The Institute of Neuroscience. LIniversity of Tvteedell, Kenyon S., Department of Biological Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403 Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46656 V\ hittaker, J. Richard, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Tytell. Michael. Department of Anatomy, Bowman Gray School of MA 02543 Medicine, Wake Forest University. Winston-Salem. NC 27103 Wigley, Roland L., 35 Wilson Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543

Wilson, Darcy B., Medical Biology Institute. I 1077 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla. CA 92037 Ueno, Hiroshi, Department of Biochemistry. The Rockefeller Wilson, T. Hastings. Department of Physiology, Harvard Medical University. 1230 York Ave.. New York. NY 10021 School, Boston, MA 02 1 1 5 \\ilkovsky, Paul, Department of Ophthalmology, New York University Medical Center, 550 First Ave., New York, NY 10016 Valiela, Ivan, Boston University Marine Program, Marine Biological Jonathan of and Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 Wittenberg, B., Department Physiology Biophysics, Albert Einstein 1300 Morris Park Ave.. Bronx, NY 01461 Vallee, Richard, Cell Biology Group. Worcester Foundation for College, Wolfe, of 131 Burrill Hall, Experimental Biology, Shrewsbury, MA 01545 Ralph, Department Microbiology, of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 Valois, John, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543 University \\olken, Jerome J.. of Biological Sciences. Carnegie Van Holde, kensal. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics. Department Mellon 440 Fifth Ave.. PA 15213 Oregon State University. Corvallis, OR 97331-6503 University, Pittsburgh, Basil V., of Columbia Vincent, Walter S., 16 F. R. Lillie Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543 \\orgul, Department Ophthalmology, 630 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032 Vogel, Steven S., LBM, NIDDK/NIH, Bldg. 10, Rm. 9B04. Bethesda. University, MD 20894 W'u, Chau Hsiung, Department of Pharmacology. Northwestern

LIniversity Medical School, Chicago, IL 6061 1 Wyttenbach, Charles R., Department of Physiology and Cell Biology. Waksman, Byron, Foundation for Microbiology. 300 East 54th St.. University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045 New York, NY 10022

Wall, Betty, 9 George St.. Woods Hole. MA 02543 Yeh, Jay Z., Department of Pharmacology. Northwestern University

Wallace, Robin A., Whitney Laboratory, 9505 Ocean Shore Blvd., St. Medical School. Chicago. IL 6061 1 Augustine, FL 32086 Wang, Ching Chung, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Zigman, Seymour, School of Medicine and Dentistry. LIniversity of University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 Rochester. 260 Cnttenden Blvd., Rochester, NY 14620 Warner, Robert C., Department of Molecular Biology and Zigmond, Richard E., Center for Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Biochemistry. University of California, Irvine, CA 92717 Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland. OH 44106 Warren, Kenneth S., Maxwell Communications Corp., 866 Third Zimmerberg, Joshua J., NIH, Bldg. 12A. Room 2007, Bethesda, MD Avenue. New York. NY 10022 20892

Warren, Leonard, Wistar Institute, 36th and Spruce Streets, Zottoli, Steven J., Department of Biology. Williams College, Philadelphia, PA 19104 Williamstown, MA 01267 \\aterbury, John B., Department of Biology. Woods Hole Zucker, Robert S., Neurobiology Division, Department of Molecular Oceanographtc Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543 and Cellular Biology, University of California. Berkeley, CA 94720 Watson, Stanley, Associates of Cape Cod, Inc., P. O. Box 224, Woods Zukin, Ruth Suzanne, Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein Hole, MA 02543 College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461

Associate Members

Ackroyd, Dr. Frederick W. Allard. Dr. Dean C.. Jr. Anderson, Mr. J. Gregory Antonucci. Dr. Robert V. Adams, Dr. Paul Allen, Miss Camilla K. Anderson. Drs. James L. and Armstrong. Dr. and Mrs. Samuel Adelberg, Mrs. Edward A. Allen. Dr. Nina S. Helene M. C. Ahearn. Mr. and Mrs. David Allison. Mr. and Mrs. Douglas F. Anderson. Mr. and Mrs. Seneca Arnold, Mrs. Lois

Alden, Mr. John M. Amon. Mr. Carl H. Jr. Andrews. Dr. Edwin J. Arvin, Ms. Kara L. Members of the Corporation 65

Ashworth, Mr. and Mrs. Henry Buxton. Mr. and Mrs. Bruce E. Crossley. Miss Helen Garfield, Miss Eleanor Aspinwall. Mr. and Mrs. Duncan Buxton. Mr. E. Brewster Crowell. Dr. and Mrs. Sears Gault, Ms. Christine Atwood. Dr. and Mrs. Kimball Cadwalader, Mr. George Cumer, Mr. and Mrs. David L. Gellis, Dr. and Mrs. Sydney Jr. Mr. and Mrs. Mr. C . Ill Calkins, Mr. G. N., Daignault, Gephard. Stephen Ayers. Mrs. Donald Campbell, Mrs. David G. Alexander T. Gerhard, Mrs. Sylvia K. Backus, Mrs. Nell Carlson. Dr. and Mrs. Francis Daniels, Mr. and Mrs. Bruce G. German. Dr. and Mrs. James L., Eagles, Mr. Everett E. Carlton, Mr. and Mrs. Winslow Davidson. Dr. Morton Ill Baker, Mrs. C. L. G. Davis, Mr. and Mrs. Joel P. Gewecke, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas

Ball, Mrs. Enc G. Case. Mrs. Barbara L. Day. Mr. and Mrs. Pomeroy H. Ballantine, Dr. and Mrs. H. T., Case. Mrs. James Decker. Dr. Raymond F. Giffbrd, Mr. and Mrs. Cameron

Jr. Chaet. Mrs. Alfred DeMello, Mr. John Gilford. Dr. and Mrs. Prosser Bang, Mrs. Frederik B. Chandler, Mr. Robert DiBerardino, Dr. Marie A. Gilbert, Drs. Daniel L. and Bang. Miss Molly Chase. Mr. Thomas H. DiCecca, Dr. and Mrs. Charles Claire Banks. Ms. Jamie Chevalier. Mr. Randall H. Dickson. Dr. William A. Gildea, Dr. Margaret C. L. Banks, Mr. and Mrs. William L. Child. Dr. and Mrs. Frank M., Dierolf. Dr. Shirley H. Gillette. Mr. and Mrs. Robert S. Barlow, Dr. and Mrs. Robert B. Ill Donnette, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Glad, Mr. Robert

Jr. Chisholm, Dr. Sallie W. Donovan. Mr. David L. Glass. Dr. and Mrs. H. Bentley Barrows. Mrs. Albert W. Church. Dr. Wesley Dorman. Dr. and Mrs. Craig Glazebrook, Mr. James G. Bator. Mrs. Frances B. Claff, Mr. and Mrs. Mark Dreyer. Mrs. Frank Glazebrook. Mrs. James R. Baum. Mr. Richard T. Clark, Dr. and Mrs. Arnold M. Drummey. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Glenn, Mr. Gary Baylor, Drs. Edward and Martha Clark. Mr. and Mrs. Hays E. Gmeiner, Mr. and Mrs. John Beckman. Mrs. Barbara Clark, Mr. James McC. Drummey, Mr. Todd A. Goldman. Mrs. Mary Beers, Mrs. Yardley Clark, Mr. and Mrs. John DuBois, Dr. and Mrs. Arthur B. Goldring. Mr. Michael Belesir, Mr. Tasos Clark, Mr. and Mrs. Leroy, Jr. Dudley, Dr. Patricia Goldstein, Dr. and Mrs. Moise Bennett. Drs. Michael and Ruth Clark. Dr. Peter L. Dugan, Mr. and Mrs. William P. H., Jr. Berg, Mr. and Mrs. C. John Clarke, Dr. Barbara J. DuPont. Mr. A. Felix. Jr. Goodgal, Dr. Sol H. Bernheimer, Drs. Alan W. and Clement. Mrs. Anthony C. Dutton, Mr. and Mrs. Roderick Goodwin, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Harriet P. Cloud. Dr. Laurence P. L. Gould. Miss Edith Bernstein. Mr. and Mrs. Norman Clowes Fund, Inc. Ebert, Dr. and Mrs. James D. Grace, Miss Priscilla B.

Bicker. Mr. Alvin Clowes, Dr. and Mrs. Alexander Egloff. Dr. and Mrs. F. R. L. Grant, Mrs. Philip Bigelow. Mr. and Mrs. Robert O. W. Engles. Mr. and Mrs. George Grassle, Mrs. J. K. Bihrle, Dr. William Clowes. Mr. Allen W. Enos, Mr. Edward. Jr. Greene, Mrs. Davis Crane Bird, Mr. William R. Clowes, Mrs. G. H. A.. Jr. Eppel, Mr. and Mrs. Dudley Greenberg, Noah and Mosher, Bishop, Mrs. John Cobb, Dr. Jewel P. Epstein, Mr. and Mrs. Ray L. Diane Bleck. Dr. Thomas B. Coburn, Mr. and Mrs. Lawrence Estabrooks. Mr. Gordon C. Greer. Mr. and Mrs. W. H., Jr. Blumefeld, Ms. Olga Cohen, Mrs. Seymour S. Evans, Mr. and Mrs. Dudley Griffin. Mrs. Robert W. Boche, Mr. Robert Coleman, Drs. John and Annette Farley. Miss Joan Griffith. Dr. and Mrs. B. Herold Bodeen. Mr. and Mrs. George H. Collum. Mrs. Peter Farmer, Miss Mary Grosch, Dr. and Mrs. Daniel S. Faull. Mr. J. Horace. Jr. Gross. Mrs. Mona Boettiger. Dr. and Mrs. Edward Colt. Dr. LeBaron C.. Jr. G. Fausch, Mr. David Gunning, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Connell. Mr. and Mrs. W. J. Boettiger, Mrs. Julie Ferguson. Dr. and Mrs. James J.. Haakonsen, Dr. Harry O. Cook, Dr. and Mrs. Joseph Bolton. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas C. Jr. Hadamard, Dr. Antoine F. Cook. Dr. and Mrs. Paul W.. Jr. Bonn. Mr. Theodore H. Fisher, Mrs. B. C. Haigh. Mr. and Mrs. Richard H. Copel, Mrs. Marcia N. Borg, Dr. and Mrs. Alfred F. Fisher, Mr. Frederick S., Ill Hall, Mr. Peter A. Copeland. Dr. and Mrs. D. Borgese. Dr. and Mrs. Thomas Fisher. Dr. and Mrs. Saul H. Hall, Mr. Warren C. Eugene Bowles, Dr. and Mrs. Francis P. Fluck, Mr. Richard A. Halvorson. Dr. and Mrs. Harlyn Copeland. Mr. Frederick C. Bradley, Dr. and Mrs. Charles C. Folino. Mr. John W., Jr. O. Copeland, Mr. and Mrs. Preston Bradley, Mr. Richard Forbes, Mr. John M. Hamstrom, Miss Mary Elizabeth S. Brown. Ms. Cornelia Ford. Mr. John H. Harrington. Mr. Robert D., Jr. Mrs. P. Brown. Mrs. Frank A., Jr. Costello, Donald Fowlkes. Mr. Aaron Harrington. Mr. Robert B. Brown. Mr. James Cowan, Mr. and Mrs. James F., Francis, Mr. Lewis W., Jr. Harvey, Dr. and Mrs. Richard B. Brown. Mrs. Neil Ill Frenkel. Dr. Krystyna Hassett, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Brown, Mr. and Mrs. T. A. Cowan, Ms. Stacy Fnbourgh. Dr. James H. Hastings. Dr. and Mrs. J. Brown. Dr. and Mrs. Thornton Cowling, Mr. John Friendship Fund Woodland Browne. Dr. John M. Cowling, Dr. Vincent Fries. Dr. and Mrs. E. F. B. Hathaway. Ms. Elizabeth E. Broyles, Dr. Robert H. Crabb, Mr. and Mrs. David L. Frosch. Dr. and Mrs. Robert A. Haubrich, Mr. Robert R.

Buck, Dr. and Mrs. John B. Crain. Mr. and Mrs. Melvin C. Funkhouser. Dr. John J. Hay, Mr. John Mrs. Ian D. W. Dr. David S. Buckely, Mr. George D. Cramer, Mr. and Fye, Mrs. Paul M. Hays, Mr. D. Bunts. Mr. and Mrs. Frank E. Crane, Mrs. John O. Gabriel, Dr. and Mrs. Mordecai Heaney, John Burt, Mrs. Charles E. Crane, Josephine B., Foundation L. Hedberg. Mrs. Frances Burwell, Dr. and Mrs. E. Crane, Mr. Thomas S. Gagnon, Mr. Michael Hedberg, Dr. Mary Langdon Crosby, Miss Carol Gaiser. Mrs. David W. Hersey. Mrs. George L. Bush. Dr. Louise Cross, Mr. and Mrs. Norman C. Gallagher. Mr. Robert O. Hiatt. Dr. and Mrs. Howard

Butler, Dr. Dore Crossley, Miss Dorothy Garcia, Dr. Ignacio Hichar. Dr. Barbara 66 Annual Report

Hill, Mrs. Samuel E. Kroll, Dr. Peter Mastroianni, Dr. and Mrs. Luigi, Ott, Drs. Philip and Karen Hirschfeld, Mrs. Nathan B. Kufller, Mrs. Stephen W. Jr. Palmer, Mr. and Mrs. David Hobble, Dr. and Mrs. John Kutner, Dr. Lawrence Mather, Mr. and Mrs. Frank J., Pappas, Dr. and Mrs. George D. Hocker, Mr. and Mrs. Lon Laderman, Mr. and Mrs. Ezra Ill Park, Mr. and Mrs. Malcolm S. Hodge, Dr. and Mrs. Stuart Lafferty, Miss Nancy Matherly, Mr. and Mrs. Walter Parmenter, Dr. Charles Hodosh, Mrs. Helen Lahner, Mrs. Alta S. Matthiessen, Dr. and Mrs. G. C. Parmenter, Miss Carolyn L. Hokin, Mr. Richard Lakian, Mr. and Mrs. John Mauzerall. Mrs. Miriam J. Pearce, Dr. John B. Holmes, Mrs. George Larmon, Mr. Jay McClane. Mrs. Louise Pearson, Mrs. Oscar H. Hornor, Mr. Townsend Lash, Ms. Rebecca McCusker, Mr. and Mrs. Paul T. Peltz. Mr. and Mrs. William L. Horwitz, Dr. and Mrs. Norman Laster, Dr. and Mrs. Leonard McElroy, Mrs. Nella W. Pendergast, Mrs. Claudia H. Latham, Mrs. Eunice Mcllwain. Dr. Susan G. Pendleton, Dr. and Mrs. Murray Hoskin, Dr. and Mrs. Francis Laufer, Dr. and Mrs. Hans McMurtrie. Mrs. Cornelia E. C. G. Laufer, Jessica, and Weiss, Hanna Peri, Mr. and Mrs. John B Hough, Mr. John T. Malcolm Meigs, Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Perkins, Mr. and Mrs. Courtland Houston, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Laufer, Dr. Marc R. Meigs, Dr. and Mrs. J. Wister D. E. La Vigne, Mrs. Richard J. Melillo, Dr. and Mrs. Jerry M. Person, Dr. and Mrs. Philip Howard, Mrs. L. L. Lawrence, Mr. Frederick V. Mellon, Richard King, Trust Peters, Mr. and Mrs. Frederick S. Hoyle, Dr. Mernll C. Lawrence, Mr. William Mellon, Mr. and Mrs. Richard P. Peterson, Mr. and Mrs. E. Huckle, Mrs. Eleanor L. Leach, Dr. and Mrs. Berton J. Mendelson, Dr. Martin Gunnar Huettner, Ms. Susan A. Leatherbee, Mrs. John H. Metz, Dr. and Mrs. Charles B. Peterson, Mr. and Mrs. E. Joel

Huettner, Dr. and Mrs. Robert J. LeBlond. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Meyers, Mr. and Mrs. Richard Peterson, Mr. Raymond W. Hutchinson. Mr. Alan D. Leeson, Mr. and Mrs. A. Dix Miller. Dr. Daniel A. Petty, Mr. Richard F. Hyde, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson LeFevre, Dr. Marian E. Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Paul Pteiffer, Mr. and Mrs. John Ms. Hynes, Mr. and Mrs. Thomas J., Leffler, Dr. Charles W. Mills. Mrs. Margaret A. Plough. Frances Jr. Lehman. Miss Robin Mirro, Dr. Robert Plough. Mr. and Mrs. George H. Inoue. Dr. and Mrs. Shinya Lenher, Dr. and Mrs. Samuel Mixer, Mrs. Florence E. Plough, Mrs. Harold H. Issokson, Mr. and Mrs. Israel Leprohon. Mr. Joseph Mizell, Dr. and Mrs. Merle Pointe. Mr. Albert Jackson, Miss Elizabeth B. Levine, Mr. Joseph Monroy. Mrs. Alberto Pointe, Mr. Charles Jaffe, Dr. and Mrs. Ernst R. Levine, Dr. and Mrs. Rachmiel Montgomery, Dr. and Mrs. Porter, Dr. and Mrs. Keith R. Janney, Mrs. F. Wistar Levitz, Dr. Mortimer Charles H. Pothier, Dr. and Mrs. Aubrey Jewett, G. F.. Foundation Levy, Mr. and Mrs. Stephen R. Montgomery, Mrs. Raymond B. Press, Dr. Frank Jewett, Mr. and Mrs. G. F., Jr. Libbin, Mr. Edwin M. Moore, Drs. John and Betty Proskauer, Mr. Joseph H. Jewett, Mr. and Mrs. Raymond Light, Mr. and Mrs. Donald W. Morgan, Miss Amy Proskauer, Mr. Richard L. Lindner, Mr. Timothy P. Morse, Mrs. Charles L.. Jr. Prosser, Dr. and Mrs. C. Ladd Jones, Mrs. Barbara W. Little. Mrs. Elbert Morse, Dr. M. Patricia Psaledakis, Mr. Nicholas Jones, Mr. and Mrs. DeWitt C.. Livingstone, Mr. and Mrs. Moul. Mrs. Edwin T. Psychoyos, Dr. Alexandre

Ill Robert Munson, Mr. William Putnam, Mr. and Mrs. Allan Ray

Jones, Mr. and Mrs. Frederick, II Lloyd. Mr. and Mrs. James Murchelano, Dr. Robert Putnam, Mr. and Mrs. William Jones, Mr. Fredericks.. Ill Loeb, Mrs. Robert F. Murray, Mr. David M. A., Ill Jordan, Dr. and Mrs. Edwin P. Loessel, Mrs. Edward Myles-Tochko, Drs. Christina J. Rankin, Mrs. John Juterbock, Mrs. Barbara J. Londergan, Mr. Bob and John Raphael, Ms. Ellen S. Kaan, Dr. Helen W. Lovell. Mr. and Mrs. Holhs R. Nace, Dr. and Mrs. Paul Raymond, Dr. Samuel Kahn. Dr. Harry S. Lovering, Mr. Richard C. Nace, Mr. Paul F., Jr. Reese. Miss Bonnie Kahler, Mrs. Robert W. Low, Miss Doris Naugle, Mr. John E. Regis. Ms. A. Kathy Kaminer, Dr. and Mrs. Lowe, Dr. and Mrs. Charles LI. Neall, Mr. William G. Reingold, Mr. Stephen C. Benjamin Lowengard, Mrs. Joseph Nelson. Dr. and Mrs. Leonard Reynolds, Mrs. George Kanellopoulos, Mrs. Barbara Mackey. Mr. and Mrs. William Nelson, Dr. Pamela Reynolds, Dr. John L. Karplus. Mrs. Alan K. K. Newton. Mr. William E. Reynolds. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Karush, Dr. and Mrs. Fred MacLeish, Mrs. Margaret Nickerson. Mr. and Mrs. Frank M. Kavaru, Dr. Madhav MacNary, Mr. B. Glenn L. Rezmkoff, Mrs. Paul Kelleher. Mr. and Mrs. Paul R MacNichol. Dr. and Mrs. Norman, Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Ricca. Dr. and Mrs. Renato A.

Kendall. Mr. and Mrs. Richard Edward F.. Jr. E. Righter, Mr. and Mrs. Harold E. Maddigan, Mrs. Thomas Norman Foundation Riina, Mr. John R. Keosian, Mrs. Jessie Magee, Ms. Chris Norris, Mr. and Mrs. Barry Riley. Dr. Monica Keoughan, Miss Patricia Maher, Miss Anne Camille Norris, Mr. and Mrs. John A. Robb, Mrs. Alison A. Ketchum, Mrs. Paul Mahler, Mrs. Henry Norris, Mr. William Roberts, Miss Jean Mrs. L. Mrs. Norton. Mrs. Thomas J. Kinnard, Richard Mahler. Suzanne Roberts, Mr. Mervin F. Kirschenbaum, Mrs. Donald Mansworth, Miss Marie O'Connell, Dr. and Mrs. Clifford Robertson, Mrs. C. W. Kissam, Mr. and Mrs. William Manual, Dr. Isabelle Offenback, Dr. Jack A. Robinson. Dr. Denis M. M. Maples, Dr. Philip B. O'Herron, Mr. and Mrs. Robinson, Mr. John G. Kivy. Dr. and Mrs. Peter Marken, Mrs. Madeline Jonathan Mr. and Mrs. Marius Roller. Dr. Lewis R. Marsh. Dr. and Mrs. Julian Olszowka, Dr. Janice S. Robinson, A. Korgen, Dr. Ben J. Martyna. Mr. and Mrs. Joseph O'Neil, Mr. and Mrs. Barry T. Kraco, Ms. Karen C. O'Rand, Mr. and Mrs. Michael Root. Mrs. Walter S. Kravilz. Dr. and Mrs. Edward Mason, Mr. and Mrs. Appleton O'Sullivan, Dr. Renee Bennett Rosenthal. Miss Hilde Members of the Corporation 67

Leonard Roslansky, Drs. John and Sharp. Mr. and Mrs. Robert W. Swope, Mr. and Mrs. Gerard L Warren, Dr. and Mrs. Priscilla Shemin, Dr. and Mrs. David Szent-Gyo'rgyi, Dr. Andrew Watt, Mr. and Mrs. John B. Ross, Dr. and Mrs. Donald Shepro, Dr. and Mrs. David Taber, Mr. George H. Weeks, Mr. and Mrs. John T. Ross, Dr. Robert Sherblom. Dr. James P. Talamas-Rohana, Dr. Eduardo Weift'enbach, Dr. and Mrs. Ross. Dr. Virginia Sichel, Dr. Enid Taylor, Mr. James K. George Miss B. Roth, Dr. Stephen Siegel, Mr. and Mrs. Alvin Taylor. Dr. and Mrs. W. Weinstein. Nancy Rowan. Mr. Edward Simmons. Mr. Tim Randolph Weisberg, Mr. and Mrs. Alfred Rowe, Dr. Don Simon, Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Tietje, Mr. Emil D., Jr. M. Rowe, Mrs. William S. Singer, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel M. Timmins. Mrs. William Weissmann, Dr. and Mrs. Gerald Paul S. Rugh, Mrs. Roberts Smith, Drs. Frederick E. and Tochko, Dr. John S. Wheeler, Dr. and Mrs. Dr. William Ryder, Mr. Francis C. Marguerite A. Todd, Mr. and Mrs. Gordon F. Wheeler, M. Mrs. Fred Sager. Dr. Ruth Smith. Mr. and Mrs. Homer P. Tolkan. Mr. and Mrs. Norman Whitehead. Sanidas. Dr. and Mrs. Dennis J. Smith. Mr. Van Dorn C. N. Whitney. Mr. and Mrs. Geoffrey Sardinha, Mr. George J. Snyder, Mr. Robert M. Trager, Mrs. William G., Jr. Saunders, Dr. and Mrs. John W. Solomon, Dr. and Mrs. A. K. Trigg, Mr. and Mrs. D. Thomas Wichterman, Dr. and Mrs. Ralph Saunders, Mrs. Lawrence Sonnenblick, Mrs. Perle Troll. Dr. and Mrs. Walter Wickersham, Mr. and Mrs. A. A. Saunders, Lawrence, Fund Specht, Mr. and Mrs. Heinz Trousof. Miss Natalie Tilney Sawyer. Mr. and Mrs. John E. Speck, Dr. William T. Tucker, Miss Ruth Wiese, Dr. Konrad F. Mrs. M. Saz. Mrs. Ruth L. Spiegel. Drs. and Mrs. Melvin Tully. Mr. and Mrs. Gordon Wilber. Clare Dr. Hazel S. Schlesinger. Dr. and Mrs. R. and Evelyn Ulbnch, Mr. and Mrs. Volker Wilhelm. Walter Spotte, Mr. Stephen Valois, Mr. and Mrs. John Willis. Mr. Herbert F. Schwamb. Mr. and Mrs. Peter Steele, Mrs. John H. Vancouver Public Aquarium Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. Leslie J. Schwartz, Dr. Lawrence Steele, Dr. Robert E. Van Buren, Mrs. Harold Wilson, Mr. and Mrs. T. Scott, Mrs. George T. Stein, Mr. Ronald Van Holde, Mrs. Kensal E. Hastings Scott, Mr. and Mrs. Norman E. Steinbach. Mrs. H. Burr Veeder, Mrs. Ronald A. Winn. Dr. William M. Sears. Mr. Clayton C. Stetson. Mrs. Thomas J. Veeder, Ms. Susan Winsten, Dr. Jay A. Sears. Mr. and Mrs. Harold B. Stetten, Dr. Gail Vincent. Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Witting, Miss Joyce Sears, Mr. Harold H. Stetten. Dr. and Mrs. H. DeWitt. W. Woitkoski, Miss Nancy Seaver, Mr. George Jr. Vincent, Dr. Walter S. Wolfinsohn, Mrs. Wolfe Seder, Mr. John Stracher. Dr. Dorothy Vonderhaar, Dr. William Woodwell, Dr. and Mrs. George M. Segal, Dr. and Mrs. Sheldon J. Sudduth. Dr. William Wagner, Mr. Mark Mrs. Mrs. Roland Selby, Dr. Cecily Swain, Mr. Albert H. Waksman, Dr. and Byron Wrigley, Senft. Dr. and Mrs. Alfred Sussman. Dr. and Mrs. Maurice H. Yntema, Mrs. Chester L. Shanklm. Dr. D. R. Swanson. Mrs. Carl P. Ward, Dr. Robert T. Young, Miss Nina L.

J. Dr. Mrs. Donald J. Shapiro, Mr. and Mrs. Howard Swift, Mr. and Mrs. E. Kent Ware. Mr. and Mrs. Lindsay Zinn, and Elizabeth Shapley, Dr. Robert Swope. Mrs. Gerard, Jr. Warren, Dr. Henry B. Zipf. Dr. Certificate of Organization Articles of Amendment Bylaws of the MBL

Certificate of Organization Articles ofAmendment

(On File in the Office of the Secretary of the Commonweallh) (On File in the Office of the Secretary of the Commonwealth)

We, James D. Ebert. President, and David Shepro. Clerk of the Marine Biological that No. 3170 Laboratory, located at Woods Hole. Massachusetts 02543, do hereby certify the was the following amendment to the Articles of Organization of Corporation held on 15, 1975, as to 29. and William duly adopted at a meeting August adjourned August We. Alpheus Hyatt. President. William Stanford Stevens. Treasurer, 1975, by vote of 444 members, being at least two-thirds of its members legally T. Sedgwick. Edward G. Gardiner. Susan Mims and Charles Sedgwick Mmot being the with qualified to vote in the meeting of corporation: a majority of the Trustees of the Marine Biological Laboratory in compliance the requirements of the fourth section of chapter one hundred and fifteen of the the Certificate of of this corporation be and it hereby is the Voted: That Organization Public Statutes do hereby certify that the following is a true copy of agreement amended by the addition of the following provisions: of association to constitute said Corporation, with the names of the subscribers "No Officer, Trustee or Corporate Member of the corporation shall be personally thereto: liable for the payment or satisfaction of any obligation or liabilities incurred

as a result of, or otherwise in connection with, any commitments, agree- do, this associate ourselves We. whose names are hereto subscribed, by agreement, ments, activities or affairs of the corporation. of the with the intention to constitute a Corporation according to the provisions of the "Except as otherwise specifically provided by the Bylaws corporation, meetings of the Public Statutes of the Commonwealth of one hundred and fifteenth chapter of the Corporate Members of the corporation may be held anywhere in in thereof and in addition thereto. Massachusetts, and the Acts amendment the United States. "The Trustees of the corporation may make, amend or repeal the Bylaws of the in whole or in except with respect to any provisions thereof The name by which the Corporation shall be known is corporation part, THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL LABORATORY which shall by law, this Certificate or the bylaws of the corporation, require action by the Corporate Members."

for which the is constituted is to establish and maintain articles of amendment The purpose Corporation The foregoing amendment will become effective when these for scientific and and a school for a laboratory or station study investigations, are filed in accordance with Chapter 180. Section 7 of the General Laws unless instruction in and natural history. the a later biology these articles specify, in accordance with the vote adopting amendment, within which the is established or located is the city of the The place Corporation effective date not more than thirty days after such filing, in which event amend- Boston within said Commonwealth. ment will become effective on such later date. The amount of its capital stock is none. we have hereunto set our hands, this twenty seventh day of In Witness Whereof, In Witness whereof ami Under the Penalties of Perjury, we have hereto signed our hundred and Alpheus Hyatt, Samuel February in the year eighteen eighty-eight, names this 2nd day of September, in the year 1975. James D. Ebert, President: William T. Edward G. Gardiner. Charles Sedgwick Minot. William Mills. Sedgwick, David Shepro, Clerk. Stanford Stevens, Anna D. Susan Mims, B. H. Van G. Farlow, William Phillips, (Approved on October 24, 1975, as follows: Vleck. articles of amendment and. the fee in the amount I hereby approve the within filing the thirteenth That the first of the subscribers to said agreement was held on been filed with me this meeting of $10 having been paid, said articles are deemed to have of March in the hundred and eighty-eight. day year eighteen 24th day of October. 1975. In Witness Whereof, we have hereunto signed our names, this thirteenth day of President. March in the year eighteen hundred and eighty-eight. Alpheus Hyatt. Paul Guzzi William Stanford Stevens, Treasurer, Edward G. Gardiner. William T. Sedgwick. Secrelan of the Commonwealth) Susan Mims. Charles Sedgwick Minot. (Approved on March 20. 1888 as follows: of the within written certificate / hereby a-mfr that it appears upon an examination the the re- Corporation of and the records of the corporation duly submitted to my inspection, that the Bylaws of and fifteen, and quirements of sections one, two and three of chapter one hundred Marine Laboratory and of the Biological sections eighteen, twenty and twenty-one of chapter one hundred six, this Public Statutes, have been complied with and 1 hereby approve said certificate (Revised August 17, 1990) twentieth day of March A.D. eighteen hundred and eighty-eight. and are (These Brians hem' been e.\lensirely amended by the Board ol Trustees are not Charles Endicott \ubieel lo approval br the Corporation II these amendments approved by mil then remain in Commissioner of Corporations) the Corporation, the existing Bylaws place.)

68 Bylaws of the Corporation 69

who shall also be the Vice Chairman ARTICLE I THE CORPORATION annually elect a President of the Corporation of the Board and Vice Chairman of meetings of the Corporation. They shall annually A ami The name of the shall be The Marine Bio- Name Purpose. Corporation elect a Treasurer. They shall elect a Clerk, who shall be a resident of Massachusetts The shall be to establish and maintain logical Laboratory Corporation's purpose and shall serve a term of four years. Eligibility for re-election of the Clerk shall be

i or station for scientific and and a school for in- laboratory study investigation in accordance with the content of this Article IV as applied to Corporate or Board struction in and natural biology history. Trustees. They shall elect Trustees-at-Large as specified in this Article IV. They B Sondtscntninalion The Corporation shall not discriminate on the basis of shall appoint a Director of the Laboratory for a term not to exceed five years, color, race, national or ethnic origin, sex or sexual preference in its age, religion, provided the term shall not exceed one year, if the candidate has attained the age on and administration or in its educational and other programs. policies employment of 65 years prior to the dale of the appointment. They may choose such other officers and agents as they shall think best. They may fix the compensation of all ARTICLE II MEMBERSHIP officers and agents of the Corporation and may remove them at any time. They shall in of the offices. The Board shall have the I Members. The Members of the Corporation ("Members") consist of may fill vacancies occurring any power their number as in Article persons elected by the Board of Trustees (the "Board"), upon such terms and to choose an Executive Committee from own provided conditions and in accordance with such procedures, not inconsistent with law or V. and to delegate to such Committee such of their own powers as they may deem V. from these Bylaws, as may be determined by the Board- At any regular or special meeting expedient in addition to those powers conferred by Article They shall, of the Board, the Board may elect new Members. Any Member may vote at any time to time, elect Members to the Corporation upon such terms and conditions law or these meeting of the Members either in person or by proxy executed no more than three as they shall have determined, not inconsistent with Bylaws. be four of Trustees: months prior to the date of such meeting. Except as otherwise limited therein, B Composition and Election. There shall groups to to vote at of such 1 1 elected the Members proxies shall entitle the persons named therein any adjournment ( Trustees (the "Corporate Trustees") by according with these as the Trustees shall have meeting, but shall not he valid after final adjournment of such meeting. Proxies such procedures, not inconsistent Bylaws, need not be sealed or attested and proxy purported to be executed by or on behalf determined. Except as provided below, such Trustees shall be divided into four of a Member entitled to vote shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or poor classes of six, one class to be elected each year to serve for a term of four years. terms. to its exercise. Members shall serve until their death or resignation unless earlier Such classes shall be designated by the year of expiration of their respective removed with or without cause by the affirmative vote of two-thirds ot the Trustees (2) Trustees ("Trustees-at-Large"). Nominees for Trustees-at-Large shall be election then in office. Any Member who has retired from his or her home institution may. introduced at the annual meeting of the Corporation for subsequent by inconsistent with these as the on written request to the Corporation, be designated a Life Member. Life Members the Board according to such procedures, not Bylaws, Such shall be divided into four shall not have the right to vote and shall not be assessed for dues. Trustees shall have determined. Trustees-at-Large a term ol lour 6 Meetings The annual meeting of the Members shall be held on the Friday classes of four Trustees, one class to be elected each year to serve for be the of of their following the second Tuesday in August of each year, at the Laboratory of the years. Such classes shall designated by year expiration respective determined the Trustees for Corporation in Woods Hole. Massachusetts, at 9:30 a.m. If no annual meeting is terms. It is contemplated that, unless otherwise by shall be individuals have not been considered held in accordance with the foregoing provision, a special meeting may be held in good reason. Trustees-at-Large. who lieu thereof with the same effect as the annual meeting, and in such case all references for elections as Corporate Trustees. the the Treasurer, in these Bylaws, except in this Article II. B., to the annual meeting of the Members (3) Trustees e\ offiao shall be the Chairman, President, shall be deemed to refer to such special meeting. Members shall transact business the Clerk and the Director of the Laboratory. has retired from his or as may properly come before the meeting. Special meetings of the Members may (4) Trustees emeriti shall include any Member who he be called by the Chairman or the Trustees, and shall be called by the Clerk, or in her home institution and has requested to serve as a Trustee emeritus provided is to the case of the death, absence, incapacity or refusal by the Clerk, by any other or she has served at least two terms as a Trustee. A Trustee ex officio eligible as Trustee e\ for officer, upon written application of Members representing at least ten percent of serve as a Trustee ementus provided he or she has served officio have all the of the the smallest quorum of Members required for a vote upon any matter at the annual at least eight years. Trustees ex ofticio and emeriti shall nghts meeting of the Members, to be held at such time and place as may be designated. Trustees, except that Trustees emeriti shall not have the right to vote. elected in The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the Corporation. (5) The total number of Corporate Trustees and Trustees-at-Large

fill not result from C Notice of Meetings. Notice of any annual meeting or special meeting of any year (excluding Trustees elected to vacancies which do ten. of so Members, if necessary, shall be given by the Clerk by mailing notice of the time expiration of a term) shall not exceed The number Trustees-at-Large four unless otherwise determined vote of the Trustees, and place and purpose of such meeting at least 1 5 days before such meeting to elected shall not exceed and, by each Member at his or her address as shown on the records of the Corporation. the number of Corporate Trustees so elected shall not exceed six. Corporate Trustees elected or D ll'u/ivr ol Notice Whenever notice of a meeting is required to be given a shall always constitute a majority on the Board of those approved by Member under any provision of the Articles or Organization or Bylaws of the the Members. of the Corporation, a written waiver thereof, executed before of after the Meeting by such (6) Newly elected Trustees shall take office at the February meeting their Member, or his or her duly authorized attorney, shall be deemed equivalent to Board, but may participate in discussions at intervening meetings following such notice. election, without voting rights. until their suc- E Adjournments Any meeting ot the Members may be adjourned to any other (7) The Trustees and officers shall hold their respective offices time and place by the vote of a majority of those Members present or represented cessors are chosen and quahfied. or a who has served an at the meeting, whether or not such Members constitute a quorum, or by any officer C. Eligibility A Corporate Trustee Trustee-at-Large to a second entitled to preside at or to act as Clerk of such meeting, if no Member is present initial term of at least two years' duration shall be eligible for re-election for re-election to term until two or represented. It shall not be necessary to notify any Members of any adjournment term, but shall be ineligible any subsequent years has served as a Trustee. unless no Member is present or represented at the meeting which is adjourned, in have elapsed after he/she last time without which case, notice of the adjournment shall be given in accordance with Article D Removal. Any Trustee may be removed from office at any vote of a of the Members entitled to vote in the election of II E. Any business which could have been transacted at any meeting of the Members cause, by majority or for vote of two-thirds of the Trustees then in office. A Trustee as originally called may be transacted at an adjournment thereof. Trustees; cause, by may be removed for cause only if notice of such action shall have been given to ARTICLE III ASSOCIATES OF THE CORPORATION all of the Trustees or Members entitled to vote, as the case may be. prior to the meeting at which such action is to be taken and if the Trustee to be so removed l\\oiwies ol the Corporation. The Associates of the Marine Biological Laboratory shall have been given reasonable notice and opportunity to be heard before the shall be an unincorporated group of persons (including associations and corporations) body proposing to remove him or her. interested in the Laboratory and shall be organized and operated under the general E I 'ticuncies Any vacancy in the Board, unless and until filled by the Members supervision and authority of the Trustees. The Associates of the Marine Biological at any annual or special meeting of the Members, may be filled by vote of a majority Laboratory shall have no voting nghts. of the remaining Trustees present at a meeting of Trustees at which a quorum is or of all of the Trustees if less than a quorum shall remain ARTICLE IV BOARD OF TRUSTEES present by appointment in office. A Pon-ers The Board of Trustees shall have the control and management of F. Meetings. The annual meeting of the Trustees shall be held promptly after the affairs of the Corporation. The Trustees shall annually elect a Chairman ot the the annual meeting of the Members at the Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. President or Board who shall serve until his or her successor is selected and qualified. They shall Special meetings of the Trustees may be called by the Chairman, the 70 Annual Report

by any seven Trustees to be held at such time and place as may be designated. The Trustees may be taken without a meeting if all Members of such committees consent Chairman of the Board, when present, shall preside overall meetings of the Trustees. to the action in wnting and such wntten consents are filed with the records of Wntten notice shall be sent to a Trustee's usual or last known place of residence meetings. Members of the Executive Committee or any other committee elected at least two weeks before the meeting. Notice of a meeting need not be given to by the Trustees may also participate in any meeting by means of a telephone con- any Trustee if a written waiver of notice executed by such Trustee before or after ference call, or otherwise take action in such a manner as may. from time to time, the meeting is hied with the records of the meeting, or if such Trustee shall attend be permitted by law. the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice given to him or her. ARTICLE VI OFFICERS G Quorum Twenty-five Members shall constitute a quorum at any meeting. A officers of the shall consist of a a Except as otherwise required by law or these Bylaws, the affirmative vole of a Enumeraiiiin The Corporation President, Treasurer and a and such other officers the of majority of the Members voting in person or by proxy at a meeting attended by a Clerk, having powers President. Treasurer Clerk as the Board determine, and a Director of the quorum (present in person or by proxy) shall consitute action on behalf of the and may Laboratory. Members. The Corporation may have such other officers and assistant officers as the Board a Chairman of the and one // Transfers of Interests in Land. There shall be no transfer of title or long-term may determine, including (without limitation) Board, Assistant Treasurers or Assistant Clerks. two or more lease of real property held by the Corporation without pnor approval of not less or more Vice-Presidents, Any offices be held the same An officer need not be a Member or Trustee than two-thirds of the Trustees. Such real property transactions shall be finally may by person. of the If the officer shall the acted upon at a meeting of the Board only if presented and discussed at a pnor Corporation. required by Trustees, any give Corporation a bond lor the faithful of his or her duties in such amount and with meeting of the Board. Either meeting may be a special meeting and no less than performance such or sureties as shall be to the Trustees. four weeks shall elapse between the two meetings. Any property acquired by the surety satisfactory B Tenure as otherwise law. the Articles of Corporation after December I, 1989 may be sold with the pnor approval of not Except provided by by Organization or these and all other officers shall hold office less than two-thirds of the Trustees (other than any Trustee or Trustees with a by Bylaws, the President. Treasurer, until the first of the Board the annual of and direct or indirect financial interest in the transaction being considered for approval) meeting following meeting Members until his or her successor is chosen and who are present at a regular or special meeting of the Board at which there is a thereafter, qualified. quorum. C. Resignation Any officer may resign by delivenng his or her wntten resignation to the Corporation at its principal office or to the President or Clerk and such ARTICLE V COMMITTEES resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event. A Executive Committee The Executive Committee is hereby designated to consist D Removal The Board may remove any officer with or without cause by a vote of not more than ten Trustees, including the t'.v n/licio Trustees (Chairman of the of a majonty of the entire number of Trustees then in office, at a meeting of the Board. President. Treasurer, and Director of the Laboratory); and six additional Board called for that purpose and for which notice of the purpose thereof has been Trustees, two of whom shall be elected by the Board each year, to serve for a three- given, provided that an officer may be removed for cause only after having an year term. opportunity to be heard by the Board at a meeting of the Board at which a quorum Beginning with the Members elected for terms ending in 1990. one of the Trustees is personally present and voting. elected to serve on the Executive Committee shall be a Trustee-at-Large. Beginning E lummy A vacancy in any office may be filled for the unexpired balance of with the Members elected for terms ending in 1991. the Trustees will elect, to the the term by vote of a majonty of the Trustees present at any meeting of Trustees Executive Committee. Trustees to ensure that the Committee includes four Cor- at which a quorum is present or by written consent of all of the Trustees if less porate Trustees and two Trustees-at-Large. than a quorum of Trustees shall remain in office. The Chairman of the Board shall act as Chairman of the Executive Committee F. Dinrlor T he Director shall be the chief operating officer and. unless otherwise and the President as Vice Chairman. The Executive Committee shall meet at such voted by the Trustees, the chief executive officer of the Corporation. The Director times and places and upon such notice and appoint such subcommittees as the shall, subject to the direction of the Trustees, have general supervision of the Lab- Committee shall determine. oratory and control of the business of the Corporation. At the annual meeting, the The Executive Committee shall ha\e and may exercise all the powers of the Director shall submit a report of the operations of the Corporation for such year Board dunng the mter\als between meetings of the Board except those powers and a statement of its affairs, and shall, from time to time, report to the Board all specifically withheld, from time to time, by vote of the Board or by law. The Executive matters within his or her knowledge which the interests of the Corporation may Committee may also appoint such committees, including persons who are not require to be brought to its notice.

Trustees, as it may. from time to time, approve to make recommendations with G. Deputy Direetor. The Deputy Director, if any. or if there shall be more than respect to matters to be acted upon by the Executive Committee or the Board. one. the Deputy Directors in the order determined by the Trustees, shall, in the The Executive Committee shall keep appropnate minutes of its meetings, which absence or disability of the Director, perform the duties and exercise the powers shall be reported to the Board. Any actions taken by the Executive Committee of the Director and shall perform such other duties and shall have such other shall also he reported to the Board. powers as the Trustees may. from time to time, prescribe. The elected Members of the Executive Committee shall constitute a Standing // r

The Assistant Clerk, if any, or if there shall be more than one. the Assistant Corporation to serve as such for an employee benefit plan where the performance

Clerks in the order determined by the Trustees, shall, in the absence or disability by such person of his or her duties to the Corporation also imposes duties on or of the Clerk, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Clerk and shall otherwise involves services by, such person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries perform such other duties and shall have such other powers as the Trustees may. of the plan; (iii) "fines" shall be deemed to include any excise tax plan pursuant from time to lime, prescribe. to ER1SA; and (iv) actions taken or omitted by a person with respect to an employee In the absence of the Clerk and an Assistant Clerk from any meeting, a temporary benefit plan in the performance of such person's duties for a purpose reasonably clerk shall be appointed at the meeting. believed by such person to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries A Other Pim-ers and Duties- Each officer shall have in addition to the duties of the plan shall be deemed to be fora purpose which is in the best interests of the and powers specifically set forth in these Bylaws, such duties and powers as are Corporation. customarily incident to his or her office, and such duties and powers as the Trustees The right of indemnification provided in this Article VIII shall not be exclusive may, from time to time, designate. of or affect any other rights to which any Trustee, director or officer may be entitled under any agreement, statute, vote of Members or otherwise. The Corporation's ARTICLE VII AMENDMENTS obligation to provide indemnification under this Article VIII shall be offset to the extent of any other source of indemnification of any otherwise applicable insurance These Bylaws may be amended by the affirmative vote of the Members at any coverage under a policy maintained by the Corporation or any other person. Nothing meeting, provided that notice of the substance of the proposed amendment is stated contained in the Article shall affect any rights to which employees and corporate in the notice of such meeting. As authorized by the Articles of Organization, the personnel other than Trustees, directors or officers may be entitled by contract, by Trustees, by a majority of their number then in office, may also make, amend or vote of the Board or ol the Executive Committee or otherwise. repeal these Bylaws, in whole or in part, except with respect to the (a) the provisions these the removal of and the amendment of of Bylaws governing (i) Trustees (ii) ARTICLE IX DISSOLUTION these Bylaws and (b) any provisions of these Bylaws which by law, the Articles of Organization or these Bylaws, requires action by the Members. The consent of every Trustee shall be necessary to effect a dissolution of the No later than the time of giving notice of meeting of Members next following Marine Biological Laboratory. In case of dissolution, the property shall be disposed the making, amending or repealing by the Trustees of any Bylaw, notice thereof of in such a manner and upon such terms as shall be determined by the affirmative stating the substance of such change shall be given to all Members entitled to vote vole ol two-thirds of the Trustees then in office in accordance with the laws of the on amending the Bylaws. Commonwealth of Massachusetts. Any Bylaw adopted by the Trustees may be amended or repealed by the members ARTICLE X MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS entitled to vote on amending the Bylaws.

A Fiscal Year as otherwise determined the Trustees, the fiscal ARTICLE VIII INDEMNITY Except by year of the Corporation shall end on December 31st of each year.

Except as otherwise provided below, the Corporation shall, to the extent legally B St'al Unless otherwise determined by the Trustees, the Corporation may permissible, indemnify each person who is, or shall have been, a Trustee, director have a seal in such form as the Trustees may determine, from time to time. or officer of the Corporation or who is serving, or shall have served at the request C Execulum ofInstruments All checks, deed, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, of the Corporation as a Trustee, director or officer of another organization in which notes and other obligations authorized to be executed by an officer of the Corporation the Corporation directly or indirectly has any interest as a shareholder, creditor or in its behalf shall be signed by the Director or the Treasurer except as the Trustees otherwise, against all liabilities and expenses (including judgments, fines, penalties, may generally or in particular cases otherwise determine. A certificate by the Clerk and reasonable attorneys' fees and all amounts paid, other than to the Corporation or an Assistant Clerk, or a temporary Clerk, as to any action taken by the Members. or such other organization, in compromise or settlement) imposed upon or incurred Board of Trustees or any officer or representative of the Corporation shall as to all by any such person in connection with, or arising out of, the defense or disposition persons who rely thereon in good faith be conclusive evidence of such action. of any action, suit or other proceeding, whether civil or criminal, in which he or D. Corporuie Records. The onginal. or attested copies, of the Articles of Orga- she may be a defendant or with which he or she may be threatened or otherwise nization, Bylaws and records of all meetings of the Members shall be kept in Mas- involved, directly or indirectly, by reason of his or her being or having been such sachusetts at the principal office of the Corporation, or at an office of the Corpo- a Trustee, director or officer. ration's Clerk or resident agent. Said copies and records need not all be kept in the The Corporation shall provide no indemnification with respect to any matter as same office. They shall be available at all reasonable times for inspection by any to which any such Trustee, director or officer shall be finally adjudicated in such Member for any proper purpose, but not to secure a list of Members for a purpose action, suit or proceeding not to have acted in good faith in the reasonable belief other than in the interest of the applicant, as a Member, relative to the affairs of that his or her action was in the best interests of the Corporation. The Corporation the Corporation. shall provide no indemnification with respect to any matter settled or composed E Articles o! Organization. All references in these Bylaws to the Articles of unless such matter shall have been approved as in the best interests of the Cor- Organization shall be deemed to refer to the Articles of Organization of the Cor- poration, after notice that indemnification is involved, by (i) a disinterested majority poration, as amended and in effect, from time to time. of the Board of the Executive Committee, or (ii) a majority of the Members. F Tran.\ULiuw. \\nli Interested Ponies In the absence of fraud, no contract or Indemnification may include payment by the Corporation of expenses in de- other transaction between this Corporation and any other corporation or any firm, fending a civil or criminal action or proceeding in advance of the final disposition association, partnership or person shall be affected or invalidated by the fact that of such action or proceeding upon receipt of an undertaking by the person indem- any Trustee or officer of this Corporation is pecuniarily or otherwise interested in nified to repay such payment if it is ultimately determined that such person is not or is a director, member or officer of such other corporation or of such firm, as- entitled to indemnification under the provisions of this Article VIII, or under any sociation or partnership or is a party to or is pecuniarily or otherwise interested in applicable law. such contract or other transaction or is in any way connected with any person or As used in the Article VIII. the terms "Trustee," "director" and "officer" include persons, firm, association, partnership, or corporation pecuniarily or otherwise in- their respective heirs, executors, administrators and legal representatives, and an terested therein; provided that the fact that he or she individually or as a director, "interested" Trustee, director or officer is one against whom in such capacity the member or officer of such corporation, firm, association or partnership is such a proceeding in question or another proceeding on the same or similar grounds is party or is so interested shall be disclosed to or shall have been known by the Board then pending. of Trustees or a majority of such Members thereof as shall be present at a meeting To assure indemnification under this Article VIII of all persons who are determined of the Board of Trustees at which action upon any such contract or transaction by the Corporation or otherwise to be or to have been "fiduciaries" of any employee shall be taken; any Trustee may be counted in determining the existence of a benefits plan of the Corporation which may exist, from time to time, this Article quorum and may vote at any meeting of the Board of Trustees for the purpose of

VIII shall be interpreted as follows: (i) "another organization" shall be deemed to authorizing any such contract or transaction with like force and effect as if he/she include such an employee benefit plan, including without limitation, any plan of were not so interested, or were not a director, member or officer of such other the Corporation which is governed by the Act of Congress entitled "Employee corporation, firm, association or partnership, provided that any vole with respect Retirement Income Security Act of 1974," as amended, from time to time. to such contract or transaction must be adopted by a majority of the Trustees then ("ER1SA"); (ii) "Trustee" shall be deemed to include any person requested by the in office who have no interest in such contract or transaction.