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Central African Republic REPORT | 1 SEPTEMBER 2016 Conflict Analysis: Central African Republic 5 MARch – 23 APRIL 2016 COVER Beneficiaries of a CRS and Caritas food voucher program talk to Julien Bakolo (left) of Caritas in the town of Boda, Lobaye District, Central African Republic. This assessment focused on locations where CRS is conducting ongoing response, early recovery, and social cohesion programming in the northwest of the country, in the prefectures of Nana-Mambéré, Ouham, and Ouham-Pendé, as well as the southwest’s Lobaye prefecture. Photo by Sam Phelps for CRS Report prepared by Laura McGrew ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This report was written by Laura McGrew, with inputs including the provincial sections from James Sayre (former CRS CAR Program Manager, consultant) and Ian Proctor (CRS CAR Program Manager for Peacebuilding, Governance, and Gender). It was edited by Ian Proctor, Mahamadou Maiga (CRS CAR Food Security and Livelihoods Coordinator), Joseph Muyango (CRS CAR SECC Team Leader), Margarett Désilier (CRS Senior Advisor for Special Projects), Katherine Price (CRS CAR Head of Programs), Robert Groelsema (CRS Africa Justice and Peace Working Group Team Leader), Valerie Stetson (CRS CARO Deputy Regional Director for Program Quality), and Laura Groggel (CRS CARO Regional Technical Advisor for Peacebuilding, Governance, and Gender). It was based on a preliminary report written by Laura McGrew and edited by John Katunga and James Sayre of Catholic Relief Services. Technical editor: Solveig Bang Catholic Relief Services is the official international humanitarian agency of the United States Catholic community. CRS’ relief and development work is accomplished through programs of emergency response, HIV, health, agriculture, education, microfinance and peacebuilding. CRS eases suffering and provides assistance to people in need in more than 100 countries, without regard to race, religion or nationality. Copyright © 2016 Catholic Relief Services. Any reproduction, translation, derivation, distribution or other use of this work is prohibited without the express permission of Catholic Relief Services (“CRS”). Please obtain permission from [email protected] or write to: Catholic Relief Services 228 West Lexington Street Baltimore, MD 21201‑3443 USA 1.888.277.7575 www.crs.org Acronyms CACF Action Contre la Faim AU African Union BINUCA Integrated Peacebuilding Office in the Central African Republic CA Conflict analysis CAF Conflict Assessment Framework CAR Central African Republic CCCS Comités Communautaires pour la Cohésion Sociale CDJP Commission Diocésaine Justice et Paix CEJP Commission Episcopal Justice et Paix CIPP CAR Interfaith Peacebuilding Partnership CNT Conseil National de Transition CPJP Convention des Patriotes pour la Justice et la Paix COOPI Cooperazione Internazionale CRS Catholic Relief Services DDR Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration DDRR Disarmament, demobilization, reintegration, and rehabilitation DRC Democratic Republic of Congo EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FACA Forces Armées Centrafricaines FDPC Front Démocratique du Peuple Centrafricain FGM/C Female genital mutilation/cutting FPR Front Populaire pour le Redressement FPRC Front Popularie pour la Renaissance de Centrafrique GBV Gender-based violence HR Human rights HROC Healing and Rebuilding Our Communities ICG International Crisis Group IDP Internally displaced persons IOM International Organization for Migration IRC International Rescue Committee IRIN Integrated Regional Information Networks JICA Jeunesse Islamique Centrafricaine LRA Lord’s Resistance Army LWF Lutheran World Federation MINUSCA Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic MISCA International Support Mission to the CAR MPC Mouvement Patriotique pour la Centrafrique MSF Medecins Sans Frontières NGO Nongovernmental organization NRC Norwegian Refugee Council NTC National Transitional Council OCHA Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OFCA l’Organisation des Femmes Centrafricainne OHCHR Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights PCRC Plateforme des Confessions Religieuses en Centrafrique PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder PM Prime Minister RJ Révolution et Justice RJDP Réseau des journalistes pour les Droits de l’homme SECC Secure, Empowered, Connected Communities SFCG Search for Common Ground SGBV Sexual and gender-based violence SSR Security sector reform UFDR Union des Forces Démocratiques pour le Rassemblement UNOCHA UN Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance UN United Nations UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNSC UN Security Council UNSG United Nations Secretary General US United States USAID US Agency for International Development USIP United States Institute of Peace WFP World Food Programme Contents I. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................1 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................................................................2 II. CONTEXT ..........................................................................................................................................................7 1. History and background .........................................................................................................................................................7 2. Political/security ........................................................................................................................................................................9 a. The Government ........................................................................................................................................................................... 9 b. Justice and security .................................................................................................................................................................... 9 c. DDRR, SSR, and child soldiers ............................................................................................................................................... 11 d. Human rights ................................................................................................................................................................................. 12 e. Refugees/IDPs ............................................................................................................................................................................... 14 f. The September/October 2015 violence ............................................................................................................................. 15 g. Elections and the Constitution.............................................................................................................................................. 17 3. Economic ......................................................................................................................................................................................18 4. Transhumance ............................................................................................................................................................................21 5. Socio-cultural ..............................................................................................................................................................................22 6. External influences ...................................................................................................................................................................26 III. CONFLICT DYNAMICS ....................................................................................................................................30 1. Key issues ......................................................................................................................................................................................30 a. Fragmented security and conflict between armed groups .................................................................................... 30 b. State services failure .................................................................................................................................................................. 32 c. Violent political contestation ................................................................................................................................................. 32 d. Competition over resources ................................................................................................................................................... 33 e. Agro‑pastoral conflict ................................................................................................................................................................ 33 f. Refugees/IDP return .................................................................................................................................................................. 34 g. Cross‑cutting themes ................................................................................................................................................................ 34 2. Key actors.....................................................................................................................................................................................36
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