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Coreopsis Tinctoria Uses Temporal Gaps to Avoid Interspecific Competition with A

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Coreopsis Tinctoria Uses Temporal Gaps to Avoid Interspecific Competition with A Coreopsis tinctoria uses temporal gaps to avoid interspecific competition with a C4 grass. Texas Society for Ecological Restoration 14 November 2015 Introduction BS, Landscape Architecture Purdue University, 1993 MS, Environmental Science UTSA, 2013 Pima County Introduction Coreopsis tinctoria (Asteraceae) Common names include: •coreopsis •goldenwave •calliopsis •golden tickseed Introduction Distribution Coreopsis tinctoria (Asteraceae) Introduction Commonly found in: •disturbed areas •nutrient poor areas Poor competitor against C4 grasses. Introduction Hypothesis Test • Coreopsis tinctoria uses ° De Wit Replacement temporal gaps to avoid Series interspecific competition ° Simulated Temporal with C4 grasses. Gaps • Temporal gaps combined with spatial vegetation gaps offer a synergistic effect. Methodology Simulated Temporal Gaps - February +60 +30 +0 -30 -60 Mono Gaps Methodology Simulated Temporal Gaps - March +60 +30 +0 -30 -60 Mono Gaps Methodology Simulated Temporal Gaps - April +60 +30 +0 -30 -60 Mono Gaps Results 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 Mean total dry mass potper (g) mass dry totalMean +60 10:2 +30 8:4 +0 6:6 Gap 4:8 -30 2:10 Frequency Ratio -60 Results Coreopsis tinctoria Bouteloua curtipendula 100 100 100 80 84 70 60 68 40 45 38 38 20 Percentage of maximum of Percentage 8 mean total mass produced meantotal 13 0 +60 +30 +0 -30 -60 Gap Results 8.0 0:12 2:10 4:8 6:6 d 8:4 10:2 12:0 6.0 c c 4.0 b b c b a c c b b c 2.0 b b b * a a 0.0 24.0 a 20.0 a a a a b b b a 16.0 b b 12.0 b * b b b Mean total dry mass potper (g) mass dry totalMean 8.0 c c c 4.0 c c c 0.0 +60 +0 -60 Gap Results 14 Bouteloua curtipendula 12 Coreopsis tinctoria A 10 B 8 6 C CD 4 DE DE Mean total mass/pot (g) mass/pot total Mean E 2 E E E 0 +60 +30 +0 -30 -60 Gap Results 1.0 Ct Bc 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 mono 0.0 P )/ -0.2 mix +60 P +30 -0.4 – 1.0 mono P 0.8 ( 0.6 0.4 Relative Intensity Relative Competitive 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -30 -60 -0.4 10:2 8:4 6:6 4:8 2:10 10:2 8:4 6:6 4:8 2:10 Frequency Ratio (Ct:Bc) Conclusions • Suppression of coreopsis mass when sideoats grama has a head start support that coreopsis is not a good competitor. • Avoids most interspecific competition effects with a 60 day growth advantage. • Avoids competition by establishing in temporal gaps before environmental conditions favor growth of sideoats grama. • Establishing in both temporal and vegetative gaps further decreases interspecific competition effects. Future Research How does increased atmospheric CO2 concentration affect plant competition? • Shift in temporal gaps • Change in spatial gaps • Thelesperma filifolium (greenthread, C 3) • Bouteloua curtipendula (sideoats grama, C 4) • Nassella leucotricha (Texas wintergrass, C 3) Questions? Thank you. PHOTO CREDIT All photos by Kevin Eddy, unless otherwise noted. WORKS CITED Böhm W. 1979. Methods of studying root systems. Springer-Verlag, New York. 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