Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
Survey On Trees In District Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
Dr. Yashwant Rai Green Planet Welfare Association Meerut, U.P. INDIA
ABSTRACT : A study was conducted in all Keywords: Tree, Meerut, Survey, Multipurpose, area of Meerut district during March 2009 to conservation. November 2015 to investigate the Multipurpose use Trees diversity. Some trees species recorded INTRODUCTION all parts of Meerut but some tees species (rare) recorded in few parts of Meerut. A total of 101 Meerut is having prestigious space in the Indian species of trees belonged to 89 genera under 37 history. The first revolution for freedom of India families were recorded for the first time. The was started here itself in 1857 by great son of family Leguminosae was found to be dominant this soil Mangal Pandey. Capital of Kauravs & with (18 species) followed by Apocynaceae (07 Pandavas was at Hastinapur. Meerut is 65 km species), Moraceae (07 species), Meliaceae (05 away from the National Capital Territory. Fertile species), Euphorbiaceae (04 species), land of Meerut for growing many species of tree. Lythraceaev (04 species), Rubiaceae (04 The total forest area in the Meerut district is species), Bignoniaceae (03 species), 21,314 hectare. Trees are an important part of Combretaceae (3 species), Myrtaceae (03 life. Since the beginning, trees have furnished us species), Rosaceae (03 species), Rutaceae (03 with two of life's essentials, food and oxygen. species), Sterculiaceae (03 species), Trees contribute to their environment by Anacardiaceae (02 species), Asclepiadaceae (02 purifiers air quality, climate amelioration, Water species), Bombacaceae (02 species), purifiers, conserving water, preserving soil, and Boraginaceae (02 species), Ebenaceae ( 02 supporting wildlife. They also lower the air species), Malvaceae (02 species), Sapindaceae temperature and reduce the heat intensity of the (02 species) Sapotaceae (2 species), Ulmaceae greenhouse effect by maintaining low levels of (02 species), Verbinaceae (02 species), carbon dioxide. Trees are of exceptionally high Annonaceae (01 species), Arecaceae (01 ecological, socioeconomic and cultural species), Capparaceae (01 species), Caricaceae importance. As the principal biomass component (01 species), Casuarinaceae (01 species), of forest ecosystems, they provide habitat for at Loginaceae (1 species), Moringaceae (01 least of Earth’s terrestrial biodiversity species), Oleaceae (01 species), Proteaceae (01 (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005), species), Putranjivaceae (01 species), supporting 80% of amphibian, 75% of bird and Rhamnaceae (01 species), Salicaceae (01 68% of mammal species (Vié et al., 2009). Trees species), Santalaceae (01 species) and and forest ecosystems provide a wide range of Simaroubaceae (01 species). All the species are benefits to people including production of commercially and ecologically multipurpose use timber, fuel wood and fiber, and ecosystem such as medicinal, dye, timber, wildlife services such as clean water, flood protection conservation, ornamental, phytoremediation and and prevention of soil erosion from watersheds, avenue trees. The present study emphasizes the as well as being of high cultural and spiritual need multipurpose tree species and their value (Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, conservation and sustenance for future 2005; UNEP, 2009). Some 1.6 billion people generation and wildlife. depend directly on trees for their livelihoods (World Bank, 2004), and forest industries
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
contribute around $468 billion annually to the are currently recorded as threatened with global economy (FAO, 2011). Leguminous trees extinction at the global scale (Oldfield et al., have nodulation or nitrogen fixation ability 1998; Newton and Oldfield, 2008). However, (Sprent, 2001). Forest trees used for wood and information is lacking on the status and as an ornamental, mainly along the streets and distribution of many suspected rare species of avenue trees. It also helps to reduce trees, and the true figure is likely to be much environmental pollution (Lorenzi, 1992). higher. Trees are of exceptional ecological Among many woody species well adapted and importance, providing habitat for a wide range commonly used multipurpose fruit trees of other organisms. Many of these trees also intensively exploited for fruits, seeds, fodder, benefit people, and are associated with social, wood and traditional medicine (Okafor, 1991). economic or cultural values. Consequently, their Moreover, fruit tree species contribute to continued decline or loss can have a major overcome nutritional problems and are important impact on human wellbeing. In the present sources of income for rural communities (Ambé, study, a total of 101 species of trees were 2001).The loss and degradation of forest collected along with the documentation of ecosystems resulting from human activity are significant information regarding their scientific major causes of global biodiversity loss (UNEP, names, common names, families and used for 2009; Vié et al., 2009). Clearance of population different purposes. It is, therefore, very growth, mining, urbanization and industrial necessary to document the useful multipurpose development all contribute to the loss of tree and conserve it for future generations and species in the Meerut. There is an urgent need to biodiversity conservation. conserve tree species. Around 7,800 tree species
Fig. A : Map of Meerut District
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
MATERIALS AND METHODS Diospyros virginiana, Dombeya natalensis , The study was conducted in Meerut District Drypetes roxburghii, Ehretia laevis, Emblica during March 2009 to September 2015. The officinalis,Erythrina indica, Fernandoa survey was done months March, May and adenophylla, Ficus benghalensis, Ficus September 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2015 religiosa, Hamelia patens, Grevillea robusta, on the all area of Meerut. Study area, Meerut Holoptelea integrifolia, Jacaranda mimosifolia, district is located between 77º. 00’ and 78º. 00’ Kigella Africana, Lagerstroemia indica, longitude East and 28º. 54’ & 29º. 15’ latitude Lagerstroemia speciosa, Leucaena North. Fig. A. The temperature of the district is leucocephala, Mangifera indica, Melia varies from 4º C in winter to 48º C in summer. azedarach, Mimusops elengi, Moringa oleifolia, The rainy session normally starts in the end of Morus alba, Murraya koenigii, Nerium indicum, June month. The average rainfall is about 686 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Phoenix dactylifera, mm. Meerut district comprises of 676 villages Pithecellobium dulce, Plumeria obtuse, under 12 blocks. The survey involved field work Polyalthia longifolia, Pongamia pinnata, and multipurpose use of tree information Prosopis juliflora, Psidium guajava, collected from local peoples and various Pterospermum acerifolium, Ricinus communis, research papers. Trees observed were two Syzygium cumini, Tamarindus indica, Tectona groups common (found in many areas of Meerut grandis, Terminalia arjuna, Thevetia peruviana, district) and rare (found in few areas of Meerut Toona ciliata, Ziziphus mauritiana, these district). Tree species were photo-documented species are recorded in many parts of Meerut. by Sony Digital camera model no. DSC HX1, But Adenanthera pavonina, Adina cordifolia, during the study period. Species identity, were Aphanamixis polystachya, Artocarpus confirmed with the help of the books by R.K. hetrophyllus, Artocarpus lakoocha, Butea Chakraverty and S. K. Jain (1984), P. Krishen monosperma, Casuarina equisetifolia, Celtis (2006), P. V. Prasanna et al (2012) and Y. Rai tetrandra, Chorisia insignis, Chukrasia (2015). tabularis, Cordia dichotoma, Creteva adansonii, Diospros melanoxylon, Eriobotrya RESULTS AND DISCUSSION japonica, Ficus glomerata, Helicteres isora, In present survey study investigation, the multi Holarrhea antidysenterica, kydia calycina, use tree species were recorded. Totally there are Laserstroemia alba, Lawsonia inermis, Limonia 101 of tree species belonging to 37 families and acidissima, litchi chinensis, Madhuca indica, 89 genera were recorded. Acacia catechu, Prunus persica, Pyrus communis, Salix Acacia nilotica, Aegle marmelos. Ailanthes tetraphylla, Santalum album, Sapindus excels, Albizia lebbeck, Alstonia scholaris, mukrossi, Securinega virosa, Spondias pinnata, Anthocephalus cadamba, Azadirachta indica, Sterculia foetida, Streblus asper, Strychnos nux- Bauhinia variegata var candida, Bombax ceiba, vomica, Tamilnadia uliginosa, Terminalia Calliandra haematocephala, Callistemon bellirica, Terminalia chiubula, Trewia viminalis, Calotropis gigantea, Calotropis nudiflora, Vitex negundo, Wrighta arborea, procera, Carica papaya, Carissa carandas, these are recorded in few parts of Meerut. A Cassia fistula, Cassia siamea, Cassia complete result clear in the Table 1,Table 2 and spectabilis, Dalbergia sissoo, Delonix regia, Fig B 101 photographs. .
TABLE :1 Trees of Meerut district Uttar Pradesh Sr. Botanical Name Common Location & Status Uses No. Name 1 Acacia catechu Khair Mostly Hastinapur Source of kattha, which is astringent, forest and many areas of digestive and useful in ailments of Meerut throat, mouth, gums, cough and diarrhoea. Nitrogen fixing and timber.
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Page 595
Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
2 Acacia nilotica Babool Hastinapur forest and It is also useful in diabetes, cure skin many areas of Meerut diseases and bleeding piles. Nitrogen fixing and timber. 3 Adenanthera Red sandal Gotaka village Sardhna, A. pavonina is also known as a “food pavonina wood demoli village and tree”, because its seeds are often eaten Jaisinghpur village by people. The ground seeds are used to Meerut By Dr. treat boils and inflammatory reactions. Yashwant Rai) Decoction of leaves is used to treat gout (only 5 trees in Meerut) and rheumatism A red powder made from the wood is used as an antiseptic paste. Bark used to wash hair. Nitrogen fixing and timber. 4 Adina cordifolia Haldu Meerut Cant and few The bark of tree is used for the treatment areas of Meerut) of cough jaundice, stomachache and ulcer. Avenue tree and yielding timber. 5 Aegle marmelos Bael Sanjay Van and many Fruit is used dysentery, constipation, areas of Meerut peptic ulcer& Internal hemorrhages. Root and bark is used in fever and leaves used in diabetes. Flowers are source of nectar for many insects. 6 Ailanthes excelsa Mharukh Mostly Hastinapur Its leaves and bitter bark is used as a forest and Many areas of tonic and for curing fever, bronchitis and Meerut dyspepsia. 7 Albizia lebbeck Siris Sanjay Van and many Oil from seeds used in leprosy& purities areas of Meerut of skin. Ornamental, and timber yielding. 8 Alstonia scholaris Chatian Many areas of Meerut Bark is used in malaria. It is a hyperaccumulator for polluted soils. 9 Anthocephalus Kadamba Sanjay Van and many The use of dried stem bark in disorders cadamba areas of Meerut. of female genital tract and bleeding disorders. Fruits are source of food for many species of birds. Avenue trees, Ornamental Timber yielding 10 Aphanamixis Pithraj Vedvias puri and sanjay The stem barks of Aphanamixis polystachya Van Meerut By Dr. polystachya is used traditionally in Yashwant treatment of tumors, cancer and (only 2 tree in Meerut) rheumatism. 11 Artocarpus Kathal Gandhi bagh and Fruits edible as vegetable . The latex can hetrophyllus Hastinapur forest and be used as chewing gum The ripe fruit is few areas of Meerut. eaten fresh or is processed into numerous delicacies including jam, jelly, and chutney. It also makes an excellent dried fruit or preserved candy when combined with sugar or honey. The pulp is also used as a flavoring in ice cream and drinks. 12 Artocarpus Barhal Railway Colony City The fruits are used to tonic for the liver. lakoocha station and Baffar Timber yielding. Bumba Baghpat road Meerut 13 Azadirachta indica Neem mostly village and many Leaves are antiseptic used in wounds, parts of Meerut skin disease, eczema, burn. Seed is used for hair care and dandruff. Twig is used
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
as tooth brush and in measles. Fruits are food source for many species of birds. 14 Bauhinia variegata Kachnar Hastinapur forest and Decoction of roots is carminative and var candida many parts of Meerut prevent obesity. Bark is used as anthelmintic.. Dried buds used in diarrhea, dysentery and piles. Leaves. Source of nectar many birds and honey bees. 15 Bombax ceiba Semal Mostly Hastinapur Root is stimulant& tonic prickles used to forest And many parts cure pimples. Flowers are source of of Meerut nectar for many species of birds, insects and mammals. 16 Butea monosperma Palash Hastinapur forest and Leaf extract is used against pimples and Ghat Village Meerut tumors; bark powder is used orally for menstrual disorders and flower paste is applied externally skin disease. Root is used in snake poisoning. Dye-Flowers yield a yellowish orange dye. Nectar- Flowers are provide nectar to many birds and honey bees 17 Calliandra Red powder Sanjay Van and many Bark is medicinally used to cure gum haematocephala puff areas of Meerut. diseases, also used in toothpaste. Ornamental small tree 18 Callistemon Bottle brus Sanjay Van and many Volatile oils has been used as viminalis areas of Meerut. antimicrobial and antifungal agents. Flowers are source of nectar. It is grow in gardens for ornamental purpose. 19 Calotropis gigantea Madar Mostly Waste land and Juice from the plant is used to cure piles. many areas of Meerut Root bark is made into a paste and applied to treat elephantiasis. Flower decoctions are good digestive and also cure stomachache. Nectar source for butterflies, xylocopa and sunbirds. Hyperacccumulator small tree for polluted land. 20 Calotropis procera Madar Mostly waste land and The smoke from the burning leaves is many areas of Meerut inhaled for the cure of asthma and cough. A paste of the charcoal prepared from roots mixed with some bland oil is applied over skin diseases. Hyperacccumulator. Nectar source for many insects and birds. 21 Carica papaya Papaya Mostly village and The ripe fruit is considered to be good Many parts of Meerut. for digestive troubles and skin diseases. The seeds are used as a vermifuge. The unripe fruit is used in curries and also preserved and Pickled
22 Carissa carandas Karanda Many parts of Meerut. The fruits are rich source of iron, so its used in treatment of anaemia. Fruits are used for jam, syrup and chutney. 23 Cassia fistula Amaltas Mostly nai sabgi Mandi It is useful in skin diseases, cardiac
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
and many areas of disorders, and intermittent fever and also Meerut. as an anti-inflammatory. 24 Cassia siamea Kassod Sanjay van and many The flowers are eaten in curry. The areas of Meerut. wood is used in Burma for mallets, shelves and walking-sticks because of its hardness and durability
25 Cassia spectabilis Sanjay van Medicinal ,Ornamental, and timber 26 Casuarina Whistling pine CCS University Meerut Commonly cultivated in gardens equisetifolia nitrogen fixing and timber 27 Celtis tetrandra Khrik Jaisinghpur Village and The juice from the seeds is used in the few areas of Meerut treatment of indigestion 28 Chorisia insignis White floss Rajban Meerut The cotton inside the fruit pods, silk tree (only 1 tree) although not of as good quality as that of the kapok tree, has been used as stuffing, soft and flexible, and is employed in packaging, to ake canoes, as wood pulp to make paper, and in ropes. From the seeds it is possible to obtain vegetable oil. Nectar source for many insects and birds 29 Chukrasia tabularis Chikrasi D.N.college and many It is used in skeletal fractures, while the areas of Meerut bark is a powerful astringent used against diarrhoea. Wood used for high class furniture. 30 Cordia dichotoma Lasora Sanjay Van and few The fruits are used against cholera, areas of Meerut. dropsy and dysentery. Dye-Leaves yield a brownish black dye 31 Creteva adansonii Barna Nai fruit mandi and few The fresh juice of leaves is useful as a Meerut tonic. Bark cures urinary bladder stones. (about 3 tree) Avenue Timber yielding 32 Dalbergia sissoo Shisham Many parts of Meerut Juice of leaves cure apthalus ulcer and used as gargles in sore throat. Root is used in gonorrhea. Timber yielding and Nitrogen fixing. 33 Delonix regia Gulmohur Mostly Nai fruit mandi It is a good tree to control soil erosion. and many areas of Ornamental, and Nitrogen fixing Meerut 34 Diospros Tendu Gotaka village Sardhna The edible fruits are largely eaten and melanoxylon Meerut disseminated by fruit bats and birds, (only 2 trees) notably hornbills. The fruits and powdered seeds are sold in local markets and eaten. The fruits have a cooling and an astringent effect. Dried flowers are reportedly useful in urinary, skin and blood diseases. Leaves are used to make Cigars commonly known as Beedi 35 Diospyros Persimmon Mostly Hastinapur The fruit is also fermented virginiana forest Meerut with hops, cornmeal or wheat bran into a sort of beer or made into brandy 36 Dombeya natalensis Ajuba CCS University and R. Root is used in ulcers. Ornamental G. college Meerut. 37 Drypetes roxburghii Putranjiva Sanjay Van and many The leaves are used for catarrh, fever,
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
areas of Meerut and sterility. 38 Ehretia laevis Small cherry Railway Station Meerut Leaves are applied to ulcers and in city and many areas of headache. Fruit is astringent, Meerut. anthelmintic, diuretic, demulcent, expectorant and use in affections of urinary passages, diseases of lungs and spleen. Fruits are edible. Important as source of food for wildlife. 39 Emblica officinalis Amala Sastri Nagar and Many Fruit is blood purifier used in jaundice. areas of Meerut It is one of the ingredients of triphala churn a. source of vita. C, given in diabetes it is good for hair 40 Eriobotrya japonica Loquat Jaisinghpur Gandhi The fruit is used fresh, and is made into Bagh Few areas of jellies, pies, and sauces. Meerut 41 Erythrina indica Coral tree Danic Jagran crossing Warm poultice of the leaves are applied and many parts of externally to relive joint pain. Meerut 42 Fernandoa Snake Phali Sanjay colony and The oil used in muscular pain. Timber, adenophylla many areas of Meerut avenue and ornamental. 43 Ficus benghalensis Bargad Many areas of Meerut The fruits are used as tonic . The latex of plants useful in neuralgia, rheumatism hemorrhoids, gonorrhea, inflammations, and skin diseases. Fruits are source for many species of birds. 44 Ficus glomerata Goolar Sanjay Van and few The fruits are carminative and the milky areas of Meerut latex is used to treat piles and diarrhoea. Fruits important source of food for birds and other mammals. 45 Ficus religiosa Peepal Hastinapur forest and Leaves juice are used asthma, cough, many areas of Meerut. sexual disorders, diarrhoea, haematuria, toothache, migraine, eye troubles, gastric problems, scabies. The ripe fruit is cooling, alexipharmic, good for burning sensation, foul taste, thirst, biliousness and diseases of blood and heart. Powdered dry fruit destroys sorrows of a person. Seeds are laxative and if taken three days during menstruation, sterilizes women for long time.It is important for honey bees and many birds. 46 Hamelia patens Fire bush Sanjay Van and many Nectar source for bees, Birds and other areas of Meerut. insects. 47 Grevillea robusta Silver oak Sanjay Van and Many The wood from Grevillea robusta is areas of Meerut. used in parts of the world for fuel as it makes good charcoal and firewood, as well as being used to make furniture. It is thought that the gum which exudes from the tree when it is cut could be used for industrial purposes. Yellow and green dyes can be made from the leaves,
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
and the flowers are used for their fragrance. 48 Helicteres isora Marod phalli Mostly Khola The root and bark are expectorant and Hastinapur forest. demulcent, and are useful in constipation, colic, scabies, gastropathy, diabetes, diarrhea and dysentery. The fruits are astringent, refrigerant, stomachic, vermifuge, vulnerary and useful in griping of bowels, flatulence of children. 49 Holarrhea Kurchi Mostly Hastinapur It is one of the best drugs for Diarrhoea. antidysenterica forest 50 Holoptelea Papri Hastinapur Forest and The leaves and bark are used in treating, integrifolia many areas of Meerut. oedema, diabetes, leprosy and other skin diseases, intestinal disorders, piles and spruce. Seed and paste of stem bark is used in treating ringworm. 51 Jacaranda Jacaranda Sanjay Van and many The bark and leaves are used for syphilis mimosifolia areas of Meerut and gonorrhoea. Mostly grown in Ornamental.. 52 Kigella africana Balamkhira Mostly CCS University The fruits are used to treatments for skin Meerut afflictions, and intestinal worms.
53 kydia calycina Pola Mostly Khola Source of good honey. Body swellings, Hastinapur Meerut body pain, boils, diabetis, febrifuge,increases saliva, inflamatio rheumatism. Flowers are important source of nectar for honey bees. 54 Lagerstroemia alba White Jarul Nai mandi Delhi road The leaves are purgative and diuretic. Meerut The bark is considered stimulant and (Only one tree) febrifuge and a decoction or infusion is given in abdominal pain and diarrhoea. The roots are considered astringent, stimulant and febrifuge and seeds are narcoticAvenue tree and timber 55 Lagerstroemia Crape myrtle Sanjay Van and many Cultivared in garden for ornamental. indica areas of Meerut 56 Lagerstroemia Jarul Gandhi Bagh Meerut Decoction of root is taken for jaundice. speciosa and many areas of Bark infusion is taken orally for Meerut. diabetes, diarrhoea and dysentery. 57 Lawsonia inermis Mehandi Kalanjari village and Leaves extracts used as hair and hand few areas of Meerut dyeing and curing dandruff and heel crecks. 58 Leucaena Subabool Sanjay Van and many Important for nitrogen fixing leucocephala areas of Meerut 59 Limonia acidissima Kaith Eid gah crossing The ripe fruit pulp is also used to make Meerut. chutney. Its uses dysentery, diarrhea, (Only 2 trees in Meerut) liver ailments, chronic cough and indigestion. The root juice was used remedy for snake bite. 60 Litchi chinensis Litchi Kalanjari village and Lychee increases immunity to protect few areas of Meerut against common diseases like cough, cold and flu. Vitamin C
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
61 Madhuca indica Mahua Sanjay van and Gagol The tree bark is used to cure leprosy and tirath Meerut heal wound. Flowers are used to cough, biliousness and blood pressure. The oil is used for the care of the skin, to manufacture soap or detergents, and as a vegetable butter. The flowers are used to production an alcoholic drink in India. 62 Mangifera indica Aam Many areas of Meerut Fruit contains vitamins A,B,C. Leaves are used in blood dysentery, soreness of voice. Raw fruit for prickly heat 63 Melia azedarach Bakain Many areas of Meerut Seed-oil is used in rheumatism. Wood- extract is used in asthma Fruits are food source for many birds. 64 Mimusops elengi Maulsari CCS University Meerut Ash of the bark is rubbed and applied on gum. Fruits are edible. 65 Moringa oleifolia Shagen Bangali Basti Near The tree is a source of proteins, calcium, BhadarKali temple and iron and vitamin C. The leaves are used many areas of Meerut to asthma, tuberculosis, diarrhoea, dysentery, jaundice and cholera. Best water purifier. 66 Morus alba Shatoot Hastinapur Forest and Fruit-cooling, mild laxative. Used for many areas of Meerut. sore throat, dyspepsia and melancholia. Leaves and root bark-expectorant, diuretic, hypotensive. Bark extract- hypoglycemic. Leaf antiinflammatory, emollient, diaphoretic. 67 Murraya koenigii Karipatta Hastinapur Forest and Its leaves as curry are used in many areas of Meerut indigestion and jaundice. Flowers are source of nectar for many insects species. 68 Nerium indicum Pink oleander D N College Meerut and Roots ground and fried in ghee applied many areas of Meerut. on the ear to cure inflammation. Flowers are source of nectar for sunbirds and honey bees 69 Nyctanthes arbor- Harshingar Sanjay Van and many Decoction of the leaves of Nyctanthes tristis areas of Meerut arbor-tristis Linn is used in the treatment of sciatica, chronic fever, rheumatism, intestinal worms, laxative, cholagogue, diuretic, diaphoretic 70 Phoenix dactylifera Khajur Hastinapur forest and Fruits are nutritive, laxative and useful many areas of Meerut in fever and gonorrhea. Leaves serve as hand fans. 71 Pithecellobium Jungale jalebi Hastinapur forest and The leaves can be applied as plasters for dulce many areas of Meerut. pain and veneral sores. Decoctions of leaves are also used for indigestion and abortifacien 72 Plumeria obtusa Sanjay Van and many Ornamental areas of Meerut 73 Polyalthia Ashoka Many areas of Meerut Skin diseases. Ornamental longifolia
74 Pongamia pinnata Karanja Sanjay Van and many Seed powder is applied scalp for areas of Meerut dandruff treatment. Leaf juice as a nasal
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
drops for migraine 75 Prosopis juliflora Vilaiti Keekar Hastinapur forest and The leaves can be used for are many areas of Meerut. Diarrhoea. 76 Prunus persica Peach Jaisinghpur Village few Peaches are rich in phenolic and areas of Meerut carotenoid compounds which possess anti-tumor and anti-cancer properties and help in fighting various types of cancers such as breast cancer, lung cancer and colon cancer 77 Psidium guajava Amrood Many areas of Meerut Decoction of bark is used for stomachache, fever, headache, gonorrhea, menstrual disturbances and sores. The young leaves are used as tonic in diseases of digestive function. A decoction of the leaves is used as gargle to relieve toothache and gum boils. Fruits are source of food mammals and birds. 78 Pterospermum Kanak D N college and many Bark and leaves are used in smallpox. acerifolium Champa areas of Meerut 79 Pyrus communis Naspati Kalengeri village and Pear is a rich source of Vitamin C, many areas of Meerut ascorbic acid and it is an antioxidant. 80 Ricinus communis Arand Waste land on Meerut Castor seed oil is used widely for and many areas of various purposes. It is used as a lubricant Meerut in high-speed engines and aero planes, in the manufacture of soaps, transparent paper, printing-inks, varnished, linoleum and plasticizers. It is also used for medicinal and lighting purposes. The cake is used as manure and plant stalks as fuel or as for preparing paper-pulp. In the silk-producing areas, leaves are feed to the silkworms. Leaves are used in the form of a poultice or for sores and swellings. Castor bean is a most hyperaccumulator for contaminated soils. 81 Salix tetraphylla willow Only Khola Hastinapur willow bark source of asprin. The wood forest is used to make cricket bats.Twigs are used to make baskets. 82 Santalum album Safed Only Hastinapur forest Sandalwood oil is used in perfumes, Chandan Meerut cosmetics, aromatherapy and pharmaceuticals. 83 Sapindus mukrossi Reettha D N College few areas A decoction of the bark is good for cattle of Meerut suffering from ulcers due to worm infestation after calving. The fruits are good for asthma, diarrhoea, cholera, verminosis and gastralgia due to dyspepsia. Its fruits are natural substitutes for soaps and hair dyes. 84 Securinega virosa Hartho Only Jaisinghpur village Decoction of the leaves is used for bath Meerut in case of measles, chicken pox, scabies and skin itching. Fruits are edible. 85 Spondias pinnata wild mango Rassna village Meerut. Fruits are very nutritious and rich in
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
( only 2 trees) vitamin A, minerals and iron content. The bark is useful in dysentery, diarrhea, and vomiting.
86 Sterculia foetida Jangli badam Jwala nagar gali no1 Leaves of this plant are used as herbal Meerut By Dr. medicine as aperients, diuretic and as Yashwant Rai insect repellant. Decoction of wood (only 7 trees in Meerut) boiled with seed oil is said to be employed in rheumatism. 87 Streblus asper Siora Mostly Hastinapur Leaves are used in diarrhea and forest Meerut dysentery. The latex is used for crack in foot and toothache. 88 Strychnos nux- Kuchla Poholii Village Sardana Kuchla is used as a tonic and in the vomica road Meerut. treatment of nervous disorders and Only 1 tree paralysis, always in small doses, for it is a virulent poison. Fruits pulp source of food many birds. 89 Syzygium cumini Jamun Many areas of Meerut The bark is used in sore throats, bronchitis, asthma, ulcers dysentery and purifying blood. The fresh juice of bark with goats milk is given in diarrhoea. 90 Tamarindus indica Imli University road Meerut Tamarind source of vitamin C used for and many areas of cure scurvy. Flowers are useful for piles Meerut. treatment. 91 Tamilnadia Pinda Gotka village and The plant are used for various ailments uliginosa Demoli village Meerut. like Cholera, diarrhea, dysentery, eye (10 trees only) complaints, pimples, diuretic, tonic properties, biliousness, aphrodisiac etc 92 Tectona grandis Sagaun Hastinapur forest and The bark is bitter tonic and is considered many areas of Meerut useful in fever. Dye-leaves obtained the deep orange dye. Best quality timber source. 93 Terminalia arjuna Arjuna Hastinapur forest and Bark is used as a heart tonic. Juice of many areas of Meerut. fresh leaves is used for earache. 94 Terminalia bellirica Bahera Sanjay van Fruit wall is used for cough, sore throat ( only 1 tree) and headache. Fruit is used in the preparation of triphala churn a. 95 Terminalia chiubula Harad Sanjay Van Meerut Fruits laxative, stomachic, tonic, & form (Only 5 tree) a constituent of triphala. Fruits pulp powders are used in asthma. Bark diuretic and cardio tonic. 96 Thevetia peruviana Yellow Many areas of Meerut Flowers are source of nectar for sunbirds oleander and honey bees. 97 Toona ciliata Toon Many areas of Meerut Leaves are tonic, useful in chronic dysentery. Flowers used in menstrual disorders 98 Trewia nudiflora khamara Jaisinghpur and few Fruits are edible and wood used for areas of Meerut match boxes. 99 Vitex negundo Chaste tree Jaisinghpur village The whole plant decoction is used to Meerut treat cough, fever and asthma. Roots (only 1 tree) tincture is used in rheumatism. Leaves are effective in gonorrheal epididymitis and as vermifuge. Smoke from the
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
burning dried leaves relieves headache. 100 Wrighta arborea Dudhi Hastinapur Forest The leaves are applied as a poultice for mumps and herpes. Seed is used in chronic fever. Root purifying blood. Seed and bark is used in kidney stone, diarrhoea and anemia. 101 Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Badharkali basti and Fruits are used to blood purifier, many areas of Meerut. dysentery, stomachache, ulcers, wounds, and cough.
TABLE NO : 2 S.No. Family No. of Tree Species in Meerut. 1 Anacardiaceae 2 2 Annonaceae 1 3 Apocynaceae 7 4 Arecaceae 1 5 Asclepiadaceae 2 6 Bignoniaceae 3 7 Bombacaceae 2 8 Boraginaceae 2 9 Capparaceae 1 10 Caricaceae 1 11 Casuarinaceae 1 12 Combretaceae 3 13 Ebenaceae 2 14 Euphorbiaceae 4 15 Leguminosae 18 16 Loganiaceae 1 17 Lythraceae 4 18 Malvaceae 2 19 Meliaceae 5 20 Moraceae 7 21 Moringaceae 1 22 Myrtaceae 3 23 Oleaceae 1 24 Proteaceae 1 25 Putranjivaceae 1 26 Rhamnaceae 1 27 Rosaceae 3 28 Rubiaceae 4 29 Rutaceae 3 30 Salicaceae 1 31 Santalaceae 1 32 Sapindaceae 2 33 Sapotaceae 2 34 Simaroubaceae 1 35 Sterculiaceae 3 36 Ulmaceae 2 37 Verbenaceae 2
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
Figure 1 PHOTOGRAPHS OF THE TREES FOUND IN MEERUT DISTRICT. (See Table 1 for Corresponding names)
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
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Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research (IJIR) Vol-2, Issue-2 , 2016 ISSN : 2454-1362 , http://www.onlinejournal.in
All photos taken by : Dr. Yashwant Rai
CONCLUSION 3. Sprent, J.I. (2001) Nodulation in
Legumes. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Of the 101 tree species surveyed in the Meerut district have been used in multipurpose such as pp.146. medicinal, timber, fodder, food, ornamental, avenue trees and wildlife conservation. Hence, 4. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. there is an urgent need for conservation of rare (2005). Ecosystems and human well- tree species being: current state and trends. Island REFERENCES Press, Washington D.C. 1. Ambe, A.G. (2001) Les fruitiers sauvages comestibles des savanes 5. Vié, J.-C., Hilton-Taylor, C. and Stuart, guinéennes de Cote dIvoire: etat S.N. (eds.) (2009). Wildlife in a desconnaissances par une population changing world – an analysis of the locale, les Malinké. Biotechnol. Agron. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Soc. Environ, 5(1): 43-58. Species. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. 180 pp. 2. Lorenzi, H. (1992) Árvores Brasileiras: Manual de identificação e cultivo de 6. UNEP (2009) Vital forest graphics. plantas arbóreas na Brasil. Plantarum, FAO, UNEP, UNFF. UNEP GRID Nova Odessa, São Paulo. 368. Arendal, Norway
7. FAO (2011). State of the World’s Forests 2011. FAO, Rome.
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8. Newton, A.C. and Oldfield, S. (2008). Red Listing the world's tree species: a review of recent progress. Endangered Species Research, 6, 137-147.
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10. Chakraverty R.K. and Jain S. K. ( 1984). The Book of Beautiful trees and Shrubs of Calcutta pp 197.
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