Leoislative Assembly Debates
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I j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j ~ . he ~ Ra,;t -.se~~\trr) ObananJayarao Gadgtl Library mmm~ m~ mmlillllllllmal GIPE·PUNE"()64S06 - To Dadabhai -Naotoji, Esquire, j j j j j j j j j j j j j 'V2 M45 j x j j j :D~ j j 64 gO' j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j PREPACk TH B Honourable Sir Pherozeshah" Merwanjee Mehta, K.C.I.B., M.A., Barrister-at-Iaw, occupies a fore most position among the worthiest of our public men by reason alike of commanding talents and disinterested patriotism. His speeches and writings, which have al ways attracted considerable attention, are admired no less for their literary charm than for the soundness of his opinions,-closely argued, expressed in earnest lang uage and breathing conviction in every syllable. Sir Pherozeshah's public life began so early as in 1867, and during the long space of time that has elapsed since then there has not been any important problem, local, provincial or imperial, in the discussion of which he has not taken a conspicuous part. What a large part he has played in the p1,lblic life of his city, province and country, is evident from his many speeches as well as his varied and numerous contributions to the fress; which are now presented to the world in this volume. It would be presumption on my part to pass an opinion on the character of Sir Pheroze shah's pronouncements on public questions. -
SOCIAL IMPERIALISM - and How It Was Applied in the Bombay Presidency 1895-1925
SOCIAL IMPERIALISM - And how it was applied in the Bombay Presidency 1895-1925. Ph.D. thesis by Henrik Chetan Aspengren, Department of Politcis and International Studies, School of Oriental and African Studies. ABSTRACT This thesis traces how British imperialism, as an ideology of empire, developed a social dimension by the turn of the twentieth century. Drawing on archival sources, the thesis explores what motivated British social imperialism, how knowledge and political thought operated within it, and how it translated into local colonial policy in the Bombay Presidency, British India, between 1895-1925. The study uses Michel Foucault’s concept of bio-politics to engage the ways in which emerging social liberalism, and British sociology, enabled the conceptualisation and politicisation of a distinct social domain, and helped putting ‘the social’ into British imperialism. Sociology and social liberalism defined the social in vague terms. Yet, I will show, it was seen as key to stability and progress. It was perceived by contemporaries as contingent of, but not determined by, industrial capitalism and the emergence of modem industrial society. Liberalism, the thesis points out, had always been closely related to British imperialism in general, and the British administration of India in particular. The introduction of a social element in liberalism did not end that relationship; rather, it enabled a shift in preferred domain of intervention from the moral to the social. I outline what constituted social liberalism and how it influenced imperial thought. Sociology, in turn, delineated the social domain and made it known. I revisit turn of the twentieth-century debates within British sociology and trace how these debates informed the official introduction of sociological research into colonial India. -
11 Manjrekar Basak Education.Pdf
Education and the Urban in India | Working Paper Series 2021/11 Nandini Manjrekar Poushali Basak Public Education in Bombay’s Mill District in the Early Twentieth Century Nandini Manjrekar / Poushali Basak Public Education in Bombay’s Mill District Abstract: The emergence of Mumbai as India’s premier urban metropolis was directly related to the development of its textile industry from the mid nineteenth century. The extensive scholarly archive on Bombay (now Mumbai) provides a lens through which to view the growth of the early city, from studies of spatio-cultural changes, issues related to housing, sanitation, neighbourhoods, and city planning, to the work and lives of its industrial workforce, largely composed of migrants from the rural hinterland. Scholarly inquiry into the making of the city has largely left unaddressed the place of public schooling in the wider imagination of the unique urban modern sphere that Bombay came to represent. This paper draws on a research study that attempted to recover the history of public education in the city by focusing on the contexts in which children of the industrial working class were educated in the mill district of Bombay in the first half of the twentieth century. The paper focuses on the implementation of Free and Compulsory Primary Education (FCPE) in F and G wards of the city, collectively constituting the area known as Girangaon (village of the mills). The paper situates this significant experiment within the historical context of its times and attempts to provide a descriptive and thematic account of its implementation. Keywords: Bombay/Mumbai, Girangaon, public education, municipal schools, free and compulsory education Nandini Manjrekar is Professor and former Dean, School of Education, Tata Institute of Social Sciences (TISS), Mumbai. -
INDIAN POLITICS and the ELECTIONS of 1937 B Y David
INDIAN POLITICS AND THE ELECTIONS OF 1937 b y David Denis Taylor Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the University of London 1971 ProQuest Number: 11010433 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010433 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 ABSTRACT The thesis consists of a preliminary examination of the de velopment of Indian politics in the mid-1930s, especially their reaction to the Government of India Act, 1935* and the consequent provincial elections of 1937. The period has re cently been opened to research through the availability of official records and private and party papers in India and England. Newspapers and secondary sources have also been used. Chapter 1 looks at the way in which British policy to wards the elections and electoral arrangements vrs formulated, and at whether there were specific attempts to influence their outcome. Working from an ideal type of a nationalist party as a bourgeois-led consensus movement, chapter 2 analyses the composition of the Indian National Congress and other parties, their relations to other political and social structures, their policies, their relations with each other, and the effect on them of contesting elections. -
Lord Minto and the Indian Nationalist Movement, with Special Reference
Lord Minto and the Indian Nationalist Movement, with Special Reference to the Political Activities of the Indian Muslims, 1905-1910. Syed Razi Wasti Submitted for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, in the University of London. School of Oriental and African Studies. February 1962 ProQuest Number: 11010616 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest 11010616 Published by ProQuest LLC(2018). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States C ode Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC. 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106- 1346 CONTENTS Page Abstract List of Abbreviations........* ................. Introduction...... ... ... ... ... ........... 5) Chapter I. Minto and the Indian National Congress, 1906-1907.......... ... Chapter II. The Origin and Growth of the All- India Muslim League, 1906-1910 ... go Chapter III. Minto and Militant Nationalism, 1907-1909............................ i 1 o> 0 Chapter IV. The Origin and Growth of the Reforms............................ Chapter V. The Muslims Secure Separate Representations 1906-1910. ........ 2 5 0 Chapter VI. Enactment and Enforcement of the Indian Councils Act of 1909 ....... 287 Conclusion......................................... 33 i Bibliography 3 ABSTRACT Lord Minto's policy towards the Indian Nationalist movement has heen examined in this thesis. Curzon had ignored the Indian National Congress. -
Law and Emergency in India, 1915-1955 Javed Iqbal Wani
Decolonizing Public Order: Law and Emergency in India, 1915-1955 Javed Iqbal Wani Department of History Royal Holloway, University of London A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 2017 Abstract This thesis sets out to investigate how law was used as a tool of governance in late colonial and early postcolonial India, with special reference to the invocation of states of exception or simply, extraordinary laws. The question is closely related to another issue, the creation of certain ‘problem categories’ to whom the normal process of law did not apply and which represented a legalised and permanent state of exception. With regards to both questions this thesis has found a consistency in perspective across the colonial – post-colonial divide. Bureaucrats in independent India were just as obsessed with maintaining peace and tranquillity as the colonial law and order administration. The case studies discussed in this thesis are diverse both in terms of their focus on different regions and the analytic angle of each instance involved. They include an analysis of the workings of the Defence of India Act of 1915 and the Rowlatt Bills in the 1910s, followed by more bottom-up case studies of how Section 144 CrPC was deployed in local emergencies in several provinces across India. Of particular importance in this context is Uttar Pradesh (UP) which is used to compare governmental practice under the pre and post-Independence Congress administrations. A certain overall pattern emerges from these case studies. For one, there was an increasing trend to normalize states of exception for the sake of maintaining law and order. -
56 Chapter-III Gokhale in the Imperial Council
56 Chapter-III Gokhale in the Imperial Council - Political and Administrative Issues Gokhale's election to the Imperial Council The elective seat allotted to the Bombay Presidency in the hnperial Council, had been occupied by Pherozeshah Mehta, since 1893. However, ill -health compelled him to resign in 1901. Gokhale, who had aspired to enter the Supreme Council, decided to win over Mehta's support for his candidature. In a letter to Mehta (dated 15'^ January 1901), which was drafted with consummate skill, Gokhale laid bare his hopes and aspirations. He spoke of his impending retirement form the Fergusson College, to which he had dedicated the best years of his youth, and of his intention to devote the rest of his life to political work in India and in England. He also mentioned that his wife's death had destroyed the principle tie that bound him to family life and settled home, and he could now devote himself fully into the field of politics. Appreciating Mehta's qualities as a political leader, Gokhale asked for sympathy and encouragement. He attested that the experiences of the Apology Case had made him more judicious and so his young age would not be an impediment. He also assured Mehta that he did not seek the honour on grounds merely of personal ambition and that he had decided to devote his life to the furtherance of the Indian political cause in England. Therefore, for this work, a brief period of membership of the Viceroy's Council would be very useful. In this way, with due deference to Mehta, Gokhale made him aware of his intention to enter not only the Imperial Council but also the British Parliament in London, and staked his claims on a public rather than on a private plane. -
Quaid-I-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah in His Formative Years, 1892-1920
First phase of his freedom struggle The Formative Years 1892-1920 By: Riaz. Ahmad Quaid-i-A zam Moham m ad A liJinnah Firstphase ofhis freedom struggle Th e Fo rm a tiv e Ye a rs 1 8 9 2 -1 9 2 0 B y:Riaz.A hm ad Reproduced by SaniH .Panhw ar CONTENTS Preface .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 List of Abbreviations .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 4 Introduction .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 5 I Family Background and Education .. .. .. .. 23 II Early Legal and Public Career 1896-1906 .. .. .. 48 III Emergence as an all-India Leader .. .. .. .. 74 IV "Ambassador of Unity" .. .. .. .. .. .. 109 V The Crucial Years: 1916-1920 .. .. .. .. .. 149 Conclusion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 199 Appendices: A - Jinnah's Speech on the Mussalman Wakf Validating Bill, 17 March 1911 .. .. .. .. .. .. 206 B - Sarojini Naidu's Speech at Allahabad, January 1917 .. .. 215 C - Jinnah's Speech at the Bombay War Conference, 10 June l9l8 .. 216 D - Jinnah's Press Interview, 16 November 1919 .. .. .. 219 PREFACE No adequate attempt has so far been made to study Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah in his formative years, 1892-1920. This is, perhaps, due to the fact that scholars were not particularly interested in this phase of his career, nor was material on the period readily available to them. Jinnah is rightly considered the founder of Pakistan. A number of studies like those of Saiyid, Allana, Bolitho substantiate this viewpoint. But, for a better understanding of Jinnah's towering personality one has to understand his previous role, especially in public and legal life. The present writer has been lucky enough to locate material on the period which has enabled him to throw fresh light on Jinnah's formative years, and, in the process, has found him emerging as a different person from what he is believed to be by most of the Pakistani and foreign writers. -
MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI BOMBAY SECRET ABSTRACT 1915 Page 26, Para
MOHANDAS KARAMCHAND GANDHI BOMBAY SECRET ABSTRACT 1915 Page 26, Para. 41 (a)(b). (a) Bombay, January 11th.—The Bombay Chronicle, dated the 11th instant has an account of the reception given to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi and of an interview with him on his arrival from England by the mail of the 9th (January) idem. Gandhi receives numerous letters, inviting him to private receptions, but I hear that he has declined them all with the exception of two public ones. It is said that he intends paying Bal Gangadhar Tilak visit. SPEECH AT PUBLIC RECEPTION, BOMBAY January 12, 1915 A public reception was accorded by the elite of Bombay to Gandhiji and Shrimati Kasturba Gandhi at Mount Petit, on January 12, 1915, over 600 distinguished citizens being present, including Europeans. The Hon. Sir Pherozeshah Mehta,1 who presided, warmly welcomed the guests of the evening. Replying to the toast, Mr. Gandhi said that he did not know that the right word, would come to him to express the feelings that had stirred within him that afternoon. He had felt that he would be more at home in his own Motherland than he used to be in South Africa among their own countrymen. But during the three days that they had passed in Bombay, they had felt—and the thought he was voicing the feelings of his wife, too—that they were much more at home among those indentured Indians, who were the truest heroes of India. They felt that they were indeed in strange company here in Bombay, and that reminded him of one thing said to him by a great Englishman, namely, that duty would be merited (sic) at the last. -
[ K. K Aziz] the Murder of History
The Murder of History critique of history textbooks used in Pakistan K.K.Aziz V VANGUARD by the same author Britain and Muslim India Some Problems of Research in Modem History The Making of Pakistan Ameer Ali: His Life and Work The Historical Background of Pakistan The All India Muslim Conference The Indian Khilafat Movement Britain and Pakistan Party Politics in Pakistan The British in India Complete Works of Rahmat Ali (2 volsj Muslims under Congress Rule (2 vols.) A History of the Idea of Pakistan (4 vols.) Rahmat Ali: A Biography Prelude to Pakistan (2 vols.) Public Life in Muslim India The Pakistani Historian THE MURDER OF HISTORY A critique of history textbooks used in Pakistan K.K. Aziz VANGUARD All rights reserved. No part of this publication way be reproduced or transmitted in anyform or by any means without prior permission in writing from the author and publisher Copyright: K.K. Aziz, 1993 First published in Pakistan by Vanguard Books Pvt Ltd Lahore Karachi Islamabad Vanguard Books Pvt Ltd Head Office: 45 The Mall Lahore Pakistan Ph: 243779, 243783, Fax: 042-321680 Tlx: 47421 SCOOP PK Branch Office: D-212, KDA 1-A, Stadium Road, Karachi Ph: 4939729,4931564 Branch Office: Jinnah Super Market, Islamabad Ph: 215215, 210099 Printed at Maktaba Jadeed Press (Pvt) Ltd., 9-Railway Road, Lahore. ISBN: 969-402-126-X (HB) To the late Uncle Hakim Jan of blessed memory More than a brother to my father, a benefactor of my family, whose mind, lit by the flame of virtue, was a miracle of equilibrium CONTENTS Preface ix 1 The Prescribed Myths 1 2 The Calamity of Errors 118 3 The Road to Ruin 175 4 The Burden of Responsibility 230 Appendix — A 248 Appendix — B 249 Appendix — C 257 Index 263 I PREFACE In this book I have scrutinized 66 textbooks on SoclalJSttidtcs, Pakistan Studies and History in use in the schools and colleges of Pakistan by students of classes 1 to 14. -
Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 I ’ .... I take my vow that I shall lay down may life in defence of our land. Babasaheb Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (14th April 1891 - 6th December 1956) z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 II z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 III “For I am of the opinion that the most vital need of the day is to create among the mass of the people the sense of a common nationality, the feeling not that they are Indians first and Hindus, Mohammedans or Sindhis and Kanarese afterwards, but that they are Indians first and Indians last. If that be the ideal then it follows that nothing should be done which will harden local patriotism and group consciousness.” —(P. No. 66) —Dr. B. R. Ambedkar z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 IV z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 V DR BABASAHEB AMBEDKAR WRITINGS AND SPEECHES VOL. 17 PART ONE DR. B. R. AMBEDKAR AND HIS EGALITARIAN REVOLUTION PART ONE STRUGGLE FOR HUMAN RIGHTS z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 VI BLANK z:\ ambedkar\vol-017\vol17-01-01.indd MK SJ+YS 11-10-2013/YS-19-11-2013 VII DR. -
Empire's Metropolis Money Time & Space in Colonial Bombay, 1870
Empire's Metropolis Money Time & Space in Colonial Bombay, 1870-1930 by SHEKHAR KRISHNAN B.S.F.S., Georgetown University School of Foreign Service, 1998 M.A. (Lon), School of Oriental & African Studies, University of London, 1999 Submitted to the Program in Science Technology & Society (STS) in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in History, Anthropology and Science Technology & Society (HASTS) at the ARC UVE Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) I MASSACHUSETTSI I WIIU OF TECHNOLOGY SEPTEMBER 2013 DEC 16 2013 V 2013 Shekhar Krishnan. All Rights Reserved. LIBRARIES The author hereby grants to MIT permission to reproduce and distribute publicly paper and electronic copies of this thesis document in whole or in part in any medium now known or hereafter created. Signature of Author: Shekhar Krishnan History, Anthropology and Science Technology & Society (HASTS) 29 August 2013 Certified by: .f- / Michael M.J. Fischer Andrew W. Mellon Professor in the Humanities Professor of Anthropology and Science & Technology Studies Thesis Supervisor and Committee Chair Certified by: Merritt Roe Smith Leverett Howell & William King Cutten Professor of History of Technology, Science & Technology Studies and History Thesis Committee Member Certified by: / Sudipta Kaviraj Professor of Indian Politics and Intellectual History Columbia University in the City of New York Thesis Committee Member Accepted by: Heather Paxson Associate Professor, Anthropology Director of Graduate Studies, History, Anthropology and STS Accepted by: David Kaiser Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science, STS Director, Program in Science, Technology, and Society Senior Lecturer, Department of Physics Abstract The thesis utilises newly available legal and municipal archives to study the historical geography of colonial Bombay through five interlocking themes and periods from 1870-1930.