Ptt. S^.IX62 — m —
V dnm e I WSKS Saturday No 1 - i | 12th July,13ihH 1952 ay, 1952
PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES
HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE OFFICIAL REPORT
(Part II—Proceedings other than Questions and Answers)
(Part II - Proceedings Other than Questions and Answers)
parliament secbetabiat NEW DELHI
Price Six Annas (Inland) Price Two Shillings (Foreign) THE PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (Part II~Proceeding8 other than Questions and Answers) OFFICIAL BEFOBT
3676 307d HOUSE OF THE PEOPLE have before me the Delhi Edition of the Times of India of the 5th July. On Saturday, 12th July, 1952. page five of that issue, there is a fairly detailed report of a speech al leged to have been made by Mr. The House met at a Quarter Past Sundarayya, who is th6 Leader of the-- Nine of the Clock. Communist Party in Parliament. I do not want to detain the House by read [Mr. Speaker in the Chair} ing the whole of the report, because it is not relevant to my purpose. But QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS I may invite the attention of the House (No Questions Part I not published.) to one passage. I am quoting it from this paper: POINT OF PRIVILEGE “About Dr. Sinha’3 allegations in Parliament, Mr. Sundarayya A lleged speech of Sh ri S undarayya slatc:G tnai the documents in question were false, fraudulent Shri B. Shiva Rao (South Kanara— and forged and the Privileges South): Sir, I am grateful to you for Committee of Parliament had now giving me permission under rule 199 aimc3t completed its investiga of the Rules of Procedure to raise a tions and Dr. Sinha was finding it Question which, in my view, concerns difficult to get out of the situa a priviloie of the Committee of Privi tion." leges. I am assuming that this report is I do not think it is to a fairly and substantially correct ver argue at any length that a Committee sion of what Mr. Sundarayj^a said in which has been constituted by you is the course of his speech. If my as entitled to expect that no part of its sumption is correct. I have no hesita proceedings will be published either. tion in saying that that report is utter prematurely or in an unauthorised ly improper and highly objectionable fashion. I am raisir^ this matter be from every point of view. I invite cause I want to invite your attention your attention in order that appro and the attention of the J-louse to a priate action may be taken under report which has been published, and rule 203 of the Rules of Procedure. which, to me, seems to be much more serious than either premature or iin- Shri Frank Anthony: (Nominated— authorised. Ans'.o-Indian): May I know where Mr. Sundarayya made the statement? About two or three weeks ago, on a statement made by my hon. friend, Shri B. Shira Rao: At Moga, in the the Leader of the Communist party Punjab. in this House, Mr. Gopalan, you were pleased to refer the question of the Mr. Speaker: The report is there. authenticity of certain documents Hon. Members may refer to the re placed on the Table of the House'by port. I do not think it is Mr. Shiva Dr. Satyanarayan Sinha. and from Rao's contention that the report cor which documents he had made ex rectly represents whsft Mr. Sundarayya tensive quotpiions in the course of his said. Any way, pnma facie, I think, speech on the Defence estimates, to this is a case which should go to the the Committee of Privileges. So far Privileges Committee, and , may be the Committee has not made any re considered along with the main ques port. To my great surprise. I saw tion of privilege which they are con m the Times of India, a few days ago, sidering. The Committee will of « reference to the proceedings of the course, go into the qu^tion as to how Committee in regard to this mater. I far the report Is correct and, if so. whether it constitutes ft an^p 92 P.S.D. m n Po m of pntfsiw 12 JULY lt92 tUwolutkm to. Unguime m s StaUs [Mr. Speaker] Mr. (Weaker: That would be for if 80 . vthm i ilipt this House should the Conunittee. 1 do not want to take will also be recommended by the anticipate that The Committee will Committee in their report. I thiok certainly examine whether Mr. that is enough for the present Sundarayya said so. Then the Timer Shri Velayiidluui: (Quilon cum of India comes. It has reported. If Mavelikkara—Reserved—Sch. Castes): the Committee finds that Mr. Sundar- On a Mint of information, Sir. Are ayjra did hot say so, the burden will we taking into account anything ap- be heavily upon the Times o/ India* t>earing in the Press? Mr. Speaker Order, order. The hon. Member’s question is entirely ELECTION TO COMMITTEE irrelevant It is not anything in the Indian Council of Medical Research Press that we are taking note of. Mr. Speaker: I have to inform the Shri Velayodiuui: You gave a House that upto the time fixed for similar ruling. . . -, . . receivii^ nominations for the Indian Council of Medical Research, six Mr. Speaker: Order, order. The nominatinr^*; were received. Subse report in the Press distinctly mentions quently four Members withdrew their Mr. Sundarayya and it attributes to liim certain statements in connection candidature. As the nimiber of the with a matter which is under investi remaining candidates was thus equal gation by the Privileges Committee, to the numoer ot vancancies in the and admittedly, the House has not Committee. I declare the following yet received the report of the Privi Members to be duly elected: leges Committee It is therefore 1. Dr. Satyaban Roy. becttsary, I think, to investigate the 2. Dr. S. A. Ebenezer. facts. Therefcm. I said that the Com mittee will investigate as to whether Mr. Sundarayya did say so as a matter RESOLUTION RE LINGUISTIC of fact and if so. it is for the Com STATES mittee to consider further the circum stances in which he said so and Mr. Speaker: The House will now whether iiis statement constitutes a proceed with the further discussion on breach of privilege, and state what the resolution re Linguistic States the recommendations of the Com moved by Shri Tnshar Chatter.iea on mittee are. The report will be the 7th July, 1952. The • time-limit, as before the House and ultimately the hon. Members already know, is 1!^ House will d ^ e . minutes. The discussion will include the amendments moved. Shri S. S. More (Sholapur): is not Mr. Sundarayya outside the pur view of this House? Mr. Speaker: No one in the Indian Union is outside the jurisdiction of this House. ^ 4 ^ g ftr w ^ Shri S. S. More: As far as this question is concerned? ?ri»T?r f i it? Mr. Speaker: As far as the pri SIFTHT 3fr JT? t vileges are concerned. It is not competent for any person high or low, v r Jm insids or outside the House, to act or .speak in a manner which ofTend.s. the diginity or interferes with the privi ^ f%Jn leges of this House or any Member of this House. Let there be no mis 3TT 1 understanding or misapprehension that anybo^, on the ground that he is not a Member of this House, is entitled to say-anything about this A' ^ aror Hous^. ^ ^ arnft t ’, ^ SM S. B. More: Will the Com mittee go M o question of the »TO?St afk ’Trrr respensiDility* ot the Times of India people! . Wt9 ResvlutUm U JUUY 19S2 lAnguitUe States 3690
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5fft a m ? r m w Iw s r f, *T7i^t. n^rT.cfrafiT^Hf I ^ *1T WTT^ f m r I ^ IM N K 5IF?ff HIT^ ^ % ?> 5fr«T f, trqp %fT
^ w*T ^ fv®f- iJs inf • KWfw ifjlvr, % fimm «fk % 'fir f» tftr ^ ^ ^ ^ T5 nWt, ^ftr f%?rmsrtir «ftr ^ ^ ?IRI TM’TT ^ *T^W Ppfl Mr. Speaker: I find that. hon. Mem anr qf? nmwR uFcft ^ • bers are talking amongst themselves and passing remaTks. Let us not carry «!»> ^ K.U >Tr ^ «FT «I?W ?5 fiTT ilfirt *'T’TT STRTT t . ' f® t W 5ft ^ I 11^ ^^TTT ^ ?TiT^ ^ ^ 4K ff^ fd t . f*rr^ ^ sit 'rPd^'ifrr ^ t f ^ a r k ^ ^ 3 f k a p T ^ t , iJTrtt f s r ^ ^nr^marf ' ^ft ^ fJT ^ f^Tvmr ^ giJpTT t . ^ ^ ^ I ?r> ^ ^ ?>iT I ftT ^ cn: ^ % sftT ^ 5T5HT ^ r r ^ I A' JTTJTcTT ^ f^ 3f) sr?cTTW ?5cr m^ ^ t 3T^ irf? am 31? 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CMm (SuUpur): This Indira National Congresa. the British is a very delicate question, and I wish Governmabt to undo or unsettle this matter would be discussed in the what was declared to be the settled House without anj passion or any fact. Then alio they took sufficient appeal to sentiments. This question care to aee that the real implication has practically been raised by the of the hrst partition might be m ain Congress and it has now become a tained. So they put certain portions problem ior the Congress to solve. of the Bengali-speaking area into If it is a ghost that scares the people Bihar. The partition was annulled in now, it has been raised by the 1911. The same year when the Congress for years, and now it is for Congress met, it passed a resolution them to lay the ghost. Language can moved by no less a person than Dr. never be totally dissociated from the Tej Bahadur Sapru and supported idea of a State, but it has never been oy Shri Paremeshwar Lai, a Congress inseparably connected with any na leader from Bihar, urging the Govern tion-state now. We find instances of ment to return those portions, those States containing for centuries peoole Bengali-speaking portions, to Bengal. speaking many languages. Switzpr- The British Government also made an land was the best example of that. announcement that the arrangement The * German-speaking pooulatioa of boundary then made was only a would never like to be merged with temporary one and it would later on Germany or Austria, nor would the be rectified. In January 1912, I think, French or Italian speaking portion only within two or three weeks of the like to go to France or to Italy. passing of the resolution in the Similarly, the Elemish-speaking por Congress, some Congress leaders from tion of Belgium would not like to go Bihar, including Dr. Sachchidananda to Holland nor the French-speaking Sinha. Shri Deep Narayan Sinha. Shri portions of Belgium would like to so Paremeshwar Lai, Mr. Mohd. Fakir- to France. Language can cut across uddin. Shri Nand Kishore and others, the idea of a State or the idea of a issued a statement in which they said nationhood. But when we have been they suprported the Congress resolu for so many years spreading this tion and said “Such tracts in the theory and saying that States or Pro Santal Parganas where the prevailing vinces should be resettled on the language is Bengali should go to linguistic basis, now we cannot shirk Bengal and the Hindi-speaking tracts the responsibility of solving this pro of the district should remain in Bihar. blem. And the dimension this pro As fo^ chot^ Nagpur, the whole dis blem has taken and the ootential trict of Manbhum and the Pargana danger that is involved in this Ques Dhalbhum of Singhbhum district tion should also not be lost sight of. were Bengali-speaking and should go to Bengal, the rest of the Division which was Hindi-speaking remaining Hindi has been taken by this House in Bihar.” That was the opinion given as the State language for the whole by eminent leaders of Bihar in a of India. There is no question of any public statement. Slate Government suppressing the spread of Hindi, except at the cost of I do not like that this question its own inhabitants. But when it should be discussed in this House with f'omes to the question of some other ^ any passion or any sentiment. But I lanffuage beinc spoken, in some States know certain events happening in then we would expect those States these areas are directed to suppress which consist of preponderantly Hindi the Bengali language. Bengali is not speaking people, to show .some amount even taught in some of the primary of tolerance and an amount of genero schools in those areas. I can refer to sity as also of imagination in dealing some eminent Congressmen of Bihar, with their compatriots speaking some including Dr. Rajendra Prasad, who, language other than Hindi. when they used to visit these areas in the course of their Congress work, al ways used to address public meetings in Bengali. Now the Government of I am here referring particularly to Bihar demands that these are Hindi-' the problem now becoming somewhat speaking areas. I appeal to the Hindi- bitte, between Bihar and West '^neaking people that they should show Bengal. When Bengal was partition some generosity to the minority ele ed in 190.5 it was a punitive measure ments speaking a language other than against the political consciousness Hindi. that was growing in Bengal. It was a measure devised to guard against the I have stated that Hindi is the political influence of the Bengalis, or State language and there can be no oarticularly of the Bangali Hindus. question of any State Government Then, due to the agitation strrted taking any step to suppress the de there and later on taken up by the velopment of Hindi except at the cost S687 ftesolution rt. 12 JULY 1952 LinguiMtic States 3J8S: of its own inhabitants. In Bengal there Shri A* C. Gnha: I would say that are several lakhs of Hindi-speaking there is a potential danger to our people, several lakhs of people com national solidarity in this question of ing froni Bihar» and I do not think linguistic provinces. Just a few there has been any animosity bet minutes ago when my predecessor, ween the Bengali-speaking people of Seth Govind Das was referring to cer Calcutta and the Hindi^peaking people tain areas of the United Provinces be there. Last year, when there was ing taken over and tagged on to certain something Uke a near-famine condi areas of C. P. to be formed into an tion in North Bihar, several lakhs of other province, there were protests people migrated from those areas to from the Hindi friends. We have the territory of Bengal and Bengal, known of some cases in other coun in spite of her shortage of food, did tries also where Arabic is the not take any step to close the doors. common language and so many So, I would beg of the Bihar Govern Arab States are fighting amongst ment and the leaders of Bihar to see themselves. Even if you try to put that in these areas the Bengali all the States on a linguistic basis, I do latlguage gets its proper place. not think the Hindi-speaking popula tion will agree to such a proposal. In this connection I would also Then the Hindi-speaking States would draw attention to the election results number, I think, not less than five or in these areas. In the whole of Chota six. I do not think they would agree Nagpur. I think the Congress could to have one or even two Hindi-speak not get more than one-third of the ing States in the whole of India to seats. I think out of 86 seats, the absorb all the Hindi-speaking popula Congress could get only 26 in the local tion. So it is not a practical pro Assembly. Why is this? This is, I posal now to put all the States on a should say, due to what may be called linguistic basis. Then how to solve an attitude of insolence on the part this problem? We must find out some ot the Hindi-speaking people. An way to solve it. I would say that the other area where the Congress could Government should devise some means not get effective election results to put the provinces on some economic is the Santal Parganas, where also and administrative basis and also, I the lanffuaro question is rather di may say. on a topographical basis. fficult. So the Congress and the leaders of Bfhar should take cognizance of I may also refer here to a proposal these things and should be careful which was first mooted by the Cabinet about handling the people who are Mission on the 16th June 1946. That not Hindi-speaking. If the Hindi proposal was to have some zone or speaking people take up an attitude groups. My friend, Seth Govind Das. of in^olencp. it will rather be detri was also referring to something like mental to the interests of Hindi. that. I do not know if the Government Mr. Speaker: May I remind thehon. can try to revive that proposal and if Member that the chief point of the they will have groups instead of so debate is not Hindi vs. other languages. many States. Though we have been The anestion is the desirability or supporting this proposal of having otherwise of linguistic provinces. linguistic provinces, in view of the practical difficulties in grappling with Shri Syamnandan Sahaya (MuzafTar- this problem, it will not be a practical pur Central): On that the hon. Mem proposal at the present moment at ber has already given an opinion. least. If some day a Boundary Com Mr. Speaker; It is wrong on the mission is set up—and I think it should part of the hon. Member to carry on be set up in some near future—then a discussion like that. that Boundary Commission should be given the task of considering if instead Shri A. C. Guha: My submission was of having so many linguistic States that this question has taken different there may be some groups—within shapes in difTerent areas. In Bihar the groups there may be something this question has taken the ^hape of like a small federation or federating conflict between different languages. units. That will be. I think, a more practical solution of the whole ques Mr. Speaker: May I interrupt? tion. While he was talking of Bihar and the position of the Bengali-speaking Shri M. A. Ayyan^ar (Tirupati): population of Bihar, I thought that he This resolution has my theoretical was; making an argument about the support. But from a practical point undesirability of not having linguistic . of view. I think the resolution, if it is provinces. But now he goes further accepted, cannot be implemented im and crosses the carrier and puts the mediately. And the grounds are very question of Hividi vs. other languages. serious. So far as the desirability of That IS the distinction. it is concerned, that was accepted long •S689 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3600 [Shri M. A. Ayyangar] long ago and I agree that at some time differences between brother and brother, 01 other this country must be divided between one Hindi-speaking area and on a linguistic basis. The majority another Hindi-spedkiilg area and the of the Statas in this country are al trouble that might come out of it. I ready on a linguistic basis though, no had.supported my friend, Seth Govind doubt, here and there some small ad Das when he said that a portion of justments hav'e to be made with re Uttar Pradesh may be added on to gard to boundaries. Assam is a the northern portion of Maha Koshal linguistic area. West Bengal is a so as to form an equally big Hindi linguistic area. Bihar is a linguistic speaking State like Uttar Pradesh. area, the whole of Uttar Pradesh has one language, in Rajasthan there ls ^5 : May I inter one language, and in the Punjab they have got their own language, and so rupt, Sir ? ^ n far as Orissa is concerned Oriya is the prevailing language. Therefore, so >fr 3rr.q% far as these States are concerned they are already on a linguistic basis. But a small difference in adjustment has to be made in the South and in Bom bay. Bombay consists of Maha rashtra. Karnataka and Gujerat. I do -5 ^ not know if Gujerat can be joined with Saurashtra—Gujerat and Saurrshtra i ‘ can go together and they can . have a Shri M. A. Ayyangar: We from the Maha Saurashtra or Maha Gujerat. South are afraid. If the whole Maha Even otherwise it will add only one Koshal will join Uttar Pradesh then more State to the total number of Uttar Pradesh will become such a States. Today the only States to be big State that all of us will be over interferred with in that mai^ner and shadowed by it. Even though it may split up are Bombay, Madhya Pradesh be one linguistic State, we are ter and Madras. There are already so ribly afraid of a linguistic State bulg .many States in existence and if only ing out so big and overshadowing the we add two more to the total number other Chhota States in the South. we will have the whole of India divid ed on a linguistic basis. Let us not In respect of Kerala there is only be imder the impression that we are one district, Malabar, which is in the going to add a number of States and Madras State and it cnn easily be divide the countrv into a number of joined to Travancore-Cochin and chhota States and bring our country made part of a homogeneous State. to the same position as existed long ago—Anga, Vanga, Kalinga, Vidharbha, iO A.M. etc.—there were ^fty odd States long ago. But even if there should be re Now I come to Andhra. The ^laim adjustment on a linguistic basis we may of Andhra stands on a different foot not be adding more than one or two, at ing altogether from the rest. the most three new States in our Formerly Orissa was separated on the country. Take, for instance. Bom one side from Bihar and on the other bay. Tlie portion of Karnataka may side from Andhra, but still Koraput be tacked on to Mysore and and some area on the border which Coorg to form a homogeneous Kar is claimed to be Telugu and where the nataka State in which case Mysore majority of the people are Telugu- being already a State we will not be speaking, have been tacked on to adding to the total number of States. Orissa. So this trouble is still going So far as Maharashtra is concerned on. Take, for instance, the border it will be a new State. I hope they between Bihar and Bengal. I agree will give up Maha Vidharba for some with the demand of Bengalis that that lime—I hope Maha Vidharba will go portion of Bihar towards the east must with Maharashtra because the language go to Bengal, it is a legitimate claim. is common. My friend, Dr. Deshmukh If in a large chunk of territory the peo is under the impression that he has ple speaking a particular language got the right immediately to split it want to have their own administration, up—let him not be under that impres what is the meaning of their imposing sion. The solution of the problem of their will against a small linguistic the rest of Madhya Predesh means minority and insisting on their mixing ^ater with water—for instance, . continuing there notwithstanding the Bundelkhand goes with Uttar Pradesh. fact that they speiak a different langu But my difficulty is this: It appears age altogether? It is inconsistent. easy to us to sit and divide the countrv Therefore, let us be true to our profes on a linguistic basis, but look at the sions. If we want to divide the areas 8 601 Resolution rei 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3692: o n a linguistic basis let those small this resolution to consider these fac-^ chunks at territory adjoining the tors. At present it is unlike the Bri border which have an altogether diffe tish regime when we used to pass re* rent language be separated, let us not solutions which may be accepted or try to grab them and enforce our will may not be accepted. If today this upon them merely because that territory resolution is passed by a democratic is necessary to make our territory big. Parliament like this it will have to be That is the consideration both with accepted by the Government. If it is respect to Orissa and Andhra on the passed they must cither accept it and one hand and West Bengal and Bihar implement it or else Jhey must go out on the other. of office. Therefore, the hon. Member I shudder to think of the many pro who has tabled this resolution will blems that we may have to face in. the kindly think it over and also kindly solution of this question. Difficulties consider whether the time is propitious will arise if immediately we undertake for this business of linguistic division. the splitting of this country into linguis Actually it may come to pass much tic areas. I know some time ago there sooner than we expect. While many was a desire on the part of Kerala peo of our older people live we may have ple from Malabar for an Aikya Kerala, the country divided on this basis and a United Kerala. Travancore was in set at rest maiiy of the difficult pro- dependent and so was Cochin even ^ absolute sympathy for though with much smaller resources. me Telucjus in Orissa and for the ' but now when once they ha\'e been Benphs in Bihar. It is a matter which joined together eternal differences, al must be adjusted some day, but today most to the extent of fighting each the time is not propitious for it. other and leading to a rebellion, are developing between Cochin and Travan Let me say a few words on Andhra core. They say Cochin is not properly lest I should be misunderstood as not represented, that Cochin is facing a lot being in sympathy with the Andhras. of diiTicuItics. I have tried to study I presided over an Andhra Mahasabha the pioblem. Cochin was an indepen so early as 1938 and demanded the for- dent State, they had their own oro- matioi: of a separate Andhra Province. blcins, they had their own Ministers, Q h e Andhra Province can be easily and so on. But sufficient representa- formed. U n a joint Hindu familv, ■ lion is not given to them in the Travan- orothers live together in amity and corc-Cochin Assembly and therefore without diflficulty and do not want to trouble is brewing there. separate from one another until their wives begin to quarrel. And remember Likewise, my fear is that if we start i P^^^ed on th e today on this linguistic division there hearth, the rice is half-cooked, the will be enormous trouble brewing. younger brother will come and break Therefore, what I suggest is the pot. That is the position as between that you must allow this idea the Andhras and Tamilians in South v to go round with respect to aD India today. The elder brother breaks\ the other States in the country, and the pot, I agree; not the younger I allow it to percolate in people’s minds. brotherj This is one of the steps that we have , taken in this regard. There is so much The Minister of State for Finance support for the resolution. On the (Shri Tyagi): The trouble has beei> other side, whoever opposes it does not created by the wives. oppose it on the principle that division Mr Speaker: I think this practice on a linguistic basis is not proper or of talking and taking the whole debate desirable. But we have to consider the so lighUy as though we were staging conditions that are obtaining in the something by way of a drama or some country today. We are trying * to con theatrical performance’s really deprec solidate the whole country into a able. I feel so much disappointed and nation: aftefr its divinsion on a religius depressed that the House should take basis if we divide it on a linffuistio the very serious things that are being basis—is this the proper time for that? discussed, in such a light mood as that. On our border there are so many pro Pandit Balkrishna Sharma (Kanpur blems. The international situation is Distt.—South cum Etawah Distt.— also not so clear; one week it appears East): When brothers’ wives are in as if the war clouds have disappeared, troduced naturally the debate becomes another week it appears as if they have lighthearted. gathered again. If a conflict should iirise, should we be going on struggling Mr. Speaker: Let us consider these against smaller things like this, putting matters seriously or stop this debate one district here and one there and and waste of time. Every Member is : dividing the country on a linguistic entitled to be heard with respect. I basis? That way many more troubles Whether we agree with his opinion or I rnay be created. Therefore, I appeal not is immaterial. He is giving his I to the hon. Members who have tabled own ideas, his own opinions and hi? 3694 ^hri M. A. ATTUgar] town facts. Let them be considered. ous. The people there have become a co6lly. Here is a very important pro little agitated over this matter. There blem, as can be seen from the speeches fore, they do not want a separation of delivered here and the agitation that is the Madras Province, because if the :going cn in the country. Let us not Andhra Province is formed it will be ^deal with it lightly in tlie manner in come a very small unit and the Riiyal- which we are doing at present. assemites fear that sufficient money lor the development of Rio^alaseema Shri M. A. Ayyangar; This agita may not become available. Further, tion for an Andhra Province is nearly Madras city is so near Rayalaseema and forty years old. The Andhra Province, if Madras city does not become the if it is carved out, will be an economic capital ol the new Andhra Province unit, even apart from naving Vishal they will have to travel a distance of Andhra by taking a portion of Hydera- ::00 or 300 miles from one extreme 'bad and attaching it to Andhra Pro corner to Bezwada, from Anantpur etc. vince. This has been conceded on There are influential opinions here and various platforms by the Congress, and there against the immediate formation the Madras Legislative Council also of Andhra Province, although I do not passed resolutions many a time and the say that the Rayalaseemites will not Andhra Province was on the point of ultimately agree. This matter has to <*oming tc fruition two years ago. It be settled not by one man undertaking broke down on the question whether .a fast This matter has to be settled Madras city should form part of Andhra amicably Even Rajaji the other day or whetiier it should be broken up into said that he is not against an Andhra two parts, one part going to Tamil Nad Province. The Prime Minister has and another part going to Andhra. The stated that Andhra Province stands on other alternative was to convert a different footing for the reason that Madras city into a separate Chief Com this agitation has been going on for a missioner’s Province. We, the Andhra longer time. Let us the Andhra Mem Members in Parliament, agreed that we bers here and outside—put our heads need not worry ourselves with Madras together and try to evolve an agreed <*ity for the time being. It miijhl be formula, and not insist upon Madras carved out of the Madras State, which city coming into the Andhra Province is a composite province consi.sting of immediately Let us not ask that the Andhra portions, Kerala portions and whole of Madras city should become Kannada portions and Tamil >Jad. We part and parcel of Andhra Province. 3 aid, let that composite province remain It can never become. So if Madras is ahd from it. the Andhra districts may partly Andhra and partly Tamilian, it be taken out and converted into an would be better, or it may be convert -Andhra Province. Unfortunately, some ed into a Chief Commisioner’s Province, friends fasted and their fast did not cr the third alternative is that it may help the matter but disturbed the situa be relegated to South India or Tamil tion here Some other friends went to Nad. Dr. Lanka Sundram does not accepi Madras and said, “Madras city is ours; the third ptx)position. (Dr. Lanka Madras city is ours.’* Some Andhra Sundram: Yes.) Then let us 3xplore 'irentlemen went about the streets of the possibility of Ihe other two alter Madras saying that Madras city is natives If ihnl is done. I am sure the theirs. Tamilians’ voices are not want Prime Minister will pay heed to our ing which will cry more hoarsely that request and form the Andhra Province Madras city is theirs exclusively. That apart fiom the general question of is the difficulty. We wanted to go in carving out linguistic States. to this matter and get the province as early as possible, and take the question The pre.sent resolution is in general -of Madras city later. Madras will not terms and I am sorry I shall not be go anywhere. WiU it disappear into able to agree to it being passed. the Bay of Bengal? If the Andhra pro vince is formed, we shall be in a better Mr. Speaker: Shri B. Mahata. ■position then with our own Governor, Shri S.'S. More (Sholapur): We have -with our own Ministers, to put pressure moved some amendment.s. Shall we be upon the Central Government and say given a chance? that a portion of Madras should come to-us. or that Madras city should be Mr. Sl»eaker: Did they not get a formed into a separate Chief Com- chance last time? ‘ misioner’s Province. But our friends Ihere had no patience. Shri S. S. More: No. Mr. Speaker; They will be gvien a In the interval, the districts of chance, but not necessarily everyone. Bayalaseema were affected by famme. For the last four or jive years, famine has Shri 8. S. More: The persons who been raging there. It has become notori have moved amendments are very few. RfS^lution re 12 JX^Y 1^52 UnguiMtic SXatea 3696 v. and if priority is to be given, it should be given to us. Mr. Speaker: If I give an undertak % iTf ing tliat everyone who moves an amend ment will get a chance to speak, I (^>T?rT) ^ ^cT I sn^5TT?!T i>hall be getting amendments galore. I (sifcftJT?IT) ^ ^5f I I t shall look at the representative charac ter of the speakers and I shall give a ^ ?RW5ng ft? iT^siT^^r^cn ^ 11 chance tc people from different pro vinces—representative persons—to have T R ^rrgrr «TT I ^ their say. I called upon this particular gtiitlemari. firstly, because he is not H ^!jm % ark #i^5yT 5ft ? P R t sfJTrn • SRHT ^Jnft a m TFJJT t ^ W T «ft ?r^5ft^f> # 1 ^ r T 5Trf^?r I ^ I ark ^ srr^ ftr^rTT 11 ^ Tf% I ff^'V >rm sfft [M r . Deputy Speaker in the Chair] ^’Trft #>T55T [ «r> ifto JT^RTf ] friV I 3rtT t ^’W t ^fv 3T*rf ^ 3n% v t W5TT^ 11 ^ ^?ITar ^<{r ?ft ^ Vt ^JTR t WtftfT *r^!TTnafrt^?T?rWr%^n«rf*Fin ?TTTR % ??rm ^?ITqT I I 3ft ^ TT5JT % 3R55 If fv ?»rRT ^ Tf ?TT ^ *mT I I f I TT ir m 11 arnr 5^rf5w it arn% u ft v x m g ^ *TT5T^ ^ I 3T¥ 3T¥ 5T^ STTT ^ ^ ^ vwr^ sft^^rr^n R*ftfcrr arrr ^ ^ ' t | f «ft ?rt %?TT3rli % ^ g^rrm ^ 5 1 HT11 rT thirty years ol doinn propaganda, passitig resoUitions in the Workine jj^'t t 'nf^rTT^ # t oinnnttee and putting the promise be.or.^ the people in U»4o as well as in ^ ?IrnqT ^TctT I ^ ?T7^ >ft i!'.-)!. today we should be aiscussing the question of linguistic provinces and 3Hrn t|» tt i ark redistribution of the Stales on a iinguis- lic basis. But I am happy to find that ^*TT T^’IT I Jf^r as far as the principle is concerned there is nobody, except one or two, who objects to it. As far as the practical ^JTT S>»IT I impJemention of it is concerned, the difficulties are pointed out. I can un derstand the difficulties, because not only with regard to the question of f^3 T 5 T ^ 3T>T qrfw^mJT ^ linguistic provinces but with regard to all the other questions in respect of aft H»i?T I f?5$ TP? ^nr which promises have been made, the practical difficulty is placed before th? ^?tT I F^ ajrm fir^y wk people when they agitate for imple mentation of those promises. sp^ fejTr ^ I tbeir own wishes and genius. It dividual however great he' may be has also stood for the nreedom of may net be very anxious about each group and territorial area lingiilstic provinces, but the Congress within the nation to developi its Cqmn^lttee was there and the Con own life and culture wittiin t& gress Committee had passed resolu larger framework and it has stated tions and had placed before the peo that for this purpose such terri ple in 1946 and also in 1951 that torial areas or provinces should certain practical steps would be taken t>e constituted, as far as possible for the implementation of these things. on a linguistic a^d cultural basis**. Now, it is said iiat it is not the anxiety of onjs individuaL howaver Not only that. Further in the mani much he may differ from this decision, festo it is stated: to implement the promises that had ‘‘The federation of India must been given to the people at the time be a willing union of its various of the elections both in 1946 and 1951, parts. In order to gi^e the maxi and also to respect the resolutions of mum of freedom to the constituent the Congress Working Committee units there may be a minimum list passed so many years ago. I not only of common and essential federal find that there is a promise that they subjects which will apply to all agree on the principle of re-distribu umts, and a further optional list tion of States on a linguistic basis of common subjects which may be but I' find that there is a going back accepted by such units as desire even on that principle. They have to do so.** today said that we do not agree with the principle of linguistic provinces. So, it is not only a question of the It had been put on record; it had been redistribution of the provinces on a passed by the Working Committee; it Unguistic basis; also the subjects which had been put before the people. may be accepted have b ^ stated They say that there are practical there. I can understand the practical difficulties. rlifficulties and about the slogan of practical difficulties even in 1946. Going into the practical d iffic u lt, i; in the election manifesto of 1951, the Prime Minister says: they had clearly stated that they ac cepted the principle of lin^istic pro- “I have been over-burdened by vmces, but there were difficulties and the thought that in these critical so we would have to wait for a long days or years we must give top time. I can certainly understand that. most priority to developing a sense But, they have stated in the election of unity in India and that any manifesto: thing that might come in the way of that unity might perhaps be •'A demand for a re-distribution^ deitiyed u ilUk. wc liavt; laid df provinces on a linguistic basis that strong foundation-^-because has been persistently made in the of that I frankly say that I have south and west of India. The i^ot taken any steps.” Congress expressed itself in favour of linguistic provinces many years ago. A decision on this question The resolution is very clear. It has ultimately depends upon the wishes been said that it is not for the division of the people concerned. While of India. It is not for the balkanisa- linguistic reasons have undoubted tion of India. The resolution says: ly a certain cultural and other “inunediate steps should be taken to Importance, there are other fac redistribute the States on a linguistic tors such as economic, administra basis and that the boundaries of the tive and financial which have to existing States be readjusted accord be taken into consideration. Where ingly**. How does this go against the such a demad represents* the unity of India? What are the practi greed views of the people cal difficulties today? I do not know. concerned, the necessary steps Only if we shut our leyes, we can say we prescribed by the Constitution in are all one. The division of India into cluding the appointment of a so many multilingual States is not of Boundary Commission, should be our mukixisi. II has beeii llieie because taken.*' the imperialist rulers wanted it to be like that. Theirs was ttie policy of Therefore, when our Prime Minister ‘divide and nile’ and it helped them. says that he had never been very Today, the question before us is, is anxious about linguistic provinces and there unity? Do you feel that there that he had peculiar views about it, cer is unity? Does this division of India tainly ,that is a new thing that we k*arn on ^ e basis that we have today, help today. What we thought and what towards tlie unl^ of India? Certa^- the countxy thoui^t was that one in .ly not. Cochin and Travancore are STOl Resohitkm re. 12 J ^ Y 1*52 Lingiiiftie Statfj 3702 [Shri A. K. Oop^an] there. If some portions of Malabar have nothing to do with the other por are added to them, it does not^lead to tions of India, and we do not care for the disunity of India; only it adds to other people who speak other langua- the feeling of unity. liet us take our ages. If that feeling is there, they can selves. Is there a feeling of unity? no longer be considered as Indians. Certainly everybody has a feeling of The one thing that the British did for nationalism. When a Bengalee sees aii- us was that they made us feel united. other Bengalee he speaks to him m There was foreign exploitation; we Bengali. So does a Maharatta. Punjabi were all exploitedr Punjabis, Madrasis, or Tamilian. There is a feeling ci Bengalees, We were ali treated as nationalism. There is this reality. slaves. Then, we said, we are Ir.dians, When a Tamilian speaks to another in We are all together, we do not be Tamil, he has the same feeling and he long to this part or that of the coun feels that he can speak in the same try, we are together, we are against language to everybody in that area. you. It was that unity that made He feels that they are all together. us fight together. In the same way. That is the instinct of man. That today, I see a strong desire among feeling of unity is there; that reality the people to see that all those who is there. When that reality is there, have been cut up by the British people in India should come together, and what is it they are trying to put for then work for the development of their ward? culture and other things, not think There is already division in the coun ing that they belong to a particular try created by the British power. I portion, but to all India. The Con have no time; I do not want to quote. gress Working Committee has recog It is stated in the resolution pas^d in nised this and it is specifically stated the Jaipur Congress that this division in the resolution passed in 1946—I was created by the British power and have no time to quote—that the only it is for that reason that we have to way in which we reach the people is take up this question. The report by talking to the people in their own says; l^guage. So, even in Ihe case of the Five Year Plan, if we cannot “The Congress approval of this speak to the people in their own lan principle was partly due to the guage. certainly, you cannot induce artificial manner in which existing the people, you cannot enthuse the provinces had been created by the people. For inspiring the people, for British power in India. It was enthusing the people, for making the chiefly due to a desire to have, as people understand that they are a far as possible, homogeneous cul part of India, and that a develop tural units which would presuma ment of the country as a whole must bly advance more rapidly because be there, distribution of the States of this homogeneity.” on a linguistic l)asis is very neces sary. So, in 1946 it was clearly stated that The second point that I want to the British power in India had created deal with is this. The Prime Minis these provinces, that there is no ter said: homogeneity, and that homogeneity “Another aspect which is equal *\^ill grow with the unity of the peo ly important is that we have cer ple. That is the reason 'why we said tain very important languages that there should be a redistribution of in India. A language by itself the States on a lintruistic basis, what may be good or bad but round is the reality today? We understand that language clusters of ways of that in the agitation for Aikya Kerala, living, sometimes ways of thought Visal Andhra and some other States, and all kinds of ways have grown there is a feeling among the people and it is but right that that par that they must be together. Every ticular aspect of cultural mamV one feels that he is only a Punjabi, festation should have an oppor Bengalee or Tamilian or Andhra etc. tunity for full growth.” He does not feel that he is an Indian. This is a very important thing He does not feel that he is a part of which the Prime Minister has said: India and that the security and eco “May I say that I think that it would nomic prosperity of India depends up be undesirable, unfortunate and in on their unity, the unity of all of them jurious for Hyderabad to be disinte as Indians. If that feeling is not there, grated”, I would only say that it we understand that that is not unity. is undesirable, unfortunate and in But. today, if the people of Malabar jurious not for the people of Hydera or the people in one portion of Telan- bad, but for the Nizam of Hydera gftna join with the other people, that bad. It would be undesirable, un does not make them think that we fortunate and injurious for the Jagir- 3703 Resolution ro. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3704r dars and Deshmukbs in Hyderabad, the problem is to be solved, is to put. because they do not want it. As far the problem betore the people, saying^ as the people of Hyderabad are con- *'The leaders of the different parties irerned, whether they speak Tehigu, of the country are not able to come Canarese or Marathi, if you ask them to an agreement. We put it before whether the disintegration of Hyde you. We want to solve the problem rabad will be injurious to them, un by ascertaining your wish”. That is fortunate for them, I am sure, cer the only way in which .this can be tainly they will say “no”. Let the done. hon. Prime Minister take a plebiscite on this issue, whether the disinte It is said if wc tackle the problem, gration of Hyderabad would be in there will be disunity in the country, jurious, unfortunate and undesirable I say you are allowing that disunity to the people of Hyderabad. I am to develop. You yourself said, Sir, sure the verdict will be against what about some pots being broken. So the Prime Minister has said. many pots will be broken. There are Andhras, Tamilians and others The most important point is that fighting against each other. You have the Prime Minister has said: **May I admitted that. Everybody has ad say that any attempt at splitting up mitted that. Do you want them to-* Hyderabad would upset the whole continue the struggle, to continue the structure of South India?” That fight? You may not care for Swami was a surprise to me that it will be Sitaram going on fast. You said - upsetting the whole of South India. there are younger men of 35 years It may upset the present Govern prepared to go on fast. Everybody ment, it may upset the Nizam and it will go on fast. Are you not allowing may upset other people there, but the people to develop disunity and how will it upset the whole of South carry on the struggle against each India? Taking the results of the last other? Either you will have to ask elections, I say it will upset the hon. Home Minister to introduce the present Government. Take another Bill to form the linguistic Kerala, and the Members elected to provinces, or you will have to see that the Assembly from Malabar. Mala there is today an agitation. In the bar has 30 seats, out of which four south in some parts they are asking went to the Congress and 26 against not only for linguistic provinces, they the Congress. Taking Kerala as a are asking for division of India. It whole, if Kerala is constituted as a is due to the slackness, the careless province and there is an Assembly, it ness, the way in which the question may upset the present Government, of the linguistic provinces has been and it may have a non-Congress Gov dealt with by the Government, that ernment. If that is what the Prime a feeling is developing in the country Mini.ster meant, it is true; it may up^ today, whether you like it or not, that .set the present structure of South it must be divided, that some parts India, it may upset the Governments have nothing to do with the other of South India either in Kerala or in parts of India. Do you want such Tamil Nad or in Andhra. It may not things to develop in the country? To upset anything else. day there is an agitation, a quarrel It is said that there are difficulties. , going on. If you want to solve the but has not the Government solved oroblem, you will have to find out problems which have been difficult? the wishes of the people. It may go Did we not solve the problem of the against the unity of India, the security abolition of Zamindari? Not only that, rtf India, it may go against every there ar - nther problems today. There thing which the whole people of India IS p division in the country as to want. My opinion is that if the whether the people want the Congress Government does not today tackle the Government or not. There are so situation and do something immedia many who are against it. That pro tely in order to solve the problem— blem has to be solved for the reason wherever the problems cannot be that there is a c(ivision in the country, solved, let them put it before the i-^ct us not fight each other. We are neople, let the people decide. If the not doing it. Whenever there is a neople of Madras want that it must difference we fight the elections. That be a part of Tamilnad or Andhra, if does not mean there is disunity. We the majority of the people want fought the elections and got the ver it, let it be so. That is dict from the people. So, today what the only way in which you can solve really should be done is that a Boun ♦he problem where there is difficulty. dary Commission should be set up, a But what the Prime Minister said, ^°^^®rence should be called and we his whole speech, has gone against it. ^ ^ try to arrive at a satisfactory There has only been lip sjmipathy settlCTnent. If by that also nothing saying that we aporove of the forma can be done, the only way in which tion of these linguistic provinces, but Resolution re. 12 jy L Y 1952 ^nguisUc States 3706 . fShri A. Iv Gop«lanl , noihing has been done*’ Not only that. and several others wete present The Prime Minister has said: was Toere^ a rei^lution was passed de not anxious about it I do not want manding the formation of a Kerala it, but the Congress wants it. There Province. After two years when^ an fire liifiiculti^.’* There are always other convention was held with the lve fthe difficulties. We have to really not a linguistic one. The idea jf»uc it before the people. of Kerala is as old as history. If you ask any school-boy in Travancore or X support the resolution and I say, Malabar, he will tell you that the i y lar as Hyderabad or any province Kerala province extends from Kanya concerned, if the Government is Kumari to. Gokarnam and from Sah- not going to implement their pro yadri on the East to the Arabian Sea mise. then, certainly, as one of on the West. It includes in the South the hon. Members said, the people tJie T-imil speaking taluks of Tra- ^ ill not wait. When the Bri vancore-Cochin and on the North, the tishers were here, they said “There is Tul’j fir'd Kannadi speaking areas of Hindu-Muslim disunity in the country, 5^uth Kanara. and in the middle the India can never be independent. When Malayalam speaking area. we give freedom and go away, there will be flght between the Hindus and Nobody questions the desirability "Muslims*^ but the people of India of a re-division of the provinces as fought and got freedom. So, today, they exist today. A friend sugges U tbe linguistic provinces are not ted the other day that with a foot- formed, then certainly, the people of rule and nencil as they did in Ameri- -Hyderabad or the other parts of the ra. you can divide the orovinces here. fninjtry, whether it is Punjab, Bengal T do not mind it. With a good map r a n y other place where there is a rf India and all the necessary statis»- fHemarid that there must be a re-dis- tirs nt voiir disposal, if you divide 'tribution of the States, they are going India into a number of smaller pro to fight and the Government w ill find vinces. certainly it will be welcome. within the next six months that in- The Loader of the House also said -Ktead of promising the peop> take the other day that the formation of action, they will have to pa?s some rmall proviiif'p.s v/ould be desirable in 3 ill or resolution by which the ??ita- ihe interest of better administration, iion of the people can be crushed ^"hcn hp referred also to the Uttar either by the air force or navy or Prndesh which sprawls across the ffome other force. This cannot be t:ontinent of India like a leviathan.^ solved by the way in which the Prime Its nopulf?tion iMangalore. It is a fantas self-sufficient capable of better and suc tic idea. cessful planning and efficient adminis tration. The Leader of the House in troducing in the debate the other day Similarly the Karnataka province said that he did not want to unsettle people claim Wyanad, a taluk in the present established order. I can Malabar, which produces tea, coffee, not understand why he should be pepper, cardamom, oranges and so afraid of unsettling the present order. on. Perhaps their claim is based on We have unsettled ever so many the fact that years ago, some Gown- things. The British Empire we have ciens from Mysore migrated to Mala unsettled. The caste system we have bar. It may be even now they have unsettled and the zamindari system not forgotten their Kanarese, al we have unsettled. And we are though they all talk Malayalam. I going to unsettle the system of land lind that the Tamils also are laying tenure in the country. Therefore, claim to a part of Travancore, where why should he be afraid of unsettling ’^amil is spoken. They also claim the present order? We are definitely Peremudu and Devikulam which are committed to the idea of linguistic plantation areas. The owners of provinces. My only objection is that these plantations are either Travan- on the score of language we should coreans or Europeans. They recruit not form a province with insufficient ed labour from the other side of the area, with insufficient population and Western Ghats, probably because with little scope for expansion, or labour was cheap there. On that development. So, when we form srore, they claim these two areas also. these new provinces, in addition to If a linguistic province is formed, the language, which is very impor with Malabar, Cochin and Travan- tant, we must pay attention to these f'ore, it is sure to be a deficit pro other matters also. With these words, vince, with several of its problems I commend my amendment. unsolved and incapable of solution. We shall always have to depend upon Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: The doles or loans or subsidies from the sharply divided opinions, the con Centre. We do not want a province flicting views, that have been expressed l^ke that. If, however, a province is now for two days in this House is formed on the West Coast consisting Droof enough, if proof was needed, that of Travancore-Cochin, Malabar, South the proposition which this resolution Kanara, Coorg, and the Nilgiris, that places before this House is a highly v/ill be a self-sufftcient compact area, contentious one. When I first got the the whole of it lying between the resolution the question which came Western Ghats and the sea. So, it is uppermost in my mind was whether not on the basis of language that I we shall or we shall not ask ourselves claim this province. That land is even now whether it would not be also known as Parasurama Kshetra. more desirable in the interest of India The story is, this land was reclaimed to lay greater emphasis on cur prints by Parasurama, and it was colonised of similarities rather than on our points with people from the other side of the of differences, be they even linguistic? Ghats. It is a geological fact that at This question of language raises many one time, the sea washed the foot of issues and some people even raise tJtie the Western Ghats, and probably as question of culture which is. of course, a result of some upheaval of nature, in my opinion meaningless—^there are the sea receded leaving the land not many cultures in this country; known as Malabar. It is a compact from one end of the country to the area, which has similar physical fea other—it is all, if I may say so, cne tures. and the same products more homogettieous culture... or less. Along the plains, there is An Hon. Member; A|];riculture. rocoanut and oaddy. In the higher regions, we have pepper, tea, coffee, Sbri Syamnandan Sahaya: v/ell, if oranges, cardamom etc. If this whole my friend only understands culture by area is formed into a province, it is agriculture. I wish him the joy of it. very likely that it may be a selfrsuffl- Now, we have, therefore, to consider 92 P,S.D. S709 Resofyition re. 12 JUIiY 1952 Linguistic States 371 0 [Shti Syamnandan Sahaya] not see the slightest chance for ^ucb this matter from the standpoint redistribution”. Now, Sir, this nit^tter whether, even if there are some was dealt with, as you will remembet. differences, we shall oerpotuate those In xhis House laist year when Shri dii^erences by localising them in Rajagopalachari, who is so well smaller areas where naturally the ••nh^rersdiu wi’n the agitation for these diiVcrences will persist and will occupy linguistic provinces in his own province, a high position, or we shall so c »nduct said while replying to the debate as ourselves that all these differences, follows : even of language, may ultimately merge “Our sense of property is un into that vast ocean of the great fortunately still very strong and unification movement that is coing on very alive. We seem to imagine in this country, and very rightly too. •^nat iliese territorial divis)ons of This, in my opinion, ought to be the our State are to us so rriuch main guide for this House to come to property and we like to talk as if a decision on questions of this nature. we lose something or we gain The basis, if I may say so, of most of «orrieihin£r. What really is the the speeches made here for linquistic matter here? The matter is one of distribution of provinces is the communications, of facility of Congress resolution passed sometime* administration, of effectiveness of ago. I shall take a minute of your time the Government and the like.” in trying to read that resolution to Now. he further says : the House (/nterruptions). Kindly be “Just now there is another fear, patient for a little while. The Congress another threat if I may call it, resolution says: which is hanging in the horizon— “The Congress has stood ff)r lull I refer to linguistic division. We opportunities for the people as !i may exaggerate tho desire to whole to grow and develop think of each as a separate according to their own wishes and entity”. eenius. It has stood for the These are authoritative opinions,, freedom of each group and terri weighty opinions, of people who have— torial areas within the nation to whether we agree with their politics develop its own life and culture or we do not—given of their best to within the larger frame-work and the country. Some of them know the it has stated that for this purposo difficulties and also the problems of Ruch territorial area.*; or provinces linguistic provinces, but even they should be constituted, as far as make no equivocal statement about it. possible, on a linguistic and cultural They are most unequivocal and say : basis". “This is not the time”. That is, to put 11 A.M. it very moderately, because what else could be said on it? Several distingu If we read this Congress resolution ished speakers here today said the carefully, we will have to I'ome to one same thing—that this is not the conclusion and one alone, that is, they opportune time for it. You will were not dogmatic about it in their remember. Sir, that the Constituent resolution. They were, in my opinion, Assembly had appointed a Special very circumspect: they used the words Committee to go into this question. “as far as Dossible”. Surely it cannot The Committee was composed of an be denied that where other ror>ditioBS eminent Judge, an eminent adminis are favourable, where the financial trator and an eminent public n*an. implications are such as would permit Now, let us see what they say. This ol having a province, where the Committee, composed of Mr. Dar of the administrative difAculties could be got Allahabad High Court. Dr. Panna Lai, over, naturally one class of people have another important executive officer who to live together—in fact, they have rose to the rank of a member of the grown in the past together and that Executive Council and Mr. Jagat has been the whole history of society. Narain Lai, came,to this conclusion— But now to be told that the whole of and th e. House will see the strong this country should be reconstituted on language they have used and the the basis of linguistic considerations, emphasis they have laid on their point i»ly in my opinion, is, to say the least, most premature. of view: “It may, therefore, be safely This Question was once put to assumed' that linguistic groups ^ a^ . Gandhiji himself in Septembei 1044 by • mib-nations do not exist anywhere %jme journalist Who questioned ‘'Why at present. But if the intentions not divide India according to language were to bring sub-nations into and culture?”. The answer which existence, there could not be a Gandhiji gave, apart from various other . better^ wco^ of- doing it than hyf, things which he said, was: **It seems putting together these differing , to me fantastic and impossible. I do elements in a linguistic province. 3711 Resolution re.. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3712 An autonomous linguistic province, Coming to the points raised about in other words means an auto the Bengal-Bihar boundary, the position nomous linguistic State and' an as appears to me is that this matter autonomous linguistic State means has been considered by people on in the words of one of its exponents, either side more on sentiment than on that its territories are inviolate. reason. Dr. Mookerjee, as you know, And if in a linguistic province the is a great orator and an orator appeals majority language group comes to to the sentiment more than to reason. regard the territory of the entire {An Hon. Member: What about you?) province as exclusively its own, the We are ordinary mortals, we shall try lime cannot be far distant when to appeal to reason and give you figures. it will come to regard the minority Let m.e say at once that Bihar is not living in that province and people objecting to this proposal on account living outside it as not their own. of any ill-will. We know what we owe And once that stage is reached, it to Bengal. If we go to the law courts will only be a question of time for of Bihar even today they still resound that sub-nation to consider itself with the judicial decisions of Sir a full nation.” Ashutosh Mookerjee. If we go to an educationist he still aspires to be what Sir Ashutosh was once. So it is not I would like this House to give due due to ill-will. If you go to .ny district consideration to the opinions expressed court or to any bar association, or by those who have given their best look at the judiciary or the executive thoughts and who had before them all services, you will find that there is a the materials. This is the opinion large proportion of Bengalis who for expressed by a Committee appointed all practical purposes are Biharis by a body like the Constituent except for the difference that they take Assembly. It will thus be seen that a little too much of fish as compared this matter is really such that there to the normal Bihari. But otherwise are differing opinions both in favour they are as good as Biharis and we are and against it, and both have strong treating them like that. What really feelings about it. But even considering surprised me was that Dr. Mookerjee it from the mere practical point of in his speech talked about living space. view, I do not know where you will When reading Hitler’s biography draw a line because whatever you do called Mein Kamf I come across the you will have to have these bilingual word lebensraum. I did not know the areas. The border will continue to be meaning of the word. I tried to find bilingual; bordering areas, eveq now, it out and I learnt that lebensraum also mostly are all bilingual, and once we meant living space. I try to draw no start distributing areas on a linguistic analogy or similarity between what basis we will really not know where Dr. Mookeriee said and what is in to stop because this difference of Mein Kamf. But I only want to say language in this country, as you know, how thds word lebensraum has caught varies from place to place and even pubHc imagination and what havoc it at a distance of fifty or hundred miles has created in the world. Dr. Mookerjee you will find some difference. Are also said that but for the partition and these differences to be perpetuated? East Bengal going to Pakistan perhaps In Bihar the difference between Maithili he would not have raised this question. and Magadhi is quite pronounced. Permit me to say that that is not the position. Even in 1912 after the * * What I therefore submit is that amalgamation of Bengal this question language could not therefore be the was raised and my friend. Mr. Guha proper criterion for the redistribution said that it had all the support of of States. As you. Sir, said and'others different people. I have not got the said before you, there must be other time, otherwise I would have read out considerations with which this might to you the reply which was sent by also weigh. This is a proposition not the then Government of India to the peculiar to India alone. Foreign representation which was submitted., ^y countries like Spain. Switzerland, the Bengali people. All I will say* is Belgium and the South American that it was rejected outright. States, almost aU of them, are bilingual Analysing the position from the point or even multi-lingual, but no attempt of view of finance and population of has been made there to distribute the Bihar and Bengal, you will be country on the basis of linguistic areas. surprised to find that West Bengal ^ Europe an attemtJt was made in today has got 35 per cent, of the Belgium by Nepolepn. when he population of undivided Bengal and H .amalgamated the F^^ench-speaking has 36 per cent. of the area. .people of Belgium with the French Dr. Mookerjee mentioned something speaking people in the aHioining areas, about the density of population, tie out that was not accepted; th^re was said West Bengal had a density of 806. a revolution and ultimgLtely, it had to He forgot -to take into conslderaflon be undone. the fact that Calcutta and the ^l)ufban 3713 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3714 [Shri Syamnandan Sahayal T^ere is another important considera areas of Calcutta itself have about tion. . The law governing the people 22 per cent, of the population of the in this area is not Dayabhaga but it is entire West Bengal and if that is the law operating elsewhere in Bihar, excluded and the density is then that is, Mitakshara. considered of the rest of West Bengal Mr. Deputy-Speaker : Is that so rvrn he will find that the density is not very in respect of Bengalis there? much higher than in other parts of the country. West B e^al has got alnnost Shri Syamnandan Sahaya : Yes. the entire industrial wealth of un divided Bengal and all the coal and Mr, l>eputy-Speaker: Do they rot iron and other minerals. West Bengal take their personal law? has also got 99 per cent, of the total electric energy of undivided Bengal. Or. S. P. Mookerjee (Calcutta South This is what West Bengal has got after East) : They take their personal law. the partition and it has got a population Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: I am of about 2-40 crores. Bihar* as talking of the general law prevailing compared to that, has got a population in that part of the district. of four crores and the density in Bihar, if we exclude Chhota Nagpur which There has been a lot of talk about is hilly forest waste land, it is 720 linguistic distribution of States. I whereas in some districts like have taken the latest figures from the Muzaffarpur, Saran and Darbhanga the ^nsus report, part of which has been density is nearly 1100 per square mile. circulated to us. Manbhum is conriiDosed With reagrd to the finances of West of two sub-divisions. In Dhanbad the Bengal even today after partition the Hindi-speaking population is 80 per cent* total revenue is pretty large. The and in Purulea, the other part, the total revenue before partition was Rs. Bengali-speaking population is 35 per 44 crores; after partition it is between c«nt. and the rest is Hindi-speaking. Rs. 32 and 34 crores. I have taken the figures of 1950-51 and 1949-50. The Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: Which census p^r capita expenditure on the popula we you taking? tion of West Bengal after partition is Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: l<)bl Rs. 14 per head whereas in Bihar our census. total revenue being about Rs. 22 (•’•ores the per capita expenditure on the basis Dr. S. P. Mookerjee : Six lakhs filled of a population of four crores is only Corms are missing. rupees five. So even in its partitioned condition the per capita expenditure Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: I do i>ot in West Bengal is nearly Rs. 14 v/hereas know that. The allegation is that in Bihar it is only rupees five. previously tho report had been prepar ed in such a way that the percentage went up to 80. Coming to the two or three districts to which a soecial reference wss made Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: Let us have by Dr. Mookerjee, namely Manbhum. another census. Singhbhum etc., it has been represented by Mr. Guha in his s?peech that these Khri Syamnandan Sahaya: There is parts perhaDs belonged at one time to no objection to that. Have a plebescite, Bengal. I am glad Dr. Mookerjee has ft you choose. We have also heard come bark to his seat. Now referring nbout Purnea. I need not say anything to those districts. I will point cut that nbout the Bengali-speaking population these hnvp been in Bihar ever there. It is not even six or seven since the Moghul period and Jehanglr per cent. In Kishanganj it was nineteen in his autobiography wrote about per cent, but since most of the Muslims them : sneaking Bengali have gone over to Pakistan* the percentage now may not tiJ i j be even nine. Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: He should He says these parts are under the luiow it was 80 per cent, in 1921. management or under the jurisdiction of the Government of Bihar in Patna. Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: I do The decennial report published in the not know about 1921. I am talking of time of Lcnrd Sinha when he was 1U51. It is much better that we come Governor of Bihar says: to conclusions' on the latest figures. What he says is only past history. ••When the -dewani was gratited There is one thing which I heard from by Shah Alum to East India Mr. Harindranath Chattopadhyaya Tompany, Manbhum came und6r When he spoke the other day. He British influence as an integral fnrt said. **1 am an Andhra”. I was very fit Bihar " happy. I said to myself, “If a 3716 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 37]6 Chattopadhyaya can be an Andhra, steps that should be taken in order wny could not a Mookerjee be a to implement the formation of Bihari?” Therefore, the distinction Linguistic Provinces in the South oetween Andhras and Biharis, or and West of India. Biharis and Beni^alis. does not really •xist. * This meeting feels that to re assure the vast body of people in Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: Why could not the concerned areas about the M Sahaya be a Bengali? earnestness of the Governmsnl’s intentions, a definite step should Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: Certainly. be taken to pave the way for the J am absolutely with you. That is my early formation of such provinces. point. The proposition placed before Such step should be the early the House raises very difficult questions. appointment of a Boundary Com Even now I would appeal to the House mission as contemplated in the U) consider whether it would be Congress Election Manifesto. desirable for us to persist in these differences. Dr. Mookerjee himself said This meeting further expresses in his speech now and on a previous the hope that the people concerned occasion that linguistic differences need will put forth every endeavour in not be perpetuated. It is an exceedingly arriving at broad and i^eneral difficult proposition. I know that agreement in respect of boundaries sentiment runs high on this question. and other important matters 1 would recall what Burke in one of connected with this problem. 'his memorable speeches in the House This meeting is further of of Commons said. “It is easy to get opinion that it is the duty of the power ; it is difficult to get wisdom.” people concerned to abide by the These are wise words coming from one verdict of the Commission that of the guardian angels of democracy. may be appointed in this behalf Dr. S. P. Mookerjee: That is why and of any allied tribunal charged you should take advantage of this and with the settlement of contentious accept our proposal. matters. Shri Syamnandan Sahaya: God has This meeting appeals to the given us freedom : let us pray that he respeJctive P. C. C.s and other re may also give us wisdom, so that we presentatives to arrive at agreed may unite and not divide on issues conclusion as far as possible and even linguistic. undertake to abide by the verdicts of the Commission or tribunal as Shri Nijalingappa (Chitaldrug) : A the case may be.” number of speeches have been made. Barring a few individuals* opinions, the After this resolution was adopted majority of opinions is in favour of the by the representatives of ihe various formation of linguistic provinces as provinces, the matter again came up early as possible. This principle has before the Working Committee and the been accepted and adopted, and the Working Committee was pleased to Working Committee of the Congress pass a resolution at my instance on the has been reiterating this principle all 12th August 1951. It reads as . along. The Leader of the House, follows : Pandit Nehru, quoted the election “The Congress in its election manifesto when he spoke the other day manifesto adopted at Bangalore and stated that the Congress stood by has reiterated its adherence to the It. Immediately after the manifesto principle of the formation of was adopted at Bangalore, the Linguistic Provinces regard being representatives of all the Congress had also to other considerations, Committees and other Committees such as economic, administrative working for the formation of these and financial. The Working Com provinces in the South met at mittee feel that there is general Bangalore and passed a resolution on agreement on this subject among the 15th July 1951. It reads as the concerned parties in South follows: India in view of the fact that the “This meeting of representatives Pradesh Committees of Tamilnad, from Andhra, Maharashtra, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra and Vmdharbha, Kerala, Karnataka, Maharashtra have already ex Tamilnad and Nagpur, including pressed themselves in favour of the Presidents of Vidharbha, such provisions. f^?SPur, Maharashtra and Karna The Working Committee are taka Pradesh Congress Committees therefore of opinion that when the js gratified to note the inclusion Government of India are satisfied in the Congress Election Manifesto that the necessary agreement Of a reference to some practical exists they should take requisite 3717 Resolution, re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 371S [Shri Nijalingappa] There will be this bilin^al belt of steps to implemrat this demand about five miles or sometimes twenty and to appoint' a Boundary miles. Therefore, if a Boundary Com Commission as early as possible.” mission consisting of men of probity, understanding and human insight goes So; that is the position. I •feel that into the problem, it 'will not be diffi the speeches or opinions delivered cult at all to fix the boundary lines betr agaihst the formation of linguistic ween the provinces. And if they are provinces are irrelevant and out of once fixed, even if the boundary looks court now, because people want arbitrarily fixed I can tell you the linguistic provinces and they will have people will not be very much worri- to be given. No doubt, there are ed.vBecause those who have been agita difficulties in the way and they will ting about this matter are mostly Con have to be got over. During the last gressmen, though now there are other four or five years, there were grave adherents who are also agitating for difficulties and India has met them their own purposes. Here I remem very carefully and satisfactorily. I do ber a small story. We had a friend in not think we, are having so many the Election Committee four or five difficulties now. There may never years back. Whenever a name came come a time in the history of a nation up for acceptance to be set ' as a when there would not be any candidate he would quietly sit. But difficulties at all. because difficulties when any particular name was about are there to be met and they will to be,.adopted he would speak very always be there. If there are no veherhently in favour of that candi difficulties before a nation, it rhere are date. Because, he knew that the name no problems to be .solved. I think that would be accepted. And he would go that nation will sufTer from inertia. out and tell the candidate: “I have Today the time has come when we fonffht for you. There was so much have to take courage in both hpnds opposition against you; everybody was and, proceed. against you. But because I insisted that you must be set up, you have been Shri R. N. Singh (Ghazipur Distt.— accepted as a candidate.” I feel that East cum Ballia Distt.—South West): is the attitude now taken by my friends They have no courage. opposite. Of ^course they are* also sup Shri Nijalingappa: My friend has porting it. But a|5art from this, we changed his views during the last six who hav^e been working in close touch months. Before that we had all the with the masses, we know that if a courage and all the necessary pluck Boundary Commission is appointed and to make India free. A nation that has if, those boundaries are marked it won its independence will have no will be quietly accepted and th^rewill difficulty in solving these small not be any trouble in that behalf. problems. Let me assure my friend of And as the President of a Pradesh that. It is very difficult for the Congress Committee^there are also faithful also when the unfaithful quote others and I have'been in close touch scriptures. with them^^lbt ine assure the Govern ment and everybody here that thfcre So. knowing that there is such a will not be any trouble when these large measure of agreement on this areas are rnarked. So that is the one demand, I entirely support Kaka ouestibh which has to be tackled now. Gadgil in the views that he expressed when he spoke last. Pandit Nehru when Of course language is not the only he SDoke made a reference to the consideration when fixing the bpynd- overlapping of these provinces. That Hries, because, as I know, in Maha is a fact. Biit I feel that instead of rashtra there are some Kahnadigas being a difficulty, it is an advantage whose ’ mother tongue is Kannada. to have these overlapping areas But they will not like to come to because whenever there are two Karnataka. Similarly there are Maha- linguistic areas adjacent to each other, rashtri&^ite liVirtg in Karnataka. . But as between those two areas there is they will not like to go to Maharashtra bound to be a place where both the on the mere ground that Marathi is, languages are spoken and understood. their mother tongue. Similarly there This bilingual area is to be found are people in Mysore speaking.Telugu. in and around every province. So far On that account they do not say “If . as my own province is concerned, viz. there is an Andhra province we will Karnataka, on one side we have go there” because their relationship Andhra; on another we have with Mysore has been sp vital and Maharashtra ; on another Telugu area; binding for a number of years and and on the fourth we have Kerala. they will not like to go away. There People in these overlapping areas speak fore, in forming these, provinces Ian- and understand Kannada, Telugu, euage is not the only criterion. You Marathi and Malayalam. will have to ascertajz^ the views of the JJ19 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguis^tic. States 3720 people. It is one of the guiding princi helped in the movement. So we haVe ples in fixing t)ie .boundaries. But I been growing like that. The demand do not say.it is the only consideration was not for Mysore but for the rest There eie a number of places where of Karnataka being made into a pro •uch things have happened. There vince. That went on for a number of are geographical considerations to be years. But ^s we came closer the de-^ 1.aKen into account. We will have to manti that we should come together tiee how far a province u ^'iable and Krew. The Karnataka Pradesh Con all those other considerations, though gress Committee was one for Mysore It is true that we have :iot been fol as well as outside. lowing it. We have got small pro vinces like Ajmer and Coorg which Let* me not go back' before 1946. cannot maintain themselves. Still we After the provincial Government was have got them. Therefore, it is high formed at the Centre, a coi^erence, at time that we §it together and see that which thousands of delegates from kll new provinces, which are viable, which parts of Karnata'ka ca?he, met in «re neither too large no)* too small, Davangere. Then the people expected tire formed. .And in doing so we can that the linguistic provinces would im ;*lso give sufficient emphasis'on " this mediately come because our own linguistic question Therefore, I say leaders had come to power, and they that mere language is not the only thought it would be a mattei*: of days consideration but there are other or months. Then we put forth a re considerations also. • • •• solution after some consultation that for the time .being, leaving aside My But in considering the matter whe sore and Hyderabad, the rest of the ther a province is economically viable Union areas may become a province, f.nd all that, we need not spend much to which Mysore and Hyderabad could 1 ime. Because a province may be poor be added later on. And I remember today. It may be poor because its re the anK)unt ot dissatisfaction and the sources are not exploited. That hap amount of anger that was exhibited pens in Karnataka also. Its resources by my friends, in Mysore. Beciiuse •re very vast, but today it' may not they said: “How can you have a look viable—though it is *so accord Karnataka Province without Mysore? ing to experts. There we need not We object to this resolution. It is re take too much account of these things. actionary. When there is a chance of These things can be studied and gone forming a province you want to leave Into in detail and the' opinion .of ex us and form a province without My perts taken. But the will of the peo- sore. We' object to it.” And after a l^e is paramount in this respect. My good deal .of persuasion I and some 'Submission therefore is that these friends made them accept it. There things should be given as much consi were very important people from My deration as possible, but they*heed'hot sore in that conference. . be the entire consideration. There were a series.,of resolutions Sonie friend is asking me about passed by the Mysor,e-. Congr.ess and I Mysore. As a person belonging to will only r^fer to one or two of them. Mysore and representing Mysore and ' After Mysore got responsible Govern «s President of the Karnataka ment the Mysore Congressmen wanted «adesh Congress Committee for the their own. Pradesh Congress Com last seven years I should like to re mittee and the people. On the other move certain confusions about this side rather took exception to it. Be matter. The formation of Karnataka cause they said: “Karnataka is one; j rovince is being urged both by My- you have also been urging for* • th ^ e ?;oreans and people from Karnataka being one Karnataka and that Mysore outside Mysore. This began in 1915 also should be added on to it; but oow after the Andhras began their agita you are asking for . a ditferent Pradesh tion m 1913. The first conference met Committee.’* At Birur on 6th Novem in Bangalore. Let me also submit ber 1948 a resolution was passed to tnat it is the. Mysore, people that began the> following effect: - agitation for Karnataka Province. And that went on. And during all “This Session of the All Mysore this struggle for freedom, though My Congress Committee, taking note sore did not enter into the freedom of the fact that grave misunder struggle till 1936, a large number of standings have arisen because of people went into Karnataka and join the recent resolutions of the My ed the satyagraha movement and sore Congress regarding the for hundreds of them went to jail. Mysore mation of the Mysore State into aJso helped in a number of ways. a separate Congress unit, expres Similarly in 1947 and earlier, when ses its definite opinion that these wp! started a struggle for responsible resolutions could not be taken as Government in M.ysore, thousands of an indication of separation but volunteers came from Karnataka and that was occasioned by practical 3721 Resoluticfn re 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3722 [Shri Nijalingappa] time that the formation of such a State with His Highness the reasons. The All Mysore Cong Maharaja of Mysore as the consti ress Committee is of the opinion tutional head thereof, i6 desir that so long as Mysore is a able and is of opinion that such a separate administrative unit, the State should be formed in accor Parliamentary activities within dance with the procedure laid the State could not be guided and down in the Indian Constitution controlled effectively by an Ad Act in this behalf.” Hoc Committee of the K.P.C.C. It is further of opinion that the After this resolution was adopted moment Mysore and other parts of by the Mysore Congress many of my Karnataka Province come under Mysore friends approached me and said one administration, there will be that we have done all that was pos no necessity for different Pro sible so far as Mysore was concerned vincial Congress Committees. but what has been done on the other side? We have definitely accepted With this end only in view, the the Maharaja as the Rular. Regard Mysore Congress has been urging ing the capital, Bangalore is a fine upon the Indian National Congress place and we could have the capital to recognise the Mysore State as there. I considered the problem. a distinct provincial Congress T^ere was some objection to the Maha- unit. raia being accepted as the constitu The Mysore Congress has al tional head, because the J.V.P. report ways accepted the principle of for said that no part of the Union can be mation of linguistic provinces as tagged, on to a Rajpramukh’s State. laid down by the Indian National After the acceptnce of the Consti Congress. Kannada territory hav tution in 1950 there was no necessity ing been torn into pieces and lo make this difference. Every Gov placed under 19 different adminis ernor or Rajpramukh has similar posi trations could not make all round tion and powers and it did not matter. progress. All the Kannada speak After all the Mysore ruler was a fine ing people are tied together by man and our own man. So they finally common culture and heritage. adopted a resolution last year saying Their economic interests are that the Karnataka Provincial Cong identical. Therefore, even now ress accepts the Maharaja as the head the A.M.C.C. stands by the pre and they were ready to accept Banga- vious declaration that a United )ore as the capital. The matter stand* Karnataka under the constitu there. tional rulership of H. H. the Maha raja is essential and inevitable. When States or governments are The A.M.C.C. has also realized formed, even small ones, certain in that there are hurdles in the way terests develop and if you allow more of forming one single administra time, more interests develop. Per tion for the entire Kannada terri haps ten years later more interests tory immediately.” will be developed. Certain attempts are being made to show that Mysore The Constituent Assembly of My-* iff against it. There have been some sore, in its Objectives resolution has telegrams and some memoranda .... made the position clear, because that resolution says that there must be Shri Madiah Gowda (Bangalore provision to add the adjoining areas South): The majority of the State to Mysore. I need not take the House represcfitatives have voted against it. through all that. In order to carry on the discussions with the Government Shri Basappa (Tumkur): It is easy of India, with the leaders of public to collect such signatures. opinion both in Mysore and the Union Karnataka and with H. H. the Maha Shr: NUafingappa: I am speaking raja of Mysore a Sub-Committee was only as a Congressman. The Cong formed. After the Sub-Committee ress had accepted these things. It has submitted its report a final resolu brought freedom to India ...... tion was passed as follows: Shri M. S. Gurupadaswamy “The Working Committee of the (Mysore): All the Opposition parties Mysore Congress after having have accepted it. ronsidered the reoort of sub committee constituted by the Shri Najalingappa: Speaking pri A.M.C.C. at Birur regarding the marily as a Congressman, that is the formation of the Karnataka Pro position today. If there is any mis vince including Mysore, hereby understanding let it be removed. If reiterates the stand taken by the the Mysore people do not want it, they v w Congress from time to cannot be dragged into it. In their 3723 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3724 own interest I am saying this, because by the Political Department. The'^ Mysore sulfers from certain de Delimitation Committee was equally ficiencies. It is not self-sufficient in divided in its opinion. The Election. lood and raw materials. It has got Commission placed Dangs with Surat fine technical skill and I want them district and the Cabinet also adhered to exploit the rest of the vast Kar to this decision. However, the hon. nataka resources. It is for that pur Prime Minister had to appoint a Com pose that I have been agitating. How mittee to settle the question and of ever, the other part of Karnataka is courjse we settled it amicably without also viable. • Whatever it may be, I any rancour or bitterness. feel the time has come when a Boun What I say is that there is bound d a r y Commission should be appointed to be controversy about the border so that these matters may be decided. areas and these questions are not so Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Shri K. N. simple as they are supposed. The Desai. most crucial point is the question of Bombay. I know that my Maharash Shri C. R. Narasimhan (Krishna- trian friends want Bombay in Maha giri): May I ask it during the de rashtra. (An Hon. Member: It is bate the Tamil Nad and Travancore already there.) Gujerat does not Tamil Nad Congress members will claim it. But this claim is bound to have an opportunity to reply to cer be resisted by a very substantial and tain issues that were raised? , influential section of the people of Bombay itself. (An Hon, Member: Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Every one Businessmen and capitalists.) What will have his chance. Mr. Desai. I mean to say is that the question is Shri K. N. Desai (Surat): Some re not so simple as it appears to be. It ference was made the other day in is all very well to talk of mutual soeeches about the idea of Maha argeement. Of course, if mutual Gujerat. Therefore, I owe it to this agreement is possible it must be House to explain what the position of brought about. But I do not think Gujerat is. So far as the Congress that any mutual agreement is possible. in Gujerat is concerned, it has never Therefore, the only other course is^ used the word “Maha Gujerat'*. What as my hon. friend Mr. Nijalingappa is known as Maha Gujerat is noth pointed out, the appointment of a ing more than the inclusion of Guje Boundary Commission. rat, Saurashtra and Kutch and the But then the question is, is the time Gujerat Congress has never used this opportune at the present moment for word. the Commission to be appointed? ft The second point is that so far as is true that during the last five years Gujerat is concerned it has never we have settled many questions. Yet joined in a demand for a linguistic we cannot say that our country is suffi province. That is the opinion of the ciently settled in conditions. The law Congress in Gujerat and in deference and order situation in many parts of to some of our friends from Maha the country is not very satisfactory. rashtra it has not even pressed for We have to attain self-sufficiency in me inclusion of Saurashtra in the many things, especially food. So if a Bombay State, even though we are in Boundary Commission is appointed a minority in Bombay State and the now, it is sure to result in deflecting people and Government of Saurashtra the people’s mind from the more im wanted it for the good government of portant questions that demand a solu Saurashtra. It is not merely the tion and divert their mind to this opinion of the Gujerat Congress but question. It is also the opinion of many people who count in Gujerat. That is the So far as Gujerat is concerned* position so far as Gujerat is concern though it does not want linguistic pro ed. Vinces, even though it is in a minority,, it does not want to come in the way However, as we know, our friends of those who want linguistic provinces. irom Maharashtra and Karnataka At the same time I say that the only want to split up Bombay and we do solution is the appointment of a Boun not want to come in their wav. But dary Commission but for that the time ine question is not so simple as it is not opportune. So, my only re appears to be. There is bound to be quest and suggestion is, let us wait. f, great deal of controversy about tne border areas. Those who were Shri Alagesan (Chingleput): The Mernbers of the Provisional Parlia- debate has gone on for more than six X remember the controversy hours and at long last I am glad that about Dangs. It was placed by the one representing the Tamil area has Bombay Government in Surat district. been called to speak. It looked as if My hon. friend Shri Gadgil will sty there are no representatives in this :3725 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 372a [Shri Alagesan] . feels very much elevated. So also my House from the Tamil area, more so Andhra friends dream of the empire from Madras. There'was mu^h bandy of the pre-Christian era, which had ing of words about the city of Madras. nothing in common with the present -Several hon. Members spoke about the Telugu except the name, Andhra. position that it should take under the Ur, P. S. DpHhmukh: Those days of future redistribution sc h ^ e . Then, empires are gone. ‘ Sir, I was wondering what happened to representatives from the city of Shri Alagesan: Yet, the dream is Madras, in this House. There are there.. The Tamil poets—there are several of them. The South ol poets in this House toe-—have sung Madras is very ably represented by my how Tamilian kings conquered the hon. friend Mr. T. T. Krishnamachari, North Indian chiettains and planted 'Who, fortunately or unfortunately, has their flag on the Himalayas. They have ;^ot into the Treasury Benches and very discreetly omitted all mention of therefore his mouth is shut. But, that the defeats that they suffered at the ‘does not mean that nobody in this hands of others. The hon. Finance House knows his opinion about the Minister, the clever man that he i^, city of Madras. Agam, three-eighth of quoted a- simple Rural from the book the City of Madras is represented equ of Tiruvalluvar, ending his reply to ally ably by my hon. triends Mr. the general discussion on the Budget Natesan and Shrimati Ch^ndrase^ar. and tlie whole of Tamilnad was aglow I hope they will be given an op with pride that here is a Finance portunity to sDoak their minds. They Minister, who is himself a Maharash will be really voicing the opinion of trian. but has chosen to quote Kural. tho peonle of Madras in this matter, Even if he had set apart about ten where they want to remain, ap.d where (Tores to the Tamil area, he would not they want to be tagged on. Up till now, have evoked such a response, because the debate has assumed a titled and the p^^oplfc would. haVe. still saicU here unreal aspect, because, the real re is a Finance Minister who could have presentatives of the city of Madras in given much more, but he has given this House have not been called upon only this much to give their opiiMon in this matter^ The Minister of Finance (Shri C. D. I shall first deal with the immediate Deshmiikli): Twenty crores. background of this resolution and then take up some of the controversial points Shri Alagesan: That is the magic that have been raised by my friends that language exercises over the minds Irom Andhra area. If .1 have counted of men If the people and their re Tightly, so far five of ihe(n» .ir)cluding presentatives are agitated over it, I you. Sir. have spoken, and several from can perfectly understand that. the Kerala . area, and several others from the Karnataka area hqve also Just as my hon. friend Mr. Nijalin- spoken. This demand for linguistic gappa said a few minutes ago, our provinces is more emotional in content friends opposite have not been slow than either political or economic. ijo seize this question of high emotional People are deeply stirred over this value and they have come, out as the question, and very much agitated and champions of linguistic provinces. in the Andhra area people are going on They are the foremost in demanding fast. I do not know whether to call it redistribution on a linguistic basis. satyagraha or otherwise and they de TThat is perfectly understandable. It mand linguistic provinces. It is ,a sort would be very interesting to know from of glorification of the pa.vt. When the them how many languages and achievements of the people become dialects they have recognised for the memories of the past, it is language purpose of- linguistic redistribution. that holds up the mirror to those There are certain languages in this achievements and reminds them of country which do not have any script. those achievements. When everything For instance, the language of my hon. else decays and dies, languge alone friend Mr. Malliah, He speaks ,Kon- lives. It is because . of this . that kani; it has no script. Yet, my Hon. language evokes the deepest emotions friends opposite would give him ),he in the human heart. Take a Maha luxury of a separate State, because they rashtrian, for instance. He dreams of would recognise even dialects. We the valiant days of Shivaji and longs should irhprove them; we should deve to re-live them. lop them; that is what they would .say. There is another language called Tulu, Shri Pataskar (Jalgaon): That is which is spoken in a portion of South not correct. Kanara. Half of that district will go Shri Alagesan: I do not know. He to Tulu and half to Konkani. If my contemplates the great saint of Maha- friends opposite have their way, they Tashtrsr and his sacred abhangs, and will have the entire country cut up 3727 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3728 into all sorts of little linguistic bits so the people gave their verdict and said: that there may not be the requisite **You have to lose the deposit; you have amount of unity and solidarity in the no hold on the place.” Andhra State is separated, the remainder will still be I shall pass on to the various contro a composite State. There will be the versial points that have been raised by Malayalees in it, there will be the rny hon. friends coming from the Canarese in it. We are not going to Andhra area. First of all, it was said ask them to away. So, we have that the people’s wishes should be developed that sense of practical values, consulted. We have no objection to and we are carrying on. That is why that. Only I say that the people’s you do not find here any clamour for Wishes have already been consulted, a separate Tamil province, but that does ihey have given their opinion and not mean that we do not want one. verdict in the last elections. I shall prove 4t. There is a very eminent I shall give you a simple example Andhra leader. The House heard the how this question not being solved story from the Prime Minister how the comes in the way at all times. Recent Andhras were within an inch of hav ly, just a little time ago, the Postal ing their provmce and they let it slip Department proposed to issue certain through their fingers. It was one man new stamps with the ensigns of who said that he will not accept Andhra various poets of the country on them. Province without the city of Madras, I found Meera and Tagore and Tulsi jnd so it had to be given up. And das—perhaps he is the onl.y poet in • that gentleman had tlie wisdom to seek Hindi— and some others. I asked the election from one of the city consti- Deputy Minister of Communications wncies to demonstrate the accuracy why he had omitted the famous Tamil or the opinion he was voicing. Then poet Subramania Bharati. His reply 3729 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3730 [Shri Alagesan] Mr, Deputy-Speaker: While I am was: “We considered this question. in the Chair I am trying to regulate We wanted to have Bharati, but then, the debate without giving room for we could not think of a Telugu poet so any grievance. The Andhra movement that both can be issued at the same started long ago. So far as Tamil Nad time. And so Bharati had to be left is concerned, they never wanted a out.” That is the wonderful under separate province. This is only the dis standing that even our Ministers and pute about the city of Madras. It is the Central Government have of this enough if I call one hon. Member to issue. Hence, we will be happier if speak on that. this issue is solved at an early date. Shri Natesan (Tiruvallur): The hon* There are one or two points I wish to Member has referred to me as coming make. from the city of Madras. It is not so much a question of Madras having a Mr. Deputy-Speaker: There are quarrel with the Andhra Province. It many other hon. Members w’.shmgto is a question of representing to the speak. hon. Members of this House that really Shri Alagesan: When the hon. Mem the Andhras have no claim on Madras ber representing Uie golden PJ^rt oi city. That is the point. To that this country criticised another hon. extent we should be allowed to speak. Member who said some brave words in this debate and asked how Mr. Deputy-Speaker: It is a negative claim Kolar district for the Andhra point. Province, he referred him to the Shri Alagesan: I am sorry my time resolution of the Andhra Prowncial is being taken up. Congress Committee. It is an archwc resolution. There is the latest resolu Mr. Deputy-Speaker: My point was, tion on the SUbj^ the resolution consists of two portions. Andhra Provincial Congress Committee, The main point is the formation of the and it says that the Andhras have no linguistic provinces. The other one is claim to the city of Madras. wherever there are some linguistic draw the attenUon of the hon. Member divisions disputes are raised regarding who spoke the brave words to take the boundaries. That is a smaller one. note of the resolution, realise The question of Madras is only in the tion and act; accordmgly. nature of a boundary dispute. The was made—I shall finish on this sul> question whether Andhra Province iect* I have got a lot to say, but ^nce should be formed or not is the main my time is up, I shall finish. I do h ^ e issue. Therefore, the hon. Member the hon. Member representing the may conclude now. city of Madras will be call^ Beference was made to the J.v.t'. re An Hon. Member. On a point of port. . . . information, Sir. 12 N oon Mr. Deputy-Speaker. There is no Mr, Deputy-Speaker: Then the hon. point of information now. Time is up. Member should not have spoken. Shri Vallatharas: 1 do not want to make myself prominent, but I want to Shri Alagesan: I am sorry. make a submission. Nagercoil is very Mr. Deputy-Speaker: If the hon. important to Tamil Nad. It claims Member thinks the Member who from Trivandrum in the north to represents the city of Madras must Nagercoil in the south. Nagercoil is have a preference, he sliould have now a part of Trivandrum. Every kept quiet. newspaper everyday publishes some thing about it, and the Deputy-Speaker Shri Alagesan: When five Members must be aware of these things ...... from ^ h r “ are called upon to speak cannot two Members Mr. Deputy-Speaker: I only wanted Tamil Nad be allowed to sp^k? to say that it is a matter of boundary The representatives from Tamil Nad dispute. It is not a question whether are most numerous in this House. there should be a Tamil Province or They are 38 in number. not. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: There is no Shri Alagesan: I was making a refer trouble about the Tamil people. ence to the J.V.P. report to which references has already been made by Shri Vallatharas (Pudukkottai): my hon. friend sitting there. He very whpn there is a question like this, our cleverly argued. “The J.V.P. report J^ohiTof vfew is not sufficiently heard has, of course, said that the city of Tliat is our grievance, because we are Madras cannot go to the Andhra Pro 38 Members here and. . . vince. but it has not said that it should 3731 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3732 Uo anywhere else, and so it may still fir. Deputy-Speaker: I now call upon go to the Andhra Province''. I think Sardar Hukam Singh. that was the line of argument. Their intention is quite clear from the read Shri M. S. Gurupadaswamy: Hon. ing of the report, and I shall quote Members from Mysore also should be only a few relevant sentences. They given a chance to speak. say in the course of the report (Inter Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Hon. Members ruption). from Mysore and Karnataka have Shri Vallatharas: Should the hon. spoken already. I propose calling upon Member be allowed to speak for 20 or the hon. Minister at 12-30 p .m . Three 50 minutes? Members can speak till that time, ten minutes each. Mr. Depucy-Speaker: The hon. Mem ber should not take more time. There Sardar Iliikani (K'.ip irthala- are other hon. Members wishing to Bhatinda): I may not be able to finish speak. my speech within ten minutes. Shri Alapesan; Sir, my submission is Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Mem tiiat my time is being stolen by the ber can go on. Interrupters. Sardar Hukam Singh: I thought there was general agreement so far as The report says: the principle was concerned. But I have “That is to say, that the people heard now for the first time that some ,forming a new linguistic provmce Members even doubt whether the Con have to proceed on the basis of gress is pledged or committed to the accepting only such areas as are formation of linguistic provinces. I clearly in favour of the linguistic need not go into these commitments province.*’ and resolutions that have been passed from time to time because they have A^gain, they say: been referred to by some of my hon. friends. Anyhow, it was gratifying to “We are of opinion that if an observe, and to listen to some of the A.ndhra Province is to be formed, speeches made by hon. Members who 1 ts protagonists will have to really assured us that the Congress nbandon their claims to the city of stood committed to this policy. Res Madras.*' ponsible Members of the Congress did say that the Congress stood committed, Madras city like the city of Bombay so far as the principle was concerned. cannot be a separate province by itself. But it was a surprise for me to hear Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: Maharashtra from our hon. the Prime Minister that rannot abandon Bombay. Let the hon. he could not acree to the general Member not talk about Bombay, but principles, though the question of one talk about Madras. part could be taken separately. My view is that—I may be mistaken—so , Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The hon. Mem far as the general principle is con ber cannot question his statement. cerned. there should be no doubt, or Or. P. S. Deshmukh: I question the no dispute, and that we should all purpose nnd meaning of the quotation. agree so far as the general principle is concerned. Then we can say whether Shri Alajresan: I am only quoting we take uo th^ question of West from the report, where they have said Bengal first or some other portion of that the Bombay city can be consti the country first. tuted into a peDarate province. They have also said that the Madras city We are told that there are practical cannot on similar lines be constituted difficulties. There are difficulties. The into a separate province. If it cannot Prime Minister had observed that there go to the Andhra area and if It cannot was no doubt that in 1927 at Madras, constituted into a separate province, it was said by the Congress that the then where shall it go? Will it go into time had arrived when we should take the Bay of Bengal as you said? Can it up reconstruction of provinces on a tjp with the Malabar province? No. linguistic basis. Then it was said only Can it form part of Karnataka pro- as a matter of principle, and the vmce? No. practical thing was not coming before Mr. Deputy-Speaker: It will remain us. I do feel that because we were where it is. idealists, and raising slogans we did not look to the side ©f the practical diffl- Shri Ala«esan: I submit that' it goes culties that Would come up subse m the Tamil area, and will remain as quently, and it may be, this also was a a Tamil city^ because it forms the *face slogan or a plan for our advance and the eyes* of the Tamil area. towards freedom. But I submit that 3733 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 373^ [Sardar Hukam Singh] because Congress was leading the If the idea is that it would create- emancipation movement, and our bitterness among the people if we pro* leaders were followed implicitly, while ceed with the matter just now, then I every word they said was obeyed by am sure that by denying it, as our the masses, they were creating enthu Prime Minister has done, we will siasm among the people, assuring them create greater bitterness among the that as soon as freedom came, the people. Feelings are being aroused,, country would be divided on a linguistic there is frustration and disappointment basis, and further they cannot have a among the people who had voted for real touch of freedom unless there them in the hope that as soon ^as w e re Ungui^c provinces. This atti freedom is achieved, they will get this tude of theirs, and also the assurance thing done. An idea of a millennium and the commitments entered into by was put before the people, and it was a number of Congress leaders have said that there cannot be any freedom created a passim among the masses. unless this country is divided into pro They have taken the people so far. and vinces on a linguistic basis. Therefore, now it is not possible to put them on my view is that if you do not do it the reverse gear. It may be the whole now on the ground that the ^reement thing may turn turtle, if at this stage among the people is not there, then it were to be said that because there there would be no contentment, con are difficulties, we are not going cord or harmony. We would be oiily further, and that we should go back. accentuating the forces of disruption If now, they feel that there are diffW and disappointment. This is generaU culties—certainly there are, I do admit so far as all parts of the country are —they are to be solved. It is not a concerned, because this is the condition nationalistic approach, but rather a prevailing in the north, south, east and bureaucratic one to .«?ay now that un west and everjnvhere. less the people agree among themselves, Now I come to my own province we are not prepared to take up that which has been discriminated against, Question. The National Government so far as this question is concerned. has to take up that responsibility, and The first Tribunal or Commission that proceed further to solve the problem was appointed to go into the question that it has created for itself. There is was the Dar Commission, to which no question of going back, so far as I reference has been made by more than can see. one speaker. Of course, the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly recommended that a Commission be Then we have been told in the appointed no! for Andhra alone. They election manifesto that unless certain wanted to include Andhra as one of conditions are fulfilled, no province the States in the Constitution itself. can be formed. I quite agree. There Subsequently they said some inquiry would certainly be other considera- should be made before Andhra or any • tions that have to be taken into province was put in the regular list of States. So. they recommended that a account. The present policy as enun Commission be appointfd, but added ciated by the Prime Minister on the that that Commission should not go 7th instant was that the conditions laid into fhe question of Andhra alone, but down in the election manifesto of 1951 for all parts of the country. But it iff «till hold ground, and they are economic an irony of fate that North India was consideration, flnancial consideration, not included in it. I do not know who and administrative consideration, be was responsible for it. Their inquiry sides an agreement between the people was confined only to Karnataka, concerned. I must submit with all Maharashtra and Andhra. (An Hon. humility that so far as the agreement Member Because there was ttio is concerned, that would be difficult to agitation.) If the scheme is not to be achieve, if not impossible. Men are examined on its own merits, but only not angels, Indians also are hiunan if people in ascertain area are vocal beings, differences there must be. we and raise a huge cry about it, then It must differ on certain points. If the is not fair. Not that there is agitation Government wants to proceed further, it shall have to do so in spite of differ in one orovince and no agitation in ences. In spite of difficulties, it will the other. ^ have to do it. But if they lay down This report was made on the lOth as a condition precedent that there December 1948, just on the eve of the must be agreement between the people session of the Congress at Jaipur. concerned, then it would only be a Because Dr. Pattabhl Sitaramayya wair device to shelve the thing, or to go to'preside—apd he had very strong back upon the commitments that they feelings 'on it and therefore could not h a v e already made. ' take It lying down*—he put great 3736 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3736^ p ressure and then a Committee known its leader. In a Press Conference as the J.V.P. Committee was appointed. on November 29, 1948, Master Of course, the greatest injustice that Tara Singh, leader of the Akali was done to North Indi^ was by the party, which is the premier organi- report of that Committee. Even when ' sation of the Sikhs said: ‘We shall it was not needed, even when the continue to support the Congress reference had not been made to the and the Union Government in its Commission or to this Committee, they task of reconstruction’.” added that they were clearly of opinion Ch. Raghubir Singh (Agra Distt.— that no Question of rectification of East): What about the Gurudwara.- boundaries in the provinces of North Prabandhak Committee? India should be raised at the present Sardar Hukam Singh; That is not a moment, whatever the merits of such political body. It only manages* B rase. That is mv difficulty. That created a lot of bitterness when they Gurudwaras. added this paragraph. Why should An Hon. Member: That is a religious^ they exclude North India from con body. sideration whatever the merits? That Sardar Hukam Singh: Up till 1947, is not fair we were no doubt with the Congress Then again, they admit on page 10 and it was agreed and' admitted that that this question of North India has the Akali Dal was the only premier its own merits. It is not without organisation of the Sikhs. Now there - merits, they say: is only one resolution of the Akali “Even apart from our view of Dal where it is stated specifically: this reference to us, we are firmly “They therefore strongly feel of opinion that no such question the utter necessity of the speedy should be raised at the presnt creation of a Punjabi-speaking moment. This does not neces province for the protection and sarily mean that the demands for preservation of their culture, adjustments of provincial bound language and self-respect...” aries are unjustified or without This is all. That is to say, we want^ merit. We believe that there is this province simply on the basis of “ some force in them and that some culture and language and nothing: adjustments may ultimately be beyond it. Then, subsequently, at ax come necessary. But we are con party given at the Imperial Hotel, it^ vinced that for the present no was announced by the President of the r such question should be raised”. Akali Dal: That was most unfair and we were “It must be made clear”—and discriminated against Sir, this is very urgent, I should We are told—^just on the 7th also our say—“and definitely understood Prime Minister made a reference— that the Sikhs • do not desire a “that no question of a Sikh province separate state nor even necessarily arises. That would not be given. I a Sikh majority area. What they shall have nothing to do with it”. ask for is simply readjustment of Some such words were used by the boundaries on purely linguistic Prime Minister. Then I put a ques and cultural basis. They believe tion, and I am going to substantiate that the Punjabi has a distinctive that so far as the Akali Dal is con taste, culture and a way of living. cerned, so far as that representative The present union of districts was body is concerned, it has never asked effected purely for administrative for a separate Sikh State. I claim purposes.” that the Akali Dal is the only organi- He further said: that is representative of the Sikhs so far as politics are'concerned. “The Sikhs believe that they Congress Sikhs might say so, but they can securd this protection if 3 are part and parcel' of the Conj^ess. Punjabi-speaking province is con They cannot say that they have a ceded, for, then they would have separate entity of their own, They more effective voice in the admi niight .fliaim—find I ,am ;iot SQinc to nistration than at present. If the enter into that controversy—that they authorities can afford the same have a greater, following. They are protection by any other methods, welcome to it if they have. But so far the Sikhs would not hesitate to as this question is concerned, the Akali , , consider them”. Dal is the only representative body. They were prepared to consider' This was admitted in Indians Minori other methods also, if their culture and ? ties, a Government publication issued language could be safeguarded. in 1948 where it was said: Then again, there was a mammoth ? • f Sikhs also have expressed congrefgation at Ludhiana. That con-- their confidence in the Union and teat^tke also made it clear that a i 3737 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguiatic States 8738 [SardPr Hukam Singh] Punjabi-speaking area be demarcated there is a disease, a morbid mentality, on purely cultural and linguistic basis that has to be treated. That has to be so as to preserve the Punjabi language diagnosed. It is no use going about and culture. Then again, this is the and saying that because the Sikhs want election manifesto that was drafted in it, they cannot have it because the 19S1. majority have disowned their language. If they had not done so. there would Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: Sir, the hon. have been no necessity for it. If the Member’s time is over. majority had taken steps to protect the language and culture, then cer Sardar Hukam Singh: There also it tainly this agitation would not have was made clear that “it is vital that a been there. We want this in order to Punjabi-speaking province should be preserve our culture and language, and carved out from the different States nothing beyond it. If the majority oi the country on the basis of Punjabi says that it would kill it, then it is the language and culture”. Therefore, it business, or I should say, it is tjie duty is not fair to say that we want a Sikh of the younger son of the same mother S'ate. It is a misrepresentation. It is to stand up and save the mother very unfortunate that it has gone strangled by the elder brother, simply round. for the reason that he was born of the same womb. If the majority accuse What I want to stress is that our us of communalism or any other ‘ism’, position is peculiar and different from then certainly the Sikhs must be shown any other part of the country. some sympathy and some consideration Perhaps that has never happened in because they are taking the right path the whole world. There may be differ and not the wrong path, in the end. ences between protagonists of two Sir, whatever else we might be—you different languages. But our position may not give us a Punjabi-speaking is that the people of one State speaking Province, you may treat us as you one language have differences between like—please do not dub us as com- themselves. It is not a conflict mi:nali.st.«>. We are nationalists to the between Hindi and Punjabi. It is a core, first and last. conflict between Punjabi and Punjabi. That is most annoying because a ^ iTTH : P'jrtion of the Punjabi-speaking people themselves disown the language. They say, ‘It is not our language*. We are I ^3^'t told, ‘Unless the majority agrees, your d'imand cannot be conceded'. Certainly ^ m ir I arr^r ^ ^ that is most painful. If the majority agrees, then it is a national demand, qf TfT «TT # anrfV^ but if the majority does not agree, then the demand is communal. If this ^ ^ H Iff is the definition, then communalism ^ a 3ft and nationalism would come to mean that whatever the majority wants— I JTTIT: even though it be aggressive, it may tyrannise—that is nationalism, and whatever the minority wants, that is communalism! This is what I want to f^JTT 3TTJT I TTSFftfcT submit, that it should be decided on merits. If the majority disowns the ^ ^ ^ I I it 3IT5T5rT language, as it is very clear it has done in the Census operations—if one were to go to the Jullundur division and just listen to two or three people talk ing together, they would be talking Punjabi, but if one were to ask the - question. ‘What is your language?’, they TT a fk | would say ‘Hindi’—that is the problem, and that has to be solved. It is not ^ ^ TT Tf 5TT ■*nf^ an easy problem. But it has to be solved. People, very respectable people, from the highest to the lowest ranks, "STTW 3(1^ arij^ l" • disown the language. Those who are responsible for the it ^ ^ - administration of the country did not ^ care to inauire into this. It 8hoM#that 3730 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic Stateg 374U fanTJT tR W5T Fat 3n% ^ IR5T 5T «f^ i «p t^ % ^ t aiTsr ^ 3T»re % sTf^r % 5TK *Pt «nfro ^ ^ I ^ ^rifcr 7T •Sdl 3Tfr Vt^RT ^ f ^ I ^TT ^ 311^ ^ 5Ti% |3iT I, >n»r 5T^ t I 3ft ^ f?iiT I ark I ^nr^T ^ w ^ ^f 5*1% a r ^ f^^TT M^?TT!r ^ [«ft q^?T5IT^^3fk 315^ SWT fprf?r h i ^ V5?^[SV ?THT5 ^ fv arrr T?n t farwJTsi^^r % ^an% ^*R^*r^, [ 5TT^arrrTT^^WTH «ft 3rw*r t | ar^rr ^ If 5^1# I im ^T5»T5 ^5Tf ?nn'cr^^5 ?ft?*nTT3rf^3Nr an^^ «n I ^ ^5TT «TT fv fJTST ?y>flr si^w % ^rrr I 5?r 5^ ^ lf^rT^ffcT«F^fetar>Tf3r5^ y^ *T ?ft ^»T % ^ vfffv gft ^ Wt 11 Tf!:>»rFr jt? ^trrr | ai^ Mr. Deputy-Speaker: I shall allow one more speaker and call on the hon. ^ 3n?ft| I SRT?: ark ^»TRlr Minister at 15 minutes to one o’clock. ^ 5 I 3F3T^ Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: By the speech of Shri Tandonji the position of the 3r> I ^ fcTT 'TT Congress Party has been made ark 3?R % TT f^'V I abundantly clear. (An Hon. Member: Are you not in the Congress Party?) JTf «TT I t ^ r n ^ Has my hon. friend got his head on his shoulders? I am very glad that the 3T^ ft ^ JT^ gfsWT $ 3r^?lT hon. Prime Minister had also clarified the whole issue. He has not allowed 3TT?ft anrft f^ ? r ^nrrarf ^ annft himself to be influenced on the one hand by the extreme views expressed wr»T^f9ft5y?r^i p^>3rq% ^ so strongly by Mr. Frank Anthony who seems to be a sworn enemy of linguistic W d " ^ T > f t v f C T T f ^ 5 lf|l 'RTT^ftf^’rfq' provinces and on the other he has not ^ TT arart ^'t FTT ^r 55R ?t >rf allowed himself to become a supporter of the resolution which seeks that the «ft, T|ly % ^ «ft I ^ ^ Government should take a red pencil in hand and draw out linguistic pro tfd+KI TT I ^ *»iT Dr. P. S. Deshmiikb: 1 a^ree. I accept nufifw: ftwnft ^ the compliment. I am a practidtl man who thinks in a realistic manner. Ideally speaking, Dr. P. 8. DedimiiUi: We cannot forget I would also agree with the hon. Prime the fact that Bombay has been built Minister that there should have been by the blood of the Maharashtrians and no question of linguistic provinces, It will not be possible for anybody to that we should have for the whole of deprive them of Bombay city by adopt India seventy or eighty provinces, each ing any stratagems. My friend Dr. one of them containing a population of Lanka Sundaram said that because he forty or Afty lakhs, having no legis cannot get Madras city, he is prepared latures of their own, but there being to go without Madras and Madras. only one judiciary, one police, one law Bombay and even Nagpur could be and one legislature for the whole formed into separate States. He acted country. That would be the ideal posi according to a Marathi proverb tion. Unfortunately, due to the de pendence and slavery to which we TT were subjected, we are faced with BcJing charitable at the cost of the different problems. We cannot undo sweet meat seller. history al ol a sudden. When freedom dawned, we had to take certain things Dr. Lanka Sundaram: I did not say for granted and work on that basis. so. Speaking today after a few years of Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: He has no freedom, when we have consolidated courage to say he must have Madras. our position and are now safe, the He said that with or without Madras, formation of linguistic provinces is somehow he wanted the Andhra Pro inevitable. Linguistic provinces must vince. and shall come, and if they come it will lead to the all round progress of Dr. Lanka Sundaram: I said I would the country. There should be no fear, never surrender Madras. as Tandonji pointed out, of fissiparous Dr. P. S. Deshmukh: He exhibited his tendencies. I think the hon. Prime lack of courage. Sir. These things can Minister and his Government ought to only come about if you are convinced trust the commonsense and the yourself. His saying that Bombay can patriotism of the people a little more be converted into a separate province than they do. I have not the shadow is not a practical proposition. I want of a doubt that if we have provinces that Sanyukta Maharashtra should be speaking one language only, it will not immediately carved out. I know there lead to any of these tendencies. are difficulties. I am fully conscious So far as Maharashtra is concerned, of them. My friends of the Opposition it is tragic that Marathi should be a may not be conscious of them. There language which has no homeland of are difficulties. We quarrel among its own. No other language has such ourselves. There are various groups a history as Marathi has and in these suggesting all sorts of things which are days we are careful not to utter the irreconcilable, one with the other. But word ‘Maratha’. We call ourselves we should not be daunted by them. ‘Maharashtrians’, lest there be any fear If for any reason Sanyukta Maha or nervousness created in the minds of rashtra is postponed for some time we the people in other parts of India that should separate the Marathi and the in our conquering attitude we may Hindi-soeaking areas in Madhya invade them and conquer the whole Pradesh Immediately. In the Dar Com of India. I assure my hon. friends in mittee report it has been clearly stated the other parts of India that we have that if there is one point on which all no such intention. (Interruption) sections are agreed it is that the That is a thing of the past Marathi-speaking area must be ^ So far as Bombay is concerned, no separated from the Hindi-speaking body shall touch it. For sixty miles area. There is no dispute about this. in the north, we have Marathi-speaking ^ Therefore, it would be well if the people. My Gujerati friends say that^^ Prinrie Minister says that he is pre feombay has been built by their money.v^ pared to go ahead. The best thing he iQf Bombay has been built by their^ can do is to separate the Marathi I money, let me say that Bombay was speaking portion of more than eighty ! built by the blood of the Maharashtrians) lakhs of people at least, with a revenue In this speech I do not want to go so of near about eight to nine crores of far as to refer to the historic fact that rupees on the present calculation, a n t is with the blood of Maharashtrians homogeneous entity, a cotton growing ^hat we have saved our gandh, our area which will make India self-suffi cJioti and our yagnopavj^ cient in cotton and from it as an 3747 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States ZUS Independent State. I assure the Prime dissidence or divergence of opinions in Minister that there is no difficulty the body politic. But, as I said, the whatsoever standing in the way of the very debate of this morning would carving of this province. We shall be show that. If a Boundary Commission self-sufficient and we shall be very were tp be established I can under happy if this is done. Some time back stand the parties being agreed on the M. P. Legislative Assembly passed broad points and there may be only a unanimous resolution approving this. questions of five villages here or five 1 submit that there is therefore no diffi villages there, a sub-division or a culty of any sort in the way. Even the taluka and so on, those are minor Dar Committee has said that this is points. We are all here very respon a demand of the people and that they sible people and hon. Members were are unanimous. I shall close with this all speaking with restraint. But there because there is no time, although 1 is a great volume of opinion and a have much to say. great difference of opinion. So, while we have got to tackle this problem— Dr. Katju: The Prime Minister and as my hon. friend Shri Tandonji spoke at some length on the previous has said, we have got to do it and do occasion and dealt with all the points it as quickly as we can—we have got that had been raised by the speakers to bear in nund the world context and on that day. This morning we have the fact that when the whole inter had a very strenuous debate and we national situation is in a fluid condi have heard numerous points of view tion. we here in India should not have which have been pressed with great differences. My hon. friends raised all vehemence. I suggest respectfully that sorts of questions. this morning’s debate has given a very good reason and a very good justifica Dr. N. B. Khai-e (Gwalior): We want tion for the point of view expressed unity in diversity. by the Prime Minister. I am speaking, Dr. KatJu: Is it desirable that by shall I say, as an Indian because I am establishing Boundary Commissions or personally in touch with very many by starting upon this quest for estab States. The Bengalis would have me lishing linguistic provinces we should a Bengali. If the Oriyas would accept among ourselves raise great contro me (Shri B. Das: We will, gladly). I versies On which the people might be am an Oriya. I am also an Assamese divided? I am speaking, as I said, not and a Bihari. Of course, I cannot in a party spirit but, if I may say so claim to be a Marathi. I am also a again, from a very broad point of Madhyabharati. I am a Rajasthani bv view. Because having been in Bengal marriage, a Punjabi by education, and for more than three years I have what I am from Uttar Pradesh. So in noticed the very intense feeling on this this matter I speak with some detach point. There are the refugees coming ment. from East Bengal, and do what you What struck me this morning was may they will not go elsewhere. They that while so many points had been will not go to Orissa, Bihar, Punjab, expressed, namely that the Congress Hyderabad and so on. Some families IS committed to linguistic provinces may go, if you give them land, to the and in carrying out that pledge you Andamans. But they will not go else should bear in mind economic con where. It is a very difficult question siderations, cultural considerations, we have to tackle. But the question physical or geographical considerations is: Is this the time? Cannot we wait—- and so on, one big point on which the five years, six years, four years? And Prime Minister laid stress was not I suggest to you patience is necessary. stressed so much, namely the unity of There is no emergency, emergency in India, the unification of India. It is the sense that here is a typhoid patient not a question in principle as to unless you give him some peni Whether the thing is good or not good. cillin immediately he cannot be saved. Everybody agrees. The Congress is About Orissa I came across one committed to it for the last thirty mstance which I should like to mention a matter of fact the Con here. I do not know whether many gress divided its own organisation on a Members are aware of it. You know linguistic basis. The cry of linguistic the district of Sambalpur. That was provinces has been raised by the Con originally a part of the Central Pro fe ss itself. But today, in 1952, it is vinces. Sambalpur. I think, has a reading, as my hon. friend Mr. majority of people speaking Oriya. resolutions of 1946 But It was formerly attached to the Today the Centr^ Provinces. I came across in the moment is that having the official papers a long controversy, ^ a rd to the context of world condi correspondence, letters being sent tions, nothing should be done to induce repeatedly during the course of thirty m u Resolution re. l2 JULY 1952 Linguistic States^ [Dr. Kaljr.j must be substituted and before that or forty years by the Lieutenant- substitution takes place if we start on Governor or the Chief Commissioner a large-scale, simultaneous and hurried of the Central Provinces to the Gov division of the country in your passion ernment of India “Inasmuch as this is for linguistic provinces (An Hon, Mem- an Oriya-speaking area I cannot U?r: It wiU help.) there is the great manage it”. And in those days Orissa danger of a breakup or dissolution of was a part of undivided Bengal and the country. I want to prevent it. I the whole of Orissa was one division. Qo not say that when the States are Orissa Division as it was called. And constituted on a linguistic basis they the Lieutenant-Governor of undivided would not be very anxious for the pro Bengal was saying again and again **I motion of the national language, what do not want to have it because I can ever it may be. However, the Consti not properly manage it”. It went on tution has decided it and something for thirty or forty years. Ultimately must be done on those lines. Stressing the Lieutenant-Governor of the Central loo much upon the division of India, Provinces said “I cannot manage it; redistribution of the states of India, or please have it” and finally the Govern the formation of linguistic provinces— ment of India really forced a decision Gk)odness knows how it would work upon Bengal and Sambalpur came out as between Bengal and Bihar or along to Bengal and was merged in as between any other States. There the Orissa Division, which formerly are all kinds of questions arising therefrom and I do not want to go into consisted of four districts and then it them. But these are the two great became five. Nobody said a single factors which should be borne in mind. word. The administrative convenience One is the preservation of the unity of is there. The cultural convenience, if India at all cost or the integration of I may say so. is there. But this great India as a whole. We do not want to factor, the preservation of the unity endanger it on any ground whatsoever. and security of India and of doing Secondly, apart from pre.servation of nothing which instead of promoting the unity, we want that that unity ideas of unity will promote divergences should be promoted by common inter of opinion and dissidence of opinion course. a common national language and rivalries at this moment, is of and a common—shall I say—desire to vital importance. mix with each other. I do not want to take up any more I should like to mention one thing time of the House. Every point of more. Ours is a very big country with view has been expressed and the views lots of dialects and regional languages of the Government are very well but I am thinking of that day—and we known. We desire administrative con must all think of it—when every one venience and so far as linguistic pro of us here should be able to go out vinces promote that administrative into different States and appeal to the convenience, subject to financial, masses direct and not through English. economic and other considerations, it I should like to be in a position to go, might be considered. say to Malabar or Cochin, and address any gathering and be able to appeal to the masses direct. Therefore, nation Shri B. S. Mur'chy (Eluru): Sir. the hood requires a national language. I other day I put a question to the hon. do not want to go here into the ques Prime Minister regarding the Partition tion of what is to be the national Committee. That has not been language and what not. But I want to answered. appeal to you that before you embark on a large-scale campaign of linguistic Mr. Depuiy-Speaker: No more ques division you should also take care to tions now. There are many questions see that the national language should which are not answered. I will now also grow side by side, so that while •put Ihe amendments to the vote of thp among the States people there should House. be cultural coherence and unity of The question is: thought inside the State itself there should be fostered the great all-India That for the original Resolution, the unity. Today in order to make myself following be substituted: understood I am speaking in the English language. My hon. friends “This House is of opinion that who speak in Hindi do not make them- necessary action should be taken .TOlves understood to 20 per cent, of the immediately to regroup the exist Members. If I go to Malabar or ing States in South India on Madras I have to speak in English but sound economic and linguistic English will not remain and cannot principles and an impartial remain here. Therefore, something Boundary Commission should be 3751 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3752 established consisting of ministers, Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question members of the legislatures and is: officials to re-draw the boundaries That for the words “and that the accordingly.” boundaries of the existing States be readjusted accordingly” the following The motion was negatived. be substituted: Mr. Depuiy-Speaker: The question is; “and that a Boundary Commis sion be appointed to report to That after the words “opinion that” Parliament as to how the the following be inserted: boundaries of the States should be “a time has come for the redis readjusted or re-distributed keep tribution of provinces on linguistic ing in view the consideration of basis with a view to ensure oppor economy, defence, geographical tunity for homogeneous, social, contiguity and cultural affinity” cultural and economic development The motion was negatived. of the different provinces and therefore” Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: That after the words “existing The motion was negatived. States” the words “including those of Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is; Northern India” be inserted. The motion was negatived. ‘ That after the words “linguistic basis” the following be inserted: Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: That after the word “readjusted” the “keeping in view the economic words “without insisting on the agree viability, geographical contiguity ment on the part of regional units and cultural affinity”. concerned’* be inserted.. The motion was negatived. The motion was negatived. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is; Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: That after the words “linguistic That the following be added at the basis” the following be inserted; end: “keeping in view administrative “keeping in view the considera convenience, economic viability and tions of defence and financial self geographical contiguity.” sufficiency”. The motion was negatived. The motion was negatived. Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: That the following be added at the That for all the words occurring end: after the words “linguistic basis” to the end the following be substituted: “by appointing a boundary Com “and that to begin with Hyder mission”. abad State should be disintegrated The motion was negatived. into three parts namely Karnatak, Andhra and Maharashtra and the Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: boundaries of the proposed That the following be added at the linguistic provinces in general end: should be readjusted in accordance “and for that purpose a high- with the majority of the opinion as powered commission be appointed exercised by votes on adult to decide the future of territories franchise in the respective areas.” over which there is controversy The motion was negatived. })etween any two of the new States.” Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: The motion was negatived. E That for the words “and that the boundaries of the existing States be Mr. Deputy-Speaker: The question is: readjusted accordingly” the following That the following be added at the be substituted: end: “and that a commission be “This House is further of opinion appointed forthwith to take up the that the State of Hyderabad be ^ question of rectification of forthwith disintegrated and its boundaries in the provinces of different linguistic parts be inte Northern India.” grated with the adjoining similar linguistic units.*' The motion was negatived. The motion was negatived. 3753 Resolution re. 12 JULY 1952 Linguistic States 3754 accordance with the terms of the Mr. Depaty-Speaker: The question is: merger agreements/’ That the following be added at the The motion was negatived. end: Mr. Deputy-Speaker: Now the original resolution. The question is: “This House is of opinion that “and that in view of the changed immediate steps should be taken circumstances arising out of the to redistribute the States on a linguistic basis and that the Mayurbhanj in Orissa and conse boundaries of the existing States quent geographical contiguity, be readjusted accordingly.” Seraikella and Kharswan be im The House divided: Ayes, 77: Noes, mediately restored to Orissa in 261. AYES IMviiloxi Ko- 10] [I P.M, AduOii. Shri Jayaraman, Shri Ramnurayan SJiigh, Babu AJit Singh, Shri Eachiroyar, Shri Bandaman Singh, Shri AmjAd AU, Jonab Kandanamy. Shri Bao, Dr. Bama Bahadur Singh, Slirl Eelappan, Bhri Bao, Stiri Qopala Baneijee.8bri Khare, Dr. V. B. Bao, Bhri E. S. Basil, 8hri K. K. Lai Bingh, Sardar Bao, Shri P. B. Biren Datt. Shri Mahata. Bhri B. Bao, Shri P. Bubba Boovaraithaaainy, Shri Hajhl. Shri Chaltan Bao, Shri Mohana Buohhikotaiah, 8hrt Mcnon, Shri Damodara Bao, Shri Bajagopala Chatterjea, Shri Tn»har Ml0hra, Pandit S. C. Bao, Shri Vittal' Chattopadhyaya. Shri Mookerjee, Dr. S. P. Boddi, Shri Madhao Chandhorl, Shri T. K. Mukerjee, Shri H. N. Beddi, Shri Bamachaudra Chowdary, Shri C. B. More, Shri S. S. Beddy, Bhri Bswara Chowdhnry, Shri N. B. MnniBwamy, Stiri Bishang Eciahing, Shri Damodaran, Shri N. P. Murthy, Shri B. S. Saha, Shri Meghnad Dat, Shri B. C. Muflhar, Shri Bhakuntala, Shrimati Dai, Shri Sarangadhar Naidu, Shri N. B. Singh Shri B. N. Dasaratha Deb, Sliri Nair, Shri N. S. Subrahmanyam, Bhri E. Deo. Shri E. N. S. Nanadas, Shri Suudaram, Dr. Lanka Deshpande, Bhri V. G. Kesamony, Bhri Swami, Shri Sivamurthl Gam MaUudora, Shri Pocker Saheb, Shri Swamy, Shri N. B. M. Giidhari Bhoi, Shri Punnoose, Bhri Vallatharas, Shri Gopalan, Shri A. K. Baghabachari, Bhri Velayudlian, Shri Gnnipadaawamy, Shri Baghavaiah, Shri Verma, Shri Bamjl Hiikam Slugh, Sardar Bajabhoj, Shri Waghmare, Shri Jaisoorya, Dr. BamaaeBhftiah, Shri NOES Abdus Sattar, Shri Bhatkar, Bhri Chaudhary, Shri G. L. Achuthan, Shri Bhatt, Shri C. B. Chavda, Shri Agarawal, Shri H. L. Bheekha Bhai, Shri Chettiar, Shri Nagappa Agrawal, Shri H. L. Bhonsle, Major-General Chaudhry, Shri M. Shaffi f Altekar, Shri Bidari, Bhri Dabhi, Bhri Alva, Shri Joachim Blrbal Singh, Shri Damar, Bhri Amrit Kanr, Eajkumarl Bogawat, Bhri Damodaran, Shri G. B. Af thana, Bhri Borooah, Bhri Das. Dr. M. M. Balavnbramaniam, Shri Bom, Bhri P. 0. Das, Shri B. Balmiki, Shri Brajethwar Prasad, Shri Das, Shri B. E. Bansal, Shri Brohmo-Choudhory, Bhri Das, Shri Bam Dhanl Barman, Shri Buragohaln, Shri Das, Shri Bamananda Barupal, Shri Chanda, Bhri Anil K. j>as, Bhri N. T. Batappa, Bhri Chandak, Bhri Datar, Bhri Bhagat, Bhri B. E. Chandrasekhar, Shrimati Deb. Shri S. C. Bhakta Danhan, Shri Charak, Bhri Deogam, Bhri Bharatl, Bhri G. 8. Chatterjee, Dr. Bosilranjan Desai, BhrlE. N. Bhargava, Pandit Thaknr Dat Chaturvedl, Shri Deshmukh, Shri 0. D .' ,«7M /Bittohaitm ite. JULY -1952 ■lAnotMHe "States 3766 DeAinntt. «mX. 0. Krishna Chandra, Shrl Prasad, Shri H. S. Detbmokb, Dr.^. 8. Krlshnamaehari. Bhrl.T. j . Rachiah, Sbn N. Dnhpanda, SItfl 0. B. KrlOuu^B9^auiM.y, * Radhs Raman, Shri DhoUkl^ ahri Knreel, Bhii B. N. Raghubir Sahai, Shri Dbulekar, Stiri Knroel. Shrl P. L. Raghuramsiah, Shri Dhuslya, Shrl Lai. Shri B. S, BaJ Bahadur. Shri DIgambar Slngb, Shrl Lallanjl. Shrl BamDaas, 81M Dub«, Bhrl U. B. Lakshmayya. Bliri Bam Ssran, Prof. Dnbey, Shrl B. O. Laskar, Prof. Bam Subha? Singh, ®r. DutU, Bhrl S. K. Llngam. Bhrl N. M. Banblr Singh. Ch. Dwlvedl. Bhrl D. P. Madlah Gowda. Bhrl Bane, Bhrl Bwlyodl. Bhrl M. L. Mabodaya. Bhrl Bao. Dlwan Raghavendra BhMwwr, IXr. Mahtab. Bhrl fiao.8htl!B. BUM BlAyapemmal, Shrl Majhl. Bhrl B. C. Bao, Bkri Sestaaglrf Fotodar, Pandit Malavlya. Shrl K. D. Beddy. Shri H. S. Oadgll. Shrl HaUlah. Bhrl U. S. Beddy, Shri Yiswanatha Gandhi. Shrl Ferose ICalTla. Shri B. N. Boy. Dr. Batyaban Gandhi. Shrl M. M. Malvlya, Pandit C. N. Bup Naraln, Shri Oanpatl Bam. Shrl Malvlya. Shrl MotlUl Bahaya. Shri Syamnandan Ohose, Bhrl S. M. Mandal. Dr. P. Bshu, Shri Bhagabat Ghoth. Bhrl A. Masiiodi. Maulana * Sahu. Shri Bameshwar Girl. Bhrl V. V. Masurlya Din. Shri Baigal. Bardar A. S. Gounder . Shrl K. P. Mathew. Prof. SakBena,8hriMohanlal Gonnder. Bhrl K. S. Maydeo. Shrimatl Bamanta, Shri S. C. Govlnd Das, Beth Mehta. Shri A. L. Sanganna, Shri Gopta . Bhrl Badshah Mehta . Shri Balwant Sinha Sankarapandian, Shri Harl Mohan, Dr. Mishra. Bhrl Bibhuti Barmah, Shri Hazarlka. Shrl J. N. Mishra. Shrl L. N. Satish Chandra. Shri Heda. Bhrl Mishra, Shri M. P. Satyawadl. Dr. Hem BaJ. Shrl Bllshra, Bhrl 8. N. Ben, Shri P. G. Hembrom. Bhrl Misra, Pndit Lingaraj Shah. Shri B.B. Hyder Huaeln. Ch. Misra. Shri B. N. Bhahnawaz Khan. Shri Ibrahim. Bhrl Misra. Shri B. D. Shanna, Pandit Balkrlshna Islamuddln, Bhrl M. Misra. Shri S. P. ^Sharma, Pandit K. C. lyyanl. Bhrl B. Mohinddln. Shri Sharma, Shri K. B. lyyunnl, Shrl C. B. Morarka. Shri Sharma,Shri B. C. JagJlTan Bam. Shrl More. Shri K. L. Sivananjappa. Bhrl Jain, Shrl A. P. Mnohaki Kosa. Shri Shobha Bam. Shri Jatav-vlr, Bhrl Mudallar Shri C. B. Biddananjappa, Shri Jayasbrl. Bhrlmatl Mnsailr. GlanI G. S. Singh, Shri Babunath Jha. Shrl Bhagwat Muthnkrlshnan. Sliri Singh. Bhrl H. P. Jhunjhunwala. Shrl Namdhari. Shri Singh, Sbri L. J. Joshl. Bhrl Jethalal Naraslmhan. Shri C. B. Singh Shri T. N. Joshl. Shrl Krlthnacharya Naskar. Shri P. S. Binha. Dr. S. JoBhl. Bhrl Llladhar Natawadkar. Shri Sinha. Shri C. N. P. Joihl. BhrlM. D. Nathwanl. Shri N. P. Sinha. Shri G. P. Joshl. Shrl N. L. Nehru. Shri Jawaharlal Sinha. ShrlJhulan Kakkan. Shrl Nehm. Shrimatl Uma Binha Shri K.P. Eale. BhrlmaU A. Neswi. Shri Sinha. Shri N. P. Kamble. Shd NUalingappa, Shri Binha, Shri Satya Narayan Kanongo, Shrl Pannalal. Shri Slnhasan Singh. Shri Earmarkar, Bhrl Pant. Shrl D. D. Siva. Dr. Gangadhara Eatham.Shrl Parlkh, Shri S. G. Somana, Shri N. Katju.Dr. ' Parmar. Shri B. B. Bomani JShri G. D. EMhavalengar. Bhrl Pataskar, Shri Boren, Shri Keskar» Dr. Patel. ShriB.K. Subrahmanyam. Shri T. Khedkar. Bhrl 0. B. Fatal. ShrimaU Maniben SuriyaPrashad,Slii| Khongmen, Bhrlmatl PatlJ,BhanSaheb Swamlnadhan. Shrimatl A] KhudaBakBh,ShriM. Patll. Shri Bhankarganda Syed Mahmud. Dr. KlroUkar. Shrl Pawar.ShriV.P. Tandon, Shrl Eolay. Shd Prabhakar, Bhrl N. Telkikar, Shri 92 PSD 3737 lUaolMtioii'Te 12 JULY 1952 UtiffttlcMe StaMa S7S8 OttW. BM ' VMniMkw. atari Opadhm. BM Bhtf* Dtyml Vilan Utataail. atariBMU TkMM«.ShrlA.V. Opiidh)r»]w. atari A D. VktawuMtta PiMnd. atari Tlntl.ShriT.ll. VakhMV. Shri H. S. Vrm. atari Hadb*lal Tt«Ml.ShriS.a. Takitir*. atari M . B i Wodcyw. atari TiHh ^ BMK.P. Tmm.atari B.B. akriV.U VMM. atari B.E. T ^ 8 M B .U Vuttk. atari The motion was negatived. Th« Hoiiat them adjourned till a Monday, the 14th July 1952 Quarter Pott Eight of the Clock on