Annual Report 2006-2007 Part 1
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Cover: Clockwise from top left • Optical fibre based temperature sensor for power transmission • Cost effective rope-bamboo based raft cultivation system for Gracilaria • X-ray crystal structures of M. tuberculosis Lysine e-aminotransferase • MEMS based acoustic sensors • Lead-free X-ray shielding Edited, designed and produced by R&D Planning Division, CSIR Hqs. With compliments of Prof. S.K. Brahmachari Director-General Council of Scientific & Industrial Research New Delhi ANNUAL REPORT 2006-2007 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi - 110 001 www.csir.res.in SOCIETY President: PM Vice President:M (S&T) GOVERNING BODY CSIR ORGANISATIONAL ADVISORY DIRECTOR PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL STRUCTURE BOARD GENERAL BOARDS CSIR HQ. MANAGEMENT LABORATORIES(38) RESEARCH COUNCIL Head: Director COUNCIL Page No. Executive Summary 1-2 Resource Base 3 Performance Indicators 3-4 1.0 S&T CONTRIBUTIONS 1.1 Aerospace Science & Technology 5 1.2 Biology & Biotechnology 9 1.3 Chemical Sciences & Technology 24 1.4 Earth Resources & Natural Hazards Assessment 35 1.5 Ecology & Environment 41 1.6 Electronics & Instrumentation 44 1.7 Energy 49 1.8 Food & Food Processing 53 1.9 Health Care, Drugs & Pharmaceuticals 57 1.10 Housing & Construction 63 1.11 Information Dissemination & Products 69 1.12 Leather 72 1.13 Material, Minerals, Metals & Manufacturing 73 2.0 CENTRAL MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES 2.1 CSIR Society 89 2.2 Governing Body 90 2.3 Department Related Parliamentary Committee 90 2.4 CSIR Foundation Day 91 2.4.1 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize Ceremony 94 CONTENTS 3.0 HEADQUARTERS ACTIVITIES 3.1 R&D Planning Division (RDPD) 95 3.2 Intellectual Property Management Division (IPMD) 99 3.3 Technology Networking & Business Development Division (TNBD) 99 3.4 General Administration 101 3.5 Human Resource Development Group (HRDG) 102 3.6 Human Resource Development Centre (HRDC) 104 3.7 International S&T Affairs Directorate (ISTAD) 104 3.8 Information Technology Division (ITD) 110 3.9 Unit for Science Dissemination (USD) 110 3.10 Recruitment & Assessment Board (RAB) 111 4.0Dateline CSIR 112 ANNEXURES I Intellectual Property from CSIR A-1 IA Foreign Patents Granted A-2 II Top Papers Published by CSIR A-27 III Members of CSIR Society (including Members A-39 of CSIR Governing Body) IV List of Network Projects A-44 V CAG Report A-46 VI Speech by PM at CSIR Society Meeting A-47 VII Speech by Minister of S&T and ES at CSIR A-49 Foundation Day VIII Speech by PM at CSIR Foundation Day A-51 List of CSIR Establishments Director General Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Anusandhan Bhawan, 2, Rafi Marg, New Delhi - 110 001 Phone No. +91-11-23710472 E-Mail: [email protected] EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Annual Report for the year 2006-07 highlights the salient contributions made by all the constituent units of Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (CSIR), which span a number of science and technology domains. The Council, the largest publically funded industrial R&D organization of the world, ever since its establishment in the year 1942, has contributed immensely not only in terms of many new products and technological processes but also in terms of significant basic research contributions. The range of its S&T contributions is unique and wide. As a multidisciplinary, multi-locational network of 38 national laboratories and 39 outreach centers, CSIR over the years, has matured into a performance driven and knowledge-centric organization. Its laboratories are rich in talent, technology, and infrastructure, which are the basic building blocks for creating and nurturing scientific & technological innovations, both incremental and breakthroughs. Predominantly, CSIR strives to achieve excellence in science; global competitiveness in technology based on high science; and innovation in various key areas of S&T. It has been a proactive generator of technologies for industrial growth, S&T anchor for strategic sector, technology hub for societal welfare and science base for progression of knowledge capital. Its achievements subsume a wide science continuum from aerospace to biology to energy to materials & minerals. The Report covers CSIR's S&T contributions in creating Societal, Strategic, Private and Public goods & services. The CSIR institutions have worked accordingly or provided services in one or more of these sectors and their outputs had direct socio- EXECUTIVE economic and, in many cases, techno-commercial significance. The year under review being the terminal year of the 10th Five Year Plan has seen SUMMARY consolidation and culmination of many of the programmes that commenced during the plan period. The network projects spread across CSIR institutions, initiated during the plan, have led to a greater synergy and appreciation of each others' strengths in various science domains. Another significant scheme of CSIR aimed at promoting technological innovation, namely, the New Millennium Indian Technology Leadership Initiative (NMITLI) attracted larger participation of stakeholders and several new leads could come out of this programme. Recognizing that S&T inputs could significantly contribute to improvement in the quality of life and public services, CSIR institutions have provided S&T based solutions to mitigate the vulnerability and improve the quality of life especially for rural society. Sustainable development of rural areas can be achieved by significant technological interventions in many areas including drinking water, shelter, energy, environment, health, food, farm and non-farm sectors. The CSIR institutions having a direct bearing in the sector of societal goods and services reported several achievements, namely, development of a novel hybrid Reverse Osmosis unit for desalination of highly saline seawater (a solar power operated community reverse osmosis desalination unit is of much benefit to those areas where electricity supply is not reliable and stable); an easy to assemble, light weight instant house for disaster victims; a new cultivar of haldi himhaldi - as a substitute of turmeric for bruises, corns and sprains; bio-village approach for widespread cultivation of aromatic and herbal plants; and a new variety of coffee species having low caffeine. Yet another contribution in the societal goods and services sector is development of a simple cost effective raft cultivation system for the sea weed gracilaria edulis from which agar is extracted, which is used as the chewing agent in food, confectionary, softdrinks, etc. Strategic sector has always been of importance for a few of the CSIR institutions and the output reported has been of considerable technological 1 importance, such as development and fabrication of MEMS, Acoustic sensors used in Satellite launch vehicles; Vacuum Enhanced Resin Infusion Technology for weight and cost reduction of the aircraft parts, especially of wings; development of Drishti - a transmission meter for runway visibility indication; and development of a production standard Aircraft SARAS. CSIR strategic presence extends to the domain of materials, minerals and energy as well. Some of the developments during the period include optical fibre based temperature sensors having applications in power transmission and a novel process for making low cost, non-toxic, highly effective shielding material for attenuating x-ray and gamma radiations utilizing industrial waste of red mud and fly ash. Ever since its establishment, CSIR has been catalyzing the growth of many of the industries, i.e., creation of public and private goods and services. This covers the distinct, yet cognate, areas of biology and biotechnology, chemicals and drugs and pharmaceuticals sectors, all of which fuel industrial growth. In these areas, CSIR has a traditional strength. Some of the new drugs and pharma related developments include processes for high level production of clot specific streptokinase and recombinant staphylokinase-two potent thromobolytics. The technologies have since been licensed for commercialization. Another achievement in this area relates to development of herbal formulation from Murraya koengii and Tribulus terrestris, useful for the treatment of prostate cancer. Yet another development is an all purpose skincare cream formulation with aloe vera as base which useful in wound healing and as antifungal formulation. In this sector some other notable achievements have been the development of a high yielding variety of foeniculum vulgare, whose essential oil is much coveted in culinary articles, cordials and toilet articles. Likewise, a process for extraction of virgin coconut oil which is colourless, having an intense coconut aroma, has been much appreciated as a functional food and which also acts as antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal agent. In the area of environment, a three step tanning methodology, which is a near zero waste water discharge leather processing technology, has been well appreciated by industrial stake-holders. Another environment friendly technology is a process for heptafluoropropane which is a substitute for halon, a chemical used in fire fighting. Based on yet another CSIR technology, a plant using a catalytic process for the manufacture of epichlorohydrin from allyl chloride has been commissioned in Thailand, which is a first plant of its kind. CSIR's contributions to the growth of core knowledge have also been noteworthy. Development of hardware and software for monsoon forecasting, in- silico drug target identification, predicting the crystal structure of