EUROPEAN COMMISSION DIRECTORATE-GENERAL FOR HUMANITARIAN AID - ECHO

Humanitarian Aid Decision 23 02 01

Title: Humanitarian assistance to the victims of conflict in Sudan

Location of operation: SUDAN

Amount of decision: EUR 15,000,000

Decision reference number: ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000

Explanatory Memorandum

1 - Rationale, needs and target population:

1.1. - Rationale:

More than two years after the start of the crisis, the situation in the Greater Darfur, a region the size of France located in West Sudan, is grim.

While the level of outright hostilities decreased over the last months, conflict between the two main armed opposition groups (Sudan Liberation Movement/Army, SLM/A, and Justice and Equality Movement, JEM) has increased, particularly in South Darfur, and attacks on civilians, primarily women and girls, in and around camps remain at unacceptable levels1. Moreover, attacks and acts of banditry on clearly marked humanitarian convoys have exponentially increased and been particularly bad in South Darfur where all roads out of Nyala, the state capital, are currently No Go for the UN2. The fragmentation and break-down of command and control structures within and amongst the different rebel groups considerably aggravates the operating context.

Peace talks resumed between the Government of Sudan (GoS) and the two main Darfur armed groups (SLM/A and JEM) on June 10 2005 in the Nigerian capital Abuja after more than six months of stalemate. Otherwise, on January 9 2005, the GoS and the southern movement, Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army (SPLM/A), signed a comprehensive peace accord that put to an end more than 20 years of war and opened the process for the creation of a Government of National Unity and a new Constitution. While these developments bring hope for a potential political solution in Darfur, warring parties have breached previous agreements3 a number of times, resulting in fighting, further displacement and suffering of civilians in Darfur.

1 Between October 2004 and February 2005, doctors from MSF-NLD treated almost 500 rape victims in the region. The cases recorded are probably only a partial reflection of the real number of victims. The Crushing Burden of Rape, Sexual Violence in Darfur, MSF-NLD, March 2005. 2 On the 21.12.04, Save the Children UK announced its withdrawal from Darfur following the death of four staff in two separate incidents. 3 In November 2004, a cease fire agreement and humanitarian protocols were signed by the warring parties in Darfur. ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 1

The African Union Mission in Sudan (AMIS) initially established to monitor adherence to the April 2004 ceasefire has increased in number and it now has a more protective role in relation to both civilians affected by conflict and humanitarian actors. The AMIS force is expected to increase to up to 6.100 military personnel with 1.560 civilian police by September 2005. At present, however, they have 2.600 staff deployed against the current mandate ceiling of 3.3004.

Furthermore, three UN Security Council resolutions on Sudan have recently been adopted. Two of these relate specifically to Darfur5.

A particularly disturbing trend relates to the increased insecurity in the displaced camps as witnessed in Kalma, South Darfur. In March 2005 fighting between IDPs and police forces left over 15 dead and led to the closure of the camps to humanitarian agencies for a few days. The humanitarian operational context is further complicated by the increasing number of cases of harassment and intimidation by the authorities against humanitarian organisations.

The security situation and early onset of the hunger season has resulted in a strong pull factor effect in which scattered rural communities are increasingly moving to large gatherings for security and humanitarian assistance. It has proven to be difficult to relocate overcrowded IDP camps to new sites in the vicinity of existing ones. Locations for these have been identified with the participation of the International Office for Migration (IOM). Despite the relatively well coordinated effort of the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA), the move continues to be tangled in a miasma of legal arguments. The longer this situation persists the more difficult it will be to: 1) re-establish pre-war livelihood conditions in Darfur6 and 2) promote voluntary, safe return of a significant number of IDPs to their places of origin.

As a result of the ongoing conflict, insecurity, increasing population displacement (currently more than 2 million displaced people) and deficient 2004 harvest, the livelihood systems have been severely disrupted, and traditional livestock migratory patterns and trade routes, as well as the potential return of Internally Displaced People (IDPs) have been impeded. As reported by the World Food Programme (WFP) in its revised Action Plan for the region (June 2005), increasing market prices, limited purchasing power of vulnerable households and serious water scarcity have further compounded the situation.

The already overstretched humanitarian effort needs to be strengthened, especially at the start of the traditional hunger gap7 and rainy season. Unfortunately, the start of the rainy season translates into another planting season missed and the consequent prolonged displacement of the millions of affected people.

This decision builds on previous decisions adopted by the European Commission since the beginning of the crisis, targeting both affected people in Darfur8 and in Chad9. This decision

4 Darfur Humanitarian Profile No. 14, 01.05.05. 5 Resolution 1591 envisages targeted sanctions and an expansion of the arms embargo in Darfur and Resolution 1593 refers the situation to the International Criminal Court following an independent investigation commissioned in 2004 which found sufficient evidence of serious violations committed and drew up a list of 51 suspected criminals. 6 Darfur, Humanitarian Profile No. 14, 01.05.05. 7 Period between the end of one harvest and the beginning of the following one, usually coinciding with the rainy season (May to October, depending on the areas). 8 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/02000, ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/03000, ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/04000, ECHO/SDN/EDF/2004/01000, ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/05000. ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 2 should allow continuation of life-saving activities financed by previous decisions and bridge into the next programming exercise of 2006. Whilst this decision focuses mainly on the population affected by the conflict in Darfur, many other areas of Sudan are also subject to outbreaks of violence, worsened by natural disasters. Should needs be judged as acute as those in Darfur then assistance for these other areas would be also considered.

1.2. - Identified needs:

The table below presents the variation in the assistance gap across Darfur10. The figures are rough estimates but reflect an improvement in shelter/NFI, as well as in access to water and sanitation (although this might be changing rapidly as large numbers of latrines are filling up in overcrowded camps). The improvement registered in the health sector is less noticeable, with, still today, areas uncovered and deficient access to secondary health care.

Sector Gap % Oct 04 Gap % April 05 Food aid 30 43 Shelter/NFI 48 25 Clean water 60 43 Sanitation 58 29 PHC 33 33 Basic drug supplies 42 32 Secondary health 42 38

Food Security:

WFP estimates11 that an additional 110,055 Mt of assorted commodities will be required from April to December 2005 and has revised its appeal accordingly. From meteorological and agricultural perspectives the previous season in Darfur was poor. Rainfall ranged between 60 – 70% of average. The reduced production in Darfur and neighbouring states has affected the traditional flow of production all the way down to Unity State in the South.

The region continues to face a seed shortage as a result of severely depleted traditional farmer’s seed stocks due to looting of village fields. There has been in 2004 a more than 40% reduction of planted areas as compared to 2003. It is estimated that up to 90% and 40% of IDP and residents respectively have lost their livestock.

As for all other sectors, insecurity has been presenting major challenges for food deliveries. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has expressed concerns over the shrinking food reserves in rural Darfur and the risk of a food crisis in 2005. This situation is exacerbated by a significant imbalance of food aid between IDP camps and rural areas as relief agencies tend to concentrate their activities in and around urban areas12.

Health and nutrition:

As of the end of May 2005, there are some 185 Primary Health Care (PHC) facilities serving approximately 69% of the affected population. In particular, through the distribution of reproductive health (RH) kits, access to reproductive health care has been enhanced. The upgrading of 60% of public health laboratories has improved the detection and response to

9 ECHO/TCD/210/2003/0100, ECHO/TCD/BUD/2004/02000, ECHO/TCD/EDF/2004/02000, ECHO/TCD/2005/01000. 10 From Darfur Humanitarian Profile Nos. 7 (01.10.04) and 13 (01.04.05). 11 Plan of action for Darfur – April 2005 12 ICRC update on activities from January to May 2005, Sudan. ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 3 outbreaks. Three rounds of polio vaccinations achieved over 95% coverage. Meningitis as well as measles remains a concern. Rapid immunization campaigns in the biggest camps have prevented outbreaks but isolated cases have been detected and treated. Preparation for cholera outbreaks must be put in place. The upcoming rainy season and the associated sanitation problems are expected to increase communicable diseases. Epidemiological surveillance must continue and so must the life line support to the existing and newly established PHC facilities. Overall coordination in the sector must improve. The provision of post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) antiretroviral treatment as part of gender based violence (GBV) care must achieve wider and better results.

WHO is currently conducting a crude mortality survey that should be available in July. The previous one reflected a death rate of over 70.000 cases since the start of the conflict.

Malnutrition in South Darfur is on the increase and all signs point towards an earlier start to the hungry season13. Global acute malnutrition (GAM) levels in Otash and Al Geer camps in Nyala reached 22% in April 0514. Several other surveys done in the state have found similar rates. It is of great concern that malnutrition levels are so high especially in and around camps where the food aid distributions have been generally steady.

Water and environmental sanitation:

Water availability in some remote locations of North Darfur is feared to be as low as 1-2 litres/person/day. This has been partially addressed through timely interventions of a number of ECHO (Directorate-General for Humanitarian Aid of the European Commission) partners. However, much more needs to be done to prevent further loss of life and reduction of livestock numbers. Declining rainfall (which has been decreasing slowly for decades from approximately 310 mm in the mid 1920s to 180 mm in early 2000) has affected the sustainability of surface water flows and the recharge of ground water15 forcing further migration of people. The overexploitation of water points in some camps, where IDPs are drawing massively on the water points for the production of mud bricks, is further worsening the problem. It is feared that the El Fasher (capital of North Darfur) dam and main water source for the city, could dry up over the coming weeks. In Kalma and other large camps, the decreasing number of functioning latrines at the start of the rainy season will pose a great problem.

Protection, IHL, education and care for special groups:

The Darfur crisis can be characterized as a protection crisis. Common themes across the region include the prevalence of GBV and lack of treatment and counselling to victims, pressure for return and relocation and ongoing violence against civilians. Constraints on effective protection programming remain manifold. The lack of adherence of the authorities to their protection commitments is paramount amongst them.

The Letter of Understanding (LoU) signed on January 31 2005 between the GoS and the UN High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) establishes the right of IDPs in West Darfur to return to their homes without any pre-conditions and on a voluntary basis. A similar agreement has been signed with IOM in the other two states where IOM has taken the lead in ensuring protection and the right to a voluntary return.

13 Linked also to a deterioration of the security situation inadequate water and sanitation conditions, the relatively low Expanded Programme for Immunisation (EPI) coverage and the social sharing of households. 14 World Vision Nutritional Survey, South Darfur, April 05. 15 UNICEF Darfur Emergency Report. April-June 2005. ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 4

The current insecurity situation requires special attention on awareness activities, as well as dissemination of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). Furthermore, populations located in remote rural areas are especially at risk and, therefore, protection by presence should remain a priority.

Shelter, essential NFI (Non-Food Items) and fuel:

Due to severe pipeline problems and the increasing number of IDPs, current NFI stocks will only be allocated to those identified as newly displaced and those who did not receive items last year. This will leave large numbers unattended until the arrival of new stocks expected for July-August 2005. Despite all efforts and assistance supplied in this sector, living conditions and available shelter provide insufficient protection from the extreme weather. Inadequate funding and expected delays in clearing items through Port Sudan continue to have a negative impact. Lastly, the fuel needed by the displaced for cooking purposes constitutes a crucial problem. Alternative strategies16 have to be developed to avoid complete deforestation and the potential conflicts on this subject with local populations.

Common Services:

Logistics in Darfur remains complex and extremely costly. As of May 2005, WFP/UNHAS (providing for humanitarian aid passenger transport services) faces a funding shortfall of 41%. The agency needs USD 5 million to ensure continued air services particularly during the rainy season so as to ensure access to the more remote areas. The overall coordination role of United Nations, Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) also deserves continued support.

1.3. - Target population and regions concerned:

As reflected in the table below, the number of IDPs over the period October 2004 – April 2005 continued to increase. The same applies to the number of conflict affected. This trend is particularly significant in South Darfur where fighting and insecurity have pushed people into camps. Undoubtedly, the level of assistance provided in and around the camps coupled with the difficult conditions and insecurity in the most remote areas has pulled people into camps and urban areas. WFP is now preparing to provide emergency assistance for up to 3.25 million people at the peak of the hunger period from August to October17 . Numbers are expected to fall to 3 million in November if sufficient conditions are met for farmers to start preparing their land.

State IDPs Oct 04 IDPs April 05 Increase North 418.338 479.342 61.004 West 653.218 715.708 62.490 South 529.350 770.808 241.458 Total 1.600.906 1.965.858 364.952

In addition to assisting IDPs, this decision shall take into the account the needs of: • host communities; • affected residents living in remote and so far underserved areas; • returnees.

Specifically vulnerable groups such as separated children and victims of sexual violence may be mainstreamed in some interventions.

16 E.g. distribution of fuel efficient stoves. 17 This figure excludes the 320.000 people reached by the ICRC. ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 5

1.4. - Risk assessment and possible constraints:

• Breakdown or unsuccessful negotiations in Abuja resulting in an escalation of the conflict with further influx of IDPs; • Forced relocation/repatriation; • Disease outbreak or epidemics; • Another poor rainy season; • Additional complicated logistics during the rainy season; • Insecurity (including mines threats, banditry, uncontrolled armed groups, etc); • Insufficient contributions by other Donors to the humanitarian crisis in Darfur. • Resumption of bureaucratic impediments.

2- Objectives and components of the humanitarian intervention proposed18:

2.1. – Objectives:

Principal objective: To provide life-saving assistance to the victims of conflict in Sudan.

Specific objectives: • To reduce excess mortality and morbidity among highly vulnerable populations through integrated and primarily life saving activities • To improve humanitarian and operational environments through support to special mandates, as well as common services

2.2. - Components:

In Darfur, funds channelled through ECHO have been used to support classic humanitarian assistance interventions in key life saving sectors, as well as various common service projects in coordination, information and logistics. This strategy will be continued and combined with a renewed emphasis on enhanced protection and a greater focus on food security.

Food security

• Improve understanding of the food security situation and needs. • Targeted emergency household food security inputs to selected communities.

Health and nutrition

• Establishment or continuation of therapeutic and supplementary feeding programmes in areas with the highest malnutrition rates;

18 Grants for the implementation of humanitarian aid within the meaning of Council Regulation (EC) No.1257/96 of 20 June 1996 concerning humanitarian aid are awarded in accordance with the Financial Regulation, in particular Article110 thereof, and its Implementing Rules in particular Article168 thereof (Council Regulation (EC, Euratom) No 1605/2002 of 25 June 2002, OJ L 248 of 16 September 2002 and No 2342/2002 of 23 December 2002, OJ L 357 of 31 December 2002).

Rate of financing: In accordance with Article169 of the Financial Regulation, grants for the implementation of this Decision may finance 100% of the costs of an action.

Humanitarian aid operations funded by the Commission are implemented by NGOs and the Red Cross organisations on the basis of Framework Partnership Agreements (FPA) (in conformity with Article 163 of the Implementing Rules of the Financial Regulation) and by United Nations agencies based on the Financial and Administrative Framework Agreement (FAFA). The standards and criteria established in ECHO's standard Framework Partnership Agreement to which NGO’s and International organisations have to adhere and the procedures and criteria needed to become a partner may be found at http://europa.eu.int/comm/echo/partners/index_en.htm

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• Mass measles vaccination in IDP settings not previously immunised, and support to ongoing EPI where possible; • Reducing risk of outbreaks and epidemics of communicable diseases (e.g. malaria); • Maintain minimum level of basic preventive health outreach and awareness in areas with high number of IDPs; • Support for improved (secondary and tertiary) care for victims of various types of violence, evolving around issues such as sexual violence, HIV/AIDS, mental health care, surgery for the wounded and obstetric; • Mobile clinics to enhance outreach; • Support to coordination in the sector.

Water and environmental sanitation

• Repair existing water sources in the most remote areas with high concentration of IDPs and livestock. Where no repairs are possible, drill new boreholes and equip properly. • Maintain water supply systems and where feasible, improve their sustainability; • In IDP settings, distribution of soap, water containers, hygiene promotion through outreach workers, construction of latrines, vector control, waste water drainage and clean up campaigns.

Protection, IHL, education and care for special groups

• Dissemination/training on IHL and basic principles; • Tracing and family reunifications where feasible; • Interventions towards the parties to the conflict to remind them of their obligations with regard to IHL; • Specialised psychological support to children; • Essential education; • Specialised support to women victims of GBV; • Training of trainers for the construction of fuel efficient stoves; • Provide protection by presence.

Shelter, essential NFIs and fuel

• Provision of plastic sheeting and/or basic local building materials, as well as basic household non-food items such as clothing, kitchen sets, mosquito nets and blankets, and fuels and/or of technical means and equipment reducing fuel consumption; • Reinforcement of up-stream parts of the shelter/NFI supply pipelines, as well as down-stream distribution systems.

Common services

This component aims at improving the humanitarian and operational environment through the creation and further bolstering of a safe and conducive operating environment by supporting certain common services (e.g. humanitarian passenger flights, staff security, coordination, information, logistics) that have a wide ‘spin-off’ effect for the larger humanitarian community. The main activities to be undertaken to fulfil this objective will be: • Enhance humanitarian co-ordination, information flows, advocacy and policy development with the aim to reduce assistance gaps and avoid overlaps.

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• Contribute to secure working conditions for humanitarian workers through assessments, updates, training and evacuation services. • Maintain air access to remote locations. • Bolster and facilitate humanitarian transport, logistics, camp management and communication systems.

3 - Duration foreseen for actions within the framework of the proposed decision:

The duration for the implementation of this decision will be 12 months. This timeframe is necessary considering the uncertain security environment and potential regular inaccessibility in large areas due to access denials, difficult terrain and seasonal rains. Humanitarian operations funded by this decision must be implemented within this period.

Expenditure under this Decision shall be eligible from 01/08/2005. This date of eligibility of expenditure is justified by the necessity to avoid any rupture in the ongoing operations which have proved vital for their beneficiaries.

Start Date: 01/08/2005

If the implementation of the actions envisaged in this decision is suspended due to force majeure or any comparable circumstance, the period of suspension will not be taken into account for the calculation of the duration of the decision.

Depending on the evolution of the situation in the field, the Commission reserves the right to terminate the agreements signed with the implementing humanitarian organisations where the suspension of activities is for a period of more than one third of the total planned duration of the action. In this respect the procedure established in the specific agreement will be applied.

ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 8

4 –Previous interventions/decisions of the Commission within the context of the crisis concerned herewith List of previous ECHO operations in SUDAN

2003 2004 2005 Decision number Decision type EUR EUR EUR ECHO/SDN/210/2003/02000 Emergency 2,000,000 ECHO/SDN/210/2003/01000 Global Plan 20,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/01000 Global Plan 20,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/02000 Non Emergency 10,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/03000 Non Emergency 10,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/04000 Non Emergency 15,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2004/05000 Non Emergency 31,000,000 ECHO/SDN/EDF/2004/01000 Non Emergency 5,000,000 ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/01000 Global Plan 20,000,000

Subtotal 22,000,000 91,000,000 20,000,000

Total 133,000,000 (y-2)+(y-1)+(y) Dated : 01/06/2005 Source : HOPE Funds from previous decisions have been completely committed.

5 - Other donors and donor co-ordination mechanisms Donors in SUDAN the last 12 months

1. EU Members States (*) 2. European Commission 3. Others EUR EUR EUR Austria 1,200,000 ECHO 111,000,000 USA (**) 500,000,000 Belgium 2,199,000 Other services 83,980,000 Cyprus 0 Czech Rep. 116,250 Denmark 12,259,896 Estonia 31,949 Finland 5,390,000 France 6,078,322 Germany 35,490,983 Greece 500,000 Hungary 94,161 Ireland 6,438,000 Italy 0 Latvia 0 Lithuania 28,962 Luxembourg 1,787,479 Malta 0 Netherlands 70,986,418 Poland 0 Portugal 250,000 Slovakia 20,000 Slovenia 0 Spain 900,000 Sweden 22,161,805 United Kingdom 0

Subtotal 165,933,225 Subtotal 194,980,000 Subtotal 500,000,000

Grand total 860,913,225

(*) Source : ECHO 14 Points reporting for Members States - https://hac.cec.eu.int - Dated : 22/06/2005 Empty cells means either no information is available or no contribution. (**)Source: USAID - Situation Report Number 2, Fiscal Year 2005, June 10 2005

6 –Amount of decision and distribution by specific objectives: 6.1. - Total amount of the decision: EUR 15,000,000

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6.2. - Budget breakdown by specific objectives Principal objective: To provide life-saving assistance to the victims of conflict in Sudan Specific objectives Allocated amount Possible Activities Potential partners(*) by specific geographical area objective (EUR) of operation Specific objective 1: 11,000,000 The Greater Darfur Targeted food security assessments and ACF – FRA, ACTED, ADRA – DEU, ADRA – DK, ALISEI, AMI – FRA, AVSI, CAFOD, CAM, To reduce excess mortality and Region and, inputs. Running of PHC clinics and CARE – UK, CARITAS – BEL, CARITAS – DEU, CARITAS – FRA, CCM, CESVI, CHRISTIAN morbidity among highly vulnerable eventually, other targeted nutritional programmes. AID – UK, CONCERN WORLDWIDE, COOPI, CORDAID, COSV – MILAN, CROIX-ROUGE populations through integrated and areas affected by Enhanced Reproductive Health care, (GBR), CROIX-ROUGE – BEL, CROIX-ROUGE - CICR- ICRC – CH, CROIX-ROUGE – ESP, primarily life saving activities conflict support to victims of violence and EPI CROIX-ROUGE - FICR-IFCR-CH, CROIX-ROUGE – FIN, CROIX-ROUGE – GRC, CROIX- campaigns. Surveillance and response ROUGE – NLD, CROIX-ROUGE – NOR, DANISH CHURCH AID - DNK, DIAKONIE, DIE to epidemics. Rehabilitation and JOHANNITER, (DEU), DRC, EMDH, GERMAN AGRO ACTION, GOAL, HANDICAP (BEL), construction of water points. Repair HEALTH NET INT., HELPAGE INTERNATIONAL – UK, IAS (SWE), INTERSOS, IOM, IRC – and construction of latrines. UK, ISLAMIC RELIEF, MAG – UK, MALTESER HILFSDIENST, MDM – FRA, MEDAIR UK, Community based hygiene promotion MERCY CORPS SCOTLAND, MERLIN, MSF – BEL, MSF – CHE, MSF – ESP, MSF – FRA, campaigns. Distribution of shelter, NFI MSF – NLD, NORWEGIAN CHURCH AID, NORWEGIAN REFUGEE, COUNCIL, OXFAM – and training for the construction of fuel UK, PREMIERE URGENCE, PSF - FRA/CLERMONT-FERRAND, SAVE THE CHILDREN – efficient stoves. Protection by presence. NLD, SAVE THE CHILDREN – UK, SOLIDARITES, TEARFUND – UK, TERRE DES Provision of psychosocial support to HOMMES – CHE. TERRE DES HOMMES (TDH) – ITA, TRIANGLE, TROCAIRE, UN - FAO-I, vulnerable groups. Essential education. UN - UNDP – BEL, UN - UNHCR – BEL, UN - UNICEF – BEL, UN – UNOCHA, UN - WFP- PAM, UNFPA, VSF – BE, WHO – OMS, WORLD VISION - UK, WORLD VISION DEU, ZOA Specific objective 2: 4,000,000 The Greater Darfur Protection. Psychosocial support to - CROIX-ROUGE - CICR- ICRC - CH To improve humanitarian and Region and, vulnerable groups. Dissemination of - UN - UNOCHA operational environments through eventually, other IHL. Tracing. Care of GBV. Support to - UN - WFP-PAM, IOM, UN - UNHCR – BEL, UN - UNICEF – BEL support to special mandates, as well as areas affected by logistics, coordination, common services conflict communications, camp management, air transport capacity and security. TOTAL 15,000,000 (*) ACTION CONTRE LA FAIM, (FR), ADVENTIST DEVELOPMENT AND RELIEF AGENCY - DENMARK, AGENCE D'AIDE A LA COOPERATION TECHNIQUE ET AU DEVELOPPEMENT, (FR), AIDE MEDICALE INTERNATIONALE, (FR), ALISEI (ITA), ARTSEN ZONDER GRENZEN (NLD), ASSOCIAZIONE VOLONTARI PER IL SERVIZIO INTERNAZIONALE (ITA), Adventistische Entwicklungs- und Katastrophenhilfe e.V., BELGISCHE RODE KRUIS/CROIX ROUGE DE BELGIQUE, (BEL), BRITISH RED CROSS (GBR), CARE INTERNATIONAL UK , CARITAS FRANCE - SECOURS CATHOLIQUE, (FR), CARITAS INTERNATIONAL BELGIUM - SECOURS INTERNATIONAL DE CARITAS CATHOLICA, (BEL), CATHOLIC AGENCY FOR OVERSEAS DEVELOPMENT (GBR), CATHOLIC ORGANISATION FOR RELIEF AND DEVELOPMENT AID (NLD), CESVI cooperazione e sviluppo onlus, CHRISTIAN AID (GBR), COMITATO COLLABORAZIONE MEDICA - CCM , COMITATO DI COORDINAMENTO DELLE ORGANIZZAZIONI PER IL SERVIZIO VOLONTARIO (ITA), COMITE D'AIDE MEDICALE, COMITE INTERNATIONAL DE LA CROIX-ROUGE (CICR), CONCERN WORLDWIDE, (IRL), COOPERAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE (ITA), CRUZ ROJA ESPAÑOLA, (E), DANSK FLYGTNINGEHJAELP, DEUTSCHE WELTHUNGERHILFE / GERMAN AGRO ACTION, (DEU), DEUTSCHER CARITASVERBAND e.V, (DEU), DIAKONISCHES WERK der Evangelischen Kirche in Deutschland (DEU) , ENFANTS DU MONDE - DROITS DE L'HOMME, FEDERATION INTERNATIONALE DES SOCIETES DE LA CROIX-ROUGE ET DU CROISSANT ROUGE, FONDAZIONE TERRE DES HOMMES ITALIA ONLUS, GOAL, (IRL), HANDICAP INTERNATIONAL (BEL), HEALTH NET INTERNATIONAL, (NLD), HELLENIC RED CROSS, (GRC), HELPAGE INTERNATIONAL (GBR), HET NEDERLANDSE RODE KRUIS (NLD), INTERNATIONAL AID SERVICES, INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION (INT), INTERSOS , ISLAMIC RELIEF , International Rescue Committee UK, JOHANNITER-UNFALL-HILFE e.V. (DEU), KIRKENS NODHJELP - NORWEGIAN CHURCH AID (NOR), MALTESER HILFSDIENST e.V., (DEU), MEDAIR UK (GBR), MEDECINS DU MONDE, MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES (CHE), MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES (F), MEDECINS SANS FRONTIERES BELGIQUE/ARTSEN ZONDER GRENZEN BELGIE(BEL), MEDICAL EMERGENCY RELIEF INTERNATIONAL (GBR), MEDICOS SIN FRONTERAS, (E), MERCY CORPS SCOTLAND (GBR), MINES ADVISORY GROUP (GBR), NORGES RODE KORS (NORWEGIAN RED CROSS), NORWEGIAN REFUGEE COUNCIL (NOR), OXFAM (GB), PHARMACIENS SANS FRONTIERES COMITE INTERNATIONAL, PREMIERE URGENCE, (FR), SAVE THE CHILDREN (NLD), SOLIDARITES, (FR), SUOMEN PUNAINEN RISTI (CROIX ROUGE FINLANDE), TEARFUND (GBR), THE SAVE THE CHILDREN FUND (GBR), TRIANGLE Génération Humanitaire, (FR), Trocaire, (IRL), UNICEF, UNITED NATIONS - FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION, UNITED NATIONS - WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME, UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME, UNITED NATIONS HIGH COMMISSIONER FOR REFUGEES - BELGIUM, UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND, UNITED NATIONS, OFFICE FOR THE COORDINATION OF HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS, Vétérinaires Sans Frontières- Belgique - Dierenartsen Zonder Grenzen - Belgie , WORLD HEALTH ORGANISATION - ORGANISATION MONDIALE DE LA SANTE, WORLD VISION - UK, WORLD VISION, (DEU), ZOA-Vluchtelingenzorg

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7 –Evaluation Under article 18 of Council Regulation (EC) No.1257/96 of 20 June 1996 concerning humanitarian aid the Commission is required to "regularly assess humanitarian aid operations financed by the Community in order to establish whether they have achieved their objectives and to produce guidelines for improving the effectiveness of subsequent operations." These evaluations are structured and organised in overarching and cross cutting issues forming part of ECHO's Annual Strategy such as child-related issues, the security of relief workers, respect for human rights, gender. Each year, an indicative Evaluation Programme is established after a consultative process. This programme is flexible and can be adapted to include evaluations not foreseen in the initial programme, in response to particular events or changing circumstances. More information can be obtained at:

http://europa.eu.int/comm/echo/evaluation/index_en.htm.

8 –Budget Impact article 23 02 01

CE (EUR) Initial Available Appropriations for 2005 476.500.000 Supplementary Budgets Reinforcement from Emergency aid reserve 100.000.000 Transfers Commission -3.500.000 Total available appropriations 573.000.000 Total executed to date (as at 27/06/2005) 438.356.370 Available remaining 134.643.630 Total amount of the Decision 15,000,000

ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 11

COMMISSION DECISION

of

on the financing of humanitarian operations from the general budget of the European Union in SUDAN

THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Community, Having regard to Council Regulation (EC) No.1257/96 of 20 June 1996 concerning humanitarian aid19, and in particular Article 15(2) thereof,

Whereas:

(1) More than two years after the start of the conflict in the greater Darfur region between the Government of Sudan and armed opposition groups hostilities continue,

(2) In greater Darfur region alone, at least tens of thousands of people have been killed, and over two million people displaced,

(3) Insecurity affecting civilians and humanitarian organisations continues, linked to ongoing hostilities, attacks and acts of banditry,

(4) Humanitarian conditions among the affected communities are precarious and likely to deteriorate further as additional displacements take place, current camps become overcrowded and livelihoods of those residing in outlying areas continue to deteriorate,

(5) The start of the rainy season translates into another planting season missed and the consequent prolonged displacement for millions affected,

(6) This decision builds on previous decisions adopted since the beginning of the crisis,

(7) An assessment of the humanitarian situation leads to the conclusion that humanitarian aid operations should be financed by the Community for a period of 12 months.

(8) It is estimated that an amount of EUR 15,000,000 from budget line 23 02 01 of the 2005 general budget of the European Union is necessary to provide humanitarian assistance to over 2,5 million conflict-affected people, taking into account the available budget, other donors’ interventions and other factors.

(9) In accordance with Article 17 (3) of Regulation (EC) No.1257/96 the Humanitarian Aid Committee gave a favourable opinion on 20.08.2005.

19 OJ L 163, 2.7.1996, p. 1-6

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HAS DECIDED AS FOLLOWS:

Article 1 1. In accordance with the objectives and general principles of humanitarian aid, the Commission hereby approves a total amount of EUR 15,000,000 for humanitarian aid operations Humanitarian assistance to the victims of conflict in Sudan by using line 23 02 01 of the 2005 general budget of the European Union.

2. In accordance with Article 2 of Regulation (EC) No.1257/96, the humanitarian operations shall be implemented in the pursuance of the following specific objectives:

- To reduce excess mortality and morbidity among highly vulnerable populations through integrated and primarily life saving activities - To improve humanitarian and operational environments through support to special mandates, as well as common services

The amounts allocated to each of these objectives are listed in the annex to this decision.

Article 2

The Commission may, where this is justified by the humanitarian situation, re-allocate the funding levels established for one of the objectives set out in Article 1(2) to another objective mentioned therein, provided that the re-allocated amount represents less than 20% of the global amount covered by this Decision and does not exceed EUR 2 million.

Article 3

1. The duration for the implementation of this decision shall be for a maximum period of 12 months, starting on 1st August 2005.

2. Expenditure under this Decision shall be eligible from 1st August 2005.

3. If the operations envisaged in this Decision are suspended owing to force majeure or comparable circumstances, the period of suspension shall not be taken into account for the calculation of the duration of the implementation of this Decision.

Article 4

This Decision shall take effect on the date of its adoption.

Done at Brussels,

For the Commission

Member of the Commission

ECHO/SDN/BUD/2005/02000 13

Annex: Breakdown of allocations by specific objectives

Principal objective :To provide life-saving assistance to the victims of conflict in Sudan Specific objectives Amount per specific objective (EUR) To reduce excess mortality and morbidity among 11,000,000 highly vulnerable populations through integrated and primarily life saving activities To improve humanitarian and operational 4,000,000 environments through support to special mandates, as well as common services TOTAL 15,000,000

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