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New Record and Updated Geographic Distribution of Anolis Phyllorhinus MYERS & Carvalho, 1945

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New Record and Updated Geographic Distribution of Anolis Phyllorhinus MYERS & Carvalho, 1945 ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa Jahr/Year: 2019 Band/Volume: 31_3_4 Autor(en)/Author(s): Moraes Leandro J. C. L., Werneck Fernanda P., Pavan Dante Artikel/Article: New record and updated geographic distribution of Anolis phyllorhinus MYERS & CARVALHO, 1945 229-233 All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 11 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (3/4) Wien, 28. Februar 2019 SHORT NOTE 229 NER , F. (1938a): Die Amphibien und Reptilien Grie - Anolis phyllorhinus , the only pro - chenlands.- Zoologica, Stuttgart; 35: 1-116. WERNER , boscid anole endemic to Brazil, inhabits F. (1938b): Ergebnisse der achten Forschungsreise nach Griechenland.- Sitzungsberichte der Akademie forested areas of central Amazonia at the der Wissenschaften in Wien, mathematisch-naturwis - southern Amazonas River ( ÁvILA -P IRES senschaftliche Klasse, Wien; (Abt. 1) 147 (5-10): 151- 1995; RIBEIRO -J úNIOR 2015a), distributed 173. WWF GREEcE (2014): conservation of the island from the right bank of the Madeira River to wetlands of Greece 2004-2013. Discovering the true value of Greek island wetlands. WWF Report March the left bank of the Tapajós River. This spe - 2014. Athinai, pp. 78. cies differs from the sympatric and morpho - KEY WORDS: Reptilia, Testudines: Geoemy - logically similar A. punctatus DAUDIN , didae: Mauremys rivulata ; Squamata: Sauria: Aga - 1802, besides the presence of the rostral midae: Stellagama stellio ; Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae: proboscis in males, by some meristic and Pellophylax kurtmuelleri ; population size, record local - ities, Tinos island, cyclades, Greece morphometric characters and different size and color pattern of the gular dewlap of SUBMITTED: May 26, 2018 males ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002). Despite the AUTHOR: Mario F. BROGGI < mario.broggi@ adon.li > ‒ St. Mamertenweg 35, 9495 Triesen, lengthy elapsed time since its description, Fürstentum Liechtenstein. there remains scarce information on the nat - ural history, ecology and overall distribution range of this rarely observed lizard ( RODRI- GUES et al. 2002; PRATES et al. 2015), rea - sons that left the conservation status of the New record and updated geographic species unevaluated by the IUcN Red List distribution of Anolis phyllorhinus of Threatened Species (IUcN 2018). Pri - MYERS & c ARvALHO , 1945 mary knowledge on the geographic range of A. phyllorhinus is based on one specimen from the type locality, in the lower Madeira The genus Anolis (sensu lato) com - River, Ama zonas State ( MYERS & cARvALHO prises a highly diverse group of arboreal 1945), and one specimen for Jacareacanga, lizards from tropical and subtropical Amer - in the left bank of the upper Tapajós River ica ( ÁvILA -P IRES 1995; NIcHOLSON 2002), (WILLIAMS 1965). Almost 40 years later, with more than 400 known species ( UETZ & eight specimens, including the first known HOSEK 2018), including several recently de - female, were recorded in Aripuanã, Mato scribed (e.g., vELAScO & HURTADO -GOMES Grosso State ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002). In 2014; POE & RYAN 2017). Inside the South this same state, another four specimens of American clade Anolis (Dactyloa ), a group this lizard were recorded during a faunal of species is characterized by the presence rescue in the left bank of the Teles Pires of a large rostral proboscis in males ( WIL- River, a tributary of the Tapajós River ( SãO - LIAMS 1979). The overall understanding on PEDRO et al. 2009; R. N. FEIO , pers. comm.). causes and functions of such structure is still Aiming to improve this knowledge, here the incipient ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002), but recent authors present a new record for this lizard, studies indicate its use in social courtship, representing the 15th known vouchered spe - mating and agonistic interactions ( POE et al. cimen after 68 years of its description, being 2012; QUIROLA et al. 2017), as is known for the easternmost known locality of occur - other lizards, e.g., the Madagascan Furcifer rence and first located in the right bank of rhinoceratus (GRAY , 1843) or the Sri Lan - the Tapajós River, Pará State, Bra zil. kan Ceratophora tennentii GüNTHER , 1861. On 04 November 2013, one adult Three anole species share the possession of male (snout-vent length 81 mm) of A. phyl - a rostral proboscis: Anolis laevis cOPE , lorhinus was recorded inside a pitfall trap 1876, A. phyllorhinus MYERS & cARvALHO , (04°52’ S, 56°26’ W; municipality of 1945 and A. proboscis , PETERS & ORcéS , Trairão; Fig. 1) as part of a long-term survey 1956, however, they do not form a mono - for amphibians and reptiles in the middle phyletic group, as recent phylogenetic Tapajós River region, Pará State, Brazil frameworks evidenced that this character (MORAES et al. 2016). This pitfall trap was evolved independently in these lineages located ca. 1.5 kilometers in a straight line (PRATES et al. 2015). to the Jamanxim River, one of the main trib - All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 12 230 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (3/4) Wien, 28. Februar 2019 SHORT NOTE Fig. 1: Adult male specimen of Anolis phyllorhinus MYERS & cARvALHO , 1945, recorded in the right bank of the middle Tapajós River, Pará State, Brazil (SvL 81.0 mm; INPA-H 39769), showing the characteristic rostral proboscis and reddish dewlap coloration. utaries of the Tapajós River. The habitat is ited in the collection of Amphibians and dominated by primary Terra Firme forest Reptiles of the Instituto Nacional de Pesqui - (never flooded by large river annual pulses), sas da Amazônia (INPA-H) under the acces - with high trees, open understory and low sion number INPA-H 39769. anthropogenic influence (Fig. 2). The indi - The specimen was identified as A. vidual of A. phyllorhinus was found dead phyl lorhinus through examination of its inside the pitfall trap, collected under per - external morphology ( WILLIAMS 1979; mits #066/2012 provided by Instituto Bra - ÁvILA -PIRES 1995; RODRIGUES et al. 2002), sileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos since no other Brazilian lizard has this unique Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), and depos - combination of characters (comparisons with Fig. 2: Photographs from vicinities of the new locality of occurrence for Anolis phyllorhynus MYERS & cAR- vALHO , 1945. A – Aerial view of the Jamanxim River and its forested banks; B – Primary Terra Firme forest. All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 13 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (3/4) Wien, 28. Februar 2019 SHORT NOTE 231 Fig. 3: Updated geographic distribution map of Anolis phyllorhinus MYERS & c ARvALHO , 1945, in South America (a) and Southern Amazonia (b), with an elevational background. Dots: literature records. 1 - Lower Madeira River, Amazonas State (type locality: MYERS & cARvALHO 1945); 2 - Aripuanã, Mato Grosso State ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002); 3 - Jacareacanga, Pará State ( WILLIAMS , 1965); 4 - Left bank of the Teles Pires River, Mato Grosso State (SãO -P EDRO et al. 2009). Square: new record. 5 - Right bank of the Jamanxim River, Pará State. the sympatric and morphologically similar A. east, being the first locality of occurrence on punctatus are shown in parentheses): rostral the right bank of the Tapajós River (Fig. 3), proboscis in males present (absent), gular ca. 353 km southeast of the type locality in dewlap of males small, bright red, with the lower Madeira River, Amazonas State bluish-gray scales (large, color varying from (04°23’16” S, 59°35’38” W) ( MYERS & cAR- orange, yellow or white, with green-yellow - vALHO 1945), 685 km northeast from the ish or gray scales), anterior sublabial scales Aripuanã locality, Mato Grosso State (10° smooth and small (keeled and large), and 15’03” S, 59°32’57” W) ( RODRIGUES et al. number of post-rostral scales high [11] (low 2002), 211 km northeast from the Jacarea - [5-9]). Also, A. punctatus was observed dur - canga locality, in the left bank of the Ta - ing the ca. 940 days of sampling on both pajós River, Pará State (06°12’24” S, 57° banks of the middle Tapajós River, with 600 49’28” W) ( WILLIAMS 1965) and 493 km pitfall traps in operation for 600 days, and ca. northeast from the second record in Mato 340 days of active surveys, being more com - Grosso State (09°20’ S, 56°46’ W) ( SãO - monly registered (14 records) than the rare A. PEDRO et al. 2009). phyllorhinus (only a single record, on the last With the new record and updated geo - sampling day). All vouchered females of graphic distribution presented here, central green-colored Anolis were reviewed careful - southern Amazonia is emphasized as a rele - ly through external morphology analyses, but vant endemism region for A. phyllorhinus . none corresponded to A. phyllorhinus . Other species seem to share this distribution This new record extends the known pattern and are mainly distributed through - geographic range of A. phyllorhinus to the out this region, including: Tupinambis longi - All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 14 232 SHORT NOTE HERPETOZOA 31 (3/4) Wien, 28. Februar 2019 SHORT NOTE lineus ÁvILA -PIRES , 1995 ( RIBEIRO -J úNIOR & provided a scholarship to L. J. c. L. MORAES . Fer - AMARAL 2016), which was also recently re - nanda P. WERNEcK thanks financial support from cNPq (475559/2013-4), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do corded on the right bank of the Tapajós River Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM-062.00665/ 2015), (MORAES et al. 2017), Loxopholis osvaldoi Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (ÁvILA -PIRES , 1995) ( RIBEIRO -JúNIOR & from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and U.S. AMARAL 2017), Cercosaura anordosquama Agency of International Development (PEER NAS/ USAID PGA-2000005316), and L’Oréal-Unesco For STURARO , RODRIGUES , c OLLI , K NOWLES & Women in Science Program. ÁvILA -P IRES , 2018 and one undescribed REFERENcES: ÁvILA -P IRES , T. c. S. (1995) taxon of this genus ( RIBEIRO -J úNIOR & AMA- Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata).- RAL 2017), Rondonops xanthomystax cOLLI , Zoologische verhandelingen, Leiden; 299: 1-706.
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