The Bio3d Package

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Bio3d Package The bio3d Package February 24, 2015 Title Biological Structure Analysis Version 2.2-0 Author Barry Grant, Xin-Qiu Yao, Lars Skjaerven, Julien Ide VignetteBuilder knitr Imports parallel, grid Suggests XML, RCurl, lattice, ncdf, igraph, bigmemory, knitr, testthat (>= 0.9.1) Depends R (>= 3.1.0) LazyData yes Description Utilities to process, organize and explore protein structure, sequence and dynam- ics data. Features include the ability to read and write structure, sequence and dynamic trajec- tory data, perform sequence and structure database searches, data summaries, atom selec- tion, alignment, superposition, rigid core identification, clustering, torsion analysis, distance ma- trix analysis, structure and sequence conservation analysis, normal mode analysis, principal com- ponent analysis of heterogeneous structure data, and correlation network analysis from nor- mal mode and molecular dynamics data. In addition, various utility functions are provided to en- able the statistical and graphical power of the R environment to work with biological se- quence and structural data. Please refer to the URLs below for more information. Maintainer Barry Grant <[email protected]> License GPL (>= 2) URL http://thegrantlab.org/bio3d/, http://bitbucket.org/Grantlab/bio3d R topics documented: bio3d-package . .5 aa.index . .7 aa.table . .8 aa123 . .9 aa2index . 10 1 2 R topics documented: aa2mass . 11 aln2html . 13 angle.xyz . 14 as.fasta . 15 as.pdb . 16 as.select . 19 atom.index . 20 atom.select . 20 atom2ele . 23 atom2mass . 25 atom2xyz . 26 basename.pdb . 27 bhattacharyya . 28 binding.site . 29 biounit . 31 blast.pdb . 32 bounds . 35 bounds.sse . 36 bwr.colors . 37 cat.pdb . 38 chain.pdb . 39 check.utility . 40 clean.pdb . 41 cmap............................................. 42 cna.............................................. 44 cnapath . 47 com ............................................. 49 combine.select . 51 community.tree . 52 consensus . 54 conserv . 55 convert.pdb . 57 core.find . 59 cov.nma . 62 covsoverlap . 63 dccm............................................. 64 dccm.enma . 65 dccm.nma . 66 dccm.pca . 67 dccm.xyz . 69 deformation.nma . 71 diag.ind . 72 difference.vector . 73 dist.xyz . 74 dm.............................................. 76 dssp............................................. 78 elements . 81 entropy . 82 example.data . 84 filter.cmap . 85 filter.dccm . 86 filter.identity . 88 R topics documented: 3 filter.rmsd . 90 fit.xyz . 91 fluct.nma . 93 formula2mass . 95 gap.inspect . 95 geostas . 97 get.pdb . 101 get.seq . 102 hclustplot . 103 hmmer . 105 identify.cna . 108 inner.prod . 109 inspect.connectivity . 110 is.gap . 111 is.pdb . 113 is.select . 113 is.xyz . 114 layout.cna . 115 lbio3d . 116 lmi.............................................. 117 load.enmff . 118 mktrj . 120 motif.find . 122 mustang . 123 network.amendment . 124 nma ............................................. 126 nma.pdb . 127 nma.pdbs . 131 normalize.vector . ..
Recommended publications
  • Proteomics Provides Insights Into the Inhibition of Chinese Hamster V79
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Proteomics provides insights into the inhibition of Chinese hamster V79 cell proliferation in the deep underground environment Jifeng Liu1,2, Tengfei Ma1,2, Mingzhong Gao3, Yilin Liu4, Jun Liu1, Shichao Wang2, Yike Xie2, Ling Wang2, Juan Cheng2, Shixi Liu1*, Jian Zou1,2*, Jiang Wu2, Weimin Li2 & Heping Xie2,3,5 As resources in the shallow depths of the earth exhausted, people will spend extended periods of time in the deep underground space. However, little is known about the deep underground environment afecting the health of organisms. Hence, we established both deep underground laboratory (DUGL) and above ground laboratory (AGL) to investigate the efect of environmental factors on organisms. Six environmental parameters were monitored in the DUGL and AGL. Growth curves were recorded and tandem mass tag (TMT) proteomics analysis were performed to explore the proliferative ability and diferentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in V79 cells (a cell line widely used in biological study in DUGLs) cultured in the DUGL and AGL. Parallel Reaction Monitoring was conducted to verify the TMT results. γ ray dose rate showed the most detectable diference between the two laboratories, whereby γ ray dose rate was signifcantly lower in the DUGL compared to the AGL. V79 cell proliferation was slower in the DUGL. Quantitative proteomics detected 980 DAPs (absolute fold change ≥ 1.2, p < 0.05) between V79 cells cultured in the DUGL and AGL. Of these, 576 proteins were up-regulated and 404 proteins were down-regulated in V79 cells cultured in the DUGL. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that seven pathways (e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Towards an Understanding of Regulating Cajal Body Activity by Protein Modification
    RNA BIOLOGY 2017, VOL. 14, NO. 6, 761–778 https://doi.org/10.1080/15476286.2016.1243649 REVIEW Towards an understanding of regulating Cajal body activity by protein modification Michael D. Hebert and Aaron R. Poole Department of Biochemistry, The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA ABSTRACT ARTICLE HISTORY The biogenesis of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), small Cajal body-specific RNPs (scaRNPs), Received 31 May 2016 small nucleolar RNPs (snoRNPs) and the telomerase RNP involves Cajal bodies (CBs). Although many Revised 30 August 2016 components enriched in the CB contain post-translational modifications (PTMs), little is known about how Accepted 27 September 2016 these modifications impact individual protein function within the CB and, in concert with other modified KEYWORDS factors, collectively regulate CB activity. Since all components of the CB also reside in other cellular Cajal body; coilin; locations, it is also important that we understand how PTMs affect the subcellular localization of CB phosphorylation; post- components. In this review, we explore the current knowledge of PTMs on the activity of proteins known translational modification; to enrich in CBs in an effort to highlight current progress as well as illuminate paths for future SMN; telomerase; WRAP53 investigation. Introduction functions of these proteins in the CB is diverse, but collectively There are different types of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), which are thought to contribute to the RNP biogenesis mission of the are comprised of non-coding RNA and associated proteins. CB. Like other cellular processes, RNP biogenesis, and thus CB RNPs take part in fundamental cellular activities such as trans- activity, is regulated but an understanding of this regulation is lation and pre-mRNA splicing.
    [Show full text]
  • Detailed Characterization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Manufactured for Therapeutic Applications
    Stem Cell Rev and Rep DOI 10.1007/s12015-016-9662-8 Detailed Characterization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Manufactured for Therapeutic Applications Behnam Ahmadian Baghbaderani 1 & Adhikarla Syama2 & Renuka Sivapatham3 & Ying Pei4 & Odity Mukherjee2 & Thomas Fellner1 & Xianmin Zeng3,4 & Mahendra S. Rao5,6 # The Author(s) 2016. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract We have recently described manufacturing of hu- help determine which set of tests will be most useful in mon- man induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) master cell banks itoring the cells and establishing criteria for discarding a line. (MCB) generated by a clinically compliant process using cord blood as a starting material (Baghbaderani et al. in Stem Cell Keywords Induced pluripotent stem cells . Embryonic stem Reports, 5(4), 647–659, 2015). In this manuscript, we de- cells . Manufacturing . cGMP . Consent . Markers scribe the detailed characterization of the two iPSC clones generated using this process, including whole genome se- quencing (WGS), microarray, and comparative genomic hy- Introduction bridization (aCGH) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis. We compare their profiles with a proposed calibra- Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are akin to embryonic tion material and with a reporter subclone and lines made by a stem cells (ESC) [2] in their developmental potential, but dif- similar process from different donors. We believe that iPSCs fer from ESC in the starting cell used and the requirement of a are likely to be used to make multiple clinical products. We set of proteins to induce pluripotency [3]. Although function- further believe that the lines used as input material will be used ally identical, iPSCs may differ from ESC in subtle ways, at different sites and, given their immortal status, will be used including in their epigenetic profile, exposure to the environ- for many years or even decades.
    [Show full text]
  • RNA: Transcription, Processing, and Decay 8
    CHAPTER RNA: Transcription, Processing, and Decay 8 Knowledge of the molecular mechanisms that synthesize and destroy RNAs in cells has led to technologies that allow researchers to control gene expression in precise ways. For example, on the left is CHAPTER OUTLINE AND LEARNING OBJECTIVES a C. elegans worm that has been manipulated to express a gene encoding the green fluorescent protein 8.1 RNA STRUCTURE (GFP) in specific cells, and on the right LO 8.1 Describe how the structure of RNA enables it to function differently from DNA. is a genetically identical worm in which GFP expression is silenced. [ Jessica Vasale/Laboratory of Craig Mello. ] 8.2 TRANSCRIPTION AND DECAY OF mRNA IN BACTERIA LO 8.2 Explain how RNA polymerases are directed to begin and end transcription at specific places in genomes. 8.3 TRANSCRIPTION IN EUKARYOTES LO 8.3 Describe how mRNA transcription and decay mechanisms in eukaryotes are similar to those in bacteria. 8.4 PROCESSING OF mRNA IN EUKARYOTES LO 8.4 Explain how mRNA processing, editing, and modification occur and can affect the abundance and sequence of proteins in eukaryotes. 8.5 DECAY OF mRNA IN EUKARYOTES LO 8.5 Describe how siRNAs regulate the abundance of specific RNAs and play a role in maintaining genome integrity in eukaryotes. 267 11_GriffitITGA12e_11478_Ch08_267_300.indd 267 14/10/19 9:49 AM The broad objective for this chapter is to understand the mechanisms of RNA CHAPTER OBJECTIVE synthesis, processing, and decay as well as how RNA and protein factors reg- ulate these mechanisms. n this chapter, we describe how the information stored in eliminated from cells by decay mechanisms that disassem- DNA is transferred to RNA.
    [Show full text]
  • A Genomic Approach to Delineating the Occurrence of Scoliosis in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita
    G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article A Genomic Approach to Delineating the Occurrence of Scoliosis in Arthrogryposis Multiplex Congenita Xenia Latypova 1, Stefan Giovanni Creadore 2, Noémi Dahan-Oliel 3,4, Anxhela Gjyshi Gustafson 2, Steven Wei-Hung Hwang 5, Tanya Bedard 6, Kamran Shazand 2, Harold J. P. van Bosse 5 , Philip F. Giampietro 7,* and Klaus Dieterich 8,* 1 Grenoble Institut Neurosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1216, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France; [email protected] 2 Shriners Hospitals for Children Headquarters, Tampa, FL 33607, USA; [email protected] (S.G.C.); [email protected] (A.G.G.); [email protected] (K.S.) 3 Shriners Hospitals for Children, Montreal, QC H4A 0A9, Canada; [email protected] 4 School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 2M1, Canada 5 Shriners Hospitals for Children, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA; [email protected] (S.W.-H.H.); [email protected] (H.J.P.v.B.) 6 Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance System, Alberta Health Services, Edmonton, AB T5J 3E4, Canada; [email protected] 7 Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA 8 Institut of Advanced Biosciences, Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, U1209, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38000 Grenoble, France * Correspondence: [email protected] (P.F.G.); [email protected] (K.D.) Citation: Latypova, X.; Creadore, S.G.; Dahan-Oliel, N.; Gustafson, Abstract: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) describes a group of conditions characterized A.G.; Wei-Hung Hwang, S.; Bedard, by the presence of non-progressive congenital contractures in multiple body areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Content Based Search in Gene Expression Databases and a Meta-Analysis of Host Responses to Infection
    Content Based Search in Gene Expression Databases and a Meta-analysis of Host Responses to Infection A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of Drexel University by Francis X. Bell in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy November 2015 c Copyright 2015 Francis X. Bell. All Rights Reserved. ii Acknowledgments I would like to acknowledge and thank my advisor, Dr. Ahmet Sacan. Without his advice, support, and patience I would not have been able to accomplish all that I have. I would also like to thank my committee members and the Biomed Faculty that have guided me. I would like to give a special thanks for the members of the bioinformatics lab, in particular the members of the Sacan lab: Rehman Qureshi, Daisy Heng Yang, April Chunyu Zhao, and Yiqian Zhou. Thank you for creating a pleasant and friendly environment in the lab. I give the members of my family my sincerest gratitude for all that they have done for me. I cannot begin to repay my parents for their sacrifices. I am eternally grateful for everything they have done. The support of my sisters and their encouragement gave me the strength to persevere to the end. iii Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES.......................................................................... vii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................ xiv ABSTRACT ................................................................................ xvii 1. A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO GENE EXPRESSION............................. 1 1.1 Central Dogma of Molecular Biology........................................... 1 1.1.1 Basic Transfers .......................................................... 1 1.1.2 Uncommon Transfers ................................................... 3 1.2 Gene Expression ................................................................. 4 1.2.1 Estimating Gene Expression ............................................ 4 1.2.2 DNA Microarrays ......................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Spliceosomal Usnrnp Biogenesis, Structure and Function Cindy L Will* and Reinhard Lührmann†
    290 Spliceosomal UsnRNP biogenesis, structure and function Cindy L Will* and Reinhard Lührmann† Significant advances have been made in elucidating the for each of the two reaction steps. Components of the biogenesis pathway and three-dimensional structure of the UsnRNPs also appear to catalyze the two transesterifi- UsnRNPs, the building blocks of the spliceosome. U2 and cation reactions leading to excision of the intron and U4/U6•U5 tri-snRNPs functionally associate with the pre-mRNA ligation of the 5′ and 3′ exons. Here we describe recent at an earlier stage of spliceosome assembly than previously advances in our understanding of snRNP biogenesis, thought, and additional evidence supporting UsnRNA-mediated structure and function, focusing primarily on the major catalysis of pre-mRNA splicing has been presented. spliceosomal UsnRNPs from higher eukaryotes. Addresses Identification of a novel UsnRNA export factor Max Planck Institute of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Cellular UsnRNP biogenesis is a complex process, many aspects of Biochemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. which remain poorly understood. Although less is known *e-mail: [email protected] about the maturation process of the minor U11, U12 and †e-mail: [email protected] U4atac UsnRNPs, it is assumed that they follow a pathway Current Opinion in Cell Biology 2001, 13:290–301 similar to that described below for the major UsnRNPs 0955-0674/01/$ — see front matter (see Figure 1). The UsnRNAs, with the exception of U6 © 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. and U6atac (see below), are transcribed by RNA polymerase II as snRNA precursors that contain additional Abbreviations ′ CBC cap-binding complex 3 nucleotides and acquire a monomethylated, m7GpppG NLS nuclear localization signal (m7G) cap structure.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplementary Table 1 Double Treatment Vs Single Treatment
    Supplementary table 1 Double treatment vs single treatment Probe ID Symbol Gene name P value Fold change TC0500007292.hg.1 NIM1K NIM1 serine/threonine protein kinase 1.05E-04 5.02 HTA2-neg-47424007_st NA NA 3.44E-03 4.11 HTA2-pos-3475282_st NA NA 3.30E-03 3.24 TC0X00007013.hg.1 MPC1L mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1-like 5.22E-03 3.21 TC0200010447.hg.1 CASP8 caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase 3.54E-03 2.46 TC0400008390.hg.1 LRIT3 leucine-rich repeat, immunoglobulin-like and transmembrane domains 3 1.86E-03 2.41 TC1700011905.hg.1 DNAH17 dynein, axonemal, heavy chain 17 1.81E-04 2.40 TC0600012064.hg.1 GCM1 glial cells missing homolog 1 (Drosophila) 2.81E-03 2.39 TC0100015789.hg.1 POGZ Transcript Identified by AceView, Entrez Gene ID(s) 23126 3.64E-04 2.38 TC1300010039.hg.1 NEK5 NIMA-related kinase 5 3.39E-03 2.36 TC0900008222.hg.1 STX17 syntaxin 17 1.08E-03 2.29 TC1700012355.hg.1 KRBA2 KRAB-A domain containing 2 5.98E-03 2.28 HTA2-neg-47424044_st NA NA 5.94E-03 2.24 HTA2-neg-47424360_st NA NA 2.12E-03 2.22 TC0800010802.hg.1 C8orf89 chromosome 8 open reading frame 89 6.51E-04 2.20 TC1500010745.hg.1 POLR2M polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide M 5.19E-03 2.20 TC1500007409.hg.1 GCNT3 glucosaminyl (N-acetyl) transferase 3, mucin type 6.48E-03 2.17 TC2200007132.hg.1 RFPL3 ret finger protein-like 3 5.91E-05 2.17 HTA2-neg-47424024_st NA NA 2.45E-03 2.16 TC0200010474.hg.1 KIAA2012 KIAA2012 5.20E-03 2.16 TC1100007216.hg.1 PRRG4 proline rich Gla (G-carboxyglutamic acid) 4 (transmembrane) 7.43E-03 2.15 TC0400012977.hg.1 SH3D19
    [Show full text]
  • A Second-Generation Genetic Linkage Map of the Baboon (Papio Hamadryas) Genome ⁎ Laura A
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Genomics 88 (2006) 274–281 www.elsevier.com/locate/ygeno A second-generation genetic linkage map of the baboon (Papio hamadryas) genome ⁎ Laura A. Cox , Michael C. Mahaney, John L. VandeBerg, Jeffrey Rogers Department of Genetics and Southwest National Primate Research Center, Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, 7620 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA Received 17 January 2006; accepted 29 March 2006 Available online 12 May 2006 Abstract Construction of genetic linkage maps for nonhuman primate species provides information and tools that are useful for comparative analysis of chromosome structure and evolution and facilitates comparative analysis of meiotic recombination mechanisms. Most importantly, nonhuman primate genome linkage maps provide the means to conduct whole genome linkage screens for localization and identification of quantitative trait loci that influence phenotypic variation in primate models of common complex human diseases such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. In this study we improved a previously published baboon whole genome linkage map by adding more loci. New loci were added in chromosomal regions that did not have sufficient marker density in the initial map. Relatively low heterozygosity loci from the original map were replaced with higher heterozygosity loci. We report in detail on baboon chromosomes 5, 12, and 18 for which the linkage maps are now substantially improved due to addition of new informative markers. © 2006 Published by Elsevier Inc. Keywords: Baboon; Linkage map; Quantitative trait loci; Nonhuman primate The construction of genetic linkage maps for nonhuman across those species [3,4].
    [Show full text]
  • An Integrative Genomic Analysis of the Longshanks Selection Experiment for Longer Limbs in Mice
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/378711; this version posted August 19, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Title: 2 An integrative genomic analysis of the Longshanks selection experiment for longer limbs in mice 3 Short Title: 4 Genomic response to selection for longer limbs 5 One-sentence summary: 6 Genome sequencing of mice selected for longer limbs reveals that rapid selection response is 7 due to both discrete loci and polygenic adaptation 8 Authors: 9 João P. L. Castro 1,*, Michelle N. Yancoskie 1,*, Marta Marchini 2, Stefanie Belohlavy 3, Marek 10 Kučka 1, William H. Beluch 1, Ronald Naumann 4, Isabella Skuplik 2, John Cobb 2, Nick H. 11 Barton 3, Campbell Rolian2,†, Yingguang Frank Chan 1,† 12 Affiliations: 13 1. Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, Tübingen, Germany 14 2. University of Calgary, Calgary AB, Canada 15 3. IST Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria 16 4. Max Planck Institute for Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany 17 Corresponding author: 18 Campbell Rolian 19 Yingguang Frank Chan 20 * indicates equal contribution 21 † indicates equal contribution 22 Abstract: 23 Evolutionary studies are often limited by missing data that are critical to understanding the 24 history of selection. Selection experiments, which reproduce rapid evolution under controlled 25 conditions, are excellent tools to study how genomes evolve under strong selection. Here we 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/378711; this version posted August 19, 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol
    NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2015 February 01. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPublished NIH-PA Author Manuscript in final edited NIH-PA Author Manuscript form as: Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014 February ; 15(2): 108–121. doi:10.1038/nrm3742. A day in the life of the spliceosome A. Gregory Matera1,2,4,5 and Zefeng Wang3,4 1Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 2Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 3Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 4Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 5Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 Abstract One of the most amazing findings in molecular biology was the discovery that eukaryotic genes are discontinuous, interrupted by stretches of non-coding sequence. The subsequent realization that the intervening regions are removed from pre-mRNA transcripts via the activity of a common set of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), which assemble together with associated proteins into a spliceosome, was equally surprising. How do cells orchestrate the assembly of this molecular machine? And how does the spliceosome accurately recognize exons and introns to carry out the splicing reaction? Insights into these questions have been gained by studying the life cycle of spliceosomal snRNAs from their transcription, nuclear export and reimport, all the way through to their dynamic assembly into the spliceosome. This assembly process can also affect the regulation of alternative splicing and has implications for human disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Autocrine IFN Signaling Inducing Profibrotic Fibroblast Responses by a Synthetic TLR3 Ligand Mitigates
    Downloaded from http://www.jimmunol.org/ by guest on September 28, 2021 Inducing is online at: average * The Journal of Immunology published online 16 August 2013 from submission to initial decision 4 weeks from acceptance to publication http://www.jimmunol.org/content/early/2013/08/16/jimmun ol.1300376 A Synthetic TLR3 Ligand Mitigates Profibrotic Fibroblast Responses by Autocrine IFN Signaling Feng Fang, Kohtaro Ooka, Xiaoyong Sun, Ruchi Shah, Swati Bhattacharyya, Jun Wei and John Varga J Immunol Submit online. Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists ? is published twice each month by http://jimmunol.org/subscription Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts http://www.jimmunol.org/content/suppl/2013/08/20/jimmunol.130037 6.DC1 Information about subscribing to The JI No Triage! Fast Publication! Rapid Reviews! 30 days* Why • • • Material Permissions Email Alerts Subscription Supplementary The Journal of Immunology The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2013 by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. This information is current as of September 28, 2021. Published August 16, 2013, doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1300376 The Journal of Immunology A Synthetic TLR3 Ligand Mitigates Profibrotic Fibroblast Responses by Inducing Autocrine IFN Signaling Feng Fang,* Kohtaro Ooka,* Xiaoyong Sun,† Ruchi Shah,* Swati Bhattacharyya,* Jun Wei,* and John Varga* Activation of TLR3 by exogenous microbial ligands or endogenous injury-associated ligands leads to production of type I IFN.
    [Show full text]