Carl Jung -- Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist whose study of the nature of the human mind resulted in two basic concepts that are important in examining and analyzing literature.
1. Collective Unconsciousness—
Unconscious/ subconscious mental record of all common human experiences (examples: love, passion, birth, death, anger, peace, evil, spirituality)
2. Archetype—
Symbols which express our “collective unconscious,” which are our common human experiences. He first applied the term archetype to literature. Jung recognized that there were universal patterns in all stories and mythologies regardless of culture or historical period and hypothesized that part of the human mind recognizes archetypal patterns in literature, bringing patterns we all unconsciously respond to in similar ways to a conscious level.
1. Water
2. Sun
3. Circle
4. Serpent or Worm
5. Garden
6. Tree
7. Road/Train/River
8. Desert
Symbolizes birth, death, resurrection, purification, redemption, fertility, growth.
--The Sea: Mother of Life, timelessness
--Rivers: Baptism
Symbolizes energy, father figure, passage of time and life.
--rising sun: birth, creation, enlightenment, associated with the East
--Setting sun: death, destruction, associated with the West
Symbolizes wholeness, unity, oneness.
Symbolizes evil, corruption, healing energy, and force.
Symbolizes paradise, innocence, unspoiled feminine beauty, fertility.
Symbolizes growth, life, proliferation, immortality.
Symbolizes mystery, the unknown, the wild, a sanctuary.
Symbolize journeys through life.
Symbolizes lack of spirituality, death, and hopelessness.
Symbolizes paradise or isolation.
Red: blood, sacrifice, passion, disorder Green: growth, hope, fertility Blue: highly positive, security, tranquility, spiritual purity Black: darkness, chaos, mystery, the unknown, death, wisdom, evil, melancholy White: light, purity, innocence, timelessness (negatives: death, horror, supernatural)
Yellow: enlightenment, wisdom
blood, sacrifice, passion, disorder
growth, hope, fertility, innocence
“Nature’s first green is gold”
darkness, chaos, mystery, the unknown, death, wisdom, evil, melancholy
enlightenment, wisdom
light, purity, innocence, timelessness (negatives: death, horror, supernatural
3—light, spiritual awareness, unity (holy trinity), male principle 4—associated with the circle, life cycle, four seasons, female principle, earth, nature, elements
7—the most potent of all symbolic numbers signifying the union of three and four, the completion of a cycle, perfect order, perfect number, religious symbol
Hero
Scapegoat
Outcast
Devil Figure
Earth Mother
Temptress
Wise Old Man
Villain
The Hero is a protagonist whose life is a series of well-marked adventures. The circumstances of his birth are unusual, and he is raised by a guardian. He will have to leave his kingdom, only to return to it upon reaching manhood. Characterized by courage, strength, and honor, the hero will endure hardship, even risk his life for the good of all. Leaves the familiar to enter an unfamiliar and challenging world.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puTtnqoqHLQ
Call to Adventure
and
Departure
Crossing Apotheosis the threshold
Atonement Quest and with the tests father
Hero’s Belly of the Return whale
Reluctant Hero Tragic Hero Underdog Hero Celebrity Hero
Either a physical or psychological wound that cannot be fully healed. The wound symbolizes a loss of innocence.
The weapon the hero needs in order to complete his quest.
The descent from a higher to a lower state of being usually as a punishment for transgression. It also involves the loss of innocence.
Situational Archetypes
These sometimes coincide with theme.
Obviously, a battle between two primal forces. Mankind shows eternal optimism in the continual portrayal of good triumphing over evil despite great odds.
The most common of all situational archetypes, this motif grows out of a parallel between the cycle of nature and the cycle of life. Thus morning and springtime represent birth, youth, or rebirth, while evening and winter suggest old age or death.
The nearly superhuman feat(s) the Hero must perform in order to accomplish his quest.
What the Hero must accomplish in order to bring fertility back to the wasteland, usually a search for some talisman, which will restore peace, order, and normalcy to a troubled land.
The journey sends the Hero in search of some truth that will help save his kingdom. Types of Archetypal Journeys
1. The quest for identity 2. The epic journey to find the promised land/to found the good city 3. The quest for vengeance 4. The warrior’s journey to save his people 5. The search for love (to rescue the princess/damsel in distress) 6. The journey in search of knowledge 7. The tragic quest: penance or self-denial 8. The fool’s errand 9. The quest to rid the land of danger 10. The grail quest (the quest for human perfection) YOUR rtJRN!! -tJ•u•e .,. · (),/ 9&-- "\ ' ,,.._....,. c-w · L Je ·ot tAte,.. y- (),/ tttWsw4
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. The Hero's Journey
An animal, or more usually a human, whose death in a public ceremony expiates some taint or sin of a community. They are often more powerful in death than in life.
The Mentor is an older, wiser teacher to the initiates. He often serves as a father or mother figure. He gives the hero gifts (weapons, food, magic, information), serves as a role model or as hero’s conscience.
These are loyal companions willing to face hardship and ordeal in order to stay together.
A vulnerable woman who needs to be rescued by the hero. She is often used as a trap to ensnare the unsuspecting hero.
Good, beautiful maiden, usually blond, may make an ideal marriage partner; often has religious or intellectual overtones.
Two characters engaged in a love affair fated to end tragically for one or both due to the disapproval of society, friends, family, or some tragic situation.
A monster usually summoned from the deepest, darkest part of the human psyche to threaten the lives of the hero/heroine. Often it is a perversion or desecration of the human body.
What popular movies reversed archetypal roles for humor?