Palabras clave Madeira. de isla la para naturalizadas especies var. var. nipponica Pteris de presencia la vez por primera registra se trabajo este En vasculares. plantas de grupos otros con que ocurre ala paralela es ralizadas natu totalmente de helechos especies de muchas La recientedetección flora. la de total del 401, de 33% es el lo que exóticas supone aproximadamente vasculares plantas de taxones de total número El exóticas. y14 son consideradas más nativas especies 44, unos mayoría, siendo gran la macaronésicos, endemismos ocho otros exclusivos, son endemismos ocho ellos, De incluye de pteridofitas. Madeira taxones de 74 archipiélago del vascular flora La Resumen Keywords of Madeira. island the subauriculatum nipponica of Pteris occurrence The plants. of vascular groups other in observed to that parallel process isa taxa fern alien naturalized fully several of flora).33%detection recent total The of the 401is (i.e. taxa plant vascular alien of number The total taxa. introduced 14and as referred majority, native 44, vast the being endemics, Macaronesian are eight endemics, exclusive are eight these, Of taxa. includes flora 74pteridophyte vascular archipelago Madeira The Abstract albolineata W.C. cretica Pteris (syn. Shieh Revista Scientia Insularum Scientia Revista Goniophlebium, Madeira,Pteris Goniophlebium, ferns, : alien, Pedro Nascimento* de Menezes Sequeira** &Miguel João Pedro Ferreira*, Cabral*, Brazão*, Laura André (Blume) C. Presl as new naturalized plants is recorded for the first time for time first for the recorded is plants naturalized new as Presl (Blume) C. Hooker) yGoniophlebium subauriculatum : especies exóticas, helechos, Goniophlebium helechos, exóticas, : especies TWO NEW ALIEN FERN TAXA FOR TAXA FERN ALIEN NEW TWO MADEIRA ISLAND (PORTUGAL) ISLAND MADEIRA EXÓTICOS HELECHOS DE TAXA NUEVOS DOS PARA LA ISLA DE MADEIRA (PORTUGAL) MADEIRA DE ISLA LA PARA DOI: https://doi.org/10.25145/j.SI.2020.03.09 DOI: , 3; diciembre 2020, pp. 145-153; 2020, diciembre , 3; e-2659-6644 ISSN: L. var. albolineata var. L. , new records. , new W.C. cretica Pteris (syn. Shieh , Madeira, Pteris , Madeira, (Blume) C. Presl como nuevas nuevas como Presl (Blume) C. Goniophlebium Hooker) Goniophlebium and , nuevos registros. , nuevos L. L. -

REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 145 REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 146 res, Portugal. Biology, CIBIO - Azo Evolutionary and Biodiversity in Network Research InBio, Portugal. Funchal, [email protected]. author: Corresponding Portugal. Madeira, Funchal, coast of of Morocco), 741 area coast an has km west from the 630 and km Portugal (978 from mainland Atlantic km eastern the Menezes de Sequeira 2014, de Sequeira Menezes 2015). de Sequeira Menezes and Jardim (e.g. Ferreira plant taxa vascular of alien expansion current elucidates the that taxa number of naturalized total the in increase to an Vetaas 2005). and Ferrer-Castán 2004; (Capelo of al. Madeira et island probably and of the eruptions in recent lack diversity by volcanic the ecological and topography namely, heterogeneity age, diversity (a island factor), related bioclimate Ginovés Acebes 2008; de Sequeira 2010; (83) al. et Silva 2005; Menezes (Sánchez-Pinto and Madeira al. et Jardim than more however, taxa fern has Azores of taxa, fern native diversity number and higher plants. of vascular 1204 taxa contribute for 33% plant taxa endemics). of 9 Macaronesian vascular Introduced and endemics, 6Madeiran taxa, 78 be, numbers could total com.,pers. actual the 14 majority (44) and native the endemics, are (according to introduced Rumsey, are 8Macaronesian exclusive endemics, where 8are archipelagos, Selvagens and Madeira (2008), de Sequeira Menezes of the and in 74 atotal Jardim occur pteridophyte taxa 2014). de Sequeira Menezes and (5.6 Jardim Ma, to archipelago According Madeiran Linder (1990),Linder Walker (1993) al et Xing and (1984), (2005), (1993), Miyam and Nauman Hovenkamp (1998), Nogueira Rödl- followedidentification Gibbyand Paul (1994), al et Derrick Taxonomical were University Herbarium. included the ofspecimens in Madeira description. Collected plant community and number ofaltitude, individuals Madeira island (32º island 52’Madeira 32º and 38’ N, 16º 39 17º and 15’ in located W), ** * The recent identification of naturalized ornamental species corresponds species ornamental The recent identification naturalized of the has Madeira archipelagos, other Macaronesian the with Comparing Fieldwork 2016 took in place 2017, and included slope, recorded data Madeira Botanical Group (GBM), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidade da Madeira, Madeira, da Universidade Sciences, of Life Group (GBM), Faculty Botanical Madeira Madeira Botanical Group (GBM), Faculty of Life Sciences, Universidade da Madeira, Madeira, da Universidade Sciences, of Life Group (GBM), Faculty Botanical Madeira 2. MATERIAL AND METHODS AND MATERIAL 2. 1. INTRODUCTION 2010). Several factors can explain this 2010). this al. et explain can factors Several 2 . (2013). . and is the more of the the is recent and island 2011, al. et and Pupo-Correia . (1987), Bennel Page and - (figure 1). (figure Shieh nipponica W.C. Pteris New taxa: recognized, recognized, of genus species Pteris four archipelago Madeiran the (1998) to Nogueira According or In slopes. steep it walls on rock grows shady (GISD unclear is 2010; range its native pantropical GBIF as referred 2017a). (GISD species 2010; ornamental due as todistributed its use 2010). Stace Although cretica 139 m, 01-VIII-2017, of ca. altitude s/n UMad (sub LB42, Pteris Berimbau, Luís (Kunkel 1971). nipponica (Kunkel Pteris archipelagos, both In (Sjögren 1973; Azores the found in archipelago 2010) al. et Silva Canarian the and incompleta Pteris and L.). Portugal Pteris nipponica Pteris Macaronesia, In Pteris nipponica Pteris P. vittata , Madeira Cav. (Gibby native as &Paul 1994). P. tremula P. L., Figure 1. nipponica Pteris Figure , known as white-striped Cretan brake fern, widely is brake Cretan white-striped as , known

(syn. close to a pathway at an to at close an apathway alevada Across , Calheta. Pteris cretica Pteris 3. RESULTS 3. R. Br. P. R. and multifida P. cretica P. as , referred L. var. albolineata L. in Porto da Cruz. Porto da in escaped from cultivation as as from cultivation escaped L. (Pteridaceae) were so far were far so (Pteridaceae) L. Hooker) (Pteridaceae) Hooker) (Pteridaceae) Poir. species alien as var. albolineata var. , is , is

REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 147 REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 148 is close to close is (Gibby fronds pinnate variously and Paul 1994). and irregular P.having multifida P. nipponica P. separates that character main the stripe, abroad, not white, central fronds with decurrent, nipponica 4. 3. 2’. 2. 3’. 1. 2017b). GBIF over world 1984; the Bennel and all (Page plant much commercialized ornamental 1971; plant (Kunkel ornamental an Sjögren 1973). nipponica P. 1’. 4’. happened for P. vittata as island, the in everywhere rocks and possibly, frequent on very become walls it will plant but, to naturalized asub be spontaneous appears species this Madeira, In Goniophlebium subauriculatum to one corresponding individual. sometimes number of individuals, figure (Machico, 1). Porto in Cruz da observed included Populations a also reduced below 250 it m, and Calheta foundwas in was habitats, rocky in naturalized fully Its occurrence as naturalized in Madeira Island constitutes the first naturalization naturalization first the constitutes Island Madeira in naturalized as Its occurrence subauriculatum of G. reference naturalization to the 1856; (Lowe gardens 1984) Bennel European Page and many in nocultivated is there Middleton 2012; and (Lindsay 2019). Hassler to Australia Malesia widely Although throughout Vietnam, Laos, Burma, China, SW India, NE includes that range native s/n. UMad (figure 2).AB62. 193 ca. alt. m.01-VIII-2016. caminho, de um Rupícola, margem na Brazão, André

Fronds pinnate, pinnae simple pinnae pinnate, Fronds at in rachis broad-winged relatively to decurrent fronds of mature Pinnae segment on pinna sori triangular, narrowly contiguous, segments Pinna Pinnae irregularly divided into linear segments linear into divided irregularly Pinnae Fronds more divided Fronds equal margins segment on pinna sori lanceolate; decurrent, segments Pinna Pinnae of mature leaves not decurrent to relatively broad-winged rachis or rachis broad-winged relatively to not decurrent leaves of mature Pinnae Pinnae pinnatisect Dichotomous on Gibby based Paul 1994 and key 1993 Nauman and Pteris nipponica Pteris in length in The potential impacts nipponica of P. impacts Thepotential margins longer on basiscopic side than on acroscopic side on acroscopic than side on basiscopic longer margins least distal 1/2 of frond, pinnae all green all pinnae 1/2 of frond, distal least central stripe white, broad, with pinnae on rachis, decurrent pinna terminal only Goniophlebium subauriculatum Goniophlebium Portugal P. multifida from P. multifida distinguished be also can Pteris nipponica Pteris ...... , ...... Madeira ...... from P. multifida from and P. tremula and is easily distinguished from other Madeiran Pteris from other Madeiran distinguished easily is Pteris Pteris fronds. on much segments fertile , but narrower has ...... , Funchal, Madalenas, Caminho de Santo António. Caminho Madalenas, , Funchal, (Blume) Presl, Tent. C. (figure 2). (Polypodiaceae) (Vieira 2002). (Vieira One population of , commonly known as Caterpillar Fern, has a a Fern, has Caterpillar as known , commonly (Nauman 1993)...... as alien species are largely unknown. unknown. largely are species alien as 1987). 1987). al. et (Derrick Europe in for having pinnae of mature of mature pinnae for having ...... is an appreciated an is

Pteris incompletaPteris

Pteris nipponicaPteris Pteris multifida P. nipponica P.

Pteris tremula Pteris

Pteris vittata Pteris taxa by taxa 4 3 2 , Naturalized individuals were found elsewhere in Funchal (S. Roque). Funchal were in found elsewhere individuals Naturalized habitats. rocky or shady exposed in both populations occurring small forming 170 (below to low altitudes restricted far so ma.s.l.) Santo António (Funchal), in vittata Pteris as such ferns other alien with communities forming crevices, or rock wall in mainly areas, new reproduction therefore it and colonize may sexual support asuccessful Observations of place introduction. away from the dispersing clearly populations, perpetuating F. Rumsey, Com.). pers. 1856; (Lowe 1990, surface Rödl-Linder on its adaxial protuberances raised forming frond, the in sori, yellowish-brown immersed its uniserial is character diagnostic Another rhizome. scaly densely and acreeping with a brown articulated stipe a pubescent It rachis, has base. at the sub-auriculate and onserrate edges, the rachis, the with articulated shape, in to acuminate lanceolate and long, narrow colour, pinnae have in fronds a pendulous bright habit, green with are lanceolate long, up to 129 very is cm, slender simply-pinnate habit. weeping and The fronds et al et Pinto Sánchez- 2010; 2009; al. et Silva Ginovés al. et 2008; de Sequeira Acebes Menezes and (Jardim for species Europe both genus and and reference for Macaronesia Figure 2. Goniophlebium subauriculatum 2. Figure Goniophlebium subauriculatum Goniophlebium subauriculatum 2010). al. et Ginovés Acebes 2005; . Nephrolepis cordifolia Nephrolepis and L. in Funchal, Madalenas, Caminho de Santo António. Santo de Caminho Madalenas, Funchal, in was found establishing fully naturalized, self- naturalized, fully found establishing was can be easily identified taking in account account in it taking identified easily be can (L.) C. Presl. It was found Presl. It C. (L.) was

REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 149 REVISTA SCIENTIA INSULARUM, 3; 2020, PP. 145-153 150 da Natureza, IP-RAM Natureza, da plants. ornamental as used and stress’scontrolmanagement efficient for need urgent species of the an further 1856; (Lowe nurseries 1984; Bennel Page and GISD 2010), naturalization their and and and nipponica Pteris Both 2006). al. et (Li landscaping and plants garden ornamental as al. (Robinson et welfare environment for the consequences both human and catastrophic raddianum Adiantum (in species native Madeira to displacing be known are and ranges their expanding steadily are ferns alien distribution. restricted a nearby, subauriculatum G. observed specimens while without cultivated other away from each far established populations with range to its distribution for one the observed than more clearly advanced is 2004). However, al. et P. nipponica (Pyšek naturalization species processnaturalized intervention, should considered be both human as and without direct growth, of capable independent by populations from recruitment spores orreplacing ramets Review and edition of the final draft: M.S., L.C. M.S., draft: edition of final and the Review J.F., Discussion: and Results P.N., L.C A.B., M.S. Methodologies: J.F., P.N., L.C., A.B., M.S. Field work: J.F., P.N., L.C., A.B. J.F.Introduction: comments. valuable for their anonymous an reviewer and Rumsey Fred acknowledge want to also The authors 2010). More than 50% of the alien taxa correspond to plants originally introduced introduced 2010). correspond originally to plants taxa 50% of alien the More than Goniophlebium subauriculatum The authors are grateful to the IFCN ( theIFCN to grateful are The authors The potential impacts of these alien species are unknown. However,unknown. are other alien species these of impacts Thepotential Both Pteris nipponica Pteris 6. AUTHORS’ CONTRIBUTION AUTHORS’ 6. ) for the collecting permit (n. permit ) for collecting the 5. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and and 4. DISCUSSION 4. Goniophlebium subauriculatum correspond to plants often used in gardens and and gardens in used often correspond to plants Recibido : octubre de 2019; de : octubre aceptado Instituto das Florestas e Conservação eConservação Florestas das Instituto C. Presl is a clear example), aclear Presl is with C. G. subauriculatum G. o 05/IFCN/2017 -Flo Mad). appear to form self- appear : marzo de 2020 de : marzo mainly due mainly has, so far, so has, Kunkel Jardim Hassler GISD. 2010. Pteris cretica Acebés Ginovés Acebés Jardim Jardim Gibby GBIF. 2017a. Pteris cretica Capelo GBIF. 2017b. cretica Pteris var. albolineata Ferrer-Castán Ferreira Derrick Christenhusz , M. and Paul and , M. Menezes de Sequeira Menezes and , R. Menezes de Sequeira Menezes and , R. 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