Integration of the Local Cultures in English Syllabus Design for Eight Graders of Islamic Junior High School (Ijhs) Miftahussalam Demak
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INTEGRATION OF THE LOCAL CULTURES IN ENGLISH SYLLABUS DESIGN FOR EIGHT GRADERS OF ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (IJHS) MIFTAHUSSALAM DEMAK THESIS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Master Degree in Linguistics Roif Ahmad 13020214410013 FACULTY OF HUMANITIES DIPONEGORO UNIVERSITY SEMARANG 2017 www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University i www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY I, Roif Ahmad, do hereby declare that this thesis work entitled “Integration of the Local Cultures in English Syllabus Design for Eight Graders of Islamic Junior High School (IJHS) Miftahussalam Demak” for the award of M.Hum is my original work and that it has not previously formed the basis for the award of any degree or any other similar title of any institution or any university. Other writers’ opinion or findings included in this thesis are quoted or cited in accordance with the ethical standard. Semarang, May 17th, 2017 Roif Ahmad ii www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University A THESIS INTEGRATION OF THE LOCAL CULTURES IN ENGLISH SYLLABUS DESIGN FOR EIGHT GRADERS OF ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (IJHS) MIFTAHUSSALAM DEMAK Submitted by Roif Ahmad 13020214410013 Approved on May 17th, 2017 for plagiarism check and thesis examination to get master degree by Advisor, Dr. Suharno, M.Ed. NIP 195205081983031001 Master Program in Linguistics Head, Dr. Deli Nirmala, M. Hum. NIP 196111091987032001 iii www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University A THESIS VALIDATION INTEGRATION OF THE LOCAL CULTURES IN ENGLISH SYLLABUS DESIGN FOR EIGHT GRADERS OF ISLAMIC JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL (IJHS) MIFTAHUSSALAM DEMAK Submitted by: Roif Ahmad 13020214410013 Approved by Strata II Thesis Examination Committee Master Degree in Linguistics on June 5th, 2017 Chairman Dr. Suharno, M.Ed. Date ( - 06 - 2017) NIP. 195205081983031001 First Member Dr. Deli Nirmala, M.Hum. Date ( - 06 - 2017) NIP. 196111091987032001 Second Member Dr. Nurhayati, M.Hum. Date ( - 06 - 2017) NIP. 196610041990012001 Third Member Dr. Agus Subiyanto, M.A. Date ( - 06 - 2017) NIP. 196408141990011001 Accepted and declared in Semarang On June , 2017 Head of Master Program in Linguistics, Dr. Deli Nirmala, M.Hum. NIP. 196111091987032001 iv www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University ACKNOWLEDGEMENT No proper words except saying Alhamdulillah and thanks to Allah, S.W.T, the almighty, for giving me the blessing, the strength, and the pertinacity to finish this research entitled “The integration of local cultures in English syllabus design for eight graders of Islamic Junior High School (IJHS) Miftahussalam Demak” as my final project as a graduate student at Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University. I would like to take this good opportunity to thank my advisor, Dr. Suharno, M.Ed, who provides me time, continuous encouragement, motivation, and also constructive suggestions to finish this final project. I also really thank to Dr. Deli Nirmala, M.Hum. as Head of Master Program in Linguistics and to Dr. Nurhayati, M.Hum and Dr. Agus Subiyanto, M.A as my thesis examiners. All lecturers and administration staff of Master Program in Linguistics and all of my friends whom I cannot mention one by one have assisted me to finish this final work. My thanks go to the Principal of Miftahussalam Islamic Junior High School, Muhammad Najmuddin, S.Ag, S.Pd, Vice Principal of curriculum, Muhammad Kharis, S.Pd, all English teachers who helped me conducting this research, and all students of eighth grades of Miftahussalam Islamic Junior High School who already welcomed to complete my research instruments as good as possible. My gratefulness is addressed specially to my best parents (Ahmadun and Farikah), my beloved sisters (Ana, Rima, and Pipit), and my strong wife, Ratih Dewi RS, who keeps praying and supporting me during my studies. They are my source of motivation and encouragement. v www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University DEDICATION “Man Jadda Wa Jada (those who do it seriously will be successful)” This thesis work is dedicated to: Bapak Ahmadun and Ibu Farikah, the best parents ever, who always support my study, pray for my success, and keep my determination. My sisters, Ana, Ikrima, Pipit, who always bring happiness in my small family. My wife, Ratih Dewi RS, who always gives her smile and patience for me. All of my friends, I wish no end come to our friendship. vi www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University LIST OF CONTENTS CERTIFICATION OF ORIGINALITY ii APPROVAL iii VALIDATION iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT v DEDICATION vi LIST OF CONTENTS vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi LIST OF TABLES xii LIST OF FIGURES xiii LIST OF APPENDICES xiv ABSTRACT xv INTISARI xvi CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study 1 1.2 Statements of the Problem 4 1.3 Objectives of the Study 5 1.4 Significances of the Study 5 1.5 Definition of Key Terms 6 1.6 Scope of the Study 7 1.7 Outline of the Thesis 8 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 2.1 Previous Studies 9 2.2 Theoretical Review 13 2.2.1 Profile of IJHS Miftahussalam Demak 13 2.2.2 General Concept of Curriculum and Syllabus 14 2.2.3 Choosing Syllabus Framework 17 2.2.3.1 Situational Syllabus 18 2.2.3.2 Task Based Syllabus 18 2.2.3.3 Text Based Syllabus 19 vii www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University 2.2.3.4 Content Based Syllabus 19 2.2.4 Designing Syllabus 21 2.2.4.1 Need Analysis 21 2.2.4.2 Environment Analysis 22 2.2.4.3 Principles 23 2.2.4.4 Goals, contents and sequencing 24 2.2.4.4.1 Goal 24 2.2.4.4.2 Choosing Contents 25 2.2.4.4.3 Sequencing 26 2.2.4.5 Format and Presentation 26 2.2.4.6 Monitoring and Assessment 27 2.2.5 Culture in Language Learning 28 2.2.5.1 Cultural aspects in language learning 30 2.2.5.2 Cultural content for syllabus design 31 2.2.5.3 Tasks for integrating culture in language teaching 33 2.2.6 The Level of Difficulty 34 2.2.7 English Skills 35 2.2.7.1 Listening 35 2.2.7.2 Speaking 36 2.2.7.3 Reading 37 2.2.7.4 Writing 38 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODS 3.1 Research Design 40 3.2 Research Procedures 41 3.3 The Subjects of the Study 42 3.4 Description of teachers and students 42 3.5 Data Resources 43 3.6 Research Instruments 43 3.6.1 Questionnaire 43 3.6.2 Observational checklist/ field note 45 3.6.3 A test 45 viii www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University 3.7 Techniques of collecting data 45 3.7.1 Administering Questionnaires 46 3.7.2 Doing Interview 46 3.7.3 Doing Observation 47 3.7.4 Reviewing Documents 48 3.7.5 Distributing a test 48 3.8 Techniques of analyzing data 48 CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION 4.1 Finding of English textbook review 50 4.1.1 English textbooks used by English teachers 50 4.1.2 Cultures that can be found in the textbooks 51 4.1.2.1 English in Focus 53 4.1.2.2 Bahasa Inggris: CTL 55 4.1.2.3 Scaffolding 57 4.1.2.4 LKS “LP MA’ARIF NU” 59 4.2 Finding of existing syllabus review 60 4.3 Finding of the needs of students 62 4.3.1 Validity and reliability of questionnaire 62 4.3.2 Finding of students’ motivation and aim 63 4.3.3 English skills needed 65 4.3.3.1 Listening skill 66 4.3.3.2 Speaking skill 67 4.3.3.3 Reading skill 68 4.3.3.4 Writing skill 69 4.3.4 Learning experiences 70 4.3.5 Students’ obstacles 71 4.3.6 Overview of skill performance and difficulties 73 4.3.7 Skill contribution 74 4.3.8 The use of learning material 75 4.3.9 Finding of cultural topics view 76 4.3.10 Skill improvement 77 ix www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University 4.3.11 Additional comments and suggestions 78 4.4 Finding of stakeholders’ questionnaire 79 4.5 The list of cultural topics for learning English 79 4.6 Findings of environment analysis 80 4.6.1 Societal factors 81 4.6.2 Institutional factors 81 4.6.3 Project factors 82 4.6.4 Teacher factors 83 4.6.5 Student factors 84 4.6.6 Adoption factors 84 4.7 Integrating local cultures in designing syllabus 85 4.7.1 Determining format and presentation of syllabus 85 4.7.2 Stating goal and objectives 86 4.7.3 Choosing course contents and course sequence 87 4.7.3.1 Course Contents 87 4.7.3.2 Course Sequence and Scope 88 4.7.4 Comparing local cultures based syllabus and existing syllabus 88 4.7.4.1 Contents of Syllabus 88 4.7.4.2 Format of Syllabus 91 4.7.4.3 Finding the Effectiveness of Syllabus 91 4.8 The Implementation of Local Cultures based syllabus into material 93 CHAPTER V CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion 96 5.2 Suggestion 97 REFERENCES 99 APPENDICES 104 x www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS BSNP : Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan CBI : Content Based Instruction CTL : Contextual Teaching and Learning ELT : English Language Teaching IELTS : International English Language Testing System IJHS : Islamic Junior High School/MTs KD : Kompetensi Dasar KTSP : Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan LKS : Lembar Kerja Siswa MGMP : Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran SI : Standar Isi SK : Standar Kompetensi TEFL : Teaching English for Foreign Language TOEFL : Test of English as Foreign Language xi www.eprints.undip.ac.id © Master Program in Linguistics, Diponegoro University LIST OF TABLES Number of Title of table Page table 3.1 The number of students 43 3.2 Likert scale and meaning 49 4.1 Existing English materials 51 4.2 Insertions of cultures 51 4.3 Cultural topics inserted