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A Study of the Efficient Coordination of Logistic Distribution Centers for the China Project*

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A Study of the Efficient Coordination of Logistic Distribution Centers for the China Project* Jun-Na Jin, Bao-Zhong Zhang / International Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business 9-8 (2018) 27-34 27 Print ISSN: 2233-4165 / Online ISSN: 2233-5382 doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.13106/ijidb.2018.vol9.no8.27. A Study of the Efficient Coordination of Logistic Distribution Centers for the China Project* Jun-Na Jin**, Bao-Zhong Zhang*** Received: May 15, 2018. Revised: August 1, 2018. Accepted: August 15, 2018. Abstract Purpose - This paper discussed and illustrated the most efficient method to calculate the distribution centers for a national project in China. Through demonstration of implementing the GIS, spatial analysis, and location calculation model, this paper mainly dealt with the construction distribution problem and inconvenient supply of materials problems. Research design, data, and methodology – In this paper, the research design structure based on three steps: implementing the Geographic Information System to locate the points coordination data, calculating the distribution centers of the project, and optimizing the most efficient and effective coordination. The data of the calculation is from an actual project. The methodology of this paper is summarizing the spatial analysis capabilities and digital graphic data calculation to locate logistics distribution centers, and since the illustration of the calculation is useful for locating the coordination, the result of this paper has certain reference values for the project construction. Results - This paper illustrates the steel and cement resource of every distribution point to confirm the most efficient distribution center location coordination. Conclusions - The integrated logistical management models are used to ensure the results for the purposes of our calculation. The result of the calculation is also a useful example for future Chinese national projects. Keywords: ArcView, GIS, Location, Logistic, Distribution Center. JEL Classifications: A10, R4, N5, N45. 1. Introduction system planning, trying to find a fast, scientific, effective and practical planning method, focusing on the optimization of In the past, people often focused on transportation or distribution center number and spatial layout of the location warehousing when they were studying logistics distribution coordination. issues and neglected their systematic nature. Such disengagement viewpoints are often one-sided Logistics 1.1. Background distribution system planning includes the determination of the number of distribution centers, the optimization of distribution The Caofeidian(CFD) project is the largest national project center space layout location selection, and distribution route in “the Eleventh Five Year Development Plan of China”. The arrangements. This paper organically combines Geographic total investment of this project is 2 trillion Yuan until 2020. Information System (GIS) and the highway from Caofeidian From the capital city of Shijiazhuang to CFD there is a (CFD) station to the capital city of the logistics distribution highway that is 459 KM long. The total investment of this way is 13.28 billion CNY. The project started from March of 2013 and finished in July of 2016 for 36 months.. Our * This study was revised and supplemented paper published at research is based on this highway. In order to construct the winter conference of ICBE 2017. high efficient and effective logistic distribution center we had ** First Author, Dept. of International Business and Trade, have finished the calculation of the supply chain distribution KyungHee University, Korea. E-mail: [email protected] centers before the project started. We are going to use the *** Corresponding Author, Professor, Dept. of North China integrated logistical management models to ensure the University of Science and Technology, China. Tel: +86-183-3276-1869, E-mail: [email protected] calculation purpose in this paper. 28 Jun-Na Jin, Bao-Zhong Zhang / International Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business 9-8 (2018) 27-34 1.2. The Advantages of GIS Introduce to Logistics methods used to store data in a GIS for both kinds of Distribution abstractions mapping references: raster images and vector. Points, lines, and polygons are the stuff of mapped location Database technology can only solve the processing of attribute references. A new hybrid method of storing data is two-dimensional table data, CAD technology can only solve that of identifying point clouds, which combine three- the processing of pure graphics. GIS technology is combined dimensional points with RGB information at each point, with CAD technology and database technology and returning a "3D color image". GIS Thematic maps then are combined with management of spatial data such as becoming more and more realistically visually descriptive of distribution. In addition to the coordinate information function what they set out to show or determine. of the center and distribution point, it also has the functions GIS data representation is suitable for the expression and of creating a topology and performing spatial analysis, such management of spatial data. It not only supports variable- as a spatial database system. In the planning of this length records, but also supports the nesting of objects, the highway logistics distribution system, the location coordinates inheritance and aggregation of information. It allows users to of distribution center and distribution point can be define the data structure of objects and objects and its conveniently obtained through data access. in addition, the operation. It can be a spatial object. According to GIS spatial analysis and topology analysis functions can be used needs, define the appropriate data structure and a set of to automatically avoid the optimization of distribution center operations. site selection obstacle. Using GIS, the entire distribution network with geographic 2.2. Spatial Analysis with GIS background in the planning area can be intuitively displayed on the screen. Planners can easily determine the distribution Given the vast range of spatial analysis techniques that centers and lines to be selected. Flexible adjustment of have been developed over the past half century, any plans. If the planned distribution center or line is not summary or review can only cover the subject to a limited suitable for the actual situation due to special reasons, it depth. This is a rapidly changing field, and GIS packages can be easily adjusted on the map. Visibility and are increasingly including analytical tools as standard built-in interactivity. After the distribution system is planned, the user facilities or as optional toolsets, add-ins or 'analysts'. In can choose to display in the form of a map while selecting many instances such facilities are provided by the original different line types and colors to render the planned software suppliers commercial vendors or collaborative distribution center or line. noncommercial development teams, whilst in other cases facilities have been developed and are provided by third parties. Furthermore, many products offer software development 2. Implementing the Geographic Information kits (SDKs), programming languages and language support, System (GIS) to Locate the Coordination. scripting facilities and/or special interfaces for developing one’s own analytical tools or variants. The website Modern GIS technologies use digital information, for which Geospatial Analysis and associated book and e-book attempt various digitized data creation methods are used. The most to provide a reasonably comprehensive guide to the subject. common method of data creation is digitization, where a The impact of these myriad paths to perform spatial analysis hard copy map or survey plan is transferred into a digital create a new dimension to business intelligence termed medium through the use of a computer-aided design (CAD) "spatial intelligence" which, when delivered via intranet, program, and geo-referencing capabilities. With the wide democratizes access to operational sorts not usually privy to availability of ortho-rectified imagery both from satellite and this type of information. aerial sources, heads-up digitizing is becoming the main avenue through which geographic data is extracted. 2.3. Slope and Aspect Heads-up digitizing involves the tracing of geographic data directly on top of the aerial imagery instead of by the Slope, aspect and surface curvature in terrain analysis traditional method of tracing the geographic form on a are all derived from neighborhood operations using elevation separate digitizing tablet heads-down digitizing. values of a cell’s adjacent neighbors. Slope is a function of resolution, and the spatial resolution used to calculate slope 2.1. Data Representation and aspect should always be specified. The elevation at a point will have perpendicular tangents slope passing through GIS data represents real objects such as roads, land use, the point, in an east-west and north-south direction. These elevation, trees, waterways with digital data determining the two tangents give two components, ∂z/∂x and ∂z/∂y, which mix. Real objects can be divided into two abstractions: then be used to determine the overall direction of slope, discrete objects and continuous fields such as rainfall and the aspect of the slope. The gradient is defined as a amount, or elevations. Traditionally, there are two broad vector quantity with components equal to the partial Jun-Na Jin, Bao-Zhong Zhang / International Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business 9-8 (2018) 27-34 29 derivatives
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