Walking Among Trees Us in Our Country and Lives
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Inorganic Chemistry for Dummies® Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Inorganic Chemistry Inorganic Chemistry by Michael L. Matson and Alvin W. Orbaek Inorganic Chemistry For Dummies® Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River St. Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774 www.wiley.com Copyright © 2013 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey Published simultaneously in Canada No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except as permitted under Sections 107 or 108 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act, without either the prior written permis- sion of the Publisher, or authorization through payment of the appropriate per-copy fee to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, (978) 750-8400, fax (978) 646-8600. Requests to the Publisher for permission should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, (201) 748-6011, fax (201) 748-6008, or online at http://www.wiley. com/go/permissions. Trademarks: Wiley, the Wiley logo, For Dummies, the Dummies Man logo, A Reference for the Rest of Us!, The Dummies Way, Dummies Daily, The Fun and Easy Way, Dummies.com, Making Everything Easier, and related trade dress are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the United States and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. All other trade- marks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. -
Creating Tourism Destinations of Underground Built Heritage—The Cases of Salt Mines in Poland, Portugal, and Romania
sustainability Article Creating Tourism Destinations of Underground Built Heritage—The Cases of Salt Mines in Poland, Portugal, and Romania Kinga Kimic 1,* , Carlos Smaniotto Costa 2 and Mihaela Negulescu 3 1 Department of Landscape Architecture, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences—SGGW, Nowoursynowska Street 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland 2 Interdisciplinary Research Centre for Education and Development, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal; [email protected] 3 Faculty of Urban Planning, Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urban Planning, Academiei Street 18-20, 010014 Bucharest, Romania; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Salt mines, a significant category of local, regional, national, and/or European underground heritage, are becoming attractive tourism destinations. This paper examines three cases of salt mining in different European countries, namely Wieliczka in Poland, Campina de Cima in Portugal, and Turda in Romania. They are analyzed in the context of history, typical attributes of their attractiveness, and new uses after the salt extraction was or is going to be stopped, in order to detect their unique values as important assets for both Underground Built Heritage (UBH) and Salt Heritage Tourism (SHT). The results of their comparison show that despite a positive impact related to their protection as cultural and industrial heritage, there are also some negative aspects related to increasing costs Citation: Kimic, K.; Smaniotto Costa, C.; Negulescu, M. Creating Tourism of their maintenance and adaptation of salt mines to new functions and to meet the tourism needs. Destinations of Underground Built By putting in place measures to enhance the awareness of their values and for activating the local Heritage—The Cases of Salt Mines in community, the three mines are showcases for the economic outputs for their sites and regions, as Poland, Portugal, and Romania. -
Trip to Salina Turda
HEALTHY LIFESTYLE MULTICULTURAL COMENIUS PROJECT Project Coordinator: Prof. dr. Marusca Ioana-Angela The “Horizon” School Center of Inclusive Education Oradea No. 3 Traian Lalescu Street 410174 Oradea Bihor County ROMANIA Telephone: 0040259411865 E-mail: cseiorizont.oradea@yahoo Trip to Salina Turda The 20nd of May 2014 ORADEA The trip is an activity proposed calendar of activities in the second year of the Comenius Multilateral Project "Healthy Lifestyle". Themed trip to Salina Turda aimed at teaching students to keep a healthy environment, but also to use the riches of nature to keep us healthy (natural treatments performed in a saline). Since this salt has adequate facilities to carry out sports activities and recreeative, the trip was organized as an activity in the Club Sport Comenius Multilateral Project "Healthy Lifestyle". Students were impressed by what they have seen during the departure and remained with fond memories of both sights visited this occasion realizing a beautiful album of photos that have contributed and their carers. The project team SALINA TURDA Short history Roman occupation in Dacia, marks the beginning of a systematic exploitation of mining iron ore polymetallic gold, silver and salt in Transylvania. Salt exploitation in Roman times is probably ,but a clear evidence of this activity are lacking, it is conceivable that the great medieval and modern exploitation (until the first third of the twentieth century) as the vaults in the old mines collapses, followed by appearance of salt lakes to be destroyed the marks of ancient mining (galleries, shafts, gears, etc.). In 1876, the mine gallery track “Ghizela” intercepted existence of underground mining work which nothing was known in the moment when making the gallery. -
Soil Analysis Research Papers Summer 2014
Soil Analysis Research Papers Summer 2014 Chapter 1: Luisa A. Gil EFFECT OF ROAD SALT ON SOIL PH NEAR PARKING LOTS Chapter 2: Carlos A. Cobo Soil Acidity of the SAC Parking Lot and ESS Building at Stony Brook University Chapter 3: Bianca Paul HOW VEGETATION WOULD SURVIVE IN SOIL AFFECTED BY ACID RAIN ON STONY BROOK CAMPUS Chapter 4: Steeve A.D. THE ACIDITY OF SOIL NEAR PAVED PATHS ON THESTONY BROOK CAMPUS Chapter 5: Alexander Kling The Comparison between pH and Distance from Unpaved Paths on Stony Brook University Chapter 1: EFFECT OF ROAD SALT ON SOIL PH NEAR PARKING LOTS Luisa A. Gil 1. Objective Acid rain has been affecting Long Island for the past several decades. Scientists have conducted experiments to assess the harmful repercussions of acidity in the soil yet the magnitude of the increase in acid rain has not been unequivocally established (Cowling, 1982 and Cogbill et al., 1984 and Schindler, 1988). Acids and bases are measured by what is known as the pH scale: solutions with a pH of less than 7 are acidic; those with a pH greater than 7 are basic; those with a pH of 7 are neutral (Hedin and Likens, 1996). During the winter here on Long Island, road salt is regularly used. Salt lowers the freezing temperature of water and thus melts street-clogging snow and ice. The salt neutralizes the acidity in the soil and raises the pH. My objective was to analyze the pH patterns of de-icing salt in soil near two parking lots, with and without a concrete curb. -
Nitrates, Water and Salt: Maintaining the Fertility of Agriculture ______
______________________________________________________ Nitrates, Water and Salt: Maintaining the Fertility of Agriculture ______________________________________________________ D.S.G. POLLOCK Department of Economics, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K. ______________________________________________________ The fertility of the soil depends on an ample supply of nitrogen compounds and on a variety of other nutrients and trace elements. The supply of nitrates by natural means has posed a limit to productivity since the inception of agriculture; and the avoidance of soil salination has been a necessity in many environments. Since the invention of an industrial process for fixing atmospheric nitrogen (the Haber Process), there has been an ample supply of nitrates in the form of chemical fertilizers, capable of sustaining agriculture worldwide, and enabling it to feed the burgeoning human population. The growth in agricultural supply has been attributable, in the second half of the 20th century, to the combined agency of hybrid crop species, chemical fertilisers and irrigation. Now, at the beginning of the 21st century, the problem of soil salination is limiting this growth and threatening to reverse it. THE NITROGEN CYCLE We are often surprised by the sparse and seemingly inhospitable environments in which plants will grow. They will sometimes thrive in the absence of soil in a glass jar containing nothing but tap water. Indeed, the process of growing plants in water without soil and with a few added nutrients has been proposed as the ultimate recourse for deriving our foodstuffs in an imagined world lacking sufficient free land in which to practice the traditional methods of agriculture. This method of cultivating plants has been called hydroponics. -
Brother G's Cyclopedia
Brother G’s Cyclopedia Of Comparative Mythology 210 building blocks for the aspiring mythopoet B c d e f g h k l m t u Dedicated To Messrs. Mircea Eliade and Hugh Nibley, who introduced a young boy to comparative mythology. To Lord Dunsany and Mr. H. P. Lovecraft, who pioneered the art of literary mythopoeia. And To Messrs. M. A. R. Barker and J. R. R. Tolkien, who taught us that master worldbuilders must be referred to by three initials and a last name. Table of Contents Introduction…………………………………………………………………...................................1 From Acosmism to Writing ………………………………………………………………….....x Appendix A: Non-Standard Portfolios………………………………………………………...x Appendix B: Epithets and Fusions……………………………………………………………..x Appendix C: Meta-Theory…………………………………………………………………......... x Appendix D: Story-starting Phrases…………………………………………………………… x Appendix E: Bringing It Together……………………………………………………………… x Appendix F: Random Tables…………………………………………………………………... x 1 Introduction Appendix A: Appendix B: Appendix C: If the main entry concerns itself chiefly with ideas of religion and mythology, then Appendix C concerns itself chiefly with ideas about religion and mythology. Appendix D: Appendix E: Appendix F: Include reading list 2 A solar vehicle is a mode of transportation used by the sun to make its journey across the sky and anywhere else that it goes (such as the underworld). It is most commonly a barge or chariot. Depictions of solar barges date to the Neolithic and are older than the sun chariot. Examples include the solar barge of Ra (Egyptian) and the chariots of Apollo (Greek) and Surya (Hindu). A world tree is an AXIS MUNDI. Typically its roots reach the UNDERWORLD (represented as either earth or water) and its branches (inhabited by birds) the OVERWORLD in order to connect them to each other and to the phenomenal world. -
Uci-Olli-Wrh-Lecture-5-Metals-2-02-14-17-Ed
LECTURE # 5 1 METALS (cont’d) 2 IRON (Fe = Ferrum) 7 3 METALS Year of Discovery • 6000 BC - GOLD • 1781 - MOLYBDENUM • 4000 BC - SILVER • 1789 - URANIUM • 4200 BC - COPPER • 1791 - TITANIUM • 3500 BC - LEAD • 1797 - CHROMIUM • 1750 BC - TIN • 1803 - PALLADIUM • 1500 BC - IRON • 1817 – LITHIUM • 750 BC - MERCURY • 1817 – CADMIUM • 1746 - ZINC • 1827 – ALUMINUM • 1751 - NICKEL • 1830 - VANADIUM • 1753 - BISMUTH • 1898 - POLONIUM • 1755 - MAGNESIUM • 1898 – RADIUM • 1757 - PLATINUM 4 Metals in Earth Crust Parts per million Iron 50,000 Copper 70 Lead 16 Tin 2 Silver 0.1 Gold 0.005 E. MORAN - 2017 5 Bronze and Iron Ages 6 IRON 35% of Earth’s mass as Fe-Ni alloy 5% of Earth’s crust Fourth most abundant in the Earth’s crust Found as oxides: hematite (oxide), limonite (hydroxide), magnesite (carbonate), and siderite (carbonate) Large deposits of iron sulfate (pyrite) Easily oxidized rust. Red spots and bands on rocks Pure iron is soft. Hardened with addition of coal Important element in human body (Red cells hemoglobin) E. MORAN - 2017 7 Iron Timeline 3500 BC – Egypt – iron meteoritic (7.5% nickel) soft 3000-2700 BC – Mesopotamia – First iron production ~1500 BC – Melting point was too high for ancient furnaces: Copper’s melting point = 1,085°C Tin’s melting point = 232°C Iron’s melting point = 1,538°C Heating and hammering was used 1500-1200 – Hittites – Made high temp. kilns First to smelt iron IRON AGE E. MORAN - 2017 8 Iron Timeline (cont’d) India 1200 BC - Greece 1100 BC - Roman Era - Celtic expansion - Europe - SE Africa 800 BC Large scale iron production - 1200-1000 BC 1000 BC –Carbon from charcoal was transferred to iron good steel 513 BC – Chinese made furnace capable of melting iron 18th Cent. -
Mansa Musa I of Mali: Gold, Salt, and Storytelling in Medieval West Africa
Case Study #16 April 2020 Mansa Musa I of Mali: Gold, Salt, and Storytelling in Medieval West Africa Fig. 1: the Malian Empire at the time of Musa’s death (source: Wikipedia Commons) In 1312, the reigning emperor of Mali – Mansa Abubakari Keita II – sent 200 manned boats and 100 support boats containing supplies to sail until they found the edge of the Atlantic. After a long excursion, one boat returned. Its captain bore only a horror story about the whirlpool that had swallowed his comrades. Unimpressed (and perhaps obsessed) the emperor chose to make the expedition himself – this time with a retinue of 3,000 ships. He chose his deputy, Musa – a member of the court with no blood relation to the king – to act as ruler in his absence. The deliberate appointment, untainted by the hereditary rule that has produced so many poor monarchs, is likely a testament to the character and abilities of Musa. Abubakari Keita never returned; some believe he might have reached South America.1 Regardless of his final resting place, Mali was not destined to become a seafaring empire, and instead of the west, Musa looked to the east. With his feet firmly on dry land, the successor Mansa Musa of Mali (‘Mansa’ meaning emperor, conqueror, or sultan) became the richest man in history – a wealth that grew alongside Mali’s This case study was prepared by Charlie Harris. Case study editor: Prof. Christopher McKenna, University of Oxford Creative Commons Copyright: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) 1 territory during his reign. -
BASEBALL August 6, 2015
elcome to Huggins and Scott Auctions, the Nation's fastest growing Sports & W Americana Auction House. With this catalog, we are presenting another extensive list of sports cards and memorabilia, plus an array of his- torically significant Americana items. We hope you enjoy this. V E RY I M P O RTA N T: Due to size constraints and the cost factor in the print version of most catalogs, we are unable to include all pic- tures and elaborate descriptions on every single lot in the auction. However, our website has no limitations, so we have added many more photos and a much more elaborate description on virtually every item on our website. Well worth checking out if you are serious about a lot! WEBSITE: WWW. H U G G I N S A N D S C O T T. C O M Here's how we are running our August 6, 2015 high bid for, and which lots you have been outbid on. IF YOU auction: HAVE NOT PLACED A BID ON AN ITEM BEFORE 10:00 pm EST (on the night the item ends), YOU CANNOT BID ON BIDDING BEGINS: THAT ITEM AFTER 10:00 pm EST, in the extended bidding Monday July 27, 2015 at 12:00pm Eastern Ti m e session (STEP 2). However, at 10:00 pm on August 6th, if you are the only bidder on an item that ends that day, that Our auction was designed years ago and still remains item will close and you will be declared the winner. We can- geared toward affordable vintage items for the serious collec- not stress enough; you will want to get your bids in early. -
Debut Year Player Hall of Fame Item Grade 1871 Doug Allison Letter
PSA/DNA Full LOA PSA/DNA Pre-Certified Not Reviewed The Jack Smalling Collection Debut Year Player Hall of Fame Item Grade 1871 Doug Allison Letter Cap Anson HOF Letter 7 Al Reach Letter Deacon White HOF Cut 8 Nicholas Young Letter 1872 Jack Remsen Letter 1874 Billy Barnie Letter Tommy Bond Cut Morgan Bulkeley HOF Cut 9 Jack Chapman Letter 1875 Fred Goldsmith Cut 1876 Foghorn Bradley Cut 1877 Jack Gleason Cut 1878 Phil Powers Letter 1879 Hick Carpenter Cut Barney Gilligan Cut Jack Glasscock Index Horace Phillips Letter 1880 Frank Bancroft Letter Ned Hanlon HOF Letter 7 Arlie Latham Index Mickey Welch HOF Index 9 Art Whitney Cut 1882 Bill Gleason Cut Jake Seymour Letter Ren Wylie Cut 1883 Cal Broughton Cut Bob Emslie Cut John Humphries Cut Joe Mulvey Letter Jim Mutrie Cut Walter Prince Cut Dupee Shaw Cut Billy Sunday Index 1884 Ed Andrews Letter Al Atkinson Index Charley Bassett Letter Frank Foreman Index Joe Gunson Cut John Kirby Letter Tom Lynch Cut Al Maul Cut Abner Powell Index Gus Schmeltz Letter Phenomenal Smith Cut Chief Zimmer Cut 1885 John Tener Cut 1886 Dan Dugdale Letter Connie Mack HOF Index Joe Murphy Cut Wilbert Robinson HOF Cut 8 Billy Shindle Cut Mike Smith Cut Farmer Vaughn Letter 1887 Jocko Fields Cut Joseph Herr Cut Jack O'Connor Cut Frank Scheibeck Cut George Tebeau Letter Gus Weyhing Cut 1888 Hugh Duffy HOF Index Frank Dwyer Cut Dummy Hoy Index Mike Kilroy Cut Phil Knell Cut Bob Leadley Letter Pete McShannic Cut Scott Stratton Letter 1889 George Bausewine Index Jack Doyle Index Jesse Duryea Cut Hank Gastright Letter -
1940-09-15 [P
* * SLAUGHTER DETROIT TIGERS, 16-7 YANKS * . .. a. * * + + + * ★ * ★ ★ ★ ★ * * + 56.697 ATCH Wildcats To Play Seven Home Games Daring Grid Season CHAMPIONS WIN ______*■ Civitans Duke Team Lions Club Trounces Reserves Upset Lifts New Yorkers State’s Civitan Rifle SALE OF DUCATS Triumph First 20 To Within Two Games Of To Win Civic Softball Trophy Team, T0 7 First Place TO OPEN MONDAY DURHAM, Sept. The Lions club won the city civic finals. Last year the Civitans whip- 14—(JP)_j.Jn- Steve Lach and club softball the Kiwanians and Rotarians Sophomore til Of Con- service championship ped tat Storer BY DALE STAFORD. Five, Possibly Six turned in defeating the Civitans 12 to 7 to reach the finals, where they brilliant indi' three by viduai exhibitions Yankee power, dormant for tests, Will Be Played to lead the n„t* in the finals of th eannual round were turned back by the Exchang- Reserves to with a surprise "’0 7 games, exploded old-fasi^on- Under Lights at Rob- ites. over the world robin series Friday night tory first team L ed violence today as the ert In the finals night, the intrasquad game here this aft the Detroit Strange playground. Friday iler* champions slaughtered blomme noon. ol by glenward The lightly regarded Lions, the Lions and Ciivitans battled-to a 2 16 to 7, before a crowd Lach scored all Tigers, sale of season tickets title who were de- to 2 deadlock in the three of the p The annual 1938 holders, opening serves’ fans. at home 2 touchdowns and all 56.697 or football games played throned last year by the Ijxchange frames. -
Meeting Agenda for the Citizen Advisory Committee of the Comfort Lake-Forest Lake Watershed District
MEETING AGENDA FOR THE CITIZEN ADVISORY COMMITTEE OF THE COMFORT LAKE-FOREST LAKE WATERSHED DISTRICT Tuesday, January 7th, 2020 5:00 – 6:30 p.m. Comfort Lake-Forest Lake Watershed District 44 Lake Street South, Suite A, Forest Lake, Minnesota 55025 1. Watershed Activities Update [District Staff] a) 12-19-19 Administrator’s Report b) Other 2. Bone Lake Tree Project [Committee – Tom Furey] 3. 2020 State of the Watershed & Watershed Champion Award [District Staff] 4. 2020 Committee Goals and Initiatives [Committee] a) SMART goals initiatives worksheet 5. Election of Chairperson [Committee] 44 Lake St. South, Suite A Forest Lake, MN 55025 651-395-5850 | [email protected] COMFORT LAKE Mike Kinney • • Administrator/M.S. FOREST LAKE 44 Lake Street South, Suite A 651.395.5855 Forest Lake, MN 55025 [email protected] TO: Comfort Lake-Forest Lake Watershed District (CLFLWD) Board of Managers DATE: December 12, 2019 RE: District Administrator’s Report for the December 19th Regular Board Meeting Administration (1000 series) • 1001 – Board Administration o Annual MAWD Conference: Managers Anderson, Dibble and Schmaltz attended the MN Association of Watershed Districts (MAWD) annual conference along with Citizen Advisory Committee (CAC) member, Curt Sparks, and staff members Mike and Jessica. Mike and Emmons & Olivier Resources (EOR) staff presented on two topics: Demonstrating Quantifiable Progress Toward Water Goals and Implementation and Assessment of a Targeted Street Sweeping Program. o Staff compiled financial information and worked on designing an informational booklet template at the request of Manager Anderson to be used as a potential template for all MAWD members at the upcoming legislative session.