This Week in History

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This Week in History 1898 July 1 | Capture of San Juan Hill Club member Colonel Theodore Roosevelt and “the Rough Riders” capture Kettle and San Juan Hills in Cuba during the Spanish-American War. Theodore Roosevelt is posthumously awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor in 2001 by our Club’s honorary member President George W. Bush. 1776 July 2 | Continental Congress Approves Independence The Continental Congress approves a resolution of independence prompting John Adams to write to his wife that “The Second day of July 1776 will be the most memorable epoch in the history of America.” The Declaration of Independence is officially adopted on July 3rd and signed on the 4th of July. 1863 July 3 | Battle of Gettysburg On the third day of the Battle at Gettysburg, Confederate General George Pickett is ordered by General Robert E. Lee to charge against Major General George Meade’s Union positions on Cemetery Ridge. The Confederates are repulsed with heavy casualties. Lee is forced to surrender and retreat back to Virginia. President Lincoln returns to the battlefield in November to dedicate the new national cemetery and there delivers his Gettysburg Address. 1866 July 4 | Initial Idea for the Metropolitan Museum of Art Founding member Ambassador John Jay, while at a 4th of July dinner in Paris, states “it is time for the American people to lay the foundations of a National Institution and Gallery of Art,” leading to an organizational meeting at our Club and the establishment of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 1870. The museum opens in 1872. 1801 July 5 | Admiral David G. Farragut Honorary member Admiral David G. Farragut is born in Virginia. Farragut remains loyal to the Union and serves with great honor during the Civil War. At the Battle of Mobile Bay, he famously orders “Damn the torpedoes, go ahead full speed,” and the battle is won. Farragut’s statue stands proudly in Madison Square Park near 26th Street and Fifth Avenue. 1981 July 7 | Justice Sandra Day O’Connor Honorary member President Ronald Reagan nominates Sandra Day O’Connor to be the first female justice of the United States Supreme Court. Justice O’Connor serves on the court until retiring in 2006 and is awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States, in 2009. Justice O’Connor is elected an honorary member of the Union League Club in 2004..

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Reconstruction 1863–1877
11926_18_ch17_p458 11/18/10 12:45 PM Page 458 C h m a 17 p o c t . e Hear the Audio b r a 1 l 7 y a or t ist www.myh Reconstruction 1863–1877 CHAPTER OUTLINE American Communities 459 The Election of 1868 White Resistance and “Redemption” Hale County, Alabama: From Slavery to Woman Suffrage and Reconstruction King Cotton: Sharecroppers,Tenants,and the Southern Environment Freedom in a Black Belt Community The Meaning of Freedom 469 Moving About Reconstructing the North 482 The Politics of Reconstruction 461 African American Families, Churches, The Age of Capital The Defeated South and Schools Liberal Republicans and the Election Abraham Lincoln’s Plan Land and Labor After Slavery of 1872 Andrew Johnson and Presidential The Origins of African American Politics The Depression of 1873 Reconstruction The Electoral Crisis of 1876 Free Labor and the Radical Southern Politics and Society 476 RepublicanVision Southern Republicans Congressional Reconstruction and the Reconstructing the States:A Impeachment Crisis Mixed Record 11926_18_ch17_p459-489 11/18/10 12:45 PM Page 459 Theodor Kaufmann (1814–1896), On to Liberty, 1867. Oil on canvas, 36 ϫ 56 in (91.4 ϫ 142.2 cm). Runaway slaves escaping through the woods. Art Resource/Metropolitan Museum of Art. Hale County, Alabama: From Slavery to Freedom in a Black Belt Community n a bright Saturday morning in May 1867, had recently been O4,000 former slaves streamed into the town of appointed a voter Greensboro, bustling seat of Hale County in west- registrar for the dis- central Alabama.They came to hear speeches from two trict.
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The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: the North’S Union Leagues in the American Civil War
Civil War Book Review Spring 2019 Article 10 The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: The North’s Union Leagues in the American Civil War Timothy Wesley Austin Peay State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr Recommended Citation Wesley, Timothy (2019) "The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: The North’s Union Leagues in the American Civil War," Civil War Book Review: Vol. 21 : Iss. 2 . DOI: 10.31390/cwbr.21.2.10 Available at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/cwbr/vol21/iss2/10 Wesley: The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: The North’s Union Review Wesley, Timothy Spring 2019 Taylor, Paul. The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: The North’s Union Leagues in the American Civil War. Kent State University Press, $45.00 ISBN 9781606353530 Paul Taylor’s The Most Complete Political Machine Ever Known: The North’s Union Leagues in the American Civil War reestablishes the significance of an underappreciated force in America’s political past. Once celebrated roundly for their contributions to Union victory, Union Leaguers have faded somewhat from our collective national memory. However understandable such amnesia might be given the trend of historians in recent decades to question the significance of everyday politics in the lives of wartime northerners, it is nevertheless unfortunate. Indeed, Taylor argues that the collective effect of the Union Leaguers on wartime Northern politics and the broader home front was anything but unimportant or inconsequential. Rooted in the broader culture of benevolent, fraternal, and secretive societies that characterized the age, the Union League movement was all but predictable.
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In 1848 the Slave-Turned-Abolitionist Frederick Douglass Wrote In
The Union LeagUe, BLack Leaders, and The recrUiTmenT of PhiLadeLPhia’s african american civiL War regimenTs Andrew T. Tremel n 1848 the slave-turned-abolitionist Frederick Douglass wrote in Ithe National Anti-Slavery Standard newspaper that Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, “more than any other [city] in our land, holds the destiny of our people.”1 Yet Douglass was also one of the biggest critics of the city’s treatment of its black citizens. He penned a censure in 1862: “There is not perhaps anywhere to be found a city in which prejudice against color is more rampant than Philadelphia.”2 There were a number of other critics. On March 4, 1863, the Christian Recorder, the official organ of the African Methodist Episcopal (AME) Church, commented after race riots in Detroit, “Even here, in the city of Philadelphia, in many places it is almost impossible for a respectable colored per- son to walk the streets without being assaulted.”3 To be sure, Philadelphia’s early residents showed some mod- erate sympathy with black citizens, especially through the Pennsylvania Abolition Society, but as the nineteenth century progressed, Philadelphia witnessed increased racial tension and a number of riots. In 1848 Douglass wrote in response to these pennsylvania history: a journal of mid-atlantic studies, vol. 80, no. 1, 2013. Copyright © 2013 The Pennsylvania Historical Association This content downloaded from 128.118.152.206 on Wed, 09 Jan 2019 20:56:18 UTC All use subject to https://about.jstor.org/terms pennsylvania history attitudes, “The Philadelphians were apathetic and neglectful of their duty to the black community as a whole.” The 1850s became a period of adjustment for the antislavery movement.
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Juneteenth Timeline Compiled and Edited by James Elton Johnson April, 2021
Annotated Juneteenth Timeline compiled and edited by James Elton Johnson April, 2021 The Juneteenth holiday is a uniquely American commemoration that is rooted in the Civil War. With an emphasis on southern New Jersey, this timeline is constructed from a regional perspective of metropolitan Philadelphia. 1860 November 6 Abraham Lincoln elected president December 18 The Crittenden Compromise is proposed by Kentucky Senator John J. Crittenden. This proposed legislation would have extended the Missouri Compromise line (36o 30’ latitude north) to the Pacific Ocean. Both Republicans and Democrats opposed this plan. Republicans were concerned about the territories being open tto slavery and unfair competition for white workers. Democrats were against any restriction on slavery in the territories. December 20 South Carolina secedes. President James Buchannan fails to act. 1861 January 9 Mississippi secedes January 10 Florida secedes January 11 Alabama secedes January 19 Georgia secedes January 26 Louisiana secedes February 1 Texas secedes March 4 Lincoln is inaugurated March 21 The Corvin amendment (below) is passed by Congress and submitted to the states for ratification. If ratified, this proposed 13th amendment would have explicitly enshrined the system of slavery into the U.S. Constitution. No amendment shall be made to the Constitution which will authorize or give to Congress the power to abolish or interfere, within any State, with the domestic institutions thereof, including that of persons held to labor or service by the laws of said State. 2 But for the outbreak of war, ratification of the Corvin amendment by the states was quite likely. Introduced in the Senate by William H.
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Union League Club
THE 2 61 4 75; UN IO N L EA G UE C L UB NEW YO RK HOUSE FIFTH AVENUE CORNER or EA T THIRTY-NINTH TREET , S S MDCCCLXXXVII Or a z uar 6 1 86 . g ni ed Febr y , 3 o ora ar 1 6 1 86 . Inc rp ted Febru y , 5 - No 2 6 as tr l o s . C ub H u e , E t Seventeenth S eet , M 1 2 1 86 O a . pened y , 3 - w -s x o s a so cor. as e Club H u e, M di n Avenue , E t T enty i th Stre t , O r I 1 868 . pened Ap il , - - o s cor. t tr t Club H u e, Fifth Avenue , Thir y ninth S ee . O a 1 88 1 . pened M rch 5, Press of ' P POTHM S ons G . S New York grzsiaznts. R BERT B MINTURN O . JONATHAN STURG ES CHARLES H MARSHALL . JOHN JAY 1 866 to KS 3 S UL Z JAC ON . CH T WILLIAM H PPIN J . O SEPH H CH ATE JO . O JOHN JAY GEORG E CABOT WARD HAMILTON FISH WILLIAM MEVARTS . CHA NCEY MDEPEW U . O fftzm for 1 8 8 7 . DE T P RE SI N . CHAUNCEY M . DEPEW . V -P DE N TS I CE RE SI . L G . O O . O E RAND B CANN N , J SMEPH W H WE , O . C RNELIUS N BLISS , JA ES C CARTER , VERMILYE H L O . JAC B D , MARS AL B BLAKE , G .
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Timeline 1863
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE 1863 Jan. 1 President Abraham Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation. It frees all slaves in regions under Confederate control and authorizes the enlistment of black soldiers. Note that it does not outlaw slavery in all areas of the country. Tennessee, which is under Union control (and whose constitution will be among the first to ban slavery); Southern Louisiana, which has remained loyal to the Union; and the border states of Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri are exempt from the Emancipation Proclamation, even though slavery exists in its cruelest forms in all six states. [See September 5, 1864] “ African Americans in New York City hold a Grand Emancipation Jubilee at Shiloh Church, a night-watch of celebration in anticipation of the Emancipation Proclamation. Hundreds of people attend, almost one-third of them white. “ TN Lucy Virginia French of McMinnville writes in her journal: “A New Year commenced today—heaven grant that ere it ends peace may reign among us once more.... I rose with new thanksgivings for the victory of yesterday [Stones River]....Old Abe is said to have revoked his Emancipation Proclamation—his message is a ‘funny’ document—the butt and laughing stock of all Europe—in it he recommends ‘gradual’ emancipation.” “ TN Skirmishes near Clifton as Forrest crosses the Tennessee River there, On his way out of West Tennessee; skirmishes at and near LaVergne and at Stewart’s Creek. Jan. 2 TN C.S. General Breckinridge attacks the Federal position at Stones River late in the day. Although initially successful, he is eventually repulsed & withdraws. With 23,000 casualties, Murfreesboro/Stones River is the second bloodiest battle fought west of the Appalachians during the Civil War.
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The Dispatch General Meade Society of Philadelphia, Inc
The Dispatch General Meade Society of Philadelphia, Inc. Newsletter – Fall 2015 “Forget Not His Deeds” ***************************************************************************************** General Meade Spring Trip, May 2nd, 2015 The day dawned bright and warm, with nary a cloud in the sky. Forty plus Meade Society members as well as others interested in the Civil War, gathered at Laurel Hill Cemetery. The topic: Meade Sites in Philadelphia. After our itinerary and some background by Andy Waskie, off we went on a full day of activities, visits to churches, graveyards, monuments and … well, things that aren’t there anymore. First stop, the Federal Navy Yard on Federal Avenue, the Old Navy Yard and “refreshment saloons” of that area near Front and Water Street. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The General Meade Society of Philadelphia is an educational non-profit 501c3 organization chartered by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The mission of the Society is to promote and preserve the life and service of Major General George Gordon Meade (USA), Commander of the Army of the Potomac. The Society’s Board of Directors meets at the Cannstatter Volksfest-Verein, 9130 Academy Road, Philadelphia, PA 19114, on the 2nd Thursday of designated months starting at 7:00 P.M. All Society members are welcome. Board of Directors Officers Directors Andy Waskie, PhD, President Ginny Benner Tom Kearney Mike Peter, Vice-president Tom Benner Jeanne O’Toole Jerry McCormick, Treasurer Albert El Joe Perry Michael Wunsch, Corresponding Secretary Ken Garson Joseph Pugh Joe Hauptmann, Recording Secretary Carol Ingald Blair Thron Jack Ward www.generalmeadesociety.org [email protected] 215-204-5452 http://www.facebook.com/pages/The-General-Meade-Society-of-Philadelphia/175046292538630 1 This section of the city was a staging area and encampment for many thousands of troops.
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Union League of Philadelphia
Union League of Philadelphia Location: 140 South Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102 Hours/Access Policy: Limited access Link to Website: http://www.unionleague.org/index.php Contact Information: Institutional, 215-563-6500 Individual: James Mundy at [email protected] or 215-587-5592. Overview: The Union League of Philadelphia is a shining jewel of history in the heart of the cultural and commercial district of Philadelphia, a city defined by such treasure. Founded in 1862 as a patriotic society to support the Union and the policies of President Abraham Lincoln, it laid the philosophical foundation of other Union Leagues across a nation torn by Civil War. The Union League has hosted U.S. presidents, heads of state, industrialists, entertainers, and visiting dignitaries from around the globe. It has also given loyal support to the American military in each conflict since the Civil War, and continues to be driven by its founding motto, "Love of Country Leads." The classic French Renaissance-styled League building, with its brick and brownstone façade and dramatic twin circular staircases leading to the main entrance on Broad Street, dates to 1865. Additions to the building in the Beaux Arts style, designed by Philadelphia architects Horace Trumbauer and Julian Abele and completed in 1910 and 1911, expanded the building to occupy an entire city block. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. Inside, the traditional décor is accented in rich leather, patinated wood and polished marble. Adorning the walls and hallways is the League’s distinguished collection of art and artifacts.
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Collection 1805.060.021: Photographs of Union and Confederate Officers in the Civil War in America – Collection of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel George Meade U.S.A
Collection 1805.060.021: Photographs of Union and Confederate Officers in the Civil War in America – Collection of Brevet Lieutenant Colonel George Meade U.S.A. Alphabetical Index The Heritage Center of The Union League of Philadelphia 140 South Broad Street Philadelphia, PA 19102 www.ulheritagecenter.org [email protected] (215) 587-6455 Collection 1805.060.021 Photographs of Union and Confederate Officers - Collection of Bvt. Lt. Col. George Meade U.S.A. Alphabetical Index Middle Last Name First Name Name Object ID Description Notes Portrait of Major Henry L. Abbott of the 20th Abbott was killed on May 6, 1864, at the Battle Abbott Henry L. 1805.060.021.22AP Massachusetts Infantry. of the Wilderness in Virginia. Portrait of Colonel Ira C. Abbott of the 1st Abbott Ira C. 1805.060.021.24AD Michigan Volunteers. Portrait of Colonel of the 7th United States Infantry and Brigadier General of Volunteers, Abercrombie John J. 1805.060.021.16BN John J. Abercrombie. Portrait of Brigadier General Geo. (George) Stoneman Chief of Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, and staff, including Assistant Surgeon J. Sol. Smith and Lieutenant and Assistant J. Adjutant General A.J. (Andrew Jonathan) Alexander A. (Andrew) (Jonathan) 1805.060.021.11AG Alexander. Portrait of Brigadier General Geo. (George) Stoneman Chief of Cavalry, Army of the Potomac, and staff, including Assistant Surgeon J. Sol. Smith and Lieutenant and Assistant J. Adjutant General A.J. (Andrew Jonathan) Alexander A. (Andrew) (Jonathan) 1805.060.021.11AG Alexander. Portrait of Captain of the 3rd United States Cavalry, Lieutenant Colonel, Assistant Adjutant General of the Volunteers, and Brevet Brigadier Alexander Andrew J.
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Reconstruction: When Freedom Broke
High School | Grades 9–12 RECONSTRUCTION: WHEN FREEDOM BROKE ESSENTIAL QUESTION What was the promise of Reconstruction and what achievements did Black people make toward this promise? OBJECTIVES Students will: → Analyze primary source material to → Define Reconstruction and describe better understand the perspectives some of the key achievements of of Black Americans during Recon- this era. struction, the challenges they faced → Explain the significance of the and their accomplishments. Reconstruction Amendments (the → Create a poster representing key 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments achievements of Black Americans to the U.S. Constitution). during Reconstruction in one area, → Investigate the Freedmen’s Bureau such as employment, education, and its role in aiding Black Americans voting and elected office and land during Reconstruction. ownership. LEARNING STANDARDS See the standards alignment chart to learn how this lesson supports New Jersey State Standards. TIME NEEDED 65 minutes + time for students to complete research project MATERIALS → AV equipment to listen to/view → The Promise of Reconstruction audio and video clips, and to project handouts (one set of each of the a website following per small group) → Thomas Nast’s “Emancipation” • Employment handout (one copy to project or one • Education per student) • Voting and Elected Office → Thomas Nast’s “Emancipation” • Land Ownership Explained handout (one copy for → Access to laptops or tablets teacher reference) VOCABULARY 13th Amendment emancipation/emancipated HBCUs 14th Amendment Emancipation Juneteenth 15th Amendment Proclamation reconstruction “40 acres and a mule” enslaved secede/secession Civil War Freedmen’s Bureau 21 Procedures PART I Defining Reconstruction (45 mins.) Tell students that they will listen to an audio recording of a NOTE 1 former enslaved woman, Mrs.
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Government Behind Closed Doors United States of America, a Nation
Private Citizens: Government Behind Closed Doors United States Of America, a nation with a history as colorful as its flag. One of the eras in the nation’s history that to this day is studied by historians is the American Civil War. The American Civil war took place from April of 1861 to April of 1865, resulting in one of the most gruesome and bloodiest chapters in America’s history. What a lot of people never realize, is that the war was not just a series of battles fought between two sides of a once unified country, but it was a war surrounded by politics that were influenced by many great people at the time. A private citizen by the name of Francis Lieber, is one of the great unsung heroes of the civil war. In order to understand the accomplishments of Francis Lieber, you first need to look at the events that made up the man behind the accomplishments. As a young boy, he grew up in the chaos that was the Napoleonic Wars; old enough to participate in the battle of Waterloo. After which he continued his study of the teachings of Friedrich Ludwig Jahn1. This shows how Lieber was dedicated enough to not only learn about what he believed in, but also willing to fight for what he believed in. After going into war, no man ever returns the same, showing how his life possibly effected his views later on. Lieber soon took up mathematics in Berlin where he was labeled as liberal and a conspirator by the government 2.
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Full List of Exhibit Artifacts
Contact: Merissa Blum, 215-409-6645 [email protected] Civil War and Reconstruction: The Battle for Freedom and Equality Exhibit Artifacts Building to Crisis Impact of Slavery Receipt for the $775 purchase of Lucy Ann, an enslaved woman in Richmond, Virginia, 1862 (Louisiana Research Collection, Tulane University) Token used to advertise a slave auction house in South Carolina, 1846 (Courtesy of Angelo Scarlato) Slave shackles, 1830s (National Constitution Center Collection) Handmade mandolin crafted by an enslaved person, ca. 1800s (On loan from The National Civil War Museum, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania) Printing block depicting a runaway slave that was used for newspaper advertisements, ca. 1820s-30s (Courtesy of Angelo Scarlato) The Underground Railroad by William Still, first edition, 1872 (Courtesy of The Civil War Museum of Philadelphia and The Abraham Lincoln Foundation of The Union League of Philadelphia) Dred Scott Dred Scott’s petition for freedom, 1846 (St. Louis Circuit Court, Missouri State Archives – St. Louis) Scenes in the Life of Harriet Tubman, 1869 (The Library Company of Philadelphia) Anti-Slavery Movement Uncle Tom’s Cabin, first edition, 1852 (The Library Company of Philadelphia) Pen and inkwell used by Frederick Douglass, ca. 1800s (National Park Service, Frederick Douglass National Historic Site) “Any Holder But A Slave Holder” potholder, ca. 1800s (Courtesy of Angelo Scarlato) The Anti-Slavery Alphabet children’s book, 1847 (The Library Company of Philadelphia) Pike purchased by John Brown for his planned Harpers Ferry Raid, an armed raid to free enslaved people, 1857 (From the Collection of the Civil War Museum of Philadelphia on loan from Gettysburg Foundation) The Civil War Abraham Lincoln Portrait of Abraham Lincoln by David Bustill Bowser, an African-American artist, ca.
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