Index

Page numbers in italics refer to Figures or Tables. Small variations in the transliteration of North African place names into American/English/French systems has not affected the alphabetical position of the names in the index. The most popular form of spelling is used in this list.

Abiod Formation 209, 210, 380, 387, 419 Amal-U Field 329 Abu Attifel Field 317, 320, 327 Amapa dyke swarm 240 Abu Gharadiq Basin 21,213,271,276 Amazon basin 240 chronostratigraphy 2 Amguid Arch 15 petroleum systems 202, 277 Amguid Spur 34-5, 38-9, 63 source rocks 274 Amguid-E1 Biod Arch 110 Abu Gharadiq Field 202, 213, 300 Amguid-Hassi Touareg axis 21, 24 Abu Roash Formation 208, 209, 274, 298 Anezrouf syenite complex 241 Abu Sennan Field 300 Antalya Complex 238 Acacus Formation 16, 46, 52, 61, 111, 115, 117, 124, Aouinet Ouenine Formation 16, 117, 159 159, 160 apatite fission track analysis (AFTA) Acheb Field 26 Algeria basins study Achebyat Formation 14 methods 136-7 Adrar Tadhak province 238 results 137-46 African-European Rift Zone (AERZ) 408 Appolonnia Formation 209 Agadir Basin 294 4~ dating 238, 240, 241,245, 248,249, 250, 251 Agedabia Trough 336 Arabia, marginal magmatism 237-8, 244 Ahara Arch 25 Argile Radioactive 17 Ahnet Basin 28, 53,544, 61, 70, 75, 76, 92, 132 Arida Field 209 burial history 153, 154, 155 Arida Formation 209 geothermal history 135-6 Arif en Naqia 271 methods of analysis 13(~7 Ashtart Field 209, 210, 214, 385 results 137-46, 147, 148 Assed-Jafar Formation 159 stratigraphy 2, 133, 133-5 Atlantic Ocean opening 242, 244-5 Ain Grab Formation 210 Atlas Basin inversion 21 Ain Hamra Field 70 Atlas Fold Mountain Belt Ain Merhotta Formation 354 petroleum system 214 Ain Nechaa Formation 99 structural domain 395 Air-T6n&6-Tefidet 252 see also Hodna Basin; South Atlas Front aiounites 245 Atlas-Anti-Atlas Fold Belt 158 Ait Kheir Field 24 stratigraphy 158-60 Ajdabiah Trough chronostratigraphy 267 unconformities 160-2, 164 A1 Hamra High 110 Atlassic-Maghrebian fold belt 9 AI Uwaynat Arch 15 Austrian event 114, 127 Alam el Bueib Formation 276, 298 Austrian unconformity 23 Alamein Field 300 Awaynat Massif 9 Alamein Formation 209 Azel Matti Swell 53 Aleg Formation 209 Azzel Formation 159 Algeria Azzene Field 28, 75 exploration history 69, 70-3, 75, 76 Azzene High 53 petroleum reserves 1 source rocks 22 Badr-EI-Dar Field 300 stratigraphy 115 Baer-Bassit Complex 238 see also Ahnet Basin; Ghadames Basin; Hassi Baharijah Arch 15 Messaoud Field; Hodna Basin; Illizi Basin; Bahariya Formation 208, 209, 298 Oued Mya Basin; Reggane Basin; Saharan Bahi Formation 208 Platform of Algeria; South Bahloul Formation 419 Atlas Front Barre Inf+rieure 177 Allan diagrams 302-4 Barre Moyenne 177 Alpine event 114 Barre Sup6rieure 177 Alrar Field 26, 75, 117, 187 basement 99, 133,284 Alternance Zone 166 traps 327-8 Alwafa Field 26 Bayuda Desert 239 Amal Field 212, 327 Beda Field 210 Amal Formation 206 Ben Khalala Field 24 Amal horst 241 Benue Trough 253 434 INDEX

Berkine East Field 24 Chouech Essaida Field 24, 118 Bia Formation 159 chronostratigraphy Bir Jaya Shale 52 Algeria 20 Bir Ben Formation 159 North Africa 2, 8 Bir Berkine Field 24, 118, 125 Cimmerian blocks 220 Bir Rebaa Field 24, 118, 125 Cimmerian event 243 Bir Tlacsin Field 27 clay mineral cement 124, 162, 171-2 Bireno Formation 210 Clysmic Basin 265 Biu Plateau 253 coals as source rocks 274 Borj Nili Formation 101 Cretaceous Bou Dabbous Formation 210, 214, 356, 363, 385,420 Gondwana breakup 234, 236, 241-4 Boudenib-Bechar Basin 60 magmatism 221,225 Bouri Field 202, 210, 214 palaeogeography 272 Brides Field 24 petroleum systems 276, 277 Bureau de Recherches des P6troles (BRP) 70 reservoir rocks 207, 298, 317, 323, 429 burial history rifting events 206, 219~1,222-5 Algerian basins 153, 154, 155 source rocks 213,294, 317, 323, 325, 336-7, 419 North Africa 8 stratigraphy 14, 21, 135,288-9, 423-4 tectonics 138, 270-1,318, 377, 408-11 Calanscio Arch 15 see also Austrian Calanscio-A1 Uwaynat Arch 16 thrusting 225 Calanshiyu Arch 266, 267 volcanism 318 Caledonian orogeny 98, 104, 111-12, 125 cross-sections in fault seal analysis 302 Cambrian Cruziana 99 reservoir rocks 34, 35, 46, 53 Cyprus 241 stratigraphy 14, 284 Mamonia Complex 238 tectonics 266-7 Cyrenaica Platform chronostratigraphy 2, 267 unconformities 160-1 Cambro-Ordovician Dabaa Formation 209 reservoir rocks 107, 168 Dafur volcanic province 251-2 diagenesis 168-72 Dahab Formation 209 quality 172-3 Dahar Arch/High 17, 110 sequence stratigraphy 98-101 Dahra-Hofra Field 210 stratigraphy 133 daounites 252 Cameroon Volcanic Line 252 Darnash Trough 276 Cap Juby Field 202 Debbech Field 24 Capbon Field 209 Decheira Field 28 Cape Verde mantle plume 239 Defa Field 210 carbonate ramp 339, 340, 341, 345 deltaic facies 16, 17, 274 carbonates, effect of faulting on 313 depth of fields 121 2 Carboniferous Devonian palaeogeography 269 facies analysis 188-94 reservoir rocks 53, 274 hot shale maturity 151 rifting events 217, 220 palaeogeography 268 sequence stratigraphy 106 reservoir rocks 46, 52, 53, 107, 116-17, 123, 124, 177, source rocks 274, 293 197-9, 292 stratigraphy 17, 133, 284 seal rocks 107 tectonics 267-8 sequence stratigraphy 104-6 see also Hercynian source rocks 22, 25, 53, 107, 274, 292 Casablanca Basin 292 stratigraphy 16, 133,284 catalclasis seal 300-1 tectonics 26(~7 cementation 124, 162, 363 9 diagenesis 124, 162, 168-72 clay minerals 171-2 E1 Garia Formation 361-7 quartz 168-9 F6 reservoir 176, 181 Central African Fault Zone 239 diapirism, Tunisia 377-9 Central Atlantic Rift 239 Diba Formation 209 Central Graben, Sirt Basin compared 321 Didon Field 210 Central/Western Sirt petroleum system 202 Dimeta Field 26, 116 Cercina Field 210, 214 dip closure traps 327-8 Chad, magmatism 252 dispersal, Tertiary 23, 45, 46, 52, 57, 62 Cherahil Formation 209, 356 distributary channel facies 190 China, petroleum reserves 1 Djebel Berga Field 28, 73 chlorite 172 Djebel Dabadib 411 Chouabine Formation 356, 380, 385 Djebel Gerraf Formation 103 INDEX 435

Djebel Goraa 411 Etel Formation 209 Djebel Stah 408 Ethiopian Rift, magmatism 250-1 Djebel Zaghouan 406, 415, 416, 417, 418 evaporites 20 Djeffara-Nefusa Arch/Uplift 26, 34, 47, 62 exploration history Dome fi Collenias Field 26 boom time 73-5 Doukkala Basin 60, 292 discovery period 70-3 Douleb Field 202 post-boom period 75-6 Douleb/Tamesmida Field 209 pre-discovery period 70 Draa E1 Temra Field 24 Ezzaouia Field 209 Dutse Complex 241 F3 reservoir I05 East African/Indian margin magmatism F6 reservoir stratigraphy 177 Tertiary-Recent 249, 250 facies analysis 158-60 Cretaceous-Tertiary 246 Devonian of West Alrar 188-94 Jurassic-Cretaceous 243 facies modelling Jurassic 241 Devonian of West Alrar 194-7 East Alrar Field 187 Faid Formation 209, 356, 357 Eastern Mediterranean Basin 17 Faiyum Basin 213, 271 Eastern Sirt Basin 335-7 fault plane displacement diagrams 301-2 drilling data 350-1 fault seal analysis lithofacies distribution 352 classification 300-1 seismic stratigraphy 342-8 graphical methods 301-11 sequence stratigraphy 337 9 stratigraphy 311 stratigraphy 336~44 fault-seismic character 313 Ech Chouch Field 24 fault throw 312 Edjeleh Field 26, 73 fault-bounded traps 328 Eghi Formation 209 faults/fractures, Hercynian 163, 164 Egypt flaser bedding 190 first oil discovery 70 flushing, Tertiary 23, 45, 46, 52, 57, 62 magmatism 251-2 fluvial deposits/facies 14, 20, 160, 189 petroleum reserves 1 ftuvioglacial deposits/facies 14, 158 petroleum systems 60-1,213-14 Fortuna Formation 209 see also Nile Delta; Gulf of Suez; Western Desert Foum Tineslem Formation 100, 101 Egyptian Platform 12 fractures/faults, Hercynian 163, 164 E1 Adeb Field 27 E1 Agreb Field 14, 24, 34 E1 Atchane Sandstone Formation 114, 168 Gab6s petroleum province 2 E1 Biod Arch 14, 17 Gafsa Basin 380-83 petroleum system 24, 34, 3~7 Gao Trough 236 E1 Borma Field 24, 26, 118, 212 Garet E1 Guefoul Field 28 E1 Franig Field 34, 157, 162, 164 Gargaf Arch 15, 16, 17, 47 E1 Garia Formation 209, 210 gas reserves 1 depositional environment 356-63 Gassi Touil Field 24, 118 diagenesis 363-8 Gazeil Field 27 petroleum potential 371 Gebel Ahmar Formation 209 reservoir quality 368-9, 370-1 Gebel el Maghara 271 E1 Gassi Field 14, 24, 34 Gebel Minshera 271 E1 Gassi Formation 159 Gemsa Field 70 E1 Hammam Formation 209 Ghadames Basin 16, 20, 25, 91,157 E1 Hamra Field 27, 75 chronostratigraphy 2 E1 Haria Formation 209, 380, 383, 385, 387 exploration history 75, 76 E1 Merk Field 24 geographical setting 109 E1 Ramis Formation 209 hydrocarbon occurrences 118-21 Emgayet Field 27 depth 121-2 Emgayet Formation 16, 52 hydrodynamic setting 126-7 Eocene stratigraphy 356 lithostratigraphy 159 see also Metlaoui Group petroleum systems 23-8, 32, 33, 61, 62, 211-12 Erez graben 217 reservoir rocks 123-6, 206 Es Sania Field 27 Triassic 118 Esna Formation 209 Devonian 116-17 Essaouira Basin 60, 287, 289, 291,294 Silurian 115-16 magmatism 237 Ordovician 114-15 petroleum system 202 stratigraphy 121 reservoir rocks 206-7, 214 structural setting 109-10 436 INDEX

Ghadames Basin (cont.) stratigraphy 168, 169 tectonic history Hassi Moumeme Field 28 Austrian 114, 126 Hassi M'Sari Field 28 Caledonian 111-12, 125 Hassi R'Mel Dome 23, 24, 26-9, 36-7 Hercynian 112, 125 6 Hassi R'Mel Field 24, 73, 202, 211-12 Taconic 110-11 Hassi Sbaa Field 28 traps 114, 122-3 Hassi Tabankort Formation 177 Ghazalat Basin Hassi Touareg Arch/Axis 14, 20, 24, 29-37, 38-9, 61,64 Palaeozoic tectonic settings 266-7 Hassi Touareg Field 24 petroleum systems 274 Hateiba Field 208 Ghoroud Formation 209 Hercynian orogeny 98, 106, 112, 125-6 Gialo Field 202, 209, 210, 320, 329 Hercynian unconformity 18, 19, 164 Gialo Formation 209 Algeria 134, 137, 187 Gindi Basin 271,276 Morocco 284 Gir Formation 209, 342 High Plateau structural domain 395 glacial deposits, Ordovician 103 highstand systems tract 14, 339 Globigerina marls 276 Devono-Carboniferous 105 Gondwana breakup 217 Silurian 104 Tertiary 236, 244-53 Ordovician 102, 103 Cretaceous 232, 237, 241-44 Cambro-Ordovician 100-1 Jurassic 232, 235, 239-41 Hodna Basin 208,423 Triassic 232, 233, 237-9 exploration history 423 Permian 232, 233,237 hydrodynamics 431 Gondwana Super-Cycle maturation 430-1 lower cycle 14-16 reservoirs 429-30 upper cycle 16-17 stratigraphy 423-5 Gour Mahmoud Field 28 structure 425-9 Gourara Basin 28, 53, 544, 61, 73, 75 Hoggar Swell 252 gravity slide fractures 164 Hoggar Massif 9 Gregory Rift magmatism 251 Hoggar Shield 110 Guarabub Formation 209 horst blocks 328-9 Guellala Field 24 hydrochemistry 184 Gulf of Gab6s petroleum system 202 hydrodynamic studies 126-7, 431 Gulf of Suez hydrodynamic traps 162-3, 180 chronostratigraphy 267 hydrogeology 180 exploration history 70, 265 petroleum systems 274, 277 Iberian Peninsula 239 source rocks 274 Idjerane Horst 53 Guyana Shield 240 igneous intrusions Ahnet Basin 137, 147, 148 Hajeb Field 214 Reggane Basin 137, 146, 149 Halk el Menzel Formation 356 Sbaa Basin 150 Hamada Field 52 see also magmatism Hamra Basin 10, 17, 47-9, 75 illite 124, 162, 171-72 petroleum systems 27, 47, 63 Illizi Basin 10, 16, 26, 41-5, 73, 74, 75, 111, 114, 116, Hamra Field 24 124, 157 Hamra Quartzite Formation 116, 158, 159, 160, 168 exploration history 175 Haniet E1 Beida Field 24 geological map 189 Haouaz Formation 15, 158, 159 hydrodynamic traps 163 Haoud Berkaoui Field 24 petroleum systems 40, 63 Harash Formation 209, 336, 343-4 porosity values 116, 117 Harlania 99 reservoir rocks Hassaouna Formation 14, 158, 159 hydrochemistry 184 Hassi Berkaoui Field 29 hydrogeology 180 Hassi Berkine Field 24 quality 176--80 Hassi Chergui Field 24, 118 stratigraphy 175 Hassi Ilatou Field 28 stratigraphy 2, 103, 105, 159 Hassi Messaoud Arch/Dome 14, 20, 18, 20, 24, 26-7, trap styles 180-84 29, 36-7, 62 see also West Altar Field Hassi Messaoud Basin 2, 157 In Anemas Field 26, 116 Hassi Messaoud Field 14, 24, 73, 167 In Saleh Field 28 reservoirs 168 Indonesia, petroleum reserves 1 diagenesis 168-72 Interatlasic Basin 292-3 quality 172-3 Intermediate Atlas Zone 406 INDEX 437

Intisar Field 210, 212 source rocks 21 inversion effect on faults 313 stratigraphy 115 Isis Formation 208 see also Eastern Sirt Basin; Ghadames Basin; Hamra Israel 241,276 Basin; Kufrah Basin; Murzuq Basin; Sirt Basin lithofacies analysis 351-2 Jebel A1 Haruj magmatism 252 lowstand systems tract 14, 168, 339 Jebel el Akhdar 265, 271,278 Devono-Carboniferous 105 Jebel Massif 9 Ordovician 101, 103 Jebel Rissu Basin 270 Cambro-Ordovician 100 Jebs Formation 209, 356, 383 Jeffara Basin 217 Maamours Field 210, 214 Jeffara Formation 158, 159 Mabruk Field 210 Jos Plateau 241,244 Madagascar, separation of 243,246 Jurassic Maghrebian orogeny 21 Gondwana breakup 232, 235, 239-41 Maghrebian-Ligurian Trough 408 magmatism 219 magmatism 218, 219, 221,225 palaeogeography 271 controls on 231 reservoir rocks 118, 124, 126, 206-7, 291,298, 317 role in Gondwana breakup rifting events 112-14, 205, 206, 219 Cretaceous 234, 236, 241-44 seal rocks 25-8, 35, 62, 291 Jurassic 234, 235, 239-41 source rocks 213, 274, 276, 291,298 Permian 233, 234 stratigraphy 17, 134, 286-8 Tertiary 236, 244-53 tectonics 138, 269-70, 318, 37(~7, 408 Triassic 234, 233, 237-9 volcanism 318 see also igneous intrusions juxtaposition seal 300 Makhrouga Field 24, 118 Mali, magmatism 240, 252 K/Ar dating 238,239, 240, 243,244, 245,246, 249, 25 l, Mamonia Complex 238 253 mantle plumes 231 Kabir Field 27 role in Gondwana breakup 234-7 Kalash Formation 209, 210 Marada Formation 209 kaolinite 124, 162, 171 Maragh Formation 209 Karoo Province 241 Marmarica Formation 209 Kattanyiah Horst 271,274 Marmarica Trough 276 Kabylie Block 21 Masajid Formation 209 Kenya Rift magmatism 251 Matruh Basin, chronostratigraphy 267 kerogen types 25 Matruh Formation 209 Keskessa Field 24 maturation history Ketetna Formation 209 Hodna Basin 430-1 Khabylis microcontinent 214 North Africa 8, 21 Kharita Formation 209, 298 maturity, hot shale 151 Khatatba Formation 209, 298 Mauretanide-Variscan orogeny 17 Kheir Formation 210, 342 Mauritania, magmatism 240 Kheneg E1-Aatene Formation 102 maximum flooding surface (MFS) 100 Kher Formation 209 Medeiwar Formation 209 Khoman Formation 209 Mederba Formation 177 Khrenig Formation 159 Mediterranean magmatism 241,249 Kirchaou Formation 118 Mediterranean Rift 239 Krechba Field 28 Medjerda Zone 375 Kufrah Basin 12, 16, 27, 60, 157, 274 Meem Field 210 stratigraphy 159, 161 Meharez Dome 17 Kurkar Formation 209 Mejerda Zone 406 Kuwait, petroleum reserves 1 Melden Yahya Formation 159 Melez Chograne Formation 15, 158, 159 La Reculee Field 26 Melquart Formation 209 large igneous provinces (LIPS) 240 Memouniat Formation 16, 53, 115, 158 Larich Field 24, 118 Menkel Formation 158, 159 Larnu Embayment 241 Mereksene Field 26, 116, 125 Levant province 241,242 Meskala Field 202 Liberia, magmatism 240 Meskala Horst 291 Libya Mesogea 411 exploration history 73, 76, 265 Mesotethys 270, 271,278 igneous rocks 241 Messdar Field 24, 35 petroleum reserves 1 Messejana dyke 239 petroleum systems 214 Messinian draw down 272 438 INDEX

Messiouta Formation 209 tectonic setting Messlah Field 212, 317, 320, 326, 330 Carboniferous-Permian 267-9 meteoric water 127 Cambrian-Devonian 266-7 Metlaoui Basin 380-83 tectonostratigraphic evolution see Gondwana Metlaoui Group 380, 383, 387 Super-Cycle depositional environment 357-63 unconformities 160-62 E1 Garia Formation Mesozoic-Cenozoic elements 3 diagenesis 363-8 petroleum provinces and systems 25-53,202, 211-15, petroleum potential 371 273-4, 275-6 reservoir quality 368-9, 370-1 source rocks 210-11 stratigraphy 356-7 stratigraphy 206-10 Mexico, petroleum reserves 1 structural history 201-204 migration paths 124-5 tectonic setting migration systems classification 283-4 Tertiary-Recent 271-72 Miocene Cretaceous 270-1 reservoirs 70 Triassic-Jurassic 269-70 sea level 278 tectonostratigraphic evolution see Tethyan Super- Miskar Field 208, 209, 210 Cycle M'kratta Plate Formation 103 North African Platform locality map 157 Mohara Formation 209 North African/Arabian margin Mokatta Formation 209 Cretaceous-Tertiary magmatism 245-6 Morocco Jurassic-Cretaceous magmatism 242-3 basins 60, 284-9 Permian-Jurassic magmatism 237-8 first oil discovery 70 Tertiary-Recent magmatism 248-9 magmatism 240 North Kordofan 239 petroleum systems 21 4-15 North Sea Basin, Sirt Basin compared 321 established 289-92 North Sirt petroleum province 2 predicted 292-4 North-South Axis (Nosa) 376, 406 stratigraphy 159 Nubia Mts 239 Mouelha Formation 419 Nubian Massif 9 M'rar Formation 17, 159 Nubian Sands Group 208 Murzuq Basin 10, 16, 77, 157 nummulite limestone see E1 Garia Formation groundwater tests 164 Nusab E1 Balgum 239 hydrodynamic traps 162-3 petroleum systems 27, 52-3, 64 O Bel Khedim Formation 209 stratigraphy 159, 160, 161 Ohanet Field 26, 116 Murzuq Field 53 oil reserves 1 Oman petroleum reserves 1 Naffusah High 110 Sah Hatat autochthon 238 Nafoora-Augila Field 208, 320, 327 Ora Field 210 Namuar Formation 209 Ordovician Nasb E1 Qash 239 reservoir rocks 34, 46, 53, 114-15, 123, 124 Neotethys 272 sequence stratigraphy 101-3 opening 217, 238,239 source rocks 22 Nezla Field 24, 118 stratigraphy 14, 284 N'Goussa Field 24 tectonics 266-7 Niger, magmatism 238-9, 252 see also Taconic Nigeria unconformities 161 magmatism 238-9 Ouan Kasa Formation 16, 116-17, 159 petroleum reserves 1 Ouargla Formation 159 Nile Delta Oued Ali Formation 159 chronostratigraphy 267 Oued Gueterini Field 202 oil potential 274, 275 Oued Mya Basin 2, 10, 20, 23, 24, 25-7, 28-9, 36-7, 62 Nilotic Province 239, 247 Oued Namous Dome 17 Ningi-Burra complex 241 Oued Noumer Field 24 North Africa regional overview Oued Saret Formation 114 Palaeozoic elements 3 Oued Titles Formation 177 burial history 8 Oued Tourhar Field 28 maturation history 8, 21 Ouenine Formation 46 petroleum provinces and systems 2, 3, 21-3, 53-60, Ougarta Arch/Ridge 15, 16, 17, 56, 134 272-3, 274-5 stratigraphy 99, 101,102, 103, 104, 105 reservoirs 158 60 Ougarta aulacogen 97 structure 9 Ougarta petroleum province 2 INDEX 439

Palaeocene stratigraphy 336-44 Qaret Formation 209 Palaeogene palaeogeography 379-87 Qarqaf Uplift 110 palaeogeography see also Gargaf Arch Palaeogene 379-87 quartz cement 168-9 Cretaceous 272 Quaternary volcanism 252 Jurassic 271 Triassic 118, 270 Permian 269 Raf Raf Formation 209 Carboniferous 269 Raguba Field 208 Devonian 268 Rakb Shale 274, 317, 324 Silurian 268 ramp carbonates palaeotemperature analysis, Algerian wells 140, 141, Metlaoui Group 358-63, 369--70 142 petroleum potential 370-1 Palaeotethys 268, 269, 278 Ras Hamia Formation 118 Palaeozoic basins 18 Rb/Sr dating 238,239, 241,244, 246, 247 Palmyra Basin 217 Red Sea Hills 239 Palmyride Trough 241 Red Sea Province magmatism 249-50 Pan African suture 238 Red Sea-Suez Gulf Rift 271,272 Pan-African orogeny 9 Reggane Basin 28, 60, 62, 64, 73, 132-3 Pangaea 16, 17 burial history 153, 154, 155 Panjal traps 238 geothermal history 135~ Parnaiba-Maranhao Basin 240 methods of analysis 136-7 passive rifting 231-32 results 137-46, 149 Pelagian Platform 406 stratigraphy 133, 133-5 Pelusium Line 271 regressive systems tract 273 permeability Reguibate Arch 17 Tertiary 363, 369, 429, 430 remigration, Tertiary 23, 45, 46, 52, 57, 62 Triassic 26, 28, 29 Remla Formation 209 Devonian 46, 53, 117, 176, 180, 182, 183, 199 Reiouna Formation 159 Silurian 116, 176, 180, 182, 183 reserves estimates 202 Cambro-Ordovician 46, 124, 170 reservoir rock properties seen in outcrop Permian diagenesis 162 Gondwana breakup 232, 233, 237 facies character 158-60 magmatism 218 faults and fractures 162, 163 palaeogeography 269 hydrodynamics 162-3, 164 reservoir rocks 292 unconformities 160-62 rifting events 217, 220 reservoir rocks 3, 202 seal rocks 46 Tertiary 290-1,368-9, 429-30 stratigraphy 17 Cretaceous 207, 298, 317 tectonics 267-9 Jurassic 206-7, 291,292, 298, 317 petroleum provinces (Mesozoic) 202 Triassic 17, 22, 25-6, 35, 46, 124, 206, 211-12, 292 petroleum reserves 1, 24 Permian 292 age classification 4 Carboniferous 53 petroleum systems recognition 283-4 Devonian 46, 52, 53, 107, 123, 176-80, 197-9 phosphorite 379, 383, 385 Silurian 124, 176-80 pipelines first opened 73, 76 Ordovician 34, 46, 53, 107, 123, 167, 173 plate tectonic setting 277-8, 409, 410 Cambrian 34, 35, 46, 54, 107, 167, 172-3 porosity reservoir temperature 212 Tertiary 363, 368 9, 429, 430 Rharb Basin 9, 60, 214, 289, 290-1 Cretaceous 429 petroleum system 202 Triassic 26, 28, 29 Rhazziane Formation 159 Devonian 46, 53, 117, 174, 180, 199 Rhourde Adra Field 24 Silurian 116, 176, 180 Rhourde Chouff Field 24 Cambro-Ordovician 46, 170 Rhourde Chouff structure 35, 61 Porto Farina Formation 209 Rhourde E1 Baguel Field 14, 24, 35 Precambrian basement Rhourde E1 Krouf Field 24 Algeria 99, 133 Rhourde E1 Rouni Field 118, 124 Morocco 284 Rhourde Messaoud Field 124, 125 Prerif Basin 289 Rhourde Nouss Field 24, 118 Prerif ridges 289-90 Rif structural domain 395 progradation sequence 189 rifting classification 231-32 Proto Sirt Basin 266-7 Rimal Field 327 Proto-Clysmic Basin 267-8 rimmed platform 339, 340, 341,345 Pyrenean event 114 Russia, petroleum reserves 1 440 INDEX

Sabah Field 210 Silurian Sabil Formation 209, 342 hot shale maturity 151 lithofacies 351-52 palaeogeography 268 Sabri Field 34 reservoir rocks 115-16, 124, 125, 177 Sah Hatat autochthon 238 seal rocks 46, 52, 107 Saharan Atlas 214 sequence stratigraphy 103-4 petroleum system 202 source rocks 22, 25-8, 29, 35, 45, 46, 56, 60, 107, 274, Saharan Platform of Algeria 97-8, 395 284, 291,292, 293 reservoir rocks 107 stratigraphy 16, 133,284 seal rocks 107 tectonics 266-7 sediments 98 see also Caledonian sequence stratigraphy unconformities 161-62 Carboniferous 106 Sirt Arch 335 Devonian-Carboniferous 104-6 Sirt Basin 12, 17, 75, 317, 318 Silurian 103-4 exploration history 265, 319-21 Ordovician 101-3 magmatism 238 Cambro-Ordovician 98-101 petroleum systems 212-13, 274, 275, 276 source rocks 107 reservoir rocks 206, 207, 210, 323 Saharan Platform of Tunisia 375 source rocks 274, 323-6 Sahel Platform 406 stratigraphy 2, 322-3 Salammbo Formation 209 tectonic history 318 19 Sanrhar Formation 159 trap architecture 31-16, 326-31 Saouaf Formation 209 see also Eastern Sift Basin Sarifi Formation 209 Sirt Formation 208, 336-7 Sarir Field 202, 212 Sirt Rift 21 Sarir Main Field 327-8 Skolithos 99, 100, 101, 102 Sarir sandstone 208, 323 Slougia Formation 159 Saudi Arabia, petroleum reserves 1 smear gouge ratio 304-10 Sbaa Basin 28, 53, 54-6, 64, 73, 75 SNREPAL 70 thermal history 151 Somaa Formation 209 sea-level change, Miocene 278 Somali Coastal Basin 241 seal rocks 208,272-4 Sonatrach 75 Jurassic 21, 25-8, 35, 62, 291 Souar Formation 209, 356 Triassic 22, 22, 25-8, 29, 34, 62, 167 Souar-Cherahil Formation 210 Permian 46 source rocks 3, 8,202 Devonian 22, 107 Tertiary 211,294 Silurian 22, 46, 52, 107 Cretaceous 211,213,276, 294, 323-5 Sebbat Formation 159 Jurassic 210-1 I, 213, 291,294, 298-9 Sebkhat EI-Mellah Formation 99 Triassic 210, 325 Sefiat Formation 159 Carboniferous 293 Segui Formation 209 Devonian 22, 25, 53, 107, 273,292 seismic inversion 347 Silurian 14-16, 22, 25-8, 29, 35, 45, 46, 56, 60, 107, seismic stratigraphic analysis 344-8 274, 284, 291,292-3 seismic technology, developments in 75 Ordovician 22 Selja Formation 380 South Atlas Front Semmama Field 209 fold kinematics 399-400, 402 sequence stratigraphy 337-9 geometry 395-7 Palaeozoic of Algeria structural style 397-9 Carboniferous 106 Southern Sirt petroleum province and system 202 Devonian-Carboniferous 104-6 spillage, Tertiary 23, 45, 46, 52, 57, 62 Silurian 103-4 Stah Field 26, 116, 125 Ordovician 101 3 strain analysis 310-11 Cambro-Ordovician 98-101 stratigraphy, Ghadames Basin 121 Serdj Formation 208 structural high traps 330-1 shale smear seal 300 structural traps 113 Shaterat Formation 209, 343 structure, North Africa 9 sheet sand facies 200 stylolites 163, 190 Shoesan Basin 213 submarine dune facies 190 Shusan petroleum province 2 Sudan, magmatism 244, 247, 251-52 Sidi Behara Field 210, 214 Syria 241 Sidi E1 Itayem Field 209, 210, 214, 385 Baer-Bassit Complex 238 Sidi E1 Kilani Field 210 Syrian Arc 271,272 Sidi Rhalem Field 291 Sidi Toui Formation 159 Tabankort Field 26, 45, 157, 163 INDEX 441

Taconic event 102, 110-11 tilted fault blocks 328-9 Tacutu Trough 240 Tim-Mersoi Basin 241 Tadhak province 238 Timedratine Field 26 Tadla Basin 60, 292, 294 Timimoun Basin 132 Tadrart Formation 16, 52, 111, 116, 124, 159 Tin Fouy6 Field 26, 45, 157, 163 Tagrifet Formation 208, 209 Tin Fouy+ High 110, 115 Tahara Formation 17 Tin Fouy6-Tabankort area 175 Talemzane Arch 17, 18, 25, 34 reservoir rocks Talus fi Tigillites 177 hydrochemistry 184 Tanezzuft Formation 16, 158-60 hydrogeology 180 as source rock 22, 26, 28, 29, 35, 46, 52, 53, 57, 60, quality 176-80 274 stratigraphy 175 Tarfaya Basin 60, 289, 291-92 trap style 180-84 magmatism 235 Tin Zemane Field 26 petroleum system 202 Tindouf Basin 9, 25, 28, 56, 58-9, 62, 64, 73 reservoir rocks 206-7 Tirkine province 238 Tarzarka Field 210, 214 Tit Field 28 Tassili outcrop 013, 102, 104, 105 total organic carbon (TOC) 16, 17, 25, 46, 53 Tazerka Field 209 trace fossils 99, 100, 101,102 tectonic studies 9 Trans African Lineament (TAL) 266, 271 Ghadames Basin transgressive systems tracts 168, 273 Austrian 114, 127 Devono-Carboniferous 105 Caledonian 111-12, 125 Silurian 104 Hercynian 112, 125-7 Ordovician 102 Taconic 110-11 Cambro-Ordovician 98-100 Sirt Basin 318-19 trap types 3, 8, 23, 61, 180-84, 202, 204 Western Desert Platform Ghadames Basin 122-3 Tertiary-Recent 271-72 Sirt Basin 317-18, 326-31 Cretaceous 270-71 Western Desert 299-300 Triassic-Jurassic 269-70 see also hydrodynamic traps Carboniferous-Permian 267-9 Triassic Cambrian-Devonian 266-7 events 205 Zaghouan-Ressas structural belt 408-14 Gondwana breakup 234, 233, 237-9 tectonostratigraphy see Gondwana Super-Cycle; palaeogeography 118, 270 Tethyan Super-Cycle reservoir rocks 22, 25-6, 35, 46, 118, 124, 126, 206, Tehenu Basin 267-9 211-12, 292 Tell structural domain 395 rifting events 112-14, 217, 221, 318 Tellian Atlas 214, 375, 406 seal rocks 22, 25-8, 29, 34, 62 petroleum system 202 source rocks 274, 293, 323, 325 Tertiary stratigraphy 17, 134, 284-6 Gondwana breakup 237, 244-53 tectonics 137-8, 269, 408 palaeogeography 379-87 thermal events 146 reservoir rocks 290-1,429-30 volcanism 218 source rocks 276, 294 Triassic Argilo Greseux 118 spillage 23 Inferieur (TAGI) member 20, 26 stratigraphy 21,289, 336-44, 356-7, 424-5 Superieur (TAGS) member 20, 27 tectonics 138, 271-72, 411-14 Triassic Basin 17, 18 see also Alpine; Pyrenean chronostratigraphy 20 Tethyan Super-Cycle petroleum system 202 lower cycle 17-21 Trottoirs 177 upper cycle 21 Tunisia Thebes Formation 209 lithofacies distribution 387-9 thermal history, Algerian basins 143, 144, 145 offshore sedimentary stratigraphy see Metlaoui thrust model, South Atlas Front 399400 Group Tibesti Massif 9, 252 palaeogeography (Palaeogene) 379-87 Tibesti-Sirt Arch 16, 17 petroleum reserves 1 Tibesti-Tripoli Arch 16 petroleum systems 214 tidal barrier bars 190-94 reservoir rocks 212 Tigi Field 27 stratigraphy 159, 412 Tiguentourine Field 26, 27, 74 structural setting 375-9 Tiguentourine Formation 159 structural zones 406 Tiguentourine High 115 see also Ghadames Basin; Zaghouan-Ressas Tihemboka Arch/High 16, 21, 45, 73, 110, 115 structural belt Tilrhemt Dome 17, 63 Tunisian Atlas 375 442 INDEX turbidite facies 16, 160 petroleum systems Turkey, Antalya Complex 238 reservoirs 298 sources 298-9 Uaddan horst 241 traps 298-9 unconformities Western Desert Basin 12, 17 Silurian 161-62 Western Desert, regional overview Ordovician 161 exploration history 265 Cambrian 160-1 petroleum systems 274-6 U/Pb dating 249 tectonic controls on 277-8 Uweinat Province 239 source/seal/reservoir associations 2724- tectonic setting Variscan orogeny 16 Tertiary-Recent 271-72 see also Hercynian Cretaceous 270-1 Vexillum 99 Triassic-Jurassic 269-70 Viking Graben, Sirt Basin compared 321 Carboniferous-Permian 26%9 vitrinite reflectance (VR) 136, 138, 430 Cambrian-Devonian 266-7 volcanism Western Egypt petroleum system 213-14 Tertiary 247, 248, 249, 250, 251,252, 253, 271 Cretaceous 244, 245, 246, 247, 318 Yasmin Field 210, 214 Jurassic 218,239, 240, 241,242, 243, 244 Yemen, magmatism 250 Permian-Triassic 218, 237, 238

Wadi el Natrun Formation 209 Zaghouan thrust sheet 417 Wadi el Teh Field 24, 118, 124 Zaghouan-Ressas structural belt (ZRSB) 406 Waha Field 208 models of evolution 414-19 West African/Central Atlantic magmatism petroleum prospectivity 419-20 Tertiary Recent 248 structure 406-8 Cretaceous-Tertiary 244-5 tectonic framework 408-14 Jurassic-Cretaceous 242 Zagros 238 Jurassic 2394-0 Zaire Rift magmatism 251 West Alrar Field 187 Zaranda complex 241 facies analysis 188-94 Zarat Field 210 facies model 194-7, 198 Zargal Naam 239 reservoir quality 197-9 Zarzaitine Field 26 stratigraphy 187-8 Zebbag Formation 208 Western Desert, Egypt Zelten Field 210, 212 carbonates, effects of faulting on 313 Zelten horst 241,291 fault seal analysis zircon fission track analysis (ZFTA) classification 300-1 Algeria basins study graphical methods 301-11 methods 136-7 fault seal stratigraphy 311 results 1374-6 fault seismic character 313 Zone de Passage 177 fault throw 312 Zone of Domes 375 inversion, effect on faults 313 Zotti Field 24, 34