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Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database

Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature

Zeitschrift/Journal: Herpetozoa

Jahr/Year: 2019

Band/Volume: 31_3_4

Autor(en)/Author(s): Moraes Leandro J. C. L., Werneck Fernanda P., Pavan Dante

Artikel/Article: New record and updated geographic distribution of phyllorhinus MYERS & CARVALHO, 1945 229-233 All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 11

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NER , F. (1938a): Die Amphibien und Reptilien Grie- Anolis phyllorhinus , the only pro - chenlands.- Zoologica, Stuttgart; 35: 1-116. WERNER , boscid anole endemic to Brazil, inhabits F. (1938b): Ergebnisse der achten Forschungsreise nach Griechenland.- Sitzungsberichte der Akademie forested areas of central Amazonia at the der Wissenschaften in Wien, mathematisch-naturwis - southern Amazonas River ( ÁvILA -P IRES senschaftliche Klasse, Wien; (Abt. 1) 147 (5-10): 151- 1995; RIBEIRO -J úNIOR 2015a), distributed 173. WWF (2014): conservation of the island from the right bank of the Madeira River to wetlands of Greece 2004-2013. Discovering the true value of Greek island wetlands. WWF Report March the left bank of the Tapajós River. This spe- 2014. Athinai, pp. 78. cies differs from the sympatric and morpho - KEY WORDS: Reptilia, Testudines: Geoemy- logically similar A. punctatus DAUDIN , didae: Mauremys rivulata ; : Sauria: Aga- 1802, besides the presence of the rostral midae: Stellagama stellio ; Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae: proboscis in males, by some meristic and Pellophylax kurtmuelleri ; population size, record local - ities, Tinos island, cyclades, Greece morphometric characters and different size and color pattern of the gular dewlap of SUBMITTED: May 26, 2018 males ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002). Despite the AUTHOR: Mario F. BROGGI < mario.broggi@ adon.li > ‒ St. Mamertenweg 35, 9495 Triesen, lengthy elapsed time since its description, Fürstentum Liechtenstein. there remains scarce information on the nat - ural history, ecology and overall distribution range of this rarely observed ( RODRI- GUES et al. 2002; PRATES et al. 2015), rea - sons that left the of the New record and updated geographic unevaluated by the IUcN Red List distribution of Anolis phyllorhinus of Threatened Species (IUcN 2018). Pri- MYERS & c ARvALHO , 1945 mary knowledge on the geographic range of A. phyllorhinus is based on one specimen from the type locality, in the lower Madeira The Anolis (sensu lato) com - River, Ama zonas State ( MYERS & cARvALHO prises a highly diverse group of arboreal 1945), and one specimen for Jacareacanga, from tropical and subtropical Amer- in the left bank of the upper Tapajós River ica ( ÁvILA -P IRES 1995; NIcHOLSON 2002), (WILLIAMS 1965). Almost 40 years later, with more than 400 known species ( UETZ & eight specimens, including the first known HOSEK 2018), including several recently de- female, were recorded in Aripuanã, Mato scribed (e.g., vELAScO & HURTADO -GOMES Grosso State ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002). In 2014; POE & RYAN 2017). Inside the South this same state, another four specimens of American clade Anolis (Dactyloa ), a group this lizard were recorded during a faunal of species is characterized by the presence rescue in the left bank of the Teles Pires of a large rostral proboscis in males ( WIL - River, a tributary of the Tapajós River ( SãO - LIAMS 1979). The overall understanding on PEDRO et al. 2009; R. N. FEIO , pers. comm.). causes and functions of such structure is still Aiming to improve this knowledge, here the incipient ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002), but recent authors present a new record for this lizard, studies indicate its use in social courtship, representing the 15th known vouchered spe- mating and agonistic interactions ( POE et al. cimen after 68 years of its description, being 2012; QUIROLA et al. 2017), as is known for the easternmost known locality of occur - other lizards, e.g., the Madagascan Furcifer rence and first located in the right bank of rhinoceratus (GRAY , 1843) or the Sri Lan- the Tapajós River, Pará State, Bra zil. kan Ceratophora tennentii GüNTHER , 1861. On 04 November 2013, one adult Three anole species share the possession of male (snout-vent length 81 mm) of A. phyl - a rostral proboscis: Anolis laevis cOPE , lorhinus was recorded inside a pitfall trap 1876, A. phyllorhinus MYERS & cARvALHO , (04°52’ S, 56°26’ W; municipality of 1945 and A. proboscis , PETERS & ORcéS , Trairão; Fig. 1) as part of a long-term survey 1956, however, they do not form a mono - for amphibians and in the middle phyletic group, as recent phylogenetic Tapajós River region, Pará State, Brazil frameworks evidenced that this character (MORAES et al. 2016). This pitfall trap was evolved independently in these lineages located ca. 1.5 kilometers in a straight line (PRATES et al. 2015). to the Jamanxim River, one of the main trib - All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 12

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Fig. 1: Adult male specimen of Anolis phyllorhinus MYERS & cARvALHO , 1945, recorded in the right bank of the middle Tapajós River, Pará State, Brazil (SvL 81.0 mm; INPA-H 39769), showing the characteristic rostral proboscis and reddish dewlap coloration.

utaries of the Tapajós River. The habitat is ited in the collection of Amphibians and dominated by primary Terra Firme forest Reptiles of the Instituto Nacional de Pesqui - (never flooded by large river annual pulses), sas da Amazônia (INPA-H) under the acces - with high trees, open understory and low sion number INPA-H 39769. anthropogenic influence (Fig. 2). The indi - The specimen was identified as A. vidual of A. phyllorhinus was found dead phyl lorhinus through examination of its inside the pitfall trap, collected under per - external morphology ( WILLIAMS 1979; mits #066/2012 provided by Instituto Bra - ÁvILA -PIRES 1995; RODRIGUES et al. 2002), sileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos since no other Brazilian lizard has this unique Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), and depos - combination of characters (comparisons with

Fig. 2: Photographs from vicinities of the new locality of occurrence for Anolis phyllorhynus MYERS & cAR - vALHO , 1945. A – Aerial view of the Jamanxim River and its forested banks; B – Primary Terra Firme forest. All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 13

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Fig. 3: Updated geographic distribution map of Anolis phyllorhinus MYERS & c ARvALHO , 1945, in South America (a) and Southern Amazonia (b), with an elevational background. Dots: literature records. 1 - Lower Madeira River, Amazonas State (type locality: MYERS & cARvALHO 1945); 2 - Aripuanã, Mato Grosso State ( RODRIGUES et al. 2002); 3 - Jacareacanga, Pará State ( WILLIAMS , 1965); 4 - Left bank of the Teles Pires River, Mato Grosso State (SãO -P EDRO et al. 2009). Square: new record. 5 - Right bank of the Jamanxim River, Pará State.

the sympatric and morphologically similar A. east, being the first locality of occurrence on punctatus are shown in parentheses): rostral the right bank of the Tapajós River (Fig. 3), proboscis in males present (absent), gular ca. 353 km southeast of the type locality in dewlap of males small, bright red, with the lower Madeira River, Amazonas State bluish-gray scales (large, color varying from (04°23’16” S, 59°35’38” W) ( MYERS & cAR- orange, yellow or white, with green-yellow - vALHO 1945), 685 km northeast from the ish or gray scales), anterior sublabial scales Aripuanã locality, Mato Grosso State (10° smooth and small (keeled and large), and 15’03” S, 59°32’57” W) ( RODRIGUES et al. number of post-rostral scales high [11] (low 2002), 211 km northeast from the Jacarea - [5-9]). Also, A. punctatus was observed dur - canga locality, in the left bank of the Ta- ing the ca. 940 days of sampling on both pajós River, Pará State (06°12’24” S, 57° banks of the middle Tapajós River, with 600 49’28” W) ( WILLIAMS 1965) and 493 km pitfall traps in operation for 600 days, and ca. northeast from the second record in Mato 340 days of active surveys, being more com - Grosso State (09°20’ S, 56°46’ W) ( SãO - monly registered (14 records) than the rare A. PEDRO et al. 2009). phyllorhinus (only a single record, on the last With the new record and updated geo - sampling day). All vouchered females of graphic distribution presented here, central green-colored Anolis were reviewed careful - southern Amazonia is emphasized as a rele - ly through external morphology analyses, but vant endemism region for A. phyllorhinus . none corresponded to A. phyllorhinus . Other species seem to share this distribution This new record extends the known pattern and are mainly distributed through - geographic range of A. phyllorhinus to the out this region, including: Tupinambis longi- All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 14

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lineus ÁvILA -PIRES , 1995 ( RIBEIRO -J úNIOR & provided a scholarship to L. J. c. L. MORAES . Fer- AMARAL 2016), which was also recently re- nanda P. WERNEcK thanks financial support from cNPq (475559/2013-4), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do corded on the right bank of the Tapajós River Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM-062.00665/ 2015), (MORAES et al. 2017), Loxopholis osvaldoi Partnerships for Enhanced Engagement in Research (ÁvILA -PIRES , 1995) ( RIBEIRO -JúNIOR & from the U.S. National Academy of Sciences and U.S. AMARAL 2017), Cercosaura anordosquama Agency of International Development (PEER NAS/ USAID PGA-2000005316), and L’Oréal-Unesco For STURARO , RODRIGUES , c OLLI , K NOWLES & Women in Science Program. ÁvILA -P IRES , 2018 and one undescribed REFERENcES: ÁvILA -P IRES , T. c. S. (1995) taxon of this genus ( RIBEIRO -J úNIOR & AMA- Lizards of Brazilian Amazonia (Reptilia: Squamata).- RAL 2017), Rondonops xanthomystax cOLLI , Zoologische verhandelingen, Leiden; 299: 1-706. HOOGMOED , c ANNATELLA , c ASSIMIRO , G O- AZEvEDO -R AMOS , c. & G ALATTI , U . (2002): Patterns of MES , G HELLERE , S ALES -N UNES , P ELLEGRINO , amphibian diversity in Brazilian Amazonia: conserva - tion implications.- Biological conservation, Barking; ALERNO ARQUES E OUZA ODRI S , M D S & R - 103 (1): 103-111. IUcN - INTERNATIONAL UNION FOR GUES , 2015, and Gonatodes tapajonicus RO - cONSERvATION OF NATURE AND NATURAL RESOURcES DRIGUES , 1980 (ÁvILA -PIRES 1995; RIBEIRO - (2018): The IUcN Red List of Threatened Species. JúNIOR 2015b). This region is characterized WWW database available at < http://www.iucnredlist. org/ > [last accessed: August 10, 2018]. MEIRI . S. & by the transition of two main geomorpho - BAUER , A. M. & A LLISON , A. & c ASTRO -H ERRERA , F. & logical compartments, the western sedimen - cHIRIO , L. & cOLLI , G. R. & DAS , I. & DOAN , T. M. & tary basin of the Solimões-Amazonas River GLAW , F. & GRISMER , L. L. & HOOGMOED , M. & KRAUS , and the eastern Bra zilian cratonic Shield, F. & LEBRETON , M. & MEIRTE , D. & NAGY , Z. T. & NOGUEIRA , c. c. & OLIvER , P. & PAUWELS , O. S. G. & which seems to affect the geographic distri - PINcHEIRA -D ONOSO , D. & SHEA , G. & SINDAcO , R. & bution of Amazonian biota ( MORAES et al. TALLOWIN , O. J. S. & TORRES -c ARvAJAL , O. & TRAPE , J- 2016) and may also have played a relevant F. & UETZ , P. & WAGNER , P. & WANG , Y. & ZIEGLER , T. role in the diversification of these lizards. & ROLL , U. (2018): Extinct, obscure or imaginary: The lizard species with the smallest ranges.-Diversity and Future biogeographic studies focusing on Distributions, Oxford, etc.; 24 (2): 262-273. MORAES , this issue can benefit by the choice of these L. J. c. L. & P AvAN , D. & B ARROS , M. c. & R IBAS , c. target taxa. c. (2016): The combined influence of riverine barriers Anoles are among the most prominent and flooding gradients on biogeographical patterns for amphibians and squamates in south-eastern Amazonia.- lizard groups known for restricted geo - Journal of Biogeography, Oxford; 43 (11): 2113-2124. graphic distributions ( MEIRI et al. 2018), a MORAES , L. J. c. L. & R IBEIRO -J úNIOR , M. A. & P AvAN , characteristic that makes the taxa particular - D. (2017): Tupinambis longilineus ÁvILA -P IRES , 1995 ly sensitive to environmental changes and (Squamata, Teiidae): revised distribution of a rare Amazonian species.- North-Western Journal of Zoolo - URvIS local ( P et al. 2000). The gy, Oradea; 13 (2): 364-368. MYERS , G. S. & c ARv- deficiency of herpetological surveys in the ALHO , A. L . (1945): A strange new leaf-nosed lizard of Amazon ( AZEvEDO -RAMOS & GALATTI the genus Anolis from Amazonia.- Boletim do Museu 2002; OLIvEIRA et al. 2016), high morpho - Nacional-Zoologia, Rio de Janeiro; 43: 1-14. NIcHOL- SON , K. E. (2002): Phylogenetic analysis and a test of logical similarity of females with A. puncta - the current infrageneric classification of Norops (beta tus (RODRIGUES et al. 2002), possible prefer - Anolis ).- Herpetological Monographs, Lawrence; 16: ence for canopy strata, or natural low abun - 93-120. OLIvEIRA , U. & P AGLIA , A. P. & B REScOvIT , A. dances throughout the restricted range D. & c ARvALHO , c. J. B. & S ILvA , D. P. & R EZENDE , D. T. & L EITE , F. S. F. & B ATISTA , J. A. N. & B ARBOSA , J. EIRI (M et al. 2018), may be among the caus - P. P. P. & S TEHMANN , J. R. & A ScHER , J. S. & v AS - es of the scarcity of data on the overall geo - cONcELOS , M. F. & M ARcO Jr ., P. & N ETO , P. L. & D IAS , graphic distribution range of A. phyllorhi - P. G. & F ERRO , v. G. & S ANTOS , A. J. (2016): The strong nus . However, the continuously intensifica - influence of collection bias on biodiversity knowledge shortfalls of Brazilian terrestrial biodiversity.- Diversity tion of inventories in Amazonian remote and Distributions, Oxford, etc.; 22 (12): 1232-1244. areas may provide new localities of occur - POE , S. & A YALA , F. & L ATELLA , I. M. & K ENNEDY , T. L. rence, helping to clarify its entire range and & c HRISTENSEN , J. A. & G RAY , L. N. & B LEA , N. J. & conservation status. ARMIJO , B. M. & S cHAAD , E. W. (2012): Morphology, phylogeny, and behavior of Anolis proboscis .- Breviora, AcKNOWLEDGMENTS: The authors thank cambridge; 530, 1-11. POE , S. & R YAN M. J. (2017): L. F. STORTI , J. cASSIMIRO , J. O. GOMES , M. HOFFMAN , Description of two new species similar to Anolis insig - T. F. D. RODRIGUES , J. M. B. GHELERE , A. B. BARROS nis (Squamata: Iguanidae) and resurrection of Anolis and E. S. BRITO for help in sampling and cNEc Worley (Diaphoranolis ) brooksi .- Amphibian & con- Parsons Engenharia S. A. (São Paulo), for financial and servation, Berkeley; 11 (2): 1-16. PRATES , I. & R ODRI - logistical support. The conselho Nacional de Desen- GUES , M. T. & M ELO -S AMPAIO , P. R. & c ARNAvAL , A. c. volvimento científico e Tecnológico (cNPq, Brazil) (2015): Phylogenetic relationships of Amazonian anole All_Short_Notes:SHORT_NOTE.qxd 12.02.2019 14:35 Seite 15

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lizards ( Dactyloa ): Taxonomic implications, new Distribution of Vipera renardi insights about phenotypic evolution and the timing of diversification.- Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolu - renardi (cHRISTOPH , 1861), in the tion, Barking; 82: 258-268. PURvIS , A. & G ITTLEMAN , Saratov region, Russian Federation G. L. & c OWLINSHAW , G. & M AcE , G. M. (2000): Predicting risk in declining species.- Pro - ceedings of the Royal Society of London, London; (Ser. The Steppe viper, Vipera renardi re - B) 267 (1456): 1947-1952. QUIROLA , D. R. & M ÁRMOL , A. & T ORRES -c ARvAJAL , O. & N ARvAEZ , A. E. & A YALA - nardi (cHRISTOPH , 1861), is widespread in vARELA , F. & M OORE , I. T. (2017): Use of a rostral southeast European Russia ( ANANJEvA et appendage during social interactions in the Ecuadorian al. 2004). Distribution limits of the species Anolis proboscis .- Journal of Natural History, London; are well known in general, whereas infor - 51 (27-28): 1625-1638. RIBEIRO -J úNIOR , M. A . (2015a): catalogue of distribution of lizards (Reptilia: mation on local populations scattered with - Squamata) from the Brazilian Amazonia. I. Dactyloi- in marginal areas of the range is insuffi - dae, Hoplocercidae, Iguanidae, Leiosauridae, Polychro - cient. This situation applies to the northern tidae, Tropiduridae.- Zootaxa, Auckland; 3983: 1-110. range area and the Saratov region in partic - RIBEIRO -J úNIOR , M. A. (2015b): catalogue of distribu - tion of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian ular, on which the present note is focused. Amazonia. II. Gekkonidae, Phyllodactylidae, Sphaero - The authors’ analysis of confinement dactylidae.- Zootaxa, Auckland; 3981: 1-55. RIBEIRO - to certain biotopes and abundance of V. r . JúNIOR , M. A. & A MARAL , S. (2016): catalogue of dis - tribution of lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the renardi was based on field data collected in Brazilian Amazonia. III. Anguidae, Scincidae, Teiidae.- the spring and summer months of 2002 − Zootaxa, Auckland; 4205: 401-430. RIBEIRO -J úNIOR , M. 2016. The population density of V. r. renar - A. & A MARAL , S. (2017): catalogue of distribution of di was estimated by counts on trial plots and lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Brazilian HLYAKHTIN OLIKOvA Amazonia. Iv. Alopoglossidae, Gymnophthalmidae.- along routes ( S & G Zootaxa, Auckland; 4269: 151-196. RODRIGUES , M. T. 1986). In addition, collection materials of & X AvIER , v. & S KUK , G. & P AvAN , D. (2002): New the Zoological Museum of the Saratov State specimens of Anolis phyllorhinus (Squamata, Poly - University (ZM SSU) were examined. chrotidae): the first female of the species and of pro - boscid anoles.- Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, São Paulo; In the 19th century, V. r. renardi in - 42 (16), 363-380. SãO -P EDRO , v. A. & c OSTA , H. c. & habited most of the open steppe biotopes of FEIO , R. N. (2009): A herpetofauna do AHE Dardanelos, today’s Saratov region (Saratowskaja ob - Aripuanã, Mato Grosso. viçosa (UFv - Universidade last − Саратовская область ); at that time Federal de viçosa), pp. 40. UETZ P. & H OšEK J. (2017): The . WWW online database available findings of the species in both the right at < http://www.reptile-database.org > [last accessed: bank area of the volga River and the Trans- July 10, 2018]. vELAScO , J. A. & H URTADO -G óMEZ , J. volga region were quite common ( NIKOL - P. (2014): A new green anole lizard of the “ Dactyloa ” SKY 1916). This situation persisted until clade (Squamata: ) from the Magdalena river valley of colombia.- Zootaxa, Auckland; 3785 (2): the first half of the 20th century. During 201-216. WILLIAMS , E. E. (1965): South American the 1960s – 1980s, the V. r. renardi popula - Anolis (Sauria, Iguanidae): two new species of the tion of the Saratov region declined signifi - punctatus group.- Breviora, cambridge; 233: 1-15. cantly. The viper disappeared from most WILLIAMS , E. E. (1979): South American anoles: the species groups. 2. The proboscis anoles ( Anolis laevis administrative districts of the Saratov group).- Breviora, cambridge; 449: 1-19. region and retreated to some isolated areas. However, it remained relatively common KEY WORDS: Reptilia: Squamata: Dactyloi- dae: Anolis phyllorhinus , proboscid anoles, new record in the extreme south of the Saratov Trans- locality, Amazonia, Tapajós River, Pará State, Brazil volga region and in the extreme south-east of the Saratov right bank area of the volga SUBMITTED: February 30, 2018 River. A similar decline took place in the AUTHORS: Leandro J. c. L. MORAES (cor- adjacent volgograd region, where the num - responding author < [email protected] >) 1, 2) , ber of specimens was seven to 15 individ - Fernanda P. WERNEcK 3) & Dante PAvAN 2) uals/ha in the summer months of the 1960s, 1) Programa de capacitação Institucional, and one to two individuals/10 km along a Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, line transect in 1986 ( KUBANTSEv & KOLI- AM, Brazil. AKIN 1989). The main causes of the drop in 2) Ecosfera consultoria e Pesquisa em Meio Ambiente Ltda., São Paulo, SP, Brazil. abundance of V. r. renardi were the plow - 3) Programa de coleções científicas Biológicas, ing of vast pristine land areas and also the coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de intense development of cattle breeding Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, AM, Brazil. (SHLYAKHTIN et al. 2006).