Climate Change Adaptation and Natural Disaster Preparedness in Greater Mohamed El Raey Arab Academy of Science and Technology and Maritime Transport Regional Center for Disaster Risk Reduction Partners

• World Bank • EGIS (French Consulting Consortium) • Governorate of Alexandria • EEAA / ICZM • Urban Planning Authority • Arab Academy of Science and Technology • Holding Company for Wastewater Treatment

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 2 Objectives

• The main objectives of the study are: 1. Assessing vulnerabilities to the climate change and natural disasters of Alexandria City by the year 2030

2. Formulating action plans to improve adaptation to climate change and preparedness to natural disasters;

3. Disseminating results and engaging stakeholders in related decision-making

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 3 PHASE I - PRELIMINARY VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT

Collecting information, building databases and carry out assessments on: 1. Sea Level Rise, coastal Erosion and impact of storm surges 2. Investigation of potential impacts on urban flooding 3. Impacts on availability of Water Resources 4. Impacts of increasing ambient temperatures and heat island effect 5. Potential risks of earthquakes and tsunamis 11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 4 PHASE II – ADAPTATION AND PREPAREDNESS ACTION PLANS

• Recommendations for : – Urban planning aiming at minimizing vulnerabilities

– infrastructure assets and the physical investments to protect or upgrade the urban assets and systems in order to adapt

– institutional preparedness and emergency plans of the urban locations in view of the climate change impacts and disaster risks

– Economic valuation of the recommended remedial adaptation actions against the costs of the impacts of climate change and natural disasters, if unchecked

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 5 11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 6 11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 7 Figure 10: General topographic map of Alexandria region showing values of vertical land motion (mm/yr). Areas with overall land submergence and emergence (in circles) are denoted by positive and negative numbers, respectively (modified after Warne and , 1993). Topographic features from Frihy et al. (2009c).

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 8

(A) Abu Qir Harbor El Maamora El Abu Qir N bay 0 4 k m Eastern Harbor

QaitBey

Western Alexandria El Diekhila Harbor region General Harbor Silcila El

El Agami physiographic Mariut Lake

0 290 00` 29 30` 300 00` 310 features of 30` Mediterranean Abu Qir Sea Bay Rosetta Nile (B) branch N Alexandria NILE DELTA 20 km Agami Former Canopic El Hamra Branch Ridge elevation 310 1 0 (m) 0 (<2) 2 Alamein 1 (10) Carbonate ridges 2 (25) 3 3 (35) 4 (60) 4 5 (80) 6 (85) 5 6 7 (90) 7 8 8 (110)

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 9 Alexandria City Ridges

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 10 Land use of Alexandria City

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 11 Nile Delta Land subsidence (Stanley et al,1993)

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 12 Coastal Vulnerability of Alexandria City

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 13 Alexandria Storms

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 14 Sandy coastal risk

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 15 Adaptation : Preparedness

• Early warning systems • Civil protection readines • Emergency response and evacuation plans • Public information and awareness • Institutional coordination

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 16 In the presence of two rocks, it is desired to connect them, extending the groin, developing a touristic area and reducing currents and possibly future risks

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 17 Final touristic view

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 18 Final view of Island, marina and shaded areas

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 19 Final touristic view

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 20 Conclusion

Needs for : 1. Institutional Structure, 2. Monitoring And Early Warning Systems 3. Capacity Building 4. Adaptation Action

11/22/2009 Prof El Raey 21