DOCSLIB.ORG

Decapoda: Anomura)，Based on Partial Sequences of the Mitochondrial16s Rrna Gene，With Comments on Morphology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Decapoda: Anomura)，Based on Partial Sequences of the Mitochondrial16s Rrna Gene，With Comments on Morphology Biology ofA nomuraII (A .Asa kura，e d. )，C rustac ean Resea rch，S pec ial N umber6: 15 1-166，2006 Phylogenetic relationships among western Atlantic Porcellanidae (Decapoda: Anomura)，based on partial sequences of the mitochondrial16S rRNA gene，with comments on morphology Irene Teresa Rodriguez，Gonzalo Hernandez and Darryl L. Felder Abstract.-We obtained 47 partial sequences as porcelain crabs. The family is considered of the mitochondrial16S rRNA gene for 20 west- awell-defined taxon within the superfamily ern Atlantic，three amphi-American，and two Galatheoidea Samouelle，1819 (Haig，1960) eastern Pacific species of porcellanids，grouped Other members ofthe superfamily are Aeglidae into eight genera.Neighbor Joining，Maximum Dana，1852 ，Chirost ylidae Ortmann，1892 ，and Parsimony，Maximum Li kelihood，and Bayesian Galatheidae Samouelle，1819 (Maロin & Davis， Analysis were the methods used to infer phy- 2001). logenetic relationships between and within the Porcelain crabs occur worldwide，primar- genera. The family is divided into two main ily in intertidal and sublittoral zones of tropi- clades，one with POかonyx and Porcellana，and cal and subtropical regions where they occupy the other with the remaining six genera treated here.Larval ，sperm ，and spermatophore mor- habitats such as depressions under stones， phology largely support this obvious dichotomy. spaces in worm tubes，cavities of sponges，and Species of Clastotoechus were grouped closely excavations in coral reefs (Haig，1960; Gore， together，which raises questions regarding the 1972，1982 ;Harvey ，1999; Hernandez，1999; validity of the monotypic genus Madarateuchus Werding etal. ，2003). Most species are free- recently proposed for Clastotoechus vanderhorsti. living ，but afew live commensally (Haig，1960 ; Intrageneric divergence in Megalobrachium Werding，1977 ，1983b; Baeza & Thiel ，2000 ; suggests the possible need for resurrection of Baeza eta l. ，2001). Porcellanids are primarily Porcellanopsis. Megalobrachium soriatum ap- filter feeders and use their highly specialized pears to contain acryptic species. Neopisosoma is setose third maxillipeds to extract minute food supported as agenus distinct from Pachycheles， particles of plankton and detritus 企omthe wa- which contained two independent lineages. ter.They can also take advantage of accumu- Petrolisthes is resolved into two clades，as sup- lated detritus by direct deposit feeding (Kropp， ported by previous morphological and molecular 1981). Their feeding habits allow them to evidence. In one clade Petrolisthes violaceus is ， occupy awide variety of habitats .Within the closely related to P. tridentatus，P. quadratus，P. family，Parap etroli sth estortug ensis (Glassell ， lewisi，and P. magdalenensis. The second clade contains three lineages: one with Petrolisthes ar- 1945) is unique in the shape of the fingers matus，P. marginatus，and P. politus as asubclade; and the third maxillipeds.Fingers are deeply another with P. rosariensis as an independent grooved along cutting edges，spooned and trun- lineage; and lastly the Petrolisthes galathinus- cate at tips (Haig，1962) .The filter setae of the complex，with P. caribensis，P. galathinus (with third maxillipeds are short and scarce ，with a cryptic species) ，and Parapetrolisthes tortugensis. brush-like setation on the dactylus that seems an adaptation to scraping material from the sub- strate (Kraus etal. ，2001). These features are INTRODUCTION shared with the galatheids and could represent Porcellanidae Haworth，1825 ，is afamily homologous，ancestral characters (Kraus etal. ， of anomuran crustaceans commonly known 2001) or convergent adaptations to their feed- ρ 7 T P H i し n o u ρV 152 - - U J u L G u u b I l r ing habits. The genus P etrolist hes Stimpson，1858 ，is Most porcellanids hatch as aprezoea and the largest in the family，containing over 100 molt through only two subsequent zoeal stages species. Based on aqualitative examination and one megalopal stage (postlarva or decapo- of morphological characters，several natural dite) .The reduced number of zoeal stages is groups，including two large groups，have been an abbreviated scheme of development，usu- distinguished. One large group consists of spe- ally considered as phylogenetically advanced， cies that have teeth or spines on the anterior in which the larval history is foreshortened in margin of the carpus of chelipeds，one or two comparison to related taxa，both in number of posterodistal spines on the merus of walk- instars and the duration of each (Gore，1985) . ing leg 1，and epibranchial ，supraorbital ，or This can result in areduced period of plank- other spines on the carapace.The other large tonic life in which larval dispersal is potentially group consists of species in which the ca叩us very limited . of the chelipeds is not armed with teeth or Porcellanids number nearly 280 species spines and spines are lacking on the carapace partitioned among 30 genera. Near1 yhalf of and walking legs (Haig，1960). The genus the species in this family have been recorded Pachycheles Stimpson，1858 ，is the second in the Americas (Gore，1982; Werding et al. ， most speciose of the family and includes over 2003). Seven species are reported to oc- 40 species (Rodriguez et al. ，2004). This ge- cur on both East and West American coasts: nus is aheterogeneous assemblage of species， Pachycheles chacei Haig，1956 ，P .monil 件r some of them previously assigned to Pisosoma (Dana，1852) ，Petrolisthes armatus (Gibbes， Stimpson，1858 ，which is currently considered 1850)，P. galathinus (Bosc，1802) ，P .robsonae asynonym of Pachycheles (Haig，1960). Glassell ，1945 ，P. tonsorius Haig，1960 ，and P. Two previous molecular-based studies of tridentatus Stimpson，1858 (Haig，1956 ，1960; Porcellanidae have been published. A mo・ Gore & Abele，1973; Scelzo，1982 ;Abele & lecular phylogeny of eastern Pacific genera Kim，1989; Rodriguez etal. ，2005). Forty- Petrolisthes and Pachycheles was based on mi- eight valid species and two undescribed species tochondrial 16S rRNA gene (Stillman & Reeb， grouped into eleven genera occur in the westem 2001) and included afew sequences of Atlantic Atlantic (Rodriguez et al .，2005). specimens for amphi-American species of Phylogenetic relationships of porcellanids P etrolis thes. In this study，the subdivision of are poorly understood. Porcellanid genera Petrolisthes into two main clades supported ear- have long warranted revision on aworldwide lier division based on morphological characters basis にhace，1942; Haig，1956 ，1960; Werding (Haig，1960). One of these clades containted et α1.，2001; Rodriguez et al .，2005) . ln the only species possesing regular serrate spines ， last 50 years，the number of described porcel- and the other clade contained species that are lanid species in the western Atlantic increased smooth or irregularly decorated (“ spiny"and from 31 to 48 with the addition of newly col- “smooth" species，respectively ，se nsu Stillman lected and described cryptic species (Werding and Reeb，2001). A second molecular study & Hiller，2002; Rodriguez etal. ，2005). The used partial sequences of the mitochondrial family includes three widely distributed and COI gene to infer phylogenetic relationships morphologically variable species complexes， between two species of the genus Neopisosoma Petrolisthes armatus，P. galathinus ，and P. Haig，1960 (Werding etal. ，2001). It was sug- tridentatus; and their taxonomic status remains gested that Neopisosoma should not be treated unclear (Werding et al. ，2003; Rodriguez et al. ， as separate from Pachycheles ，because it was 2005). found to be paraphyletic. However，a limited Morphological and molecular studies can number of taxa have been studied to date，and facilitate understanding of systematic and phy- the status of Neopisosoma remains unclear logenetic relationships within the Porcellanidae. (Rodriguez etal. ，2004 ，2005). Phylogeny of westem Atlantic Porcellanidae 153 In the present study，partial sequences of obtain apelle t. The pellet was washed in 20μ1 the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene were used to 70% ethanol ，centrifuged at 14，000 rpm for 1 elucidate phylogenetic relationships within the min，and Iyophilized in aONAIIO SpeedVac Porcellanidae in the westem Atlantic in order (TherrnoSavant) at high drying rate for 30 min. to provide insights into classification ，detect Genomic ONAwas re-suspended in 10 -50μl cryptic species，and gain knowledge of phylo- of 10X TE Buffer (1 mMEOTA ，10 mMTris ， geographic pa口ems in this family. pH 7.5) or ddHpand stored at -20 oC. DNAamplification. - Amplification of a- 545 basepair product from the mitochon- MATERIALS AND ETHODS 九' 1 drial 16S rRNA gene was carried out by a Sample coIl ection and depositories polymerase・chain-reaction (PCR) using two Most porcelain crabs were collected in forward primers，16Sar (5'-CGCCTGTTTAT coastal Florida (J uly 2000，July -August 2001)， CAAAAACA下3') (Palumbi etal. ，1991) and along the coasts of Louisiana (June 2001)，and 16L2 (5'-TGCCTGTTTATCAAAAACAT・3') Texas (September 2001)，U.S.A.; from Veracruz (Schubart etal. ，2002) ，and the reverse primer to Quintana Roo，Mexico (J uly 2002); in Belize 1472 (デー AGATAGAAACCAACCTGG-3') (October 2002); in the vicinity of La Tortuga， (Crandall & Fitzpatrick，1996). The PCR mix Margarita，and Cubagua Islands，Venezuela for each sample contained 6.7μ1 ddHP，3.0μl (March-June 1996，April -June，2001); and on 10 X PCR buffer，3.0μ1 MgCI2(25 mM)，5.0 the Paci白c coast ofNicaragua (September 2000， μ1 Betaine (5 M)，4.0μ1 dNTP's (1.25 mM)， November 2001). For each species，one speci- 0.5μ1 of each forward primer (20μM)，I.Oμl men per locality was used in the analyses，as of reverse primer (20μM)，0.5μ1 AmpliTaq listed in Table 1.AII specimens were preserved Gold骨 (5 U /μ1 ) ，and 1. 0μ1 ONAtemplate (-20 in 70-95% ethano l. Genetic vouchers were de- ng/μ1 ) .The PCR profile was 42 cycles (de- posited in the Zoological Collection，University naturing at 940 C I1 min，annealing at 480 C I1 of Louisiana at Lafayette，Louisiana ，U .S.A. min，and extension at 72 0 C I1 :30 min). Four (ULLZ). Some previously archived mater卜 μ1 of PCR products underwent electrophoresis als from ULLZ and the Coleccion Nacional de on a 1.5 % agarose gel and were visualized Crustaceos，Instituto de Biologia，Universidad with ethidium bromide staining.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Carcinization in the Anomura–Fact Or Fiction? II. Evidence from Larval
    Contributions to Zoology, 73 (3) 165-205 (2004) SPB Academic Publishing bv, The Hague Carcinization in the Anomura - fact or fiction? II. Evidence from larval, megalopal and early juvenile morphology Patsy+A. McLaughlin Rafael Lemaitre² & Christopher+C. Tudge² ¹, 1 Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University, 1900 Shannon Point Road, Anacortes, 2 Washington 98221-908IB, U.S.A; Department ofSystematic Biology, NationalMuseum ofNatural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, U.S.A. Keywords: Carcinization, Anomura, Paguroidea, Lithodidae, Paguridae, Lomisidae, Porcellanidae, larval, megalopal and early juvenile morphology, pleonal tergites Abstract Existing hypotheses 169 Developmental data 170 Results 177 In this second carcinization in the Anomura ofa two-part series, From hermit to king, or king to hermit? 179 has been reviewed from early juvenile, megalopal, and larval Analysis by Richter & Scholtz 179 perspectives. Data from megalopal and early juvenile develop- Questions of asymmetry- 180 ment in ten ofthe Lithodidae have genera provided unequivo- Pleopod loss and gain 18! cal evidence that earlier hypotheses regarding evolution ofthe Uropod loss and transformation 182 king crab erroneous. of and pleon were A pattern sundering, - Polarity or what constitutes a primitive character decalcification has been traced from the megalopal stage through state? 182 several early crabs stages in species ofLithodes and Paralomis, Semaphoronts 184 with evidence from in other supplemental species eight genera. Megalopa/early juvenile characters and character Of major significance has been the attention directed to the states 185 inmarginallithodidsplatesareofnotthehomologoussecond pleomere,with thewhichadult whenso-calledseparated“mar- Cladistic analyses 189 Lomisoidea 192 ginal plates” ofthe three megalopal following tergites.
    [Show full text]
  • Stimulation of Filter Feeding by Amino Acids in Three Porcelain Crab Species: Petrolisthes Cinctipes, Petrolisthes Eriomerus, and Pachycheles Rudis
    Stimulation of filter feeding by amino acids in three porcelain crab species: Petrolisthes cinctipes, Petrolisthes eriomerus, and Pachycheles rudis Sarah Green Exploratory 2, Adaptations ofMarine Mammals, Prof. Charlie Hunter Oregon Institute ofMarine Biology, University of Oregon, Charleston, Oregon 97420 Introduction Petrolisthes cinctipes, a species ofporcelain crab, is commonly found in the higher to mid-intertidal zones ofthe rocky shores ofOregon (Wicksten, 1973). Petrolisthes eriomerus and Pachycheles rudis, the other two species ofporcelain crab found on the Oregon coast can be found in the low intertidal zone. All three species can be found under rocks and among mussels in mussel beds (Sept, 1999). The three species ofporcelain crab filter feed, fanning plankton and detritus (Petrolisthes cinctipes and Pachycheles rudis) from the water, or pelagic diatoms, benthic diatoms, and green algal filaments from the water (Petrolisthes eriomerus) (MagGinite, 1937; Wicksten, 1973). The mechanics offilter feeding in porcelain crabs has been thoroughly documented by Wicksten (1973). Food particles can be trapped by alternately flexing the endopodites ofthe third maxillapeds. The food particles are then removed from the setae on the third maxillapeds by the setose ends ofthe second maxillapeds. Food particles are then selected and sorted by the inner mouth parts. Little research has been reported on compounds promoting feeding behavior in porcelain crabs. L-tyrosine has been shown to elicit a feeding response in Petrolisthes cinctipes, as have other amino acids. As there are no particles in the water when testing an amino acid, chemoreception ofsmall compounds must stimulate the feeding response (Hartman et aI., 1977). I hypothesize that the stimulation ofthe feeding response in Petrolisthes cinctipes, Petrolisthes eriomerus, and Pachycheles rudis will differ in response to various amino acids because ofthe their location in the intertidal.
    [Show full text]
  • Hiller & Lessios 2017
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Phylogeography of Petrolisthes armatus, an invasive species with low dispersal ability Received: 20 February 2017 Alexandra Hiller & Harilaos A. Lessios Accepted: 27 April 2017 Theoretically, species with high population structure are likely to expand their range, because marginal Published: xx xx xxxx populations are free to adapt to local conditions; however, meta-analyses have found a negative relation between structure and invasiveness. The crab Petrolisthes armatus has a wide native range, which has expanded in the last three decades. We sequenced 1718 bp of mitochondrial DNA from native and recently established populations to determine the population structure of the former and the origin of the latter. There was phylogenetic separation between Atlantic and eastern Pacific populations, and between east and west Atlantic ones. Haplotypes on the coast of Florida and newly established populations in Georgia and South Carolina belong to a different clade from those from Yucatán to Brazil, though a few haplotypes are shared. In the Pacific, populations from Colombia and Ecuador are highly divergent from those from Panamá and the Sea of Cortez. In general, populations were separated hundreds to million years ago with little subsequent gene flow. High genetic diversity in the newly established populations shows that they were founded by many individuals. Range expansion appears to have been limited by low dispersal rather than lack of ability of marginal populations to adapt to extreme conditions. The population-genetic constitution of marine invasive species in their native range is increasingly being stud- ied in efforts to determine the source of invasions into new areas (reviews in refs 1–5).
    [Show full text]
  • New Records of Epibionts from Loggerhead Sea Turtles Caretta Caretla (L.)
    BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE. 70(31: 953-956.2002 NEW RECORDS OF EPIBIONTS FROM LOGGERHEAD SEA TURTLES CARETTA CARETLA (L.) Michael G. Frick, Kristina L. Williams and David C. Veljacic Epibiosis is a highly valuable strategy for the survival of small, sedentary and sessile organisms living in the estuarine environment, where sandy and muddy bottom habitats are common and hard substrata are generally scarce (Olabama, 2000). Since loggerhead sea turtles, Caretta caretta (L.), frequently occupy estuarine habitats adjacent to rookery beaches in between nesting events, a variety of non-obligate estuarine forms occur as epibionts on nesting turtles (Frazier et al., 1985; Dodd, 1988; Frazier et al., 1991, 1992; Frick et al., 1998, 2000a,b). We sampled a total of 99 loggerheads nesting on Wassaw Island (3 1'53 'N, 80'50 W) and Jekyll Island (3 1 O4N, 8 1'25 'W), Georgia for epibionts during the 1998 and 2000 nesting seasons from May-August using protocols outlined in Frick et al, (1998). Here, we document the occurrence of five previously unreported epibiont species from C. caretta (Table 1). The newly documented epibiont species reported in this study are also commonly ob- served within the coastal region of Georgia as free-living forms or as commensals of other estuarine residents. Thus, the associations presented herein do not appear to be obligate. However, since little is known of the life history of these epibiotic species when occumng in Georgia and nothing is known of their life history as epibionts of C. caretta, several characteristics of the newly reported epibiota are worthy of discussion.
    [Show full text]
  • 109 Annotated Checklist Of
    THE RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 2010 Supplement No. 23: 109–129 Date of Publication: 31 Oct.2010 © National University of Singapore ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF ANOMURAN DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS OF THE WORLD (EXCLUSIVE OF THE KIWAOIDEA AND FAMILIES CHIROSTYLIDAE AND GALATHEIDAE OF THE GALATHEOIDEA) PART II – PORCELLANIDAE Masayuki Osawa Research Center for Coastal Lagoon and Environments, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan Email: [email protected] Patsy A. McLaughlin Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University, 1900 Shannon Point Road, Anacortes, WA 98221-4042, USA Email: hermit@fi dalgo.net INTRODUCTION Porcellanidae Haworth, 1825 = Porcellaniens H. Milne Edwards, 1837 Ng et al. (2008) and McLaughlin et al. (this volume) referred = Porcellaniadae Randall, 1840 to the “windows” to the literature and the “springboards” for = Porcellanodea Henderson 1888 associating species with their scientifi c names that provided = Porcellainea Holmes, 1900 the foundations for subsequent brachyuran, paguroid and lithodoid research. For the porcellanids, one treatise in particular has provided a similar base upon which virtually all DESCRIPTIVE TERMS AND CURRENT STATUS subsequent porcellanid reports have been patterned. Despite its regional focus, Haig’s (1960) monograph of eastern General morphology. – The general body shape is crab- Pacifi c species included 87 of the 225 species estimated to like and the carapace is well calcifi ed. Regions of the dorsal be present worldwide at the time (Chace, 1951). During the integument are not usually well defi ned. The anterior margin last half century the number of genera has increased from of the carapace is produced into a short rostrum or rostral 14 prior to Haig’s (1960) monograph to 30 and the number lobe.
    [Show full text]
  • The Petrolisthes Galathinus Complex
    Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 40 (2006) 547–569 www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev The Petrolisthes galathinus complex: Species boundaries based on color pattern, morphology and molecules, and evolutionary interrelationships between this complex and other Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) Alexandra Hiller ¤, Holger Kraus, Marc Almon, Bernd Werding Department of Animal Ecology and Systematic Zoology, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-BuV-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany Received 27 July 2005; revised 17 March 2006; accepted 17 March 2006 Available online 25 April 2006 Abstract While the amphi-American porcellanid crab Petrolistes galathinus has been traditionally viewed as a highly variable species containing several diVerent color forms, we consider it to be a complex of at least 6 morphologically similar species with similar ecological require- ments, but diagnosable through coloration. Here we surveyed sequence variation of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, compared the morphology of adults and of the Wrst larval stage (Zoea I), and explored shape variation of the sternal plate using geometric morphomet- ric methods, to investigate boundaries among the species in the complex, and to conWrm the validity of color and color pattern for distin- guishing them. Sequences and larval morphological characters of other porcellanids were included to investigate the correspondence between genetic divergence and morphology of adults and larvae. The molecular and morphometric results support the validity of the species in the complex, and of color pattern for their distinction. The close relationship between the complex and the putative ancenstral porcellanid Parapetrolisthes tortugensis was indicated by the molecular and larval-morphology results. The adult morphology of this spe- cies is interpreted as a result of convergent evolution driven by a relatively rapid ecological adaptation to conditions in deeper waters.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Become a Crab: Phenotypic Constraints on a Recurring Body Plan
    Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted: 25 December 2020 doi:10.20944/preprints202012.0664.v1 How to become a crab: Phenotypic constraints on a recurring body plan Joanna M. Wolfe1*, Javier Luque1,2,3, Heather D. Bracken-Grissom4 1 Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic & Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 2 Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa–Ancon, 0843–03092, Panama, Panama 3 Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8109, USA 4 Institute of Environment and Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, 3000 NE 151 Street, North Miami, FL 33181, USA * E-mail: [email protected] Summary: A fundamental question in biology is whether phenotypes can be predicted by ecological or genomic rules. For over 140 years, convergent evolution of the crab-like body plan (with a wide and flattened shape, and a bent abdomen) at least five times in decapod crustaceans has been known as ‘carcinization’. The repeated loss of this body plan has been identified as ‘decarcinization’. We offer phylogenetic strategies to include poorly known groups, and direct evidence from fossils, that will resolve the pattern of crab evolution and the degree of phenotypic variation within crabs. Proposed ecological advantages of the crab body are summarized into a hypothesis of phenotypic integration suggesting correlated evolution of the carapace shape and abdomen. Our premise provides fertile ground for future studies of the genomic and developmental basis, and the predictability, of the crab-like body form. Keywords: Crustacea, Anomura, Brachyura, Carcinization, Phylogeny, Convergent evolution, Morphological integration 1 © 2020 by the author(s).
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparative Analysis of Morphological, Physiological, And
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Jonathon Harris Stillman for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology presented on December 4, 1998. Title: A Comparative Analysis of Morphological, Physiological, and Biochemical Adaptation to Abiotic Stress in Intertidal Porcelain Crabs, Genus Petrolisthes. Redacted for Privacy Abstract approved: George N. Somero Organismal tolerance to abiotic environmental stresses contributes significantly to setting the distribution limits of organisms, as demonstrated by vertical zonation patterns in the marine intertidal zone. In this thesis, the ultimate (evolutionary) and proximate (mechanistic) causes of tolerance to temperature and emersion stresses associated with the intertidal zone were examined using porcelain crabs, genus Petrolisthes. Species of Petrolisthes from intertidal and subtidal microhabitats of four biogeographic regions of the Eastern Pacific were used in phylogenetically-based comparative analyses of morphological, physiological, and biochemical adaptation to environmental stress. A phylogenetic tree based on the sequence of the 16sRNA gene was developed to facilitate these analyses. Organismal thermal tolerance limits are adapted to match maximal microhabitat temperatures. Acclimation of thermal tolerance limits suggests that temperate intertidal zone species are living close to their thermal maximum in nature. Respiratory responses to emersion vary among species from different vertical zones. Experimental examination of oxygen consumption rates and lactate accumulation during emersion suggests that intertidal species are able to respire in air using thin membranous regions on the ventral meral segments of their legs (leg membranes). Leg membrane size is positively correlated with body size across species, but not within a single species. Evolutionary analyses indicate that leg membranes may not have evolved for purposes of aerial respiration, but their presence may have allowed intertidal and subtidal species to achieve larger body sizes and higher metabolic rates.
    [Show full text]
  • Autotomy in Porcelain Crabs Is an Effective Escape Mechanism from Rockfish Predation Matthew L
    Marine Ecology. ISSN 0173-9565 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Autotomy in porcelain crabs is an effective escape mechanism from rockfish predation Matthew L. Knope1 & Ralph J. Larson2 1 Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 2 Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA Keywords Abstract Anti-predatory behavior; crabs; natural selection; porcellanidae; rockfish; sebastes. Porcelain crabs possess a ‘hair-trigger’ propensity to autotomize their chelipeds (claws), and laboratory studies have demonstrated that this ability is highly Correspondence effective in avoiding predation from other crabs. However, porcelain crabs are Matthew L. Knope, Department of also subject to predation from fishes, which use a very different means of cap- Geological and Environmental Sciences, ture. In this study, we investigated whether autotomy in porcelain crabs is also Stanford University, 385 Serra Mall, Stanford, effective against predation by fishes. To do this, we examined stomach-contents CA 94305, USA. data from four common species of kelp-forest rockfishes and determined the E-mail: [email protected] frequency of disassociated chelipeds (those with no associated bodies) in porce- Accepted: 8 August 2013 lain crabs and in brachyuran crabs, which do not readily autotomize their chelipeds. We found that disassociated chelipeds of porcelain crabs were six doi: 10.1111/maec.12103 times as common as those of brachyuran crabs (35% of the remains of all por- celain crabs versus 6% of the remains of all brachyuran crabs). We interpret this difference to be evidence that, through autotomy, porcelain crabs escaped ingestion of their entire bodies, and thus certain mortality, at a higher rate than did brachyuran crabs.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis of the Paguristes Tortugae Schmitt, 1933 Complex and Selected Other Paguroidea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura)
    Zootaxa 4999 (4): 301–324 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2021 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4999.4.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ACA6BED4-7897-4F95-8FC8-58AC771E172A Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 complex and selected other Paguroidea (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) CATHERINE W. CRAIG1* & DARRYL L. FELDER1 1Department of Biology and Laboratory for Crustacean Research, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, P.O. Box 42451, Lafayette, Louisiana, 70504–2451, [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7679-7712 *Corresponding author. [email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3479-2654 Abstract Morphological characters, as presently applied to describe members of the Paguristes tortugae Schmitt, 1933 species complex, appear to be of limited value in inferring phylogenetic relationships within the genus, and may have similarly misinformed understanding of relationships between members of this complex and those presently assigned to the related genera Areopaguristes Rahayu & McLaughlin, 2010 and Pseudopaguristes McLaughlin, 2002. Previously undocumented observations of similarities and differences in color patterns among populations additionally suggest genetic divergences within some species, or alternatively seem to support phylogenetic groupings of some species. In the present study, a Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis was undertaken based on the H3, 12S mtDNA, and 16S mtDNA sequences of 148 individuals, primarily representatives of paguroid species from the western Atlantic. This molecular analysis supported a polyphyletic Diogenidae Ortmann, 1892, although incomplete taxonomic sampling among the genera of Diogenidae limits the utility of this finding for resolving family level relationships.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Petrolisthes Armatus</I>
    Clemson University TigerPrints Publications Biological Sciences 10-2017 Reproductive performance of the marine green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus Gibbes, 1850 in its introduced range favors further range expansion Ann Wassick College of Charleston J. Antonio Baeza Clemson University, [email protected] Amy Fowler George Mason University Dara Wilber College of Charleston Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/bio_pubs Part of the Biology Commons Recommended Citation Please use the publisher's recommended citation. http://www.aquaticinvasions.net/index.html This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Aquatic Invasions (2017) Volume 12, Issue 4: 469–485 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3391/ai.2017.12.4.05 Open Access © 2017 The Author(s). Journal compilation © 2017 REABIC Research Article Reproductive performance of the marine green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus Gibbes, 1850 in its introduced range favors further range expansion Ann Wassick1,*, J. Antonio Baeza2,3,4, Amy Fowler5,6 and Dara Wilber1 1Grice Marine Laboratory, College of Charleston, 205 Ft. Johnson Road, Charleston, South Carolina, 29412 USA 2Department of Biological Sciences, 132 Long Hall, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634 USA 3Smithsonian Marine Station at Fort Pierce, 701 Seaway Drive, Fort Pierce, Florida 34949 USA 4Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile 5Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, 400 University Drive, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA 6Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, 647 Contees Wharf Road, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA *Corresponding author E-mail: [email protected] Received: Received: 21 February 2017 / Accepted: 1 August 2017 / Published online: 6 October 2017 Handling editor: April M.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Gregory C. Jensen
    Gregory C. Jensen University of Washington 3808 Sundown Dr. Fisheries Box 355020 Bremerton, WA 98312 Seattle, Washington 98195 (360) 373-5116 (206) 543-6132; FAX 685-7471 [email protected] Education A.S. (Marine Biology), Olympic College, Bremerton, WA, 1978. B.A. (Zoology), University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 1981. Ph.D. (Fisheries/Invertebrate Ecology) University of Washington, 1990. Dissertation: Intertidal Zonation of Porcelain Crabs: Resource Partitioning and the Role of Selective Settlement. Positions Held Capstone Coordinator, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington. 2007- present. Assist students in all aspects of their senior projects, including proposals and presentations, faculty advisor selection, study design, IACUC approval, etc. Supply live animals for projects and classes and maintain closed seawater system for school. Instructor, Crustacean Biology. Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre, British Columbia, Canada. 2002- present. Teach 3 week immersion class on crustacean behavior and ecology. Fisheries Biologist, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington. 2006- 2009. Conducted dive surveys of Hood Canal to assess geoduck and sea cucumber populations. Instructor, Shellfish Biology. School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle. 1994- 2006. Taught 300-level, 5 credit class on the biology, ecology, and taxonomy of crustaceans, mollusks, and echinoderms. Fisheries Biologist, School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington. 1998- 2001. Investigated interactions between the introduced European green crab and native crabs on the west coast. Instructor, Fisheries Techniques. School of Fisheries, University of Washington, Seattle. 2000 & 2002. Taught 200-level, 5 credit class on sampling techniques, experimental design and analysis. Instructor, Ichthyology. Shannon Point Marine Center, Western Washington University.
    [Show full text]