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Annual Report Prepared by Jorgelina Marino, Girma Eshete, Eric Bedin, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri and EWCP Team

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Annual Report Prepared by Jorgelina Marino, Girma Eshete, Eric Bedin, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri and EWCP Team April 2019 Annual Report Prepared by Jorgelina Marino, Girma Eshete, Eric Bedin, Claudio Sillero-Zubiri and EWCP Team ©Rebecca Jackrel ewcp annual report | 1 Contents p3. Highlights HIGHLIGHTS p5. Letter from our Founder p6. Monitoring & Research The wolves of the Bale Mountains, the world’s largest p10. One Health population, continued their pathway to recovery after p12. Biodiversity Friendly Futures a serious outbreak of canine distemper virus in 2016. p14. Outputs & Products Backed-up by a strong breeding outcome and EWCP’s p17. A Vision for the Future vaccination campaigns this population is filling up! We are also keeping an eye on smaller wolf populations p18. Our Donors elsewhere, where emerging threats pose other p20. EWCP Team conservation challenges. Pages 6-7 p23. Help EWCP Long-term Monitoring & Research pays. We discovered wolves dispersing further than expected and, using our unparalleled monitoring data, we are building high- resolution models that can recreate disease outbreaks with high accuracy and help us find suitable solutions. Pages 8-9 Our One Health project maintains a buffer of vaccinated domestic dogs around the core wolf population in Bale and, in a ground-breaking move, EWCP is now implementing preventive oral vaccination of wolves against rabies. We built Disease Alert Networks in new Ethiopian Wolf Conservation Programme regions, triggering more local engagement and allowing for a rapid intervention to save a small wolf population hit by rabies in North Ethiopia. Pages 10-11 When nature is valued, conservation follows suit. As part of our Biodiversity Friendly Futures we promoted Our vision is to secure Ethiopian wolf populations and traditional natural resource management systems and sustainable livelihoods in two new protected areas, habitats across their present distribution, and to extend leading to the formal adoption of co-management for one of them. Pages 12-13 the species range, stressing its role as a flagship for the A vision for the future: linking habitat restauration with conservation of the Afroalpine ecosystem on which present conservation translocations and behavioural change, we aim to go one step further up the ladder. Page 17 and future generations of Ethiopians also depend. With ever-mounting pressure on wild spaces and species, Ethiopia’s highland endemics are facing new threats. In response, EWCP is striving to grow, with more staff and training. Pages 20-21 ewcp annual report | 2 ewcp annual report | 3 ©Eric Bedin A letter from our Founder & Director The challenges to wildlife conservation are many and diverse. Success relies on working together. The more we learn about Ethiopian wolves and the By combining international support with a strong causes of their endangerment, the more evident it team of over 60 nationals, we are beginning to see is the need for holistic solutions. The challenges the fruits from good conservation practices that posed by land use conversion and infectious rely on people and institutions working together to diseases in the highlands of Ethiopia affect save an endangered species. people, domestic and wild animals, and cannot The world will be a better place with Ethiopian be dealt with by EWCP and the Ethiopian Wildlife wolves roaming free in the highlands of Ethiopia, Conservation Authority in isolation. next to the people that rely on the precious natural resources the highlands of Ethiopia provide. Proof of our principle of cooperation are two of this This annual report hopes to bring optimism year’s major achievements, which bring optimism to our partners, collaborators, supporters and to our common cause of protecting nature for the friends, because we are convinced that with your benefit of all. participation, encouragement and support win-win solutions are possible. The first involved the promotion of alternative livelihoods and microenterprises, seeking Prof Claudio Sillero to harmonise uses of natural resources with Founder and Director conservation, integrating local livelihoods into new protected areas. Success depended largely on engagement and active participation of community leaders, protected area managers, local and regional governments, using existing communication channels and cultural traditions. Read more about our Biodiversity Friendly Futures project achievements in page 12. The second success brought change and hope for the plight posed by rabies. Networks of veterinarians, health centres and local communities, with support from EWCP for training and awareness, self- organised to vaccinate domestic dogs around two small wolf populations, with positive cascading effects on humans and wolves. EWCP has secured fresh international support for an integrated ©Lorenz Fischer approach to reduce the risk of infectious diseases. Read more about our One Health project in page 10. The Ethiopian Wolf Conservation Programme (EWCP) is a partnership between the University of Oxford’s Wildlife Conservation Research Unit (WildCRU) and the Born Free Foundation. EWCP operates under agreements between the WildCRU and the Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority (EWCA), Oromia Forest and Wildlife Enterprise (OFWE) and Amhara’s Environment, Forest and Wildlife Protection and Development Authority (EFWPDA), and with the support and cooperation of local authorities across Ethiopia. ewcp annual report | 4 ewcp annual report | 5 Monitoring & research Elsewhere, wolves are holding on. Good news came Understanding animal behaviour and what makes populations tick is a cornerstone for the from Guassa-Menz and Abuna Yosef Community successful conservation of endangered species. Conservation Areas, where monitors reported healthy populations following small disease outbreaks in 2018. In the Simien Mountains National Park, wolves are very elusive; monitors were therefore delighted to find Taking the pulse of populations: the good, the bad and the seven well-camouflaged dens this year, confirming that wolf families were breeding in spite of growing challenges ahead concerns from increasing tourism pressure and livestock encroachment in some areas of the park. Also, social and ethnic tensions in North Ethiopia More than half of the world’s Ethiopian wolves live are exacerbating some of the threats that the wolves in the Bale Mountains. This is where our largest team face, such as widespread wild fires in Simien and regularly monitors over thirty wolf families. This year Team: Arsi Mountains. Together with our assembly of Wolf they located 18 dens, counting a total of 68 pups. The Monitoring Officers Alo Hussein and Ambassadors we are working with local communities two core wolf populations in Bale, in the outstandingly Getachew Assefa, 14 Monitors and and partners to alleviate these threats, as part of our beautiful Web Valley and Sanetti Plateau, are now Biodiversity Friendly Futures project (see page 12). filling up (Figure 1). 13 Wolf Ambassadors deployed across Ethiopia. Canid populations, particularly those of a social disposition, are renowned for their capacity to bounce back, but there is a nuance to this story. Twenty Table 1 By monitoring wolves closely we can learn how wolves vaccinated in three packs in September 2017 each family pack is composed and their success breeding also contributed to building up population resilience, This year: and raising pups. with one of them playing a key role in rescuing All six wolf populations monitored, another pack. In November 2017 alarm bells rung when monitors visiting the Megity pack found a dead including over 40 wolf packs; 70 scouts wolf and a sick wolf. This concern was amplified when and 42 community guards trained in Megity’s dominant female disappeared, as such event two protected areas, including training would usually lead to the disruption of the entire social group, which might in turn take years to be replaced. and development of two SMART Fortunately, vaccination contributed to keeping the databases; four Ethiopian MSc students outbreak small and a subordinate female from Alando, supported; 13 publications. one of the packs vaccinated, took up the dominant place in Megity. This pack still reigns supreme in the surroundings of our Sodota field camp. In social animals such as the Ethiopian wolf, and particularly in one so rare, every individual animal counts not just on its own but also as part of a family, the building block of the survival puzzle faced by this species. Although it would seem like a contradiction, seeing the Bale wolves close to reaching their carrying capacity brought restlessness to the team, as history has shown that it is at their highest density when the wolves are at highest risk from disease. The monitors kept their eyes wide open, while the vet team kept busy with the vaccination campaigns (see page 10). Figure 1: Long-term time series provide a clear picture of successive population peaks and troughs. Both core populations in Bale have now recovered almost fully. ewcp annual report | 6 ewcp annual report | 7 Exceptional data and clever models help us What land uses are assess alternative vaccination interventions. compatible with Ethiopian wolf conservation? Every time we capture wolves to vaccinate them, we dogs, and combined them with the wolf data into We live in a rapidly changing world. For biodiversity The Simien Mountains National Park is also put coloured ear-tags so that we can identify them a high resolution Agent Base Model. Using Bale’s any change is mostly perceived as negative, but not all implementing habitat protection by setting aside wherever
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