P. PADMANABH~ REGISTRAR GENERAL. INDIA New Delhi the 26th April, 1982. PREFACE
One of the most important publications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was released in the Census earlier than J 951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contains only village names and total population thereof. The 1951 Census could, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down up to the village level.
In fact the District Census Handbook is the most important publication at the Census and is also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since 1951. This is basical1y due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as . with a view of making the basic statistics availa ble with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note on the district and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Census statistics available at one place. Part-B contains the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the present Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system w"s such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at different serial numbers. Since the Patwari Circle still remains an important administrative unit the location code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate all the villages of a particular Patwari Circle at one place one below the other.
When the planning for the present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable as an important unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally received for making blockwise data available. Since these requests were received very late and were also received only in an informal manner, it has not been possible to disturb. the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicated. It is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enhance the utility of this publication.
It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and developmental administration. It is needless to state that the proper implementation of policy depends on the ability of the administratIOn autnorities concerned.
It may be remembered that the villagewise area figures given in the Primary Census Ahstract and the Village Directory are those based on the village papers while the tahsil totals given in PCA are obtained from the Land Records department whlt;:h in many cases exclude forest area. vi
The statistics that are contained in the district census handbooks are the result of a massive and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of vol uminous statistics. The compilation of the statistics contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation Offiees each under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of purely temP9rary staff-roughlY about 1,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my col)eagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the ed iting and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakb slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken up at the headquarters and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operativ~ venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. Tbe maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the 'Cartographic Section of my office. However, the analytical note has been prepared by Shri K. C. MohriI, Assistant Director of Census Operations.
I am thankful to all who have contributed to bring this publication possible. The census organisation is also grateful to tbe Government of Madbya Pradesh for having been so kind as to undertake tbe rUbJication of these handbooks and to the Controller, Printing and Stationery. Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements made. The inspiration behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to whom we are all deepl)' grateful. Our thanks are also due to Shri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from him and his section.
K. C. DUBEY Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal Janmashtami, 31 Aug. 1983. MADHYA PRADESH DISTRICT PANNA
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IMPORTANT STATISTICS
MADHYA PRADESH Panna District Pop.'.tion Total Persons 5Z,118,844 559,918 Males 26.886,305 Ul,242 Females 25,292,539 157,736 Rural Persons 41,592,385 497,937 Males 21,266,321 259.614 Females 20,326,064 238,323 Urban Persons 10,586,459 42,041 Males 5,619,984 22.628 Famales 4,966,475 19.413 Decennial Population Growth rate 1971-81 25.27 25.85 Area (Sq. Kms.) 443,446.0 7,135.0 Density of population (Per Sq. Kms.) 11,8 76 Sex-ratio (Number of females per 1000 males) 941 913 Literacy rate Person. 27.87 19.51 Males 39.49 29.42 Fell1ales 15.53 8.66 Percentage of urban population to total population 20.29 7.1' Percentage to total population ( i ) Main Workers Person~ 38.41 36.05 Males 53.52 53.75 Females 22.35 16.67 ( ii ) Marginal Workers Persons 4.52 4.87 Males 0.96 1.32 Females 8.30 8.75 (iii) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 59.01 Males 45..52 44.1;3 Fenlales 69.35 74.58 Break·up of Main workers (percentage among main workers) ( i ) Cultivators Persons , 51. 96 54.02 Males 53.81 59.9' Females 47.28 32.95 (ii ) Agri cultural Labourers Persons 24.24 27.69 Males 17.81 20.59 Females 40,61 52.75 (iii ) Household Industry Persons 3.52 3.33 Males - 3.36 3.23 Females 3.93 3.71 (iv) Other workers PersobS 20.28 14.96 Males 25.02 16.1 , Females 8.18 10.59 Percentage of schedUled castes Persons 14.10 20.36 popUlation to total population Males 14.1,6 20.25 Females 14.04 20.43 Percentage of scheduled tribes Persons 22.97 14.13 popul alion to total population Males 22.33 13.73 Females 23.66 14.56 Number of occupied residential hOllses 8,929,190 96,492 Number of Vi II ages Total 76,603 1,095 Inhabited 71,429* 949+ Uninhabited 5,174 * * 146 Numbe r of Towns 327 2 ------_----- .. Includes 77 inhabited villages Which have been treated wholly as urban olltgrowth of nearby City/Town. ** Includes 58 uninhabited villages of Which Abadi Area have been merged in nearby CityjTown_ + Includes 2 inhabited villages which have been treated wholly as urban outgrowth of nearby City/Town.
fat :t~q"'~ltCfl fztqvft ANALYTICAL NOTE
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note Sives the meanings and explanation could be ensured and which would provide basis of terms and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of (jgures and urbanisation in the is necessary because, without a proper grasp of the country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple conceptsas building, bouse. urban criterion of 1961 and 1971 censuses is tbat f!ousehold. workers etc., it is not possib1e to appr the males working in activities such as fisbing, -eciate the data presented in the handbook. Thus . logging, etc. Were treated as engaged in non-agri. one who does not know that an unpretentious hut cultural activity and therefore contributed to the in t1'le thick of Baslar forests with unplastered bam 7~1o criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, wbereas boo walls and a thatch root and with space hardly in the 1981 census these activities are treated as on enough for two cots is not a bit less of a buildtng par witb cultivation and agricultural labour ror the than the Indian versions or tbe sky scrapers in one purpose of this criterion. of the metropolitan cities, or that a central jail household as the household of the most pious and Applying tbe criteria described above, a list of god.fearing citizen in the State. may not be able 327 towns Was finalised and it is these 327 town. to ap,preciatc what exactly the figures r.opr~Jent. which are treated as urban areas for the purpose of 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Govt. Concepts aDd DeftnitlODI of lndia in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern R1Ifal/Urban : ments as back as JOth May, 1979, requesting them It has been the tradition of the Indian Census to ensure that no changes are made in jurisdiction to present the'census data for r'ural and urban areaS and boundaries of municipalities and revenue separately. In fact, in all the Censuses througb· villages, tahsils, su b·divisions and districts durinl out the world this classification of census data into the period from 1-1-1980 to 30-6-1981. Howover. £llral and urban units is generally recognized. How subsequent to our finalization of rural and urban eVer. distinction between rural and .urhan is not yet frame the State Government, in tbe Local Govern amenable to a single definition which would be ment Department notified many places as notified applicable to all countries. areas and municipalities. Such places have not been treated as towns for the purpose of census and the secretary to Government in the Local Govern The definition of an urban unitat the 1971 ment Department bad agreed to this arrangements. Cen~us was as follows- Similarly. the State Govermnent raised the status of (a) All places with a municipality, corporation o municipal committees to that of municipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These neW municipal corporations are also (b) All other places whicb satisfied the ;foUow treated as municipal committees. lng cri teri a. While dealing wit.h the subject ofr.ucaland urban (i) A minimum population of 5,000 ; break up mentjon may be made oftbe area under (ii) At least 75 per cent of male working the Special Area Development Authority. The population engaged in noD-agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pursuits; and constituted under tbe Madbya Pradesb NagaTTatha Gram Nivesh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the (iii) A density of population of at least power to function as a municipality so far as the 400 per sq. Ion. (1,000 p.:r sq. miles). municipal management of that area is concern-ed. Tbesamecriteria is retained at the 19&1 census The limits of these Special Areas include large por ,0 that comparability witb the prc;.viou8 cenSllS tions of rural areas comprising nUQlber of villages xii
situated around the core town or village of such (i) it should have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example. Orchha is a SADA population of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarh district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra this area. Similarly. Malanjkhand -in Balaghat tive units should have mutual socio-economic links district, Bheraghat in JabaJpur district, Mandav in with the 'core town and (iii) in a1l probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is no ut:ban arc~a within that. The two or three . decades. Certain Standard ·Urban . objective of the SADA areas perhaps is to contro] Areas were determined on this" basis in 197 and the future deveJopment " of these areas in a pJanned some basic data were presented for 1951,1961 and maimer and that is all.' It was, therefore, not con 197 I for such areas ~nd their components. Similar sidered desirable to treat such SADA areas at par data have been presented for the Standard Urban " with other urban bodies like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The" idea is to present basic tions', municipal committees etc" and only that part data for those areas (or four, to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is rea1Jy so. As such the urhanisation process in these areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been minimum changes trea ted as urban and rest of the area remains in the in the constituent units of the Standard Urban rural frame. Areas 00981 Census as compared to those of 197J. but the list of SUA remained unchanged. Urban" AgglomeratioD : Size Class of Towns : Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban areas. are classified into 6 classes uroan agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 referred to as towns of Class I to VI. The classifi . census. Very often large railway colonies, university cation is shown below- campuses, port areas, military camps etc., come up outside the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I towns 100,000 and obove adjoining it. Sucb l areas may not 1;>y themselves Class n towns 50,000 to 99,999 qualify to be" treated as towns but if tbey form a Class III towns 20,000 to 49,999 cont,guous spread with the town, they are out Class IV towns 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V towns 5,000 to 9,999 'urban. Suc~ towns together with their outgrowths Class VI towns Less than 5,000 have been treated as one urban unit and called 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu maY constitute :-" lation of I lac and above as a city.
'(a) A city with continuous outgrowth, (the Census House: part of outgrowth being outsid e the statu tory limits but falling within the bound A Census House is a building or part ofa build aries of the adjoin ing village or villages); ing having a separate main entrance from the road or common courtyard or staircase, etc., used or (b) One town with similar outgrowth or two recognised as a separate unit. It may be occupied or more adjoining towns with their out or vacant. It may be used for a residential or non growths as in(a): residential purpose or both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns If a building had a number of fiats or blocks with their outgrowths aU of which form a which were independant of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their own from the road or a common staircase or a COl1mon courtyard leading Standard Urban Area: to a main gate, they have been considered as separate census houses. A new concept of Standard Urban Area intro duced in 1971 census will also be followed for the In some cases, however, it was difficult to 1981 Census. The essential requirements for the apply the definition strictly. For example, in an constitution of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a fiat bas five rooms, each baving direct, xiii
entrance to the common staircase er courtyard ScbcdQled Castes and Scheduled Tribes which by definition had to be treat~d as five census bouses. If all thelile five rooms were f01md,. Scheduled Castes and Seheduled Tribes are occupied by single household entire fiat was treated those found in the Notification of Sched uled Castesl as one census house. In such cases singleness of Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 use was taken into consideration to avoid undue (108 of 1976). By this amendment, area restrictions proliferation oCthe number of census houses. for most of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes have been removed. However, the area reo An occupied resiMntial census house means a striction stiH remains in respect of Dhobi (in census hous~ whiob is actually used for residential Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts): Kotwal and purposes, either wholly or partly by o'nc or mo~e Pardhi (in _Bhind, Dbar Dewas. Guna. GwaJior. households. fndore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, Morena, Raigarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri, Ujjain and Household: Vidisha Districts) and Kumhar (in Chhatarpur. The term household in census is defined as a Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shabdol. Sidhi and group of persons who commonly live together and Tikamgarh districts) Scheduled Castes. Likewise would take their meals from a common kitchen Keer and Pard hi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict unless the exigencies' .of work prevented anyone of ed only in Bhopal. Raisen and Sehore disti-icts ; them from doing so. There may be a household of MilIa in Sironj suli-division of Vidisha district; pe~sons related by blood or a household of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa. Satna, related persons or having a mix of both. Examples Shahdol, Sidbi. and Tikamgarb districts; Pardhi. of unrelated households are boarding houses, mes Bahelia. Bahellia. Cbita Pardhi, Langoli Pardbi, sess, hostels, residential hotels, rescue homes. jails, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar. Takia in (1) "Ashrams" etc.. These are called institutional Bastar, Chhindwara. Mandla. Raigarh. Seoni and households. There may be one member households Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member households or multi - member district. (3) Betul and Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul households. For census purposes, each one of these' district, (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tahsils of Bilas- . types is regarded as a 'househoJd'. pur district, (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg district. (6) Chowki, Manpur and MOhala Revenue There are three types of households viz, normal. fnspector's Circles of Rajnandgaon district. (7) institutional and houseless households. A houseless Murwara, Patan and Sihora tahsil of Jabalpur. 10 household is that which is normally found be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsil' of residing on the road side. pavements, in hume pipes Hosbangabad and Narsimhpur district, (9) Har under staircases. or in open. temple, mandaps, sud tahsil of Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa platforms and the like. .nstitutional househo~ds garb, Dhamtari alld Mahasamund tahsils of Raipur have been explained above. Those ·households which district. do not raU in the category of institutional household and houseless household have been categorised as Persons belonging to tbe castes/tribes mention normal households, The enumerator waS required ed a bove found'in tbe districts other than those to indicate in the Household Schedule whether the \ where Scheduled have not been treated as schedul- hOllsehold belonged to 'Institutional household' or ed castes Or scheduled tribes as the case may be. 'Houseless household'. For institutional'!' was lt may be mentioned here that scheduled castes can written against the question 'Type of household' belong to the Hindu or the Sikh religion only. and, was ind icated ill the case of houseless '0' wltile the scheduled tribes belong to any religion. hOllsehold. For normal household, no entry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes required to be made. relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to 198' census The enumeration of institutional households hail been given immediately 4fler this note as was done in the manner the normal households were Annexure-I. enumerated during tbe enumeration period from Literates and Educated Persons: 9th February to 28th February, J981. The house less households were enumerated on the night of A person who can both read and write with 28th February, 1981. understanding in any language is treated as literate. xiv
A person who cad" m~nty read but cannot'Write, is suses; the ,economic' questions "were based-' cn not literate. It is not necessary that a person different aJlProaclles" naJIUIly,' usual.status and
who is literate sholJld have received any formal current status, WeTe adopted t1 witlh teference period education or should bave passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal, and for educational standard. regular work, respectively. Current status. approach was 'thought· to be irrelevant in the. oontexh)f our The test fOr'literacy was necessary' 'Only when country where'usual status of a worker- tis oonsider the enumerator had any -doubt about any person ed ~o be more appropriate. returning as 'Jitetate'. The' test for literacywal ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The above questions are in 'three parts and Instruction Booklet and to write a slml'le letter~ , have' been designed in ,such a way that first of all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider it attempts to divide the population into two. broad ed adequate to qualif'y a person as being able to groups viz., write with understanding. If a person claimed to (n those who have worked any time aulJ be literate in some otbl:r language with which' the . during the last year, (2) those wht) have not wo~k enumerator was 'not familiar, the respondent's word ed at all. was taken as correct. The latter group consist bhhe non-workers. All children of the age of 4 years or less werc " This information is obtained-in Q. 14-A. Ha ving tre«ted as illiterate even if they might be going ito classified the population into two. groups, the next school, and had picked up reading and writing a attempt has been to classify thOSe who have worked few words. any time int(') Main workers and Marginal workers, CJassificatiou of workers by' InfIastfial Category: On tfie' basis of' time spent on work as we'U as secondary work, ir any, of the Main workers. If At the 1981 Census, the questions which were a person had worked' for six months or more (180· canvassed in the Ind ividual slip to elicit informa days or more) be was treated as, J\1ain worker and tion on economic char\1cteristics of the population and jf the period of work was less than 'six months were as follows:- he was regarded as a Marginal worker. In Q. 15B details of sec€lndary work or marginal work are (i) Q • .14A Worked any time at all last Year '1 obtained. Finally an attempt has been. made to Yes deterP1ine whether those who. are non-workers or (H/ST/D/R/B/ljO) No. marginal workers al'e seeking; or are available for work. Q. 14B If yes in 14A', did you work fO'r major part of last year? yes (1)/ No (2) It will thus be seen tbat these questions on economic aspects, have been. So designed as to. ii Q. 15A Main activity last year? identify all workers. full time workers or seasonal Yes in 14B (CJALJHHI/OW) workers or marginal workers and non-workers with No in 14B (H/ST/D/R/B/l(O) reference to the activit~esl during the last one year period prior to the date of enumeration. Q; 15B Yes-Any other work any time last year? 158 Q:l4B' No-Work done 'any time last year? . The various terms and definitions used in collecting the economic data have been explained Yes (C/AL/HHf/OW)/No briefly in the following paragraphs. C/AL/HHI/OW Definition of work : iii Q. Hi-lf No in 14A or 14B, seeking/available for work? Yes (l )/No (2) . Work has been defined as participation in any economically productive activity. Such part icipa The above questions were formulated after tion may be physical or mental in nature. Work detailed discussion a.t the Data User's. Conference involves not only :actual work but also effective· and technical group. At the 1961 and 1971 Cen- supervision and direction of work. ~ .'. xv
For persolls on regular employment or engaged dependents, retired personS or rentiers, beggars, in regular type of work, temporary absence during inmates of institutions. unemployed persons etc. the reference period on account of illness, holiday, They ate persons who have not worked any time at temporary closure, strike etc., was not a dis aU in the year preceeding the enumeration. qualification for treating them as workers. Maio ~tivity of workers : Persons under training, such as apprentices, with or without stipends or wages were also treated The main activity of workers has been classified as workers. In the case of a person who had been. into four categories viz., cultivator, agricultural offered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household industry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners PCA at the 1981 census. A significant departure etc., were not treated as economically active unless has, therefore, been made while presenting the they also engaged themselves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories ind icated above as against nine ind ustrial categories of the 1961 and the 1971 In all these questions, the reference period is censuses. The nine categories of the 1971 census the one year: preceeding the date of enumeration. were-:-{i) Cultivator. (ii) Agricultural labourer, Certain types of work such as agriculture, house (iii) Livestock, Forestry. Fishing, Hunting and hold industry like gu, making etc., carried on either Plantations, Orchards and allied activities, (iv) throughout the year or only during certain seasons Mining, (v) Manufacturing, Processing and servic or part of the year, depending on the local circum ing with sub-categories-(a) At Household Industry stance. In all such cases the reference period has and (b) Other than Household Industry, (vi) Con,,: been the broad time span of the agricultural sea- struction, (vii) Trade and Commerce, (viii) Trans , SOns preceeding the enumeration. port, Storage and Communications. and (ix) Other Main Workers : services. The correspondence between the cate gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- The main workers are those who have worked for a major part of the year prcceeding the enume 1981 Category 1971 Category ration. Main activity was reckoned in terms of time disposition. For example, if a person had I I worked as daily wage labourer for 4 months, as an II II agricultural labourer for 1 month and as cultivator III Yea) for 2 months, he was treated as a Main worker on IV 11I,IV,V(b),VI,VII,VUI & [X the basis of total time spent on work and his main activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer Cultivator : since he spent major part of his time on work in this activity than as cultivator or agricultural Forpurposes of census a person is working as labourer. cultivator jf he or she is engaged either as employer. single worker !>r family worker in cultivation of Marginal Workers: land owned or held from Government Or held from Marginal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions for payment in any time at ail in the year preceed ing the enumera money, kind or share. tion but have not worked for a rna.lor part of the Cultivation involves ploughing, sowing and year. For example. if a perSon who is mostly harvesting and production of cereals and millet doing household duties, or is mainly a student, or cr{)p~ such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajTa, ragi, a rentier or a beggar and the like who is baSically etc., and other crops such as sugarcane,grou ndnuts a non-worker had done some work at some time tapioca, etc. and pUlses, raw jute and kindered during the reference period, he was tleated as a fibre crop, cotton etc., and 'does not' include fruit marginal worker. growing, vegetable growing or heping orchards or groves or woo king of plantation like tea, coffee, Non-Workers : rubber, cinchona, opium and other medicinal plan Non-workers constitute of householders, student!, tations. xvi
A.g;lccdttftal LabOdtet : processing, ser"lCtng, repalnng or making and selling (but not mereiy selling) of goofils such as Perseus working in another person's land fnT h-andloorn weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi roUitlg, wages in money. kind OF share have been treated a. pottery manufacture, bicycle repairing, blacksmith agricultural labourers. A~ agricultural labourer ing, tailoring etc. It does not include professions bas nO risk in the cultivation and he has no tight of sucb as a pleader or doctor or barber or 'dh0bi' lease or contract on land on which he works. even if such professions are run at home by mem bers of the household. Housebold Industry:
Household Industry is defined as an industry Other 'Workers: conducted by the head of the household himself! herself and or by the members of the households at home or within the viHage in rural areas and only All workers, i.e. those who have been engaged within the precincts of the house where the house. in some economic actiVity during the last one year, hold lives in urban areas. The larger proportion who are not cultivators or agricultural labourers of workers in a household industry should consist or in household industry are 'other workers'. The of members of the house'hold including tbe head. type of workers that come under this category
The illd ustry should not be run on the scale of include factory workers, plantation, workers , registered· factory which would qualify and has to trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, con· ~e registered under the Indian Factories Act. struction, political or social work, all government servants, municipal eruployees, teachers, priests, Household Industry relates to production, entertainment artists etc. xvii
ANNEXURE I
MADHYA PRADESH
[The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes O;ders (Amendment) Act. 1976 J Dated the 18th September, 1976
Scbeduled Castes
1 Audhelia. 35 Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, :2 Bagri, Bagdi. Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts) 3 Bahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. 4 Balahi. Balai. 37 Mang, Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi. Dankhni 5 Banchada. Mang, Mang,Mahasi, Madari. Garudi, Radhc- 6 Barahar, Basod. Mang. ' 7 Bargunda. 38 Meghwal. 8 Basor. Burud, Bansor, Bansodi, Banspbor, 39 Moghia. Basar. 40 Muskhan. 9 Bedia, .. 41 Nat, Kalbelia, Sapera, Navdigar, Kubutar. 10 Beldar, Sunkar. 42 Pardhi (in Bhind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, Gwa-: 11 Bhangi, Meh~ar, Balmik, Lalbegi. Dharkar. lior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone, Mandsaur, 11. Bh.':lllum,ati. Morena, RlJ.jgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shivpuri 13 Chada-r. Ujjain and Vidisha Districts). 14 Chamar. Chamari, Bairwa. Bhambi, J atav, 43' Pas1~' Mochi, Regar, Nona, Rohidas, Ramnami. 44 Rujjhar. Satnami, Surjyabanshi, Surjyaramnaroi, Allir 45 Sansi, Sansia, war, Chamar Mangan. Raidas. 46 Silawat. 15 Chidar. 47 Zamral. 16 Chikwa. Chikvi. 17 Chitar. Scheduled Tri~ 18 Dahait, Dahayat, Dahat. I 19 Dewar. Agariya. 20 Dhanuk. 2 Andh. 21 Dhed,Dher. 3 Baiga. 22 Dhabi (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore dis- 4 Bhaina. tricts) , 5 Bharia Bhumia, Bhiunhar Bhumia, Bhumiya. 23 Dohor. Bharia, Paliha, Pando. 24 Dom, Dumar, Dome, Domar, Doris. (, Bhattra. 25 Ganda, Gandi. 7 Bhil, Bhilala, Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghasi, Ghasia. 8 Bhil Mina. 27 Hotiya. 9 Rhllnjia. 28 Kanjar. 10 Ria~, Biyar. 29 Katia, Patharia. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. ]2 Rirhul, Bithor. 31 Koli, Kori. }3 Damor, Damaria. 32 Kotwal (in Bbind, Dhar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar. Gwalior, Indore, Jhabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gadba. Morena, Rajgharh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. 16 Gond; Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi pari, Ujjain. and Vidisha districts), Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kucbbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria, Danrlami Maria. Dhuru. xviii
Dhurwa, Dhoba, Dhulia, Dorla, Gaiki, Gatta 35 Oraon. Dbanka. phangad. Gatti, Gaita, Gond GOwari, Hill Maria, Kan 36 Panika (in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, dra, Kalanga, {(hatola, Koitar, Koya, Khirwar Khirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchuki Maria, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi and Tikamgarh districts.) Madia, Maria, Mana, Mannewar, Moghya, 37 Pao. Mogia, Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 38 Pardhan, Pathari, 8aroti. Nagwanshi, Ojha, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya, Wade Mari~, Vade Maria, 39 Pardhi (in Bhopal,Raisen and Sehore districts) Daroi. 40 Pardhi, Babelia, Bahellia, Chita Pardbi, Lan- . 17 Halba, Halbi. goli Pard hi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar 18 Kamar. Takia [in (1) Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, 19 Karku. Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat district. (3) Betul and ZO Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tan- war, Chattri Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul district, (4) Bilaspur and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district, 21 . Keer (in Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg district, 22 Khairwar. Kondar. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohla Revenue 2.3 Kharia. Inspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon disttict, (7) Murwara, Patan and Sibora tabsils ofJabalpuf 24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur 25 Kol. tabsils of Hoshangabad district and Narsimha 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsi1 of Khandwa 27 Korku, Bopchi, Mouasi, Nihal, Nabul, Bondhi district, (lO)Bindra-Nawagarb, Dhamtari and Bondeya. Mahasamund tahsils of Ralpur distric(. 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 Majhi. 30 Majhwar. c42 Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria~ Sosia, Sor. 31 Mawasi. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 32 Mina (in Sironj sub-d ivision ofVidisha district) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 45 Sawar, Sawara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia~ ·46 Som. xix
HISTORY AND'SCOPE OF 'DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of the District Census Hand book Thus the present series of District Census Hand could be traced from tbe 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz., DCHB Part A for every district in 1901 and' 'village statistics' for and DCRB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district in 1911. But tbis was discontinued Directory and Part B contains the Town/Villagewisc in 1921 and 1931; In 1941, however 'vitlage statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. tics' were brought' out- by then Central Provinces Part A-Village Directory contains information and .Berar Government,. It was. for the first tiIpe in about the name of village. 'total area of village, 1951 the practice of bringing out a single volume known as the District Census Handbook, giving total population and numbet of households in the villagewise statistics and other census table's for village~ amenities like education, medical, drinking water, post and telegraphs, market day. communi the district at the cost of the State Government cations. approach to village, distance from the was initiated and is continuing since then. nearest town, power supply, staple food. land use, places of religious, historieal and archaeological The District Census Handbook, compiled by interest etc. the Census Organisation on behalf of the State Government is one of the most important publica In addition there are fOllr appendices to the tions of the censu~ and is widely used by planners. Village Directory as under- administrators, academicians and researchers. (1) Tahsilwise abstract of educational, medical and other amenities. The scope of the District Census Handbook (2) Land utilization data in respect of census bas gone considerable change since 1951. In 1951 towns. the District Census Handbook contained only the Primary Census Abstract and the Cepsus tables. (3) Tahsilwise list of villages where no ameni In view of the usefulness of this, publIcation, ties are available, and improvements were made in 1961 by including non (4) Tahsilwise list of villages according to the census data like climate, agriculture, co-operation proportion of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled inel liS Iry, education, h faith etc., as also an 'Intro Tribes population by ranges. ductory Note' for each district. Unfortunately, the The last two appendices have been included for desire to make the district census handbook more, the first time in ]981 census. Appendix III will be comprehensive delayed its pUblication. Therefore, helpful for planning input in areas/villages where in 1971, it was decided to publish tbe district cen basic infrastructure is lacking and Appendix IV will sus handbook in three parts in order to release the be helpful for planning welfare programmes for maximum data as and when finalised. Part A con Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes at micro level. tained the Village Directory which gives viUagewise particularly in relation to area development non-census statistics of land use, area and amenities orientation programmes. available within the village. Part B contained tbe village wise Primary Census Ahstract and Part C Similarly .the Town Directory contains seven contained various administrative statistics. Part A statements as below- and B were, however, published in one volume since Statement I-Status and growth history. it was economical to do so as data for both the Statement If-Physical aspects and location parts became available early. Parts A and B were of towns. pll blished separately in Hindi and English versions. Statement III-Municipal Finance. Collection of data for Part C was cumbursome and Statement IV-Civic and other amenities. it took unduly lo~g time in its finalisation, and Statement IVA-Civic and other Ame:rlities in ultimately this publication had to be abondoned in Notified Slums. view of the enormous delay in its printing. Statement V-Medical, educational, recreatio In 1981 census, with a view to avoid delay in nal and cultural facilities. bringing out of DCH series, the part containing Statement VI-Trade, Commerce & Industry and the administrative statistics has been dropped. Banking. xx
An additional statement IV-A.is meant olily industrial categories viz•• cultintors, agricultural for Class-l and Class-II towns giving the civic and labourers, household industry and other workers, other amenities in notified slums. This statenlent marginal workers and non-workers. has been in trod ~lced for th e first time in 1981 census. The inclusion of Primary Census Abstract relating to the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Part D-The town/villagewise Primary Census Tdbes at the tahsil/town level is anotber impor Abstract gives the basic data like area of the village. tant feature ot the neRB series of 1981 census. occupied residential houses, total number of bouse bo,ds. population by sel[,as also tbe sexwisc popu An appendix containing Development Block. iation of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, wise-'Vikas Khandwar' totals of PCA figures has litl!racy and popUlation by sex into four broad also been included. ANALYTICAL NOT!.
The name Panna is according to the popular flows north and sweeps east entering the Banda dist version derived from Padmavati-an old temple dedi rict of Uttar Pradesh and finally joins the Yamuna. On cated to this goddess standing en the banks of the the both banks ot the river the forest are dense. The Kilkila stream which tloWJ near by. It is also likely sides o(the hill and all the sorrounding country are that the name may be derived from the diamonds that covered with a thick forest of teak and tendu which are found near about. The district which is situated adds to the wild picturesqueness of the scene. The on the northern fringe of the state, bas been carved other rivers join the Ken and ultimately drain into the out mainly out of fonner Panna and Ajaigarh states. Yamuna. It was formed on the merger of former princely states into Vindhya Pradesh on 1.4.1949. There has been The forest in the district has been classified as no important changes in 'administrative boundaries Tropical Dry Deciduous forests. The main species arc of the district except for some villages were trans teak, saja, salai, babra, tinsa, khair, tendu etc. Tbe ferred to Raghurajnagar tahsil of Satna district. For- forests are mainly exploited for timber, fuel wood, charcoal aLd bomboo. -merly the district was part of the Rewa Commissi oner's division but since the formation of Sagar The climate is generally hot but in winter it some Commissioner's division by carving out two districts timel; becomes severely cold. The district receives the . each from Jabalpur and Rewa divisions, the district rainfall from south-west nlonsoons during August to now comes under the Sagar Commissioner's division. September. By October the monsoon recedes and the The district is bounded by Chhatarpur district in the cold season commences from Nc;>vember onwards. west. Damoh district in the south, Jabalpur in the December and January are the coldest months. It south-east, Satna in the north-cast and Banda district bec,?mes warm after March and May and June are the of Uttar Pradesh in the north. bottelt months. Physical Features History *
Tbe district is mostly hilly and traversed by The Panna chiefs are Bundela Rajputs,· desc hills and valleys. The t .. act lies' in the heart of ended from Orchha bouse. After the revolts and Vindhyas. The greater part of its area lies on the subsequent death of Jhujar SIngh of Oi'chba in 1635 branch of the Vindhyas known as Panna range, which the whole of Bundelkhand plunged into anarchy. cut across the Bundelkhand region from south-west to Taking advantage of this state ofatra'irs Champat Rw north-east. The Panna range consists principally of established himself as the recognised leader of the upper Rewa sandstone of the Vindhyan series and is territory east of Dhasan river. even extending his famous for its diamond mims. The lower Rewah series operations into the country around GwaiJor and Eas j, composed of three strata, the upper being the Ihiri tern Malwa. By 1671 he was virtually ruler of Bundel shales, the second low('r Rcwah sandstone and third khand. a narrow shale band known as th.: Panna shales. The Panua range forms the watershed. The rivers flow in In 1731 Chhatrasal d ivid ed his vast possessions. a general south easterly direction. The elevation The largest share wh·ICh included Panna feU to Hirde varies from 980 feet to 2,136 feet above mean' sea Sah, his eldest son. Rirde Sah on succeeding made level. The only river of any importance is the Ken, Panna as his capital. He wa4 succeeded by Sabha and its affluent the Bairma. The other rivers are the Singh (1739-52) in whose time the famous diamond Mirhasan, the Patna, the Ranj and the Gurne. The mines first worked. The next ruler. Aman Singh was Ken form the northern boundary with Chhatarpur. It m.urdert"d by his brother t-hndupat. Hindupat passed
*Based on the description given in tl'e Imrerial Gazetteer of lndia Vol. V & XXIX Xlii
over his eldest SOn in favour of a younger, Anirudb. Out of 7,135 sq. kms. 7123.2 sq. kms area/is Anirudh being a minor, state was left in charge of under rural and the remaining 11.8 sq. kms is under Beni Hazuri and a Brahmin, Khemr'aj Chaube. The urban. The district urban area' is the total of areas jealousies of these two plunged the state into a civil of the urban units as supplied, by the local bodit's. war. Owing to these internal dissensioIlll" dre Bllndd· Th~ diftrict ruraJ areas have been. derived by sub· khand became an easy prey to tne Gosain leader 5tracting district urban figures from the d ilitrict total. Himmat Bahadur and his confederate Ali Bahadur. The Panna district has 539,978 population. British Supremacy was estaslished in 1811 and they Out of which 497,937 inhabits the rural areas and were firmly establlshed in Bundelkhand. Kishore remaining 42,041 constitute the utban population. The &iJlgh was nominally ruling ,thougb in ~JI,ile. He was population of ,the distriat is unevenly distributed reinstated and granted Sanad. 'F~us .the Panna state among the 1hre~ tamils of the district. Panna tahsil came to be known as sauad state. with 47 peT cen:t popUlation shares t'he largest chunk of the district popUlation. Pawai with 38 per cen t Ajaigarh was Sanaa stat-e in BuooelkhaRd Politi· .populatiOll. comeS next. The northern tallsil Ajaiguh cal A~enC)'.ln 1131 Chhatrasal divjd~ his state imo covers only 16 per cent ,population of the district. several shares of which Ajaigarh was given to his AJaigarh ,is also ,the smallest tahSil in terms of area third son, Jagat Raj. On the death of Jagat Raj his among the tahsils of the Damoh district with 7,306 sq 1941 249,226 + 15.85 kms and Dewas with 7,020 sq. kms. area are placed· 1951 259,659 above and below Panna district, respectively as fat + 4.19 as the ranking of dhtricts in respect of area is 1961 331,257 + 27.57 concerced. It may incidentally be pointed out here 1971 429,077 + 29.53 that the area figur:s are tbose supplied by the 1981 539,978 + 25.85 Surveyor Genral of India. ------.------xxiii
It would be ,Sotn froID tbt above table that tbe 4'8 per cent uninhabited villages com.es last. The dtc&dal growth..rate from 1901 to 1941 $bows errati~' average area per village works out to 6;4 sq ~ kms trend. After 1'5 I the positioa bas somewhat and supports ~2S persons. Comparatively the figures stabilized. Tbe district lost heavily in population for the state comes to 5.tsq, kms. alid 583 persons. during 1911-21. Although tbe first half and earHer part of the second half were fairly normal and Out of947 inhabited villages in the district 66 genrally contributod to the growth of the population per cent fall in the popUlation range less than 500 but pestilence struck in the last years of the decade and population and eoftstitute 28.94 per cent population men, women and children perished in large numbers. of the diBftict. Another :0.80 per cen t vilJages come It waa infiueDza epidemic of 1918 which played under'population range 500-999 and contain 27;69 havoc. per ceIit rural population of the district. 3.17 per cent vj)Jaar,s constituting 17.7I' per cent population In 1921";31 there was 6.12 per cent increase come under population range 2000·4~99. There is in population. Tlae rate appeals somewhat less. only' one viJIag.:!.the tahsil headqua·ters Pawai, which The fact was that the rate of growth after the severe comes under population range 5000-9999. The popu epidemic was slow. TIle conditions in the district lation orPawai village is 6,S68. It can thus be' said were normal on tbe whole. [n the, previous decadt: the that t be d istriet has generally small sized village s. area was bad ly affected by influenza epid ernic and the recovery in most places has been slow. There are two towns-Ajaigarh and Panna in the district. Panna has been a town throughout. The growtb d uring th~ decade 1931-41 was Ajaigarh was classified as town in 1921 Census but sligh tly more. The cond itions during the decad e was declassified in 1961 Census. Ajaigarh was again were fair and helpful for ,rowth. classified as town in 1971 and continued in 1981 Tbe growth rate during the decade 1941-51 Census also. Pawai, Devendranagar and Amanganj was only 4.19 per cent but this was so in the adjoin were treated as towns in 1951 Census but were ing districts of Satna (4.72), Chhatarpur (3.68) and deelassitied in 1961 Census. Panna is Class Damob (4.15) due to great political o,banges III town where as Ajaigarh is class V town. Chh:afrasal Infantry from Panna was sent abroad and The density in Panna district i. 76 as compared it suffered casualties. From 1961 onwards the to the state density of I )8. The dellSity in urban areas growth pattern of the district show parity with the is 3,556 as against state urban density of 2.170. state growth rate. Sex composition of a population is expr COS led '[ons and 'fillales in terms of nllmber of females per 1000 males. The sex-ratio of tbe diStrict is '913 as compared to the Stare There ;'Lre J,093 villages in the district of which sex-ratio of 941. The low proportion offemales is a 947 ar~ inhabited \lnd 146 are uninhabited. Largest characteristic feature of the region. The position num.ber of uninhabited villages (52.7 per cent) are with rega'rd to the adjoining districts ~ould sh.)w in Panna tahsil followed by Pawai tahsil where the that proportion of females in Panna is more or less percentage comes to 42.85 per cent. Ajaigarb with in 'cotifinility with its neighbonrs.
Femaies Per 1000 Males
State I r------~~-A ~ DistrLct 1901 1911 1921 1931 1941 1951 1961 1971 1981
M. p. 990 986 974 y73 970 96'/ 953 941 941. Panna 990 974 966 968 965 941 93!l 923 913 Chhatarpur 943 943 923 920 911 g9~ 891 864 864 Damoh 988 982 952 974 981 9S0 965 941 925 Jabalpur 1,028 999 978 976 939 941 924 91~ !}14 xxiv
The percentage ohcbtduled castes population It woul~ be seen than there bas been consi- to total population' ()f the district works out to 20.36· 8~~nt declining change in the proportion of sexes in and those of schcd1l1ed . tribe it is 14.13. Comparing. the State as well as in the districts. the rural urban differential, it work. out to 21.16 and 10.94 respectively Cor scheduled castes and 14.92 and 4.71) for scheduled tribes, 'Tahsilwile figures for tbe Literarey scheduled 'castes and ~cheduled tribes arc as under • . Tbere are 105.352 literate persons in the district. The general literacy rate for the district works out --_ __;.---"I....:_.~ ___ -- .___ -_ to 19.51 as against the State literacy rate of 21.87. Scheduled Castes Scheduled Tribes Among the males, literacy rate c.>mes to 29.42 whC're Name of .r----.A---~ r----..A.---~ as in females it is 8,66 as compared to the State figures Tahsil Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban of 39.49 and15.:3, respectively. As regards rural popu ------_-_------lation the literacy rate is 17; 10 for total rural popula Ajaigarh 18,430. 17,119 1,311 6,135 5,357 718 tion . while it is 26.85 and 6.47 for male 'and female Tahsil po_pulijtion, respectively. The state literacy rate for total males and females population, is ,21.22,32 .91 aM 8.99 Plnna .50,655 47.,365 3,290. 29,50.5 28,268 1,237 respectively, In urban areas the state literacy rate is Tahsil 52.02, 64:41 and 42.26 ,for total, males and females Pawai 40.,875 40.,875 40.,655 40.,655 respective Iy. 'rahsil------_. As ~ompared to this the district literacy rates Panna 10.9,960. 10.5,379 4,601· 76,295 74.2802,10 f~r t~tal population, males .and females works out District t048.iO, 58.85 and 35.~7, respectively. ------..------_'----
It would be observed from the above that of 'he Among tbe tahsils Panna tahsil has 23.1 per cent total scheduled castes in the district, Panna t~¥il arh literacy rate while. Ajaig and Pawai tahsils have witll 46.06 per cent ranks first while Pa,wai and 16.7 and 16.3 literacy rate respectively. The literacy Ajaiga~h tahsils fall in that order with 37.17 and 16.76 for Panna town is 49.8 whereas the literacy for Ajai ...per cent, respectively •. gal'h town.is 41. Amongst the castel ChamlU' is the most sdaeduled Cutes aod Scheduled Tribes dominant caste in the district. It contains 57.34 per cent of the total scheduled castes of the district. There are 109,960 Scheduled Castes and 76,295 Kumhar with 10.10. per cent occupies the second Scbeduled Tribes 'in' the district. The. Sched uled Castes position, while Koli or Kori with 9.S1 comes next. and scheduled tribes taken together constitute 34.49 Basor with 7.69 per cl!nt form tbe next important per cent of the total popUlation of the district which caste in the district. in other words means more tban one third of the population in the district belong to Scheduled Caste Among the tahsils similar pattern emerges as and Scheduled tribes. Comparatively the percefltage of regards the distribution of scheduled castes. In all scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in the state the three tahsils· Chamar again figures the most works out to 14.10 and 22.97 per cent, respectively and dominant caste. Pawai with 60.67 per cent of Chamar constitute 37.08 per cent of the tot a I population takt-n population among the scheduled castes ranks first in together. The scheduled calotes population of the percentage followed by Panna tahsil with 58.27 per district comtitute 1_50 per cent of the total scheduled cent. Ajaigarh tahsil has 47.52 per cent Chamar castes population of the state whereas the scheduled. popUlation of the total sched uled castes population. tribe popUlation of the district constitutes 0.64 per Koli or Kori constitute next important caste with 18.50 cent of the total scheduled tribe population. per cent population followed by Kumhar (16.70) in XlV'
Ajaigarh tahsil. Panna tahsil has 8.57 per cent Kori total ac;:heduled tribe population farms the most populatioa of the. total s~heduled castes population pop'Illous tribe in the district. Next in order of followed by Kumhat (8.30). Basor(7.13))n Panna nUD).erical strength comes the Bharia, Bhumia. with tahsil and 9.83 in, Pawai tahsilarc the otherimportant 23.54. per cent. The tahsils of the district also eXhibit castes.Dabait caste has a sizeable percentage (6.74) the samv pattern as in the ca~e of district. K~airwar J in Panna Tahsil. Kondar is the most common tribe in Ajaigarh tahsil while Gond constitltte the. moSt numerically strong As regards scheduled tribes Pawai tahsil has the scbedultd tribe in Panna and Pawai tabsih. Bharia higbest percentage of scheduled· tribe population to total scheduled tribes population of the district; Pando is next after Goad as far as the 'numerical pawai with 53.28 per cent ranks first 'among the strength is Concerned in Pawartahsil. tahllils. Next in order of per centage comes Panna tahsil (3lS.67) followed by Ajaigarh (8.04) per cent. The following table shows the distribution of Gond and Bhatia, Bbumia ale the two most dominant villages according to Rvaila bility of different tribes of the district. Gond with 56.17 per cent of thr amenities.
TABLE 1
Distribution (If Villages According to the AvailabiJity of Different Amenities.
------~------~------_.. _- __ -,,- - --_:__------.~~ No. (With percentsge) of villages having one or more'of the fo1J~wing a-nenities .---~'- -_ -_.- ---. -"-_ ------'-"':':_--~~' 51. Name of Tahsil No. of Educa- Medical Drinklflg Post and Marketl Commurii- Approach pow~r No. inhabited tion water Telegraph Hat cations by puc'ca supply vi lIages road'
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ------_._-- -_------Ajaigarh 119 88 7 • I~ 19 2 II 28 23 (73.95) (5.88) ( 100.00) (15.97) ( 1.68) (9.24) (23.53) (19.33) 2 Panna 41::- 254 13 413 45 11 40 128 90 (61.50 ) (3.15) (! 00.00) (10.90) (2.66) (9.69) (30.99) (21.79) 3 Pawai 415 244 12 415 43 12 19 30 44 (58.80) (2.89) (100.00) (10.36) (2.~9) . (4.58) (7.23) (10.60) ------.------_--,--- Total . DIstrict 947. 5S6 32 947 107 25 70 186 157 (61 • ss) (3.38) (100.00) (11.30) (2 (4) (7.39) (1!). (4) (16.58)
______------.-----:-0------~--"":--
As has been stated earlier .tbe Panna district is amenity in the vi1Jages of the district appears to be mostly hilly and cut up by hills and valleys. The education. Out of 947 villages in the district 586 (61.- region thus remains secluded and is economically 88) vilJages have some kind of educat'ional institu and socially very poor. The above table reveals that tion in it. Next amenity in terms of proportion of tbere are 947 inhabited villages in the district. As vil1ages seems to be approach ~Y pucca road covering many as 415 villages fall in the southern t,thsi} of 19.64 per cent of the villages ( 186) of district Pawai constituting 43.82 per cent of villages. Panna having pucca road. Panna is situated on the StBte tahsil with 43.61 per cent villages (413) closely Highway Chhatarpur-Rewa--Tikamgarh. This high follow. Ajaigarh, the northern tahsil of the district way is the main lick: for tb: district. Power supply has only 12.56 per cent villages. All villages of the comes next after approach by pucea road having district have drinking water facility. Next important 157 villages (16. S8 per cent) of this amenity. There xxvi
· appears to be sODie rapid protte5s ill tbe .pbere of cal·ameJiity available thert. This' is higher than the rural e lecttification iu tn t Mate~ 11.30per cent villages diU,ict J)trceb1age of 3.38 per cent. Panila "il with (J07) of the diUritt have post and telegraph anttbi· 3. If'pot c:tnt·r.anh s'tlcolld lfbilt:Pawai with 2.&9 pet tyavailaMe in them. At tht begininl of the cent villages bavinl tb'_ amenity, 'rankS third itt century· there wu Ohly one post office at Panna order otbierit. Out 'Of It9 vilhlges in Ajaiga1h tabsil town. Thus there has been rapid expansion of tbest 11 or 15.97 per cent viUages bave post and te]egraPlt facilities in the lastfew years. As far as the medical facB.ity available in thelD, while 10.90 and J0.39 per amenity is concerned tbe district appears to be very cent villages bave this amenity in Panna and Pawai poor. Only 32 villages have some kind of medical ta-bails, respectively. Ajaig1lrh wiab 9.24, ~3,53 and amenity available in them whic:t comes to 3.38 per 19.33 per ceot of villages ranks second in these cent of the total villages in the district. Greater emphasis is required to be given in the spbere of amenities. Pawai tah&il bas very few villages havil\& public health. As is the case in respect or medical communication (4.58). appr0ach by pucca road (7.23) amenity so is the case with market and hat facility in and power supply (10.60 amenities. It b rather the villages. Most of the rural economy depends on sUrprising that Panna tahsil with district headquarters tbe market/hat faci lhy in the villages. Only 2.64 per in it has less percentage of villages baving educa cent villages in the district have market/hat facility. tion. medical and post and telegraph amenities. Pawai with its more rural nature ranks first in Tahsilwise the position of different amenities market/hat with 2.89 per cent villages while Panna available in the villages is in conformity with the district position. Ajaigarh tahsil with 73,95 per cent tahsil with 2.66 per cent follow suit. Ajaigarh tahsil villages having education amenity is on top followed has only 2 villages (1.68 per cent) having market/bat by Panna tahsil with Gl.50 and Pa\\aj with 58.80 per facility. cent vilages ranks tbJrd. In respect of medical ame. nity Ajaigarh tahsil again ranks first with 5.88 per The following table shows tbe proportion of cent villages (7) having some kind or other medi" rural population served by different amenities.
TABLE 2 Proportion I)f Rural Population St'l ved by DifferellC Amenities
---~------...... --+----._------~ -- -- ~------.-.--~---.-- s]. Name of Total Popu. Proportion of rural population served by the amenity of No. Tahsil 'lation of ,---__ --'------"------.. -. -- -. ------~ inhabited Education Medical Drinking POs[ & Market! CoplnlUni- Approach Power villages in water Telegraph HlU cation by pucca supply the tahsil road ---~------.-.---~-----.:.-----. ------... - 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 ·10 11 ------... ------._.------_ .--.- ... ~ ------1 Ajaigarh 80,969 74,545 I! ,657 80,969 25,788 5,954 13,318 :?3,296 22,034 (92.07) (14.110) (100.00 ) OJ .85) (7.35) ( 16.45) (28.77) (21.21) 211,598 186. b54 29,616 : 11 •. 598 75,887 2y,612 53,357 96,515 92,515 """ Panna (88.21) (14.00) ( 100 . 00) ( 3 5 • 86 ) (13.99) (15.22) (43.61) (43.72) 3 Pawai 2.05,370 176,396 31,183 205,370 61,127 30,985 30,360 37,517 53,262 (85.~9) (15.18) (100.00) (30.06) (15.09) (14.78) (18.27) (25.94)
----,-----_ .. ----.. -.----~ ------r------.... --- _" ------=---~.---- Total District 497,937 437,595.72,456 497,937 163,402 66,551 79,035 157,328 167,811 (B8.87) (14.55) (1I}0.00) (32.82) (13.37) (19.49) (31.60) (33.70,
_...,.. ____ .--______~_ ~_..... ______...... - ______----. __-i.. __ ....._ .... _ xxvii
It would be- observed that 87.88 per cent nication. Approacb by pucca road facility is available population of the district is covered by education to the 31.60 per cent of the rural population of the facility in the district. Medical amenity is available district. No railway lin e passes through the district. to only 14.55 per cent population or tbe district. There is no National Higkway passing through the The district is very lowly pJaced in medical amenities. district. This is perhaps the biggest drawback in the Much needed to be done in improving the public general progress of the district. The nearest rail-head health facilities in rural areas of the district. is Satna, 7D kms. away to the east connected by Presuming that the village have only one medical -an excellent all weather road. Power supply seema institution of any type it means that there is one to be catching up very fast in tbe district. Thanks to dispensary I health centre for every 15,560 rural the rural electrification programme of the government population. 32.8~ per cent of rural population is 16.58 per cent villages of the district cover 33.70 per.. covered by post and telegraph amenity. Only 13.37 cent of the rural population of the district. per cent rural population is served by market/hat in rural areas. Market/hat is rural phenomena and entire Among th e tahsils Ajaigarh which is the smallest economy of the rural population depend s on it. LOOking tahsil in terms of population ranks first in education to the percentage coverage o( rural popUlation by this covering 92.07 per cent of Its population. Panna amenity it appears that rural people of the district tahsil with 88.21 per cent rural population coverage bas to depend much on the nearby urban centres to follow next and Pawai tahsil with 85.89 per cent CO'1lt's in the last. Ranking of tahsils by diifernt meet their day to day requirements. 19.49 per cent amenites is shown in the following inset to assess population of the district avail the facility of commu- the coverage.
- ___ ------______~ ______o ______- __
Sl. fahsil Education Mcdisal Post F.nd Marketl Communi Appraoch PC\wer No. TeI:graph Hat cation by pucea Supply load
--- ..-... ------_----_._ ~---- __ --..._.---._ --- -. -----_...... ------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 _------ ------_. -- '-.- --_.--_.. " _.... ~--- .------
Aj3.igarh 1 2 2 3 2 2 2
2 P'lnna 2 3 2 1
3 Paw::d 3 3 3 3 3
------_.------
It would be seen that Panna tahsil ranks first communication, approach by pucca road aud power in post and telegraph, communications, ap!,~oach suppJy. Pawai tahsil ranks third in ed'-lcation, post by pucca road aGd power ~uppJy, where.a~ AJalgar~ and telegraph, communication\ approach by pucca tahsil ranks first in education. SurprisIngly Pa~al wad and power supply. I t is curious to note that tahsil ranks first in medical and market/hat amemty. Panna tahsil which is thickly populated ranks second Panna ranks second in education, market/bat and in t'd ucation and third in mod ical. Ajaigarh ranks second in medical, post and tdegraph, . xxviii
Inset table below shows the distribution of villages not having certaiI1 amenities .ranged by distance ranges (rom the place where these are available.
TABLE 3
Distribution of villages not baving certain amenities arranged by distance ranges
from the places where these are available ------_------_-.-...._-- 8J. Villaga not having the Number of vi lIages where the amenity is not available and avai lab!e at No. amenity of distance of
r'------~--..A...- --.------~ -5 Kms. 5-10 Kms. 10+Kms Total (Col. 2-4)
------...... __ ------_ .. ------_._-..... _------2 3 4 5 6
-----~ ---.---~------.------,------.-~---.------_-
Educatjon 318 36 7 361
2 Medical 22:! 4S2 211 915
3 Drinking water 4 Post and Telc>graph SOil 275 59 840
5 Market/Hat 182 457 283 922
6 Communications 336 349 192 877
- _._------I ._------_--- ... _------
It may be seen form the foregoing table that at a distance of -5 kms while 32.73 per cent villages 38.12 per cent villages of the district do not have have this amenity at distance range 5-10 kms. 7.02 education facility. 96.62 per cent villages lack medical per cent villages have this amenity at a distance facility and 88.70, 97.:: 6, n. 60 per cent villages do beyond \0 kms. Out of 922 villages not having not have post and telegraph, market/bat and commu market'bat am~nity only 19.73 J'ler cent villages have nications amenities, respectively. Out of J61 villages this amenity available within 5 kms distance while not having education facility 88.0."\ %have thl!'. amenity 49.56 and 30.69 pef cmt villages have this amenity at a distance of -5 kms. whereas 9 97 per cent villagts at a distance range 5-10 kms and 10+ kms, r("spect have it 5·(0 kms away. J. 93 per cent villages have ively. Position in respect of communications is none this facility bf'yond 10 kms As regards medical too happy. Out of 877 villages not having this amenity only 24.26 per cent Villnges avail this amenity 38.31 per cent and 21.89 per cent villages facility at a distance of less than 5 kills while 52.67 have this amenity at 5~IO kms and 10i kms, res and 23.06 per cent village!> have to trek the distance pectively. Among the tahsils more or less the same of 5-10 and 10+ kms, respectively. Post and Tele picture emerges. graph facility is available in 60.23 per cent villages xxix
The following table shows the distribution of town and availability of different amenities. villages according to the distance from the nearest
TABLE 4
Distribution of viJIagt;S according to the distance from the nearest town and availability of different amenities.
-----... ------~- Distance range No. of inhabited No. (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of frolll the near villagt"s in r------~--- - _____.A.._ ------______~ est toWn (in each range Educa- Medical Drinking Post and MarketJ Commu- Approach POVier kms) tion water Telegraph Hat nications by pucca road supply ------_------_,__----... ----, 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------.. -----~------_- 17 13 0-5 17 4 5 10 7 (76.47) (100.00) 122.53) (5.88) (29.41) (58.82) (41.18)
6-15 104 67 5 104 15 44 :2 (64.42) (4.81) (IOn.Oll) \18.27) (0.96) (14.42) (44.31) (21 . 15)
16-50 574 371 21 17 42 120 106 «()4.()1) (3.()6) (IO:).()O) (11.15) (2.96) (7.32) (10.91 ) (18.41)
51+ 252 135 6 25..': ~o 6 8 12 22 (53.57) (~38) (100.(•. :) (7.90) (1.38) (3.17) (4.76) (8.1-')
Unspecified --_------_._----_ ---_ 947 586 32 947 107 25 70 186 157 (61.88) (3.38) (100.00) (11. 30) (2.64) (7.39) (19.64 ) (16.58)
- ______0 ______------_._-- __ _
The above table reveals that out of 947 in vHlages have any kind of amenity nearer to the vii 'age, habited villages in the district only 1. 79 per cent (17) Out .of 17 villages in the distance range 0- 5 kms. only villages are in the distance range 0-5 from the 13 vlllages (76.47 per cent) have education faci'lity nearest town, whereas 10.94 per cent villages are while 64.41 per cent villages of 6-15 distance range in the distance range fl-15 kms. 5 74 villages or 60.6 have education facility. Of the 586 villages having per cent villages are situated in distance range 16-50 education facility 63.30 per cent villages are in the kms. and remaining 252 (26.6 per cent) villages are distance range 16-50 kms and 23.03 per cent are. more than 51 kms. away from the nearest town. above 50 kms. from nearest town. 11.4 ptr cent ~2.21 per cent population of the district ~s rural and villages are in distance range 6-15 kms. Only 2.3 per there are only two towns in the dIstrict. Ajaigarh cent villages having any kind of educational, amenity and Panna tahsils each have one town only. Pawai are in distance range kms. from nearest town. is entirely rural tahsil. Nearest town for the 0-5 villages of this tahsil being Hatta in adjoining Damoh district and Murwara in Jabalpur district. A few As regards medical facility highest number of villages have Panna as nearest to\\OD. Tbere is not villages are in distance range 16-50 kms. There is a single village in distance range 0-5 kms. in Pawai no village in the distance range 0-5 kms. having medi and there are only 4 villages in the distance range cll facility. 18.7 per cent of villages having any kind 6-15 kms. from nearest town in tbis tahsil. As will be of medical amenity are in distance range 51+ kms. seen from the above table there are only 17 villages In resp~ct of post and telegraph market/hat, in tbe distance range 0-5 kms in the district of which communications, approal:h by pucca roaJ and power 12 are in Ajaigarh tahsil and remaining five in Panna supply also majori ty of villag~s are away from urban tahsil. It can therefore be inferred that very feW oentel'. xxx
Table No.5 below show the disribution of villages-according to population range and amenities avaiIllble.
TABLE 5
Distribution of villages according to population range and amenities avaiiabJe
------_------... ~------Range of Number of Number (with percentage) of villages having the amenity of Population inhabited r------"------__ --. .. illages in Education Medical Drinking Post and Market! Communi- Approach by Power each range water Telegraph H'.It cations pucca road supply ------_------2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ------_---_._------
Less than 499 627 272 2 627 !3 I 10 92 63 (43.38) (O. 32) (100. 00) (2.07) (0. 16) (2.55) (14.67) (10.05) .. 500~1. 999 I8H 185 15 188 .~ 58 11 22 37 48 (98.40) (7.98) (100.00) (30.85) (5.86) (11.70) ( 19.69) (25.53)
2,000-4,999 131 128 14 131 35 12 31 56 45 (97.71) (10.69) (100.00) (26.72) (9.16) (23.66) (42.75) (34.35)
5,000+ 1 1 1 1 (100.00) (1CO.OO) (lOO.OO) (100.00) (100.00) (lOO.CO) (100.00) (lOO.OO) ------....------Total 947 586 32 947 107 25 70 186 157 (61.86) (.3.38) (100.00) (31.30) (2.64) (7.39) (19.64) (16.58) ------_" ------
Majority of the villages of the district are small and medium sized viUages who have some kind of to medium sized villages. 66.2 per cent villages are -amenity but even here also the percentage of v:lIages small size villages havmg less than 499 population in the various population ranges is miserably low. while 19.8 per cent villages are medium sized villages with 500-1999 population. Only 13.8 per cent The following table shows the main ~taple villages are larger size villazes. i. e. having popllla food in the majority of villages in each tahsil. tion 2,000-4,999. There is only one village havmg more than 5,000 population. This village is P.:I.wai.the tahsil TABLE 6 headquarters. 43 .. 8 per cent vJllages in populati.Jn range.499 have ed ucational facility. More than 95per Main Staple Food in the Majority of villages cent villages in popUlation ranges 500-1999 & 2000- in each Tabsil 4999 are having educational facility available in them. Medical facility in the district is very poor ------_-_._------_ Only 15 villaget con~.t.;tutjng 7.98 per cent villages Sl. No. Name of Tahsil Main staple food in the popuJatlon rangt: 5uO-1999 have some kind of ------_..... _... _----_ medical am:!nity available. Similarly other ameniti::s are also available in very small number of villages 1 Ajai8lirh Wheat~ Rice m population range 500-1999 and 2000-4999, The 2 Panna Wheat, Rice only village in p)pulation range 5000 +have all the 3 Pawai Maize, Rice amenities in it. Among tbe tahsils also in is the large _-______- 9 ______,.. ____ x ,xi
Wheat atd rice form the main staple feod in Following table shows the diatribution of village. most of tbe villages of Ajaigarh and Panna tahsils accordina to tbe laud use. while Pawai has maize and rice as staple food •.
TABLE 7
Di5trllNltfoR of· Villages According to Land use
_. __ ------~ ------______a ___~_ -_-______- __..-_--:0- __4
Sl. Name of Tahsil No. of inhabited Total area Percentage of cultiv:il'lle Pec(;ent:1a¢ of irrigated No. villages area to tOlal area area to total Cultivable area ------_.. _------1 2 3 4 5 6 ------:---..,...--- 1 Ajaigarh 119 59.914.50 41.059.30 4.888.20 (68.53) (1l.91) 2 Panna 413 243,344.5 . 135,678.53 5.235.&' (55.76) (3.86) 3 Pawai 415 282,3'67.15 140,672.13 3,761.10 (49.82) (2.67)
____ • - - _____ - ____.~ __ _.._ - ___ •• _., ~. - .,. ___ .o-?'"' ___ - _____ ~ _____._...... ,.
Total District 947 585,626.19 317,409·96 13.885.11 (54.20) (4.37)
------.------~ ------_._---_-- Of the total area of 585,626 hectares, 317,409 hIghest percentage (11.91) of irrigated area to total hectares of land is cultivCl ble constituting 54.10 per cu~tivable area. Panna and Pawai tahsil follow suit cent of the total area. Ajaigarh tahsil has the highest with 3.85 and 2.67 per cent of its area under percentage of 68.53 per cent cultivable area while irrigation, respectively, Panna bas 55.76 per cent of its total area is cultivable. 49.82 per cent of Pawai tahsil's total· area is Growth, density and sex-ratio of urban popula cultivable. tion in: tbe district. in relation the state is shown Only 4.37 per cent of the cultivable area of the district is under irrigation. Ajaigarh tahsil has the! in the inset table below :-
TABLE 8 Growth, Density and Sex-ratio of Urban Population in the District in relation to the State
Di&trict State -- _._ - -...A.------_4 ___ - I -- -___, r- -- ~------, Cen- Total Urban %Urban Decadal Density S::x· Total Urban ~~Urban Decadal Density Sex- sus Popu- Popu· Popula- Percentage I Popu- ratio(No Popa- Popu- Popula- percentflge (popula- ratio(No year lation latiOll tion vanallon lali()n of females lation latian tion variation tion per offe.Q1ale in urban p.;r sq. per 1,000 in urban sq. kills.) per 1 ;000 popU'ation km. ) males) pc,pulation male.)
_____ -~.------0:------.----- 1 2 3 4 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 ; ------.__ . -----_------_ 1951 259,659 22,097 S .51 +21.94 147 936 26,071,637 3,132,937 12.02 +33.16 2,034 907 1961 331,257 16,737 5.05 -24.26 11.955 900 32.372,408 4,627.234 14.29 +47.70 2,482 856 1971 429,077 30,462 7.10 +82.(10 2,813 882 41,654,119 6.784,767 16,29 +46.63 2,378 868 1981 539,978 42,041 07.79 +38. 01 3,551 858 52,178,844 10,586,459 20.29 +56.03 2,170 884 ------;---.------xltX.i i
- ,t.. clo~e-.perusal of the a-bove table would show No new towns were added and declassified in the that proportion of Urb!lD population - in the- district 1981 Census as it Will_ be evident fe,om tb~( table is very low as compred to the atate. In 1951 the per below- centAge of urban population in the state was 12.02 TABLE 9 whereas in Panna d'istrict it was 8.S}, In the subse quent decades the proportion of urban population New TOg/ToWlls declassifjed iu 1981 Ceusus in the district declined because of declassification of Amallganj, Devendranagar Pawai and Ajaigarh in 1961 Census. During 1961-71 Census though there ------..,. ------bas been a substantial growth of population the urban Name of Town Population 1981 Census population of the district declined, In 1~71 and ------~ ~----- 1981 Censuses the percenta&e of urban population In 2 the district improved due to natural growth of urban - ---- ______1-- population and inclusion of AJaigarh as town in 1971. The growth of urban population during 1961-71 has (a) Added Nil been higbes~ in the district as compared to the state (b) Declassified Nil ,rowth r~e: D~nsity in the urban area; of the district has bigherthan the state except in 1951 in which it has been very low. The sex-ratio ir urian p()pulation of ------.- - --_._- -~ - _--_ -- -,--- the district has been higher in the district than the Per capita receipt and exp~nditure in towns of state 1Jrban sex-ratin (';ccept in ] 98] when it is lower than the state figure. the district is as !>hown in the inset table below :-
TABLE 10
Per capita receipt and expenditure in towns
" . -:-----~-... --'~------,.----~ _ ..... ___._. .- -_ ...... - ,------Class, N~ni'e and ejvj~ Per capita status of the town .__ ._ ------._ --- -- '-""':"'_ ~------'--- --~ Receipt Expenditure .( ______-"-_, ___...... ___ ~ _____ -:_ ..A._. ____ ~~ __ __..,
Total Receipt Receipt Total General Expenditure Public Expen~ Qthus through from all expen- adminis- on public works diture sNcify taxes . other dilure tration health and on public sources convenience institutions-
-.._-~----._------_------_ ------~ -_ .. _ .. _-----._ -'"""'------2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 ------_._---....------_ ... -- v Ajaigarh (G-P.) 8.78 2.53 6.25 6.68 2_25 1. 24 0.76 0.19 2.24 III Panna (M) 28.38 23.87 4.51 27.61 _ 5.79 8.03 0.97 12.82
--_--_...__ - --~------.------~------Panna has a l}lunicipality and Ajaigarb has Gram tUfe In both the towns is well within the total Panchayat. A perusal of the above statement would receipts. Highest expenditure is shown under the reveal tbat receipts from all other soulces is compa bead general administration while lowest is an other -ratively higher than the receipts through taxes in public institutions. Other aspects, public health and case of Ajaiga h town whereas tlie positioD of Panna conveniences follow general ad ministration in that municipality is just the reverse, The total expend i- order. xxxiii
In respect of Panna town expenditure und er 0 ther Very nesligibJe amount is spent on public institutions aspects share a larger proportion of total expenditure. Next in order of amount spent comes vnder. head The inset table 11 shows schools per ten thousand public works followed by general administration. population in towns.
TABLE II
ScJwoJs per t.. tbousud population in to"DS
------~-.------~------Class, Name and civic No. per ten thousand populati.on status of town _-.------.A...-----.------~~ Higher Secondaryl Junior Primary Secondary/ Matriculation Secondary/ Inter /PUC! Middle Juni or College ------_------_------_#,_------_ 2 3 4 5 ------... _---_.__ --._------III Aiaigarh (G. P. ) :1 4 8 IV Panna (M) 1 2 7 ------It would be aern that Ajaigarh town is served II ~owns in Panna district information ill respect of better in respect of ed ucation facility than Panna slum population is nil . town. Ajaigalh has two higber secondary schools TABLE 13 4 middle schools and eight primary schools per ten ProportioD of Slum population in town thousand population. H may be noted here that --_---_._ ---.------the population of Ajaigarh town i, 8,367 pel sons Class, Name and Proportion of Density in only. Panna town has 1 higher secondary school, civic Status of Slum popUlation slums the town to total population (per sq.Km) 2 middk schools and 7 primary schools per ten thousand population. Table J2 below showl> number 2 3 of beds in medical institlJtions in towns. ----.__------.._ Nil TABLE 12 The following table shows the most important Numb_r (If Beds itl MedicallnstitutioDs in Towns commodity manufactured, imported and exported
______r - __ in the towns. ------~, ------TABLE 14 No. of beds in Class, Name and Most importallt commodity manufactured, imported medical insti:utions Civic s(atu5 of and exported in t(lwn the towns per 1,000 popula:ion --- _._,-_.:.------, ----- Class, Name Most important commodity 1 2 llnd civic r------.-___".A...__.._------.. status of Maunfactured Exported Imported ----.--_,------the towns V Ajaigarh (G. P) ------2 3 4 III Panna (M) ------~------JV Ajaigarh (GP) Furniture Pulses Cloth Dimond Cloth Ajaigarh town has only oue bed in the medical III Panna (M) Furni ture ------.~------~~------institution per IOdO population whereas Pdnna town It would be seen that (urn iture is the ml'st imp has 5 beds per 1,000 population. ortant commodity manufactured in both the, towns. Panna is cia!.s III town whereas Ajaigarh Ajaigarh exports pulses whereas Panna exports j~c)ass V tOWIl. Since there is no class I and class diamonds. Both the towns imports cloth. 20' 3~ UTiA~ ~ ~~ 0, ~o ;s~ MADHYA PRADESH TAHSil AJAIGARH ,DISTRICT PANNA
I I 0 2 4 6 MIL!S DISTRICT ~A .. ' \ SATNA 2 I 0 2 4 I &KILOMETRES IUTTAR \ I PRADESH REFERENCE / 'OUNOARY : STATE""""""""""."""""""""""._".,,_H_ ' OlshICT.." .. " ..... " ...... "." '''''' " " .. _. __ • JAHSIL ...... ,.""" ... _,_,_._· • VW6E WITH LOCATION COOE NUMeER"." Ci:J HEADOUARTERS: TAHSIL " .... " .. " .. " ... ,...... " ...... "... @ VILLAGES WITH POPULATION SIZE: BELO\\' 100,,,,
2~9, 500-999, 1000-4999 "'''''''''''''''' ..... 0 • , • utlHA8ITEO .VILLAGES "" .. """""."." ... " .. "."".,,.... X 'URBAN A~EA WITH LOCATION COOE""""" ... " ... " ... " .. METALLED ROAD'.. "" .. "", .. ".""""".""" .. " ... "... ". __ UNMETALLEO ROAt ... ,"."". ,.. " ...... ,, ... "." ,...... ======:: RIVER AND STREAM ..... " .. " .. ''' ... ''''." .... '''.'''' ...... ~ ~~:~STOf~~~AI Po'~~"'A'~~'·~,~~~~~~~~'·~i~l~i·::::::· ~ HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL., .. """ .... "" ...... " 5 PRIMARY HEALTH CENTRE I DISPENSARY...... , , + MARKET I ~AT ''' ...... , ...... '''''' .. ,...... ''''... ,
HO