George Harrison: This Song

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George Harrison: This Song Arnold F. Rusch AJP/PJA 2/2020 Filme (20): George Harrison: This Song 266 an He’s so fine, klagte gegen Harrison. sich zweitens anführen, dass das Ur- Die Prozesse um dieses Lied zogen sich heberrecht viel länger Bestand hat, näm- über Jahre hin und zermürbten Harrison lich 70 Jahre über den Tod des Urhebers völlig. Zur Bewältigung dieses Traumas hinaus. Dies rechtfertigt den geringeren schrieb er This Song und drehte dazu ein Schutz im Vergleich zum Patent, das nur humoristisches Video.3 während 20 Jahren Schutz bietet.6 Doch beginnen wir am Anfang. Wie Das Missbrauchspotential der Ver- entstand My Sweet Lord? George Har- teidigung mittels unabhängiger Dop- rison langweilte sich an einer Presse- pelschöpfung im Urheberrechtsstreit konferenz und schlich in einen anderen scheint indes riesig, was die umsichtige Raum. Dort begann er, musikalisch ein Beweislastverteilung durch die Gerichte bisschen herumzutüfteln. Diese Melo- erklärt.7 Insbesondere gilt es auch, stets dien gefielen ihm derart, dass er zu an- die Möglichkeit des unbewussten Ko­ deren Musikern ging und ihnen das Lied pierens auszuschliessen. Wer ein Lied vorspielte. Diese stimmten spontan in im Radio mal gehört hat und später als den Chor ein und sangen Halleluja und vermeintliche Eigenschöpfung kompo- ARNOLD F. RUSCH* Hare Krishna, wie wir es von My Sweet niert, verletzt das Urheberrecht des vor- Lord kennen.4 Hat er jetzt dieses Lied bestehenden Werks durchaus: Es geht neu erfunden, obwohl es absolut gleich dann um eine unbewusste Verwendung klingt wie He’s so fine? des Werks.8 In dieser Kolumne behandle ich nur Eine unabhängige Doppelschöpfung He’s so fine von The Chiffons war einen ganz kurzen Film: Genauer geht ist zwar denkbar, kommt aber extrem 1963 in England während sieben Wo- es um das Video zum Lied «This Song» selten vor. Weshalb sollte eigentlich die chen ein Top-Hit. Viel wahrscheinlicher von Ex­Beatle George Harrison, in dem unabhängige Doppelschöpfung im Ur­ ist deshalb, dass George Harrison das er das Trauma eines Urheberrechtspro­ heberrecht überhaupt als Verteidigung Lied unbewusst kopiert hat. Er muss zesses verarbeitet. Hinter diesen höchst offenstehen? Wer beispielsweise eine dieses Lied damals gekannt und gehört unterhaltsamen vier Minuten steckt eine bereits patentierte Erfindung unabhän- haben, was er selbst vor Gericht auch ganze Welt! gig neu erfindet und diese dann verwen- eingeräumt hat.9 Harrison hat den Pro- Kennen Sie das Lied My Sweet Lord det, verletzt ohne Wenn und Aber das zess verloren, doch räumten die Richter von George Harrison? Es ist nicht nur vorbestehende Patent. Beim Urheber- ein, dass er He’s so fine wohl unbewusst ein Lied, es ist auch ein Gebet. Harrison, recht ist das nicht so: Es knüpft an die kopiert hatte: «Did Harrison deliberate­ der auf dem Plattencover mit langen Verwendung eines bestehenden Werks ly use the music of He’s So Fine? I do Haaren selbst wie Jesus ausschaut, singt an (vgl. Art. 3 Abs. 1 URG), was bei der not believe he did so deliberately. Nev­ darin von seiner Sehnsucht nach Gott: unabhängigen Doppelschöpfung gerade ertheless, it is clear that My Sweet Lord I really wanna know you/Hallelujah/ nicht der Fall ist.5 Dieser Unterschied is the very same song as He’s So Fine I really wanna go with you/Hallelujah/ zwischen Urheberrecht und Patent lässt with different words, and Harrison had I really wanna show you, Lord/That it 1 sich hauptsächlich mit dem fehlenden access to He’s So Fine. This is, under the won’t take long, my Lord/Hallelujah! Urheberrechtsregister erklären. Das law, infringement of copyright, and is no Das 1971 veröffentlichte Lied hat aber Patentregister bezweckt, das Wissen less so even though subconsciously ac­ auch zu einer der grössten juristischen über die veröffentlichten Erfindungen complished.»10 Kontroversen geführt, denn es klingt in zu verbreiten. Unter Berücksichtigung George Harrison hat den Prozess um Teilen absolut gleich wie He’s so fine von Law & Economics-Ansätzen lässt My sweet Lord nur ganz schlecht ver- von The Chiffons2 aus dem Jahre 1963. Unglaublicher Ärger war die Folge: Bright Tunes, die Inhaberin der Rechte 3 GEORGE HARRISON, This Song, Internet: 6 SAMSON VERMONT, Independent Invention https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= as a Defense to Patent Infringement, Michi- T0i9rjTxhpY (Abruf 29.12.2019). gan Law Review 2006, 475 ff., 480 f. * ARNOLD F. RUSCH, Prof. Dr. iur., LL.M., 4 Bright Tunes Music v. Harrisongs Music, 7 Dazu mehr in ARNOLD F. RUSCH, Juris- Rechtsanwalt, Universität St. Gallen. 420 F. Supp. 177, 179. tischer Nachruf für Tom Petty, AJP 2018, 1 GEORGE HARRISON, My Sweet Lord, Inter- 5 FLORENT THOUVENIN, «Love», Oberge- 790 f., 791. net: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= richt Zürich vom 7. Juli 2009 – Urheber- 8 THOUVENIN (FN 5), 899. SP9wms6oEMo (Abruf 29.12.2019). rechtliche Schutzfähigkeit des Werkes 9 ABKCO Music v. Harrisongs Music, 722 2 THE CHIFFONS, He’s so fine, Internet: «Love» und dessen Verletzung durch Ver- F.2d 988, 997 f. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= wendung auf Uhren, sic! 2010, 889 ff., 10 Bright Tunes Music v. Harrisongs Music, rinz9Avvq6A (Abruf 29.12.2019). 898 f. 420 F. Supp. 177, 180 f. Buch _AJP_02_2020.indb 266 30.01.20 10:15 Zu guter Letzt/En fin de compte AJP/PJA 2/2020 267 George Harrison in einer Aufnahme aus dem Jahre 1977 (Dutch National Archives). daut. Die Experten und die Richter, die Eric Idle von der Komikergruppe Monty Zahlung für die Urheberrechtsverlet- den Song Strophe für Strophe und Ton Python, der mit Falsettstimme herum- zung sein sollte.11 Nun, Klein selbst für Ton analysierten – das machte ihn schreit, das Lied klinge wie Sugar Pie kaufte das Urheberrecht an He’s so fine einfach fertig. Im Frust schrieb er das Honey Bunch – ein Lied der The Four von Bright Tunes für $ 587’000 nach er- Lied This Song, in dem er die Juristen- Tops, dessen Intro Harrison im Lied gangenem Urteil über die grundsätzli- welt und den Prozess aufs Korn nahm. This Song tatsächlich anspielt, genauso che Haftung Harrisons, aber noch vor Das Video beginnt, wie ihn ein Polizist wie Little Queenie von Chuck Berry. dem Urteil über die Höhe der Zahlung. in den Gerichtssaal zerrt, wo die natür- Derselbe Idle antwortet darauf, wieder- So war Klein als Inhaber der Urheber- lich durchgeknallten Juristen und die um in Frauenkleidern und hoher Stimm- rechte plötzlich der Kläger! Das Gericht Mitglieder der Jury sitzen. Harrison lage, das Lied erinnere ihn vielmehr an setzte in der Folge die Gewinnabschöp- singt sogleich seine Verteidigung: Rescue Me von Fontella Bass, was auch fung auf $ 1’599’987 fest, war aber nicht This song has nothing tricky about it/ etwas für sich hat! Den Richter spielt bereit, diese Summe dem neuen Kläger This song ain’t black or white and as far Jim Keltner, ein bekannter Drummer, Klein zuzusprechen. Aufgrund des Ver- as I know/Don’t infringe on anyone’s der später mit George Harrison bei den trauensbruchs ordnete es an, dass Klein copyright, so... Traveling Wilburys musizierte. das Urheberrecht an He’s so fine für die Der Text ist voller Anspielungen: Um die Frustration Harrisons zu ver- von ihm selbst bezahlten $ 587’000 an This tune has nothing Bright about it/ vollständigen, fand auch noch ein mas- Harrison zu übertragen habe – vor ame- This tune ain’t bad or good and come siver Vertrauensbruch statt. Sein Mana- rikanischen Gerichten bezeichnet man ever what may/My expert tells me it’s ger Allen B. Klein wechselte sozusagen dies als einen constructive trust.12 Ein okay. bei laufendem Prozess die Seiten. Er wahrlich salomonischer Entscheid, des- Bright bezog sich auf Bright Tunes verhandelte zuerst im Namen Harrisons sen Eleganz sprachlos macht! Music Corporation, bei der das Urhe- über die Streitbeilegung durch den mög- berrecht an He’s so fine lag. Es war ihm lichen Erwerb aller Aktien der Bright sogar ein Anliegen, im Lied die indepen­ Tunes. Nach der Trennung von Harrison 11 ABKCO Music v. Harrisongs Music, 508 dent creation bzw. das subconscious co­ wollte Klein selbst Bright Tunes kau- F. Supp. 798, 802. pying zu thematisieren: fen – zum Teil mit sehr hohen Offerten 12 ABKCO Music v. Harrisongs Music, 508 As this song came to me/Quite un­ und vertraulichen Informationen, so dass F. Supp. 798, 802 f.; grundsätzlich bestä- knowingly/This song could be you could die Vergleichsbereitschaft von Bright tigt in ABKCO Music v. Harrisongs Music, 722 F.2d 988, 996 f., insb. 996: «A cons­ be ... Tunes gegenüber Harrison massiv ab- tructive trust is then the remedial device Das Video enthält auch musikalische nahm. Diese dachten, Klein wisse besser through which preference of self is made Anspielungen: Man sieht in der Jury als alle anderen Akteure, wie hoch die subordinate to loyalty to others.» Buch _AJP_02_2020.indb 267 30.01.20 10:16.
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