'MijidU^yjy CMCMICAL MtDICAL a. SCfENTIFIC PERIODICALS ' AND BOOKS

NEW YORK I ;exa ^

i .•Jiiliwr-ptioii $l.no. WOODS HOLE, MASS., FRIDAY, JULY 8, 1927. Sni;;U' Number 1. Ci'Pit'K, 15c. EVOLUTION OF THE DR. Ii£;LBRUNN I- CHEMICAL ROOM GIVES LI :CTURE Naming of

By Oliver S. Stroiifj The outstanding impression Is Traced to rrcf-sscir iif NouroloK.v and N'euro- Hisloli>K.v in Columbia T'niversily. that Dr. Heilbrunn gave in his lecture (the second of this year's "THE STORY OF WOODS HOLE" Dr. Edwin Grant Conklin The writer has been requested series) is t h at protoplasm, Zoology, Princeton University to give a brief sketch of the his- though quite a complex mixture Piofcc.sor of- tory of the institution known as of substances some of which We op?n the first number of our second volume wdth one of a may vary from plant to animal series of articles in which Dr. Conklin will relate to us the history of the Chemical Room of the Ma- Woods Hole. Later he will describe to us the founding and the first ancl from species to species, acts rine Biological Laboratory at days of the Marine Biological Laboratory. No one is so eminently in a surprisingly uniform man- fitted for the task that Dr. Conklin has undertaken, and we consider and also the system Woods Hole ner under diverse influences. ourselves fortunate in having the privilege of placing this fascinating upon which it is run. Both Even if it is a potpourri it acts story before our readers. owing to lack of time and to the like a uniform substance. "It of Knicker- limitation of space not much is profitable, therefore to speak MiXER MARKS START After the manner of the colloid chemistry of prop- bocker's "History of New York", more than a very hasty sketch OF SOCIAL SEASON toplasm, just as it is possible to History", can be given, largely from mem- or Wells' "Outline of the colloid chemistry of speak of The local social season began of Hole should ory, fortified by some figures the Story Woods soaps or proteins." auspiciously on Saturday eve- taken from various records begin with the glacier that Perhaps one reason why mix- ning, July 2, with the M. B. L. made our hills and holes. Fol- available. tures, or rather obvious mix- Mixer, the annual party given lowing the glacial epoch, should The history of the Chemical tures behave very much like by members of the Club, under Room dates back into the dim "pure" substances under many the direction of Mrs. C. H. Farr come the peopling of this conditions, is that the "pure" past of the Marine Biological and her committee. region with plants, animals, and substances are not pure, and The clubhouse was beautifully Indians. Unfortunately there Laboratory. We first find it that frequently minute traces of decorated with daisies, coryop- emerging, apparently, as an en- are no living witnesses or writ- materials, scorned in most chem- sis, smilax and privet, and Jap- tity with George W. Hunter as ten records of those prehistoric ical analyses, may produce as- anese lanterns were strung .ut- "Storekeeper" in 1897. This later tonishing effects. Thus abso- side for a garden party. The times, nor of the much individual, by the way, is the lutely pure iron has not yet been occasional spatterings of rain period when the Norsemen visit- one whose text-book of Biology so prepared ; but the purest iron during 1>he evening failed to ed this coast and named it has in more recent times been far made is quite a different dampen the spirit of the party. only one of the sources of irritation "Vineland the Good". Our metal from what we all know. There was a genial attempt to to the Fundamentalists, culmin- relic of the Norsemen is found And "absolute" alcohol, accord- become better acquainted with ating in the famous Scopes trial. in the former spelling of Woods ing to the official tables, is sup- fellcw workers and as the party In 1899 we find the title of his to posed to boil at about 78 degrees ended it was noted that there "Holl", which was supposed be position changed, to "Chemist", C—but Prof. H. B. Baker kept had been gratifying success. Norse for "hill" and accordingly a title which has been main- absolute alcohol over phosphor- The Jerry Bowes orchestra the original spelling "Hole" tained until the present day. It us pentoxide for 91/2 years, and which played from 10 to 12 may be remarked parenthetical- was formally changed to "Holl"' found that its boiling point was added much to the gaiety of the ly that the old in 1877 and a stone on the small Latin proverb then about 38 degrees C. Under party, and in its humble way arched bridge over the inlet to similar circumstances the boil- even the floorwax aided in (Continuad on Paga 11) the Eel pond recorded this ing point of metallic mercury the latter of smoothing out part change, until that bridge was also went up 60 degrees C, and the entertainment from a sort removed and the present draw- LABORATORY ACTIVITIES benzene, heptane, acetone, and of bobbing folk dance to the un- bridge constructed about fifteen other substances showed large a ball. dulations of years ago. The official name of Friday, July 8 though lesser advances. Obvi- earlier Refreshments served this place was "Woods Holl" 4:00 -6;00 P. M. ously, mere traces of water can consisted of ice in the evening from 1877 to 1896 when the U. M. E. L. Tea. Members of the Ex- produce astounding effects. And mints, cream, cup cakes and a S. Postofnce changed the name ecutive Board receiving. any one who has worked with delightful innovation from the back to "Hole", much to the dis- colloids knows the necessity for Tussday, July 12 ice cream cones occasionally gust of many, including Prof. meticulous care in avoiding un- 8:00 P. M. served. Whitman, who had named cer- Evening Lecture. wanted impurities, and the cur- DR. EDWIN G. Members of Mrs. Farr's com- tain local species "hollensis". CONKLIN, Prof, of Biology ious results nroduced by small mittee, who aided materially in Princeton The stone tower on the hill be- University. Subject: amounts of this or that. Thus, the success of the party, were "Localization Phenomena in Em- tween Little Harbor and Nob- about three parts of gelatin per bryology". Dr. Alvalyn Woodward, Mrs. ska, now built into Mr. Carle- million will sensitise collodial W. W. Crawford. Mrs. Walter Friday, July 15 ton's house, was not a relic of gold sols against coagulation by E. Gan-y and Miss Elizabetn 8:00 P. M. Norse occupation, as many per- sodium chloride; but if very Kinney. Four of the girls from Evening Lecture. DR. E. M. LAN- sons supposed, but was a water little more be used, the gelatin DIS, University of Pennsylvania. the chemical room were kept tower built by Mr. Glidden about protects the gold against this Subject: ''Permeablity of t h e bu.sy during the evening tag- 1870. and for obvious reasons calamity. Capillary Wall". ging the guests as they ap- was long known as the "Rustic Saturday, July 9 "The average biologist is not peared, with their names and Spoon Holder". 9:00- 12:00 P. M. so much concerned as to wheth- institutional connections. It B -fore the coming of Europ- Club Dance. Orchestra. M. B. L. er it flows readily or not; that was estimated that more than ean.'^. Indians were fairly numer- Club. Admission free to mem- three hundred guests were bers; 75c for non-members. (Continued on Page 9) present at the Mixer. (Continued on Page 2) '' ' '! — —— —

PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

Naming of Woods Hole front of the Breakwater Hotel. Friendly Indians received them Is Traced tD Norsemen with presents of sassafras, and the Sachem smoked the pipe of Fourth Large Printing, in Press vCor.. 1) peace with Gosnold. They then proceeded to Falmouth and de- ous here, especially along the dicated the Memorial Boulder the Railroad Cross- THE SCIENCE OF Bay Shore, as is proved by shell- ., ust beyond

heaps, arrowheads, graveyards, I ing at the entrance to the village and Indian names of places. The settlement at Succanes- BIOLOGY Some of their descendants are sett was soon abandoned, and still left at Mashpee, Gay Head the present town of Falmouth the Vineyard. and Indian Hill on was first settled in 1660 by peo- An Introductory Story In- John Eliot, Apostle to the ple from West Barnstable. through this region dians went Woods Hole land was first ap- BY preaching to the aborgines. portioned among its thirteen The earliest record of Eng- settlers on the 23rd of July. GEORGE G. SCOTT, Ph.D. lish discovery and settlement on 1P.77. Quisset was settled in this Continent is that of Capt. 1691. College of the City of New York Bartholomew Gosnold in May There were many stirring 1602, five years before the set- events hereabouts during the Partial List of Adoptions What Educators Say tlement of Jamestown, and 18 Rpvohitionary War. British years before the landing of the War Vessels were often in Vine WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSITY "The author has rendered a at Provincetown and Pilgrims ^ard Sound and especially at f^nc service to all teachers and coasted HOLY CROSS COLLEGE Plymouth. Gosnold Tarpaulin Cove. A British students in this all-embracing nlong "Cape Cod" and "Martha's flppt of ten sails visited Woods TUFTS COLLEGE treatment within the covers of Vineyard", which he so named. TTnle, April 1st. 1779; marine;^ IOWA STATE COLLEGE a single volume." American It seems probable from his ac- killed cattle and attempted Fcb'cation. THE CITY OF NEW count that he anchored at Vine- liurn the town, but were driven COLLEGE OF later landed at YORK yard Haven and rff. They returned April 3rd and vhat is new Woods Ho-e May 31, rarncnnded Falmouth, but were KALAMAZOO STATE NORMAL 1602. He named the island, call- --.-e^^ontod from landing by four SCHOOL defined, the ed by the Indians "Cuttyhunk", companies of militia of about "Biology, as SKIDMORE COLLEGE living "Elizabeth" in honor of hi.s ?'^0 men. At one time a schooner science of things, is pre- sented in careful fashion . . . Queen, and to this day the chain laden with corn from Connecti- SOUTHWESTERN COLLEGE of islands between Buzzards characterized by scientific sane- cut, was seized by a British --^T7-U.\ STATE COLLEGE FOR Vineyard is call- ness and a wide sweep of bal- Bay and Sound privateer as he was entering the W"MEN ed the "Elizabeth Islands", and anced vision." Journal of Ap- , Sound and taken to Tarpaulin STATE TEACHERS' COLLEGE, plied Sociology. <:he township is known as "Gos- Cove. Col. Dimmick, who com- nold". to Gosnold MANKATO, MINN. A monument ; manded the militia of the town, was placed on Cuttyhunk, near was notitied of this and with CLEVELAND SCHOOL OF EDU- the place where he had built a twenty men in three whale CATION fort-ified house in 1602. He also br.ats, he pulled to the Cove, OKLAHOMA CITY UNIVERSITY "Well fitted to ba a high madp n settlement near wh.it is schooner and sailed soized the FRESNO STATE COLLEGE school or college text-book." now Falmouth, known as "Suc- with her, finally bringing awav David Starr Jordan, President CTTirssett", and the present seal] SOUTHWESTERN LOUISIANA her into Woods Hole. Emeritus, Lelnnd Stanford Uni- of the Town of Falmouth bears ; UNIVERSITY British frigate versity. +hp inscription "Succanessett In 1812, the 1602." "Nimrod", bombarded Falmouth EAST TEXAS STATE TEACHERS I and destroyed many buildings. COLLEGE In 1606 Champlain sailed She landed marines in Little JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY .•'long this coast as far as the' Harbor and destroyed property Hole, which it is said he mis- STAFFORD DISTRICT HIGH there. "It is unusually broad in its took SCHOOL for a river and named scope on both the animal and history I "Champlain". Although other Most of this early PRAIRIE VIEW STATE plant sides . . . compiled with drawn from a book en- NORMAL lontions have since been named have COLLEGE Lectures the excellent judgment." Qvarter- in honor of titled "Three on Champlain, the Hole Ijl Review Biology. Hkstory of the Town of DUKE UNIVERSITY of bPitween Bu"zards Bay and Vin'?-! Early Falmouth, covering the time Yard Sound is the only spot to MERCER UNIVERSITY from its Settlement to 1812. De- •>vhich he himself attached his WASHINGTON STATE NORMAL name. The historian Bourne has livered in the year 1843 by Mr. , SCHOOL ("hnrles W. Jenkins of Falmouth. proposed that the Hole should "It is a distinct departure Edited by Edward H. Jenkins, HUMBOLT STATE TEACHERS be called "Champlain Strait",' from the older types of general New Haven, Conn. Falmouth, COLLEGE bu*- the Yankee love of plain biology, anid is the most success- Mass.: 1889." "nd homely names still prevails! PHILLIPS UNIVERSITY ful effort to produce a pano- i" RUfh designations as "Woods For the following notes on the ramic picture of the field of STATE SCHOOL OF MINES, TTfvip" "Buzzards I biological science any author Bay", Crow early history of Woods Hole * RAPID CITY, S. D. Hill", etc. am indebted t o our fellow has made in recent years." LAKE FOREST UNIVERSITY In 1907 after the "Jamestown townsman, Mr. Frank L. Gifford Professor Clyde T. Reed, South several very Tercentenary", the residents of who has painted JOHN CARROLL UNIVERSITY Texas State Teachers College. this region bethouorht themselves intere.sting pictures from old sketches and descriptions, and of +he earlier discovery and 630 Pages, 53/4x81/2, with 350 illustrations. Price $3.50 at a later period from photo- settlement here in 1602 and held gi-apihs and his recollections, a "Gosnold Tercentenary", five own of the village. vears late. At this "Gosnold Tercentenarv". the Laboratory The earliest settlements at Schooner, "Vigilant", re-chris- Woods Hole were around Little tened and refitted for the occas- Harbor. The oldest house stood THOMAS Y. CROWELL COMPANY: Publishers iop as Gosnold's ship "Concord". on the south-ea.st .s.ide of the 393 Fourth Avenue, New York sailed into Great Harbor and harbor and is now built into the landed Captain Gosnold (Mr Sargent house. On this side of

Purdam) and his officers in ' the harbor were an old grist THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

mill and a .salt mill and salt pans now sadly depleted by the gypsy in which sea water was evapora- moth, the golf course, and the BIOLOGICAL ted by the sun's heat for sea inroads o f civilization. Mr. salt. Fay's interest in trees and in re- At a later date, about 1845, forestation explains a clause in APPARATUS an old red school house stood at the deed of the Gansett property the head of the harbor, about to the Laboratory, forbidding MICROSCOPES Microscopes and Microscope where the railroad now runs. the cutting down of trees except an- preferred by the discriminating Accessories— Including Bausch Back of this were the Purdam where necessary. microscopist because of the high Lomb, Leitz, quality of their optical and mechani- & Spencer and house, the Ferguson house and ' Another famous e!;tate in the Zeiss makes. cal construction. the Fay house, all now standing, vicinity of Woods Hole is Nau- and on the west side of the har- shon and the adjoining islands, Microtomes—Including Bausch bor was Joe Parker's Tavern, & Lomb, International, Jung- formerly owned by Mr. John M. which long since disappeared and Spencer forms. Forbes. This was described by and which was a favorite resort Oliver Wendell Holmes in the of Daniel Webster when on fish- Incubators— Including C.S.&E., ing trips to Woods Hole. Joe "Autocrat of the Breakfast Freas and Thelco types. Parker operated a ferry to and Table" as "the finest private from Martha's Vineyard which domain in Also Water Baths, Sterilizers America", and as he the only regular connection and General Laboratory Appar- was watched from the porch of the between the island and the main- atus. Forbes house on Naushon the land. schooners tacking back and Write for further details and Still later, about 1860, two forth in the Sound, he wrote his visit our Showrooms at 18th hotels or taverns stood on the beautiful poem, "Light and St. and 3rd Ave. west side of Little Harbor, one Shade". of these the Dexter House, only Both Mr. Fay and Mr. Forbes the just torn down, the other were generous friends of the La- ElMER & AMEND House, long since des- Webster boratory at a time when it had Est. 1851 Inc. 1897 troyed, which stood between the few financial supporters and Dexter House and the present HEADQUARTERS FOR LAB- very meager prospects, and it railroad station. ORATORY APPARATUS AND is fitting that in tjie day.s of our CHEMICAL REAGENTS Between 1815 and 1860 Woods prosperity we should remember The illustration above shows a Busch Hole was a center of the whal- with especial gratitude the debt microscope wi'th circular simplified YORK. N. Y. mechanical stage. NEW ing industi-y. Nine whaling of the Laboratory to these gen- Information upon their port and erous friends. request. Third Ave., 18th to 19th St. ships made this the the Bar Neck Wharf, where Following whaling daj's the stands, PALO COMPANY Penzance Garage now onl.v commercial venture of note Apparatus was a busy place outfitting these at Woods Ho;e was the Pacific for Industrial and Laboratory Use whalers an d receiving their Guano Works, of unsavory odor 153 West 23rd Street FOR THE cargoes of oil and whalebone on and memory, for its failure New York, their return. The old Stone about 1880 brought financial N. Y. or was Biological Building, Candle Factory, disaster to many residents of built in 1829, and still contains Woods Hole. It was located certain evidences of its former Sciences near what is now the entrance uses; the old shingled building to Penzance. Here stood the ROBINSON'S Naturalists' Supplies adjoining it on the south-east old red factory buildings and PHARMACY was a bake .shop, where sea bis- Microscope Slide Preparations teneinent hoases, and here the B. W. Dris, Prop. cuit for the long voyages around odor of guano lingered until the Preserved Mate.rial R. W. Nickerson, Reg. Phar. the Horn was baked. Other plant was demolished and the Display Material buildings, now gone, were a present Penzance property was Falmoutth's Oldest Lantern Slides rope-walk where rope was made, established more than twenty Drugstore a cooper shop for making hogs- Charts, Botanical and Zoologi- years later. It is interesting to First-class Drugs and Imported heads to hold the oil, a black- note that cal Microscopes, Microtomes Penzance was former- Toilet Articles smith shop, etc. With the dis- and Accessories ly an island, especially at high A Registered Pharmacist covery of petroleum in western tide. When the Guano Company .Always on Duty Dissecting Instruments Pennsylvania, the whaling in- located there they built the stone Laboratory Gla-ssware dustry rapidly declined and died, wall along the side of the road Chemicals and these old buildings were for at the entrance of Penzance as a long time practically unused breakwater. Bacteriological Reagents a The present until Marine the Biological La- Breakwater Hotel owes its name THE SEA ROBIN Catalogue pertaining to any boratory acquired them and to this wall, as it owes its origi- Directly on the Sound of the above may be obtained converted them to a new kind nal construction to one of the on request. of whaling industry. old tenement houses of the guano Club Breakfasts . . 30c up About 1850 Mr. Joseph S. Fay. works. In the early days of the Also Dinner, Tea, and crusing along this coast, sailed Laboratory the wharves and Supper Prompt Guaranteed into Little Harbor, went ashore sheds of the Guano Company were the favorite MRS. Service Quality and bought a farm, and later bathing place CRITTENDEN added to it many barren and for the men at the Laboratory. Attractive W^'eekly Rates rocky acres. The whole region Here we swam without even a Tel. 667-3 at this time was practically tree- one-piece bathing suit, and the NewYork Biological less. Mr. Fay set to work im- long distance diving from the porting and planting many trees high pier was one of the major Supply Co. over his estate, and from this sports of that time. there developed the well-known This brings the story of Compliments of General Supplies for the Biological "Fay Woods", with their beauti- Woods Hole down to the time PENZANCE GARAGE Sciences ful woods-roads which were open when it began to acquire bio- WOODS HOLE, MASS. 34 UNION SQ. NEW YORK CITY to all visitors, and were the joy logical significance, and that Day or Night A. L. A. of early workers at the Labora- must form the subject matter of Phone 652 Towing tory. Alas! these woods are another chapter. — — — —

PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

lengthy deliberation and expert tise, but, if on making inquiries EPISCOPAL CHURCH The Collecting Net counsel the following plan seem.s or on purchasing material, they ENTERTAINS M. B. L. A weekly publication devoted to to be the most satisfactory: A will make mention of the fact the activities of the Marine Biolog-i- sum of money will be awarded at that the announcement in ques- The Episcopal Church once cal Lajboratory and of Woods Hole in opened its doors to mem- general. the end of the season to a couple tion was seen in the columns of more bers of the M. B. L. who were of the "most deserving" stuiknts The Collecting Net. Every firm BOARD OF ADVISORS received as guests at a social of the five advertising in The Collecting Robert Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, registered in one gathering held at the Parish Cornell University Medical School. courses given at the Laboratory. Net will be only too glad to ans- House of the Church on the inquires and to send cata- July Edwin J. Conklin, Prof, of Biology, The clauso "most deserving" has wer Church on the evening of Princeton University. vet to bp de.ined. Especial logs if you are in any way in- 6. The graciousness of Rev. James Bancroft and members Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of zoo- weight, however, will be given terested in the materials that of the parish made every logy, Yale University. they handle. to the following factors : (1) the one genuinely enjoy the even- STAFF EDITORIAL financial condition of Ithe ap- ing. Ware Cattell Editor plicant; (2) the character of Colored lanterns strung out Alexander Asst. Editor Dorothy his or her work during the pre- BIGELOW TO LEAD on the lawn gave hint of the Heilbrunn. .General News the Mrs. L. V. sent summer; (3) the general CLUB THIS SEASON occasion, and inside, house Helen S. Morris General News was festive with bunches of adaptability of the awardee to syringa and nasturtiums. De- Contributing Editors The the laboratory community. The annual meeting of the corating the table were large Blanchard. .Bus. Manager Mrs. K. C. awards will be made by a com- M. B. L. Club was held Tuesday bouquets of roses in a variety Jack Fogg Sport News mittee appointed by the Director evening, July 5. The reports of which suggested the vivid pro- standing committees were read, of the Marine Biological Labora- fusion of Miss Fay's garden. (Application for entry as second-class and various recommendations tory. The assembly room upstairs matter is pending.) made for the consideration were was devoted to dancing. Handy's of the new committees. The Any money received from our orchestra in a bower of blos- The Universal Press nomination committee present- paper in excess of expenditures soms officiated capably upon the Bedford Woods Hole majority report, and Dr. New will be turned over to the ed a platform, and with the hard Massachusetts Lewis of the committee present- scholarship fund. In instating maple floor provided a combina- minority report in which he this plan we are well aware that ed a tion which the younger set pre-, nominated Mrs. E. L. Clark for Prospectus our contribution may not be a sent was reluctant to leave, ex- president. a fitting reward large one; but we are confident As cept, perhaps, to partake of the Mr. that a great many people con- for her service to the club enticing ice-cream, cake and this issue The Collecting but With nected with the laboratory, and Clark was elected president, punch served below by members j/ear it impossible to serve. Net enters upon the second others interested in its welfare, found of the Church Work Association. summer glad assist in The following officers were of its existence. This will be only too to In the receiving line were the the building up a presentable sum elected: Pres. Dr. R. P. Bige- it will reflect more truly Rev. Bancroft, Mrs. H. H. Fay, of money. Tentatively we have low, V. Pres. Miss Mary Mac- "personality" of the laboratory. Miss S. E. Bancroft, Miss Flo- set the lower limit at two hun- Dougall, Sec-Treas. Mrs. S. H. foundation of last rence Fish, and Mrs. W. 0. Tyus- With the dred dollars, but there seems to Farr. comb, all r e p r e s e n t i n g the year's experience upon which to be no obvious reasons why this The retiring officers, under Church. From the M. B. L. confident that we can not be exceeded. build we are amount whose regime many improve- were Mrs. C. H. Farr, Mrs. W. Checks should be made payable can create something of per- ments in the club have been ac- E. Garrey, Mrs M. H. Jacobs, to the "C. N. Scholarship Fund". manent and lasting value. complished, are: Pres. Dr. D. J. Mrs. Higgins, Mrs. Linton, Mrs. Edwards, V. Pres. Dr. C. C. Galtsoff, Dr. A. Woodward, Dr. We look back upon our rush- Speidel, Sec-Treas. Dr. Myra C. Parkard, and Dr. D. J. Ed- existence of last and ed and stormy The cost of the printing Sampson. wards. season with mixed feelings of paper alone for this number of Colleciinq Net amounted to admiration and disgust. There The THE CHEMIST-GENERAL more than S180.00. If 500 _ is room for enormous improve- Penzance and all Major-Generals) copies are sold the receipts from {Apologies to W. S. Gilbert, the Pirates of but tiie process of adapta- ment, this source will be only about I am the very pattern of a modem chemist gineral, tion could not be a sudden one. S70.00. These figures bring out I've information vegetable, animal, and mineral. We have survived the first year with startling clearness the ex- I am well up in physics — quote experiments historical. categorical. of our struggle for existence tent to which we are dependent From Thales, Volta, Faraday, in order upon our advertisers. Equations both of integral and differential calculus, and of this fact we art> proud. I use to plumb the vagaries of beings animalculus forward with anticipa- Every paper urges its readers We look In fact in matters vegetable, animal, and mineral, to purchase material from its tion to our rapidly accelerated The colloid chemist shows he is a modern chemist gineral. must do growth and improvement, and advertisers, and we likewise, trite as it may seem with the cooperation of all those The filter-passing haze that spoils your very best analysis, for us to write about it. But in The ferments that will wreck your final product by catalysis. connected with the laboratory our case the reasons are more The mists, and fogs, and clouds that go to make the weather we cannot help but bbe success- urgent and the results are more fair or foul, direct. Every reader is intense- ful. The smokes a gas-mask won't adsorb, but make the soldiers the development ly interested in swear or howl, of the laboratory. An extra And where the agate gets its rings and how the comet swings The Scholarship Fund column of advertising means its tail, that the sum of twelve dollars And how the pearly nautilus on tropic waters flings its sail will be turned over to the Col- The Collecting Net began life In all these matters vegetable, animal, and mineral, lecting Net Scholarship Fund. with rather definite plans as to You'll find the colloid chemist is a modern chemist ginei-al. This money will be used not only how it could be of benefit to the directly to assist a deserving" Marine Biological Laboratory. If you would know how plants suck up their food by capillarity, student, but indirectly to for- One of the more important, per- The differences in grade of ci-ops, the cause of their disparity. ward the interests of the labora- haps, was the possibility of If you would use the messes that organic chemists cuss like sin. tory and promote biological re- initiating a scholarship fund to See life-like ultramicrons wriggle in a sol of protein search. assist deserving students to re- ^ If you would know of rubber, glue soap, leather or linoleum, turn to Woods Hole to carry on Readers will render a greater Of baking, dyeing, fabrics, foods, flotation, or pertoleum i n d e p e ndent investigations. service than is perhaps realized Recall in matters vegetable, animal and mineral. There are many ways in which if they will not only give first The colloid chemist proves he is a modern chemist gineral. this might be done, but after choice to the firms that adver- I)H. D. 2

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE DIRECTORY FOR 1927

Abbreviations BOTANY Chen, C. C, prof, biol., Shanghai, Genther, Ida T., asst. zool. Wisconsin. China. Br. 322. Br. 122C. Botany Building Bot. I. Investigation Chen, T. Y., grad. stud., protozool., Glaser, R. W., assoc. memb. Rocke- Brick Building Br. Duggar, B. M., prof. boi. phys., Wis- Columbia. Br. 314. feller Inst. Br. 209. Lecture Hall L. consin. Glaser, O. C, prof. biol. Amherst. Br. Old Main Building 0. M. Chidester, F. E., prof, zool.. West Allen, C. E., prof, botany Wisconsin. 204. Rockefeller Building Rock. Virginia. Br. 344. Brooks, S. C, prof. zool. California. Goodkind, R., stud. Harvard Med. Br. The abbreviations used for the Christie, J. R., assoc. nematologisit, 109. Robbins, W. J., prof, botany Missouri. U. S. Dept. Agr. Kast. positions and institutions- are the Rock. Goodrich, H. B. prof. biol. Wesleyan. same as those incorporated in Schramm, J. R., Editor-in-chief, Bio- Ciark, Eleanor L., grad. anat. Penn- (Conn.) Br. 210. 'American JMen of Science." Thus, logical Abstracts, Pennsylvania. sylvania Med. Br. 117. Goldfarb, A. J., prof. biol. C. C. N. Y. taking Dr. Amberson as an example, II. Instruction Clark, E. R., prof, anat., Pennsyl- L. 34. his position during the regular col- vania Lewis, I. F., prof. biol. Virginia. Med. Br. 117. Isabella, res. lege year is assistant professor of Gordon, worker, Im- Clark, physiology at the University of Penn- Taylor, W. R., asst. prof, botany, L. B., grad. zool. Johns Hop- perial College, London. Br. 335. kins. Br. 315. sylvania. His work at the laboratory Pennsylvania. Graham, J. Y., prof. biol. Alabama. is carried out an the Brick Building Pocle, J. P., prof. evol. Dartmouth. Clowes, G. H. A., direc. Lilly Re- L. 22. seiarch Lab. in Room 309. Br. 328. Grave, B. H., prof. zool. Wabash INVESTIGATORS Cobb, N. A., agr. technologist. U. S. (Ind.) Br. 234. THE STAFF Dept. Agr. Rock. East. Griswold, Sylvia, instr. biol. Penn. Abel!, R. G., instr. biol. Hampton Bot. Jacobs, M. H., Director, prof. gen. Cohen, B., chem. Hvgieric Lab. Col. Women Inst. phys. Pennsylvania. (D. C.) Br. 324. Gruenberg, B. C, direc. Am. Assoc. Allen, Eleanor, grad. Brown. Med. Progress. O. M. Cohn, E. J., asst. prof. phy. chem. Amberson, W. R., asst. prof, phys., Grundfest, H., fellow, Columbia. Br. ZOOLOGY Harvard Med., Br. 109. Pennsylvania Med. Br. 309 314. I. Investigation Armstrong, P., instr. anat. Cornell Cole, E. C, asst. prof. biol. Williams. Hadiey, C. E., grad. zool. Harvard. Conklin, E. C, prof. zool. Princeton. Med. O. M. 24^ Br. 318 Br. 217. Grave, C, prof. zool. Washington Arnold, Constance demonstrator. Cole, K., nat. res. fellow. Harvard. W., Hague, Florence, asst. prof. biol. (St. Louis) Br. 233. Br. 114. Brown. Sweet Briar. L. 24. Jennings, H. S., prof. zool. Hopkins. Austin, Mary L., lect. Barnard Col- Conklin, E. G., prof, biol., Princeton. Hall, R. P., asst. prof. zool. New York. Lillie, F. R., prof. emb. Chicago. lege. Br. Br. 225. 315 L. 32. McClung, C. E., prof. zool. Pennsyl- Baker, Lillian E., asst. Ccpeland, J., asst. biol. Earlham Dept. Exp. Hance, R. T., assoc. zool. Rockefeller vania. Inst. (Ind.) Bot. Surg. Rockefeller 0. M. Base. Inst. L. 21. Mast, S. O., prof. zool. Hopkins. Barth, L. G., asst. zool. Michigan. Br. Copeland, M., prof, bio!., Bowdoin. Hann. H. W., instr. emb. Illinois. Br. Morgan, H., prof. exp. zool. Colum- Br. 334. T. 217A 222. bia. Bartholomew, W. W., res. stud. Co- Cowdry, E. V., assoc. Rock'efellow Hansen, I. B., asst. zool. Wesleyan, Inst. Br. 209A. Parker, G. H., prof. zool. Harvard. lumbia. (Conn.) Wilson, E. B., prof. zool. Columibia. Cowles, R. P., assoc. prof. suol. Johns Baskerville, Margaret, adj. prof. Harral, Ruth, Cornell Med. Br. 324. Woodruff, L. L., prof. zool. Yale. Texas Med. Br. 315. Hopkins. Br. 222. Harrop, G. A. Jr, assoc. prof. med. II. Instruction Crawford, W. W., fellow jool. Mis- Belling, J., fellow. Carnegie Inst. Br. Johns Hopkins Med. Br. 312. Dawson, J. A., instr. zool. Harvard. 223. souri. Br. 217. Hartline, H. K., grad. phys. Johns Martin, E. A., assit. prof. zool. C. C. Crocker, W., direc. Boyce Thompson Bennitt, R., instr. zool. Tufts. 0. M. Hopkins Med. Br. 229. N. Y. 25. Inst. Harvey, E. N., prof. phys. Princeton. Cole, E. asst. prof. zool. Williams. Curtis, W. C, prof. zool. Missouri. C, Bigelow, R. P., prof, zool., Mass. Br. 116. Bennitt, R., instr. biol. Tufts. Br. 336. Inst. Tech. Br. 234. Haywood, Charlotte, grad. phyS. Bissonnette, T. H., prof. biol. Trinity. Bissonnette, T. H., prof. biol. Trinity. Darby, H. H., instr. phys. New York. Pennsylvania. 0. M. 6. Grant, Madeleine P., asst. prof. zool. O. M. 26. Br. 2. Hecht, S., assoc. prof, biophysics, Holyoke. instr. Lab. Dawson, J. A., instr. zool. Harvard, Mount Blackford, S. D., med. Va. Columbia. Br. 230. Severinghaus, A. E., Columbia Uni- Physicians. Dorm. 103. 0. M. 28. Room Heilbrunn, L. V., asst. prof. zool. versity. asst. prof, Dellinger, S. C, prof. zool. Arkansas, Bianchard, K. C, biochem Michigan. Br. 330. Young, D. B., assoc. prof. biol. Ari- New York. Br. 325. Bot. Heyroth, F. F., nat. res. fel. Harvard zona. phys. Pennsyl- Disalvo, Mrs. B., asst. biol. George Blumenthal, R., grad. Med. Br. 110. Washin;;ion H. S. Rock. vania. Br. 2170. Hibbard, Hope, Preparateur, Sor- PROTOZOOLOGY Dolley, W. L. Jr., prof. biol. Buffalo. Bowen, R. H., assoc. prof. zool. Co- bonn?. lumbia. Br. 327. Br. 339. 1, Investigation Hidalgo, F., asst. Rockefeller Inst.. Donaldson, H. H., prof. neur. Wistar (see zoology) Bradley, H. C, prof. phys. Wiscon Br. 208. sin. Br. 122A. Inst. Br. 115. II. Instruction Hiller, H., asst. biol. lab. Krakow Breitenbenbecher, J. K., lect. zool., Downing, R. C, gi-ad. stud. Wabash. Wcodruff, L. L., prof. zool. Yale. (Poland) Br. 3'?4. McGill. L. 25. Jnd.) Br. 234. Calkins, G. N., prof, protozool. Co- Hoadley, L., a.~st. prof. biol. Brown. B., res. asst., Carnegie Drew, Kathleen M., lect. bot. Man- lumbia (absent 1927) Bridges, C. Br 329. Inst. Br. 332. chester (Eng.) Bot. 4. MacDougall, M. S., prof. zool. Agnes Hof, Anne, gi'ad. bot. Radcliffe. Bot. Bronfenbrenner, J. J., assoc. Rocke- Duggar, B. M., prof. bot. phys. Wis- Scott. Hofkesbring, Roberta, in"tr. pnvs. feller. Br. 208. consin, Br. 122B. Unger, W. B., asst. prof. zool. Dart- Tulane. O. M. Bronk, D. W., assoc. prof. phys. Durrant, E. P., aSnt. prof. phys. Ohio mouth. Holmes, Gladys E. grad. asst. Brown. Br. 340. St-.t-;. Br. 3. Swarthmore. Be. 315. Brooks, Mrs. M. M., California until Edwards, D. J., assoc. prof. phys. EMBRYOLOGY Hoskins M. M., asst. prof. hist. New July 2, Bot. 4. Cornell Med. Br. 214. York. L. 33. I. Investigation Brooks, S. B., prof, zool., California Elftman, H., asst. zool. Columbia. Br. Hoskins, R G., res. assoc. phys. Har- (see zoology) until July 2. 314. vard Med. Br. 3. II. Instruction Brooks, S. C, prof, phys., Rutgers. Emmart, Emily W., assoc. prof. biol. Howe, H. E., editor Am. Chem. Soc. prof. biol. Wesleyan. Bot. Western Maryland. Br. 126. Goodrich, H. B., Br. 304. Grave, B. H., prof. biol. Wabash. Brown, D. E. S., instr. zool.. New Esaki, S., asst. prof. Keio Med. (Ja- Howe, T. D., instr. biol. James Milli- assoc. inst. Cancer Res. York. Br. 2. pan). Br. 331. Packard, C, kin. Bot.' Columbia Budington, R. A., prof, zool., Ober- Farr, C. H., assoc. prof. bot. Wash- Howland, Ruth B., asst. prof. biol. Plough, H. H., prof. biol. Amherst. lin. Br. 218. ington (Mo.) 0. M. Base. New York. Br. 331. Rogers, C. G., prof. comp. phys. Campbell, C. J., asst. prof, phys., Farr, Mrs. W. K., Barnard Hosip. Huettner, A. F., asst. prof. zool. Co- Oberlin. S>Tacuse. Br. 106. (St. Louis) O. M. Base. lumbia. Br. 314. Canavan, W. P., instr. zool., Penn- Fenn, W. O., prof. phys. Rochester Hughes, T. P., asst. Rockefeller Inst PHYSIOLOGY sylvania. Br. 217. Med. Br. 341. Br. 206. Carothers, E. Eleanor, lect. zool., Field, Elsie, Radcliffe, Br. 213. 1. Investigation Inman, O. L., prof. biol. Antioch. Br. Pennsylvania. Br. 221. Field, Madeleine, asst. phys. Mt. Bradley, H. C, prof. phys. chem. 114. Carpenter, Esther, asst. zool. Wiscon- Holyoke. Br. 122C. Wisconsin. Irwin, Marion, assoc. phys. Rocke- sin. Br. 111. Fish, H. D., grad. stud. Columbia. Garrey, W. E., prof. phys. Vander- feller Inst. Br. 207. Carver, G. L., prof, biol., Mercer. Br. 0. M. 34. bilt Med. Jacobs, M. H., prof. gen. phys. Penn- 315. Fogg, J. M. Jr., instr. bot. Pennsyl- Lillie, R. S., prof. gen. phys. Chicago. sylvania, Br. 205. Cattell, M., phys. Cornell Med. vania. Bot. 22. Mathews, A. P., prof. biol. chem. Cin- Jennings, H. S., prof. zool. Johns. Hop- Br. 214. Freeman, L. B., grad. stud. Pennsyl- cinnati. kins. Br. 126. Cattell, W., Res. fellow biol.. Memor- vania. Rock. II. Instruction Johlin, J. M., assoc. prof, biochem. ial Hosp., N. Y. Br. 123. Fry, H. J., asst. prof. biol. New York. Jacobs, M. H., prof. gen. phys. Penn- Vanderbilt Med. Br. 3'! Chambers, R., prof. micr. anat., Cor- 0. M. Base. sylvania. P. L., grad. ass.i-. zool. Johns nell Med. Br. 328C. Garrey, W. E., prof phys. Vanderbilt Johnson, Fenn, O., prof. phys. Rochester. W. Med. Br. 215. Hopkins. Br. 311. Michaelis, L., prof. Berlin; Hopkins. Cheer, S. N., fellow of Rockefeller assoc. Rockefeller Johnson, R. H. Jr., res. stud. Colum- Hartline, H. K., Hopkins. Foundation, Peking Union Med. Gates, F. L., memb. Br. 209B. bia. 0. M. 34. Haywood, C, instr. zool., Vassar. college. Br. 107. Inst. PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

Newman, H. H., prof. zool. Chicago. Steen, E. B., instr. zool. Wabash Barron, E. S. G., fel. phys. Lima INVESTIGATORS—Cont. | Br. 226. (Ind.) Br. 234. (Peru). Ju»t, E E., prof. zool. Howard Br. Beebe, Mary E., Oberlin. zool. curator, Dept. Herp. Steggerda, F. R., fel. phys. Minne- 228. "^oble, G. K., Am. Mus. Nat. Hist. Br. 306. sota. Rock. Beyer, Kathe M., Brown, emb. Kaltreider, N. L., Swarthmore. Br. R., instr. biol. Lake Stewart, Dorothy Bilstad, Nellie asst. biol. 340. Nomura, S., asst. prof. zool. Tohoku M., Wiscon- Erie. Br. 110. sin, zool. biol. New- Imp. (Japan) O. M. Base. Kapp, Eleanor M., asst. Stockard, C. R., prof. anat. Cornell Blount, R. F., instr. zool. Arizona. York. B-. 2. Nonidez, J. F., as&oc. anat. Cornell Med. Br. 317. Kaufmann, B. P., prof. biol. South- Med. Br. 318. Stokey, Alma G, prof. bot. Mt. Hol- Bond, Evelyn, grad Pennsylvania weslern t'Tenr.i Pr. -jOo. zool. Packard, C, asst . prof. zool. Inst. yoke. Bot. 5. Keefe, A. M., prof. biol. St. Nor- Cancer Rss. (Columbia.) 0. M. 2. Strong, O. S., prof. neur. Columbia, Borquist, May, res. fel. Cornell bert (Wis.) Bot. 5. Med. phys. Parker, G. H., prof. zool. Harvard. chem. Rm. Keltch, Anna K., res. asst. Ely Lilly Bosworth, E. B., asst. biol. Yale. emb. Br. 213. Stunkard, H. W., prof. biol. Nev,^ and Co. Br. 328. Boughton, Esther M., Mt. Holyoke. Parmenter, C. L., asst. prof. zool. York. Br. 232. Klein, H., grad. Pennsylvania. 0. M. emb. Pennsylvania. Br. 220. Sturtevant, A. H., memb. staff Car- Bowers, W. B., Harvard, bot. Parpart, Ethel R., asst. phys. Am- negie Inst. Columbia. Br. 1. Kleiner, I. S., prof. chem. N. Y. H. Bradley, Mary A., jr. nematologist. herst. Br. 204. Sumwalt, Margaret, instr. phys. Med. L. 23. Dept. Agr. zool. Patterson, W. M., independent inves- Pennsylvania. Br. 309. Knowlton, F. P., prof. phys. Syracuse Brown, D. E., instr. biol. New York. tigator zool. (New York) Br. 315. Swett, F. H., assoc. prof. anat. Van- Med. Br. 106. zool Perlzweig, W. A., assoc. med. Johns derbil't Med. Br. 339. Koch, Henry, tech., Rockefeller Inst. Butler, Elizabeth, Vassar. zool. Hopkins. Br. 312. Taft, C. H. Jr., grad. phys. Colum- Br. 206 Chase, Jr., A. M., asst. biol. Amherst. L'"'" *•' '"^^'- ^°°'- ^'"'"''"• bia. Br. 217d. Koehri'ng,' Vera, fel. zool. Pennsyl- P'^^'P^i' emb. 0. M. 3 Taylor, Jean Grant, Pennsylvania. vania. Br. 217n. Chen, N. S., Pennsylvania, emb. Pierce, Madelene E., grad. zool.. Rad- Bot. Krcpp, B., zool. Hai-vard. Br. 217f. Clarke, R. W., instr. phys. New York. cliffe. Rock. Taylor, W. R., prof. bot. Pennsyl- Lanceiield, D. E., asst. prof. zool. Co- phys. Pinney, Mary E., prof. zool. Milwau- vania. Bot. lumbia. Br. 1. Cline, Elsie, Johns HoEkins Univer- kee-Downer. Br. 217h. Titlebaum, A., asst. zool. Columbia. Lancefield, Rebecca C, asst. bact. sity, zool. Plough, H. H., prof. biol. Amherst. Br. 314. Rockefeller Inst. Hosp. Br. 206. Cloudman, A. M., instr. biol. Ver- Br. 125. Tracy, H. C, prof. zool. Kansas. L. Landis, E. M., grad. phvs. Pennsyl- mont, zool. Pollock, K. H., Cornell Med. Br. 328. 30. vania. Br. 205. Crane, N. F., Bowdoin. emb. Poole, J. P., prof, evolu. Dartmouth. Turner, Abby H., prof. phys. Mt. Lee, M. O., res. assoc. Harvard Med. Curtis, Mary E., asst. biol. Wilson Pond, S. E., asst. prof. phys. Penn- Holyoke. Br. 211. Br. 3. emb. sylvania Med. Br. 224. Uhlenhuth, E, assoc. prof. anat. Mary- Lewis, 1. F., prof biol. Virginia. Bot. Dalton, A. J., Wesleyan. emb. Rand, H. W., assoc. prof. zool. Har- land Med. Br. 122D. 26. Davidson, Margaret, North Carolina vard. L. 30. Ullian, Silka S., res. asst. Carnegie Light, V. E., grad. Johns Hopkins. College, emb. Redfield, A. C, asst. prof. phys. Har- Inst. O. M. 4. Br. 217k. De Bone, Frances M., student, asst. vard Med. Br. 107. Unger, W. B., asst. prof. zool. Dart- Lillie, F. R., prof. zool. Chicago. Br. anat. Pittsburg, prot. zool. mouth. O. M. 22. 101. Redfield, Helen, Nat. Res. Fel. Deichmann, Elizabeth, Radcliffe. emb. . Columbia. Br. 314. Visscher, J. P., assoc. prof. biol. LilHc, R. S., prof. gen. phys. Chicago. Delure, G. H., fel. Louvain, Belgium, Reynolds, S. R. M., asst. phys. Western Reserve. L. 34. Br. 326. phys. Swarthmore. Br. 340. Walden, Eda B., res. asst. Eli Lillv & Loeb, L., prof. path. Washington Dettmer, Clara R., Columbia, prot. St. DeRenyi, G., asst. prof. anat. Co., Research Lab. Br. 328. Med. (St. Louis) Br. 122C. Downey, H. R., Johns Hopkins Med. Pennsylvania. Br. 117. Wear, J. H., res. asst. Harvard Med. Lorberblatt, 1., chem. Harriman Res. phys. Reznikoff, P., assoc. anat., instr. med. Wecch, A. A., instr. med. Johns Hop- L;;b. New York. Br. 122C. Drumtra, Elizabeth, Wilson, zool. Cornell Msd. Br. 324. kins. Br. 312. Lu, H. L., grad. Columbia. Br. 314. Dunbar, F. F., Harvard, bot. Rice, K S., assoc. prof. phys. Brown. Wells, H. S., Nat. Res. Fel. Med. Lucas, Catherine L. T., trav. fel. zool. Elftman, H. O., asst. zool. Columbia. 0. M. 1. Harvard Med. Br. 110. London. Br. 217g. zool. Richards, A., prof. zool. Oklahoma. Wenrich, D. H., asst. prof. zool. Lucas, E. R., instr. anat. Kansas. Elis, Marjorie F., asst. zool. Dal- L. 26. Pennsylvania. Br. 219. Lucke, B., assoc. prof. path. Penn- housie. zool. Richards, Mildred H., res. asst. Okla- Whedon, A. D., prof. phys. N. D. sylvania. Br. 310. Ferris, Frances R., asst. zool. Wash- homa. L. 26. Ag-ri. Br. 226 (Aug. 1) Lynch, Ruth S., instr. zool. Johns ington (Mo.) zool. Ringoen, A. R., asst. prof. zool. Min- Whitaker, D. M., grad. asst. zool. Hopkins. Br. 126. Fletcher, Lydia M., grad. Brown. nesota. Br. 217e. Stanford. Br. 332. Lyon, E. P., prof. phys. Minnesota emb. Ritter, R. A., res. asst. Missouri State. Willey, C. H., instr. biol. New York. iMed. Er. 106. Fort, Irene, Pennsylvania, bot. Br. 336. Br. 217b. Martin, II. A., asst. prof. zool. C. C. Frame, Elizabeth G., Dalhousie. zool. Rogers, C. G., prof. comp. phys. Wilson, J. W., asst. prof. biol. N. Y. O. M. 28. Frank, R. L., Cornell Med. phys. Oberlin. Br. 218. Brown. Br. 329. Mast, S. O., prof. zool. Johns Hop- Furtos, Norma C, asst. biol. Western Rcmer, A. S., assoc. prof. vert, pala- Wolf, E., asst. zool. Heidelberg. Br. kins. Br. 311. Reserve, zool. eon. Chicago. L. 28. no. Matthc-.vs, S. A., grad. Harvard. Br. Sara, Goucher. proto. asst. prof. bot. El- Wolf, E. A., instr. phys. Pittsbui-gh. Goodloe, 217e. Until June 28. Rowlee, Silence, Gregg, W. 1., Harvard, zool. mi ra. Bot. Br. 315. Mavor, J. W., prof. biol. Union. Br. Gregory, P. W., Harvard, zool. Runyon, E. H., instr. bot. Washing- Woodruff, L. L., prof, protozool. 343. Grizzle, Lucile A., teacher biol. Los ton (St. Louis) Br. 110. Yale. Br. 323. May, R. M., res. fel. Am. Field Ser- Angeles H. S. emb. Sanders, Gertrude B., res. asst. Woodward, Alvalyn E., Research vice (France). Br. 110. Aug. 15. asst. zool. Yale. zool. Swarthmore. Br. 340. worker. Michigan. L. 24. Hall, E. K., McCardIa, R. C, grad. Michigan. Br. Hamilton, Sally, Elmira. emb. Sayles, L. P., asst. prof. biol. Nor- Wyman, J. W., instr. biol. Harvard. 217c. Hammond, J. W., Cambridge, Mass. wich (Vt.) L. 29. Br. 109. McClendon, J. F., prof. phys. chem. phys. lect. Schaeffer, A. A., prof. zool. Kansas. Young, R. Arliner, asst. prof zool. Minnesota. Br. 342. C. W., Wesleyan. zool. Br. 333. Howard. Br. 228. Hampel, McClung, C. E., prof. zool. Pennsyl- Hardesty, Mary, fellow biol. Newcomb Schmitt, F. O., Nat. Res. Fel. phys. Young, D. B., prof. biol. Maine. 0. vania. Br. 219. emb. Washington (St. Louis) Br. 301. M. 27. McCutclieon. M., asst. prof. path. Hare, Laura, De Pauw. zooi. Schrader, F., assoc. prof. zool. Bryn Pennsylvania. Br. 310. Henderson, J. T., lecturer. McGill. 0. M. 29. MacDougall, Mary S., prof. zool. Mawr. zool. Bryn phys. Agnes Scott. Schrader, Sally H., instr. STUDENTS O. M. 21. Hcrskowitz, I. A., Columbia, emb. Mawr. 0. M. 29. Macnab, Alleyne, tech. surg. Rocke- W. A., asst. zool. Res. Fel. zool. Co- The abbreviations used are the Hetherington, feller Inst. Rock. Schuitz, J., Nat. same as in the list of investigators. Columbia, prot. McNamara, Helen, tech. Rockefeller lumbia. Br. 314. in- Hiller, S., Cracow (Poland) zool. Scott, Miriam J, inst. zool. Pennsyl- In the case of Mr. Ballard, the Inst. Br. 207. Hiraiwa, Y. K., grad. Chicago, emb. vania. Br. 221. formation given is that he is an Metcalf, M. M., res. assoc. zool. Johns Holliday, G. H., teacher biol. West Sears, Mary, grad. zool. Radcliffe. undergraduate student at Darth- Hopk-ns. Br. 203. prot. Rock. mouth College and that he is taking Va. H. S. Metz, C. W.. staff memb. Carnegie instr. biol. Van- anat. Co- the course in botany at the labora- Hollin^head, W. H., Inst. Cold Spring Harbor. Br. 223. Severinghaus, A. E., inst. tory. If the individual is a girl the derbilt. emb. Mi-ha^lis, lumbia. O. M. 31. L., resident lect. Johns Hopkins, S. H., William and Mary. Shaftesbury, A. D., assOC. prof. ZOol. first name is given. Hopkins Med. Br. 312. zool. N. Col. Women. L. 31. Mitchell, P. H., prof. phys. Brown C. Abell, Richard G., instr. biol. Hamp- Hoppaugh, Katherine W., Arizona. Shlaer, S., stud. asst. zool. Columbia. Br. 233. ton Inst. zool. bot. Mitchell, Br. 314. W. H. Jr., fel. phvs. Har- Adams, T. G., fel. biol. C. C. N. Y. Howland, Esther, grad. Columbia. Shoup, C. S., asst. zool. Princeton. vard. Br. 110. proto. phys. Br. 111. Monteomery, H., Harvard Med. Br. Colum- Hubbard, Catherine E., teacher Hart- Sichel, F. J. M., phys. McGill. Br. 111. Alexander, Eleanor G., grad. 107. ford H. S. proto. Smith, G. H., instr. bot. Illinois. Bot. bia, proto. Moore. Imogene, grad. Yale. Br. 217j M., grad. Rocnester. zool. Andrews, Ava Lee, asst. zool. North Husted, Clara Morgan, T. H., prof. zool. Columbia. Smith, Septima C, fel. med. Carolina College, zool. zool. Br. 320. Johns Hopkins. Rock. Penn- Apgar, Grace M., Pennsylvania, zool. Husted, D. L., Oberlin. bot. Morrill, C. v., asst. prof. anat. Cor- Smith, W. A., grad. asst. phys. Jansen, J. B., prosector of anat. sylvania. Br. 309. Bahrs, Alice M., asst. phys. Califor- nell Med. L. 27. University of 0.slo (Norway) emb. Sonneborn, grad. zool. Johns nia, phys. Morrison, M. E., grad. phys. Pennsyl- T. M., Wellesley. bot. Bailey, Jr., P. L., grad. Brown, emb. Jewett, Frances L., vania. Br. 110. Hopkins. Br. 126. Johns Johnson, P. E., Amherst, zool. Sribyatta, L., instr. phys. Chulalong- Baily, Jr., J. L., fel. biol. Moses, Mildred S., res. asst. Carnegie Bernice, Nebraska, bot. (Siam) Br. 111. Hopkins, emb. Keith, Inst. Br. 223. kora Med. biol. Bos- H. Baker, Carolyn. Vassar. bot. Kerrigan, Alice M., instr. Nelsin, O. E., instr. zool. Pennsyl- Stark, Mary B., prof. emb. N. Y. Ballard, W., Dartmouth, zool. ton T. C. zool. vania. Br. 217m. Med. L. 23. W. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

Lane, Elinor M., asst. biol. Goucher. Wu, C. F., asst. biol. Wisconsin, prot Dept. Agr. Lepkovsky, S., bio. chem. zool. Wisconsin Zimmer, Dorothy K., grad. Columbia Buhrer, Edna M., jr. nematologist, U. Lewis, F. P., Bufi'alo. Leonard, S. L., Rutgers, zool. proto. S. Dept. Agr. Linton, E., res. fel. Pennsylvania. Lichtman, Frieda, New York. emb. Zimmermann, Helen R., teacher Christie, J. R., assoc. nematologist, MacCallum, G. A., parasitologist, Light, Jr., F. W. Johns Hopkins. Massachusetts H. S. bot. U. S. Dept. Agr. Baltimore. phys. Cobb, N. A., nematologist, U. S. McCarthy, Hallie M.. U. S. B. of Level), H. B., Harvard, zool. F., ADMINISTRATION Dept. Agr. Sec. to the Director. Luce, W. M., Illinois, emb. Cobb, A., lab. aid, U. S. Dept. Agr. Nesbit, R. N., jr. aquatic biol., Martin, S. MacNaught, F. M., business manager, U S J., res. asst. Wisconsin. Cohen, B., chem., U. S. Hygienic La- B. of F. zool. Crowell, Polly L., asst. to the busi- boratory. O'Brien W., director, Boston Aqua- Martinovitch, P. N., ness nvanager. grad Syracuse. Cole, A. E., asst. prof, biol., North- rium, Boston. zool. Chamberlain, Thelma I., secretary. western. Pease, H. B., tech. Pease Lah. (N. Y.) McCIintock, Barbara, instr. bot. Cor- MacNaught, Jeanette, office asst. Conger, P. S., diatomist, asst. Carne- Pearse, R. L., temporary asst. nell, bot. Grizzle, Helen, secretary. U. S gie Institution. B. of F. McClure, G. Y., Dartmouth, zool. Fordj Regina M., asst. LIBRARY librarian, U. S. Pearson, J. C, temporary asst. U. S McClure, Katherine L., instr. biol. B. of F. Montgomery, Mrs. T. H. Jr., libra- Washington. B, of F. Morningside ((la.) zool. Fries, E. F. rian. B., fel. zool., Harvard. Perkins, E. B., temporary asst. U. S MacCoy, C. v.. Harvard, zool. Investigator. Underwood, Katharine, asst. libra- B. of F. MacFarlane, Constance, Dalhousie. Galtsoff, Eugenia, ian. lab. aid. Power, Gertrude L., jr. scientific aid bot. Gates, Lawrence, Deborah, secretary. G. E., prof. biol. Judson U. S. Dept. of Agr. McGoun, Jr., R. C, asst. biol. Am- (Burma). Chase, Hazel, typist. Scheidt, C, temporary asst. U. herst, emb. S. B Gee, H., Yale. of F. Mclnerney, Rohan, Mary, file clerk. Katheryn M., Tufts, zool. Glancy, J. B., asst. biochem. Pease Lyman, Marvis, file clerk. Sette, O. E., Chief, Division of Fish- McNutt, Dorothea. Wesleyan (111.) Lah. (N. Y.) zool. ery Industries, U. S. B. of F. NATIONAL RESEARCH Hall, F. G., prof. biol. Duke. Miller, A., Smith, H. M., Director Ruth Bryn Mawr. emb. rieinly, Helen M., jr. nematologist, of Fish- COUNCIL eries, Millikin, Eleanor, Wellesley. zool. U. S. Dept. Agr. Bangkok, Siam. Molina, Crocker, W., div. biol. and agr. Ana M., teacher biol. Porto Hemmeter, J. C, physician, Balti- Talavera, F., Pensionada, Philipine Elliot, Edith L., Rico. zool. sec. Board Nat. Res. more. Government. Fellowships, biol. sciences. Morris, Helen S., grad. Columbia. Hill, S. E., fel. biol. Princeton, res. Wheeler, P. H., temporary asst. U. S. prot. Thome, Louise C, Sec. to Dr. Cole. worker. B. of F. Nabrit, S. M., instr. zool. Morehouse LeHew, A. E., temporary asst. U. S. Wilson, C. B., Head (Ga.) emb. CHEMICAL SUPPLY ROOM Science Dept. B. of F. Mass State Normal School. Naylor, Ernst, instr. bot. Missouri. Strong, O. S,. assoc. prof, neur., Co- bot. lumbia, Director. Nelson, G. E., instr. biol. C. C. N. Y. Wolff, W. A., grad. chem. Penn., asst. Newcomer, A. Virginia, Goucher. Director. zool. Hoss, Dorothea, stud. Holyoke. Newton, M. Isabel, asst. phys. Mt. Hale, Joseph, stud. Oberlin. Holyoke. phys. Holbert, Pauline, stud. Elmira. Olcott, C. T., instr. path. Cornell CENTRIFUGES Med. Kril, Elsa, stud. Elmira. l)hys. Mast, Louise, stud. Roland Park. Pankratz, D. S., instr. biol. Kansas. McKeel, Evelyn, stud. Holyoke. INTERNATIONAL EQUIPMENT CO. phys. Spivack, Betty, stud. Hunter. Parpart, A. K., instr. biol. Amherst. 352 Western Ave., Boston, Mass. phys. Zimmerman, Auerill, chem. and bact. Parsons, Elizabeth H., grad. OberKn. Toledo Hospital. These Centrifuges were developed to meet, in a practical emb. Richard, Oscar, grad. phys. Harvard. way, the varied requirements of many laboiratories. They Patrick, Rulh M., Coker (S. C.) DEPT. bot. MECHANICAL are made in several sizes, with capacities ranging from Larkin, T., supt. Pfeifer, Katherine M., Washington. 'two tubes of Khaler, as.st. 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, (Mo.) zool. R., MacBeth, B. J., night operator Pickett, W. N., Wabash, zool. and with relative centrifugal forces up to 3800 times Steele, N., fireman Pinsdorf, Kate, Smith, bot. gravity. Prefcntaino, G. H., asst. biol. Mont- BUILDINGS real, zool. AND GROUNDS j Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory Py!e, Theresa P., Smith, bot. Hilton, H. A., supt. buildings and grounds. Sizes. R-:!ck, Virginia D., asst. biol. Yale. | zool. Hemenway, W., carpenter. ' Richter, Marion C. R., Columbia. Bisco, A. H., storekeeper and head prot. janitor. Roberston, G. M., instr. biol. Dart- Russel, R. L., gardner. mouth, prot. Russel, M. R., night watchman. Rowell, L. S., instr. biol. Vermont. emb. SUPPLY DEPARTMENT Schmidt, L. M., instr. biol. Tufts. Gray, G. M., Curator. Tiirtox Biology zool. Materials Veeder, J. J., Captain. Scott, Julian P., Kodaker. 0. M. 6. Lewis, E. M., Engineer. Shields, M. L., instr. biol. Phillips The Six Turtox Catalogs describe Leathers, A. W., Head of shipping Acad. (Mass.) prot. department. MODELS Shinar, Catherine, Hunter, zool. Hilton, A. M., Collector. Shcrey, Dorothy C, Radcliife. Zool. MICROSCOPE Mclnnis, Jr., Collector. SLIDES Small, Virginia, B.utler (Iiid.) zool. Godrich, J., Collector. Smclser, G. K., Earlhara (Ind.) zool. LANTERN SLIDES Conklin, P., Fir.sman. Snell, G. D., grad. Harvard, zool. Lehy, J., Collector and chauffeur. SKELETONS Stabler, R. M., Swarthmore. zool. McAfee, Cora J., Secretary. Steele, C. W., Missouri, phys. Crowell, Ruth S., Secretary. MUSEUM PREPARATIONS Stehr, W. C, asst. zool. Minnesota. Luce, H. N., Fish trap man. zool. APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS Liliie, W., Deckhand. Sun, T. P., Rockefeller Foundation. Collector. zool. Parrish, J., LIVE AND PRESERVED SPECIMENS Sensenig, H. R., Collector. Te Winkle, Helen M., asst. zool. Alsever, J., Collector. O'bi'rUn. phys. Whitelaw, R. N. S., Tracy, Barbara, Connecticut, emb. Collector. Hobbs, K., Collector. Write for Your Catalogs Today Turnbul!, Virginia E., teacher Dor- Yeomans, A., Collector. For Botany, chester H. S. for Girls, zool. Zoology and Embryology Mason, W. V., Collector. Turner, Edna M., asst. biol. New Vork. phys. Ballard, F. J., Deckhand. Gray, 1. E., Curator's assistant; As- Uhienhuthe, E., assoc. prof. anat. sistant professor of Zoology The Sign of the Maryland, phys. Tulane Turtox Pledges Absolute Satisfaction University, New Orleans, La. Van Rhyn, Elsie A., instr. biol. Porto Rico. prot. Wamsley, S. W., Special preparator; Vv^aterman, A. J., asst. biol. Western Supervisor of Schools, Charleston, GENERAL BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY HOUSE Reserve, emb. S. C. Wells, Evelyn C, Tennessee, bot. (Incorporated) Wen, I. C, fel. Rockefeller Founda- PHRFAU OF FISHERIES tion, emb. Fisheries Biological Laboratory 761-763 East Sixty-Ninth Place Wilde, Frances M., Radcliffe. zool. U. S. Department of Commerce :-: :-: Woodard, Jr., T. M., instr. biol. Van- Higgins, E., chief div. of scientific Chicago :-: :-: Illinois derbilt. emb. inquii-y, U. S. B. of F., Director. Woodruff, L. R., prof. zool. Yale. Br. Bateman, C. B., technician, U. S. l' PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

BUS SCHEDULE WOODS HOLE, FALMOUTH & FALMOUTH HEIGHTS—SUMMER SCHEDULE In Effect June 15 to September 1, 1927, inclusive. Rates Between—Woods Hole and Palmouth, 25c; Woods Hole and Quissett, 20c; Woods Hole and Falmouth Heights, 40ic; Quissett and Falmouth, 20c; Falmouth and Falmouth Heights, 20c. Children under 12 years of age, half fare. Children, under 12 years, Woods Hole and Falmouth, round trip, 25c. 10 Trip Ticket, Woods Hole and Palmouth, $2.00 (Adults Only). Schedule Week Days (Daylight Saving Time)

Leave A. M. P. M. Woods Hole, 8.25 10.15 11.20 1.35 2.45 3.55 5.00 7.15 8.15 10.10 Due Falmouth 8.45 10.30 11.40 1.55 3.05 4.20 5.20 7.35 8.35 10.25 Fal. Heights 8.55 10.40 11.50 2.05 3.15 5.30

Leave A. M. P. M. Fal. Heights 9.00 10.40 11.50 2.05 3.13 .... 5.30 Falmouth 9.15 10.50 12.00 2.15 3.25 4.20 5 40 7.45 9.30 10.30 (E. Theatre) Due Woods Hole 9.35 11.10 12.20 2.35 3.45 4.40 6.00 8.05 9.50 10.50 SCHEDULE—SUNDAYS ONLY (Daylight Saving Time) Y

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

SCHOLARSHIP FUND DR. HEILBRUNN sults by observing the time it "Protoplasm is a suspension TO GET BIG BOOST GIVES LECTURE takes for Brownian movement and it behaves like one." By a to re-distribute the granules consideration of the behavior of once more, and applying Ein- protoplasm towards ions of va- Leonard B. Clark, the famous (Coiitinucci from Page 1) stein's formula for Brownian rious charges, the conclusion is navigator, to sailor and wants motion. And by applying the reached "that protoplasm is a it is quite buy a car. Robert Cushman, is to say, whether formulae of Einstein, Hatschek, positively charged suspension fluid or relatively viscous. Often proprietor of the Crocker Gar- and Bingham, the viscosity of which may be quite fluid in some enough physiologists assume the entire protoplasm (granules cells. How is this fluid age, expert mechanic and sales- suspen- that protoplasm is a stiflf jelly, and intergranular material) , in sion prevented from scattering man, wants to sell a car. The but just as often other physiol- several times that of the inter- out through the surrounding Collecting Net wants Mr. Clark ogists base conclusions on the granular medium. "Protoplasm, medium? Obviously there must idea that it is a fairly mobile to buy the car from the Crocker in some cases at least, is far be a fairly rigid membrane to fluid. As a matter of fact it Garage because Mr. Cushman from being a highly viscous enclose it, a membrane rigid may be both, not only in differ- fluid." Contrasting the enough to resist has promised to donate the sum behav- the impact of ent cells, but even in the same ior of gelatin and metal sols granules shot against it by cen- of ten dollars to the "C. N. cell at diff'erent times. There is with respect to their sensitive- Scholarship Fund" if the navi- only one way to decide how fluid ne<5s to salts, Heilbrunn said: (Continued on Page 10) gator can be inveigled into buy- or how viscous protoplasm is, and that is by suitable measure- ing it. ment. Within the last few years The contraption in question such measurements have been is a Ford Coupe, a relic of made both for plant and animal former ages, and it has been cells." Columbia rumored that it was a dilapi- The first determinations were dated, second-hand car when made by the German botanist Heilbrunn, who watched starch Leonardo de Vinci bought it grains fall through the proto- Paraffin Oven from Lorenzo de Medici. Mr. plasm of bean cells. Later, he Cushman is demanding the pulled iron specks through the exorbitant sum of $35. 00 for protoplasm with an electro-mag- this self-propelling (usually) net. More recently, Seifri'-c used particles of nickel, instead ,iunk heap. The tires ai'e old, of iron, for iron no doubt has the wind shield is a network of an adverse specific effect due cracks, the and mud-guards are to its solution. Prof. Heil- hardly recognizable as such. brunn's method avoids the con- The top would serve as a sieve sequences of the presence of although the holes are so close foreign substances, by simply together that in some places applying centrifugal force and they fuse to form a larger hole. using the well knowTi formula The upholstery has been large- of Sir Frederick Stokes to calcu- ly replaced by layers of dirt. It late the viscosity of the medium is thought that geologists could (protoplasm) from the amount glean valuable information of of motion of its granules and prehistoric times by examining the known constants of the ex- its many and varied layers. An periment. Stokes' law is based enormous amount of energy and on certain assumptions — the time was expended in trying to particles must be spheres, iso- "T^HIS is a simple efficient and inexpensive Paraffin start the car when Mr. Clark lated and falling freely in a -*- Oven for individual or small class use, admir- wanted a demonstration. It homogeneous medium. Here simply would not go. (It seems the spheres are in rather close ably adapted to supply all the necessary conditions that when one is paying $35.00 proximity, and a correction, as for infiltration, embedding, spreading and drying. for a car one should not expect Prof. Heilbrunn showed, must it to run all the time without be introduced to allow for their This Oven was suggested to us by Dr. C. E. Tharaldsen, any gasoline in the tank—we mutual interaction (Cunning- of it Northwestern University, in an endeavor to overcome mean is not reasonable!) ham's correction formula) . The the shortcomings of existing Paraff'in On going to press it has been medium is not strictly homogen- Ovens, and to ob- learned that Mr. Clark will eous: but with particles of this tain an Oven capable of efficient use for students or small probably become affiliated with size he assumes it to be. With classes. the "car". The suspense is al- particles the size of granules in most sea-urchin eggs, this may not unbearable — we tremble It is heated by two carbon lamps witii temperature con- lest Mr. Clark realize that Mr. cause material error. We must, trolled by the use of Dim-a-lite sockets and by an adjust- Cushman, who is a very busj' however, remember that with able ventilator in the rear, so that the paraffin compart- man, has only found time to fix very tiny particles, even the air up the external features of this itself is not homogeneous; and ments and pipettes are maintained at a uniform tempera- peculiar antique. Prof. Robert A. Millikan had to ture at all times. work out and introduce a cor- rection factor for atmospheric Dr. Geor'are, for 110 volts $20.00 Hours: 8 A. - M. 12 .AI. ; 1-4 P. M. Te'ephone ^5 let when it captured a single electron. This work won Milli- kan the Nobel Prize. Harilw.Tro Paints and Varnisli.

PAGE TEN THE COLLECTING NET

of colloidal systems . . Protoplasm is not properties tion of numerous vacuoles with- this . M. B. L. SATURDAY albumin, nor which really resemble it in their in the cytoplasm of sea-urchin gelatin, nor egg like fundamental nature. Such study EVENING DANCE eggs, and long exposure to iso- casein. Its behavior is not will doubtless suggest new tonic calcium solutions, causes that of any of these substances." methods of attack on the living Saturday evening cytollysis. These results agree This is certainly true. Per- The first substance itself. In the years M. B. L. with the theory. haps the peculiarities mentioned dance given by the ahead, biologists may hope to their explanation when Club will be held tonight, July "If our hypothesis is correct will find determine penetrate the mysteries of the twelve o'clock, on it will, beyond any question, we experimentally 9, from ninetill living cell with at least as much house. solution of one the behavior of mixtures of two the main floor of the Club contribute to the success as the physicists have will play important problems or more relatively simple col- Jerry Bowes orchestra of the most had in penetrating the myster- a specially colloid chemistry of the loids, as has been done by Dr. and there will be in the ies of the atom. D. T. MacDougal of the Desert waxed floor. The dance will be cell. Bacteria, protoza, tissue Laboratory at Tuscon, Arizona. Jerome Alexander. free to members of the club and cells of higher animals, blood Prof. H. Schade of Keil has also a fee of .75 will be charged non- cells, are all known to undergo members. a mysterious transformation pointed out the peculiar results Beach Party? dance called wide of "entgegengesetzte Quellung", It is planned that this which has been a FRESH ROLLS where two colloidal groups co- will be the first of a series of variety of names by the many, BACON Saturday evening orchestra many workers who have studied exist and respond at different SAUSAGE rate to changes in H-ion con- STEAKS and dances at the Club. These plans it. In cytolysis, hemolysis, or centration and the like. The CHOPS will be carried out on condition 'tropfische Entmischung', • or remark of the French philoso- EVERYTHING that students taking the courses, cloudy swelling, the cell fre- and research workers, will re- quently becomes pale as a result pher Rousseau "Man is good, QUICK SERVICE but men are wicked", seems to LOW PRICES spond to the urgent appeal for of a loss of pigment. Generally apply to colloids as well. Club funds by paying the an- it becomes filled with tiny drop- "As we learn more about Morrison s Market nual SI. 50 dues. This may be lets or vacuoles. In the sea- what protoplasm is like, IHo!e, paid at Mr. MasNaught's office urchin egg, if our interpretation we may Woods Mass. be able to study the physical or at the door of the Club house is correct, cytolysis is due to the on the evening of the dance. freeing of calcium within the All club dances will be free to egg interior. The free calcium club members. Non-members unites with the pigment gran- will pay .75 per dance. ules, possibly with the pigment itself, ovothrombin is formed, The Elizabeth Theatre surface pre- DR. HEILBRUNN and immediately a cipitation reaction is initiated FALMOUTH, MASS. GIVES LECTURE throughout the cell. This is evidenced by the formation of HIGH CLASS PHOTOPLAYS (Continued from Page 9) numerous partitions or films within the cell so that it appears Show Starts at 7.45 — Feature Picture at 8.30 trifugal force. The surface to be made up of a mass of vac- Short Reels Repeated After the Feature Picture. cell is an osmotic uoles. In studying the colloid membrane of a A COMPLETE SHOW AFTER 8.30 membrane and for this reason chemistry of protoplasm we re- Saturday Two Shows at 7.00 and 9.C0 O'clock alone, if for no other, we are must be on the lookout for interested in understanding its actions comparable to the inter- Matinees Monday, Wednesday and Saturday at 2.30 physical properties." nal surface precipitation reac- Heilbrunn considers the tion as I have described it." Dr. Friday July 8 c. Your reviewer might point usual notion advanced in xt- HORSE SHOES Tuesday July 12 influences may books, that the membrane re out that many with TAXI-TAXI bring about gelatinization of the suits from a surface accumula- MONTY BANKS with which lower: intergranular protoplasmic fluid tion of substances Saturday July 9 RAYMOND HORTON surface tension (Gibbs' I'ule), which .ielling may be partial m THE CALLAHANS AND face degrees or in extent; and fol- as an "absurd idea on the THE MURPHYS Wed. and Thurs July 13-14 diffe''- of it, for in order to have ma- lowing this, there may be with accumulate in a surface ential diffusions leading to MARIE DRESSLER AND MICHAEL STROGOFF terials POLLY MORAN film it is necessary to have a marked local differences in ion Friday July 15 surface film, and it is nard to concentrations, notably in pH. Monday July 1 imagine a surface film between For gelitinization brings with it THE GENERAL ON ZE BOULEVARD two watery solutions which, as a practical inhibition of the with KEATON A New Metro-Goldwyn Picture far as the theory goes, are per- thorough mixing due to kinetic BUSTER fectly miscible. There are va- motion in the fluid. Thus if we rious other arguments whi^h prepare an agar jelly contain- might be cited against this uni- ing a little potassium ferrocy- versally accepted theory." By anide and some phenolpthalein a consideiation of the behavior with enough alkali to render the of torn protoplasm in marine whole pink, and then layer over eggs and in Protoza. He shows the set jelly some ferric chlo- that membrane formation re- ride, for example, we soon see Farm semble'^ blood coagulation. "If a white band appear and spread Ten Acre calcium aad pigmsnt granules down the tube, followed by a unite to form ovothrombin, why more slowly advancing blue in FALMOUTH do they not unite within the cell band. Hydrolysis and differen- and form a coagulation there? tial diffsion form sizable layers As a provisional hypothesis to within a few seconds. explain this point, let us assume Among the many other inter- that calcium within the cell is esting facts brought out by Dr. for the most part not free but Heilbrunn is the viscosity-tem- DISTRIBUTORS FOR bound up in some loose combin- perature curve of the egg of the ation with lipoid. This hypo- dam Cuminciia, which shows a thesis is very possibly wrong, peculiar maximum at about 15" S. S. PIERCE CO. but it has the advantage that it C. and also another near the can be very readily te.sted." freezing point, and one at 30" Fat solvents cause a breakdown C. "There is no known inani- of pigment granules and forma- mate colloid that behaves like ! ;

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN

Evolution of the The undying thirst for finger Chemical Room bowls was even then manifested by the presence of 841 of them; Copliii Jars, 259; alcohol lamps, (Continued from Pag? 1) 106; Naples jars, 458; balsam

bottles, 125 ; empty glass stop- "Cogito ergo sum"—perhaps in pered bottles of various sizes, this case better "Appellatus ergo about 750; alcohol bottles, 319: EXHIBIT sum"—has proven untrue, at bottles with special reagents ex- least in the case of the writer clusive of stock bottles, 240; noticed any in- who has not battery jars of various sizes, 24 ; crease in his limited store of aquarium jars, round, 18, "and chemical lore since he has been 31 of various sizes in loft"; cry- Scientific Instruments dubbed "Chemist". Professor stalization dishes, about 125 Hunter was succeeded in this square glass trays, 82; glass office by the writer in 1905, pos- funnels, 30; mortars, 4; grad- some "4 sibly 1906. there being uated cylinders, including July 1 9th to 29th doubt about the date. At the over old iron stairway", 68 time when the present incumb- Syracuse watch glasses (even ent assumed this office the Lhen well represented), 693; Chemical Room occupied a por- hones, 5; Petri dishes, 81; tion of the second floor of the Tralle hydrometer for spirit, 1 Old Main LECTURE HALL middle part of the Beaume specific gravity scales, occupied by the Building, now 4 ; centigrade thermometers, 28 ; This class in Protozoology. graduated pipettes, 44 ; ungrad- portion was a part of the west uated pipettes, 11; various sizes the remainder side of this room, of beakers, 149 ; Erlenmeyer being occupied by the Library flasks, 133; wash bottles, 27; and two investigators' rooms at Jena flasks, 9; stender dishes. The Chemical the north end. 63 ; test tube stands, 30 ; shovels. nf- Room itself was thus about 38; pails, 14; siphon tubes, 6; teen to twenty feet long by .small paraffin baths, 17; bell about twelve feet wide. This Jars, 5; square aquarium jars, in- generous space was further 5; paraffin filter, 1; iron tripods Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. creased by a loft directly above, 19: stock bottles, 28; nappies. access to which was gained by 126. This, however, does not Executive Offices and Manufactory a somewhat perilous and acro- apparently include the total lab- batic ascent by means of very oratory equipment for we find At this steep mov;ible steps. some fifteen or sixteen pages ROCHESTER, N. Y. primitive period the chemical devoted to various items headed activities of the Chemist con- "Phys. Shipment—3339" and sisted mainly in mixing such covering about five pages, the time honored compounds as re-^iaining ten being headed Fleming's, Kleinenberg's, Per- "General Supplies" with num- enyi's and other similar fluids. bers apparently representing with We were not troubled then orders. If we pick out the molecular weight solutions, buf- chem.ical item.s they reach the fers and other various stand- staggering total of over 100, the a ardized solutions, all against remainder being devoted to mis- of shifting, chaotic background cellaneous laboratory supplies. and SUPPLIES ions, electrolytes, etc., with a We find also a heading "Phys, number of dubious new elements Store-room" with no inventory con- thrcwn in to increase the indicated. It is to be suspected fusion. Even at this early pe- however, that even at that early riod the necessity of protection date the physiologists had be- against the withdrawal of un- gun their nefarious activities due amounts of expensive rea- and absorbed those fifteen pages gents was exemplified by the of supplies. following incident, of perhaps authenticity: an in- doubtful C 'nirr! Nfxt Week) \ pstigator ordered a solution of osmic acid. When asked v/hat strength, he said, "Oh, When Lookinsr for Reliable about ten per cent", and when Merchandise Try Our General Laboratory and Museum Supplies Include: asked the amount he said "About two quarts" Scientific Apparatus and Instruments, Chemicals, Ana- On his induction in hi.i officia' ARENOVSKI'S tomical Models, Osteological Preparations, Natural duties the was Eit. 1392 Phone Chemist 410 History Specimens and Preparations, Wall Charts, solemnly presented by the The Home of Director (Dr. F. R. Lillie) Museum and Naturalists' Supplies, Glass Jars, Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothinj with a volume entitled Lamron & Hubbard Hats IMiscro'SCopes and Accessories. "Memoranda, M. B. L., 1904 Frintzess Suits, Coats and Biological and General Laboratory Supplies F. R. L.. Inventory S-spt. 23 Dresses 1904". This volume was about 7x4", very slightly larger than Everything in the Way of Sport THE KNY-SCHEERER our present order books. In Clothes CORPORATION this we find some eight or nine Walk-Over Shoes OF AMERICA pages devoted to an inventDr^ Satisfaction of the "main storeroom". It Guaranteed or D:pt. of Natural Science, 119-125 7th Ave. might be of interest to give a Money Refunded G. Lagai, Ph.D. (Cor. 17th St.) brief summary of its items in New York Citv the order in which they occur. PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET

OUR AUTHORiteS The chief duty of the Coast Guard is the patrolling of the coast waters to apprehend Dr. Edwin G. Conklin is pro- smugglers, a considerable task TI fessor of zoology at Princeton in this region where the coast is the imiKirtaiit factor in all )i4-ti\ itlent University and a member of the is well indented and the many SAVE IT National Academy of Sciences. small inlets and creeks offer an to I»j- u»iing: Dr. Conklin came down opportunity for illicit traffic. first in 1890, and The Wistar Institute Bibliographic Service Woods Hole Police duty is not their only with the exception of three or task, however. The Coast Guard which brings to your table authors' abstracts of all papers' about in Europe, to appear in the: four summers spent is frequently called upon to per- •JouriKtl of Morplioloi^y and l*li.v8iolog:y he has been with us constantly. rescue work. In the past form The Journal of Comparative Neurology During the summers of 1890-91 year the Woods iiole base alone The Ainrrifan Journal of Anatomy ' he occupied the Johns Hopkins has performed over eighty-five The Anatoniinil Record University Table at the Bureau rescues, eight of them occurring The Journal of Dxperimental Zoology AmericUJi Anatomical Meinoris of Fisheries, and also did some withing a period of two weeks American Journal of Physical Anthropologry work over at the Marine Bio- in January—a considerable rec- Folia Anatoniicn Japonic-a {Tokyo. Japan) logical Laboratory. His studies ord of service for so short a Biological Bulletin were then devoted to the em- period. Besides the work of The Journal of rarawitology bryology of Crepidula—and he rescuing wrecked vessels by Stain Te<*hn!>Iosy has been carrying on investiga- AuBtraiinn Journal of Experimental Biology means of the patrol boats, there and Medical Science (Adtlaidc. South Australia) tions in this field almost ever are the specialized life-saving Advance Abstract Sheets _--__--_ $3.00 per year since. crews stationed at Gay Head Bibliographic Service Cards ______$5.00 per year Oliver S. St'/cng is pro- Dr. and Nantucket where continu- Beth appear before the complete articles are published fessor of neurology and neuro- ous five mile patrols are main- histology at the College of tained on shore to guard the THE WISTAR INSTITUTE Physicians and Surgeons, Co- safety of coastwise traffic. TIi:rty-si\(h Stri"-t and V»o..jM:iiid A\rnne :: :: :: rhi!ade]phi;i, Pa. lumbia University. Dr. Strong's initial visit to Woods Hole was Beach Tennis Courts to 1892. in the summer of With Be in Readiness S^.or'. the exception of the summers of 1900 and 1902 he has not missed Due to no fault on the part of a year out of the thirty-six the Courts Committee, the M. B. HOTPOINT ELECTRIC RANGES years. During the years from L. Tennis Club is not yet able 1895-1901, inclusive, Dr. Strong to present its full complement Electric heat is flameless, uniform in intensity, was associated with Dr. Frank of courts for play. The work evenly distributed and easily regulated. Accurate R. Lillie in giving the course in of reconstruction on the three embryology down this labora- Beach Courts, which were tc heat control means that your favorite dish can be tory. have been ready for active use made over and over again with uniformly successful early this Spring, has been un- Wide Area Patrolled avoidably delayed and as a re- results. sult the Mess Court is the only by Local Coast Guard Cost of cooking electrically is much less than one at present functioning. It is hoped that in a very short generally supposed. Recently, with the abolition time one of the Beach Courts of the Coast Guard Station at (the East one) will be opened Nantucket, the Woods Hole base for play and that work will con- CAFE AND VINEYARD ELECTRIC CO. has taken over tinue actively on the other two. their work and Falmouth Hyannis Chatham Bluffs To avoid undue crowding of the Oak now includes in its patrol area one court now in use complete all the coastwise waters as far cooperation is requested of the east as Monomoy Point (at the members in the matter of sign- upward bend of the Cape) in- ing up for play. SANSOUCi cluding Nantucket and the Dr. R. Bennitt is treasurer Vineyard. The present equip- again this season and announces WALLACE'S MARKET BARBER SHOP ment consists of fifteen that is seventy- he continually in a re- Expert Bofcibin,3r five foot patrol boats, three ceptive frame of mind. He may MEATS and PROVISiONil WOODS HOLE, MASS. thirty-six foot pickets and one be found in Room 25 of the Old speed boat. It is particularly Main Building, and should re- Staple and Fancy Groceries interesting to know that the ceive promptly the dues of all Fresh Vesetabies in Season last, the little grey fellow that those who desire to make use of attracts so much attention as it the M. B. L. courts. The dues F. E. WALLAiOE, Prop. churns through the Hole is a to members of the M. B. L. are Established 1904 converted rum runner that was as usual S5.00 for the season FALMOUTH, MASS. found adrift, and was induced and S4.00 for the six-weeks by the Coast Guard to abandon period of the courses. The rate its nefarious ways and become to transients is $1.00 a week or a useful citizen of these waters. fraction thereof. Junior mem- Besides these smaller craft bership (for those under 16) is there is the station ship, the $2.50. Wyandotte. This vessel is re- In view of the crippled condi- placing the familiar Acushnet tion of the courts this year, it which is now relieving a New seems advisable to dispense with York cutter, and will not be back the annual tournament which in these waters until the Fall. has for so long been an out- The personnel of the base standing feature of the Club's comprises one hundred and activities. Should any change sixty-two enlisted men, nineteen in this policy become possible, warrant officers and three com- due announcement of the fact missioned officers, under the will be made on the various bul- able command of Lieutenant R. letin-boards and through the L. Raney. columns of The Collecting Kef. :

II Volume Subscriiilirrii Sl.'W '2 WOODS HOLE, MASS., SATURDAY, JULY 16, 1927 Number single t'opk's. !:.<• BUREAU OF FISHERIES CONSERVATION WORK Currents in the Hole Laboratory At Penikese

At following hours the current Fish Commission Established by Con- in the hole turns to run from Buz- tore Runner of M. B. L. gress in 1871 zards Bay to Vineyard Sound: A.iVL P.M. The United States Pish Com- July 15 5.00 5.15 "THE STORY OF WOODS HOLE" mission was established by Con- July 16 6.00 6.15 Dr. Edwin Grant Conklin July 17 7.00 7.15 gress in 1871 and Spencer Ful- Professor of Zoology, Princeton University July 18 8.00 8.15 lerton Baird was appointed the July 19 8.30 9.00 IL THE BEGINNING OF BIOLOGY AT WOODS HOLE. first Commissioner in the same July 20 9.20 10.00 Until the Commis- July 21 10.05 11.00 year. 1903 1. The Coming of the Fish Commission sion was operated as an inde- July 22 11.10 11.45 July 23 11.50 12.00 The history of Woods Hole as a biological center began in pendent organization but at In each case the current 1871, when Spencer F. Baird, Secretary of the Smithsonian that time it was placed under changes six hours later and runs Institution, was made the first Commissioner of the United the administration of the, then, from the Sound to the Bay. States Fish Commission which had just been established by Department of Commerce and Act of Congress. Baird opened Labor and the title was changed a laboratory in an old shed on to the United States Bureau of the Lighthouse Board's wharf Fisheries. The duties of the ^i}t of Sgas^sJi? in Little Harbor in the summer Commission were outlined by draper of 1871. During the three fol- Prof. Baird in his report of By John Greenleaf Whittier lowing summers he conducted 1872-73 in the following words work at Eastport and Portland, which refer to the resolution of On the isle of Penikese, Maine and at Naank, Connecti- Congress establishing the Com- Ringed about by sapphire seas. cut, and in 1875 he again came missdon : "The resolution . . . Fanned by breezes salt and cool, back to Woods Hole where a directed that it should be the Stood the Master with his school. laboratory was fitted up on the duty of the Commissioner to wharf in Little prosecute the necessary inquir- Over sails that not in vain Government Harbor, of which Baird said in ies, with a view of ascertaining Wooed the west-wind's steady strain. his "Report" (1876) : "With whether any and, if so, what Line of coast that far low and the exception of the building diminution in the number of Stretched its undulating bar, erected by Professor Agassiz at food-fishes of the coast and lakes aslant it is first perma- of the United States had taken Wings along the rim Penikese the nent sea coast lab- place; and to determine what Of the waves they stooped to skim. and formal oratory, constructed and put were the causes of the same, and Rock and isle and glistening bay. into operation especially for the to suggest any measures that Fell the beautiful white day. purpose, in the States." might serve evil." United to remedy the Said the Master to the youth From 1877 to 1880 the work (Continued on Page 10) "We have come in search of truth. of the Fish Commission was Trying with uncertain key carried on at Salem and Hali- Laboratory Activities Door by door of mystery; fax, Gloucester, Provincetown, and Newport. After having We are reaching, through His laws. Tuesday, July 19 tried out all of these placs To the garment-hem of Cause. 8.00 P. M. Baird decided that Woods Hole Evening Lecture. Dr. Jacques was the best place for the per- Him, the Bronfenbrenner, Associate at endless, unbegun. manent laboratory of the Fish Rockefeller Institute. Subiect: The Unnamable, the One Commission. In his "Report" "Studies in the Bacteriopliagre : care- of d'Herelle" (provisional title). Light of all our light the Source, for 1882 he wrote "After Motion pictures. Life of life, and Force of force. ful consideration of the subject the choice was found to lie be- Friday, July 22 As with fingers of the blind, 4.00-6.00 tween two stations. Woods Hole P. M. We are groping here to find Botany Tea. and Newport." The former was 8.00 P. M. What the hieroglyphics mean finally chosen because the sea Evening Lecture. Dr. Frank R. Of the Unseen in the seen, water there was exceptionally Lillie, University of Chicago. What the Thought which underlies pure, free from sediment or Subject: "The Gene and the contamination with sewage, Autogenetic Process". Nature's masking and disguise. while there were strong tide Saturday, July 23 What it is that hides beneath currents and no large rivers to 9:00-12:00 P. M. Blight and bloom and birth and death. reduce the salinity of the water. Club Dance. Orchestra. M. B. L. By past efforts unavailing. Baird undertook to enlist the Club. Admission free to mem- bers; 75c for non-members. Doubt and error, loss and failing. cooperation of educational insti- Sunday, July 24 Of our weakness made aware, tutions and of other corpora- Beginning at Twilight tions and individuals in the es- On the threshold of our task Informal Singing. Roof of Brick tablishment at Woods Hole of a Let us Building if the weather is good. light and guidance ask, national center of biological re- Otherwise the group will gather Let us pause in silent prayer!" search, and to this end he pro- upstairs on the M. B. L. Club porch. posed that the land for the sta-

(Continued on Page 3) (Continued on Page 3) 1

>AGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

tion of carbon dioxide in neural APPARATUS ROOMS "The Chemical Room" and other forms of vital activity. ENTAIL MUCH CARE SPECIAL SALE Its Past and Present Move to Crane Building OF Dr. Olinr S. struiiB I'rnd'ssDr of Xfuniliiiiy ami Xmiro- During the whole sojourn in Precision and fragile appara- METAMl POCKET Histolusy, t'lilli'Kf "f l'h.\sicians i:iul the basement the Chemical MICROSCOPE J-'urgfous. Coliinilila I'liiviTsity. tus owned by the Marine Bio- This is the siHomi installiiieut <>f steadily expanded and Mn^nilicalion '>r>X )o (iO«X Room has been set Dr. Strongs artuli' on the develop- crowded when logical Laboratoi-y ment of the Chemical Room. was very much special rooms and cases finally transferred in 1914 to aside in In a year or two it was found the south side of the basement in charge of a custodian. This brick building donat- exten- that a larger space was required in the new group includes a fairly ed by Charles R. Crane and for the Chemical Room and new sive equipment of physical and opened for the first time that were taken up in the physico - chemical insftruments quartei-s season. At that time the east- part of are kept in adjustment basement of the middle ern end of the basement, the which the Old Main Building including part now with a wooden floor and repair especially for re- the adjoining end of the north and some other adjoining rooms search. The stock is indexed, south end, were occupied wing. These quarters were on the and a list arranged alphabetical- by Mr. and Mrs. Bisco. much more spacious than the ly for reference will be found in of the ceiling Before, however, this trans- old, but the height the apparatus rooms office, room important in- in places made tall persons prac- fer was made an introduced by the 216, Brick Laboratory. Except- tically ineligible as assistants. novation was in This consisted in the ing certain instruments of pre- It may be remarked here that Chemist. of a member of the are permanently 1907 "the ad,ioining Dark Rooms appointment cision which of the assist- for photography in the south gentler sex as one reserved for comparison and Room, wing, with their marvelous ants in the Chemical calibration the apparatus is ac- Cheniist labyrinthine passages, were con- Miss Dawscn. The cesible for short loans, but it is of i-emembers the trepidation structed under the direction well desired that this equipment shall Met a 111! 1' »r;;.l);<- "ti n Tdsfope this inno- with rase i'i'iii<»v)'(( the Chemist, accompanied by of the Director when be generally available and that suggested to him. Eqwippc'il with two first quality dry the steadily increasing horror vation was its use shall not be restricted to objectives, tme bcin;:: slon-d when not use ou the bast- ol" ihe instru- at the mounting Quite recently the Chemist re- persons. It in of the Director a small number of im'iit. as sliKwu in the ilustration. of this_ in- expenses involved during con- minded the Director is requested, therefore, that in- Any luaynificatiou bftwecu 2.jX and pointing out the brilliant TdtOX can )m' obtained I)y simply struction. The basement Chem- cident, vestigators who could not pro- pulling our the teles<'n]ie draw tubes

i»n are two ealibrations : its mysteries too. success of this innovation and themselves with special ap- whieh (here ical Room had vide nuL' lor the low. and the other fop Director very gracefully ex- A certain gentleman, now an the paratus plan their work so as to the luKli power objeelive. plained his trepidation as due Sta^'c wUii iris diaphragm may be honored professor in one of our make the best use of the more swun^^ aside to faeilitate chanjriiij; was at to fear for the safety of the expensive and delicate instru- (ibjeelives. Concave ail.iu--table mir- best known universities, r:»r illuuiinatps the dbjeet. bachelor Chemist. a<-c'>niplisiiiHl by that time engaged to a young ments, by permitting for some Fine foeusinj? is of the Chemi- inrniii^' the knurled ctillar. lady residing in Woods Hole to The expansion rotation or interchange with Sui'Ttlied eonipb'te in a ni.-tal (sse r-roseope be mar- cal Room and the consequent others. Where this is imprac- wliieh Ills d"\vn over Ihe in whom he v.-as soon to pari when i.ot was by no lully proteetinu: every ried. One evening, on his way desire for more space ticable the Laboratory will en- in use. Weight ^9 oz. the new quar- SPKl'IAI. SAM-: I'KICK S:t5.fl0 to discuss with his fiancee cer- means checked in deavor to provide the necessary were tain important details of their ters and soon longing eyes equipment but will in such cases PALO COMPANY he en- cast upon Mr. Bisco's apartment charge a moderate fee for its Alip.Tratus for Industrial juul Lab- approaching wedding, oratory Use well adapt- >'. countered a certain animal in- which was not really use. 153 «>st 2:ir

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE "The Story of Woods Hole" Lou^s Agassiz died in December, ®f)e of 1873, and the (Continued from Page 1) draper ^gas^s^i? school was con- tinued the following summer (Continued from Page 1) under tion be purchased by such insti- the direction of his son, tutions, corporations, and per- Alexander Agassiz, and was Then the then sons and presented to the Gov- Master in his place abandoned owing chiefly ernment for this purpose. Ac- Bowed his head a little space, to its inaccessibility. shore On the opening day cordingly the land and And the leaves by soft airs stirred, Professor which the buildings and Agassiz gathered all the stu- line on Lapse of wave and cry of bird wharves of the Bureau of Fish- dents in the large laboratory Left the solemn hush unbroken room eries now stand was bought of and amid the noise of car- Of that Isaiah Spindle for §7,250, and wordless prayer unspoken, penters' hammers occurred the presented to the Government, While its wish, on earth unsaid. scene celebrated by Whittier in his poem, this sum being contributed by Rose to heaven interpreted. "The Prayer of Agas- donors: siz". This large building which the following As, in life's best hours, we hear was in the The Old Colony R. R. Co $2500 form of an H had the By the_jpirit's finer ear Johns Hopkins University 1000 laboratories on the first floor Princeton University 1000 His low voice within us, thus and dormitories on the second, Williams College 500 The All-Father heareth us; one wing for men and the other Alexander Agassiz 500 for women. In addition to Jolin M. Forbes 1000 And his holy ear we pain this Spindle & Co 500 building there were a mess hall Isaiah With our noisy words and vain. Mrs. Robert L. Stuart 2d0 and kitchen and the house of Not for Him our violence Mr. Joseph S. Fay donated the director. After two sessions Storming the tract of land along the at the gates of sense. these buildings stood unoccu- shore between the present Coast His the primal language, his pied until about 1894, when Guard wharf and the entrance The eternal silences! they were destroyed by fire. At to Penzance. one time it was proposed to Mr. Agassiz for Harvard transport the laboratory build- Even University and the other col- the careless heart vvas moved, ing to Woods Hole, but Profes- leges and universities named And the doubting gave assent. sor Baird found that the cost made their contributions "with With a gesture reverent. would not warrant this under- far taking. the understanding that, as To the Master well-beloved. as possible they were each to be Agassiz had a number of As thin mists are glorified allowed to send one specialist to framed mottoes hung in the By the light the station for the purpose of they cannot hide. laboratory, among them the carrying on scientific work." All who gazed upon him saw, following (Fish Commission Report Through its veil of tender awe, "Study Nature, not Books." This explains the fact "The Laboratory is to 1883). How his face was still uplit me a that each of these institutions Sanctuary; By the old sweet look of it. has the privilege of appointing I would have nothing done in Hopeful, trustful, a representative to a table at full of cheer, it unworthy of the Great the Fisheries Bureau. When on And the love that casts out fear. Author." one occasion this privilege was Who the secret may declare These and other mottoes were denied by the Commissioner of Of that brief, unuttered prayer? brought to the M. B. L. by As- Fisheries Mr. Agassiz fought Did the shade before him come sistant Director Bumpus about this decision and won his case. 1893 and were hung in the old Of the inevitable doom, Thus the Fish Commission library room, irrespective of the Of the Laboratory was permanently end of earth so near. fact that the first of these mot- established at Woods Hole in And Eternity's new year? toes was scarcely appropriate 1881, the land belonging to the for a library. present Fisheries Bureau was The influence of the Penikese In the lap of sheltering seas acquired, and in the following School was out of all proportion Rests the isle of Penikese; year the present Laboratory to its length of life; during its But the lord of the domain was built. In 1886 the "Resi- brief existence many subse- Comes not to his own again dence" was constructed and quent leaders in American biol- Where the eyes that follow fail. there Baird died in the summer ogy studied or taught there, On a vaster sea his sail of 1887. among these, W. K. Brook, Cor- Drifts beyond our beck and hail. 2. The Agassiz Laboratory at nelia Clapp, Alpheus Hyatt, Other lips witthin its bound Penikese. David Starr Jordan, Charles Shall the laws of life expound Sedgwuck Minot, Edward S. While Woods Hole was thus Other eyes from rock and shell selected Morse, C. 0. Whitman, Burt G. as the permanent sta- Read tthe world's old riddles well: Wilder and many others. In tion of the United States Fish But when breezes light and bland Commission another address at the opening of the laboratory, Blow from Summer's blossomed land. short-lived Marine Biological Laboratory but of great influ- When the air is glad with wings. in 1888, Professor Whitman ence, was established by Louis And the blithe song-sparrow sings, said Agassiz on Penikese, : "At the close of the sec- one of the Many an eye with his still face ond and last session at Penikese Elizabeth Islands, only fifteen Shall the living ones displace. miles in 1874, Alexander Agassiz ap- distant from Woods Hole. Many an ear the word shall seek This pealed to all the colleges and all small island about two- He alone could fitly speak. interested Boards of Education thirds of a mile long and half And one name forevermore as broad was for support; but all in vain, for given to Professor Shall be uttered o'er and o'er Agassiz not a single favorable reply was by Mr. Anderson for By the waves that kiss the shore. the received, and so his intention to purpose of establishing By the curlew's whistle sent there a remove the laboratory to Woods summer school of Na- Down the cool, sea-scented air; Hole was never carried out. tural History, and a large lab- In all voices known to her, Thus that great and memorable oratory and dormitory building Nature owns her worshipper. undertaking, after absorbing was erected and the school Half in triumph, half lament. opened in enough money to build and the summer of 187.3. Thither Love shall tearful turn. This was, equip a most magnificent lab- according to Profes- Friendship pause uncovered there. sor oratory, was abandoned for Whitman, "The first sea- And the wisest reverence learn side school of Natural History." From the Master's silent prayer. (Continued on Page 5) PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

most destructive form. The protect ourselves against the DUGGER LECTURES bulbs of lilies imported from tremendous losses from virus Bermuda and Japan are a good diseases. illustration. The plants as Virus diseases of plants in ON PLANT VIRUSES grown in these countries show one sense are developing a very no marked diseased symptoms, interesting situation. These Dr. D. P. Duggei', professor of plant physiology and economic biology but when the bulbs are grown diseases are largely transmitted at the University of Wisconsin, deliver a lecture on virus diseases of in the United States the plants by insects. Their understand- plants on the evening of July 8. are mainly worthless due to ing and control are calling for virus diseases carried on the the united effort of plant pa- Author's Summary Review bulbs. It is only recently that thologists and entomologists. the cause of poor production These two groups are accord- In this discussion of investi- Doctor Bugger's lecture on from these apparently good ingly being drawn together in gations on some virus diseases plantviruses showed such care- Inilbs has been realized. These their work. The entomologists ful, logical and thorough experi- of plants the lecturer confined countries must learn to grow are also coming to realize that mentation and such judicious himself to those diseases with the lilies free from virus dis- the direct injury insects do to and clear presentation that re- "mosaic" characteristics, eases, we must produce such plants is hardly move significant typical view of it, beyond his own sum- bulbs ourselves or lilies must than their indirect injury as especially the mosaic disease of mary, is unnecessary. The cease to hold their important virus carriers. tobacco. This disease exhibits writer will therefore content place amongst ornamentals. It as the most striking symptom a himself with a few added com- A group of virus diseases of .seems very likely also that these plants blotched (deep green and yel- ments on the subject of virus thai Doctor Duggar did virus diseases are the cause of low green) appearance of the diseases of plants. JMoreover, not include in nis diocussion are of the sterility tiiat has leaves accompanied by deep- these comments must be consid- much of great interest. This group been found in lilies by geneti- is seated histological changes, but ered as those of a layman or well exemplified bj' "aster cists; this sym.pton of the dis- yellows". This disease little if any necrosis. The virus amateur in the field, for virus has so ease being interpreted as a far as knov,-n a specific cai-rier, is readily transmissible by diseases are quite aside from the genetic character. Cicachila sexnotata, means of diseased juice, but writer's field of investigation. I a species of nonculturable outside of the The main claim the writer has Some of the potato virus dis- leafhopper. The virus must also be in the body of the insect host, so that experimental work to knowledge in this field is con- eases—and there are several of for sometime before it is trans- of all types involves infection tact in his laboratory with sev- these—manifest themselves only missible to other plants. experiments. eral investigators of virus dis- when the crop is growing at Curi- ously enough L^.s same disease After a consideration of eases. His knowledge of virus temperatures below 27 degrees can be transmitted by the same rather extensive cytological diseases has been acquired much C. At 27 degrees C and above insect to many different plants studies made recently, in which as carbon takes up the viruses, the ordinary symptoms disap-f including fifteen families and em.phasis has been laid on the Vy absorption. pear. For some years Bermuda more than fifty species. Curi- possible significance of certain There is no doubt about the has been trying to grow her seed ously enough too the favored intracellular bodies variously enormous economic loss caused potatoes for fall planting in host of this insect, China aster, identified as "protozoan-like", by these diseases-. It is a ques- Long Island. This has been an was imported from China where "pathological", etc. it was point- tion whether this loss is greatly uphill job because of the abund- the disease does not appear and ed out that while cytological exceeded in many crops by the ance of virus carrying insects. the carrier was imported from studies might be suggestive, damage caused by the combined With her best efforts the seed Europe where the disea.se does final proof of the nature of the injury of fungal and bacterial still bore enough virus tc reducj not also appear. Bringing the casual agency must be based on diseases. Moreover the injury the yield forty percent. They favored host and the carrier to- a variety of experimental .stud- caused by virus diseases seems report this year that seed crop gether has caused much trouble. ies. These last were presented to be increasing at an alarming on Long Island shov/s fifty per- The question naturally arises under three primary captions, rate. A few years ago we found cent mosaic and will not usable. where was the disease causing filtration, m.echanical comminu- in the literature a few refer- The high percentage of mosaic agent before the favored host tion, and adsorption. ences to "physiological dis- appearing this year may be due and carrier were brought to- Filtration experiments were eases". Today the literature in only to the cool season. The gether. Did it exist on certain carried out with a variety of plant pathology is filled with seed grown other years may have been as the con- plants in America with some commercial and adapted filter articles on virus diseases show- bad but other insect carrier, or is it a ing the great tolls taken by these ditions of growth masked the types, including porcelain, clay, matter of recent origin? For diseases. This increase may be symptoms. silicious earth, and collodion. these questions we have no an- These were tested and standard- due in part to increases in trans- Potatoes can be grown in the swer as yet. ized as to grade of porosity, as portation of plant products north most states of the United The transmission of "aster far as practicable, by means of which distribute both the virus- States almost entirely free from yellows" and the required incu- hydrophilic colloidal solutions es and their insect carriers and mosaic, but Bermuda has not bation period in the carrier's with particles of approximately in part this increase may be only formerly been able to use these body reminds one of two human known size. Parallel control apparent. We are just learning for seed, for the reason that the to diseases, namely; yellow fever work was done with some small notice losses that have long potato requires nine to twelve and malaria. In both of these forms of bacteria. The general existed but escaped our atten- weeks rest and the noi-thern human diseases the organisms result of the filtration work was tion. The fact that virus dis- potatoes are harvested only a causing the diseases have been the determination that the in- eases are not wholly or rapidly few weeks before they must be found and studied and are of fectious agency might exist in fatal, but manifest themselves planted in Bermuda. Recently microscopic dimensions. In the form of particles about the by greater or less reduction of Denny has discovered certain "aster yellows" the highest size of hemoglobin particles in a yields in many cases, by partial chemicals which force the pota- power of the microscope, dark standard one per cent solution, or complete sterility in others to into immediate growth and field illumination and ultra pho- calculated to be about 30-35uu. or by gradual killing over a pe- the far northern potatoes yield tographs with ultra violet light a size beyond microscopic vision. riod of years in still others, has much better in Bermuda than have all failed to show any or- It was found that for all practi- lead us to overlook for a long Long Island seed. Bermuda's ganisms. These facts add still cal purposes there was no inter- time the insidious cau.ses of these predicament this year with her more to the puzzling nature of ference with filtration on ac- losses. Long Island seed may lead her the causitive agents of virus count of the charge on the sur- One of the diflSculties met in to adopt this .physiological lontrolling diseases of plants, as developed face—whether negative or posi- virus diseases is the riiethod of control. This is only by the lecturer. There are sev- tive. Such filtration experi- fact that under certain condi- one illustration of several meth- eral plant virus diseases that ments, admittedly, throw no tions they may be present in a ods that have been worked out have specific carriers like "aster light on the capacity of the plant in masked form, that is, for partially controlling mosaic yellows" and that can be tran.s- virus to be drawn out into ex- without showing the usual diseases in one crop or another. mitted in nature, so far as tremely attenuate threads, but svmptoms or even marked re- In the main, however, control known, only by these carriers. it was felt that the grinding ex- duction in grovrth. With methods have not been devised To what extent the virus in changed conditions for gro^v+h and it is going to be no simple (Continued on Page 0) the disease may develop in its matter to work out methods to (Continued on Page 9) :

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

B. of F. Seminar Hears cold rooms, Soxhiet extractors, Special Service Information and table lights are furnished sterilizers, etc. Briefly their Hail and Galstoff Talk In addition to the equipment with each room, or on applica- locations are as follows: for tion scientific work several mat- to Mr. Bisco, Room 6, Brick On Thursday, July 7th, the Baances ters associated with the use and Laboratory. Special fixtures, staff of the Bureau of Fisheries, 200 gram capacity, 1/10 mgni construction of apparatus have changes in the wiring, or con- independent investigators of the sensititivity, analytical type. been developed in the Labora- nections to the special low or laiboratory and a number of in- Rooms 112, 119, 212, 31G tory along different lines. high voltage circuits may be ar- vited guests from the M. B. L. North wing O. M. Those in connection with the Ap- ranged when necessary thru colony joined in the first weekly First floor Bol. paratus Rooms, or which in Mr. Larkin, Room 7-a, basement, round table discussion of re- Brick Laboratory certain instances affect more Brick Lab. Before attaching search problems in the parlors 2 kilogram capacity, than one individual or stock special devices to the electric outlets of the Fisheries residence build- Room 119 Br. room and involve special appara- it will be well for each tus investigator ing. Dr. P. S. Galstaff, chief North wing 0. M. are briefly mentioned below. to look over the voltage oyster investigator of the Bu- First floor Bot. Occasional reference to this in- and ampere rating on the reau, discussed in a most inter- 5 kilogram capacity formation will be found helpful name plate, or consult with Mr. esting manner the Bureau's oy- Room 212 Br in expediting research" work in Larkin. The general light- ing circuit ster investigations on the vari- Trip scales and torsion bal- one way or another. in all buildings of the Laboratory ous sections of the coast from ances in Balance Rooms and Catalog File. Adjoining Room is 115 volts. Direct Current, Cape Cod to Texas, dwelling on application through Ap- 216, Brick Laboratory, will be and the outlets will normally particularly on the studies be- paratus Room Office. found a file of apparatus cata- carry 5 amperes satis- factorily ing conducted at Woods Hole Precision balances and logs and bulletins of numerous (550 to 600 watts). Under these and giving the results of his re- weights in care of certain manufacturers and dealers, ar- conditions resis- tance units cent experiments on ciliary mo- individuals. ranged alphabetically and kept are required for low voltage devices tion in the oysters with its bear- Centrifuges up to date. Investigators who ; transformers desire to procure cannot be used in the direct cur- ing on hibernation and self Rooms 110, 122, 205, 313 Br. special infor- mation concerning rent circuits. purification and also experi- First floor 0. M. cost and availability of It will be well for each one to ments on artificially induced Portable electric and hand apparatus may bear in mind that one side spawning. Dr. Galstofi" outlined centrifuges may consult this file or borrow of the on application. electric circuits his investigation proposed for for brief periods the printed is connected to Filter-pumps the ground the coming summer, mentioning attached to water matter on hand. and hence leakage pipes in most laboratory resulting in studies on the effects of heavy Electrical connections and possible damage to room or on application. metals on the metabolism of oy- lighting fixtures. Desk lamps Pumps of glass (Continued on Page 7) sters in which he will work in construction obtainable collaboration with Dr. Samuel through Chemical Room Lepkowsky, biochemist from the Special University of Wisconsin. equipment for intiv- mittent Dr. F. G. Hall from Duke work and high va- cuum by University, a temporary inves- application through CENTRIFUGES Apparatus Rooms OflSce tigator of the Bureau, discussed INTERNATIONAL his studies which began several Kjeldahl distilling and digesting EQUIPMENT CO. years ago on changes in the shelves 352 Western Ave., Boston, Mass. composition of fish blood in re- Room 108 and 121 Br. These Centrifuges sponse to changes in the en- Extra shelves and equipment were developed to meet, in a practical way, vironment. Dr. Hall explained on application. the varied requirements of many laboratories. They his studies on the effects of as- are made in several sizes, Photographic safelights, etc. with capacities ranging from Dhyxiation and changes in sa- two tubes of Rooms under Invertebrate 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, linity as shown by the composi- Zoology Class Room, in and with relative centrifugal tion of the blood system. Both forces up to 3800 times charge of Dr. E. C. Cole, gravity. papers inspired a free and in- Room 24, 0. M., Room 315 formal discussion, which was Br. Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory followed by social a hour during Safelights (Wratten & Wain- Sizes. which refreshments were wright screens) on applica- served. Many enjoyed dancing tion to fit ceiling fixtures in in the smoking room, while both Laboratory dark rooms. newcomers and old timers were Refrigerators afforded an opportunity to be- come acquainted. Special cold rooms, basement. Brick Lab. (Adjustments of TIME Apparatus Rooms temperature in charge of Mr. IS the important factor In all activities T. E. Larkin, Superintendent Entail Much Care SAVE IT of Machinery, Room 7-a. Br.). by UHinfr (Continued from Page 2) The Wistar Refrigerators with ice Institute Bibliographic Service Location the which brings to your table of more General Room 122, also corridor of authors' abstracts of all papers about Eqtdpment third floor. Brick Lab. to appear in the Many of the heavier pieces of North wing 0. M. .Journal of Moriilioloj-y and Pliysioloey apparatus are not loaned but The .Journal of Comparative NeuroloBy Soxhiet extractors The .American Journal of Anatomy located at convenient places Room 110 Br. The Anatomical Record about the Laboratory buildings Tile .Journal of Experimental Zoology connected for use, o," available Sterilizers, including vertical American Anatomical Memoris to be moved into a suitable spot autoclaves, Lautenschlager .American Journal of Physical Anthropology Folia Anatomica for work. Smaller hot air-ovens, etc. Japonica (Tokyo. Japan) and more Biological Bulletin Rooms 1, 111, portable outfits of the same kind, 121, 206, 315 The Journal of Parasitology however, are to be found in one Br. .Stain Technology of the apparatus store rooms and First floor Bot. .Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Medical loaned on application. In such Freas Drying Oven Room Science (Adelaide. .South Australia) Advance Abstract Sheets a list of equipment with definite 110, Br. 53.00 per year Bibhog-raphie Service Cards location, may be included the $5.00 per year X-Ray equipment in charge of Both appear balances or before the complete articles are published scales, centrifuges, of Dr. J. W. Maver, R. 343, filter-pumps, gas tanks, Kjeld- Br. THE ahl shelves, ovens, WISTAR INSTITUTE photographic Smaller portable devices, Thirty-sixth Street Ap- and Woodland Avenue :: :: :: :: Philadelphia, Pa. equipment, refrigerators and paratus Rooms. ,

PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

which has been partly lost with very bulky, was of such a char- document and handed it back to The Collecting Net the rapid growth of the labora- acter that very few changes in the author, thereby deftly avoid- tory. Older people number the leaves have had to be made ing its perusal. A weekly publication devoted to evenings of singing since. only were the items It is proposed to quote freely the activities of the Marine Biolo^- these as Not cal Laboratcry and of Woods Hole in among the most enjoyable hours shown, but also the catalogue from this admirable document general. spent at Woods Hole—and we numbers from a well-known and at the risk of repeating various BOARD OF ADVISORS are confident that those who can large firm, such as Eimer and notices already seen ad nauseam find time to this Sunday will at- Amend, were indicated and on by members of the M. B. L. Robert Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, tend again the following week. the backs of the opposite pages, The department of "Chemical Cornell Uaivjrsity Medical School. which were blank, correspond- Supplies", located in the "Chemi- Edwin J. Conklin, Prof, of Biology, DIRECTORY ADDENDA ing illustrations cut from the cal Room" has charge of the Princeton University. ADDITIONS catalogue were pasted, thereby ordering, storing and distribu- Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of zoo- making it much easier for as- tion of all laboratory apparatus logy, Yale Ui.iversity. Shauffler, W. G. phys. (Princeton) sistants unfamiliar with the (excepting the more delicate Br. 225. supplies to identify the vari- and expensive apparatus already EDITORIAL STAFF Mathews, A. P. prof. phys. Cincinnati ous articles. Dates of purchase alluded to as in charge of Pro- Ware Cattell Editor Br. 344. mechanician, mechanical and also catalogue prices were fessor Pond), glassware and Dorothy Ale\inder As3t. Editor Phipps, R. dept. added. Although the latter are reagents including drugs and Hugh Montgoin-ry Art Editor CORRECTIONS subject to considerable changes dyes, owned by the M. B. L. and Mrs. L. V. Hoilbrunn. .General News '^rane, S. collector. they nevertheless furnish gen- used by the M. B. L. investiga- Helen S. Morr:.; General News Sribyatta, L. fel. Rockefeller Inst. indications as to the values tors and classes during their Br. HI. eral Contributing Editors Thorn, Louise C. see. to Dr. Crocker. of the articles. The firms are work in the M. B. L. labora- Jack Fogg Sport News indicated by initials and in the tories. It does not sell or in any Hole" front of the catalogue there Vv-ay provide supplies to be used Ward I. Gregg Invertebrate "The Story of Woods part Mary Hardesty Embryology is a key to these initials giving elsewhere than in the M. B. L. (Continued from Page 3) the firms and The titles "Chemical Supplies" T. G. Adams Protozoology the fuli names of their addresses, such data being and "Chemical Room" are thus Bu:.:ness Staff shelves of each rack. The wall often very uesful in ordering not entirely accurate but were ,vood.,.Bas. Manager shelf racks are indicated by WA, vl.u.ir.rlnc U.idc- more supplies. Other abbrevia- chosen to sharply differentiate etc. and the tables as TA, WB, tions used are also explained in the department from the "Sup- entry as second-class TB, etc. There is a separate {Application for this place. The extension in- ply Department" (under Mr. matter is pending.) locked cabinet filled with draw- ventory sheets can be removed Gray in the Stone Building) ers for the dyes, drugs and some when filled and others inserted which furnishes biological ma- The U:Kversal Press of the rarer metals. As a minor in their place. The location terial (animal and plant) not Woods Hole possibly of interest New Bedford noint, but of only to investigators and classes Massachusetts in the Chemical Room it may be mentioned that the I each item is also noted on the of the M. B. L. but sells the same numbers of the shelves, the j main page after each item. to various other institutions and chemical symbols of the bases is also sells certain other supplies Cur Home and While such a catalogue not i occupying certain shelves | very often consulted by mem- which investigators at the M. B. appreciate greatly the ether similar de.signations are We bers of the staff who have be- L. may require for their per- privilege of using the Trustees stenciled with a water paint and j come familiar with the location manent use. The Chemical Room which was extended to us subsequently brushed over with I of supplies it is often very use- Room staff makes up the vari- during the preparation of the shellac. Other more complete ful to new members and is neces- ous fixing, hardening, preserv- "Directory for 1927". At this time-consuming labeling, and | sary for .stability in their gen- ing and staining solutions, and time frequent consultation was subject to change, is simp-i more eral arrangement. certain standardized reagents necessary with those persons ly neatly lettered on the edges Before taking the general used by investigators and classes in the business office with soft yellow up working of the shelves in ordinary biological and chemi- the Laboratory, and the this is sprayed functions of the Chemical Room of chalk. When cal work. It aoes not, howwer, the latter light- shellac in an it is proximity of v/ith a solution of and the system upon which 'undertake special chemical work task. so that it run, it well re- ened our atomizer it is fixed may be to for individuals or classes. rubbed off. The Collecf'ng Net has now cannot be readily mark that the Chemical Room The main duties of the Chemi- are desired the is largely postplanned. not pre- become established in its new- When changes cal Room staff are thus (a) easily be re- postplanning there headquarters in the Old Car- whole label can planned. In ordering .supplies, (b) keeping

and a piece ; is codification of the penter Shop which was the loved with alcohol simply a these supplies in order and in "Bake Shop" in the old whal- of cloth. system after it has been evolved proper condition while stoi'ed Careful Records Kept ing days—and there it finds by actual experience. Preplan- in the Chemical Room, attend- and quiet. An Some ten years ago or there- ning consists in laying out a ample , space ing to their distribution to in- felt it in- em.bryo project thus installs it- abouts the Chemist system even down to minute de- vestigators and classes and to to get up an it self in an ancient setting. Here cumbent upon him tails before is put into actual their return, after use, in pro- the Chem- were made the sea biscuits elaborate catalogue of operation. While preplanning is per condition to their proper which would which the whalers stored in the ical Room supplies to some degree necessary, pre- places in the Chemical Room, inventory pur- are usually less hold of their vessels in prepara- also be used for planners more or and (c) making up certain solu- card catalogue of in tion for their long and adven- poses. While a a nuisance imposing their tions etc. for biological and advantages, it is not ideas, aesthetic, turous voyages around Cape has many utilitarian and chemical work. It may be re- liable to Horn. Later it was a tenement easily handled and is otherwise, upon their unfortun- marked that certain supplies to used by house, but it was not until 1916 become mixed up when ate victims. A postplanned classes are kept permanently person. Conse- that the Laboratory acquired more than one codification of the system pur- outside the Chemical Room and to use a this historic and picturesque quently it was decided sued in the Chemical Room, as are largely under the care of the inter- building. loose leaf catalogue with evolved from past experience, instructors but over these the for inventories in calated .sheets was embodied by the Chemist Chemical Room staff exercises not only of a pampOilet, bearing the names some eight or ten a certain amount of supervi.''>ion. Sunday Singing but of the vears to the the Chemical Room ago, and presented In certain cases also where in- Once it was the custom for in which various biuldings Director. The IDirector glanced vestigators are reasonably cer- members of the laboratory to might be some of the supplies at the somewhat bulky pamch- tain of returning the next sea- gather every Sunday evening at inventory located at the time the let, his face at first fell and then son and of using the same sup- twilight for informal singing. i's pursuing the policy brightened this taken. By as he said "Well plies, by signing a card provid- At these gatherings "labora- all various sizes of entering the simply embodies what we have ed for that purpose the supplies tory" songs were sung along of articles, whether at that been given doing right along, doesn't remain in their room until next with the old melodies known by time in possession of the Labora- it?" assured that Upon being season or are kept apart in the every one. The revival of this tory or not, and by leaving no preplanned atrocity was Chemical Room until their re- custom beginning next Sunday spaces for intercalation of the about to be inflicted upon the turn the following season. evening will do its part in re- added items in their proper Marine Biological Laboratory storing the "community spirit" places, the catalogue, although public, he promptly approved the (To Be Continued) .

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

Orchestra Dances to Be Apparatus Rooms Laboratory the work does not The official Laboratory physi- provide Held Regularly by Club Entail Much Care generally useful appara- cian this year is Dr. S. D. tus. Blackford, who will hold office Oxygen, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, hours in Dormitory M. B. L. Club's first dance of (Continued from Page 5) Room 103 Carbon Dioxide, etc. The more from 10.30-12..30 A. M. Those the season was held Saturday a device or to the permanent ap- common gases in metal cylin- who wish to consult Dr. Black- so well evening, July 9, and was paratus about the buildings may ders (100 and 200 cu. ft. bot- ford should first procure a slip patronized that plans have been result if care is not exercised. tles) are available through the (the the Maine Office in the Chemical completed for orchestra danc- Keep electrical outfits away Room if application Brick Building) which will be from the water and the concrete is made in advance. Small given on payment of a fee of ing at the Club regularly every floors or walls. Ask for infor- (fractional cubic foot) cylin- one dollar. Saturday evening during the mation in case you are not cer- ders of oxygen and carbon dio- summer months. tain of the outfit you desire to xide are provided with special A double stag party will be use. attachments through the Ap- HUDSON-ESSEX Glass-bloiving Service. paratus Rooms. All reducing given at the next dance in an I For MOTOR CARS small and minor repairs to valves, regulators and fittings effort to let newcomers become glass apparatus individual out- are supplied by the Apparatus We have sevei-al good second better acquainted. Everyone fits, consisting of blast-lamps Rooms. hand cars for sale. wishing to attend the dance on and air bellows or motor blowers Special care is frequently nec- Saturday, July 16, is requested may be loaned for short periods essary in the fitting of the vari- The Crocker Garage ous regulators to come singly. This applies from the Apparatus Rooms. to dilTerent makes More difficult of tanks, preferably at the time Corporation, Inc. particularly to girls. Gentle- work may be ar- ranged through of initial connection for use. men are also requested to be un- a glass-blower, Application to Mr. Larkin for Falmouth Ma accompanied, although this rule available at certain times dur- ing the season. inspection and advice may assist will not necessarily be in effect Arrangements should be in in avoiding unnecessary leaks at the end of the dance. made advance for this service either through the breaks and accidents as well as Visit Cape Cod's Largest Chemical Room or Apparatus protect the Laboratory against Scholarship Fund Rooms. receipt of dangerous tanks or Department Store connections. Excepting certain materials H. Not Yet Boosted Everyone MALCHMAN regularly stocked by the Labora- should avoid hand- ling gauges, tank valves and con- «&BRO. tory, the work is done at cost, nections, with greasy Thos. Malchman, Prop. Mr. Leonard B. Clark has not the glass-blower's time being or oily hands, rags or yet purchased the Ford from the chief item, at $2.50 per hour. tools. With CLOTHIERS, HATTERS oxygen especially keep oil and of the Crocker Incmidescetit lamps. Incan- and FURNISHERS Mr. Cushman grease cnvay. Use descent electric light bulbs with small tools Garage. The latter, with his which are properly standard screw (Edison) base adjusted for Main Street Falmouth the corps of mechanics, has been for nuts and valves, or obtain desk and general laboratory Telephone Connection working almost incessantly — illumination are provided (Continued on Page 8) but still he does not feel pre- through Mr. Bisco, for use in pared to let the car get outside the devices which are supplied to investigators. of the garage under the weight Replacements for special ap- of a six-foot Canadian (we paratus, scientific equipment, that is afraid that the mean he heating units, and the like are car might not remain intact un- supplied by the Apparatus der circumstances such as Rooms office for those devices owned by the these) Laboratory. EXHIBIT Special lamps, bulbs with bay- However, we learn that things onet bases, miniature lights, have been put up in splints and etc. for experimental work may packed and supported to extent be purchased through the Supply almost sufficient to get by. Department, or through the local Scientific Instruments Clark, it is understood, will shops. The Penzance Gar- age near the Laboratory build- have it out on trial this week- ings carries a stock of flashlight end. We are wondering how and automobile bulbs. far he will be able to get and Mechanical work. A machine July 1 9th to 29th just how much of it he will be shop is located in the Brick La- able to take back to Mr. Cush- boratory, equipped for certain man. operations with standard and special tools, and with a ma- Pressure is being brought to chinist, Mr. R. E. Phipps, as- LECTURE bear from every possible source HALL signed to apparatus work. In- and the chance of getting the — vestigators who have need of ten dollars for our cholarship repairs of a technical nature fund or seems to ge a good one. special construction may make It is rumored that Mr. Clark arrangements either through had an engagement to go out the Apparatus Rooms office or for a drive on this coming Sun- by direct application to Mr. Lar- day with a certain young lady. kin or Mr. Phipps. Excepting For some reason, shortly after mJnor repairs a record is made reading the last issue of The of labor involved and stock used, Collecting Net, she told him since in most cases special ap- that it would be quite impossible paratus is constructed of such Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. for her to keep the engagement. a nature as to be used again by We apologize to Mr. Clark for workers coming to the Labora- Executive Offices and Manufactory having upset his plans, but can tory. Special apparatus, or ex- only remind him that it has pensive construction is charged been the long-standing policy of at cost to the individual for ROCHESTER, N. Y. The Collecting Net to report whom the arrangements are the facts as it knows them to be. made, if in the judgment of the — —

PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

Cornell Medical School, in his But then it must be remembered THE CLUB DANCES miles Apparatus Rooms special lecture, told us that we that the Sagitta went two Entail Much Care ourselves are not entirely re- up and down for every one mile learn We are indeed glad to sponsible for our present condi- ahead. (Continued from Page 7) that the M. B. L. Club will hold tion, for there are good and bad Discovered a new species every Satur- and environment is ex- Metridium echinarachniensis. from an orchestra dance eggs, directions and assistance is even day evening. These dances will tremely powerful. It We give all the credit for this the Apparatus Rooms or the possible by nearly freezing the discovery to Dr. Plough of Am- fill a long felt need and will be Machine Shop in case of doubt. unsuspecting eggs to produce herst but it must be rememb- especially appreciated by those This year the Laboratory is wtins. All the young hopeful ered that had it not been for the who like to dance and who do scientists immediately attempt- able assistance of Dr. Rogers of equipped to fill small oxygen not own cars and cannot afford ed twinning but returned with Oberlin this discovery would not also power bottles cylinders and success, for even the em- have possible. to pay the relatively high prices little been of carbon dioxide. Requests bryos have become immune to which are charged at the tea At the end of a four-day mar- for small quantities of gas at Woods rlo!o weath3r. athon between the students and rooms and dance halls in the low and moderately high pres- However, the class has no Coelenterate planulae, the plan- vicinity. sures may be filled upon notice doubt but that environment ulae were declared to be still in Members of the M. B. L. Club a very important part in the lead. left with the Chemical or Ap- plays can now attend an orchestra development — after treatment Neither by natural nor arti- paratus Rooms. dance without involving any ex- with alcohol, did not ears flop ficial means could Gonionemus Photographic ivork. Increas- pense to them. Of course some like eyes?—but of course we be persuaded to lay eggs. Once ing demands on the Laoratory of the larger dance halls offer realize that such subjects are all more this famous Woods Hole and the assignment of most of better music and a better floor, over the heads of the Inverte- citizen reniged. the dark rooms for scientific but we feel that this is counter- brates. To break the monotony of balanced alone by the friendly twins to regular lectures held to the tune work of a physical nature con- While waiting for atmosphere of our own little appear, the atmosphere was of speed baots in the harbor. Dr. siderably limits the available dance. Here one is not tied constantly punctured with cries Hoadley spoke on studies on the space for photography. Port- down to a limited group but can of, "Where's the micropyle?" development of the chick—and are loaned by the able devices dance with his friends, and in But why should this cause so Dr. Richards on the continuity photo- Apparatus Rooms for the course of the evening meet much consternation? The mi- of the germ plasm. micrography, etc. many fellow students and re- cropyle is right in the class! After two lectures by Dr. The photography of appara- search workers, with whom they We even seen an occasional first Rogers on Echinoderms road in progress, tus, experiments might not otherwise have the cleavage. signs appeared on all sides: set-ups, and charts or drawings opportunity of becoming ac- Captain Veeder has good rea- "Please walk gently. for through may be arranged quainted. son to be proud of his good ship Embryos must not be dis- 276, Brick Mr. Duggar, Room We urge those who did not Cayadetta. On the first field turbed." Lantern slides, as Laboratory. attend the last Club dance to be trip of the Em'bryos it cruised On Saturday Dr. Plough will negatives, con- well as process in attendance next Saturday about the fish traps for an hour, give a special lecture. Dr. Just's trast printing, enlarging and re- evening, so that they too, may scanning the horizon, waiting lecture on fertilization comes ducing or retouching may be enjoy the spirit of good fellow- for the noble Sagitta to arrive. some time next week. done at cost. Likewise mechani- ship which prevails. It is hoped cal drawings or arrangements that many will come without B B of tables for copy can be done partners because in this way with special arrangements. A the opportunity of meeting C DAVIS-COMPANY limited amount of panchroma- still W many new people will be tic and isochromatic work can greater. be handled by either dark de- HOME FURNISHERS velopment or desensitization. This fall Dr. Robert T. Hance FALMOUTH MASS Photographic chemicals are =B goes to the University of Pitts- usually available in the Chemical burg as professor and acting Room, omitting special reducing head of the department of zool- agents. Commercial plates and ogy. Dr. Hance has been at the paper, however, are not furnish- Rockefeller Institute for Medi- ed by the Laboratory. cal Research for several years. The Elizabeth Theatre Storage of valuable papers, Dr. Donald B. Young has been apparatits and fine metals. For chosen for the headship of the FALMOUTH, MASS. the convenience of investigators department of zoology of the who plan to continue research at University of Maine. Dr. Young HIGH CLASS PHOTOPLAYS the Laboratory at a later time, has been associate professor of or desire temporary storage dur- zoology at the University of Show Starts at 7.45 — Feature Picture at 8.30 ing absence, a set of vault- Arizona. Short Reels Repeated After the Feature Picture. drawers, vault-cupboards, and A COMPLETE SHOW AFTER 8.30 safe deposit boxes are available. EMBRYOS Arrangement for these may be Saturday Two Shows at 7.00 and 9.00 O'clock made through the Apparatus Matinees Monday, Wednesday and Satiurday at 2.30 Rooms or the Business Office. Fundulus greeted us upon our Statistical calculations, pro- first day at Woods Hole. Before Monday July 18 TWO DAYS gressive analysis, and comptome- we had heard four of Dr. Good- Wednesday Thursday try. Use of calculating ma- rich's lectures on the teleost, EDDIE CANTOR July 20 July 21 "THE YANKEE CLIPPER" chines may be arranged for mili- in we were already adept in realistic drama through the Apparatus Rooms "SPECIAL DELIVERY" A Tremendous tary tactics. There would have of the Sea Office. At different times dur- Fox News Educational Comedy Adults 50c Children 25c been no doubt of this in the mind ing the season it is frequently Matinee 2.30 P. M. on if possible to arrange for exper- of even a uniformed observer Tuesday July 19 Wednesday. ienced assistance with the ma- he had seen normally vertical Friday July 22 a "THE LOVE THRILL" chines which are available for microscopes assume in unison LON CHANEY in "MR. WU" Such elab- with Topics of the Day use, or for instruction in the use horizontal position. neces- LAURA LAPLANTE, Educational Comedy of them for special operations. orate preparations are glance TOM MOORE and Saturday July 23 Ordinarily the mechanical cal- sary for even a fleeting polar BRYANT WASHBURN HARRY LANGDON in culators are in demand and ad- of the elusive Cunner FIRST FLAME" News Comedy "HIS vance notice will be required to bodies. Pathe News Sennett Comedy care for individual requirements- Dr. Charles R. Stockard of — —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

and MAST GIVES REVIEW that the sol is converted small size of the virus agency. Perhaps one of the longest OF WORK ON AMOEBA again into gel at the anterior A variety of experimental re- known virus diseases of plants end. sults seemed to find explanation is "peach yellows". It has been One of his slides representing in a high adsorptive capacity on known at least 135 years and First in Series of Evening Lectures the structure of Amoeba was the part of the virus, so that has been rather intensively made from a figure in his splen- direct determination of this studied for forty years. In spite The lecture of Professor S. 0. did paper on Amoeba which property was made by using of this we do not even know how Mast consisted of a presenta- appeared last winter. This fig- substances of diverse type. it is transmitted from a diseased tion of the more important re- ure, drawn with the aid of his Among the various adsorbing to a healthy plant, let alone sults and conclusions thus far student, the Japanese investiga- surfaces, charcoal and clay, for knowing anything about the obtained and formulated con- tor, Ibara, is destined to appear example, were contrasted with causative agent. We only know cerning structure, locomotion, in many textbooks. such basic materials as precipi- that it is not transmitted by the and stimulation in Amoeba He concluded that there are tated calcium carbonate and ordinary needle or scalpel meth- proteus. three chief factors concerned calcium phosphate. Charcoal od. To find the carrier of peach He faced the old problem of in locomotion : first, a contin- was found to be surprisingly yellows will be a neat scientific either spending most of his uous change from the gel to the adsorptive of the virus, this dis- contribution. Assuming that time on the work of himself and sol state at the posterior end ease agency being rendered in- the carrier is an insect, the dif- his students and of paying and the opposite at the ante- ert in respect to infection when ficulty is evident in contrast to scant attention to the previous rior end ; second, an increase in one gram of juice (diluted) was "aster yellows", when one real- work, a course which is gener- elastic strength in the plasma- treated for a relatively short izes that asters have about a ally adopted, or of discussing at gel from the anterior to the period (12 hours) with one dozen common insect pests and some length the previous work posterior end; and third, adhe- gram of blood charcoal, calcium the symptoms of the disease ap- and devoting less time to his sion to the substratum. The carbonate was less effective pear in the plant two or three work. He chose the latter own third factor seemed to be dem- than charcoal, while calcium weeks after the infected insect alternative. onstrated conclusively by graphs phosphate—^probably soluble on feeds on the plant, while on the The first ten minutes of his showing the rate of locomotion inoculation into the tissues^ peach there are about one hun- lecture were devoted to a dis- cf Amoeba on various sub- was still less effective. By com- dred fifty rather common insect cussion of the views of strata. These indicated that on parison with bacteria and other pests and symptoms of the dis- Schultze. Berthold, Butschli, redistilled paraffin there is no organisms, this capacity of the ease do not show up for more others. In this he stressed and adhesion and consequently no virus to be adsorbed was con- than a year after a diseased bud particularly the two surface locomotion and that on ordinary sidered further to be proof of is grafted into the plant. tension theories, the one formu- glass, quartz, and pyrex glass its ultramicroscopic size. In In closing I might say taht I lated by Berthold and the other the rate is about the same, after fact, the first two lines of study feel the lecturer needed to make Butschli. then demon- by He initial differences, while on stressed were regarded as show- no apology for the speculative by very convincing evi- strated commercial paraffin the rate of ing that particles of minute size portion of his lecture in which dence that a number of impor- locomotion is considerably (colloidal dimensions) are in- he suggested that the causative concerned with tant phenomena higher. volved, and rather extensive agents of virus diseases are a in Amoeba are not locomotion Consequently, he maintained adsorption experiments indicate very simple type of organism in accord with either of these that, if the three factors in- that large organisms are not much simpler than the simplest these he em- theories. Among volved in locomotion are the concerned. forms we have previously the "biting" in two of phasized ones stated above, then stimu- After considering briefly known and studied and are ac- Frontonia by Paramoecium and lation consists in a modification other lines of experimentation customed to think of as the sim- showed figures by Amoeba. He of one or more of them. and some possibilities of the so- plest possible living beings. The Root, Beers, and himself and His conclusion that stimula- called enzyme or toxin nature same is true of his suggestion and Whitlock of Amoe- Kepner tion by light and by electricity of the virus, it was pointed out that even today such extremely on these two organ- ba feeling are fundamentally different was that on the whole this virus simple organisms may be in These figures, in which ims. based on the work of his stu- shows characteristics very sug- process of creation. Being evo- the body of the ciliate is repre- dents, Folger and Luce. He gestive of a low order of life, lutionists we can hardly believe out so sented as being drawn subcellular, only sightly respon- that life started at a simgle small strand as to form a (Co;itinued on Page 10) sive, and perhaps with a very jump with complex things as vacuole in a part of the food inferior degree of organization. the simplest bacteria with their evident fact that the (and the DUGGER SUMMARY This possibility was made the complex protein molecules and of the ciliate not yet in part basis of a purely speculative dis- their highly developed metabol- under the food vacuole was (CanSinuecl from Page 4) cussion of the origin of living ism. Indeed perhaps the earlier changes in pressure, because of organisms. Our ideas of the organisms had much simpler , answer the periments, next discussed, its shape) seem to criteria of life are derived ex- proteins, and much simpler me- been made served this purpose. criticisms that have clusively from observations on tabolism than any known or- against Mast's contention that The virus was subjected to the complex cell. Could such ganism. Perhaps, too, some of mechanical comminuation tests these organisms are actually complexity originate at one these very primitive organisms of by means of comparative stud- "pinched" in two by action jump? In general, this discus- have remained over to prey up- ies upon bacteria and upon dis- the amoebae. They show that sion was a plea for a careful on the higher ones as they devel- eased tobacco juice, the grind- the Paramoecium or Frontonia consideration of the problem of oped. It will be no more strange does not really "pinch" itself in ing substance being diatoma- the origin of life, that it may for us to discover a series of or- two, that it is in two by eeous earth. Grinding was ef- not cut be brought more nearly into line ganisms simpler than the sim- a digestive process, that fected in an agate mortar pro- and with the facts known concern- plest bacteria than it v\'as for vided with a motor-driven ex- this phenomenon can not be due ing the development of other Leeuwenhoek to discover the ccntrically arranged pestle, a to surface tension in accord materials on the earth, and more microscopical "beasties" in his with device frequently employed in the theories mentioned. particularly into line with the day. In the future we may have bacterial He presented with the aid of grinding cultures. Pe- universality of evolution. to follow in the footsteps of free hand sketches and slides riods of grinding ranging from Spallanzani, Pasteur and others his one to six hours were found to conclusion that the body of DUGGER REVIEW in working out the methods of an Amoeba can be divided into be effective in rupturing both (Continuprl from Pag-e 4) reproduction, the cosmic signi- three chief regions, "•egetative cells and spores of an outside these, other than aster yellows, ficance and the nature of the fairly tough bacteria, but no appreciable in- membrane, the reauires a period in the insect metabolism of this very simple plasmalemma, jury was done to the virus an inner region, bodv is not fully determined. order of life. Such scientific the plasmasol. treated in the same way. While and an inter- Whether we can think of the imagination is productive rather mediate region, such results yield no data for a the plasmagel. causative agents of the "aster than dangerous when it is He maintained that the plas- direct determination of size, yellows" type of diseases as fil- backed up by the careful logical magel changes to plasmasol they are regarded as indicating at terable viruses is not known, .sort of experimentation shown the posterior ; that the virus agency cannot end that the ex- because as yet they can not be in the lecture. centrally located ist as a large, flexible, attenuate, plasmasol flows transmitted except by specific forward to stream out at the or semi-liquid body; and again Dr. William Crocker carriers or by budding or graft- Boyee-Thompson anterior end like a fountain: the data suggest an extremely Inst, for Plant ing. Research COLLECTING NET PAGE TEN THE

possible shapes in Conservation Work of Gives Review sume all its The Crocker Garage Co. Mast purest water that can be on Amoeba the Bureau of Fisheries Incorporated of Work produced in a pyrex glass still. ^ Tel 72-2 that Tow Car— Moreover, he demonstrated i (Continued from Page 9) (Continued from Page 1) Falmouth Mass. locomotion in Amoeba occurs General Repair Work the orientations in such water, thus contradict- contended that work of the bu- merely view that locomotion is Although the to these two stimuli are ing the solutions con- has broadened to some ex- outwardly similar; that m the possible only in reau pseudopods are taining certain salts, especially tent since that time, its chief electric current When Looking for Reliable side, ow- calcium, excepting possibly ex- still the same as formed on the cathode activities are Merchandise Try on that side; tremely minute amounts. ing to solation when first established. It is pseudopod for- He also presented evidence while in light, concerned primarily with the inhibited on the illu- showing the relation between ARENOVSKI'S mation is the depletion of owing to gelation the rate of locomotion and tem- discovery of minated side Est. Phone 410 hydrogen ion with causes and 1892 on that side. This recalls his perature and our fisheries, With the aid The Home of view that the process of orien- concentration. with possible remedies. Through in he discussed the rele- Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing tation of Volvox in light and of slides participation in fish cultural ion con- its Hubbard Hats electric current are funda- tion between hydrogen Lamson & the operations, it has actively striv- mentally dissimilar. His dis- centration, sugar concentration, Printzess Suits, Coats and the en to prevent depletion and to cussion of the work of his stu- and urea concentration and Dresses in of Amoeba, as' well build up fisheries which have dent, Folger, was tantalizing total volume Everything in the Way of Sport relation between these sal- its brevity. It appears to show as the been depleted. The great Clothes and the plasmagel-plas- conclusively that the Bunsen factors mon fisheries of Alaska, one of the ratio. Here again one Walk-Over Shoes Roscoe law does not hold for masol the world, hurried the most valuable in reactions to light in Amoeba; was tantalized by his Satisfaction Guaranteed or failure to are under the control of the De- that as the luminous intensity treatment and by his Money Refunded in meas- partment of Commerce and are increases the length of the tell the methods used Falmouth .:- Mass. the rela- of latent period increases rapidly uring the volume and administered by the Bureau of plasmasol and to a maximum and then de- tive amounts Fisheries. mini- plasmagel, in measuring the creases more slowly to a The bureau consists of fonr while the length of the rate of locomotion, in regulating Dr. George H. Greene mum, main divisions: the divisions of stimulation period decreaises and controlling the tempera- DENTIST then ture, and in measuring and scientific inqdiry, fish cnlture, Office, Ncirly Opposite St. B-irnabas rapidly to a minimum and Memtirial Churcli increases slowly; and that in controlling the hydrogen ion fishery indlstries and the Alaska FALMOUTH, MASS.

felt that - 1-4 order to produce a response to concentration. One service. The work of the divi- Hours: 9 A. M. 12 M. ; P. M. Telephone 35 consisting of a this was perhaps the most im- light in Amoeba, sion of inquiry includes practi- cessation of movement, about portant part of the lecture and the cally all of the work for which thirty times as much energy is yet lack of time prevented the bureau was originally estab- Hardw.ire Paints and Varnishes required in very bright light as adequate treatment that the re- CHARLES T. EASTMAN in weaker light. sults deserved. lished and involves the study of is required FALMOITH, MASS. Ros- One came away from the order to According to the Bunsen the various fisheries in Phone Orders Promptly Delivered impressed by the fact coe law equal amounts of ener- lecture determine yhich are showing Tel. 407 be required. that a tremendous amount of Kitchen Furnishings gy would depletion and what methods Glenwood Ranges is work of the utmost importance His contention that there may be applied toward their been done by Professor no specific relation between the had conservation. The division of the sur- Mast. Furthermore, one was chemical content of fish culture is concerned mainly conscious of the fact that an im- Beach Party? rounding medium and the form with the proagation and distri- pressive program of work had assumed by an Amoeba was bution of various food and game FRESH ROLLS showing been outlined. BACON supported by slides fishes and also conducts the res- proteus can as- William L. Dolley, Jr. SAUSAGE that Amoeba cue operations in the waters of STEAKS and the upper Mississippi Valley by CHOPS means of which millions of fish EVERYTHING left stranded in shallow pools by QUICK SERVICE Electric Cookery is More Convenient the receding waters after the LOW PRICES spring floods, are saved from certain death and returned to Morrison's Market Just the Turn of a Switch the river. The division of fish- Woods Hole, Mass. ery industries collects statistics Hotpoint Super- That is all that is needed to start cooking on a which are of fundamental im- •Automatic Range. No hunting for matches or carrying coal and portance in revealing the char- wood. And there is no danger if electricity is turned on acci- acter and extent of depletion, SANSOUCI dentally by the children. and which also serve trade pur- BARBER SHOP poses. It conducts investiba- Bobbing advantages Expert Come in and let U3 tell you about the many other tions of methods of preserving in or- WOODS HOLE, MASS. of the Hotpoint Electric Range. and of Ish merchandisiny der to provide for the hiphest economic use of the harvests HOTPOINT Super-Automatic Electric Ranges taken. The Alaska service ad- ministers the laws yoverning THE LEATHER SHOP the filsheries of Alaska, which Falmouth, Mass. include the salmon, herring, halibut, cod, and clam fisheries, ARTHUR C. EASTMAN and a number of others of lesser importance. It also handles the Cape and Vineyard Electric Company important fur-seal industry, centered in the Pribilof Islands Follow the Crowd to' closely related Offices at —an industry so DANIELS' to the fisheries that its care has for Home-made Ice Cream, been placed in the hands of the Falmouth Hyannis Oak Bluffs Chatham Delicious Sandwiches, Bureau of Fisheries. Coffee riCMC I-rXCHES A SpeciiUty (To Be Continued) ;

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN

'THE CHEMICAL ROOM" that Institution and are not, of about 26 X 23 ft. This and the rangement not only can the course, included in the above ex- adjoining part lying in the new- drawers be spaced either close (Continued from Page 2) penditures. est part of the Laboratory is together or any distance apart Two of the earliest pieces of occupied more especially by the according to their contents, but items are lumped it is rather complicated physical apparatus, equipment required for the they can be taken out entirely difficult to tell what portion of precursors of the avalanche to chemical activities of the staff. and the compartment converted these figures belong to tho come, were an Ostwald ther- There is also at the other end a into a closet or movable shelves Chemical Room proper. The mostat purchased in 1908 and small adjoining room about 8 x can be inserted in the grooves items are quoted as given. 1888, an Einthoven string galvano- 6ft. used as an office for the instead of the drawers The para- chemicals, $180.50; scientific meter (Edelmann make) pur- clerical work, storage of cata- ffining is also a very important apparatus, inside and outside chased about the same time at 1 o g u e s, correspondence, etc., feature in a damp seaside cli- equipment, 81,741.40. 1889, in- the request of the ever enthusi- pertaining to the Chemical mate like that of Woods Hole. crease of equipment (apparatus, astic Dr. A. P. Mathews. This Room. The furnishing of the Not once in the memory of the etc.,) $866.16. 1890, apparat- latter apparatus was not put Chemical Room consists of a writer has a single drawer in us, chemicals, etc., $391.70; al- into actual use until 1915 when long series of open transverse these cabinets stuck or even cohol S35.50. 1891, chemicals the necessary accessory parts shelf racks, mostly with iron functioned poorly. Each draw- and supplies §377.61; alcohol were purchased. It has since movable shelves; of wall shelf er is provided with a card hold- $110.40. 1892, chemicals $153; then, until 1925, been under racks with movable iron shelves er upon which its contents are alcohol $114; "Supplies" $660. the fostering vigilant care of of cabinets; tables and two indicated and on the outside of 1893, chemicals $393.81; equip- Dr. Walter E. Garrey. hoods. The cabinets, which were the door of each compartment a ment $288.01 ; supplies $730.55. It would be interesting, but devised by Dr. Gilman A. Drew card is thumbtacked upon which 1894, chemicals, glassware and would be too great a task, to when Resident Director of the is indicated the general nature instruments $569.97. 1895, analyze the various items pur- Marine Biological Laboratory, of the contents of the whole (and 1896?) chemicals, glass- chased through the Chemical deserve a special mention. They stack of drawers contained in ware and instruments $1431.62. Room during all these years, consist of a number of compart- that compartment. 1897, chemicals $154.24; instru- but it would be safe to say that ments, the upright partitions A double letter system is ments $6839. 1898, chemicals such an analysis would simply separating them being composed used in designating these vari- 8543.19; instruments $5120. reveal the tendency, well known of grooved paraffined boards ous articles of furniture, the 1899, chemicals $196.93; sup- to everybody, for biological into which corresponding flanges cabinets being all called C and plies S1359.67. 1900, chemistry work to assume more and more of the drawers fit. Each com- each one bv a secondary letter, department, $1888.82 ; instru- a physico-chemical character. partment has a separate door. e. g. CA, CB, CC, CD, etc. The ments S4531. 1901, chemicals, This tendency culminated in the The drawers are also heavily open .shelf racks are designated chemist supplies, etc., S410.43. necessity for better provision to paraffined and their sides are by R each one being designated 1902, chemicals, chemist sup- be made for purchase, housing provided with vertical grooves RA, RB, RC, etc., numbers being plies, etc., $918.20. 1903, chem- and care of the ever increasing on the inside into which dividing reserved for the individual icals, chemist supplies, etc., volume of delicate apparatus partitions can be inserted. It 81213.17. 1904, chemicals, and resulted in what might be is evident that with such an ar- (To Be Continued) chemist supplies, etc., $948.05. termed a partial binary fissioli 1905, chemicals, chemist sup- of the Departinent of Chemical plies, etc., $906.32. 1906, chem- Supplies. The problem appa)-- FIRE ALARM KEY icals, chemist supplies, etc., ently of the "powers that be" SPECIAL SIGNALS $705.22. 1907, chemicals, chem- was to find an individual not 22 Daily Test Signal at 12 o'clock noon and 4.30 P. M. ist supplies, etc., $519.14. 1908, only an expert in some line of 3.3 General Alarm, followed by a box number. chemicals, chemist supplies, etc., biological work, but also an en- 4 Forest Fire. This may be followed by a box number. S752.20. 1909, chemicals, chem-j thusiast in the matter of appar- 12 Chimney or other Small Fire reported over telephone. 21 No School signal at 7.45 A. M. ist supplies, etc., $659.32; in- atus and moreover such a genial 55 Aid requ3sted by "out-of-town" call. struments and laboratory sup- disposition as to withstand all All persons are warned to comply with the new "right of way" law plies, $131.15. the assults his in- upon temper for fire apparatus and not park within 600 feet of any fire, and In 1910 the policy was adopt- volved in such a function. Their also to "pull over" and permit apparatus to pass. ed by the Chemist of keeping immediate and unanimous If you do not know how to operate a fire alarm box, ask any fireman an account of all the bills for choice, as the writer understands and he will be glad to show you. Visitors are welcome at any fire station during- the day. Chemical Room supplies as they it, was Professor S. E. Pond were 0. K.'d and sent in to the who has also been inveigled by Box Location Box Location Business Manager's office. Va- the Editor of The Collecting 14 Phinney's Boat Shop 34 Quissett and Buzzards Bay Aves. rious items such as freight, ex- Net into furnishing an article 141 Oak Crest Hotel 341 Hilton's, Glendon Rd., Woods press charges and sundry doubt- on this subject. 142 Terrace Gables Hole ful items and also the salaries Returning to the Chemica) 143 Vineyard Sound House 342 Nobska Point Section, Woods of the Chemical Room staff are Room proper, a rough survey 144 Amherst and Grand Aves. Hole 145 Turner and Breivogel Garage included in the Reports but not seems to show that the few 343 Fenno's Farm, Quissett 15 Tower House 345 Marshall's, Quissett Ave. in the Chemical account. items mentioned in the Inventory Room 16 Maravista and Grand Aves. 346 Quissett Four Corners Consequently the figures from of 1904 have grown in number 17 Hadley's Cor., Davisville 347 School House, Woods Hole the Reports are larger, but the to about 500, each of such items 212 King St. and Clinton Ave. 348 Carlton Estate, Woods Hole former figures more accurately as beakers, bottles, filter paper, 213 Power Station 349 Gansett Section 214 Queen St. and Nye Rd. 35 West and Milfield Sts., Woods represent the actual expendi- rubber .stoppers, rubber tubing, 215 Almshouse Hole tures of Chemical supplie.^ etc.. with their great variety of Room 216 Teaticket Post Office 36 U. S. Buoy Yard, Woods Hole and owing to doubtful items will material, quality, size and num- 217 Trotting Park Rd. 37 Steamboat Wharf, Woods be quoted simply in round num- ber, being considered as one 23 Palmer Ave. and Morse Rd. Hole 231 Sippewissett and State Rds. 38 Prospect St. and Buzzards bers : item. We also find that the 232 Palmer and.Oakwood Aves. Bay Ave. 1910, 8825; 1911. $300; 1912, chemicals, drugs and dies have 234 G'ifford St. and Morse Rd. 39 Penzance Point Section S730; 1913, 1585; 1914, $1780; increased to about 1,000 or more. 235 Queen's Buyway 41 East Falmouth 1915, $1130; 1916, S1260; 1917, Expanded in 1925 24 Falmouth National Bank 412 Kenyon's Corner SIOOO; 1918, $8.50; 1919, $885; Before describing the system 25 Wood Lumber Co. 413 Fuller's Corner Falmouth Railroad 1920, S1065; 1921, $1385; 1922, upon which the Chemical Room 251 Station 414 Brick Kiln and State Rds. 252 Elm Rd. (The Moors) 415 Brick Kiln and Sandwich Rds. 1923, .82080; 1924, is run it might be well S1710: 1780; to take 253 Surf Drive 42 Menauhant District 1925, 85755; 1926, 83500. a glance at the physical charac- 26 Grammar School (Village) 43 Waquoit District It may be remarked that the teristics of the present quarters 27 Main and Walker Sts. 432 Fresh Pond District famous researches by Dr. of the Chemical Room occupied 28 High School 45 West Falmouth District 32 Hose No. 5 Station, Woods North Falmouth District Jacques Loeb were carried on in since 1925. 46 Hole 47 Megansett District a separate laboratory built by These quarters consist of a 324 Gunning Point District 48 Silver Beach District the Rockefeller Institute and long room about 155 ft. long by 325 Sippewissett Hotel 49 Hatchville District various chemicals used by him about 20 ft. wide. From one end 326 Quissett Harbor House 492 Ashumet District were principally paid for by there projects an L extension !

PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET

Apparatus Accumulates Horseshoes in Full Swing pitching. Yes, nearly all of 0UV ^uti)oritie6 last season's headliners are with at Barely Burning Blaze Among Old Hands us once more and may be seen limbering up daily in prepara- is pro- Dr. Edwin G. Conklin The newcomer at Woods tion for the annual ladder tour- fessor of biology at Princeton in this nament which wiill soon be in History was made Hole is not infrequently heard a member of full swing. Dr. J. A. Dawson, University, and humble little town on the after- to inquire whether the Labora- last year's winner, is on hand the National Academy of Sc'- noon of Friday, July 8. No in- boasts a blacskmith shop tory to defend his crown, and his been ences. auguration could have in addition to its other adjuncts. runner-up and time-honored although most Dr. Oliver S. Strong is pro- more impressive, This query seems sometimes to rival. Dr. O. L. Inman, is once sleepy fessor of neurology and neuro- of the inhabitants of the be prompted by the discovery more out to make a serious bid of for the championship. Each is histology at the College of Phy- village were hardly aware of a collection of horseshoes said to be playing a strong game the significant event occurring neatly parked on the rear wall sicians and Surgeons, Columbia and the battle should be a keen within their midst. University. of the Old Main Building but is one. In addition to these. At 5.48 the unceasing calm of doubtless more often occasioned Lancefield, Swett, Sturtevant Dr. Samuel E. Bond is as- scientific community hung by the fact that at almost any Wilson, and a host of others, physiology a sistant professor of any of prove the over Woods Hole. Hardly a hour of the day from dawn till whom may at the University of Pennsyl- dusk a curious clinking sound, "Dark Horse of 1927", may be starfish crawled in the labora- \ vania. He is in charge of the as of hammer on anvil, may be observed so frequently in action apparatus department of the tory, hardly an eel wiggled in heard by anyone wandering that one is led to predict a year Laboratory. the pond. At 5.49 the deep- within half a mile of the Labo- of activity totally without paral- throated voice of an alarm lel in the annals of M. B. L. Dr. W. L. Dolley, Jr , is pro- ratory. horseshoes. Victoribus sunt fessor of biology at the Univer- threatened the peace and quies- To the initiated, however, praemia sity of Buffalo. ence of the locality with the this sound conveys merely the dread menace of fire. The sig- knowledge that the "old-timers" Dr. Alexander Forbes is as- the schoolhouse dis- are at it again in the horseshoe sociate professor of physiology nal tokened which lies in the remote pits. It means in all probabil- at the Harvard University Med- trict K. and G. of the town, and there- ity, especially if it be heard at ical School. suburbs fore, few from the Laboratory the noon hour, that "Art" Daw- BAKERY and LUNCH Dr. B. M. Dugger is profes- felt able to follow the fire de- son is tossing double-ringers or Breakfast 45c Supper 45-60c sor of physiological botany and partment as it thundered forth, that "Sturt", with pipe firmly economics at the University of but curiously scanned the sky clutched between teeth, is ex- Dinner 60-75c Wisconsin. across the Eel Pond. Disap- hibiting that Hermes-like pose Special Rates by the Week pointed not to see the sky alight that characterizes his follow- Dr. William Crocker is di- from the glow of the flames they through. Or perhaps it is to Laboratory Workers rector of the Boyce-Thompson returned to the dead monotone "Mart", that splendid exponent Institute for Plant Research. of research, while at the scene of scientifically cautious pro- Mrs. Grace Grant, Prop. of disaster history was written cedure in the realm of horseshoe ROBINSON'S for Woode Hole. PHARMACY The Collecting Net corre- spondent is able to report au- B. W. Dris, Prop. thentically, much as it may R. W. Nickerson, Reg. Phar. startle the readers of this P. BLAKISTON'S SON & CO. Falmoutth's Oldest weekly, that the new Woods Drugstore Hole fire pump was actually put PUBLISHERS. PHILADELPHIA. into operation for the first time. First-class Drugs and Imported to Mr. Ferris, per- Toilet Articles According Exhibiting in the head of Station 5, an A Registered Pharmacist manent authority, the apparatus unden- Always on Duty iably worked, pumping great Vestibule of the streams of water to quell the blaze which lurked in the depths Main Building of the Stevenson House cellar. THE SEA ROBIN Outlines of the Comparative Anat- Meredith. Hygiene. As if to make the occasion Directly on the Sound omy of Vertebrates." A Textbook for College more inspiring the Falmouth Stu- By J. S. Kingsley, Emeritus dents With Sections on Anatomy, Club Breakfasts . . 30c up Fire Department lent the glory Professor of Zoology, University Physiology and Pathological Con- Also Dinner, Tea, and of two engines and a hook and of Illinois, Urbana. ditions. 268 Illustrations. Cloth, Supper ladder to augment the sturdy 3d Edition. 535 Illustrations. $3.50. Woods Hole pair, and together Cloth, $4.00. By Florence Lyndon Meredith, MRS. CRITTENDEN with Fire Chief Ray D. Wells' M. D., College Physician and Pro- of Ver- fessor of Hygiene, Smith College. Attractive Weekly Rates private machine made a total "The Nematode Parasites of five pieces of apparatus. tebrates." Tel. 667-3 Gager. General Botany. The traffic tie-up threatened By Warrington Yorke, M. D., 689 Illustrations. to be serious on the Falmouth Professor of Parasitology, Univer- Cloth, $4.00. sity of Liverpool and Liverpool road. Care were blocked in a By C. Stuart Gager, Ph. D., Sc. School of Tropical Medicine, and D., Pd. D., Director, Brooklyn Bo- jam diiRcult to manage because Compliments of P. A. Maplestone, M. D., D". S. O., tanic Garden. of the presence of the entire with Foreword by C. W. Stiles, PENZANCE GARAGE canine and small boy population. Prof, of Zoology, U. S. Public "The Embryology of the Pig." WOODS HOLE, MASS. Health Service. of those fortunate By Bradley M. Platten. Colored Some 307 Illustrations. Cloth, $9.00. Day or Night A. L. A. enough to see one or two billows Frontispiece and 168 Text illustra- Phone 652 Towing correspondent tions. Cloth, $3,r,0. of smoke (the "The Early Embryology of the among them) and noticed fire- Chick." "A Manual of Land and Fresh men pouring chemicals do'wn IDEAL By Bradley M. Patten, Assistant Water Vertebrate Animals of the chimney realized that a Professor of Histology and Em- the United States." RESTAURANT small pile of blazing newspapers bryology, School of Medicine, By Henry Sherring Pratt, Prof, Western Reserve University. BEST FOOD IN TOWN in the cellar had caused the ini- of Biology, Haverford College. tiation of the shiny red and 2d Edition. 62 Illustrations. 184 Illustrations. May, Bibli- Main Street Woods Hole silver pump of which Woods Cloth, $2.25. ography, Glossary. Cloth, $6.00. Hole is rightfully so proud. .

Volume H HOLE, MASS., SATURDAY, JULY 23, 1927. Subscription $1.25 Xiimber S WOODS Single CopieH, luc

THE PERMEABILITY OF THE CAPILLARY WALL CILIA AND CILIA FISH COMMISSION E. M. Landis The Protozoology class as- University of Pennsylvania WAS ONCE HOUSED sembled the twenty-eighth of Mr. Landis delivered a lecture bearing the above title on the evening of June with the serious intention July 15. The author's summary and a review of the paper follow. AT LITTLE HARBOR of pursuing the elusive Proto- zoan. A collecting trip was in- used in the study the The methods of passage of water and augurated immediately after a "Reminiscences of the Fish substances through dissolved the capillary wall have been for lecture by Dr. Woodruff, who Commission" part indirect in character, involved large the most and have gave the class a general idea of Dr. Edwin Linton numbers of capillaries. The interpretation of results obtained in the Protozoan. Lillie's Ditch, Honorary Research Fellow in Zool- is difficult because of this way Dump Pond, School House Pond, ology, Utiiversity of Pennsylvania the continually changing dia- Revievr and various other future bases I. Baird at WootU Hole meter, pressure, and rate of By Dr. A. P. Mathews of supply were visited. The In consenting to write a series flow in the separate vessels Professor of Physiology, University of articles on his early days at the afternoon's work settled down the capillary of Cincinnati Fish Commission, Dr. Linton is which compose to trying to find what the books undertaking a task which will be network. These variables can It is well known that between so accurately describe. appreciated by everyone at the be reduced in number and more the ends of the arterioles and This tale would, from now laboratory. adequately controlled study- veins of there is by the the body on, be mere repetition of lecture ing single vessels, which limits to be found a network of very and laboratory, were it not for I have been asked by the obsei-vation to what is in fact fine blood vessels of which the the variety in lectures and the Editor of The Collecting Net to the unit of fluid interchange. cell in thick- walls are a single learning curve in the laboratory write out some of my recollec- A micro-injection technique ness. These vessels are the work. tions of events connected with was used for the measurement capillaries. It is through the The lectures describe the bio- the United States Fish Commis- of systolic, diastolic, all and mean walls of these vessels that logical background beginning sion Laboratory at Woods Hole. blood pressure in single capil- the the food matters brought by first Avith the origin of the mi- In complying with this request laries. The results indicated blood the tissues; must pass to croscope, from simple lenses to I shall make, for my first con- the existence of balance waste other prod- a be- and the and those that finally led to the tribution, an unpublished ad- tween capillary blood pressure ucts of the chemical activity of m'anufacture of the present day dress which was delivered at the. and the osmotic pressure of the the tissues pass back to the masterpiece. Indeed as the au- Baird Centennaiy Celebration plasma proteins. The level at blood. The question of the na- tomobile was popularized by in the auditorium of the Unitec which this balance occurred was ture of the processes involved Henry Ford so was the micro- States National Museum ai higher in the rat, a mammal, in this passage outward and in- scope popularized by Robert Washington, D. C, on Februar; ward in the tissues has been in- Hooke's "Micrographia," Henry 3, 1923. vestigated for (Continued on Page 5) many years, and Baker's works, as well as those Seven years ago, lacking bu'; opinions have been divided _ of the two Adams, father and six days, it was my honor tc whether it is wholly a physical son. have a place on the program o;' m. W. iC. Caknbar process of osmosis, the capillary Microscopes are of little sig- exercises attending the unveil- wall playing a wholly passive nificance unless the men who ing of a memorial tablet to Saturday, part, or whether it is July 23 in reality use them correlate the results Spencer Fullerton Baird, on the 9:00-12:00 P. M. a vital process, the physical play of keen observation. Leeuwen- fortj'-fifth anniversary of the Club Dance. Orchestra. M. B. L. of osmotic forces being con- hoek, a man of no establishment of the Club. Admission formal edu- United free to mem- trolled and regulated by the vi- bers; 75c for hon-niembers. cation, observed the organisms States Bureau of Fisheries. tal activity of the living cells which we today recognize as My contribution on that occa- Sunday, July 24 of the capillary wall. The ana- _ 9:00 P. M. sion was an appreciation of logous problem in the lungs, of Informal Singing. Roof of Brick (Continued on Page 4) Professor Baird (Science, N. S., the passage of the oxygen into Building if is the weather good. vol. 48, pp. 25-34) , in which ap- Otherwise the group will gather (Continued on Page preciation stress was laid on his upstairs on the M. B. L. Club 5) Currents in the Hole power, through simple, porch. a per- suasive eloquence, which was Tuesday, July 26 RESEARCH IN COLLEGES At following hours the current peculiarly his, to convince those 8:00 P. M. in the hole turns to run from Buz- who were then in charge of pub- Evening Lecture. Dr. Robert M. zards Bay to Vineyard Sound: An informal conference in lic affairs, Yerkes, Professor of Psychol- of the vital impor- to research A.M. ogy, Yale University. Subject: regard in colleges P.M. tance to the nation of scientific July 23 11.45 "The Psycho-biology of the will be held in Room 130, Brick 12.00 m. inquiry. July 24 12.40 10.04 Gorilla". Building, at 8.00 P. M., Thurs- a.m. July 25 1.40 2.00 The creation of such an or- Friday, July 29 day, July 28. Brief accounts July 26 2.40 2.50 ganization as the National Re- 4:00-6:00 P. M. of conditions in a few institu- July 27 3.40 3.40 search Council, in the early Physiology Tea. M. B. L. Club. tions will be given, accompanied July 28 4.20 4.40 decades of this century, may be July 29 5.15 5.15 Friday, by a general discussion. This looked upon as a natural July 29 July 30 6.00 6.10 devel- 8:00 P. M. meeting is called in accordance opment of ideas concerning the Evenincr Lecture. Dr. Henry with the vote passed at the simi- In each case the current public welfare which dorvnated Bigelow. Subject: be an- changes six hours later and runs To lar conference held last sum- the mind of Professor B-^'"''' in from the Sound to the Bay. nounced later. mer. All interested are invited to attend. (Continued on Page 4^ —

PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET "The Chemical Rooin" PRINCIPLE IN hour of services "The Chemical Room" "iMPLICATiONS OF THE ALL OR NONE payment per CHEMICAL is not increased. Chemical Room Its Past and Precent THE PHYSIOLOGY OF THE positions have always been pop- l)r. Ollvir S. SiruiiB NERVOUS SYSTEM" Trofi'ssor of Ncurolojcy aiul Xeuro- ular in the past and the necessi- HistolOK.v, Colk'j,'!' of rll.\sici:nis ^:lul Dr. Alexander Forbes applicants in Sursvoiis, C'liluiubia Uiilvtrsity. ty of keeping new Installmcut ol University Medical School This is tlK- t!i;v

(Continued on Column 4) (Continued on Page 3) (Continued on Page 3) (Continued on Page 11) THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

suppose that that Dr. Forbes did not draw Choral Club Organized; ascribing the properties of the unreasonable to reflexes to the synapse. The ex- reflexes may be modified in upon his own wealth of material to Give Concert investigations Plan tensive branching and redistri- some degree by changes in the and describe now It be remem- bution of impulses in the gray rhythm of central discharge, in progress. must a group of Lab- in no way bered, however, that the physi- Last August matter is also an important fea- and such a conclusion interested m invalidiates the all-or-none ologists form but a small min- oratory people ture in the reflex. the possi- of the Woods Hole group music met to discuss Lucas raised the question principle. ority a step beyond for the of biologists, and it may be that bilities of singing whether reflex function might It has been customary and "Abdul-a- speakers in the evening lecture a better purpose was served in "Sweet Marie" bp built up of responses funda- Their noble series to give some of their own giving a less technical talk bul-bul Amir". mentally like that of the nerve realized in the investigations, and it was a dis- which was of general interest purpose has been trunk, and whether the postu- Choral Club, an or- appointment to the reviewer to all members of the labora- Woods Hole late of a special type of function of forty members super- ganization in the synapse might be on Tuesday and cer- which meets fluous. He showed how a at nine o'clock to the Friday nights tain type of summation in lectures. recuperate from the nerve-muscle preparation and organization is unusually pro- The the Wedensky effect might having for its lead- re- fortunate in vide a basis for explaining director er Mr. Ivan Gorokoff, summation and reflex inhi- Choirs, flex of the Smith College bition—two of the most distinc- EXHIBIT at the and late choirm^aster functions of the reflex arc. New York. tive Russian Cathedral at Sherrington has suggested that concert is contem- the A public the synapse may differ from middle of August, to- plated for the axon in having a capacity has not yet but the exact date graded and cumulative activity. At this time Scientific Instruments been arranged. This view facilitates the inter- have an op- Woods Holers will pretation of reflex behavior, welcoming and en- portunity of and both the "local excitatory this new organiza- sum- couraging process" and mechanical July 1 9th to 29th tion. mation in mhsrle provide coun- terparts in peripheral tisshes ot Forbes' Summary for these asshmed properties the center. (Continued from Page 2) In any case the all-or-none above proper- larity in all the principle leads to important LECTURE HALL response is ties shows that the generalizations. If it is mti- nature of essentially the same mately shown that all the ac- It is probably in both tissues. tivity' of the nervous system, something in- a development of not only in the axons but also primitive cells. of herent in in the synapses, is made up also helps to Lucas' work a single type of disturbance, it pictures of the form clearer will be a "generalization as im- system workings of the nervous portant to neurology as that literature as a whole. The older which explains all atomic masses as if treats "excitation" loosely on the combinations of protons continuous stream dis- it were a is to physics. Even if a a nerve as Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. poured through tinct type of function must be in- through a pipe, graded m postulated for the synapse, the stim- tensity by the strength of recognition of unit impulses in Executive Offices and Manufactory or throttle. ulus as by a faucet the axon is almost as clarifying at least, The fact that in axons, a generalization. of in- ROCHESTER, N. Y. the stream is. made up dividual response whose size de- Cattell's Summary pends not on the stimulus but on the degree of recovery from (Continued from Page 2) a previous response calls for an servedly so in its present form, important revision of the older nevertheless, the reviewer feels pictures of reflex activity. The that the question of the effect synaptic resist- sensation and mo- TIME idea of graded of rhythm on is the iinportajit factor in all activities ance must be modified, and the tor function warrants further selective eifects ascribed to tem- investigation. We have evi- SAVE IT in- condi- poral sequence of impulses dence that, under certain by using- graded intensity frequency of the im- stead of to tions, the The Wistar Institute Bibliographic Service without reference to sequence. pulse bears an important re- which brings to your table authors' abstracts of all papers about Sherrington's earlier work lation to the effects pro- to appear in the: emphasized the purposive and duced, for example in conditions Journjii of Mori»Iiol«Ky and riiysiology of spinal inhibition, coordinating nature giving Wedensky The Journal of Comparative Neurology reflexes. More recently, since and when one impulse travels in The American Journal of Anatomy the newer conception of the the subnormal phase of the pre- The Anatomical Record The Journal nature of nerve response has ceding one. Recent work from of Experimental Zoology American Anatomical Memoris has dealt demon- been available, he Adrian's laboratory has American Journal of Physical Anthropology more with the analysis of re- strated that the rhythm of indi- Folia Anatomica Japonica (Tokyo, Japan) flexes. With the aid of isomet- vidual nerve fibers varies with Biological Bulletin The Journal of ric recording he has found much the strength and duration of the Parasitology Stain Technology of volleys of it hardly about the sequence stimulus, and can be Australian Joarnal of Experimental Biology individual nerve impulses in- questioned that these changes and Medical Science (Adelaide, South Australia) volved in the limb reflexes. of rhythm are responsible for Advance Abstract Sheets ______$3.00 per year The question of synaptic changes in the sensations. On Bibliographic Service Cards ______$5.00 per year function is unsettled. Sherring- the motor side it can readily be Both appear before the complete articles are published ton enumerated the salient dif- demonstrated that the rate of ferences between conduction in stimulation modifies the degree THE WISTAR INSTITUTE the nerve trunk and in the reflex of summation produced in Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland Avenue I^hiladelphia, Pa* arc, and he gave reasons for muscle. It seems, therefore, not PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

work with a sail Cilia and Cilia Reminiscences of the Fish they did their boat and a worn out steam from Page 1) Commission launch. However meagre the (Continued BIOLOGICAL equipment may seem, when it is Protozoa and Bacteria. Ehren- (Continued from Page 1) nineteenth compared with what it was ten berg in the early LABORATORY years later, there can be no century saw everything that the middle decades of the past other than commend- we see" today. However he mis- century. "criticism, APPARATUS atory, of a scientific staff with interpreted the thesis forms If the same wisdom and suc- Professor Verrill in charge. in terms of Metazoan morphol- cess, which characterized Pro- Microscopes and RSicroscope ogy, even in terms of bewhis- Baird, in initiating, and In subsequent years head- Accessories—Including Bausch fessor kered physiogomy. He did, through projects for quarters were established at va- & Lomb, Leitz, Spencer and carrying however, add a certain degree the nation's welfare, attend the rious points on the coast, from Zeiss makes. of dignity to the embryonic activities of the Council, those Naank, Connecticut, to East- science of Protozoology. Du- look for an honorable and port, Maine, and, for a part of _ Microtomes—Including Bausch who jardin originated ideas diame- prosperous future for our coun- the summer of 1877, to Halifax, & Lomb, International, Jung trically opposite to Ehrenberg in a fair way of seeing Nova Scotia. In 1875 Woods and Spencer forms. try are and gradually supplemented the expectations realized. Hole was again the headquar- their Metazoan interpretation. The topic which has been as- ters. After that season it was Incubators Including C.S.&E., To leave out Schleiden and — to me in these centen- not until 1881 that return was Freas and Thelco types. signed Schwann, whom the "prep" nary exercises is "Baird at made to Woods Hole, which student knows in connection Woods Hole." thenceforth became the center Also Water Baths, Sterilizers with the cell theory, would I have already put on record of activity for such scientific in- and General Laboratory Appar- slight the ever increasing his- some of my recollections of vestigation as was carried on atus. tory of Biology. We shall take those days (Science, N. S., vol. 'by the Fish Commission in the the leap of a span of years to 41, pp. 737-753), and am natu- summer time on the New Eng- Write for further details and Butschli, who is considered the tempted to draw upon land coast. visit our ShoviTOoms at 18th rally greatest student of the Protozoa on this occasion. I shall The reasons which Professor St. and 3rd Ave. them because of his application of endeavor however, in trying to Baird gave for his choice of a Protozoology to the clearing up interpret my impressions of site for a permanent laboratory of other problems. His sum- those cross-sections of time in have often been quoted, but are EIMER & AMEND maries are considered excellent. which I had the rare privilege of entitled to a place here: Est. 1851 Inc. 1897 In the latter part of the nine- associating with the man whose A totaUy different condiition teenth century Kent did very HEADQUARTERS FOR LAB- we are now met to cele- of thing's was found at Woods memory good work on the Protozoa, but ORATORY APPARATUS AND brate, to make but little direct Hole where the water is excep- tionally pure and free from it did not come up to that of CHEMICAL REAGENTS use of those reminiscences. ffdiment. end where a stron? Butschli. Professor Baird's acquain- NEW YORK, N. Y. tide rushing; through the Woods We must not leave out Stein tance with Woods Hole began as Hole passage keeps the water of the late seventies of the nine- Third Ave., 18th to 19th St. early as 1863. In 1870 he made in a state of healthv oxygena- favorable for bio- teenth century, who is noted in a systematic beginning in the tion specially logical research of every kind our laboratory for his three study of Vineyard Sound and and desci-iption. The entire ab- volumes. An initiated hearer adjacent waters, with the object sence of sewage owing to the re- might suspect our group of pre- When Looking for Reliable of ascertaining the facts re- moteness of large towns, as well Volstead tendencies to hear the Merchandise Try specting the reported diminution as the absence of large rivers tending to reduce the salinity of frequent demand for "Stein's". in the supply of food fishes. the water, constituted a strong July 14, 1927 Dr. Wenrich In this preliminary work he argument in its favor, and this of the University of Pennsyl- ARENOVSKl'S made much use of the local finally fixed upon for station was vania delivered a talk about the Est: 1892 Phone 410 knowledge, and untiring co-op- the pm-pose in question. interesting vicissitudes of the erative labors of Vinal N. Ed- The Home of It is worthy of note that this parasitic amebae. Modestly wards. Vinal lived to take part Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing choice of a location for a biolog- disclaiming any authoritative in the ceremonial of the unveil- Lamson & Hubbard Hats ical laboratory was approved by knowledge he proceeded to give ing of the tablet to the memory Printzess Suits, Coats and the founders of the Marine Bio- us a thorough talk including six of Professor Baird, and for a Dresses logical Laboratory, which began "good" species. A seventh few years after. Among the a work in 1888 that has made species was mentioned 'and logi- Everything in the Way of Sport of the early days of the relics Woods Hole familiar to biolo- cally eliminated. Clothes Fish Commission which he kept gists the world over. The leatning curve is reptile Walk-Over Shoes in his room in the laboratory of Great power was given to the with "despond" plateaus. The the Bureau of Fisheries, was a Guaranteed or Commissioner of Fish and Fish- first two as three days show no Satisfaction pair of shoes which Professor Refunded eries at first, since the heads of rise in altitude. Cries of Money Baird had worn when he and the various executive depart- "Hurry up, lend me your ocular Falmouth -:- -> Mass. were making collections. Vinal ments of the government Avere micrometer," are interspersed I knew Vinal, his mind, As required to furnish to the Com- with sighs of disappointment as it seemed to me, mirrored with missioner any assistance that it the Metabolic Protozoa depart. sui'prising accuracy, and in de- Boston was in their power to render. "Diagnostic features" is our 24-hour tail, the moving panorama of Daily We, therefore, saw something of motto until at night in our Service on nature, the changing tides, the Papers the machinery of the Federal dreams we see nothing but Films shifting winds, the flight of Government at Woods Hole. cirri and membranelles. We birds, the migration of fishes, For example, until July, 1885, become cilia and cilia, wishing Narragansett Bay to Mon- JAMES'S SPA from the laboratory was in a building that Euplotes Charou would Professor Baird had omoy. on the wharf in Little Harbor carry us across the River Styx Down by the Depot confidence in the accuracy great belonging to the Light House to the land where everyone has of Vinal's knowledge, and I am Service. Moreover, the officers identified one hundred species, Durand's Chocolates Meals at inclined to attribute much of his and crews of all the steam past Cerebrus's watchful eyes, Cynthia Sweets all hours the education acquired worth to vessels of the Commission were who hands us back our "mas- received through his which he on the pay-roll of the Navy. The terpieces" as "not diagnostic." Home-cooked Food the Professor. association with •power that was thus placed in In the early days of scientific .the hands of the Commissioner Follow the Croivd to inquiry into problems relating was sufficient to have turned PARK TAILORING SHOP to the fisheries which it was DANIELS' the heads of some men, but, so Men's and Women's Fine Tailoring desired to solve. Hole for Home-made Ice Cream, Woods far as my observation extends, M'ii.i.ia:m s€hi,kpahk. iti>ii. was chosen as the place to be- Delicious Sandwiches, Work Called For and Delivered I can testify that Professor Coffee gin. That was in 1871. Pro- tpI. i;;w-4 PICNIC I.VNCHES A Sperinlty Weeks BUlj?., l^aimouth, Mass. fessor Verrill writes me that (Continued on Page 10) THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

EMBRYOS cating absorption ; and in others absorption, or neither according of the frog and rat, the forma- the corpuscles remained in their to the relation of capillary pres- tion of lymph, that is the pass- One half the course is over original positions. This move- sure to the colloid osmotic age outward of fluid from the and we are still going in circles. ment of the cells at the open end pressure. In addition at any blood to the tissues carrying An order has gone to New Bed- of the occluded vessel was used one capillary pressure the rate with it substances in solution, ford for thirty compasses—Why as a measure of the direction of filtration remained constant is a purely physical process; as But still and the rate at which fluid was irrespective of capillary diam- is also the absorption of fluid can t eggs be square? that pies passing through the capillary eter. It seems therefore that from the tissues. The capillary it must be remembered wall. the increase come in circles as well as eggs The filtering area could in filtration which wall plays no active part in the —also blueberries. Between Dr. be computed from the length accompanies dilatation of the process, although if injured its Goodrich and Dr. Rogers the pie and diameter of the capillary. normal capillary is due not to permeability increases and it a change in lets more fluid soon disappeared as the lab floor A micro-pipette introduced into the permeability of through and also of paint. the vessel determined the capil- the capillary wall, but to a rise permits the passage of colloids, took on a new coat _ With the beginning of experi- lary pressure. in capillary pressure. such as the blood proteins, mental work on Echinoderms At pressures above 14.5 cm, A study of injured capillaries through the wall. of water filtration indicated a The lecturer gave there came a general exodus of was always marked increase in almost en- glassware from the cupboard observed; while below 10 cm. their permeability. Micro-in- tirely the results of his own in- absorption jection showed vestigations. These and a corresponding lack of occurred in almost that the dam- were car- every aged endothelium ried out with great room for further activity. But case. Between 10 and 13 was quite ingenuity just cm. there was little or no move- permeable to highly colloidal and led to the direct determin- it's worth it if we can ment in direction. dyes and to the plasma ation of the pressure in shake apart a few Starfish blas- either As proteins. individ- By direct ual capillaries of tomeres. We've taken to the would be expected from Poise- measurement it was the mesentery. uille's law, found that fluid filtered He was thus able to show centrifuge like children to a when the rates of through direct- fluid movement, measured in the injured wall from six to ly the diminution in the pres- new toy. We know just how to cubic micra per square eight times as rapidly as through sure in the arterioles and in the diagnose its wild groans. micron of capillary wall second, normal endothelium. Due to capillary network and in the If anyone needs ribbons per were plotted against this increased permeability the small veins. Many other at- matched to dresses she is urged capillary pressure, they were distributed effective osmotic pressure of the temps have been made, with to apply at the Embryology lab. about a straight plasma proteins was reduced to some success, to measure the Experts in matching colors are line. This in- tersected less than half the normal capillary pressure, and the re- being ground out there every the line of zero filtra- value. tion at a pressure In measuring capillary per- sults obtained by the author hour. Before long we'll be find- of 11.5 cm. which represented the meability under the conditions confirm in general the results ing the pH of that glorious osmotic pressure of the plasma proteins which are likely to accompany obtained by these other methods henna in Arbacia eggs. measui-ed active tissue function it but have the advantage that Dr. Clarke, "the tadpole's against the capillary ap- wall. Mathematical treatment peared that, within physiological they are direct determinations tailor", gave a fascinating lec- of the data permitted limits, increase of hydrogen ion of .single capillary pressures. ture on the Growth and Expan- the com- putation of a filtration constant. concentration and rise in carbon The pressure sion of Cells in the Tail of the thus found in Good dioxide tension produced Tadpole. Friday Dr. Rogers agreement was observed no the capillaries of the frog me- between the marked change. lack of oxy- sentery entertained us with a lecture on observed rates of A was about 11 or 12 cms. fluid movement and values cal- gen, lasting for three minutes, of water, a figure the development of the star fish in consonance culated on the basis this fil- increased the rate of fluid move- with which he illustrated most elab- of the work of Krogh. In the tration constant. ment, and lowered the effective rat's mesentery it orately with colored clay models. was higher colloid osmotic pressure; both and Saturday, Dr. Plough reviewed Having, thus obtained a quan- of about 25 cms. of water. changes in all probability being It seems remarkable his recent experimental work on titative measure of normal ca- that the due to an increase in the per- pipette thus introduced localization in Echinoderms. pillary permeability it was pos- into the meability of the capillary wall. capillary This week we are studying sible to study the manner in should not have al- Within certain limits this lowed any leakage Molluscs. which this property was modi- about the fied under certain experimental change was reversible. noint of entrance, but apparent- conditions. It had been It appears from these obser- ly no such leakage occurred. If Landis' Summary ob- served repeatedly that active vations that the direct measure- leakage had occurred the results ment of fluid movement may be would have been to some extent from Page 1) hyperemia produced a rapid (Continued of value movement of fluid from the as a means of deter- invalidated. The speaker made mining quantitatively the than in the frog, an amphibian. blood stream into the tissue modi- no direct statement in this re- fications in permeability In both forms the average grad- spaces. This change was usu- pro- gard, but it is to be assumed duced by various experimental that ient of pressure fall along the ally ascribed to the dilatation so obvious a source of error procedures. It seems capillary network was related of the capillary on the assump- also that would have been guarded the importance of local capillary against. to the colloid osmotic pressure tion that the stretched capillary blood pressure, as a factor in By in such a way as to permit fil- wall became more permeable to means of the measure- fluid movement, can hardly tration in the arteriolar portion fluids, and, according to Krogh, be ments thus obtained a formula over-estimated in the quantita- of the capillary, and absorption even to colloids. But by direct was derived which permitted tive study of the physical pro- the calculation in the venous portion, tending nieasurement it was found that of the amount of cesses involved in either normal fluid therefore to maintain a con- in any active hyperemia there passing through a definite or pathological capillary per- area stant blood volume. appeared also a pronounced rise of the capillary wall in a meability. definite This balance between capil- of capillary pressure, which time as a function of the difference lary pressure and the osmotic would tend to produce an in- between the osmotic pressure pressure of the plasma proteins creased rate of filtration. It Mathews' Review of the proteins of the blood and the pressure in strongly suggested, but still did seemed of interest to determine the (Continued from Page 1) capillary. not specifically prove, that this which of these factors was the The amounts calcu- lated in this manner and from, was the true mechanism in- more important. the blood and carbon dioxide observations of the movements volved in fluid movement. It Experiments involving the out of the blood, has, for the of corpuscles agreed as closely was possible, however, to study perfusion of single capillaries moment at least, been settled as as was to be expected. directly the relation between of known diameter, at a known a purely physical matter, the Measurements were also capillary pressure and the pass- pressure, indicated that the rate lung cells not actively interven- made of the state of permeabil- age of fluid through the endo- of passage of certain dye solu- ing in the process. ity of the capillary wall by the thelial wall. When blood flow tions was related not to the de- In the view of Dr. Landis, injection of dyes of various through a single capillary in the gree of dilatation, but depended who at Dr. Jacobs' suggestion kinds and the determination of frog's mesentery was stopped entirely upon the pressure at applied the method of micro- the time required for the dye to the corpuscles at the free ex- which the perfusion was made. injection worked out by Bar- pass outside the capillary when tremity in some instances Moreover, direct measurement bour, Kite and Chambers and different pressures were applied moved toward the closed end, of fluid movement showed that perfected by the latter, to the to it. The results were found indicating filtration; in some in capillaries of the same diam- study of capillary pressures in away from the closed end, indi- eter there might occur filtration, the capillaries of the mesentery (Continued on Page 10) ; ; ; ; :

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SIX SCHOLARSHIP FUND Fate of a Youthful Sponge Net The Sad The Coilecting (Tune: "John Broivn's Body.") GETS TEN DOLLARS A weekly publication devoted to Marine Biologi- a germ, Ralph Cole, owner of the activities of the was a little blastula no bigger than Dr. Woods Hole m There cal Laboratory and of Who performed invagination in his mothers mesoderm, "Cole's" store in Falmouth, has general. to squirm And soon his nascent cilia with joy began made the initial donation to OF ADVISORS BOARD In ecstacy supreme. "The Collecting Net Scholar- Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, Robert ship Fund". On hearing about Cornell University Medical School. the joys of locomotion, : Oh, Chorus and its purpose he im- the depths of Ocean, the Fund Edv.-in J. Conklin, Prof, of Biology, Down within at'tLT out a check University. Kci)i'.lt to feel the great commotion mediately wrote Princeton i-neh vt'l'se. Oh, Within each blastomere. for ten dollars payable to the Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of Zoo- Cole's donation is logy, Yale University. Fund. Dr. No protozoan e'er can guess the pleasure he did feel appreciated by every one at the EDITORIAL STAFF pastrocoel he felt within his ectoderm a growing likewise his Cattell Editor As Laboratory and Ware polar cells began at length to reel With joy and pride his "call again next sum- Dorothy Alexander Asst. Editor request to In foolish self-content. Hugh Montgomery Art Editor mer for another one". Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn. .General News fall. filled "with pride that comes before a General News His gastrocoel was Helen S. Morris exceeding small, And he felt his mother's ectoderm to be DIRECTORY ADDENDA the wall, Contributing Editors So he freed himself from all restraint by rupturing ADDITIONS Jack Fogg Sport News And floated out to sea. Huifes, R., supt., Bureau of Fisheries Ward L Gregg Jelly Fish did soar, Mary Hardesty Embryology But oh, alas for youthful pride, as upward he Cilia his blastopore; T. G. Adams Cilia and He caught the topmost spiculae upon To The Collecting Net Our Bacia get it off, his ectoderm he tore Anonymous And, trying hard to Individually scientists seem A great, big, ugly rent. Business Staff to be more or less indispensible

. Man. Katharine Underv.-ood . . . Bus. mostly more. he cried in grief, "come ciuickly now and to a community— Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. "Oh, Mother dear," Collectively, the reaction seems try . , little ectoderm, or else I'll have to die; to be reversible. At least that (Application for entry as second-class To heal my could only sit and cry matter is pending.) But his mother dear was sessile, and must be the sad conclusion From her excurrent pore. reached by one who, though far Universal Press The from scientific, knows the dif- Bedford Woods Hole night his little ghost within the depths is found, New Now every ference between fresh, sparkling Massachusetts Lamenting to the annelids that burrow in the ground; excuse for water The hydroids wave their tentacles and shudder at the sound H-O and the Woods Of that familiar strain. that is perpetrated at An Apology H. H. Wilder. Hole. Have you had your iron today? Healthy it may be, but We humbly ask the indulgence for flatness, tastelessness and many it is inconceivably of our readers for the Amphioxus color-scheme and varied errors which occur- appalling. {Tune: "Tipperary.") Isn't there some noble, un- red in the last issue of The Col- selfish scientist who can tear lecting Net. They will not oc- annelids one day; A fish-like thing appeared among the himself away from seardh and en masse again. Rather display; cur It hadn't any parapods or setae to re-searching long enough to to creep ventral nervous cord. than permit mistakes It hadn't anv eyes or jaws or bring Woods Hole water back to it had a notochord. in with such frequency we will But it had a lot of gill-slits, and a state of normalcy? Let him prove that scientists en masse let the number come out on long way from Amphioxus, are not quite as legarthic and Monday instead of Saturday. Chorus ; It's a It's a long way to us; hopeless as they now seem to this must not happen, and But Repeat after from Amphioxus be, and gain the fervent thanks each verse. It's a long way if we send our can be avoided To the meanest human cuss; of one in suffi- copy to the printers It's good-by, fins and gill-slits, Unscientific Sufferer. cient time. The bulk of the Welcome, skin and hair; way from Amphioxus, material must be in our hands It's a long, long A MYSTERIOUS But we came from there. before noon on Sunday so that SILENCE REIGNS put it on the boat leav- we can to swim. It wasn't much to look at, and it scarce knew how ing for New Bedford on Mon- And Nereis was very sure it hadn't come from him; We have heard absolutely morning. The remainder sore. day The molluscs wouldn't own it, and the arthropods got nothing about Mr. Clark and must follow on the burrow in the sand along the shore. of the copy So the poor thing had to Mr. Cushman and the object of early boat Tuesday morning. their get-together. The condi- items of importance its tail^; Short It wriggled in the sand before a crab could nip taken care of as late avail" tions have been diagnosed as could be And said, "Gill-slits and myotomes are all of no evening, but these hood. "the lull before the storm". as Tuesday I've grown some metapleurial folds, and sport an oral always be limited. any good." must But all these fine new characters don't do me We view with chagrin the Net Sentimental Salt condition of The Collectinq a bit of pep. It sulked awhile down in the sand without for July 16. But we can al- yet; stiffened up its notochord and said, "I'll beat em the Then affinity," ways see a bright side to slender frame ''Wed me, my I've got more possibilities within my cried. worst situation. What fun it with such Fervent Fluorine Than all these proud invertebrates that treat me Sweet maid Sodium shyly said, will be to watch ourselves imr shame." "For you I would have dyad." prove, and how much more a perfect number will be appre- Fickle Fluorine falsely .fled shall grow into a chain of vertebrae ciated! A day of sunshine at "My notochord With Silly Kate, who jeers: fins metapleural folds shall agitate the sea "Content yourself with old Chlorine- Tuscon is just another day, but As mv This tiny dorsal nervous tube shall form a mighty brain Shed sodium chloride tears." a day of sunshine at Woods Hal Ide, pH. D. vertebrates shall dominate the animal domain.' Hole is the day! And the :

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

world, having the cooperation of receive the support of the uni- "THE STORY OF WOODS HOLE" the biologists of this country, versities, colleges and schools of Dr. Edwin Grant Conklin and thus forming a national cen- the country." Zoology, Princeton University Professor of ter of research in every depart- There was little in the early II. THE BEGINNING OF BIOLOGY AT WOODS HOLE. ment of biology." Again in his conditions of the laboratory to (Continued) first Annual Report he said: justify such high hopes. It be- "The new Laboratory at Woods gan with no assured coopera- the coast from Eastport, Anniversary Celebrated down Hole is nothing more and I trust tion, no constituency, a bare Me., to Crisfield, Md. A small On August 13, 1923, the Ma- nothing less than a first step building, no library, no private plot of land, 78x120 feet near rine Biological Laboratory cele- toward the establishment of an rooms for investigators, only a the Fisheries Station was the 50th ideal biological station, organ- row boat for collecting and with brated at Woods Hole for about §1300 and a bought ized on a basis broad enough to only two instructors, seven in- anniversary of the founding of two story, frame building 28x63 represent all important features vestigators and eight students. bronze feet erected on it, which the Penikese School. A was of the several types of labora- What it has grown to you can with its water supply cost about tablet commemorative of Louis tories hitherto known in Europe see for yourselves. I think I do In this founding of the Agassiz and the Penikese School S4000. and America. An undertaking not exaggerate when I say that Marine Biological Laboratory was set in a great boulder near of such magnitude cannot be a this Laboratory is probably the Alpheus Hyatt was the leading the highest point on the island matter of local interest merely very best as it is certainly the spirit and for two years he of Penikese and a replica of this and if it be pushed with energy largest marine biological labora- served as President of the Trus- was placed in the entrance hall and wisdom, it cannot fail to tory in the world. tees. Associated with him as of the Crane Building of the M. founders of the Laboratory we B. L. Addresses were made at Compliments of must include three other Peni- THE LEATHER SHOP the semi-centennial celebration PENZANCE GARAGE kesians, C. S. Minot, W. K. by three persons who had been WOODS HOLE, MASS. Falmouth, Mass. Brooks and C. 0. Whitman and teachers or students at Peni- their names, together with that Day or Night A. L. A. kese, namely : Edward S. Morse, ARTHUR C. EASTMAN of Agassiz, are now commem- Phone 652 Towing David Starr Jordan and Cor- orated in the name of the roads nelia Clapp as well as by cer- on the Gansett Property of the tain officers and members of the Laboratory. M. B. L. All the speakers em- Beach Party? K. and G. phasized the new and fruitful 4. Professor Whitman Ac- FRESH ROLLS the study of biology BACON BAKERY and LUNCH methods in cepts Directorship SAUSAGE Avhich were introduced by the The next step was to find a STEAKS and Breakfast 45c Supper 45-60c Penikese School. suitable director. Professor CHOPS Dinner 60-75c 3. The Annisquam Labora- Whitman of Clark University EVERYTHING tory and the Inception of was finally offered the director- QUICK SERVICE Special Rates by the Week B. L. ship and accepted, and it is no LOW PRICES the M. to Laboratory Workers The Marine Biological Lab- disparagement of what others out- have done to say that the char- Morrison's Market oratory is the immediate Mrs. Grace Grant, Prop. growth of a sea-side laboratory acter of this Laboratory is due Woods Hole, Mass. conducted at Annisquam, to Whitman more than to Massachusetts, from 1880 to any other person. Whitman 1886 by the Woman's Educa- was in a peculiar sense a prod- of tion Association of Boston, in uct of Penikese. A graduate cooperation with the Boston So- Bowdoin College and a teacher P. BLAKISTON'S SON & CO. ciety of Natural History. The of Latin in the English High PUBLISHERS : :: PHILADELPHIA Annisquam Laboratory was or- School, Boston, he got his first ganized to serve the same ends inspiration for biological work Yofke and Maplestone -The Nematode Parasites Penikese. In his address at as the Penikese School. Its at of Vertebrates promotor and director was Al- the opening of this Laboratory, Bij Warrington Yorke—Professor of Parasitology, Uni- pheus Hyatt, Curator of the July 17, 1888, he said, "The versity of Liverpool. P. A. Maplestone, M. D., D. S. 0. Boston Society of Natural His- Marine Biological Laboratory Forexvord by C. W. STILES, Professor of Zoology, United student of Agassiz and in- traces its historic roots to Peni- tory, States Public Health Service. heror of the Penikese ideal. At keese. . . .Our minds natur- ally revert to the old Penikese xi + 536 pp. 307 illustrations containing 1002 figures, 8vo. first this laboratory was located often referred to $9.00 in half of his own house and School." He its ideals 'pHIS book has been prepared in an effort to simplify later in an old barn remodeled Penikese, and were -*• the identification of Nematode parasites. The gen- for the purpose. At the end of ever present in his mind and were to a large extent embodied eraa are described and classified. its sixth session letters were Laboratory. par- sent out to persons and institu- in this As our Pratt—Manual of Land and Fresh Water Vertebrate live in us so Penikese lives tions that might be interested, ents Animals of the United States inviting cooperation in estab- in the Marine Biological Lab- By Henry S. Pratt, Professor of Biology, Haverford Col- lishing a larger and more per- oratory. manent laboratory. A prelimi- In his inaugural address at XV + 422 pp. 184 illustrations, 8vo. $6.00 was held at the the opening of this Laboratory nary meeting 'y HIS manual supplies diagnostic descriptions of the Natural His- Professor Whitman clearly in- Boston Society of - land and fresh water vertebrate animals of the 1887, when it dicated what these ideals were. tory in March, United States (exclusive of birds,) together with anal}d;i- decided to raise to "There is great need," he said, was S15,000 cal keys by means of which they can be readily identified found new laboratory. In the "for a laboratory which shall a and their affinities determined. It gives the accepted course of the next year about represent (1) the whole of bi- scientific names of species as well as all the larger groups was raised and on ology, (2) both teaching and re- S10,000 to which they belong, and also reflects the recent ad- 1888 the Marine Bio- search, (3) the widest possible March 20, vances in our knowledge of their systematic and struc- logical Laboratory was incorp- cooperation of Educational and tural relationships, their manner of life, and their geo- First Annual Re- Scientific institutions. Such a orated. The graphical distribution. The region covered by this work port of the Laboratory says that laboratory should not be merely is the whole of the United States between the Canadian opinion as to lo- a collecting station, nor a sum- "differences of and Mexican borders, and the southern portion of Can- cation, policy, etc., were difficult mer school, nor a scientific ada. This book will be found to be of inestimable value to reconcile," but Woods Hole workshop, nor a congress of bi- for reference in all biological libraries and laboratories. was finally chosen because ologists, but all of these; an in- Baird had selected it for the stitution combining in itself the EXHIBITING IN THE VESTIBULE Fish Commission Station after functions and features of the OF THE MAIN BUILDING ten years of experience up and best biological institutes in the ;

PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

LOCALIZATION PHENOMENA IN DEVELOPMENT Edwin G. Conklin SCHOOL AND Professor of Zooloyij, Princeton University SOCIETY Dr. Conklin delivered a lecture bearing the above title on the evening THE C. F. WING CO of July 12. The author's summary and a review of the paiper follow. A weekly journal covering NE\\ BEDFORD. MASS the field of education in rela- Summary Review tion to the problems of Ameri- can democracy. Its objects are Development, which is pro- By Dr. E. E. Just National Research the advancement of education gressive, coordinate differentia- Rosenwald Fellow, <( Council as a science and the adjust- Finger Bowls" tion, is one of the greatest given the evening ment of our lower and higher problems of biology. The In a lecture Dr. E. G. Conklin, schools to the needs of modern We have supplied: mechanism of hereditary trans- of July 12th, Professor of Biology at Prince- life. Eac/i number ordinarily mission, that is chromosomes Biological ton University, reviewed some contains articles and addresses Marine Laboratory, and genes, is largely known. his earlier work on the egg of some length, shorter contri- Woods Hole, But the manner in which such of Cynthia and reported some butions, discussion and corres- hereditary factors influence or of Osborne Zoological Labora- results of a recent study on the pondence, reviews and ab- control development is largely tory, Yale the of Am- stracts, reports and quotations, unknown. To understand any development of egg phioxus. The subject of the lec- proceedings of societies and a mechanism it is necessary to The Universities of Cincin- ture was "Localization Phe- department of educational know what it is as well as how nati, Pittsburg and Johns nomena in Development". As notes and news. it works ; and to understand the Hopkins is the case whenever he lectures, factors of development we Annual Subscription $5.00; whether it is in the evening or single copies 15 cents. We will ship an;^vhere in the must know as fully as possible to the class in embryology. Pro- world. the course of normal develop- fessor Conklin had a large and ment as well as the results of SCIENCE appreciative audience. Indeed, Mail orders filled. experiments. This is my lecturer compares with him A weekly journal, estab- "apologia pro opera mea". no in popularity—a well deserved lished in 1883, devoted to the The facts of differentiation popularity which is the end advancement of the natural and as contrasted with the factors product of substantial contribu- exact sciences, the official or- are, first the appearance of dif- tions to embryologj', noteworthy gan of the American Associa- ferent substances and, second for their painstaking exactness tion for the Advancement of the localization of these sub- and their demon-stration of an Science. For thirty years THE C. F. WING CO. stances in different cells or unusual capacity for making SCIENCE has been conducted parts of cells. The notion that 790 PURCHASE ST. excellent observations. by its present editor, and is a pei'fectly isotropic protoplasm It is not the purpose of this now generally regarded as the undergoes development through New Bedford, Mass. review to furnish the reader professional journal of Ameri- the influence of some entelechy with an abstract of this lecture can men of science. immaterial principle, is on a or such an abstract the reader will parity with Kepler's idea that Annual Subscription $6.00; find elsewhere in this issue. single copies 15 cents. guided in their the planets are Rather, this review aims to supervising angels. New ISu^ courses by present briefly the thesis of the function exists The idea that lecture as the basis for a con- THE AMERICAN structure, and can Photomicrographic apart from cise statement of the problem of improba- NATURALIST cause structure, is as localization. Camera ble as that an immaterial vision bi-monthly journal estab- I. A grad- floats around in space and Visible materials are localized lished in 1867, devoted to the foi'ms itself. ually an eye around in the eggs of Cynthia and of biological sciences, with special is usually a more deli- Function Amphioxus and this localization reference to the factors of cate indicator of differences may be followed during the pro- organic evolution. structure but than is microscopic gressive differentiation that Annual Subscription $5.00; it is logically necessary to as- leads to the formation of the single copies $1.00. sume that for every difference embryo. In the egg of Cynthia in function there exists some some evidence indicates that invisible, AMERICAN MEN difference, even though these visible and variously col- find in structure. Whenever we ored materials take up definite OF SCIENCE of differences in the functions positions in the embryo and A Biographical Directory cells or parts of cells, we may that loss or displacement of safely fourth edition of this book conclude that an "un- these materials leads to defective A limited microscopist" would find embryo formation. In the cass is now in preparation. There differences in structure also. of the egg of Amphioxus, how- are only left about fifty copies is an The polarity or symmetry or ever, evidence for the exact dis- of the third edition which pattern of localization of an egg tribution of localized materials invaluable work of reference cell indicates differences in both as a necessity for perfect devel- for libraries and for all having function differ- and structure in opment is not so clear. Profes- relations with scientific men. ent axes or areas of the cell. sor Conklin was very frank on The first and second editions Differentiation is therefore not this point. His attitude in thus were sold out before a new some immaterial or mystical presenting his data would viti- edition was printed. There are process; but consists in the for- ate adverse criticism by the many who need the third edi- mation of different materials most captious critic. tion and should order it now. and in their localization during II. Price: Ten Dollars, net, the process of development. Students of embryology know postage paid. Some eggs are very favour- Ihat there are numerous eggs able for the study of localiza- that show no visibly localized tion phenomena because they areas. Thus, there are eggs, THE SCIENCE PRESS Made in two sizes. contain certain granules or pig- like that of Arbacia for exam- Fit."! any standard microscope. Grand Central Terminal ments which seiwe as "indica- ple, which though possessing PALO COMPANY tors" of differences in different pigment, oil, and yolk show no New York, N. Y. Apparatus for Iniliislrial iimi I-ab- areas of the (pratnry L"se protoplasm. These differential distribution of these 153 Went SSril St., New YiirU. N. V. (Continued on Page 9) (Continued on Page 9) '

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

BRAND NEW ARRIVAL showing the same localization Just's Review elude that the progressive dif- pattern as that of the ascidians, IN PACKARD FAMILY ferentiation which is develop- IS much more capable of regula- (Contiiiusd fi-om Page ment, is not dependent on visible tion. This may be associated 8) Miss Priscilla Adams Packard stuffs in the eggs whether these with the fact that the proto- be weight seven and one-quarter materials except that the pig- pigmented or not, no matter plasm of the amphioxus egg is pounds, became the daughter of how definite may be their dis- much more fluid than is that of ment granules are at the sur- Dr. and Mrs. Charles Packard tribution to the germ layers the ascidian egg. After the face. There are eggs which on Sunday, July 17, at Stratford, and to the various organs. Pro- four-cell stage, regulation of iso- are, according to descriptions, gressive Conn, the home of Mrs. Pack- differentiation— i. e., lated blastomeres never appears ard's mother. Priscilla and her perfectly transparent. Whether development—is inherent in the in amphioxus and it rarely ap- mother are getting along as pigmented or not, numbers of ground substance or colloidal pears as late as the four-cell substratum well as can be expected. Dr. eggs in which are sus- stage. It occurs much more show no morphological or- Packard returned to Woods pended the granules, spherules, frequently in anterior quarters ganization; and indeed, many Hole on Monday evening, July and the like—of mitochondria, than in posterior ones and in eggs, except during maturation yolk, oil, 19. etc. Even in tho.se this respect it resembles the or through the possession of a cases where the variously col- egg of 'Triton as described by ored funnel (too frequently and er- suspended particles take Conkiin's Suiiimary Spemann. In conclusion,' the up definite loci roneously termed a micropyle) in the developing egg of amphibians, ascidians embryo, we have no good in evi- (Continued from Page S) and amphioxus have the same the jelly hull, give no evidence dence that such location is more of even their pattern of localization. In all inherent polarity. than casual. The ground sub- granules or pigments may be of these there is a crescentic And the polarity of both egg stance is real protoplasm; the merely passive materials that area on the anterior-dorsal side cells and of adult organisms on formed bodies suspended in the take no active part in the pro- of unsegmented egg which goes the basis of physiological stud- ground sub.stance are not proto- cess of differentiation, but "like into the dorsal lip of the blas- ies, especially the work of Child plasm in the fundamental sense: the shells on the beach they in- topore and later gives rise to and his students—the most im- they are but expressions of the dicate where the tides of life the neural plate and notochord. portant modern work in the activity of this practically al- have been." Among such eggs In all of these eggs there is an physiology of development—^we most homogeneous ground sub- that are particularly favourable area around the posterior side cannot dismiss simply by saying stance. This does not mean for the study of localization are of the unsegmented egg which that polarity is a species of that the granules, spherules, those of annelids, gastropods, goes into the ventral and lateral mysticism. etc., whether pigmented or not cephalopods, ascidians, and lips of the blastopore, and are am- which I have studied Professor mere metabolites — they phibians. liv- contains all or all The study of the almost of the Conkiin's work most seriously have, as we know, undoubted ing eggs in all of these groups materials which form the meso- functions. if and have leaned on it most But we are seek- shows that there is a progres- derm. ing the heavily in my own studies. I "cause" of the progres- sive formation of different sub- feel sive differentiation, i. e., of de- By a series of beautiful ex • ! safe in saying, therefore, stances, velopment, and a progressive local- periments Spemann has found that he would agree that since it is a mistake in the ization of these substances. Ex- j face of the mass of that there is localized in the I there are ova that exhibit no evidence on periments on all of these the other side, groups endoderm of the dorsal lip a fac- localized areas, the mere pres to attribute this indicate that the visible granules progressive tor which determines the dif- ence of variously colored ma- differentiation to or visible pigments may be shifted ferentiation of the dorsal organs terials suspended in the cylo- stuffs in the egg, however about without destroying the important they may be in a of the embryo. It is significant I plasm—however definite their localization pattern of the egg. subsidiary way to the main that the notochord comes from ! distribution to systems and to This proves that there is some course of development. cells in this region and I have organs— is not sufficient evi- substance in which this pattern found in ascidians and in am- dence that such materials of It is unfortunate that many inheres and which does not j phioxus that the embryo does themselves are the causa of that workers apparently do not suffi- change its position when the not grow in length nor differ- 1 progressive differentiation ciently appreciate the visible distinc- substances are moved i entiate normally unless a noto- 1 which we term embryology, tion about. In the ascidians alone, between the ground sub- chord is present. Is it | possible jjj of all groups named, I havei stance or colloidal substratum that notochoi-dal ' tissue is Si3e-1 n/r „ f ^r, xv . *^'^ t^at nor- found that the dislocation of mann's "organizer"? Finally ^^"^ °^ PY^ of the cell and the cell body as visible substances does lead to it is generally accepted that al^^ a whole—that is, the ground the dislocation of the developing u^l\rZZl?r'f^^^''''^^'T though the nucleus is the seat ° f^,'^P.^^- substance plus IZo f A f V the various gran- organs, and in this group, as of inheritance materials nuclei. ules, spherules, well as in others ^rZ;.''L ! 7T''.Crepidula^Z^""''^'- etc., suspended with "deter- undergo no differentiation in ' .^"."^ Pr,""^'"?' in it. Thus, Wilson speaks of minate cleavage," isolated blas- the course of development The ! ^'i?,"?, 'HfijS^'"^.>f^°-'^' f^' tomeres give rise only to the stratification: that is, the the alveolar structure of proto- cytoplasm on the other hand is' ^"^i^^ parts of embryos which they suspended plasm, meaning by the alveoli, the seat of new differentiations ! tf^.tf^l J't^' °\ would have produced if P^^ Nicies of the protoplasm be- they had Its polarity, .symmetrv and pat^l I would guess, the yolk spheres. remained in connection with tern ™''>^''^^'^ ^ones according of localization are some-' ^ I -IP There is no good evidence that the other blastomeres. *'' ^^'7 ^"'^ times fixed before fertilization 'f^'' ^'^""'H' the ground Thi.s "mosaic development" ^7'^°^ ^' substance is alveo- and it is therefore necessarv • to tTifugedt^-f "°^f-1 "T"": lar; of ascidians esrgs is very unlike rnr,r-inrio+>,of fv,. „„„„i„„„I„°: ''^^" cggs, as Lillie first or, that it is an emulsion. conclude that the egg alone fixes' 'I'' .u^^"" .^^ '^°^'^' *^"' contradictmg. ^-T the the results which Prof. E. B. the pattern of devflopment and It would be well, therefore, if Wilson earlier work of Morgan on Ar- we keep in obtained with the egg that the egg and sperm are not mind that there is bacia; as Morgan himself of amphioxus 34 years ago. In eaual m developmental later this almost homogeneous and po- showed for the eggs of view of the fact that the normal tencies. Arbacia almost optically empty ground and of Cumingia. development of amphixous fol- Conkiin's substance, which, isolated from lows the same pattern as that of results on the eggs of several the visible stuffs in an egg with gastropods belong the ascidians. I have repeated here also. determinate cleavage, is capable Prof. Wilson's experiments and S'lk Underwear It is noteworthy that all these of the developmental process. ova except th;-' have found, as he did, that iso- ovum of Arbacia The localization phenomena in Silk possess lated blastomeres of the two- Hosiery determinate cleavage. the_ progressive differentiation cell stage give What is more, of centrifuged which is development, is rise to perfect Liners Perfumes a prob- larvae. In a single instance eggs with determinate cleavage lem of the ground substance. Prof. Wilson found that one Dress Materials (e. g., Lillie's work on ChaetoD- terus) the bla.stomere of the four-cell stajre clear portions devoid Dr. George H. Greene gave rise to a nearly complete at of granules are capable of devel- DENTIST larva, opment. and in a, number of in- MRS. WEEKS' SHOPS office, Ne.arly Opposite St. Barnabas stances I have found the same ;\Irinorial Church F.^LMOUTH IV. FALMOUTH. MASS. thing to be true. j Therefore the - !-! On the basis of these consid- Hours: 9 A. M. 12 M. ; P. M. egg of amphioxus although Telephone 3.j erations it is reasonable to con- 1

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE TEN capillary Review by the activity of the gratification, an appropriation Mathews' although the driving Reminiscences of the Fish which cells, was m.ade by Congress forces may be those of osmosis of (Continued from Page 5) Commission allowed for the improvement and capillary blood pressure. a result, this property. As bring his Pa?e 4) when the blood circulation Dr. Landis should (Continued from what in 1882 was a rocky point, that few results into connection with the became the well-appointed had been interrupted for a power with soon work on secretion. It will be Baird exeixis^s o-rounds of the Fish Commis- minutes, the capillaries allowed The othm. recalled that many years ago consummate tact. with sea wall, basin, pool very much more performed their sion, the dye to pass Heidenhain postulated the con- of the Albatross on the water, and lab- duties with and pier and would allow even formation by unusual buildings on rapidly trol of lymph somewhat loi oratory and other promptness. As colloidal dyes to pass. Urethane nerves, and made the assump- cheerful the landward side, much as they whom I saw m action. Injury of tion that the passage was large- Captain Tanner, today. had a similar ot hib are secretion controlled by the vigorous activity increased the ease of ly a all o recalls the long any kind reviewer personality, his suppor Dr. Andrews special nerves. The Suff Professor passage of fluid and colloid Baird was enthusias consultations which discovered many years ago that Professor Profes- capillary walls. whole-hearted. Baird was holding with through the is cut off from the sal- efficient and if blood fie and Smith over blue the capillaries few minutes, Baird was very sors Verrill Simple dilation of ivary glands for a Professor buildings and a is often matter of ap- prints of new not change their permeabil- readmission of the blood sensitive in the work. did sure steamship for deep sea as a followed by the spontaneous and pointments. I am quite as had been suggested so far accomplished ity, from the the name of These were although rapid flow of saliva ?hat any one with 'for possibility by Keogh, little facts by 1882 that_ plans gland. Dr. Landis has shown stood I have the 1 Baird would not much in evidence the increased pressure of deprivation a position on them were that this process of fhance of securing al the capillary produced He even so far as my memory serves, blood in of oxygen leads to the increase the Fish Commission. equipment of the arteriole did the chief though plans for the by dilation of passage of fluid through the expressed regret that passage of bore of the new laboratory were dis- increase the rate of wall. The natural on the Albatross capillary engineer the designs for which fluid outward. this may in- with whose assign- cussed, conclusion is that that name, by Professor Ver- as a whole is very spontaneous of the Nayy, were drawn The work directly cause the ment as an officer his It is rill, and constructed under much to be commended. secretion of saliva observed. not have had anything he could direction. thorough and quanti- the control of so far as he, or ingenious, And if this is so, to do. and who, fig- rela- planned tative. It gives us definite secretion by the chorda tympani else knew, was no The Albatross was any one the rate of passage by its ac- for deep sea work, and was, and ures for nerve may be largely his. • tion of . capillary walls which blood flow, in addi- join still is, a good sea-going steam- through tion on the of us who did not the Those are valuable. It made on tion to its innervation of con- Commission until iso- ship. the audience a delightful impres- tractile elements in the gland. of the experience no one is at fault, missed much Perhaps it was presented clearly associat- sion, as admirable work of Dr. who had been and it is doubtless only an inci- The of those and gracefully. great essor Baird m pre- onrush of events in Landis illustrates also the ed with Prof dent in the result of_ the Thus, Di. E. The general value of the discovery of a vious summers. these days of world disturbance,, opinion letter, work was to confirm an investigation. Meth- Andrews, m a recent but, when, last summer, I saw method of A. expressed some thirty years ago Dr. Chambers of the work at New- Albatross made fast to the ods developed by speaking the Professor Starling, the Eng- the shrinking at- wharf, at by for the study of cell structure port, tells of Fish Commission that the pres- others in lish physiologist, found to be applicable to tention which he and Woods Hole, with no crew, be are exhi- sure in the capillaries must of a problem m laboratory gave to an either on board or ashore, with the solution the large enough to force out of the this let loose on the on her sides, quite another fleld. By bition of snakes streaks of rust with substances who as blood the liquid the biologist can study floor by the Professor, and with a list to starboard, method in solution, against the pressure capillaries. He no ot the discour- individual _ talked, most interestingly if she were downright pres- sorts inward due to the osmotic to rely on statistical king-snake, and other aged. I could not help contrast- longer has the blood proteins. De- great handling them with present forlorn plight sure of averages of behaviour of meanwhile ing her the osmotic pleasure not al- appearance which terminations of numbers of capillaries. It is by familiarity and with the trim proteins of the by_ his pressure of the study of individuals, rather together comprehended .she presented, Avhen, in 1883, the plasma have shown pres- populations, audience. This is a complement of officers blood than by that of startled with full from 10 to 12 cms. Baird, which the tempor- sures ranging that real advance is made in phase of Professor and crew, and with is of water in frogs blood. This is this Woods Hole had bttle op- ary addition of a small staff of biological work. It we at the pressure measured by observe. her first just power of stiidying individuals portunity to investigators, she made pressure. Landis as the capillary gives the biologist his The importance of having a dredging trip to the Gulf which While the results thus sup- advantage over the physi- permanent laboratory at Woods Stream. I remember too the great port the idea that the passage and chemist, for both the Hole appealed so strongly to lively interest which Professor cist fluid through the capillary branches of science are Baird, that, when it Baird took in this trip, and in of latter Professor controlled by cases, to doubtful that the strange examples of the wall is largely forced, in nearly all appeared to be to were se- these two mechanical factors of study great populations, and the government could be in- abyssal fauna which pressure and capillary on statistical methods in the undertak- cured. osmotic rely duced to assist beeni av- hav- blood pressure, as has which show only what the he devised the plan of I do not know what he would ing, generally concluded hitherto, erage conduct will be and never ing the colleges and universities think, if he were here, and as they show also that the state of what any single individual assist by contributing to the he was when the Albatross was the capillary wall itself is still molecule or atom or electron or purchase of land, on condition new. He gave me the impress- more important. This state is individual will do. Perhaps that they should have perpetual ion of being one who had learned referred to by the author in con- when the physicist is able to right to a table, or tables, for to maintain complete mastery sonance with custom as perme- study the behaviour of an atom the use of students, or members over himself. That he was cap- ability: but it really means the will find it showing all the staffs. anger there can be he of their teaching able of just the wall possessing men- the state of vital action of indications of this time he enlisted no doubt, and I think that About itself. The capillaries are made tality and exercising choice, of the late Joseph present disuse of the Albatross the -sympathy of living cells; these cells are which the biologist finds in project, the result might prove a severe test of his Fay in the innervated. Dr. Landis has every living thing whether that a gift to the gen- powers of self-control. of which was sho-wn that the maintenance of be the cell of a capillary wall government, for the Fish eral .their ordinary impermeability or himself. of the water front (Continued Next Week) Commission, proteins is dependent upon running from to on Great Harbor, respiration; and since the owned by the their IDEAL the property, now fundamental effect of the nerve Biological Laboratory, SANSOUCI Marine impulse is to change the rate of RESTAURANT about opposite the BARBER SHOP to a point the respiration of cells, it may BEST FOOD IN TOWN of the breakwater •western end Expert Bobbing be anticipated that further Buzzards Bay. Then, some- Main Street Woods Hole on WOODS HOLE, MASS. work will show that the forma- the Professor's sur- what to tion of the lymph is controlled prise, 1 think, but much to his : . !

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN tween one OUR BACIA and six a. m., rarely tensively. In the case of other Arthur H. Thomas Company of unoccupied between six and one. supplies quotations are obtained Philadelphia and the What we are doing in Physi- The shades of the arinicola Fisher from several firms and the or- Scientific Company may be summarized as larvae, the of Pitts- ology neytelus, and the ders are placed on the basis of burgh. The faithful above applies espec- follows Funduli cry out for a these. In all cases quotations ially to glassware etc. In the For the first two weeks we place in this sketch but short are obtained before an order is line of chemicals we find nine lectures a shrift must be given still on averaged week; them. You placed whether there is competi- . the shelves many bottles at nine ail (if we label- now we have one a day, may so address some tion or not. When these orders ed Kahlbaum, of the all pre-war, to- o'clock. Professor Michaelis of fearless few still read- reach the Laboratory they are gether with much from J. T. Berlin and Johns Hopkins has ing) know how Fundulus with of course checked off on the in- Baker, Eimer and Amend, been lecturing on physical chem- scales intact can live in either voices and the goods placed in Merck, Eastman Kodak Com- istry as applied to biology. Al- sea or fresh water. This must the proper places in the Chemi- pany, not to mention a number most everyone who can manage be seen to be appreciated; also cal Room, bottles of chemicals of others. In the case of cer- it comes to hear him, but since those remarkable chromato- being first dated and treated tain kinds of .supplies, the policy there are some who cannot, a phores. As an N. Y. U. Medical with paraffin wax as previously has been pursued, when filling summary of his lectures may be School man said : "How did any- indicated. When the bills come in emergency orders, of order- of interest. First he treated the one happen to find out that they in their prices are of course com- ing extra amounts. This has periodic system in a striking 'beat' after being put in sodium pared with the quotation prices resulted, in the case of dyes, in fashion, valence, interactions of and then in barium?" m the usual way. At the building up a fine stock of the elements all standing out in The inability of the duly beginning of the season all the Grubler dyes, there being in the their relationship to it. Next elected sub-editor to prepare bills for emergency orders with neighborhood of two hundred the mass law. The "K" of all this note for The Collecting Net their amounts etc., but not their on the Chemical Room list. the reactions will be inti- is regretted by the whole class, items, an are entered in the above (To B3 Continued) mate memory to all of us. but by none more than by the mentioned Chemical Room order Electrolvtic dissociations led to ' Anonyynous Undersigned" book. These, with the subse- SAMUEL CAHOON "pH", and that to "buffers" and quent emergency order bills en- Wholesale and Retail "indicators". Hydrogen and 'The Chemical tered there, not D.3aler in Room" only enable the FISH AND LOBSTERS quin-hydrone electrodes were Chemical Room to easily keep Tel. Falmouth 6G0-C61 next discussed, then adsorption (Continued from Page 2) track of its annual expenditures WrotJa Hole, Mass. and surface tension. Ordinai-y but furnishes a reasonably ac- bable price, is also noted in the physico-chemical subjects were curate basis for a tabulation of Chemical Room book. This en- presented in a most extraordin- the amounts spent for chemicals, ables the Chemical Room to DR. H. A. ary manner. Dr. Michaelis con- glassware, etc., (excepting the WHITE keep track of the general amount tinues his course Tuesdays, apparatus now under the charge DENTIST out against it even though not Wednesdays and Fridays at of Professor Pond). It was Main St. Opposite corresponding exactly to the Post Office nine o'clock. Dr. Jacobs or Dr. from such data that the expen- Tel. 907-2 Falmouth, Mass. final bill prices. bill j When the Fenn lecture on the other days. ditures for each year since 1910, comes in it is of course compar- Dr. Jacobs' lectures have been given earlier in this aiticle, ed with the items in the Chemi- equally noteworthy. He has were based. It may be of inter- cal Room book, the bill prices presented over ninety refer- est to note in passing that the RIDE are also added and the bill itself THE BUS (up to the present time), Chemical Room has had deal- ences, along with the name of the firm, each one succinctly summarized ings with about seventy-five to TO FALMOUTH order numbers, date and total one and mostly from recent publica- hundred firms in its past amount is entered in another history. In It costs less than to tions. Such a summary of lit- the early days the place in the same book. old firm erature in itself would be re- of Bausch and Lomb When an order comes in, be- drive your own car. markable; but he has done received considerable attention sides being checked off as re- but much more. He put a vitality now for many years past ceived in the order book, the the B. R. into mathematical equations fine old German firm of NICKERSON date of receipt, in the case of Eimer and which makes even a Doubting Amend of New York WOODS HOLE, MASS. chemicals, is stamped upon the seems to Thomas realize that in biology hold first place, with, label and the label and stopper- an honorable the mathematioaJ approach is mention of the ed end is dipped in a mixture of an extremely' productive one: melted soft paraffin and bees- calculus, physiology, chemistry, wax. This is also done to most and applied sciences their show reagent bottles each time after intimate relationships. the bottle has been opened dur- The Elizabeth Theatre And the laboratory work, at ing the season. present under Drs. Jacobs and The above named orders are FALMOUTH, MASS. Haywood, but soon to be under termed "Emergency Orders". In Drs. Fenn and Hartline, is an contra-distinction to them there HIGH CLASS PHOTOPLAYS outstanding feature. One of are orders made up in advance Show Starts the class claims unerring accur- of the season, based upon the at 7.45 — Feature Picture at 8.30 racy in differentiating the male probable needs for the coming Short Reels Repeated After the Feature Picture. from the female Arbaeia. but the I season. Such orders are known A rest go blindly in, making lots! as "Winter Orders". Data for COMPLETE SHOW AFTER 8.30 of mistakes. Effects I of ions, those orders are obtained from Saturday Two Shows at 7.00 and 9.00 O'clock alone and in combination, ef- entries in the book entitled Matinees Monday, Wednesday and fects of change of tonicity of "Suoplies Needed for Next Sea- Saturday at 2.30 the water, and pH bring out the .'•on". from inspection of the more or less quantitative re- Monday emergency orders of the season July 25 Wed. & Thurs July 27-28 sults. The Amherst instructor and from a careful inspection of "WEDDING BILLS" rarely gets poor results; others the stock at the end of the sea- "McFADDEN'S FLATS" a minority, perhaps, though one son. Entries are made in with with C. Murray, C. Conklin of them is now writing, are not above book during the season by RAYMOND GRIFFITH so clever and their Pathe News Aesop Fables curves when any member of the staff. From Fox Ne\v3 Educational Comedy plotted remind one of the Cool- these data a list is made up with Short Reel idge angle worms now causing estimated pricct and forms the Tuesday July 26 a deep schism in the G. 0. P. basis of the winter orders. In "BROADWAY Friday July 29 Don't forget the explanations placing these orders, certain NIGHTS" with "FRAMED" (not always mathematical) of standardized articles, the prices LOIS WILSON, with MILTON SILLS why the curves were or were of which are fixed, are ordered SAM HARDY not as they should be. The lab- f'-om a suitable firm with which News Comedy Topics of the Day oratory is rarely occupied be- the laboratory deals most ex- PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET

JELLY FISH of the animal inhabitants of wharf pilings. Another trip was taken to some 50 odd stu- On July 28 Nobska for salt water forms LABORATORY dents assembled in the Inverte- and was distinguished by a few learn all brate laboratory to duckings into the salt water. promised. that the catalogue As bathing suits were the ac- and SUPPLIES For you who are further inter- cepted costume for this event, ested, we refer you to the 1927 no harm was done. The sun- announcement of the Marine burns visibly increased. The Biological Laboratory. The prize trip was on Saturday, labora- routine of lecture and July 16, when the class went to tory work has been broken by Hadley Harbor. In his instruc- five field trips so far. These are tions to the class before start- by far the most interesting fea- ing. Dr. Young announced that this tures of the course. By if anyone was unacquainted means the students get first with the properties of mud he the hand information as to would not long remain in ignor- ani- habitat and habits of the ance. Now all you have to say This mals they are studying. is "Hadley Harbor" to an in- of is really invaluable to some vertebrate and he will groan. Our General Laboratory and Museum Supplies Include: our budding professors of In- All joking aside this was the Scientific Apparatus and Instruments, Chemicals, Ana- vertebrate Zoology. most successful collecting so far The first trip was Dr. Daw- and will probably hold the rec- tomical Models, Osteological Preparations, Natural on son's Paradise, for we went ord. One hundred and sixty-five History Specimens and Preparations, Wall Charts, a protozoa hunt. As the class forms were collected and one Museum and Naturalists' Supplies, Glass Jars, is very large we divided into hundred and three forms were two parties, one going out in on the demonstration table. Miscroscopes and Accessories. of Nobska with Dr. The mud flats proved to be the vicinity most Biological and General Laboratory Supplies Young, and the other to Pen- rich in Echinodermata. Dv. zance with Dr. Dawson. (Note: Young's team deserves the prize Wear your seven-league boots for getting the most forms, the THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION when going with Dr. Young or number being about one hun- you will find yourself some- dred twenty. OF AMERICA where in the rear). You can- We really do more than go Dept. of Natural Science, 119-125 7th Ave. not fool Dr. Dawson when it on collecting expeditions, even Lagai, Ph.D. (Cor. 17th comes to protozoa. All at- though this account seems to G. St.) New York City tempts to present unidentified deal mainly with that part of forms failed. the course. If you were to drop Many of the newcomers to in any evening at any hour, you Woods'Hole decided after a visit would certainly see many stu- dents working busily to the Cedar Swamp and the to com- Sphagnum Swamp that field plete work not finished during joke, but must be regular lab. hours. It is during CENTRIFUGES trips are no these taken in a humble spirit for one times that we get to know never knows when the fall is each other and much exchange INTERNATIONAL EQUIPMENT CO. going to come. of general inform^ation goes on 352 Western Ave., Boston, Mass. in these informal working At Quisset we went on our periods. These Centrifuges were developed to meet, in a practical first salt water collecting trip. Dr. Bennitt enjoyed this for way, the varied requirements of many laboratories. They worms were abundant. It real- (Bw ^utfjoritieg are made in several sizes, with capacities ranging from ly is a help that each tour re- two tubes of 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, veals in abundance a form to Dr. Edv/in Linton is now and with relative centrifugal forces up to 3800 times staff happy and enthu- make our Honorary Research Fellow in speaking of en- gravity. siastic. And Zoology at the University of thusiasm, it is a joy to go col- Pennsylvania. He came first Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory with our staff, for they lecting to Woods Hole as assistant to Sizes. weary of the count- never grow Professor Verrill in 1882, and questions and are quite as less has returned continuously to receive a student's dis- happy to work here during the summer though it were really covery as except for five scattered years .something never before seen. Laboratory Directions in when he was working at other HUDSON-ESSEX was a rather moist ex- Quisset biological stations. Dr. Linton General Physiology but clean salt water is MOTOR CARS cursion, was professor of zoology at the hardship. By E. NEWTON HARVEY no Washington and Jefferson Col- We have several good second Preceding the field trip for lege from 1892 to 1922; and hand cars for sale. Princeton University July 9, Dr. Young lectured on almost from the beginning of A limited numiber of copies Phylogeny. This was our first his research work he has been The Crocker Garage can be obtained from the cruise on the Cayadetta, al- devoting the larger part of his Corporation, Inc. Princeton University Store, though some went on the Nereis time_ to the study of parasitol- Princeton, N. J., for $1.00 and said that they pitied those ogy in fishes. concerned He has Fain ith Mass. each, plus postage. on the larger boat. The wharf himself especially with the life are piles at Vineyard Haven, history and distribution of the, well covered with Mytius edtilis, Helimuth parasites. and thanks to the forethought B of Drs. Young and Severing- Through the generosity of haus, certain fortunate mem- Mr. Henry D. Sharpe, a mem- bers of the class carried on ber of the W C DAVIS-COMPANY Corporation of Brown throucrh the arduous work of University, a fellowship in scraping pilings wifh steamed biology of ?1000 has just been HOME FURNISHERS mussels. We were fortunate in established for the year 1927- FALMOUTH MASS getting a very good collection 1928. =B ;

Number 4 WOODS HOLE, SATURDAY, JULY 30, 1927 Siilisf-riptioii $1.2.>

History cf Woods Hole WHAT IS LIMITING iH. p. 1. Calenbar DATE IS SET FOR Is Thems Used by Artist FACTOR IN GROWTH WATER SPORTS It is a far cry from candle Saturday, July 30 Size and Number as Related 9:00-12:00 P. M. works to chromosomes, from to Orga:i!E!Tis Annual Natatorial Contests to Be Club Dance. Orchestra. M. B. L. guano to science, from whaling Held Friday, August 5, Club. Admission free to mem- Dr. N-. A. Cabb ships British soldiers to P. and bers; 75c for non-members. Xfniatuldjjist. r. S. Diiiai-tinvnt of at 3 M. yachting rigs and summer -Vjirlculture Sunday, July 31 Rt'port 0." ail informal evening talk hy boarders—from 1667 to 1927, I»r. Cobb Mrs. Warfcasse Is Sponsor 9:00 P. M. whieh was j^iven at tiie Bu- reau (if Fisheries but Mr. Frank J-,. Gifford, busi- as one of a series of Informal Singing. Upstairs on the i etuv s I>\- the liur.-au of Fisheries' The annual Woods Hole Water ness man through the week and "nv^'srijjatnrs. M. B. L. Club porch. Sports, so long a feature of the artist on Sundays, has found Wednesday, August 4 summer's activities, will be held that the feel of the old day not vertebrates a mile 4:30 P. M. Why again this year under the spon- lingers along with the new—this Dedication of a memorial tablet long and a thousand feet high? sorship of Mrs. J. P. Warbasse, imported 'Biological'. to the late Jacques Loeb. Addresses By: Dr. Simon Why not vertebrates only a to whose interest and efforts For one thing the old house Flexner, Rockefeller Institute, Dr. Fx'ank quarter of an inch long? The the success of this event has so that Ebenezer Hatch built some- R. Lillie, University of Chicago times known facts clearly indicate many been due. These time after he came here in 1667 and Dr. Hardolph Wastencys, contests will be conducted from University of Toronto. limits in both directions. The is still standing. In its time it the Cayadetta float in view of Indians, battling Colonists, knew Friday, August 15 speaker sketched some of the the spectators who will line the 4:00-6:00 P. M. whaling traders, and a journey reasons for the existence of the shore directJy in front of the to its new foundation 'on Quis- Tea. Protozoology and Embryol- limit, e. circulation dif- Laboratory, and will begin at ogy. B. L. Club. upper g. set Avenue, where it is known M. ficulties due to friction in the 3 o'clock on the afternoon of as the old Knight house. For Friday, August 5 8:00 P. M. Friday, August 5th. another thing Mr. Gifford has blood vessels, accumulation of The Evening Lecture. J. Mansfield customary series of painted pictures of Woods Hole an excess of excreta during the Clark, Prof?E3or of Chemistry, events will be run off, with ad- from the time he was a boy, Hygienic Laboratory, Washing- long journey out and back, the ditions and variations. As and he has painted memory pic- ton, D. C. Subject: "A re- difficulty of maintaining tem- usual, swimming and diving stricted but new approach to tures of Woods Hole from the will be the order of the day, but oxidation-reduction in the living perature at the extremities time his grandparents knew. besides these there will be a cell". limits set by the strength of ma- Tub He owns pictorial evidence of Race for junior entries and Woods Hole from 1812, the early terials, bone could not be strong DEDICATION OF TABLET Canoe Tilts for boys and girls. pictures painted from his fa- enough or muscles efficient COMMEMORATING LOEB It is hoped to make the Relay thers' memory as clear cut now enough to properly support and Races an even more popular as his own remembrances. A ON COMING WEDNESDAY feature of the move so large an organism ; food Sports this year series of these and other pic- than they supply difficulties; space limita- have been in the past. tures were taken to New York in honor of Dr. The various A ceremony tions connected with protecting classes will be en- this winter, exhibited in the Jacques Loeb, who died in 1924, couraged to form relay such an organism from the ele- teams, Whitney studios and photo- will be held in the auditorium of both men's and women's, ments etc., etc. and graphed for various rotogravure the brick building on Wednesday the competitive spirit thus en- sections. Reasons were sketched for the afternoon, August 4, at 4:30 gendered among the students non-existence o f exceedingly Mr. GifFord's first historical _ P. M. at which time a bronze should run high. At present no small vertebrates. The compli- picture is concerned with that plaque commemorating his life satisfactory scheme for handi- c a t e d vertebrate mechanism appealing incident in 1812 of and work will be unveiled. The caDoing the Invertebrate team, would be in the way in an organ- the British soldiers versus the plaque will later be placed in the with its reputed quartet of col- ism of such small size. an astute New Englanders, of the lobby of the building next to the Why lege swimming stars, has been elaborate pumping system to famous schooner that was re- Whitman tablet. suggested, but it is rumored pump blood for a distance quisitioned by the British. The Three short addresses in that they may have to swim with through which it might diffuse doughty New England captain honor of Dr. Loeb will be given arms and legs tied behind them. without such a system? So with ran the 'boat aground in Little by friends and fellow workers. It is hoped that the Investiga- "centralized" respiration. The Harbor, and when the British Dr. Frank R. Lillie former di- tors may enter a crack team of competition of such imaginary soldiers came for it they were rector of the M. B. L. will speak four against a picked student small vertebrates with other entertained to satiety with gin as a representative of the labor- quartet. organisms, say insects, of sim- as effective as the present boot- atory on Loeb's relation to the As the Junior events will be pler structure better adapted to leg variety. And so they for- M. B. L. Dr. Simon Flexner of called off first starting promptly such small sizes would be a got their errand. the Rockefeller Institute will at 3 P. M.., the Senior Swims and hopeless struggle. Why not in- Little Harbor at that time speak on Dr. Loeb's connection Dives will be in order at 4 or sects as large as moles or as was fringed with the ten-foot with the Rockefeller Ir.stitute, shortly after, thus avoiding con- small as microbes? Similar wigwamish looking pyramids and Dr. Hardolph Wasteneys of flict with the laboratory class sketchy observations were also that were put over the salt vats the Univfrsity of Toronto, a work. made concerning the clearly in- on rainy days, when salt was foi-mei" pupil of Dr. Loeb, will A competent corps of judges dicated size limits in this group made by drying out sea water. discuss his work in physiology. will be under the leadership of of "lower" organisms. Each of the addresses will be Dr. H. C. Bradley, and the re- (Continued on Page 11) about ten minutes in length. (Continued on Page 2) (Continued on Page 11) —

PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

beyond the hy- That the Litobionts are much Table Discusses and why not typical cells below are not already Round than cells, is indicated the limits of a micron or two." pothetical stage. simpler Copepods and the Nemas Here again reasons were sketch- Here again, size seems a by a number of facts. Their ef- on light indicate that in ed as to why the mechanism of prime determining element. fects the main, they are composed of The staff of the Bureau of the typical cell would be so com- When a cell( really a relatively large organism) a smaller number of kinds of Fisheries together with the in- plex as to "be in its own way" complex and numer- molecules of a more orderly ar- and when the distances involved be- transmits its exceedingly dependent investigators rangement. The fact that some come sufficiently small and the ous properties to its descendants, several guests met again for the in reagents, number of properties to be nothing short of an elaborate of them are soluble Night is another "Fisheries Thursday transmitted sufficiently few. census and mobilization is ade- (e. g. acetic acid,) 14. This follow mitosis indication of relative simplicity. Round Table" on July Size limits in these various quate. Hence its complications. In a word, we must conceive of IS the second meeting in the cases are set by a fundamental and the Litobionts as made up of a designed to give oppor- necessity, having its "final" A cell has, in a great degree, series smaller number of kinds of the size of the elec- to take care of itself; and so tunity for the discussion of the source in simpler molecules manipulated tronic combinations. Particular must have many of the multi- problems of the various investi- through very much smaller dis- attention was called to the fact tudinous properties characteris- gators and to promote fellow- tances, and therefore necessarily that, usually, the size limits of tic of the groups of cells consti- (a matter of "economy", "least ship among the workers. Dr. higher and lower tuting higher organisms. It "adjacent" resistance") by simpler mechan- C. B. Wilson and Dr. N. A. Cobb groups of organisms reciprocal- must nourish itself. "You can speakers, al- ism. It is quite conceivable that were the leading overlap (e. g. Vertebrates and take the horse to food, (or vice ly some Litobionts may be smaller though many joined in the in- Insects), and also to the fact versa) but you cannot make him fol- than some of the largest mole- formal discussion Avhich that cells representing indivi- eat;—^he must do that himself," cules. Not needing such large lowed the presentation of the of certain species of uni- seems to summarize the situa- duals and complex molecules, the papers. organisms are larger tion. If the cell ("eats") assi- cellular mass of the Litobiont may even Dr. Wilson, who has spent of the multicellulars, milates, and is to continue, then than some be smaller than that of some years at Woods Hole, and emphasize by reversing, it must have mechanism ade- many or, to such molecules. is a recognized authority on many multicellulars are smaller luate to select, transport, digest. The duality characteristic of copepods, discussed special prob- than some of the larger unicell- excrete, etc.—at least to take all matter leads, however, to an lems concerning the copepods of ulars. There is a distinct lap- some part in reproducing itself. arrangement of the parts in the Woods Hole region. Up to ping of one on to the size limits All this complexity is because of Litobionts such that we can only 1926 published lists included of the other. the number of characters, and think of them at present largely of the size, i. e. the dis- only about 75 species known ''Organisms'* cf Greater Size, because — involved. But what if all in term.s of what we know of from this locality. Dr. Wilson "Social Organisms" tance cell physiology and mechanics: has, however, collected over 300 these be a hundredfold or more Developing a more complex simply because knowledge pro- species already, including para- reduced? Plainly, the require- nervous system, the higher gresses from the known to the sitic and free-living forms, and ments would call for a simpler unknown. Our knowledge of has made significant observa- organisms have evolved "mental mechanism; cell-mechanism cells must be one of the main tions concerning their distribu- pictures" of distant and invisi- would be so complicated as to be sources of our Litobiont con- tion with regard to various eco- ble things and events, and have in the way. cepts. We may at least suspect logical factors. invented means for transmitting LITOBIONTS the existence of organisms or Cobb, senior nema- various media signs to Dr. N. A. through The speaker had ventured quasi-organisms simpler than S. Department of represent these mental pic- Lito- tologist. U. that suggest a general name, Litobionts. Agriculture, discussed his work tures. Thus the social organ- bionts, for the group of organ- on the marine nemas under the ism evolved. When we speak of isms which his observations led (Continued on Page 10) title "Size and Number as Re the social organism it is usually iiim to believe to exist, these lated to Organisms". He point- assumed that we are using —very organisms of lower grade; ATTENTION TENNIS ed out the characteristics of analogj', but an interesting for- '(litos, simple), simple-organ- marine nemas which make them mulation might be made out for isms. The Litobionts have dis- FANS! inter- so well adapted for the investi- i homology Are not the tinctive properties, such as gation of fundamental problems actions between relatively far- small size, and simplicity of com- Beach Courts Ready For Play in biology and illustrated, at distant intellectual organisms, nevertheless, live, position, but The work of re-foundation- some length, the development of existing in the sea of air sur- assimilate, grow, multiply ; ing and re-surfacing the three mathematics as a necessary part rounding the earth, in many not only dividing somewhat L. of biological research. ways actually homologous with after the manner of some higher, beach courts of the M. B. An informal social hour fol- the passage of stimuli, etc. in more or less filamentous organ- Tennis Club has finally been owed the more general discus- more viscous fluid media be- isms, but multiplying by endo- completed, and by the time this cells? When two very being sions. About forty persons tween genmis d^^^ision, this latter notice appears it is fully ex- present. smal/1 organisms live m sym- one of the speaker's own obser- were pected that the lines will be laid biosis, or between cells in blood, vations. cells even more in- and that the courts will be com- What Limits Size or between Yet it is possible to over em- timately organized we have this phasize the smallness of Lito- pletely ready for use. (Continued from Page 1) condition. bionts. The speaker stated his At considerable expense to the The concept of organisms of belief that we have been looking Tennis Club the beach courts, Generalizing why not mul- this higher or social grade sug- at Litobionts a long time,—Lito- which have always lacked satis- organisms beyond cer- ticellular gests the question of there being bionts of the larger size,—^with- factory drainage, have been tain and minimum maximum also lower orders of organisms out recognizing their nature, raised six inches, complete tile limits? little thought shows A at the other end of the accepted just as observers previous to the drainage has been installed and that limits are set by the rela- series. This idea is not new time of Schleiden and Schwann a new playing surface applied. tionships of particular mechan- for their existence was specifi- had been looking at cells with- As a result, these courts present to the distances involved; isms cally asserted by acute observ- out recognizing their natui'e. at all times a dryness of sur- in such cases, is a and as size, ers and adventurous thinkers Just as the multicellular and face that is in marked contrast of the number of co- function in the plainest of language unicellular organisms overlap to their former hygroscopicity. cells, the limits are operating at least half a century ago, each other in the matter of size, However, until the courts can in terms. This be- set numerical but at that time the supporting so the unicellular organisms receive the hardening effect of consider comes clearer when we evidence was so meagre that the (having the charcteristic pro- a couple of days of enthusiastic ability to represent a cellu- our idea did not rise to the dignity perties of cells as now defined) sunlight, which at present seems lar organism a strictly ma- by of a working hypothesis. Now it overlap the Litobionts. There almost too much ever to hope expres- thematical (numerical) what unicellular organisms smal- for, members are requested to * is quite different. Today are sion. (The bioequation.) Or, refrain from play following we know about certain small ler than some Litobionts. _ speaker next asked, "Why The living elements, both inside and in reverse, some Litobionts heavy rains when the new and do we not have cells a meter long outside of cells, compels such a larger than some unicellular soft surface might easily be im-

• .Tnur, Wash. Aeatl. St'ionce, Juiip •?. 13--" working hypothesis, even if we organisms. paired. ''

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

"THE STORY OF WOODS HOLE" and we enjoyed the benefits Dr. E. G. Gardiner, Massachu- thereof. The Fish Commission sclIs Institute (Continued) of Technology, supplied the seawater for the M:ss O'Grady, Bryn Mawr, Dr. Edwin Grai-it Conklin aquaria. Well do I remember Miss C. M.. Professor of Zoology, PrinceLon University Clapp, Mount Hol- the Fish Hawk and Captain Col- yoke, III. SOME RECOLLECTIONS OF TKE FIRST SUMMER AT 'ins, the WOODS HOLE, 1BS3 skipper of the schooner E. 0. Jordan, Massachusetts In- By Cornelia Clapp Grampus. stitute of Technology, Professor Emeritus of Zoology, Mount Hoiyoke College The men from the Fish Com- Miss Helen Torrey Harris, Wel- mission used to come over even- lesley, I am asked to recall the events cal Laboratory workers took ings to visit the new laboratory Miss Isabel Mulford (Botany). and to record some of the im- their meals there. Dr. Gardiner and perhaps to consult our Vassar, books, for Mr. Washburn, U. of pressions received during the sat at the head of the table and we had in the corner Michigan. cften entertained us with ac- of the upstairs laboratory a few In the Department of Instruc- first session of the Marine Bio- shelves containing tion were: i counts of his life in Leipzig. the nucleus logical Laboratory at Woods This the "Mess", of our present library. This Charles Atwell, Evanston, Illi- Hole, Massachusetts in 1888. was so-called consisted of some noia, from the first ; the name ori- books given I had seen the circular an- .Tamos ginated with Dr. Gardiner. I by Mrs. Glendower Evans, the Norton, Ravenswood, Ill- nouncing the opening of the La- have vei-y pleasant memories of sister of Dr. Gardener. Mrs. I inois, boratory. I v.'as sure that I the table talk and of the associa- Evans gave these books as a John G. Owen, Bridgeton, N. J. to see it like wanted what was Spencer Trotter, M. D., tions there. Later I had a memorial of her deceased hus-j Swarth- and to enjoy the advantages of room band and still more College, Pa., in the cottage for some tim.e. they bear the I study at the seashore. me- My memorial book plate which she Susan J. Hart, Jackson, Mich., mories of the Penikese School to The laboratory building was prepared. And Dr. Minot, I' C. Walden, Fort Worth, Texas, which I went in 1874 quickened becoming more usable every day. remember, was Jennie Waldo, Rockford, Illi- It was set much interested down among boulders j my desires and the name of Dr. in the cataloguing nois, and the area across the street and arrang- C. 0. Whitman as director add- ing of Caroline Woodman, was strewn with these books. i Lewiston, ed to my interest since he also rocks of all Maine. That first year there was a Penikesian. sizes through which we made our was neither That is, there were seven in- winding way to the main street Wilson, nor Morgan, i Thus it was that I arrived at nor vestigators and eight students. near the Stone Building. The Lillie, nor Conklin; theyj Woods Hole July 10, 1888. I It is interesting to note hoAV way plain came later. was enough by day j made my way to the building At the many difl^erent parts of the but it was sometimes a little in- Fish Commission were which was to be the laboratory. Dr. United States were represented. tricate and interesting when the Watase, Dr. Ryder, and Pro- It was still unfinished. Carpen- fessor Patton. Maine sent one student, Texas shades of evening had fallen. j ters were at work making tables, one, Illinois three, At the Marine Biological La- Michigan one, putting up shelves, and doing The great lack was the ab- Pennsylvania boratory in the Department of one. New Jersey other necessary last things be- sence of the equipment. Now Investigation were: I (Continued on fore it could be occupied for the Marine Biological Labora- Page 10) work. tory was an outgrowth of An- nisquam Laboratory, The first man I met was Mr. which, Bowles, one of the carpenters. through the kindness of Pro- From him and from Mr. Van fessor Hyatt, had been maintain- The B N A Vleck, a fellow Penikesian whom ed by the Woman's Education Arranged as an Outline of Association of I met on the street, I learned Boston from 1880 to This that Dr. Whitman had not ar- 188G. Association Regional and became the instigator of the Systematic Anatomy rived ; that he was delayed by A Contribution to the Science illness in his family; that the movement to found a permanent and Teaching of Anatomy equipment for the building was biological station at Woods Hole. BY The still on the road, probably side- women trustees were those who had been active in tracked somewhere; that it the pro- Victor E. Emmel might be some time "before the ject of a marine laboratory for Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Illinois laboratory teachers; one of these. Miss was opened; that no Laboratory Guest at The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology arrangements had been made Florence Gushing, was promin- ent in REVISED SECOND EDITION for boarding, and that I must and many ways eflScient. look out for myself. Thus Woods Hole inherited some The Basle Aniatomical Nomenclature (the B N A) has been pre- equipment from Annisquam but eminently successful in the elimination of approximately 45,000 un- So the search for a boarding- not much. necessary synonjmis for the macroscopic structures of the human place began. It proved fruit- body, and has consequently become an international anatomic less, for Woods Hole people took I very distinctly recollect the language. no boarders. Fortunately some day when the delated freight This list of seme 5000 terms, intended for common use in the medical 'schoois, was arranged on the did take lodgers and there was car bi-ought our longed-for basis of systematic human anatomy. It appears obvious, however, that, from an eating place at the railroad enuipment. Dr. Whitman, Dr. the standpoiimt of practical anatomy, .a regional arrangement of these terms in conjunction with station. Minot, and I, with the assistance The eating room proved their f.ystematic tabulation would greatly increase the usefulness of to be a dark, dingy hole where of Dr. William Patton of the the B N A. two or three men, who were Fish Commission, unpacked With this objective in mind, the present systematic B N A has been expanded working at the Fish Commis- boxes and barrels of glassware to include a correlated regional arrangement nf anatomical terms—an arrangement based upon^the sequence in which the struc- sion, took their meals, and there and instruments. It was late tures indicated by these terms may be exposed and demonstra/ted to 'n the evening I took m.y first meals. I found a when the last the naked eye m actual dissection—^thus securing a direct association of the term with the visualization room temporarily at Mrs. barrel was opened and its con- of the structure to which it refers. Although Hatch's house across the rail- tents checked. Then from our a minimum encroachment upon individual initiative is evaluated as a dominant objective to be sought, road bridge, and about this time arduous labors we repaired to concise statements are given for the m.ore difficult incisions and dissections involved in I Tommy Howes' ice cream parlor heard of a Miss Harris, a stu- the demonstration of the structures listed. The order in which the dent from Wellesley, who had which was just closing for the regions are dealt with is based upon a sequence which facilitates observation of those been at Woods Hole and was ex- night and regaled ourselves with structural relationships of greatest practical significance. The work consequently contitutes a basis for a direct pected to return in a day or two. ice cream and sherbet. correlation of anatomical terminology and structure in the practical A little later Miss Harris and I The Fish Commission was a .study of the cadaver and presents a resume of regional and systema- tic anatomy for anatomical took rooms at Mrs. Samson's and great advantage to the Labora- and clinical reference. This book of about 250 pages, meals at the railroad station toi-y; how great one who was illustrated with twelve plates and figures in delineation of surface anatomy and surface projections of which we gladly left when not present that first the skeleton, summer will be ready September 15, 1927. Price, S3.50, bound gardener's cottage at the head can hardlv realize. The Labor- m cloth. of Little Harbor was opened. atory had no boats, no nets or ADDRESS This cottage was placed at the other apparatus required for THE WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY disposal of the Thirty-sixth Street Laboratory and Woodland : by furnishing material for study Avenue : : : Philadelphia, Pa. Mr. Fay. The Marine Biologi- but the Fish Commission had : :

PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

the season the order books are well what might just as well "The Chemical Room" filed away in alphabetical order, not to be done at all, there does the names of the Its Past and Present accoi'ding to seem to be a necessity for a cer- SCHOOL AND I)r. Olivir S. !S(ronB investigators. At the beginning Profussor of Xcurolujjy and Neuro- tain continuity of office on the I'hjsieiaiis i:ncl of each season the investigator SOCIETY ilistiilogy, Oolli't'C (it attend to •Sur^^cous, C(»!uinl)ia t'nivt'rsit.v. receives his pre\'ious order book part of someone to Tills is the last iiistallmout of func- A weekly journal covering Dr. StroiiK's artii/li" on Ihu Uevoloy- or if he is a newcomer a new some of the more general Chemical Uiioni. the field of education in rela- nirat of thv order book is made out with his tions mentioned earlier in this tion to the problems of Ameri- name, building and room num- article. This together with a The system pursued in the dis- can democracy. Its objects are ber. A number of books with certain sentimental attitude on the advancement tribution of supplies to investi- the building stamped upon them of education part of the Chemist an'' .- as a science and the adjust- gators and classes is as follows are already on hand to minimize the on ment of our lower and higher each investigator and class is the amount of this clerical work certain easy-going tolerance probab- schools to the needs of modern provided with an order book, a occurring during a rush period. the pai-t of the Director life. Eacii number ordinarily When each book is given out ly accounts for the long incum- small book of about six by three contains articles and addresses the name of the investigator is bency of the writer. In thi.s and a half inches (known com- of some length, shorter contri- entered on a printed list of sloughing-off process, what is as a pass book, dol- butions, discussion and corres- mercially buildings and room numbers practically a new official posi- pondence, reviews and ab- lars and cents, 40 lines) on the provided for this purpose and tion has risen more and more in stracts, reports and quotations, cover of which is the name of conversely his building and prominence and importance. proceeding's of societies and a investigator or class and room number is added on a list This is the position previously the department of educational of expected investigators fur- designated the "P e r s o n in also the building and the num- notes and news. nished by the Business Office. Charge" during the absence of of the room occupied. In ber This list is typed with intervals the Chemist. The initial im- Annual Subscription $5.00; single copies 15 cents. this book the investigator, or in after each initial letter so as to pulse to this increased impor- the case of a class the instruc- provide for additional names in tance was due to the enforced approximately their proper tor, writes a list of the supplies absence of the Chemist during SCIENCE buildings needed stating definitely num- places. The various the session of the summer school indicated by initials and are A weekly journal, estab- ber, sizes, quantities, formulae are of Columbia University when he as follows: Brick Building B. B., lished in 1883, devoted to the if necessary etc. with the date. began teaching in it some dozen advancement of the natural and This may either be hung on the Old Main Building 0. M. B., years ago. A much more impor- exact sciences, the official or- doorknob on the outside of the Piockefeller Building (the small tant cause, however, is the in- building formerly used gan of the American Associa- door of the investigator's room, wooden creasing importance of a real bv Jacques Loeb) Rock. B., tion for the Advancement of whence it is collected daily, or chemist in the Chemical Room Botany Building Bot. B., and Science. For thirty years it may be handed in at the activities. Among these "Per- SCIENCE has been conducted Chemical Room counter. Short Old Lecture Hall Building 0. L. sons in Charge" two names per- by its present editor, and is orders are filled immediately H. B. haps stand out especially. They now generally regarded as the when possible and the order There are naturally a number are Thomas B. Grave 1920-1925, William A. Wolff, the professional journal of Ameri- book either returned to a rack of details and complications in and Mr. can men of science. the wall just outside the present person in charge. The on the management of the Chemi- Chemical Room near the coun- Marine Biological Laboratory Annual Subscription $6.00; cal Room which can not be gone single copies 15 cents. ter or taken back to the investi- is greatly indebted to their con- into here. There may be men- gator's room. The rack in ques- scientious work, their great in- tioned however the General Loan tion consists of a number of terest in the Chemical Room THE AMERICAN Book, alphabetically indexed in slots with each slot numbered and especially their great de- which are entered in the proper below according to the building velopment of its chemical activi- NATURALIST places the articles which are and the number of the room. In ties and usefulness in this line. A bi-monthly journal estab- given out only for a short time, general- the case of longer orders which Providing certain very lished in 1867, devoted to the so that they can be located when reagents can not be filled immediately, ly useful standardized biological sciences, with special needed if not returned immedi- when filled they are delivered may be mentioned as a concrete article reference to the factors of ately. The most hopeless It however be to the investigator's room by a example. must oi'ganic evolution. of this kind is of course the ham- janitor and the order book is said in general that the Chemi- There also be men- Annual Subscription $5.00; either returned with the order mer. may cal Room has been very fortu- tioned the necessity for a Nar- single copies $1.00. to the investigator's room or re- nate in always securing the cotic Book, the law requiring placed m Ihe rack according to services of a staff of assistants distribu- the investigator's wishes As signed orders for the who have been competent and AMERICAN MEN tion of certain drugs coming mentioned before thi ssy.stem conscientious in their work. The the war OF SCIENCE was introduced when the Chemi- under this head. During records of the Chemical Room another somewhat similar book cal Room was still located in the staffs previous to 1915 are not A. Biographical Directory had to be kept for explosives basement of the Old Main Build- available but the following are A fourth edition of this book and certain ingredients for the ing. One advantage of this the staffs beginning with that is now in preparation. There same. system is that it enables the in- year: 1915: W. E. Hoy, Harley are only left about fifty copies vestigator on his retrun each When the Chemist looks back Gould, Carl R.. Moore, Humph- of the third edition which is an successive season to utilize the over the history of the Chemical rey Sugrue. 1916: W. E. Hoy, invaluable work of reference items entered in his order book Room it seems as though the Carl R. Moore, E. E. McMor- for libraries and for all having on previous seasons as memo- process of development, as far land; 1917: Harley Gould, I. J. relations with scientific men. randa for the order he is mak- as his own activity is concerned, Davies, Hoyt S Hopkins, Ernest The first and second editions ing out. When the investiga- consisted in a successive slough- Mahr, Howard Morgan; 1918: were sold out before a new tor's supplies are returned to ing off of various duties, their I. J. Davies, J. E. Kindred, Ho- edition was printed. There are the Chemical Room at the end place being partially taken by ward Morgan; 1919: J. E. Kin- many who need the third edi- of articles are responsibili- dred, Richter, C. C. the season the new more general M. M. tion and should order it now.

checked off in the order book be- ties arising out of the increas- Speidel : 1920 : Thomas B. Grave, Price: Ten Dollars, net, pro- of J. Burish; 1921: fore being returned to their ing size and differentiation Hope Hibbard, postage paid. per places. The writer would fiinction of the Chemical Room. •Thomas B. Grave, Hope Hib- like to mention, apparently quite This process is a familiar one bard, M. M. Richter; 1922: casually but really quite feeling-, known as the taking up of "ex- Thomas B. Grave. Hope Hib- THE SCIENCE PRESS ly, that investigators are prayer- ecutive work". While there is bard, G. R. Tracy, Lucile Moore fulhj requested to clea,n their considerable truth in the saying, 1923: Thomas B. Grave, Hope Grand Central Terminal plnssware and see that every- quoted sometime ago by a fam- Hibbard, J. B. Lackey, Olga New York, N. Y. thing is in order before their ous college president in one of Osterhout; 1924: Thomas B. supplies are returned to the his reports, that successful ex- Grave, Hope Hibbard, Olga Chemical Room. At the close of ecutive work consists in doing Osterhout, Lucile M. Burns, : —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

'Tiie Cl).ei-ii;cal Room" I certain detail or furnishing be planned by the person wanting

I it, Mr. Hilton can be depended (Cor.tiiiued from Page 4) Fcbom Entomology I upon to improve that plan. A — 3rd Edition With Special Reference to Ecological Aspects Dunlap, Mary Closson, person the nature whose work Mary 5 Plates and 303 Text liluitratior.o. Clcth, $4.00 1925 perhaps makes it less noticed By J. W. FoLSo.\l, Burridge Jennings; Sc. D. (Harvard), Asr,htant Pro/estor of but not less important is Mr. Eulomologn, Thomas B. Grave, Anna Dun- I University of Illinois Arthur H. Bisco who possesses A comprehensive but concise account of insects for lap, Joseph Hale, Mrs. Harnly, use either as a tex^ cr as a guid2 to perioral observation. This ! to an exceptional degree pati- edition has been Marion Maclean, William A. extensively revised and a new chapter on Insect Ecology is givun ' ence, attention to detail, an in- A Wolff; 1926: William A. Wolff, valuable ibiiMiography has been added. Anna Dunlap, Joseph Hale, stinct for system and in general a highly intelligent and skillful Mary Ballard, Dorothea Haas, Galloway Zoology 4th Edition execution of plans for the Pauline Holbert, B. M. Duggar, many A Textbook for Universities, Colleges, Normal Schools Burridge Jennings, Louise Mast. arrangement of supplies in the 255 Illustrations. C'oth, $2.73 By T. W. Galloway, Ph. D., Wolff, Joseph Chemical Room elaborated by Revised by P. S. Welch, Ph. D., 1927: William A. Asr.ociate Professor the Chemist in conjunction with of Zooloyij, University of Michigan Hale. Dorothea Haas, Pauline This te.xt B. inspires a vital interest in animals; an appreciation of Evelyn him. It we pass to another de- the human values Holbert, Elsa M. Keil, oi animals; ability to use the library, the field, and partment refrain the laboratory H. Mekeel, Constance R. Lea- we cannot in individual pursuit of these interests. Betty from mentioning the genial and vitt, Oscar W. Richards, LochLead Spivack, Averill Zimmerman, genei'ously obliging Business —Economic Eritoraology A Class book. 257 Illustrations. R. Mast. In this list the Manager. Mr. F. M. MacNaught. Cloth, $2.75 Louise By William Lochheab, B. year ably assisted foy Miss Polly A., M. S., Emeritus Professor of Biology person in charge for each (Quebec) first. Those named Crowell, otherwise known as The book presents is mentioned euCh materia! as will best help the student in "the Boss". In fact the whole acquiring' -a last are in some cases junior fair •working knowledge of the modern science in economic entomology. It discusses of staff, by which staff of the Business Office the structure, growth and economics of members the insects; who should be included. The fact the identification of insects; injuries to farm, garden and is meant younger members orchard crops; classification should also be mentioned that and description; control of injurious have not as yet entered college. insects. many of the investigators and With the inci-easing size and teaching staff of the Laboratory Reese of the —Economic Zoology 2nd Edition multiplicity of activities have on innum.erable occasions 194 Illustrations. Cloth, staff a certain amount of differ- $2.50 helped the Chemical Room by By Albert M. Reese, Ph. D., Professor of Zoology, its duties has be- entiation of their suggestions and assistance West Virginia University necessary. Accordingly This te.xt makes the come in other ways. It is perhaps economic aspects of the subject the main point are best of attack with morphology habits, etc., certain members who invidious to single out names secondary. attend es- qualified by training but perhaps, confining ourselves chemical Pratt—Manuel of Land and Fresh pecially the strictly to the older investigators, there up so- Water Vertebrate duties, such as, making should at least be mentioned Dr. Animals lutions, etc., others may go over 184 Illustrations. Cloth, $6.00 A. P. Matthews, Dr. Walter E. By Henry the stock and check up the cata- Sherring Pratt, Professor of Biology, Carrey, and Dr. H. C. Bradley. Haverford College, Pen.n. logue entries; others may keep This Finally there should be mention- manual furnishes diagnostic descriptions of the Land and especial eye on the stills, used In-esh Water ed that tower of strength, both Vertebrate Animals of the U. S. together with analyti- in making distill- cal keys by which they can continuously in his expert knowledge and be readily identified and their affinities determined. The region ed water. All of the staff may covered is the whole of the U. S. between willingness to help, our confrere the Canadian and occasionally into Mexican borders. Birds are excluded. be thrown Dr. S. E. Pond. active service, in rush periods, When it is remembered that at the counter, and filling the P. BLAKISTON'S SON CO. longer orders which on account the Chemical Room supplies and & Publishers of their length connot be dis- distributes material not only for 1012 Walnut Street Philadelphia tributed until the following day. several classes of quite different The duties of the person in character from each other but charge, as already mentioned, also for well over two hundred consist in genei-al supervision investigators working in very of the chemical room and mak- many varied lines of research SINCE 18S2 ing up all orders. The writer it is evident that the problems feels that in closing an article presented are quite unique. MAKERS OF of this kind mention should be There is analogly more to the Microscopes and Accessories made of certain persons not in problems presented by the sup- Microtomes the Chemical Room who have plies for a whole university nevertheless been of great assis- rather than for any single Uni- Projection Apparatus tance to it. First and foremost versity department. As far as Photo.-nicrographic Cameras should of course be mentioned the writer is aware these pro- Field Glasses Dr. Frank R. Lillie, the third- blems have, in the main, been Botanical Apparatus of-a-century friend of the successfully met. It might also writer, whose kindly helpful- Photographic Lenses he delicately intimated, when it ness, suggestions, and ready ac- is remembered that some in- Centrifuges quiescence in various Chemical vestigators, Haemocytometers _ e.speeially perhaps Room plans has been a constant those in their earlier careers, do Spectrometers source of strength to this de- not welcome suggestions, that Catalogues partment The Refractometers same charac- diplomacy and tact is a very On Request Colorimeters teristic seems to distinguish his desirable quality in the members recent successor as Director. of the Chemical Room staff. The Other Optical Products Next should be mentioned Dr. M. B. L. obviously cannot pro- Oilman A. Drew to whose gift vide a series of laboratories for successful and practical each equipped on a scale equal planning Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. many of the finest to that seen in eacTi university physical details of the Chemical represented at the laboratory Main Office and Factory: Rochester, N. Y. Room are due. Another person and it is earnestly hoped that whose New York: Park and 42nd Sts. Chicago: 5 No. well-known skill and in- any suggestions made by mem- Wabash Ave. genuity has contributed Bo-.tcn: Washington many bers of the Chemical Room staff 333 St. San Francisco: 28 Geary St. important furnishings to the will not be received as though Chemical Room is Mr. Herbert reflecting upon the ability or Hilton. However carefully a experience of the investigator. :: —— ; ; ——; ; ;: ;

PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

Receipts from the sale ALGAE clay deposits along the coast, of The Coiiecting Net of copies $139.00 and many climbed to the top the clay cliffs and enjoyed lob- weekly publication devoted to Receipts from Adver- weather man has been A The ster sandwiches from this point the Marine Biologi- 333.00 the activities of tising very unkind to the botanists on by cal Laboratory and of Woods Hole in of vantage. Pottery made general. scheduled field trips this sum- the Indians living there was receipts $472.00 Total Thursday July 21 These all BOARD OF ADVISORS mer, but on admired and bought. Cost of printing and members of the Botany depart- day trips add spice to the algae Anatomy, Robert Chambers, Prof, of paper $451.00 ment and the class in algae spent course, and we only wish we had Cornell University Medical School. This leaves a balance of $21.00 a very fine day at Gay Head. time for more of them. Edwin J. Conklin, Prof, of Biology, on the desired side of the led- Quite a few new and interesting Members of the Botany de- Princeton University. ger. Miscellaneous expenses specimens were found by the partment and students were Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of Zoo- have amounted to $136.00. The class. Observations were made hosts at a tea given at the M. B. logy, Yale University. larger items in this sum are on the rather strange-colored L. Club on Friday July 22. EDITORIAL STAFF typing, ^15.00; preparing of the Carpenter shop. $17.00, and Ware Cattell Editor postage, $69.10. This amount ORTHOGENESIS Asst. Editor Dorothy Alexander can be divided equally between Art Editor Hugh Montgomery the eight numbers issued during (Tune:—"The Wearing of the Green") Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn. .General News the season. The sum of $51.00 Oh, what is this we hear today about the chromosomes — Helen S. Morris General News must then be added to our ex- That we must throw them all away and junk our microtomes; Contributing Editors penses for the past three weeks. That the pigeons in the dove-ootes tell us how we came to be, Fogg Sport News This leaves a deficit of only Jack Although the chromosomists rave, and all their coterie. Jelly Fish $30.00. Ward I. Gregg Thus no meaning should be given to the forms of X and Y, Mary Hardesty Embryology With these figures we are well Drosophila with all its genes is but a common fly T. G. Adams Cilia and Cilia satisfied. The average receipts And Anonymous Our Bacia from the sale of copies will not For changes metabolic are the cause of that and this, be lowered in August, and those Business Staff And the Universe was brought about by OR-THO-GEN-E-SIS. from advertising will be greater. Katharine Underwood. .. .Bus. Man. We shall have a sum of money The epidermic markings placed upon the palm and sole, Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. at the end of the year to turn Reveal an inner factor that is given the control. over to the C. N. Scholarship (Application for entry a.-; second-class And the hypothenar patterns shown by him and her and me Fund. Of this fact there can viaticr is pcndiny.) now be no doubt. Are most beautifully graded, showing continuity. When the facts are plainly written on the little-finger pads. The Universal Press And the mai-kings of your thenar bear a likeness to your dad's New Bedford Woods Hole DIRECTORY ADDENDA Massachusetts ADDITIONS We must come to a conclusion very similar to this That the Universe was brought about by OR-THO-GEN-E-SIS. Warren, H. C. prof, of psychology. Scholarship Fund The Princeton. Br. oO.t. Thus in spite of hematoxylin once shed by you and me, We will gather up our paraffin and pitch it in the sea have been so busy that we To the Collecting Net: We We will analyze a pigeon's egg and print our hands and feet, scarcely had time to give It was my privilege and pleas- have And even pawn our miscroscopes to make the work complete. our Scholarship ure to attend the recent Eighth thought to We will study rows of beetles showing slight degrees of change Fund. The lowest amount to be Annual Meeting of the Ameri- 8200.00, but, We will view them through a spectroscope to get their color- raised was set at can Federation of Organizations frankly, in naming this modest range. for the Hard of Hearing. This sum we realize that we are pro- For with the New Biology we arrive at only this federation is composed of over bably over-cautious. Almost That the Universe was brought about by OR-THO-GEN-E-SIS. amount has thirty-one constituent bodies one quarter-,- - of this and its —H. H. Wilder. already been given, and without throughout the country, is the prevention of the expending of any time or purpose the conservation of effort on our part. deafness, SWEET MARIE hearing, and the rehabitilation There are many reasons why of the deafened. This work is It's a question in my mind, sweet Marie, one might contribute to a fund being carried on with coopera- What in annelids you find, sweet Marie such as the one in question. The tion of the U. S. Bureau of you number and confirm all the segments of a worm? oustanding reasons are: Can Standards, the Am. Med. Asso., Do you know the mesoderm, sweet Marie? lending of assis- (1) The and the writer understands, the deserving, but finan- tance to a National Research Council; the Chorus — embarrassed student. cially constituent bodies cooperating Sweet Marie—sweet Marie of bio- (2) The forwarding with their local school boards Tell me what without the lens you can see objects logical research and the and medical men. Among its Do you think you'd better try of the Marine Biological Labor- officers are Dr. Wendell C. With your own unaided eye atory. Phillips, N. Y. C; Dr. Horace To distinguish nuclei, sweet Marie? in rais- Any expense involved Newhart, Univ. of Minn. ; Dr. ing the money will be taken care Gordan Berry, Worcester, Take the carmine from the shelf, sweet Marie of by The Collecting Net. Thus Mass.; Harvey Fletcher, Ph. D., Think to put it back yourself, sweet Marie every cent contributed will be Western Electric Co., and many Take a little frog or fish, put it in a stender dish. used to help one of our deserv- other well known men of medi- Fix it any way you wish, sweet Marie. Chorus — ing students. Checks should be cine and science. Among its Karyokinetic shapes, sweet Marie, made payable to "C. N. Scholar- many activities are: hearing In the anthropoidal apes strange would be; ship Fund". tests for the school, and pre- bit of onion-tip, or a piece or lily-slip, school children, the teaching of Take a Or a salamander's lip, sweet Marie. Introspection lip-reading through the public schools and its own organiza- Chorus — tions, social activities, scholar- Sweet Marie sweet Marie At this time we are able to .ships for the deafened, and eco- — Tell me what without the lens you can see; give approxirnate figures for the nomic and social surveys. receipts of The You can count the chromosomes expenses and .Tulien P. Scott, Pre.sidpnt And the archoplasmic zones; Collecting Net for the first three .St. Louis Loao-ue for the Hard of numbers. Hearing. They're more stylish now than bones, sweet Marie. —! ! : —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

REWARD! SUNDAY SINGING Elizabeth Beetoe, also a grad- ate of Oberlin and now an DR. H. A. WHITE A free subscription to The, The group singing Sunday "invertebrate" will foe a techni- DENTIST Collecting Net will be given to 17, which took cal assistant in the department evening, July Main St. Opposite Post of anatomy at Wesitern Reserve Office the person furnishing informa- place on the roof of the Brick Tel. i)07-2 Falmouth, University Medical School. Mass. tion leading to the identification Building was a very pleasant of the individual who lost the afi'air. The crowd was small, but creases of his white trousers on enthusiastic. More pebbles were the night of July 27. They were scattered over the peanut galery, left in the Eel Pond so that no further catastrophes We learn that a young man will occur, since on the previous Saunders' Books very nicely dressed in white occasion grave fears were felt came down, to the Supply De- that one member of the party (SEE EXHIBIT IN MAIN BUILDING) partment Dock whistling as he would be permanently anchored New Bacteriology Developmental walked. He climbed into the to the roof. It is said that the —by Ford Anatomy (Embryology) little white boat that was moored Laboratory would be held re- I'.y \Villi;im W, Furd, .M. D., Trofes- proceeded to careful- by Arey there, and sponsible in cases of tarring and sor ot liactfi-ioIoK.v, .ScIkmiI of Hy- — •Swne and Puhlic Hi'iilth. Johns Ky Leslie Braiu'ril .Vrey, Professor ly bail out the every last drop of Anatomy at the feathering. HoIiUIns University. Octavo of 10(i» .N'cirlhwestern so that both he and the fair pa;^vs, illustrated. Clotli, $8.30 net. Medical School. Octavo of \'i'A pages Last a group of over with 419 illustrations. (!loth. .^a.oO who was to ac- Sunday net. young damsel Physiology Howell company him could keep their 50 Laboratory workers assem- —by Ily William It. Unwell, I'll. D., M. Anatomy of Nervous two pairs of handsome shoes bled on the upstairs porch of the !>., I'rofessor of Physiology in the .1 o h s System from becoming moist. But, alas, n Hopkins University, Balti- —by Ranson M. B. L. Club for the third sing- nioi-e. Octavo of lOfla pages, contain- By Stephen Waller Kansi.n, M. D., chap was in a mood of care- ing: SOS illustrations, many in colors. Ph. D., Professor of .Anatomy in the this the season. The incident ing of Ninth edition. Cloth, .fi!..'iO net. Northwestern University Medical free carelessness and hummed School, that caused the most amusement Chicago. Octavo of ;j!),5 pages, as he bailed. "And before I Human Physiology illustrated. Second Kdition. Cloth. occurred not long after the %>>m net. khev/ it" we were told confident- group assembled. While they —by Stiles ially, "there was a great splash Nutritional Physiology were singing, two or three late By Percy Goldlhwait Stiles, Assis- and then just a head a-bobbin' tant Professor of Physiology at —by Stiles Harvard University. 12mo of comers entered themselves to the 433 By Percy G. Stiles, .Assistant Profes- up and down." li.iffes, illustrated. Fourth edition. • sor of Physiology at Harvard Uni- already loaded porch swing. To rioih, $2.25 net. Searching inquiries have re- vorsitv. 12ino of ,307 pages, illustra- the horror of those on it and to ted. Fifth Edition. Cloth, $2.2.5 net. vealed little more than the fact Conservation of Nervous the amusement of the rest, the that when the saddened and be- New American chains suspending the swing System—by Stiles draggled shamefacedly -Illustrated Medical form suddenly snapped and the group By Percy Goldthwait Stiles, Assis- crawled out of the Eel Pond he tant Professor of Physiology at Har- Dictionary descended to the floor. For the vard University. 12mo of 272 pages, did not present as neat an ap- illustrated. Third Edition. Cloth, Octavo of 1388 pages, illustrated. next several minutes there was .f2.2.-j net. Edited li.v W. A. Newman Diirland, pearance as before be made his Flexihl.v much more laughing than sing- M. D. Fourteenth Edition. ignominious plunge. Physical Chemistry hound in red, $7.00 net; thumb in- ing. dexed, S7..50 net. There are obvious reasons for —by McCIendon and Medical Biometry this person to conceal his ident- Medes —by Pearl ity ; but there are equally obvious By .T. P. McCIendon, Ph. D.. Pro- By Raymond Pearl, Professor of Bi- reasons why we must know it. fessor of Physiologic Chemistry, and ometry and Vital Statistics in the Grace Medes, Ph. D., Assistant Pro- School of Hygiene and Public We want to send out our best f'S^or ol' Physiological i 'lieinistry. Health, and of Einlogy in the Medi- reporter to interview him. Can University of Minnesota Medical cal Department, .Tohns Hopkins Uni- S<'hool. Octavo of 42.5 pages, illus- versity. Octavo of .3!)3 images, illus- not some one help us? THEC. F. WINGCO. trated. Cloth. S4.S0 net. trated. Cloth, $u.00 net NEW BEDFORD, MASS A PARADOX W. B. SAUNDERS CO., PUBLISHERS West Washington Sq., Philadelphia, Pa. By heck! but them biologists, They sure are most queer. "Finger Bowls" They poke about the pools for scum, We have supplied: And use the strangest gear. A dozen different kinds of Marine Biological Laboratory, 'scopes, Woods Hole, TIME Electric ovens, too is the important factor in all activities T wonder how they eat the mess Oibcrne Zoological Labora- SAVE IT After it's cooked—don't you? tory, Yale by using

I hern one of them dumbbells The Universities of Cincin- The Wistar Institute Bibliographic Service talk. nati, Pittsburg and John= which brings to your table authors' abstracts of all papers about And lafl'ed until I cried Hopkins to appear in the: He says that when germs viul- Journal of Morpiiology and Pliysiolopy tiply Wa will ship anywhere in the The Journal of Comparative Neurologry The American Journal of Anatomy The goll-darned things divide. world. The Anatomical Record Their heads are swelled with The Journal of Kxperimental Zoology Mail orders filled. calculus Aniericiui Anatomical iWemoris And words that make you sick, American Journal of Physical Anthropology Folia Anatomica Japonica (Tokyo, Japan) But this poor fish what I hern Itiological Bulletin ^talk Tlie Journal of Parasitology Don't knew arithmetic Slain Teclinology pH. D. Australian Journal of Experimental Biology and Aledical Science (Adelaide, South Australia) THE C. F. WING CO. Advance Abstract Sheets _-_____- ?3.00 per year THE LEATHER SHOP BibliogTaphic Service Cards -__--__ $5.00 per year 730 PURCHASE ST. Both appear before the complete articles are published Falmouth, Mass. New Bedford, Mass. THE WISTAR INSTITUTE ARTHUR C. EA.STMAN Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland Avenue :: :: :: :: Pliiladelphia, Pa. PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

which we worked, the ships, range was in the waters "Reminiscences o' the Fish whose along the coast for many miles, Commission' and seaward to blue water, were W C DAVIS-COMPANY Edwin Linton Dr. all but parts of the thought Honorary Research Fellow in Zool- which Professor Baird had pro- University of Pcnni-.yivanw. HOME FURNISHERS olocju, jected into the future, and were at Woods Hoie I. Baird simply taking places predestined FALMOUTH MASS (Continued) M in that thought; much as Alice was one of the things in the Red those As the memories of King's dream, according to the which I spent at Woods philosophy of her two amiable summers - FOOD Professor guides, in this case, however, HOME COOKED Hole in the days of the projector of the dream of THAT IS DIFFERENT made to pass m re- Baird are Fish Commission was not tempted to speak of the view, I am if he dreamed, he BREAKFAST the fore- sleeping, and. those who dominated Cantelope, orange or grapefruit as dreamed his dream so well that ground; of such personalities Choice of cereal with cream its realization, which was ef- A. E. Verrill, who Eggs, bacon and ham cooked in any way you wish Professor fected in his day, has suffered the scientific woik Hot toast and usually hot rools or muffins. brought to no more than temporary per- Commission a profouna Dinner and supper are just as good. We serve m?at and desert of the turbation since that day ended. with each meal. Our bread, cakes and pi-£ are delicious. knowledge of the invertebrate Southern $10.00 a week—Spacial rates to M-B-L-ites of our coast, from In 1884 the Residence build- Se Labrador, New England to ing was completed and first oc- K. & G. BAKERY AND LUNCH ROOM on dredging operations, cupied, by Professor Baird and based Woods Hoie, Mass. I860, and con- clerical force, and which began in family, his i to tinued without interruption immediate scientific staff, early to re- the days I am attempting in August. pleasure to be able call (It is a In those days the Commission here that in a letter, to report was extending its work r 25, 1923, and dated January throughout the country, and firm hand, that, al- written in a the executive labor entailed by years of age, he is HOTPOINT ELECTRIC RANGES though 84 activities of fish midnight o. the various until , still working distribution of fish, hatcheries, Electric heat is flameless, uniform in intensity, day of the week) -,1 later, every stocking of ponds and streams, Professor Sidney I. Smith, evenly distributed and easily regulated. Accurate of was becoming .so exacting as to prodigy of industry in himself a occupy the greater part of the heat control means that your favorite dish can be days, with his keen intel- those day. So it was that in these, lovable character; ol made over and over again with uniformly successful lect and which proved to be the closing Rathbun, with his hab- Richard years of the Professor's life, his results. application to the its of close time was more and more occu- hand, which habits work in pied with the details of admin- Cost of cooking electrically is much less than him, and to whom never left istration; to such a degree, in generally supposed. magnificent building, m this fact, that one wonders how he are now met, is in no which we succeeded in keeping so well in degree due; of John A. small touch with the scientific side of CAPE VINEYARD ELECTRIC CO. a philosopher, whose Ryder, the work of the Commission as philosophy rested on the solid Falmouth Hyannis Chatham Oak Bluffs he did. ground of nature, into whose secrets he was inquiring—too So far as I recall there was J early taken, to the great loss of no formal machinery visible in science; of Theodore Gill, who, the administration of the work awakened a sort of awed won-' of scientific investigation. The der in the minds of us younger Professor was never too busy, men by the marvelous range and that he could not find time to The Elizabeth Theatre accuracy of his memory; of G. turn from his desk to advise, Browne Goode, whose brilliant counsel, or encourage any one FALMOUTH, MASS. mind and honest eye attracted who was engaged in scientific whom we inter- us to him, and upon research who desired an HIGH CLASS PHOTOPLAYS naturally looked as the one best view with him. His wisdom led fitted to continue the work of him to leave the initiative with Show Starts at 7.45 — Feature Picture at 8.30 Professor Baird, when the time the investigator himself, al- Short Reels Repeated After the Feature Picture. should come for him to pass on though, now and then, he might to other hands the torch which suggest lines of research, which, A COMPLETE SHOW AFTER 8.30 himself had lighted. Of to call for he to his mind, seemed Saturday Tv/o Shov/s at 7.00 and 9.00 O'clock these and many others I would investigation. He held to the gladly speak, but I am admon- belief that it was not best for Matinees Monday, Wednesday and Saturday at 2.30 i.shed that my subject is "Baird the beginner in zoology to be- at Woods Hole." But even as come too early absorbed in a Monday August 1 the persons whom I have named, narrow problem; rather, he Wed. and Thurs Aug. 3-4 and others with them, walk and thought that the best founda- "FRISCO SALLY LEVY" Matinee Wednesday Only talk and act on the stage of my tion was laid by the beginner's with "THE KID BROTHER" there is still the abid- making himself an authority on memory, SALLY O'NEIL, KATE PRICE, with consciousness that there some natural group of animals. ing _ AND ROY D'ARCY HAROLD LLOYD was a moving force, a quiet but While holding to this view, he persistent directing agency was not in any sen.se dogmatic, present in it all, and that Was -and ever kept an open mind, Friday August 5 the mind of Professor Baird. singularly free from prejudice. Tuesday August 2 In a sense, then, we who were Amid all the distractions of ad- "NAUGHTY BUT NICE" "THREE HOURS" there and were endeavoring in ministrative duties the atmos- with with our several ways to contribute; phere which surrounded him COLEEN MOORE CORINNE GRIFFITH to the main purpose of all this was charged with the stimulat- activity, the laboratories in ing energy of scientific inquiry. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

Reminiscences of the Fish Verrill, who, finding that his unaffected and intelligent inter- Near the end h; had George Commission attempts to enlighten his inter- est, on the part of the visitor, in take him about the grounds locutors, on one occasion were what was going on. which surround the Residence unavailing, had an inspiration, There were other visitors, building, (Continued i'rom Page 8) for a last look, and and told his visitors that he was giants in their day, who did not through the various rooms of paid for it. This was held to be owe their distinction to political the laboratory, As I recall the life at Woods where he had a a quite satisfactory answer. If success; such as Professor E. D. kindly, and not Hole in the summers of 1882- uncheerful word the curious visitors had been Cope, S. Weir Mitchell, and Dr. for every one. 1887, about the only recreation given the William which Professor Baird seemed exact amounts of the Osier, all warm friends Then, on the 19th day of pecuniary rewards of those of Professor Baird. It is a Augustt, 1887, at 3 :45 to allow himself was that which P. M., in whom they saw engaged in pleasure to recall that these the Residence was derived from the relaxation what men building of the they heard was called took the time to sit the U. S. Fish which he found in keeping him- scientific down by Commission, he died. research, it may be that they tables of us young men, and To the prescribed church self acquainted with world af- ser- would sitill have had lingering showed by their intelligent ques- vice, which was read by the rec- fairs, and with current litera- suspicions of the lunacy of such tions, and understanding com- tor of the village church, ture, not even wholly neglecting were people. ments, that their interest in our added the beatitudes which the more evanescent contribu- pro- Sometimes attempts to find out about nounce blessings on the peace- tions. His familiarity with cur- the interest of vis- itors things was genuine. makers, and on those who are rent literature and world events, made itself felt in rather surprising Those of us pure in heart. outside his immediate and mul- ways. According to who returned to Dr. Woods Hole in the tifarious scientific interests, was Andrews, it was at Newport summer of that 1887, were shocked to see that NOTES AND NEWS largely due to the ministry of Professor Sidney I. Smith complained that in the months which had iiiter- The Gilchrist Potter his wife, a woman of remark- certain fair prize, an visitors, vened since we had last seen the Oberlin award able intelligence and humor, and who were watching was made to him at work Professor, the Great Destroyer Madeline Field, who is at pre- of his talented and devoted with his micro- scope, had been busy, and had almo.st sent engaged in daughter. The easy and natu- breathed down the back research work of his neck. And I completed his work. Through at the Laboratory. Miss Field ral conversation at table, and in myself was witness to a July and the first half of August will teach at Simmons the evenings, after the weary- similar incident in College the laboratory on Little we were saddened by the daily for the first semester of the ing, and no doubt often trying Harbor, and heard J. H. sight of the once vigorous coming year, and will follow it hours at his desk, which thes-3 Emerton, a gentle frame, now pitifully wasted, as with graduate work at adoring companions contributed bachelor, who loved Harvard spiders, but was shy of he was wheeled about in an in- Medical school during the second to his daily life, not only sup- women, wail a similar protest, valid's chair by the faithful semester. plied needed recreation, but as a live- ly party of chattering George Butler. Miss Madeline Field will be kept him in touch with the visitors were going In spite of his enfeebled con- teaching at Simmons College for world's best thought. down the stairs. I think that the Professor dition he was still interested in the first semester of this year As the increasing burdens of li.stened to_ accounts of what was going on. I remem- and will then take up graduate administrative work, which he such happenings with almost as much interest ber that following a short con- work at the Harvard University never learned to shift to other as he did to reports of the finding versation with him in July, he Medical School. Miss Field shoulders, and which he brought of new species. advised that Vinal Edwards was the recipient of the Gil- with him into what should have and I should go to Nantucket christ Potter prize at Oberlin vacation, began to tell on Visitors of celebrity, been a who for certain material. this year. him, one can understand the re- came to pay their respects to lief he must have found in fol- Professor Baird, were not in- lowing the adventures of Little frequent. I remember, on one Lord Faunteleroy, and his anx- occasion, the President of the Preprints first four Chapters iety for fear that some disaster United States was there over might befall the author, before night, was given an exhibition CURTIS-GUTHRIE "ZOOLOGY" Available trip on the the story, which was running in Fish Hawk, and the for Examination in Library St. Nicholas, would be finished, process of operating the beam and his relief, when he found trawl was shown him. Now we BOOK READY LATE SUMMER upon inquiry that the manu- younger assistants, coming as script of the complete story was we did from inland, knew noth- A "Textbook of General Zoology," hy Drs. Winterton C Curtis and ing at in the hands of the publishers. first hand about Presi- Mary J. Guthrie of the University of Missouri, is now well through In the early days of the Fish dents and their ways, or of the the press and will be ready for distribution the latter part of the ways Commission scientific investiga- of those who were accus- summer. Preprints of the first four chapters may now be seen in tion was even less understood tomed to be about them. When the library of the Marine Biological Laboratory and a comiplete copy we were than it is today, and it was told that there was to of the page proof will be available early in August. This will give be a collecting trip Professor Baird's wish that vis- in the morn- the many teachers interested in the book as a possible text, an oppor- ing we reported itors to the laboratory should for duty in our tunity to note the scope and method of treatment used by the au- usual unconventional attire. be instructed in the importance By thors. Orders for fall delivery are being received and it is sug- the time the Fish of gaining a knowledge of all Hawk was gested that those desiring to use the book send in their orders as conditions which in any way steaming out into Vineyard soon as possible. affect fishes. Although he did Sound we made the discovery that, This text book is based upon the conviction that General Zoology not say it, I am inclined to sus- officers and crew, and is best taught by the "principles" method and that the way to do pect that the thought was some- everybody else on board, were, this is by the intensive study of a limited number of animals, fol- where back in his mind that we pnch nnd all dressed in honor of lowed by demonstrations of the might now and then be enter- the Chief Executive, all bravely application of these principles. Thus, the frog is used taining congressmen unawares. fl^d. fw^ easy in their minds, to illustrate the structure and functions of the most complex form of animal body, the protozoa as animals Indeed it was no unusual thing except three voung men, who reduced to the lowest terms, for people of influence in public were having all the disagreeable and the hydra as a simple, many-celled organism. The authors believe affairs to visit the laboratory. sopsations peculiar to those that this method is superior to the "phyla" method where each Visitors to the laboratory were who dream of like unpleasant animal is considered primarily as a manv, and of great variety of exnoriences. I remember yet, representative of the group to which it belongs while its general biological aspects are regarded intelligence, if one were to "uite vividlv, the appraising as merely incidental. look the grade them on the nature of the which Professor gave Laboratory Dirctions in Zoology, ($1.50) by the same authors, was us iust before, as it •ciuestions which were asked. seemed to published in 1925, and was designed to accompany this textbook. Questions as to what it was all us. he decided not to present us about, and why, were perennial. tn President Arthur. These proved to be so difficult A visit madp tn the laboratory to answer in a way that satis- hv the wife of President Cleve- JOHN WILEY & SONS Inc. Publishers fied visitors of the sanity of the iRpd. devoid as it was of cere- 440 Fourth Avenue, New York investigators, that, according to T^nnv, made a pleasant impres- Dr. Andrews, it was Professor sion on us, and left a memory of ' —

PAGE TEN THE COLLECTING NET

now about where the Chaldeans The address at the opening of "What Limits Size' Dr. Geor3:e H, Greerte were when they made their sur- , the Laboratory was given July DENTIST Heavens. vey of the |7_ i^^g^ ijy Dj-. Whitman the (Klici'. Xrarlv OppiisiU' St. Biiriialisis from Page 2) j (Continued McniM.i:.! CluH-clL in Finally, the speaker described Director. It may be found FALMOVTII, MASS.

nature of the polari- - 1-4 the 1) .M. : -M. The speaker next outlined his briefly jj^g Report to the Trustees fo)- Hours: A. 1^ M. V. copic apparatus he is using and iv,-i.l,..i,.. :;.-, bio-equation by means of which 1888. Those present were: Mr. hopes to devise for the study of obtained a mathematical Van Vleck, a Penikesian, C. M. there is the excessively minute birefring- Dr. Minot, expression of an organism or cnts existing in living cells, and Clapp, a Penikesian, SANSOUCi part of an organism, an equa- rcncluded with an earnest ap- Prof. Sedgwick, Dr. Gardiner, devotion of a very BARBER SHOP tion after which, as he said, you peal for the Miss Gushing, Miss O'Grady, E. large sum of money to the im- Expert Bobbing can write "Q. E. D." in the same 0. Jordan, Miss Harris, Miss provement of the microscope, WOODS HOLE, MASS. written after a Mulford, Mr. Washburn, Mr. sense that it is stating his belief that nj money other persons demonstration in geometry. devoted to any conceivable hos- Fay and a few deal of mathema- pital or other similar philan- from the town. As a great II;iril\v:ir ' raiiits :hh1 VaniislR's possi- thropic institution could I was located and tics as is used in genetics was As soon as CHARLES T. EASTMAN bly approach the service that inasmuch as the Laboratory was opened I FAL:i£OrTH. MASS. merely alluded to, rendered mankind by might be Pluino OrikTS Tromptly Pflivorerl particular matter is often had to decide what work I should this improvement of the microscope, Tt'l. 407 discussed nowadays, and it was, the instrument that has proba- begin. The question was Kitclu n runiisliiiii^s lili'iiwood Uaiiffcs therefore, assumed to be fami- bly contributed vastly more to should I enter as a student or as the advancement of mankind the liar to all. an investigator. I think than any other invention of from the rv^^r^'^^Q^YV-hitman in regard Next a passage modern tmies. A long study ot to the way to study really set- speaker's address given as the the possibilities convinced him THE SEA ROBIN tled the matter and I became an annual address before the Aus- that the microscope is still cap- Directly on the Sound investigator. tralasian Association for the able of great improvement and that such improvement will Club Breakfasts . . 30c up Advancement of Science, 1892, The next question was. What make possible the investigation Also Dinner, Tea, and was repeated in order to pic- subject should I investigate. The of problem.s involving what ap- Supper ture graphically the range of published work of pear to be the critical relation- recently frequencies from to infinity, Amia, done at the between light and life, a Allis en MRS. CRITTENDEN dis- ships and this was followed by a Aiiis' Laboratory, lead Whitman region of research at present' Attractive WcekSy Rates the manner in which cussion of beyond reach mainly because of to consider further study of mathematics of frequencies he Tel. 667-3 the the limitations of the micro- that subject desirable. So is "invading" biology, the ex- I take for my scope. The use of the frequen- recommended that periments of Schneider and investigation The cies necessary for these investi-- subject of Sperti and their colleagues being Lateral Line System of the gations is, at present, probably as suggesting that the coin- cited almost within reach. "The pos- Toadfish (Batrachus tau.) cidence of certain electronic fre- the consent of Party? sibility of "stepping down" the This I did with Beach quencies in the molecules of liv- on higher (super spectrum) fre- Dr. Ryder, who had vv^orked FRESH ROLLS ing matter with those of exter- the first quencies was alluded to as well this subject. This was BACON nal agents are not only of great subject given out at The Marine SAUSAGE as the use of lower harmonic and consequence, but capable of ma- and Allis' STEAKS frequencies. Biological Laboratory CHOPS thematical expression. As the first publication on Amia was this EVERYTHING molecule has become amenable To seek development in shown to me as a model for my to mathematics, the degree of direction, i. e. improvement of work on Batrachus tau. QUICK SERVICE own LOV/ PRICES mathematical exactness that bids the microscope, is shown to be The Journal of Morphology was one of the most logical of ef- fair in time to dominate biologj' a new thing in the LTnited States Morrison's Market will be of that degree of exact- forts by the fact that success at that time for the publication ness characteristic of astron- would amount to a further ex- of original work. Woods Hole, Mass. omy, since the ratios of the tension of human eyesight, the I can see Dr. Whitman sitting numerical values in organic mol- most valuable to us of all our down with us, showing us hov/ ecules are of somewhat the physical assets. to draw, telling us about the same order as those in astron- Visit Cape Cod's Largest technique, making us feel that Department Store omy. The Story of Woods Hole time was no consideration; our As a particular instance, a business was only to see and to H. MALCHMAN brief allusion was made to the (Continued from Page 3) get the results. The thoroughly & BRO. polariscopic investi- evi- speaker's scientific spirit which was Thos. Malcliman, Prop. gations of the very small bire- one. One only came from New dent and the complete absence f ringents existing in living cells. England. of sensationalism was shown CLOTHIERS, HATTERS These bodies vary in size from The investigators came from when he honestly told us that and FURNISHERS a very few microns down to and we should not waste our time The Institute of Technology 2. beyond the limits of resolution. with lectures. I was introduc- Main Street Falmouth Rryn Mawr 1. Undoubtedly in this region of ed to his ideas of original work Telephone Connection Mount Holyoke 1. biological research volumes, es- or research, to his methods of Wellesley 1. sentially mathematical, will be work, to the idea, that persis- Vassar 1. written that will read like the tent and completely absorbed at- University of Michigan 1. pages of crystallography, domi- tention to one subject will lepd ROBINSON'S nated by the mathematics of the Professor Sedgwick and his to comprehension of much be- light-frequencies used to ex- wife were staying at the hotel side that. This was a new idea PHARMACY plore what we now call proto- cutting bris, at Quisset Harbor and during to me. Serial section B. W. Prop. plasm. the .summer Professor Sedgwick was new. It opened up a new R. W. Nickcrson, Reg. Phar. aspect of work along biological The speaker alluded to the came into the laboratory almost Falmoutth's Oldest of an engineer that "biolo- every lines. gibe day. He was a trustee Drugstore gists know about enough mathe- and had been most influential in The atmosphere of that la- First-class Imported matics to make change and that starting the Laboratory. I re- boratory was an inspiration; the Drugs and is all", and himself suggested, member that he gave us a talk days were peaceful and quiet; Toilet Articles using astronomy as a "measur- on the Sundew, a plant which he there were no lectures nor any- A Registered Pharmacist ing stick", that mathematically discovered grew plentifully in thing else to distract the atten- Always on Duty speaking, biologists are perhaps the region. tion from the work in hand. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN

History Of Woods Hole CILIA AND CILIA taxonimist has neglected to mention that hysteria hethering- is Theme Used By Artist tonensis can be detected by queer RIDE THE Having left our first despond BUS sounds that resemble the English plateau, stimulated by (Continued from Page 1) we were words "Marvelous! Marvelous! TO FALMOUTH an interesting lecture on Free- Simply ripping!" The taxoni- It costs less than to and the wharf was made of Living Amoeba by Professor mist must not be taken too seri- Schaeffer of the University of thirty foot poles corn-cobbed to- ously as the writer believes that drive your own car. Kansas. As a Proteus guiding gether in a square, dowelled in Ehrenberg's spirit still pre- his sea calves. Professor Schaef- vails. and filled with stones. fer has kept an oagle eye ou his B. R. NICKERSON Another peripherally ciliated The next canvas memory of flock of amoebae. His observa- form might be described as hav- WOODS HOLE, MASS. around 1840 conclusions Woods Hole was tions and lesulting ing a round head, had Ehren- have caused almost as much dis- on the site of the Penzance gar- berg been reading a history of comfort as the judge who age. A magnificent 400 ton Cromwell the night before he awarded the golden apple at whaling vessel was built there made these observations. Just that ancient beauty contest. In When Looking for Reliable on the pier directly over the now it is rarely ever found in other words. Amoeba proteus Merchandise Try water and when the ship was the laboratory, Ijeing now classi- is not what it was formerly con- ready for sailing the owner in- fied among the "Four Hundred". ceived to be. Seven forms have geniously removed part of the Its life cycle can be studied best ARENOVSKl'S been singled out of which one is at night. wharf and let the boat slide into Beware of Lacry- classified as Amoeba proteus. Est. 1832 Phone 410 like a skiff. This maria dolor to be changed to the water Thus amoebae are being more which Mr. Giflford has Lacrymaria laetitia after August The Home of event specifically classified so that painted occurred about ten first. Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing when Ajnoeba proteus is men- years before he was born. Lamson & Hubbard Hats tioned, a definite concept can toe Printzess Suits, Coats and In the pre-railroad days of formed and discussed. Water Sports Hole of 1845 Little Har- Dresses Woods On the other hand many ob- heathy stage- (Continued from Page 1) Everything bor boasted a servers think that amoebae will in the Way of Sport coach traffic. Travellers would Clothes not be able to be classified due put up at Joe Parker's prim look- suits of each event will be an- to the varied vicissitudes of Walk-Over Shoes ing tavern with its second story nounced promptly from the their life histories. Still Pro- on the float. Contestants will be sum- Satisfaction Guaranteed or porch and a watch tower fessor Schaeffer has confirmed roof. of the houses that moned by the announcer to the Money Refunded Five his species to a certain degree to the tavern float a few minutes in advance Falmouth -:- .:- M^ss. stood on the road by complement fixation tests still there; Mrs. Purdam's of the event in which they are are after the manner of Nuttall. home, Miss Josephine Fish's, entered, thus avoiding all pos- It is of interest to report that Miss Sarah B. Fay's, and Miss sible delays. James Harvey Robinson, author Fanny Robinson's home. The Posters announcing the Water of "The Mind in the Making" old Bradley house was later Sports will be displayed in con- HUDSON-ESSEX can be seen plugging away at moved to a site near the laboi'- spicuous places well in advance his desk in the laboratory. MOTORCARS atory. and will advise the contestants The class taxonomist has been In the relatively modern times to hand in their names, together We have several good second busy trying to classify seven- of Mr. Gifford's youth Woods with the event or events w'hich hand cars for sale. teen or eighteen forms that have they plan Hole was a busy little town, its to enter, to a desig- come to his notice. It has been shores dotted with houses; its nated official. a difficult task, tout following The Crocker Garage back yards (where there were Following are the events Professor Schaeffer's example, Corporation, Inc. yards) undulating which have been schedul- back became he makes a good try. corn fields shaped in with stone ed, in the approximate order of The most outstanding organ- Fain nth Mass. fences. There was a grist mill, their occurrence on the pro- ism first to be classified was a a candle factory, a guano works, gram: member of the Ciliata difficult a cooper's shop, a fish drying Boys' Race : 12 years and under to place because of its numer- industry and a whaling fleet. (25 yards) ous anterior cilia and enormous Follow the Crowd to But Mr. Gifford. pondering these Girls' peristomio cirri, to say nothing Race: 12 years and under things, remarked, "There was- yards) DANIELS' of its rigid body. A study of (25 n't anythinij doing here before for Home-made Ice Crean its life history has revealed that Boys' Tub Race: 12 years and the 'Biological' came. I'm glad Delicious Sandwiches, it sporulates frequently. These under Coffee it's here!" ciliated spores are usually found Girls' Tub Race: 12 years and I'ifMC Li.\'rin:s on the tennis court. One obser- under_ OUR BACIA ver on an ofl^ day observed these Junior Boys' Dive : 16 and spores in a degenerate cycle as- under The lectures in the Physio- sociated with the horseshoes Junior Girls' Dive: 16 and under IDEAL Boys' Race: 15 and under logy course are being carried on west of the wooden laiboratory. (50 RESTAURANT In some forms endomixis has yards) by Professor Miohaelis who con- Girls' 15 been observed ; ectomixis can- Race: and under (50 Main Street Woods Hole tinues the in physical work not be hoped for. Most obser- yards) chemistry on Tuesdays, Wednes- vers however hold that this Senior Boys' Dive: over 16 days and Fridays. Dr. Fenn is form is free living. It so resem- years Compliments of lecturing on the other three bles Dysteria of the Holotrichida Senior Girls' Dive: over 16 years days on "varied response", that it has been named Hysteria PENZANCE GARAGE hetheringtonensis. Boys' Race (Dash and Long Dis- particularly of muscle and nerve, WOODS HOLE, MASS. Still another variety of Cilia- tance) : over 16 Day or Night A. L. A. to changes in oxygen and other ta has been described as Girls' Race (Dash and Long Dis- ante- Phone 652 Towing external factors. "iorlv. peripherally ciliated and tance) : over 16 On July 21 Dr. Redfield gave is usually found in the finger Relav Races a special lecture in which he- bowls of the laboratory, more Cone Tilts mocyanins were ably discussed. often, however, on the beaches. SAMUEL CAHOON These copper-containing pig- The "tyro" who is anxious to Helen Te Winkol (Oberlin Wholesale and Retail Dealer in ments are under investigation, follect mav be the fir.st to detect '26 ( has been appointed labor- FISH AND LOBSTERS as they offer a more readily con- Strcmbonium morrisiana by a atory assistant in physiology at Tel. Falmouth 660-661 trolled group than the haemoglo- ^^ecifilized bark which resem- Mt. Holyoke for the next college Woods Hole, Mass. bins. bles the mammalian cough. The year. :

PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET EMBRYOS ANOTHER TRIUMPH IN Spt-nct-r Currents in the Hole MiiTosc'opo Dr. Graves' guidance MICROSCOPE CONSTRUCTION No. 7H Under with we began the fourth week by At following- hours the current Conilnn.-ition THE NEW Body pursuing the squid from the in the hole turns to run from Buz- cradle to the grave. Being an z:irus £)ay to Vineyard Sound: the extremely obvious thing A. M. P. M. SPENCER micrcpyle was seen easily and Ju'.y 30 6:13 6:29 COMBINATION BINOCULAR the variegated chromatophores Ju!v 31 6:57 7:11 7:41 7:59 and MONOCULAR BODY made our drawings look all the Aug. 1 Aug. 2 8:26 8:47 the comic strip in the TWO IN ONE more like Aug. 3 9:10 9:31 paper. Sunday Aug. 4 9:59 10:20 Changes from binocular to monocular 10:33 11:06 Nereis and Crepidula with Dr. Aug. 5 vision and vice versa as easily and 11:27 11:56 Packard as sponsor made their Aug. 6 quickly as from one objective to an- other on a nosepiece. debut in the embryologj' lab. In each case the current on Thursday. They are com- changes six hours later and runs With the new Comibination body all from the Sound to the Bay. tho possibilities of both eyes greater plete social successes, in fact — brilliancy of field, critical has gone dizzy over resolution everyone and definition, ease and comfort of Crepidula. DAWSON HEADS vision, stereoscopic effect, etc.—are at Dr. Rogers' grand finale was HORSESHOE TOSSERS the command of the operator. made when on his last day in It is no longer necossary to bother lab. he was explaining some- with two tubes. Shown at our '-. - Tournament In Full thing in Dr. Conklin's lecture Annual Laddci- EXHIBIT IN LECTURE HALL AUGUST 2nd to 12th and ended by saying "It cer- Swing As Seascn Wanes tainly seems to work according Dr. J. A. ("Art") Dawson student to Hoyle". One puzzled was the proverbial "popular SPENCER LENS COMPANY gave an agonized look and said, champion" during the week of Manufacturers "But it was Conklin who dis- July 18th, successfully defend- Microscopes, Microtomes, Delineascopes, Optical covered it, wasn't it?" Glass, Optical Measuring Instruments, in Dr. Baker's lecture on "Tis- ing his title as No. 1 man Dissecting Instruments, Etc. sue Culture" with its slides and the Annual Horseshoes Ladder BUFFALO, N. Y. movies was the first thing that Tournament against no less than that tired look BRANCHES: NEW YORK, BOSTON, (CHICAGO, SAN FRANCISCO has chased away four challengers. In only one from the hard working students. of these matches did Dawson These attempts to prove Tho- mas A. Edison's theory that man lose a game, namely, in his tiff does not need sleep, have met with Frank Swett, who took the the same result as many other first game 21-13. All his other research problems — complete victories were clear-cut and de- failure. Miss Baker of the cisive. Rockefeller Foundation has done ranking of the contestants an interesting piece of work on The Microscope tissue culture, studying especi- at present is as follows: ally the nutrition of the growing 1. J. A. Dawson Lamp cells. 2. 0. L. Inman After numerous visits to the Swett F. H. with dark room Gonionemus has E. A. Martin iris diaphragm finally been prevailed upon to J. W. Wilson lay eggs. The race for the lob- A. H. Sturtevant and focusable ster dinner which Dr. Plough D. E. Lancefield condensing lens. has promised to the one who suc- 8. L. Hoadley Lamp with tilting pin in position ceds in raising a larval form The principal change in this with more than three arms, has Microscopists prefer this lamp because of the convenience of the order during the past week was begun. iris diaphragm, the focusable condensing lens and the well diffused brought about by Swett, who light. Dr. Just's lecture on "Ferti- moved up to No. 3 position by lization" is scheduled for this his win over Earl Martin. In- coming week and there is a pos- PALO COMPANY man prevented Swett's further sibility that we may soon hear Apparatus for Industrial and Laboratory Use advance by beating him in Dr. Galtsoff tell about oyster 153 WEST 23rd STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. straight games, 21-17, 21-17, spawning. thus retaining his own post at No. 2. Corporation Meeting Following are the outstanding championship matches for the The annual meeting of the week of July 18th: Corporation of the Marine Bio- July 18—Dawson d. Swett: 13- CENTRIFUGES logical Laboratory will be held 21, 21-7, 21-10. in the auditorium of the labora- Julv 20 Dawson d. Martin: INTERNATIONAL EQUIPMENT CO. tory at Woods Hole, Mass., on — 21-10, 21-12. Tuesday, August 9th. at. 12 352 Western Ave., Boston, Mass. o'clock noon for the election of July 21—Inman d. Swett: 21- These Centrifuges developed to meet, in a practical officers and trustees and the 17, 21-17. were transaction of such business as July 22—Dawson d. Lancefield way, the varied requirements of many laboratories. They may come before the meeting. 21-6, 21-0; Dawson d. Hoad- are made in several sizes, with capacities ranging from ley: 21-14, 21-13, Swett d. two tubes of 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, Coast Guard Day will be Martin: 21-19, 21-5. and with i-elative centrifugal forces up to 3800 times observed on August 4, and elab- gravity. orate plans have been rriadc Elizabeth H. Parsons, a grad- for its celebration at Base 18, uate of Oberlin and now a mem- Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory including a special banquet at ber of the embryology class here, Sizes. which Congressman Charles L. has been appointed graduate as- Gifford will be a speaker. sistant in zoology at Wellesley. —

KuhNcription $i.2^ Volume II HOLE, MASS.. SATURDAY, AUGUST 6, 1927 Number 5 WOODS CLUB PLAYS ARE REMINISCENCES OF THE THE GENE AND THE ONTOGENETIC PROCESS GIVEN SATURDAY FiSH COMMISSSION Frank R. Lillie For several years the M. B. L. Professor of Zoology, University of Chicago Social and Tennis Clubs have Dr. Edwin Linton Dr. LilUe delivered a lecture bearing the above title on the evening of July combined to give an annual en- Honorary Research Fellow in Zool- 22. The author's STjmmary and a review of the paper follow. tertainment consisting of one- ology. University of Pennsylvania act plays, music and variety 11. Early Days critical, to numbers. This year a gala per- The presentation involved two aspects : first, Some years ago, in an even- formance has been arranged for offset the conception especially as presented by (joldsmidt in ing lecture before the Marine Saturday evening, Aug. 6, at his "Physiologische Theorie der Vererbung", but also outlined 8:30, in the M. B. L. Auditor- Biological Laboratory, I gave by others, that the theory of the gene may be developed into a ium. some reminiscences of the -complete theory of the organ- Second, constructive, to In order to meet the varied Woods Hole Laboratory of the Review ism. tastes of the members of our seek by correct definitions the Bureau of Fisheries. This lec- large and complex community BY Leigh Hoadley respective roles of the physio- ture was published in Science to please the high-brow, the low- Assistant Professor of Zoology, logy of development and gene- 737-753. Also in brow, and the omni-brow, and vol. 41; pp. Harvard University tics in the life history. It was vol. 25-34, there Science, 48 ; pp. pointed out in the introduction to do it in one evening—^a diver- Those who heard the lecture is published .471 Appreciation of sified feast will be laid before that the conception of a single Spencer FuUerton Baird, in of Prof. Frank R. Lillie a week them, and it is predicted that he theory covering both genetics which reference to his work at ago Friday evening had proba- will be a most ardent pessimist and the physiology of develop- Woods Hole is made. In the bly anticipated a comprehensive and misanthrope who will not ment is a reversion to the uni- two issues of The Collecting Net discussion of this subject by one thoroughly enjoy some part if tary conceptions of Darwin and which precede this issue there who has been in intimate con- not all of the program. There Weismann, and it was maintain- appears a paper which was pre- tact with of the import- will be two one-act plays, in- much ed that work since their time pared for a special occasion, the strumental music of a high ant work on the physiology of has led, and is still leading, to title of which paper is: Baird order, and several vaudeville development, and one who has a sharp separation of these two at Woods Hole. numbers accompanied by, and made definite contributions of disciplines. interspersed with, appropriate In complying with the edi- a very high character to its Since as a result of modern music. tor's request that I write some fundamental concepts and investigations genetics has be- hypotheses. The first play will be a drama- of my recollections of the Fish Nor were they dis- comes quite a unitary science, tization of a scene from Booth Commission at Woods Hole for appointed. while physiology of develop- Tarkington's famous book "Pen- The Collecting Net, it is not my After mentioning the diver- ment is at most a field of work, rod and Sam", entitled: "Con- intention to make much use of gence of schools which followed it was considered advisable to cerning Trousers". All the material already published, al- the overthrow of the determinis- proceed by an examination of v^ork on this play—^the adapta- though, naturally, as I attempt tic hypothesis of Weismann, the necessary concepts of tion, directing, scenery, and to recall memories of times past, Prof. Lillie emphasized the dif- phsyiology of development, fol- (with one exceptioii^ the act- the same persons, and doubtless ferences which exist today be- lowed by an inquiry into the incidents ing—is being clone 'by an en- some of the which tween the schools dealing pri- relation of the theory of the thusiastic junior dramatic group came to the front in my publish- marily with nuclear or cytoplas- gene for each concept. reminiscences will again ap- the oldest of whom is thirteen ed mic phenomena, and then show- The concepts considered were on the stage. years old. pear ed the importance of recognizing those of the germ, of individu- (Continued on Page 11) It was in the summer of 1882 both aspects to any adequate ation, and of differentiation in that I had my first experience theory of development. This its two aspects of embryonic m. ^. %. Calendar with the U. S. Fish Commission. was nicely expressed in the dis- segregation of potencies and of I had just finished a year's cussion of the fundamental con- realization of potencies. Saturday, Aug. 6 graduate study at Yale where cepts which were presented as 8:30 P. M. Omitting in this abstract the M. B. L. Club Plays. Auditorium. most of my work had been with an introduction to the develop- definitions of the germ and of Admission: 50 cents and $1.00. Professors A. E. Verrill and ment of the main theses. These, individuation, embryonic segre- Sunday, Aue:. 7 Sydney I. Smith, both of whom viz., the germ, individuation and gation was characterized as fol- 9:00 P. M. differentiation i. e. the origin of Informal Singing. lows : Upstairs on the (Continued on Page 8) M. B. L. Club porch. embryonic segregates together 1. Its' action proceeds from the Monday, August 8 with the elaboration and reali- more general to the more special 12:00 M Corporation Meeting zation of potencies of the final in a definite sequence which is End of Class Work. term, lead to several conclusions Monday, August both dichotomous and discon- 8 The annual meeting .of the which are extremely important Concert: Woods Hole Choral So- tinuous. Corporation of the Marine Bio- ciety. M. B. L. Auditorium. to an adequate conception of de- 2. This results in a progres- Tuesday, August 9 logical Laboratory will be held velopmental processes. sive genetic restriction, of a 12:00 M. the auditorium of the labora- in I do not wish, nor is it my more or less fixed kind, in the Annual Meeting of the Corpora- tory at Woods Hole, Mass., on place, to review the definitions primordia established. tion of the Marine Biological thus Tuesday, August 9th, at 1.2 Laboratory. which were given, but there are 3. These processes exhibit de- Friday, August 12 o'clock noon for the election of certain qualifications which I finite order, (a) in time, (b) in "p. officers and trustees and the 4:00-6:00 M. wish to emphasize. In the first space, i. e. localization in the Tea. Investigator. M. B. L. Club. transaction of such business as may come before the meeting. (Continued on Page 5) (Continued on Page 4) PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

(of a food-problem, than by listening to mere verbal other so as to reach suspended I a problem T..E BEHAVIOR OF without the capacity explanation. There was abun- food, it required a long period [at least), GORILLA BERINGEI these dant evidence of this in the pre- of trial and error before she for mentally combining sent instance, in the reception of advanced to the three-box stage. elements—both factors being EVENING LECTURE except the pictures following Dr. One of the most illuminating essential to the solution, pro- Yerkes' lucid description of his Robert M. Yekkes "passages" in the lecturer's by a long trial and error of this com- experiments. Professor o; Fsychology, films shows Congo seated on a cess. The absence Yale Universitii two-box elevation, holding a bining capacity in the problem her lap, and gazing appears to be somehow connect- Reviewed by Howakd C. Warren third-box in TIDAL CURRENTS the with her lack of ability to Professor of Psychology, alternatively at this box and ed which is Princeton Unnersity suspended food. There were imitate—an ability In navigating coasts where the toward possessed in a marked degreeby attempts to lift the box tidal range is considerable, is well other prim- Professor Yerkes the food, to hold the box in mid- chimpanzees and psychologists as of the special precautions are neces- known among air and at the same time to ates. The performance foremost investiga- the experi- sary. It should be remembered one of the mount upon it; she failed entire- necessary action by behavior. He has helped Congo in that there are all tors of animal ly to generalize the act of "put- menter never indrafts into first-hand studies of toward the made many fiting box on box". And ag<^.in, any observable way bays and bights, although the species and is author of solution of a problem. This various after learning to untwist a long general set of the current is par- the Dancmg Dr. Yerkes a monograph on chain wound ir and out of a lack of imitativ^ness his lec- allel to the shore. The following Mouse. In beginning many-trunked tree to which attributes to the gorilla's inabil- warned the the pointers are gleaned from The ture Dr. Yerkes Congo was usua'dy tethered, she ity to focus her attention on interested activi- United States Coast audience that, though was unable to perform the same mechanism of extraneous Guard Pilot behavior, he is was in the study of Glieration when removed to any ties—in every case she iSaction B.) be classed as a behavior- the food, not the ex- not to other tree. watching (1) The turn of the tidal cuiTent latter term is applied procedure. ist. The Curiosity was a prominent perimenter's off shore is seldom coincident with the to a philosophical theory, which time of high and low water on the trait. The mirror brought this On the other hand, the sub- scientific investigation m shore. limits characteristic especially to the ject showed a remarkably long ex- (2) At the entrance to most har- the field of psychology to the fore. The films showed Congo memory, or delayed reaction, as bors without important tributaries of of actions and con- amination gazing steadfastly at her own compared with other animal branches the current turns at or soon ruling out altogether the duct, reflexion for long periods, tap- species. She could find buried after the times of high and low water conscious phenomena. within. The diurnal inequality in the study of or pressing her a period of three ping the mirror food after velocity of current will be proportion- Dr. Yerkes is not in sympathy face against it, occasionally hours, whereas for mammals be- ately but half as g-reat as in the, this doctrine. He claims with behind or dashing back primates the experiment height of the tides. Hence, though ani- peering low the the privilege of studying the heights of the tide be such toward the supposed compan- fails for intervals longer than may mal consciousness, and of using as to cause the surface of the water ion. Only in this particular a few minutes. This, again, sup- mental terms freely in describ- to vary but little in level for 10 or 12 problem and in problems con- ports our suggestion of a deli- hours, and flow will be much more the behavior of subhuman ing nected with food-getting did she berative ability, or at least some regular in occurrence. species. manifest sustained interest. Ac- mental process of similar na- (•5) A swift current often occurs The lecture was a report, in narrow openings beitween two cordingly, most of the investi- ture. pictures, bodies of water, because the water at illustrated by motion connect- gations reported were The lecturer dwelt on the ap- a given instant may be at different of the behavior of a young go- ed up with the subject's secur- parent general mental inferior- levels. rilla observed under careful con- her food supply. (4) Along most shores not sei-- Yerkes, ing ity of the gorilla to the chim- trol conditions by Dr. iously affected by bays, tidal rivers, There was little evidence of panzees on which he has made in January, 1926, and again a etc. the current usually tui'ns soon mechanical ability. Food was long and careful investigations. year later, in January, 1927. after high and low tides. placed in a box, the lid closed might raise the question in Apparently the first historic One (5) Where there is a large tidal and secured with hook, padlock this connection, how far this basin with a narrow entrance the reference to the gorilla was by or other simple device. Even particular specimen Congo, is ' strength of the current in the en- Hanno, a writer of the fifth cen- trance may occur near the time of the simple act of removing a typical of her species. It may tury B. C. There are uncertain high or low water, and slack water hook from the hasp was that are dealing with a references by Battell (1625) curved be we at about half tide, outside. long period is and Monboddo (1774). and a reached only after a subnormal individual. It un- (6) The swiftest current in In this and other was straight portions of tidal rivers is recognizable description by of fumbling. fortunate that Dr. Yerkes respects the gorilla showed not able to check up her be- usually in the mid-channel, but in Bowdich in 1819. The first curved portions the strongest current marked contrast with chimpan- havior with at least one other scientific description was pub- is toward the outer edge of the curve. zees previously tested. specimen of the same species. lished by Savage and Wyman in (7) CountFrcorrents and eddies However, in the absence of any 1847. Even today little is Several experiments were de- may occur near the shores of straits, of disorganization in be- especially in bights and near points. known about the live gorilla, vised involving the use of tools. marks Tide rips and swirls in our knowledge of the genus Placed in a cage, with food just havior, one is prabably justified (8) occur and places 'Where string currents occur, beyond her reach outside, Congo in assuming that the subject is confined to the more common caused by a Change in the direction observed represents, in a gener- species. Gorilla gorilla. The was able after a time to use a of the current, and especially over al way, the mental level of other .species, G. Beringei, is stick to "coax" the food within shoals or in places where the bottom is uneven. Such places sihould comparatively rare and occupies reach. It required much longer Gorilla Beringei. The experi- be avoided if they are at the same time a short stick to ments were carefully planned a very limited habitat in Central to learn to use exposed to a heavy sea, especially get a longer stick with which and may be accepted as giving East Africa. The subject of I with the wind opposing the current. investigation was a the food could be reached. An- a true picture of tlie subject's When these conditions are at their Dr. Yerkes' | worst the water is broken into heavy Congo, practi- other experiment involved run- mentality. female named choppy seas from all directions, ^Vhich ning a long pole through a pipe cally the first specimen of the Dr. Yerkes' lecture demon- board the vessel, and also make it species to be kept alive in cap- in the center of which the food strated conclusively the value difficult to keep control, owing to the tivity for any considerable time. had been placed, and pushing of the moving picture as a means baring of the propeller and rudder. In general, Congo's behavior the food out at the far end. The for studying animal behavior. -was characterized by slowness films show instances of the go- A passing phase may be caught Dr. W. Mansfield Clark, at •of movement, and lack of sus- rilla pushing the pole along out- find reobserved as often as is present Professor of Chemistry tained interest. Most striking side the pipe, while she peered necessary for complete analysis. at the Hvgienic La'boratory of was her inability to grasp total steadily ihrovfih the pipe to The investigator is thus able to the U. S. Public Health Service. situations or to generalize a. sit- observe the effect. After these .examine incidental conditions Washington, D. C. has accepted uation. For example, after futile efforts, she rolled over on and circumstances connected the position of Professor of learning to use a drinking cup, her back in an attitude indicat- with an act. It is useful also Physiological Chemistry at the she was unable to transfer the ing utter fatigue, despair, or for demonstration. An audience School of Medicine of The Johns common elements of the situa- meditation. will reach an understanding of Hopkins Hospital. tion to the use of a milk bottle, This and other attitudes sug- the various modes of activity, and for a long time managed to gest to the reviewer that the and appreciate the limiting con- The great horror is not in dis- spill most of the contents. After gorilla possesses a capacity for ditions far better, by this pic- covering what man descends learning to place one box on an- deliberating on the elements of torial method of presentation from but in what he descends to. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

LUMINOUS BACTERIA AND PHOTOSYNTHESIS a single match can certainly the presence of luminous bacter- cause no great amount of photo- ia may be utilized as a very deli- synthesis place, yet a cate test for E. Newton Harvey to take oxygen. piece of marine alga immersed Beijerinck in 1902, was the Professor of Physiology, Princeton University in an imulsion of these luminous first to study photosynthesis, Harvey delivered a lecture on July 13 before the Botany Seminar bear- Dr. bacteria will produce enough with luminous bacteria as an ing the above title. A summary of the lecture and a review follow. oxygen to cause a glow when it indicator of the process. Using Summary is subjected to this amount of an emulsion of ground clover light. like evidence of ptuto- leaves, he found that photosyn- BY Charles S. Shoup Review A synthesis can also be found thesis continued when the clover Princeton Unii'ersity BY Conway Zirkle under circumstances where it cells were destroyed, and that Bnssey Institution wouk: hardly be expected to take photosynthesis continued in red Most sea animals develop, place. The liberation of oxygen light and not in blue when the few hours after death, small It is not often that the Botan- a by the exposure to light of electric arc spectrum Avas pro- colonies of luminous bacteria ists can have at one and the leaves which have been ground jected by a prism on the plant, on the surface of their bodies. same seminar a show, an ac- up, frozen and thawed again, IJlva. Molish, in his studies of This occurs before putrefactive count of progress in the investi- dried and again moistened can dried leaves, found that a fil- bacteria have begun activity and gation of a most interesting also be proved. trate of Laminum leaves dried have overwhelmed these other organism and the explanation of It can readily be seen that the four days in air and two days very interesting forms. Such a new and refined method of re- luminous bacteria constitute a in a dessicator could produce peculiar growths were known search, which promises to yield most useful tool for future in- oxygen. This seemed to be an to Boyle many years ago, for h? results in fields far removed vestigation. exception, but in 1925 he found them growing on meat at from that in which it was de- found that the leaves of many ordinary temperatures. Now we veloped. The lecture given by Summary land plants will photosynthesize isolate these organ- Prof. E. N. Harvey on luminous are able to after drying rapidly. isms and transplant them into bacteria was all of these. Any (Continued from Column 1) Dried leaves ground in a artificial media containing a con- phosphorescent organism js a mortar with water, the unfilter- siderable quantity of salt and show for biologists and, when processes. The luminescence, ed mass being added to a sus- adjusted to a decided alkalinity. the lights were turned off, lum- however, only may be reduced pension of luminous bacteria, The medium prepared for this inous bacterial colonies on agar to one-quarter while the respira- will cause a dimunition in the purpose is usually a peptone- slants, bacterial emulsion which tory oxidations are reduced one glow of the suspension in from glycerin-agar in sea-water. In gave enough light to tell time twentieth. five to ten minutes. Upon il- hours an abundant growth by and glowing cultures in pie- Boyle found that a few when a tube lumination the bacterial glow appears in good media and the plates, which were used as Pe- containing a suspension of these again appears, due to photosyn- be handled and tri-dishes, v/ e r e the luminous organisms may shown organism.s was allow- thetic oxygen from the suspen- transplanted in routine bacterio- audience. ed to stand, it shortly became ed chloroplasts. It has been logical technique. dimmed and the glow disappear- Luminous bacteria unlike the found that dried clover leaves ed, only to reappear Luminous bacteria are quite phosphorescent organs of cer- upon vigor- will photosynthesize even after ous shaking with air. harmless, and they may be found tain animals glow continuously The glow three months in this condition. of the bacteria is absolutely within the bodies of some small as long as there is free oxygen de- Frozen leaves will photosynthe- pendent upon forms, such as the sand-fleas available; in its absence they abundance of ox- size again when warmed and im- ygen, and it is for with which we are familiar here lose this luminescence. Thus a this reason mediately tested, but they soon at Woods Hole. Only the salt- culture will serve as an indica- that they constitute splendid in- lose this power. dicators for detecting the pre- water forms are luminous, but tor and will by its glowing in- Luminous bacteria, due to sence of oxygen in these bacteria may infect fresh- dicate the presence of free liquids and at their ability to absorb oxygen the phase-boundary between water animals. Certain lumin- oxygen. as well as to glow in minute liquids and ous shrimps in Japan and a It is of course impossible to gases. It has been quantities of oxygen, are then shown that squid found at Naples, are lum- tell how much of our present a suspension of especially adapted as indicators luminous bacteria begins to inous due to growth within the scientific progress is due to an to study photosynthesis after dim when about body of these organisms. Ani- increasing accuracy of measure- 2% oxygen is plants have been under anerobic present. The flow-meter mals have been injected with ment. Certainly many fields of has conditions for some time. Most been used for luminous bacteria and have been most fruitful investigation, measuring the rnarine algae can photosynthe- amount of oxygen just made to glow for a time, but which were closed to biologists, necessary size immediately on illumina- to produce light. This has been such forms cannot grow in liv- who knew the solutions they in- tion, even when kept in an oxy- found to be .0053 ing mammals, for there the vestigated merely as acid, basic mm. Hg. gen-fiee emulsion of luminoi.s oxygen tension. temperature is too high. Some or neutral, were opened 'by the Consequently bacteria for one half hour. animals have a symbiotic rela- development of a more precise tion with bacteria, as Photople- method of measuring pH. An pharon, the fish with a modified increased delicacy of indicators organ for the continuous growth for other factors is almost cer- TIME of luminous bacteria peculiar to tain to extend our knowledge in is the important factor in all activities the fish itself. fundamental- ways. SAVE IT The importance of oxygen in Luminous bacteria are nob by nniiigr affected by stimulation, except the life process is recognized. The Wistar Institute Bibliographic Service as they become more luminous Its detection in even the most which bring-s to your table authors' abstracts of all papers about when oxygen is added to the minute amounts is necessary to appear in the: medium after partial absence of for the solution of many pro- .Journal of Morphology and PhyBioIo&j- air. Their glow is steady and blems. Are cei-tain anaerobic Tho Journal of Comparative Xeurology The Ainerit-an similar to the glow of luminous organisms really anaerobic or Journal of Anatomy The Anatomical Record fungi, will they tolerate free oxygen rather than to the inter- The .Tournal of Experimental Zoology mittent glow of the firefly or of in amounts smaller than we American Anatomical ^lemoris other luminous forms with have yet been able to measure? American Journal of Physical Anthropology which we are familiar. Lumin- How much light is needed by Folia Anatomica Japonica (Tokyo. Japan) Biological Bulletin ous bacteria are green plants for the assimilation not visible in Tho Journal of Parasitology the sea-water, for there they are of carbon and hence the release Stain Technology dispersed so widely that there of oxygen ? What is the oxygen .instralian Journal of Experimental Biology and are no aggregations of the mil- supplying power of a clay soil Medical Science (Adelaide. South Australia) Advance Abstract lions necessary to give easily three feet under a swamp? Sheets ---...._ $3.00 per year Bibliographic Serrice Cards $5.00 per year visible light. Luminous bacteria The delicacy ...... of these lumin- Both appear before the complete articles are published may be subjected to the action ous bacteria as an indicator is of anesthetics and recover. A shown by the fact that light is THE WISTAR INSTITUTE small amount of will KCN dim produced by only .0053 mm. Hg. Thirty-sixth Street and Woodlajid Avenue :: :: :: Philadelphia, Fa. the light and slow the oxidation oxygen tension. The light from PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

all individual which CHORAL SOCIETY WILL ity of the response lies in the On the other hand in history of the genetics appears implicitly to SOON stage and locus, not in the in- phenotypical realization, i. e. in PRESENT CONCERT exclude. ducing agent, and that the pos- the objective appearance of any sibilities for any induction arc The phenotypic identity of The Woods Hole Choral So- character at any stage, the only two in number. This sim- environmental modifications of genes undoubtedly play a deci- ciety will give a concert in the ple situation is often confused given characters and of gene M. B. L. Auditorium on Monday by two prevalent ideas, the one sive role. The genetic problem modifications of the same cha- evening, August eighth. The that potencies may be more than differs from the embryological racters was then emphasized. at one time and inasmuch as any defin- is explicable on the assump- Choral Society was organized two in number problem This place; the other that the induc- able character at any time in tion that both act on a given last season and during part of ing agent may have determining the life history may be treated ontogenetic process. last season and this summer has value, i. e. be a so-called forma- as final for genetic study, and Physiology of development been working hard under the tive stimulus. The fallacies of examined with reference to its and genetics both teach us the able directorship of Mr. Gorokh- these positions were exposed. modes of recurrence in succes- same lesson, viz, that at the sive generations. One cannot off. Mr. Gorokhoff trained the An adverse position was taken foundation of any given pheno- imagine at the present time any Russian Choir Avhich de- concerning the formative stuff typic event there is an unan- famous experimental technique hypotheses of development gen- other alyzed ontogenetic process, lighted audiences in Woods that would even remotely ap- erally, and also against the which expresses itself in time Hole several years ago. He is proach in delicacy of treatment vague idea of referring develop- by qualitatively different types the superlative refinement of now Professor of Music at Smith ment to autocalysis. Metabol- to of reaction, whether to the en- modifications of the gene sys- College. ism furnishes the energy of de- vironment or to the gene, or to tem that the genetic method This is the un- The program will contain a velopment, but its varying kinds both combined. renders possible. It is an in- are to be regarded primarily as recognized presupposition of all variety of carefully selected dispensible method for pheno- chemical indicators of differenti- studies in either field. This pro- pieces, including Russian and typical analyses, whether in a ations already accomplished cess is deterministic, and open folk sacred a:enetic or a physiological sense. Scotch songs, and and only secondarily, as in the to observation and experiment But it has its limitations, physi- music. case of hormones, as factors of like everything else occurring in ologically considered, arising differentiation. nature. from the necessary finality of The life history exhi- The processes of ontogenetic Fisheries Thursday treatment of any character, and bits a duality expressed in the segregation may lead to closed Night Round Table from our complete ignorance associated phenomena of onto- terms their i. e. at end, tissues either of the chemical nature or geny and genetics: on the one and cells said to develop by self- mode of action of the genes. ' The staff and investigators of hand the genes which remain the differentiation ; or in certain The necessary postulate of same throughout the life his- the Bureau of Fisheries Lab- lines of ontogenetic segregation genetics is that the genes are al- tory, on the other hand the onto- oratory met for the regular the terms may remain open, and ways the same in a given indi- genetic process which never the cells retain a double potency weekly discussion of research vidual, in whatever place, at stands still from the germ to old throughout life as e. g. in the problems in the parlors of the whatever time, within the life age. Physics and chemistry feather germs of sexually di- residence Thursday evening. history of the individual, except have no place among their cate- morphic birds, or in cells of the for the occurrence of mutations gories for the ontogenetic pro- The staff, investigators, and the nervous system. These are to or abnormal disjunctions to ce-ss, and a fortiori for the students of the M. B. L. were be distinguished from the alter- which the same principles then phylogenetic. Why not sur- natives of any action system, invited to participate. apply. The essential problem render ourselves, in considera- which are reversible, as con- The general topic of discus- of development is precisely that tion of these problems, to the trasted with the irreversible sion was marine fishery inves- differentiation in relation to current of more naive biological character of ontogenetic segre- space and time within the life categories ? tigation and Dr. 0. E. Sette gave gation. a talk on "The mackerel fishery The space relationship in de- and biological aspects of its velopment as such appears to ANOTHER TRIUMPH IN fluctuations". be resolvable into physiological MICROSCOPE CONSTRUCTION terms whether of gradients or induction. However, the time THE NEW Lillie's Summary sequence of developmental pro- cesses remains an unanalysable (Continued from Page 1) feature of the life history. At SPENCER each stage of the ontogenetic COMBINATION whole, and (c) of determinate BINOCULAR process specific forms of reac- and MONOCULAR BODY both in qualities coordinated tion, whether of the whole, or TWO IN ONE space and in time. of its parts, occur. The order 4. There is a final term in is invariable, at least within any Changes from binocular to monocular vision and vice versa as easily and each of the branches, which is given system and fhas not so far been experimentally modi- quickly as from one objective to an- followed by histogenesis and de- other on a nosepiece. fied. finitive functional differentia- With the new Combination body all In the of the lec- second part the possibilities of both eyes ^greater tion, though certain terms (or — ture the bearing of the theory brilliancy of field, critical resolution branches) remain open through- of the gene upon the above as- and definition, ease and comfort of vision, out life. We may thus distin- pects of development was con- stereoscopic effect, etc.—^are at the command of the operator. guish closed and open terms sidered. Genetics contributes largely to the conception of the It is no longer necessary to bother life history with throughout the with two tubes. Shown at our germ; but is helpless so far as reference to embryonic segre- the theory individuation is of EXHIBIT IN LECTURE HALL AUGUST 2nd to 12th gation. concerned. With reference to Each of these charracteriza- the phenomena of embryonic tions was then discussed, and the segregation genetics is the vic- SPENCER LENS COMPANY problem of embryonic induction tim of its own rigor. If each -^ -.,,^ Manufacturers ^*- *^^^ came in for special considera- cell receives the entire complex fsPENCER fsPENCER^ ^ Microscopes, Microtomes, Delineascopes, Optical tion, leading to the conclusion of genes, it is self contradictory l[Byrr*L^J Glass, Optical Measuring Instruments, l[BurrAL^J that all examples served to show to attempt to explain embryonic ^Sb^ss^ Dissecting Instruments, Etc. ^Ss===^ induction produces only that segregation on the gene theory. BUFFALO, N. Y. the phenotype for which onto- Goklschmidt's attempts in this genetic segregation had pre- direction were characterized as BRANCHES: NEW YORK, BOSTON, (CHICAGO, SAN FRANCISCO

pared the way ; that the specific- a rather splendid failure. —• —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

ASTRONOMICAL Hoadiey Review on ehe reaction of the substrate appears in a slightly different LULLABY to the inductive factor and con- form in the case of embryonic segregation. That there is a (Continued from Page 1) sider the temporal arrangement Twinkle, iwinkle, little star! a& well as the spacial. genetic influence, no-one would Ciiemists know just what you are; duality, deny, nor would anyone deny Though your carbon content's high, place, given a germinal I have spoken above of the nuclear, that this may become evident at You're no diamond in the sky. viz., cytoplasmic and part which environment may and various definite times in the life and admitting bdth species play in the fate of areas in open develop- history of the individual, but and hydrogen individual specificity in term. This is a very important Helium altera- the theory admits only the Form a part of you, we ken, ment, it follows that any fact which depends upon the causal factor, the gene, and the But your heat is much too grreat tion in genetic constitution, be truth of the above statements ele- end result, in the form of the For carbon in its crystal state. it of nuclear or cytoplasmic for its validity. The environ- influenced character. At the ments, must result in develop- mental factors which are eff'ec- be present time, therefore, both mental differences. It might tive in changing the type of dif- And your spectral lines, beside. genetics and the physiology of added that, at least in the higher ferentiation of parts of an in- Tell a tale you fain would hide; types, development find themselves con- If you're sixty or sixteen— so-called non-determinate dividual are tliose which involve im- fronted by the need for the an- Billion years, of course we mean. environment plays a very its position in the individual as swer to the question : What is portant role, of which I shall say a whole, and consequently the the cause and method of em- These same lines, by tvxdsting, prove more below. type of inductive influence to bryonic segregation? How and with what speed you move In discussing differentiation, which it will react. All of the Watch your step, star, and bpware Lillie distinguishes two ion amphibian trans- Prof. experiments The spectre-telescopic stare! s 'b o u r n e, general varieties, one of which plantation in the early stages iVlrs. Edmund the origin of germinal has daughter of the late Jacque involves emphasize this. Mangold Stars there are, we might remark, embryonic segrega- Loeb, visited in Woods Hole re- localizations, very aptly described it as Having ways unseen and dark; of which is cently. tion, and the other "Ortsgemasse Entwickelung". The astronomer contrives merely with the elab- Dr. Warbasse has sailed on concerned We might speak of it as posi- To find some leading double lives. board S. S. "Stockholm" for oration and realization of poten- tional development. This is local- Gotenborg, Sweden, on July 30 cies in already definitely supported by all of the data on Betelgeuse, Orion's pride. areas. It as a delegate of the International ized and determined independent self-differentiation Lay false modesty aside; Cooperative Congress to be held would seem at the present time which, in itself, indicates the By interference telescope in Stockholm, Sweden on August that all eggs have one property presence of elements in final Michelson has sized you up. 15. On its conclusion he intends in common. (I refer here to term. The author has empha- to take a three weeks skiing polarity.) Subsequent embry- sized the point that some of the Twinkle, twinkle, little star! trip in the snow and the glaciers onic segregations bear a definite elements in the individual re- We know just how warm you are, of Norway. His son Eric will relationship to this main, and main in relatively open term By your color red or blue accompany him. They are ex- future subordinate axes of the throughout life, which gives We've your number, indexed too. pected to return on September germ. While this spacial rela- plasticity to the individual dur- pH. D. 10. tionship is definite, it is no more ing the later stages of the onto- so than the temporal relation- genetic process. during ontogeny. ships exhibited There is another implication Just as cellular diflferentiation of the closed and open term hy- The BNA implies an increase in the com- pothesis which is very signifi- Arranged as an Outline of plexity of the cell, so embryonic cant and would seem to be an segregation implies an increase important truth in the light of in the complexity of the germ. many recent experiments. I Regional and Systematic Anatomy that the de- We have just seen refer here to the inability cf A Contribution to the Science and Teaching of Anatomy qualities of enibry- cells to undergo retrogressive terminate BY onic segregation are coordinat- differentiation in the sense of ed in space and time, and they reversals of embryonic segrega- Victor E. Emmel must, of necessity, also involve tion and the limitations placed genetic restriction in the sense upon them when in the final Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Illinois Laboratory Guest at The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology in which Minot used the tei-m. stages of open term, or, for the It is also very evident that that matter, at any time during REVISED SECOND EDITION process always course of the this process of genetic restric- The Basle Anatomical Nomenclature (the BNA) has been pre- runs from the generalized to the tion. This will be recognized to eminently successful in the elimination of approximately 45,000 un- more specialized during the de- involve the distinction between necessary synonyms for the macroscopic structures of the human become an international anatomic velopment of the individual. dedifferentiated and indifferent body, and has consequently language. This, the lecturer believes, is cells. This list of some 5000 terms, intended for common use in the medical accomplished by a process which In concluding his remarks. schools, was arranged on the basis of systematic human anatomy. is both dichotomous and discon- Prof. Lillie pointed out the It appears obvious, however, that, from the standpoint of practical tinuous. No one who is familiar reasons for the failure of the anatomy, a regional arrangement of these terms in conjunction with their systematic taibulation would greatly increase the usefulness of with the immense amount of gene theory as it stands at the the BNA. available information on cell present time to make significant With this objective in mind, the present systematic BNA has been of lineage can doubt the truth contributions to the physiology expanded to include a correlated regional arrangement of anatomical this hypothesis here, though of development as far as the terms—an arrangement based upon the sequence in which the struc- there are those who, perhaps, embryonic segregation of po- tures indicated 'by these terras may be exposed and demonstrated to the naked eye in actual dissection—^thus securing a direct association appreciate the dichoto- tential areas is concerned. The cannot of the term with the visualization of the structure to which it refers. the process in evident is the mous nature of most fundamental Although a minimum encroachment upon individual initiative is the higher forms. Recognizing hypothesis that .each daughter evaluated as a dominant objective to be sought, concise statements this. Prof. Lillie has presented cell receives qualitatively and are given for the more difficult incisions and dissections involved in in which the an immense amount of data in quantitatively the complement the demonstration of the structures listed. The order regions are deMt with is based upon a sequence which facilitates support of this view which of genes which was present observation of those structural relationships of greatest practical would appear, on careful exam- in the mother cell. W it h significance. The work consequently contitutes a basis for a direct ination, to be the only one which this hypothesis it is impossible correlation of anatomical terminology and structure in the practical study of the cadaver and presents a resume of regional and systema- will explain the facts. The to explain the action of tic anatomy for anatomical and clinical reference. is apparently due to these elements in development confusion This book of about 250 pages, illustrated with twelve plates and ' the fact that while the consider- without referring immediately fig-ures in delineation of surface anatomy and surface projections of ation of potencies in question to the character of the sub- the skeleton, will be ready September 15, 1927. Price, $3.50, bound really involves only the immed- strate. Hence we find the same in cloth. ADDRESS iate segregations, all those problem presented as to the which may subsequently arise origin of the specific substrates THE WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY

Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland : : : : Philadelphia, Pa. are not rightly to be included. and the way they are made sus- Avenue Here we should fix our attention ceptible to gene influence, that : . :

PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

spoke of the history NOTICE Protective Association Net Dr. Lillie The Collecting of the laboratory in connection Many of the books appearing Meets Friday E^fenieg the "new A weekly publication devoted to with Whitman and Agassiz on the shelves in reading the activities of the Marine Biologi- whose names had toeen placed, books" corner of the The annual meeting of the cal Laboratory and of Woods Hole in been presented to us like Loeb's, in bronze on the room have Protective Associa- general. Woods Hole walls of the laboratory. He also by the publishers with the pro- of tion will be held in the Old Lec- BOARD OF ADVISORS told how Loeb had designed and vision that v,'e let them know of sales that their ture Hall on Friday evening, Robert Chambers. Prof, of Anatomy, used for so many years the little the number Cornell University Medical School. wooden laboratory which now presence in our library may Aug. 12 at eight o'clock. All stands next to the botany build- have brought about. We can- members are urged to attend. Edwin G. Conklin. Prof, of Biology, this without your co- Princeton University. ing. During Dr. Loeb's life the not do The Woods Hole Protective building stood on a site near operation. Wiil you be sure to Woodruff, Prof, of Zoo- Association is an organization Lorande L. the edge of the Eel Pond, and tell us on the shp at the end of logy, Yale University. of householders at Woods Hole was moved after Dr. Loeb's the bookcase of any new books EDITORIAL STAFF death in 1924 to its present you have learned about here formed about six years ago for Ware Cattell Editor place. and have recommended for your mutual protection against break- Montgomery Art Editor own library's purchase. Hugh Dr. Wasteneys spoke on Loeb's age and theft during the win- Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn. .General News The library must have a com- work on proteins, since it was ter months, and for the further- Helen S. Morris General News plete set of your reprints. How impossible to discuss or even ance of all measures directed can you help the staff to secure Contributing Editors mention all of the fields in which these? toward adequate police and fire Sport News he worked. He brought out' the Jack Fogg To follow up the point about protection. The Association em- Adams Cilia and Cilia importance of the work on pro- T. G. reprints that was recently made, ploys inspector examines teins and the simplicity of an who Business Staff are you willing to do one of two Loeb's methods and apparatus. the exterior of each house on the Katharine Underwood ... .Bus. Man. things? Those problems which Loeb Avas Association's list once a week Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. (1) Make a note of your re- unable to solve he would often it is unoccupied, re- prints that we already have, by while and set aside for years until science, entry as second-class listing these from the catalogue ports immediately any evidence {Application for or apparatus, or his owti knowl- viatter is pending.) that is on the same stack floor of attempted burglary or other edge caught up with the pro- as the reprint collection (if blem and he was able to go damage. In addition the As- The Universal Press there are many of these, we will ahead with it. Loeb did all of sociation ofi'ers a standing re- New Bedford Woods Hole be glad to do this for you) Massachusetts his work with unusually simple ward of $100.00 for informa- When you are in your own lab- apparatus, in contrast to the tion leading to the arrest and oratory in the fall, compare this elaborate methods so prevalent conviction of offender. list with a complete list or col- any The Scholarship Fund among laboratory workers, ac- lection that you may have of The present officers are cording to Dr. Wasteneys. President Dr. H. H. Plough, We are glad to make note of your own reprints. Then send Dr. Simon Flexner, head of Secretary Miss Florence Tuck- another contribution of ten dol- us those that we lack along with the Rockefeller Institute, spoke a complete ham. lars to the "C. N. Scholarship bibliography of your of Loeb's connection with Fund". We have now received papers, chronological if possi- Any householders who wish Rockefeller from 1910 when the a total of fifty-five dolars. This ble. to join the Association are urged Institute was able to persuade (2) Hand to us a meeting. is one quarter of the sum that chronolog- to attend the Loeb to desert his teaching for will be divided into two scholar- ical bibliography of all of youi' the research position, to 1924 ships of one hundred dollars papers. We will return this to To the Editor: when he died. Dr. Flexner dis- each. They will be awarded to you checked to show those that We have just received the July cussed Loeb's own history and of the Collecting Net and two financially embarrassed and we already have. When you 23rd issue the influence of the great scient- are very much interested in the des- it are in your own laboratory in deserving students to make which you give of the early ists of the past century with cription possible for them to return next the fall, return the list to us history of Woods Hole and also of the which Loeb had come in con- summer and work on a research with those reprints that we lack. details of the present management of tact. He was a graduate of the the organization. We are very much problem at the Marine Biologi- Please bear in mind that it University of Strassburg, and in pleased with your friendly reference Laboratory. The awards is most desirable that you cal taught by to our firm as given on page 11. his younger days was should place not set, will be made during the first one but a however, call your at- Fick, Golz, and Sachs. From We wish, to week in September by a com- duplicate set of your reprints tention to the fact that our firm is Sachs he had become interested mittee composed of five persons here. Please place the Marine not in any sense a German firm, ex- in tropisms and did much of his cept that the founder of the firm who in charge of the classes. Biological Laboratory Library in ani- was the assistant of Liebig in Germany later work or tropisms on your mailing list for two came to this country in 1848 with the mals. These teachers who had LILLIE FLEXNER AND copies of all current papers thought of being a professor of chem- such WASTENEYS, ELUOGIZE come under the influence of that you issue. istry at Harvard. As he had no LOEB AND HIS WORK men as Helmholz, P a s te u r, Librarian, money to get from New York to Bos- Nernst and a score of other Marine Biological Laboratory, ton, he remained in New York to earn sufiicisnt money and becoming inter- ceremony in great physiologists of the 19th Woods Hole, Mass. A dedication ested in the work remained here and honor of Dr. Jacque Loeb, was century, passed on much of their eventuially organized the fii-m of To the Editor held Thursday afternoon, Au- influence to Loeb. It was this Eiimer & Amend. We are enclosing intixiductory section of our BCM gu.st 4th in the auditorium of inspiration, according to Dr. May I claim just enough space catalog where these details are given. brick building, and a bronze Flexner, as much as anything to praise a feature in your Col- the Please note, however, that no Ger- Dr. the great lecting Net plaque commemmorating else, which made Loeb which has appealed money was ever invested in this com- Loeb was placed in the lobby of factor that he was in the Rocke- especially to me? Being hard of pany, and also that the present mem- the laboratory next to the Whit- feller Institute. Flexner told hearing I have unfortunately bers of the firm, and in many cases parents, were born in this and unveiled at the of the enthusiasm felt for Loeb been compelled to forego the their man plaque country. While originally a large iime of the ceremony. by the younger men of the lab- pleasure of attending the lec- portion of the chemical laboratory ap- The speakers of the afternoon oratory, how eager the mem- tures in persona propia and of paratus and chemiical reagents were imported from Germany, the amount TS'ere Dr. Frank R. Lillie, former bers of the Institute were to sit getting each speaker's message imported at the present time is very the laboratory who at Loeb's table because of his directly from him (or her, if director of small and the materials which we sup- spoke on Dr. Loeb's connection brilliant conversation and his there be such !) Therefore your ply are in general manufactured in with the M. B. L.; Dr. Hardolph ability to inspire. If Loeb had published abstracts and re- this country. Exceptions are Zeiss Wasteneys of the University of done nothing more than to in- views, written clearly and with Microscopes, S. & S. Filter Paper and some German glassware. spoke on certain spire he would still have done generous appreciation of faith- Toronto who Again assuring you of our appre- Insti- ful phases of Dr. Loeb's work ; and tremendous service to the work well done, are a real ciation of your kind reference to our Dr. Simon Flexner of the Rocke- tute, said Dr. Flexner. Dr. delight to me and must be so to firm, we are feller Institute who spoke on Loeb's death occurred suddenly others handicapped as I am. F. WiLbur Shulenberger, Dr. Loeb's connection with the in 1924 at the height of his Dr. Alfred Meyer, Eimer and Amend Institute. scientific career. Woo'ds Hole, Mass. New York, N. Y. — • • —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

THE SIX BLIND MEN AND Dr. J. G. Wheatly, professor Professor Thomas Hunt Mor- THE JELLYPHANT of engineering at the Carnigie gan has returned from an ab- Apologies to John G. Saxe Institute of Technology died in sence of about two weeks, dur- June. Dr. Wheatly and his ing which time he visited the There were six men of cbemistry To research much inclined, family have spent many sum- laboratory at the Tortuga Is- Who went to see the Jellyphant mers at Woods Hole. lands.

(Tho all of them were blind ) That each by observation Mgiht satisfy his mind. IDEAL The first approaclhed the Jellyphant 'S And happening to note RESTAURANT E«t. 1892 Phone 410 Its thirst for acids, bases 'too, At once began to gloat Main Street Woods Ho'.e The Home of "I see," quoth be, "the Jellyphant's Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing An ampholj'tic goat." Lamson & Hubbard Hats Pr:ntzes8 Suits, Coats and The second, happening to touch Compliments of Dresses The Nature paws, The amino-acid Walk-Over Shoes Said—" 'Tis a biped, without doubt PENZANCE GARAGE Satisfaction Guaranteed or Obeys all biped laws. WOODS HOLE, MASS. Money Refunded Ridiculous to speak of it of the World Day or Night A. L. A. As running on all fours." Falmouth -:- -:- Mass. Phone 652 Towing The third said—"Every mother knows Why mayonnaise stands up. and of Man Well-made emulsions won't fall out If you invert the cup. 'Tis plain to me the Jellyphant's Last fall critics An eraulsOfid-colloid pup." united in calling this one of the finest "I fell 'suoh firmness," ®aid the fourth, CENTRIFUGES "That seems to indicate and most engrossing popu- The beast a solid backbone has— INTERNATIONAL EQUIPMENT CO. it sure as fate! I see larizations of current This Jellyphant is nothing but 352 Western Ave., Boston, Mass. science A suspensoid vertebrate." in existence. These Centrifuges were developed to meet, in a practical The fifth deaminized its arms. But still it quenched its thirst. way, the varied requirements of many laboratories. They "Ha, ha," he cried, "a hootch-hound are made in several sizes, with capacities ranging from sure! Among others, The Satur- Deny the fact who durst? two tubes of 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, chamelon this— A keto-enol and with relative centrifugal forces up to 3800 times day Review of Literature Of all I've seen, the vrorst!" gravity. said, "It sweeps on from one The sixth immersed the Jellyphant In water without malit. Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory great truth to another in a Sober, it sang H ion hymns. Sizes. In tune, wdthout a fault. way that gives one a pro- He sighed, and ci'ied—"This maligned beast's found respect for the recent An orthodox old salt!" progress of science." And so these men of chemistry Disputed loud and long. Each in his own opinion Exceeding stiff and strong, Tho each was partly in the right And The Nation, "Popular And all were in the wrong. and SUPPLIES without being diluted." Thus oft in scientific wars The disputants, I ween. Rail on in utter ignorance Of what each other meian. In its handsome new edition And prate about a Jellyphant Not one of them has seen. it will continue pH. D. to be the an- swer of science to the per- Dr. Hallowell Davis, assistant professor of physiology at the sist curiosity of this genera- Harvard Medical School, was a tion. recent visitor to Woods Hole. While here he gave a lecture on nerve conduction to the physio- $5.00 logy class. Our General Laboratory and Museum Supplies Include: Scientific Apparatus Instruments, Chemicals, Ana- Currents in the Hole and tornical Models, Osteological Preparations, Natural At following hours the current History Specimens and Preparations, Wall Charts, in the hole turns to run from Buz- zards Bay to Vineyard Sound: Museum and Naturalists' Supplies, Glass Jars, A, M. P. M. Miscroscopes and Accessories. The University of Aug. 6 11:27 11:56 Biological and General Laboratory Supplies Aug. 7 12:12 Aug. 8 12:51 1:06 Aug. 9 1:43 1:56 Aug. 10 2:33 2:46 THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION! Chicago Press Aug. 11 3:23 3:34 Aug. 12 4:14 4:21 Aug. 13 5:01 5:14 OF AMERICA Dept. of Natural Science, 119-125 7th Ave. 5750 Ellis Ave. CHICAGO In each case the current changes six hours later and runs G. Lagai, Ph.D. (Cor. 17th St.) from the Sound to the Bay. New York City : —

PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

Reminiscences of the Fish first to become famil'ar with Commission some group of animals. Such B= 9 familiarity was not to ei.d with the ability to give names to a (Continued from Page 1) W C DAVIS-COMPANY large number of representatives had been connected with the of the group, but inferred inti- HOME FURNISHERS scientific work of the Fish Com- mate first hand knov.iedge of mission from its first organiza- morphology, geographical dis- FALMOUTH MASS M tion. tribution, habits and the like. B There was some delay in 1882 Indeed, as I recall subjects of getting started with the work conversation which I heard dis- in Dr. Georijre H. Greene at Woods Hole, and I took ad- cussed by Professors Baird, DENTIST to accept vantage of this delay Verrill, Smith, G. Browne Good, THE LEATHER SHOP Office, Xc'iirly oppnsitf St. Barnahas an invitation from Professor Theodore Gill and others, sys- .Mt-uiMiial Clmreh Falmouth, Mass. FALMOl'TH. SIASS. James D. Dana to accompany tematic zoologj^ formed but a Hours: II A, M. - 12 M. ; 1-4 P. M. geological trip into the small part. It is true that for T-'.'iiliont.' \)o him on a ARTHUR C. EASTMAN Berkshire Hills. We went by the most part their concern was rail to Canaan, Connecticut, and with questions of what and then with horse and buggy where and how and why, but it Plnnlwari^ Painis and Varnishes drove through the region em- did not stray from the solid CHARLES T. EASTMAN bracing Great Harrington, Lee, ground of nature. Of a different FALMOUTH. MASS. ^^^"^ Phone Orders Promptly Lenox and Stock-bridge. We sort were the monologues of Marine Delivered Canaan, Tel. 407 spent the 4th of July at John A. Ryder with which he Kitchen Furtiishinj,''S Glenwood where I had my first experience now and then favored us young- Biological Ransres with a New England celebra- er men. I am inclined to think tion of the day. I was much that if some of the more inspired Laboratory impressed by the noise and of these could have been taken Visit Cape Cod's Largest other evidences of enthusiasm. down as they were spoVen, they Supply Department Store Toward evening the street in would have heen worth-while H. front of the hotel was pretty contributions to speculative in- Department MALCHMAN patriots, who, I of & BRO. well filled with terpretation the cosmos. FOR THE BEST had come from some Thos. Malchman, Prop. was told, In 1882 and until the sum- BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL They were neighboring point. mer of 1885 the Fish Commis- CLASSROOM MATERIAL CLOTHIERS, pistols with en- HATTERS shooting off sion laboratory was housed in a MUSEUM SPECIMENS abandon, and by their and FURNISHERS thusiastic two story frame building on the LIFE HISTORIES walk and conversation gave buoy wharf of the Light House Catologues and Information Main Street Falmouth which in these days evidence Service in Little Harbor. Furnished by Applying at Telephone Connection might be interpreted as indicat- Supply Department Office It stood where the present ing the near presence of a boot- George M. Gray, Curator legery, but in those days was a brick building now stands. I not unusual happening in the have not verified my belief, but I frame building vicinity of a hotel bar. I still think that the HUDSON-ESSEX which stands north of the brick think of Canaan, Connecticut as MAGNIFIERS MOTOR CARS a place building, is the one which was Where every prospect pleases used for the laboratory, and Our magnifiers are of first We have several good second was moved to its present site to quality optical and mechani- It was about the first of hand cars for sale. August when we reached Woods give place to the brick struc- cal construction. ture. There was a frame build- Hole. I remember very well The Crocker Garage ing on that site, but as I remem- my first meeting with Professor ber it, its appearance was quite Corporation, Inc. Baird. It was in front of the different from that of the one house facing Little Harbor, Fair nth Mass. which was occupied by him and which now occupies the site. his family, and where the la- The first floor accommodated boratory and clerical force took those whose work had to do their meals. I am not sure mainly with fishes, the second whether it was called a mess in Beach Party? was occupied by those who were those days or not, hut my. im- FRESH ROLLS part in pression is that it was so-called. engaged for the most BACON SAUSAGE As I recall the picture of that work with invertebrates. This STEAKS and I see Professor Baird as scene laboratory, to which access was MasrniH.^r wifli Iif*5ifl band CHOPS frame, li .!.! hi |.!,i.c —sr.c Kich. an elderly man, of large had by means of an outside stair EVERYTHING with a slight stoop, v/earing a way, accommodated, as I recall, QUICK SERVICE with his upper lip beard, but ten work tables. Here work was LOW PRICES after the fashion cleanly shaven in progress from early morning times. I realize that of those until late at night. The younger Morrison's Market the picture is one recorded by members of the party spent Woods Hole, Mass. it is with some- young eyes, for much time collecting material shock that I note the thing of a in the various ways familiar to fact that at the time at which Cu»irli triple apliiniitii-n4'lironiatlc those who have taken the inver- masrnidt'r. I'rrfwdy corrected. this sketch, I am A'ariuus sLees frdiii (iX to 35X. I am writing tebrate course in the Marine years li'an Pro- older by several Biological Laboratory. One of THE SEA ROBIN at the time of fessor Baird was our methods of making surface Directly on the Sound his death which did not occur collections has left an impres- after Ihe date Club Breakfasts . . 30c up until five vcars sion on my memory. That Wcis I fir.st him. Also Dinner, Tea, and upon which met to take the steam launch, Cygnet, :\lliiers :\Iagiiifier. :U mm. lens, inag:- Supper He questioned me as to what and make fast to the large can- nitiiation 7.6X—St. 10 caeli. zoological work I had been do- buoy in the "Hole" when the Write for Magnifier Bulletin MRS. CRITTENDEN ing, and wanted to know what tide was running, and there PALO COMPANY Attractive Weekly Rates group of animals I was especial- tow for a half-hour or more. ApiiaratuH for IndUNtrial and Labora- ly interested in. I soon learned The towings were taken to the tory Use Tel. 667-3 that he thought that the best laboratory and there looked over 153 W. 23rd St., New York, N. Y approach to zoological work was before leaving for the night. :

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

Reminiscences of the His voice was rather harsh, and all night, and began dredging brief adventure in time. So far Fish Commissiaa he used it in such a way as to early the following morning. In as I could see these reflections make repetition of an order 1882 the dredging was on the were received by the students (Continued from Page 8) quite unnecessary. I listened continental slope. This area is with undisturbed calm. As I look back upon those to him on this trip while he was rich in living forms, and the On one of the trips to the Gulf days I am impressed with the drilling a boatswain, a Swede, net of the trawl usually came up Stream in 1882 lines were put almost total absence of any- at the wheel. When the lesson loaded with a great variety of out and left for several hours thing in the way of play, other was ended, which would have annelids, Crustacea, echinoderms in an attempt to secure speci- than the daily swim which most left an ordinary man a nervous and mollusks, and not a few mens of the tile fish. A great of us took. Professor Verrill wreck, that placid Scandinavian fishes. The temperature of the many fish of different kinds was an indefatigaible worker had been put through a succes- water at the surface, at the bot- were taken in this way but who got along with but a few sion of manouvres, which, as it tom and, occasionally, at inter- there were no tile fish among hours of sleep. His habit of seemed to me, were calculated mediate depths, was taken, and them. It was the hope of Pro- close application to work con- to afford practice in about every the character of the bottom was until near the fessor Baird that the tile fish tinued unchanged possible contingency in naviga- noted. I remember that among but a had not been completely des- end of his life, which was tion. Captain Tanner, while a bottom specimens I which car- troyed, and that ultimately the few months ago. An interesting strict disciplinarian, was abso- ried home with me were some tile fish grounds might become account of his life work, writ- lutely fair and just, and was samples rich in foraminifera a valuable source of fish food. ten by Professor Wesley R. Coe, well liked by the crew. brought up by the Albati'oss in appeared in a recent number of 1883. Later small My published reminiscences Captain H. C. Chester at this some frag- Science. Another example of ments of a limestone were concerned for the most time was an active man of about which, in painstaking and efficient indus- Western Pennsylvania lies part with the years 1882-1887. 48 years, abounding in energy about try was set us younger men by 1100 feet It would be too heavy a tax on and good humor. His training below the Pittsburg Richard Rathbun. I was glad Coal Bed, were obtained the capacity of The Collecting from early years had been in from to hear his work given high com- one of the oil wells Net for me to attempt to speak the whaling service, in which he in Washing- mendation recently by Dr. C. ton, Pa. V/hen in detail of those who crowd rapidly promoted. The thin slices of this had been I B. Wilson, who has for many material were it upon the scene as think over rigorous discipline of this ex- made was man- years been working on the ifest that the rock from which the years which have marked acting calling had fitted him ad- group which Rathbun was in- they had come had my acquaintance with the labor- mirably for the position of been built vestigating in the eighties. up of practically the same kind atory of the Bureau of Fish- executive officer on the arctic Two or three days after our of material as eries. In the summer of 1889 expedition under Captain Hall the material arrival at Woods Hole (then, which had come I recall as I write that there on the unfortunate steamer from the bot- and for some years spelled tom of the Atlantic were working in the laboratory Polaris. He had joined the Fish Ocean off Woods Holl) the Fish Hmvk our coast E. A. Andrews, R. P. Bigelow, after and at a depth of over Commission in 1874, soon R. Boyer, C. was sent on a dredging trip off 1000 fathoms. When I set these W. K. Brooks, E. his return from the Polaris ex- the coast from Monomoy to two facts before B. Davenport, M. C. Greenman, pedition, and took part before my classes, as Provincetown. As this was my I did annually for a long series C. F. Hodge, F. C. Herrick, T. H. his death, in 1886, in nearly all first trip on the Fish Hawk I of years, the one Morgan. Sho Watase, H. V. Wil- the branches of the service. He evidence am naturally better able to re- brought from the crust of the son, and W. M. Woodworth. had charge of all dredging call my experiences and sensa- earth some 1600 feet the There may have been others operations other than those below tions on this occasion than I can college buildings, and in whom I do not recall, but any carried on by the •steamerAlba- a do for any of the many trips stratum of the Mississipian for- one who contemplates this list tross, which was not yet in com- which I made on this vessel mation, the other, from the bot- must realize that it was rare mission in 1882. Those of us later. tom of the Atlantic Ocean, and good fortune that brought one who fell under the spell of his Fortunately the sea was calm belonging to our into such fellowship. robust gayety could well under- own age, I and none of the unpleasant tried to pass on to my classes 1889 stand how he had met with suc- Of the years between memories which are usually as- some of my own reactions; the I speak cess in conducting to safety that and 1898 cannot from sociated with dredging trips on vast abyss of time which portion of the crew of the sepa- personal knowledge of the pro- the Fisli Hawk arise. I remem- rated these symbols, the impli- of at the Bureau of Polaris which had drifted to sea gress events ber, however, that as we were cations to be drawn therefrom, Fisheries Laboratory at Woods on the detached ice-floe. Our lying at anchor the first night and a comparison with our attempts to get him to talk own Hole. out, I was kept awake for some about his arctic experiences time by a peculiar rattling failed. He preferred to talk of sound somewhere near my berth, pleasanter life experiences, of which kept time with the gen- SINCE 1852 Noank, Connecticut, a name tle rolling of the ship. I learn- which he pronounced much as MAKERS OF ed later that the sound was a devout Mohammedan, I ima- caused by a lot of loose shot in Microscopes and Accessories gine, intones the word Mecca; of a thermometer which was used Microtomes an orchard on a steep hill-side in getting depth temperatures. on his father's farm, from Projection Apparatus The thermometer happened to which the apples did not roll Photomicrographic Cameras be lying athwarifc-ships so that down on the neighbor's grounds the shot rolled from one end of Field Glasses below because they were flat on the tube to the other with eacli Botanical Apparatus one side. change in the position of the Photographic Lenses spent the second night on ship. We this trip in the harbor at Pro- Centrifuges Our first dredging wass ofi:' vincetown. Three of us rowed Haemocytometers Chatham. I remember particu- across to the point larly the fine specimens of the where there Spectrometers Catalogues many^branched ophiuran, As- was then vast accumulations of Refractometers the bones of whales which had trophyton, and a large species On Request Colorimeters taken off the of sea anemone, both of which been coast and brought in to the shore try- Other Optical Products were taken in considerable num- bers. works. We were allowed to take such specimens as desired. It was on this trip that I we of spoil from this made the acquaintance of two My share raid Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. interesting characters. Captain was a rib, a vertebra and an in- tervertebral plate. Main Office Z. L. Tanner, and Captain H. C. and Factory: Rochester, N. Y. Chester. Captain Tanner, Com- During the remainder of the New York: Park and 42nd Sts. Chicago: 5 No. Wabash Ave. mander of the Fish Hawk was season a few trips were made in Boston: 333 Washington St. San Francisco: 28 Geary St, a typical, bluff, ruddy-faced sea- the Fish Hawk to the Gulf man, who might have stepped Stream. On these trips we

PAGE TEN THE COLLECTING NET

during 1926 there into any particular stream be of studies are commonly known as Alaska, where Conservation Work destroyed, it can only be re- "life-history studies" and con- were over §62,000,000 invested Fisheries stored after a long period of Bureau of siderable attention is paid to in this industry. The product extensive and suc- investigations of this nature. from Alaska alone was valued time or by cessful artificial propagation. (Continued from First Issue) As an aid to the work of arti- at more than §48,000,000. The industry is ficial propagation, studies are care of this great The extent to which salmori the vested in the Department of wander from their parent This brief outline of the pur- also conducted dealing with nutrition of Commerce and is administered streams is also a matter of im- poses and activities of the Bu- pathology and by the Bureau of Fisheries. In portance for although a run of reau will be sufficient to show fishes. order to properly regulate this fish may not be in danger as a primary purpose is the of the that its The oyster industry studies have fishery re- fishery extensive result of fishing operations in conservation of our Atlantic coast is one of the most been carried on for a number the region about its native sources. It is pei-tinent, there- fisheries, annually valuable it is prob- is of years. As a result stream, there may be a fishery fore, to inquire just what yielding about $14,000,000 This able that the life histories of established at some distant meant by conservation. worth of products. It is pro- not the several species of salmon are point which attacks the same much abused word does in every coastal state secuted better known than those of any run of fish and causes deple- mean merely saving, although Massachusetts to Texas, from important food fish. We tion. In an investigation of this that in the popu- has other it is probable but in many localities it rapidly sy- know, for instance, how problem the bureau has tagged lar mind the tsvo words are declined to an alarming extent, the fish grow and their size at thousands of adult salmon in be said that in nonymous. It may decrease in yield , the total maturity. The so-called parent the region about the Alaska conservation involves as much 20 years amounting to the last stream "theory has been firmly Peninsula. One of the most the utilization of a resource to 60 per cent. The bureau almost established as a fact of wide ap- significant things which devel- the fullest possible extent com- been investigating the has plication. The parent stream oped from this work was the patible with its perpetuation, as this depletion and has causes of states the fact fact that the fish of the re- theory merely which formed it does the preserving found that it is largely due to that the salmon, after spending the most important part of thi.s source against undue exploita- pollution combined with the several years in the ocean where fishery came from I3ristol Bay tion. over-fishing of the natural oy- they feed heavily and grow ra- where there is another great appreciation of the ster beds close to shore. Dur- A greater pidly, return for the purpose of and intensive fishery. Thus the for conserving our ing the first two weeks of its necessity spawning to the same stream fish native to Bristol Bay were undoubtedly been young oyster is a very fisheries has life the from which they came as young being attacked at two points. about by the serious delicate microscopic animal and brought fish. Salmon lay their eggs in Such information has been used some of the most is free swimming. At this stage depletion of fresh water and the young fish, in providing regulations gov- them. The stur- its life it is very easily killed important of in after hatching and sometimes erning the salmon fisheries of all but disappeared such adverse conditions as geon have by living in fresh water for one or this region. and inland brought about by the pollu- from both coastal are more years, make their way to In a somewhat similar man- of the At- the coastal waters. It waters; the salmon tion of the ocean where they live until ner the cod of the Atlantic been entirely that oysters do not lantic coast have is also true mature. The problems "connect- Coast are being investigated. or seriously di- free their eggs until the exterminated set ed with the conservation of the We are learning many impor- in number in many water in which they are living minished salmon fishery thus assume a tant things about their life- in certain streams has up to a temperature streams, and warmed very different aspect since it is on the Pacific coast the salmon of approximately 70 degrees. at once apparent that if the run ( Continued Next Week) are much reduced; the halibut Frequently in the North the on both coasts have been dis- deener water fails to become tinctly reduced in numbers, un- sufficiently warm for spawning questionably as a result of over- to occur in any appreciable THE fishing; the shad and mullet of ouantity. As a result the seed- the east coast and the whitefish- ing of the beds out from shore es and related forms of the depends to a considerable extent Great Lakes have been affected upon the successful spawning SCIENTIFIC and the production of oysters on those inshore. The young has fallen off. oysters drift with the currents from there onto the offshore Division of Scientific Inquiry beds, settling down there and MONTHLY The work of the division of under favorable conditions, they FOR AUGUST scientific inquiry is exceedingly it may be reach maturity. Thus THE HISTORY OF THE ALPHABET. Professor Ingo W. D. diverse. A large measure of ef- certain localities seen, that, in 9''' fort is devoted to biological stu- such as the Long Isand Sound Hackh dies of important food fishes region, the success of oyster cul- SPIRITUAL VALUES IN SCIENCE. Professor Victor E. as and of other animals such ture is dependent on the suc- Levine 119 clams, etc., which oysters, crabs, cessful spawning of oysters PHYSICAL LAWS AND SOCIAL PHENOMENA. Dr. R. B. yield important aquatic prod- close to shore. Unfortunately Lindsay 1^7 ucts. The scientific investiga- this is where pollution is most DEMONSTRATION. T. tion of the fisheries, or of the abundant and where the young CREDULITY VERSUS SCIENTIFIC fish on which the fisheries are free-swimming oysters have the SWANN HaRDIKG 133 based, provides data essential noorest chance for survival. SOME STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF LIVINGNESS. Profes- for the proper conservation of There is apparently little possi- sor D. Eraser Harris 1^9 the resources. We must have bility for improvement in this THE UNFIT SURVIVE. Dr. Herbert Maynard Diamond 144 information relative to such fishery until the pollution prob- fundamental facts as the rate of lem has been remedied. SCIENCE AND RELIGION. Professor I. W. Howerth 151 growth, age at maturity, time RIVER. Professor James G. Needham 162 Despite the fact that the oy- A SUMMER ON LOGAN and manner of spawning, habits 170 ster has been cultivated for hun- TRANSATLANTIC TELEPHONY. Dr. Frank B. Jewett of the young, feeding habits of dreds of years and is one of the SABER-TOOTH TIGER. W. A. Spalding 182 both young and old, extent and THE best known mollusks there is a direction of migrations, and the THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE: surnrising lack of exact infor- extent to which the various How Big can a Star be? The Unseen Life of the Soil; the mation conceimlng its life his- groups of fish mingle, particu- to American Independence; tory. These problems are be- Contribution of Scientific Men larly with respect to their in- ing attacked in a systematic Alessandro Volta 1^^ terbreeding. A considerable manner at the Bureau's Woods amount of attention is given to SCIENCE PRESS Hole laboratory. THE enemies or other elements in LANCASTER, PA.—GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, their environment which tend Tlio great salmon fisheries of N. Y. CITY—GARRISON, N. Y. to reduce the abundance of th" Pacific constitute our most cents those forms from which we ob- valuable fishery. A large part Yearly Subscription $5.00 Single Copies 50 tain our fishery products. Such of the product comes from THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN

Follow the Crowd to Compliments of Program of Plays DANIELS' PENZANCE GARAGE for Home-made Ice Cream, WOODS HOLE, MASS. Delicious Sandwiches^ Day or Night The M. B. L. Club and the M B. L. Tennis Club Coffee A. L. A. Phone 6.52 present I»ICMC LVNCIIKS Towing The Annual Benefit Entertainment Auspices: Mai-ine Biological Laboratory IDEAL SAMUEL CAHOON M. B. L. AUDITORIUM — AUGUST 6, 1927, 8:30 P. M. Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 1.—CONCERNING TROUSERS RESTAURANT FISH .\ND LOBSTERS Tel. Falmouth A scene from "Penrod and Sam" by Booth Tarkington Main Street Woods Hole 660-6G1 CHARACTERS Woods Hole, Mass. Penrod Frederick Copeland' Sam Seymour Edwards Herman Peggy Clark Verman Vicky Glaser RIDE THE BUS Gipsy (The Cat) Manton Copeland, Jr. Duke (The Dog) Penelope Lewis TO FALMOUTH Scene: The Schofield's back-yard. Director—Preston iCope'land. Scenery—^Comstock Glaser. 2.—INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC The Penzance Trio 3.—"A QUESTION OF PRINCIPLE"—a comedy by Martin Flavin CHARACTERS A Man L. B. Vreeman A Banker C. E. McClung A Clergyman C. H. Scheidi A Judge L. S. Powell A Communisit G. '>. De Renyi A Policeman K. C. Blanchard A Girl Miss R. F. Harrell Scene- -A Sidewalk D'irection—R. N. S. Whitelaw 4.—M. B. L. VAUDEVILLE CIRCUIT Director—P. Reznikoff A. Professor "Bantam" Blanchard, The Wonder Worker B. "We" Kenneth Cole and his machine—Stepping on it. C. Power, Stabler and Uke—in Songs of Home and Hearth. D. "Tea for Several" by Dorothy Blanchard CHARACTERS Mrs. Queen "Roberta" Stabler Mrs. Green Josepf iue Danforth Letitia Louise Thorne Edward Dick Blumenthal Dr. Sells Herman Field Dr. Goof Joe Hale Orchestra—Piano, Frances M. Clark; Saxaphone, Frank Lillie; Clarinet, Norman Steele; Banjo, William Bartholemew. COMMITTEES Production—Mrs. E. L. Clark, A. Keefe, Mrs. F. Swett, L. M. Schmidt. Stage, Scenery, Costumes—F. E. Chidester, C. Packard, S. E. Pond, E. A. Martin, F. H. Swett, R. C. McGoun, Elsa Keil, Mrs. Edwin Linton, Mrs. M. Copeland, Mrs. L F. Lewis. Business—E. R. Clark, R. Bennitt, D. J. Edwards, Mrs. W. K. Farr.

Club Plays Blanchard, the scene of which is laid in Woods Hole. The proceeds of the plays will (Continued from Page 1) be used for improvements for the two clubs. During the past The second play will be a six years the income from plays Comedy—"A Question of Prin- has enabled the Tennis Club to ciple", by Martin Flavin. Be- pay off the debt on the 'beach tween the two plays the Pen- courts, to replace the back-nets zance Trio will render several around the mess court. During musical numbers. Ihe present season, it has rebuilt The last half of the evening the surface of and subdrained will be given over to the recent- the beach courts.an ex- ly organized M. B. L. Vaudeville pensive procedure costing more Circuit—with four sparkling than fifteen hundred dollars, numbers under the direction of the M. B. L. Club has enclosed Dr. P. Reznikoff. the porch, thereby nearly doubl- Professor "Bantam" Blanch- ing the capacity of the club- it ard, The Wonder Worker, will house ; has redecorated the in- give his famous sleight-of-hand terior; and has been enabled to performance. The next act will enlarge greatly the facilities of be entitled "We"—by Kenneth the Ckib. Altogether these im- Cole and his machine "Stepping provements have cost nearly on it". The entrancing Trio: four thousand dollars and a Power, Stabler and Uke will large share of this sum has been then entertain with Songs of derived from the plays. Home and Hearth, and finally The will be no advance sale there will be given for the first of tickets and no reserved seats. (and probably the only)— time Tickets will be S.50 and Sl.OO an original one-act skit "Tea and will be on sale at the door, for Several", by Dorothy beginning at 7:45 P. M. :

PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET

PROMOTION OF RESEARCH Serious Explosion On IS TOPIC OF CONFERENCE Hilton's "Playmate"

ardent scientists who Ready in September A conference was held on Those Thursday evening, July 28 at spring like old fire horses to the the Woods Hole fire the Marine Biological Labora- hoot of siren, and who are invariably tory in regard to problems of re- INTRODUCTION be seen steaming along in the search in colleges. The meeting to wake of the hook and ladder, was called in accordance with — TO — were tremendously excited last the instructions from a similar emerging from conference held last summer. Saturday, upon Twenty-two different institu- the lab. to see the Woods Hole Department apparently VERTEBRATE tions were represented. Dr. H. Fire EMBRYOLOGY putting out a blaze in the fire B. Goodrich of Wesleyan Uni- By house. After more careful in- WALDO SHUMWAY versity acted as chairman. vestigation, however, it was University of Illinois Dr. M. M. Metcalf presented the fire the activi- seen that was on board an informal report of feature this is the "Playmate" which was pull- The distinctive of hook the use of two methods of ties of the Joint Committee for presentation. The comparative method, now used quite generally ed up to the drawbridge. Mr. Promotion of Research in by the foremost English, French, and German embryologists and Hilton, the owner of the boat, American Colleges. This com- more recently adopted by American zoologists, is employed in lec- was priming the engine in pre- tures and reading, while the sequential method is utiliz.=d in the mittee was organized as the re- paration for one of his frequent laboratory work. This combination, correlating embryological prin- of a resolution introduced sult Saturday afternoon sailing ciples brouglit out by classroom discussion and lectures, with the by Dr. Vernon Kellogg at a anatomy of vertebrate embryos, as studied in the laboratory, has parties when the explosion took general session of the A. A. A. S. produced a text which is both practical .md teachable. place. The cabin had been closed at Philadelphia in December Particular emphasis has been placed on four forms: Amphioxus, during the hot forenoon and it 1926. It consists of representa- the frog, the chick, and man. This section includes the embryonic is believed that gas had accumu- membranes, and the development of body form. The second division tives of various learned socie- lated and was ignited by the deals with the derivation of the separate organs and organ systems ties. Among the plans sugges- combustion of the engine. Mr. from the germ layers. Part III, which covers the atlas, treats of ted is a recommendation for the the anatomy the frog, chick, and the pig. Here general ac- Hilton was rather severely burn- of a establishment with outside co- count is given of the three major embryological types followed by ed and the "Playmate" will pro- operation of three different a statement of their differences. bably need about three hundred means of assistance. First, by dollars worth of repairs before small financial grants, to relieve she will again the jolly craft teachers of the necessity of gain- be that has taken so weary ful occupation during the sum- many biologists from their mi- Inc. Publishers mer, in order that the time may away JOHN WILEY & SONS croscopes brought them be devoted to research. Second- —and back again. 440 Fourth Avenue, New York ly, to establish research fellow- ships for younger members of college faculties. Thirdly; to Conference On Research establish rotating research pro- (Continued from Column 1) fessorships probably one in a college. It has been suggested piece f.f research. A research that such experiments be tried College Texts in Biology committee is established and New first in a few colleges, pre- out the college makes grants for en- Important Revisions of a Successful Text and Manual for different parts of ferably in couragement of special research the Elementary Course there is ex- the country where projects. pectation that results will be The conditions at Wesleyan Foundations of Biology, Third Edition satisfactory. University were outlined by Dr. By Lorande Loss Woodruff, Professor of Biology After a discussion of this H. B. Goodrich. There are in Yale University. report, statements were made in found means of encouragement Published Julij 10th, 8vo, 5i6 pages $3.50 regard to conditions in various such as research funds in cer- revision of this widely used text represents colleges. Dr. 0. L. Inman re- The tain departments, limited steno- not only the addition of material covering ported the organization of a re- much graphic aid, a full time research science, also re- search committee at Antioch recent advances in the but a associate in one department, a polishing material, the addition of College which apportions a re- of the older college machine shop etc. There figures, chapter emphasiz- search grant made by the col- many new and a new is kept a record in the College ing signifiance biological knowledge for lege. the of Bulletin of all publications by human welfare. Dr. C. G. Rogers outlined the members of the faculty. A re- at Oberlin where a conditions search committee has recently Manual of Biological Forms, Revised Edition. research committee of the been established. departments has been in By George A. Baitsell, Associate Professor of science There was a general discus- existence for some time. Dur- Biology in Yale University. sion of various points raised and the last year a general com- Published July 19th, 8vo, 411 pages $2.50 ing the following resolutions were all A successful manual for the general biology or mittee representing depart- passed ments has been organized. zoology course, covering a wide range of animal Resolved : that this conference and plant forms. In this revised edition much Dr. J. W. Mavor spoke of the approves plans for encourage- new material has been added and a number of unusual conditions existing at ment of research formulated by the laboratory exercises have been rewritten. Union College because of sup- the Joint Committee on Promo- Especially adapted for use with Woodruff: port given to definite reseaich tion of Research in American Foundations of Biology, Third Edition, but suit- projects by the General Electric Colleges. able for other texts asjwell. Company. Encouragement is Resolved: that reports given not limited to the field of elec- at this Woods Hole conference Teachers of College Biology trical engineering. show that direct results have will gladly be sent examina- Dr. H. H. Plough outlined the been accomplished through the tion copies on request to recent reorganization of M. A. .efforts of the Committee and work at Amherst. The old sys- that in the opinion of this con- tem of course requirements has ference it is desirable that the THE MACMILLAN COMPANY been abolished and now the y)''o- Committee continue its should 60 FIFTH AVENUE NEW YORK CITY gram of each student is made efforts for the promotion of re- to center about some special search in American Colleges. Volume 11 WOODS HOLE, MASS., SATURDAY, AUGUST 13, 1927 SubHcription $].?5 NuiiiIuT (» SiiiRle Copies, i!Oc TRUSTEES AND MEMBERS OF M. E. L. CORPORATION HELD MEETING TUESDAY

Conklin and Stockard On Executive Committee

At their meeting on August 10 the Trustees of the Marine Biological Laboratory appointed Dr. Edwin G. Conklin and Dr. Charles R. Stockai-d to replace Dr. Grave and Dr. Glaser whose terms automatically terminate this year. The following individuals were elected as members of the Corporation of the Marine Bio- logical Laboratory: T. H. Bis- sonette, S. C. Dellinger, T. Y. Graham, Florence Hague, P. Reznikoff, H. W. Stunkard, W. B. Unger and W. E. Bullington. At the meeting of the Cor- poration which was held at noon on Tuesday, the following men were elected to the corpor- ation : Treasurer—Mr. Riggs, (One year) Clerk—Calkins (One year) Trusteer.: to S^rve to 19.31 H. C. Bunipus, W. C. Curtis, B. M. Dugeer, G. T. Moore, W. J. V. Osterhant'; J. R. Srhaum. W. M. V/heeler, L. L. Woodruff.

M. JB. %. Calcnbar

Wednesdav, August 24 8:15 P. M. Moving Picture and Lecture. "The Tal'.' of an Ancient Mariner". Presented by Chester Scott How- land. Reserved j^eats, $1.00. Gen- eral admission, 50c. For the bene- fit of the Collecting Net Scholar- ship Fund.

Currents

At followini PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

flesh wriggling with to the activities of Mr. Edwards Smith, U. S. Commissioner of you the was Dr. Sumner in the Fish and Fisheries, asking me them!" I called his attention "Reminiscences of the Fish is given by introduction to the Report upon to be in Washington on the 19th to the fact that the worms had Coniinission" the knife from the Biological Survey, Part I, p. for a consultation cencerning been dragged by pp.. E3wtN Linton cavity onto the 12; parasites in butterfish, in order the abdominal Honorary Research Fellow in Zool- the fol- muscle tissue, and asked him to It was found by us that Mr. that I might appear on ology, UvlvemH^j of Pennsylvania Edwards still possessed copious lowing Monday before repre- open the others from the back, Days 11. Early notes relaiing to the yield of sentatives of the Department of without disturbing the viscera. nets, seining (Continued) flsh traps, tyiie Health of New York City to This, rather reluctantly as it trips, and tow-net collecting against the seemed to me. he agreed to do. been utilized. present arguments 1898-1900 the whicn had never In the years .... Indeed one of the motives embargo which had been placed None of the fish thus opened had laboratory was under the di- which prompted its compilation upon the sale of that food fish. any nematodes either in or on was a desire to inconporate in a flesh. of Dr. H. C. Bumpus. the rectorship permanent form the valuable I complied with Dr. Smith's and I left the ofS«e of the Com.- His energy and initiative, but still unpublished data in the request, and at 9:30 A. M. on nossession of this indefatigable appointment, missioner of the Department of the fertility of his mind in sug- the 21st I met, by collector and observer. representatives of the Depart- Public Health in a fairly good gesting lines of investigation Charles R. humor, although there passed The artistic eye of ment of Health at their office. a strong, directive in- exercised Knight saw in Vinal an interest- Center and Walker Streets. Of a few minutes of the interview work that was sketch of v/hen I yearned to pitch the fluence on the ing type. He made a the officials whom I met on that paint- Commissioner of Public Health carried on in those years. Work- him which he afterwards occasion I remember best S. S. this reminds me that out of the window, throwing in ers in the laboratory in those ed. And Goldwater, Chairman of Com- first came to Woods the Chief of Division of Food favored by being Mr. Knight mission of the Department of years were Inspection for measure. Hole in the summer of 1899. Health, and Dr. Hermann Betts, good brought into the intellectually Those who listened to his lecture Chief of Division of Food In- After I reached Woods Hole field of Dr. George the high potential in the Residence Building of spection. The Department had I looked over my records of ex- H. Parker's personality. I re- Fish Commission a year or so condemned some consignments aminations of butterfish for flesh which sure, call vividly the ease with ago will remember it, I am of butterfish on account of parasites, and was able to report years, he then, and in succeeding as one of the most entertaining worms in the flesh. I soon found to the Bureau of Fisheries, solution of what that thej^ undertook the and instructive talks that it was not cestode cysts in and my reports were transmit- problems, seemed to be difficult have ever listened to. In 1899 the flesh which were objected ted to the Department of Health point of in my the simplicity of his Mr. Knight had a table to, but nemtodes, which Dr. in New York, that out of the attack, and the success which room in the laboratory where he Betts assured me were wrigg- some 5000 butterfish which I The attended his researches. painted a number of fish, among ling in enormous numbers in the had examined for flesh para- fishes, their day sense of hearing in them at least one shark. One flesh. I told them that I had sites in successive years, from waves. artist, reaction to aerial sound Dr. Whitman's Japanese been examining butterfish in 1904 to 1914 inclusive , I had the function of the otolith and Hyashi, was in my room and he considerable numbers every record of but two nematodes of the lateral line, were some and Knight were talking about year for the last ten years, and found in the flesh, and they be- solved painters. of the problems which he European animal "that while cestode cysts were longed to a different species with the aid of such instruments Hyashi v;as about to make a six often present, and sometimes in from that represented by the of precision as a hat pin, a two- week's visit to Paris, and was considerable numbers, that ne- immature forms common on the by-four plank fastened to an getting what information he matodes did not occur in the viscera of the butterfish, and aquarium and the one-pound could about Paris animal paint- butterfish which I had examined other food fish. gun of the revenue cutter ers. A part of that conversation on the southern coast of New It appears that the trouble Aaishyiet. still remains in my memory; England. I also stated that im- was started by some, possibly to For several years prior to perhaps it is because I told it mature nematodes were com- well-meaning blunderer, who 1911, when the results were pub- Dr. Bumpus, shortly after I mon on the viscera of butterfish, induced housekeepers to buy lished, systematic work of a heard it and he had me tell it, as well as of other food fishes, their fish direct from people who quite comprehensive nature was I don't know how many times, but that they did not in my ex- supplied the fish at a rate below conducted by Dr. Francis B. during that summer. The name perience penetrate the flesh. that asked at the market. These Sumner, director of the labora- of the artist I am not sure about, This information, by the way, fish were not dressed by the tory for a number of years, as- but as I recall it, the name was could have been secured from dealer, and when housekeepers, sisted by Drs. Raymond C. Dupin. Hyashi asked : "Do you the fish dealers of Fulton Mar- in preparing these fish for the Osburn, L. C. Cole and Bradley know painter name Dupin?" To ket. My testimony was ineffec- table, saw veritable worms in M. Davis, in the making of a which Knight made answer: tive. Dr. Goldwater, with a them, not being familiar with general biological survey of the "No, I don't think so. How do frankness of expression from the ways of nature, and associa- region. Nothing of this sort you spell it?" Hyashi spelled it. which there was a singular ting worms of any kind with had been attempted since Pro- Whereupon Knight exclaimed: absence of suavity, remarking what is usually meant by fessor A. E. Verrill's Report "Oh, Dupin, you bet! He's a that I did not know anything "wormy meat", naturally raised upon the Invertebrate Animlas corker !" Hyashi smiled politely, about nematode parasites in clamorous complaint. This com- of Vineyard Sound and the Ad- waited a bit for Knight to ans- butterfish, and Dr. Betts vehe- plaint reached the ears of the jacent Waters, with an Account wer his question, and then ask- mently asserting that practical- Department of Health Officials, of the Physical Characters of the ed: "Is he a gooda painter." He ly every butterfish brought to who immediately, in their ignor- Region. This report will be was not interested in corkers, the market was wriggling with ance, took action, which, if it found in the Report of the U. S. but he was interested in animal worms. Seeing that we were had been persisted in, would Fish Commission for 1871-2, pp. painters. not likely to get anywhere, the have meant the destruction of 1-39. is car- a great 295-778 ; plates \Vhile the work which suggestion was made that some amount of wholesome The report of the sui-vey ried on in the research labora- butterfish be sent to us from the food, and would have kept from -which was made by Dr. Sumner tories of the Bureau of Fisheries market. This was done, and in the markets of New York a very and those associated with him has to do mainly with practical a short time six butterfish were considerable proportion of the was published in Volume xxxl. problems relating to the fish- delivered at the office. Dr. Betts yield of the fish traps of those Parts I and II, of the Bulletin of eries industry much of it is pro- bravely attacked one of them parts of our coast which supply the Bureau of Fisheries. secuted without any immediate with a butcher knife. He vali- the markets of that city. view. As an belly A figure familiar to those who utilitarian object in antly slashed through the Dr. H. F. Moore, at that time example of in which of viscera, •were in any way connected \vith the way the fish, dragging the Deputy U. S. Fish Commission- some practical use be made carrying the Fish Commission Laboratory may which happened to be er, , estimated that, during the of that collected with of im- at Woods Hole, from its begin- data was a considerable number short time that the embargo no purpose in mind other than mainly clus- ning to the time of his death in mature nematodes, against butterfish was in effect facts, I may caeca, 1919, was Vinal N. Edwards, to to find out certain tered on the pyloric at New York, butterfish to the a -whose memory a tablet was be permitted to include here across the muscle tissue. The value of at least $30,000 were bit of personal experience. doctor hopped about in T)1aced in the Laboratory Build- doughty thro^vn overboard. shouting: ing of the Bureau of Fisheries On June 17, 1915 I received excietment, fairly two years ago. A fitting tribute a telegram from Dr. H. M. "There, see, see them! I told (Continued on Page 11) THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

LABORATORY MACHINE Another innovation which and does not possess reducing Ready solubility of the bacterial SHOP saves time, trouble and expense, power. While it undoubtedly residue would indicate that the is found in the proud, new at- accumulates in the medium dur- cytoplasm has undergone diges- tachments on the ovygen tanks. ing the reaction there is no tion prior to bursting of the machine One is apt to take a They are shiny-faced gauges evidence of actual growth and bacteria. Chemical analysis of To shop rather for granted. rimmed with brass, and obviate assimilation of the substratum^ lysed cultures shows evidences the necessity of sending tanks by it. It accumulates only in of such most people the words register digestion. all the way to Boston to ba the presence of actively growing grease, heat and noise, assorted filled. young susceptible bacteria, and the purr of a fan Duggar's Review sounds from The^prize of the the rate of its accumulation de- ol til- achievement to the sharp scratch belt machine shop this year is, how- pends entirely on the rate of somehow things at (Continued from Page 1) ing. But ever, the building of two splen- growth of the susceptible bac- Biological Labora- the Marine did teria. the vir- constant temperature baths. of the activities of living organ- tory all seem to claim machine One, made by Mr. Phipps, The sterile areas produced by isms. With this interpretation tue of origniality. The in stands in the machine shop, the the agent on the surface of agar we would be in possession of at the Laboratory is shop other is already in action. These seeded with bacteria do not re- material for experimental work ways like your own tront some peices of machinery look like present "colonies" of the living within the realm of the animate Probably it is cleaner. parlor. crosses between a refrigerator virus but are the result of dif- but on the very borderland of most fastidious person The and a swimming pool. A large fusion of the lytic agent. The the inanimate. It would be a be willing to acknowl- would tank is filled with water in size and number of the sterile surprising opportunity, and the edge the neatness of the swept which are immersed two, giant areas (plaques) can be varied parasitism—if such it is—of cement floor and the remark- and electric light bulbs. The water at will by changing the concen- this agency on the bacteria able order among the tools is kept at a constant tempera- tration of the medium. At low renders it not much more diffi- sort of "what-nots" that the ture automatically by means of temperatures diffusion of the cult of experimentation than if usually have the habit of being a mercurial tube which breaks agent continues, and the size of it were a saprophyte. in perpetual confusion. One or establishes the electric con- the plaques increases in spite On the other hand there wonders what sort of hocus- has tact as the temperature changes of the inhibition of bacterial been the other general line of in- pocus does the trick. But pro- in accordance. Although the growth and the consequent in- ten>retation, none too deriniteiy bably one might call it the analogy is far fetched, one is terruption in the further pro- formulated in most cases, to the "house wifely attitude" applied somehow, I'eminded of the spas- duction of bacteriophage. effect that this specific lysis, or to machinery. Yet that is hard- modic electric signs on dear, The adaptibility of the agent any similar lysis, does not in- ly a fair way to describe Mr. distant Broadway as the light to various bacterial substrata volve the idea of parasitism. In Larkin and his helpers, for not flashes on beneath the water is strictly limited within the general, the lytic agent is re- only do they keep the shop ship- with s u r p r i s i ng suddeness group of closely related species, garded as of enzymic nature ; at shape, but they have improved There is, though, a feeling of and is not a general rule even least, the process must be di- it with an initiative that has far greater awe on being in- within these limits. The sam- rectly chemical, perhaps a chain been augmenting the efficiency formed that the regulatory ap- ples of bacteriophage affecting of reactions, with appropriate of the service rendered to the paratus is as fussy as to keep unrelated species of bacteria ex- catalyzers. M. B. L. the temperature correct to one hibit a number of characteristics This view naturally leads (in The great minds in the La- one-hundredth of a degree. The which make it possible to dis- part) to an intensified study of the first floor up boratory, from water is of course kept in con- tinguish them from one another. formulating organic catalysts in general and to the roof are stant circulation, and it is said When a given material exhibits of the possible effects of chem- their theories on the flabby 'mud that the machine works better activity for two or more species ical agents in activating the pro- puppy or on Nereis the circu- at low temperatures. of unrelated bacteria it can be duction but there are of the complex catalysts lar swimmer, shown it To the researchers who use that contains a mix- characteristic of the cell. times when they must come these strange contraptions with ture of different phages. In short, the borderland of down to earth—or rather to the as much abandon as you might The agent is probably a pro- the animate would be fascinat- basement, where Mr. Larkin pick up an ordinary saucepan, duct of bacteria secreted by ing; but the "propagation" of a cheerfully officiates. the machine shop is just another them into the medium during pathological metabolic distur- Several labor-saving devices room in the brick building, but the abnormally rapid growth bance, whether as a "disease" of have been added to the machine to those credulous and uniniti- stimulated by the small amount a colony of bacteria or of a is for instance the shop. There ated ones who can still marvel of phage introduced from with- multicellular tissue or organism apparatus for cutting glass tub- at machinery, it has a faint stir out. Apparently, similar would be no less stimulating of tubing is wrapped in ing. The of magic about it. changes in bacteria may be set research. The possible relation a microne wire which is heated up within the animal organism of bacteriophage studies to cer- until it becomes red hot and Bronfenbrenner's by some as yet unknown stimu- tain, at least, of the so-called sears the glass to a point of Summary lus, and may result in the spon- virus diseases of animals and easy breaking. Simple enough, taneous (Continued from Page 1) production of phage. plants is obvious. but far more efficient than the Although many investigators Dr. Bronfenbrenner's work is usual filing. organized, the lecturer believes claim to have caused such spon- a positive contribution, and is an aristorcratic sub- Glass that bacteriophage does not ex- taneous production of phage by among other conclusions dedu- stance for it commands two emplify such a transition. bacteria under the influence of cible from it is this: Certain of more machines to minister to The experimental evidence various stimuli, in vitro, their the assumptions of d'Herelle its There is a new sav- wants. evidence is not quite convinc- are not substantiated, and some age-looking grinder in the presented by the lecturer tends ing. exact experimental evidence is machine shop which can des- to indicate that the agent of When active agent (phage) afforded to challenge the view troy the glaze on a piece of transmissible lysis of bacteria is introduced into a bacterial that "Bacteriophage" is an is diffusible. The particulate glass within a few moments. culture, it begins to accumulate organism. Secondly there is an oven, distribution of the agent is there prior to and independentlj^ shaped very much like the good therefore only apparent and is of the lysis of bacteria. Within Dr. due to its ready Stephen Walter Ranson, old-fashioned Dutch bake ovens. adsorption on a few hours following its in- the surface of colloidal particles M. D., Ph. D.,—the author of Only this one can heat up to troduction, bacteria begin to of the 600" C, and by the time this medium. The size of the swell. Measurements of the "The Anatomy of the Nervous particles which are temperature is reached the glass apparently viscosity of the culture indicate System"—is now Professor of endowed with the activity is realizes that resistance is im- not that at the height of the reac- Neuro-Anatomy at Washington possible uniform; moreover, it can and yields to be mold- be tion bacterial mass may occupy University in St. Louis. His into varied experimentally ed one of a thousand pos- by caus- twelve or more times its origi- position was incorrectly given in ing redistribution of the sible shapes. Not as picture- agent nal volume. Cinematographic the advertisement of W. B. sque on the surface of as the way they do it in more highly record shows that at the height Saunders Company in our last dispersed colloids. Venice (especially for the bene- of swelling bacteria burst, with- issue owing to the accidental fit of tourists), but more eff"ec- The agent has no independent out leaving any visible debris omission of the proof corrections tive for the up-to^^date scientist. metabolism, it does not respire in the majority of instances. made by the publisher. PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

Conservation Work of jconomically distribute the fish the fish are taken from the pools fort may be evaluated. Such from their hatcheries. In still and before they are returned to data are of great value and pro- Bureau of Fisheries other cases the bureau has been the river some are placed in a vide the only source of infor- able to incubate fish eggs in its tank of water in which enor- mation which we have of the (Continued from Last lisue) hatcheries acquired by States mous numbers of the minute present tendency of our fisher- not operating hatcheries, the larval forms of the mussels have ies. They foi-m the foundation In a somewhat similar man- resulting fry or fingerlings be- been liberated. In a very few on which must be based the Atlantic ner the cod of the ing placed at the disposal of the minutes hundreds of these have practical application of meas- Coast are being investigated. State officers. Further cooper- attached themselves to the fish ures for conservation. We are learning many impor- ative work has been carried on which are then released. In Supplementing these statis- clubs and weeks the larval tics on landings of fish there is tant things about their life- in conjunction with two or three j individuals who have establish- mussels will free themselves an annual report on the produc- history and their migrations. ed nurseries for rearing to from the host and will drop into tion of canned fishery products 1923 to 1926, over 36,000 From larger size fish furnished by the the mud a;t the bottom of the and by-products, and a monthly and pollock were I cod, haddock bureau. The net result has been rivers and smaller streams publication of the amounts of the coast of New tagged off increase the fingerlings pro- where they may develop into fish frozen and held in cold stor- Approximately 1600 to England. duction for 1926 two fold over adult mussels of commercial age. The latter are collected by these were recaptured. There of that for 1925. size. the Department of Agriculture question that tl;e data can be no Division Fishery Industries through its Bureau of Agricul- In addition to the work of cf obtained will be of incalculable tural Economics. These serve propagation, this division 'has The activities of this division value if the time ever comes to furnish information of value methods of rescuing are directed along several lines; when it will be necessary to pro- developed of fish- in following the development of fish from the pools left by re- the gathering and study tect these fisheries. Fortunate- these two very important phases river waters following ery statistics, collecting data on ly there is no evidence at the ceding the methods of the fisheries, and of the fi.shing industries. present time that depletion is spring floods. This work is technological work looking to- The extent to which fishery taking place, but the great fish- conducted mainly in the upper ward the improvement of meth- products may be made available ing banks are being exploited Mississippi Valley and about ods of preparation and mer- to the people of the country is more and more each year, not 150,000,000 fish are rescued chandising of the fishery prod- determined to no small extent only by the fishermen of the each year from pools where ucts and of the use of their by- by the price paid by the ultimate United States and Canada but they would undoubtedly die and products. consumer. This price is deter- also by European fishermen. are returned to the main river. of adequate mined in part by the cost of This is one of the most impor- The importance Division of Fish Culture fishing operations and this in tant and popular features of the fishery statistics in a program turn is in early in its history the determined part by . Very bureau's work in fish conserva- of conservation, can not be over- bureau undertook the propaga- the cost of gear. Within the tion. During the year 1922 estimated. It is only by the col- tion and distribution of the pa.st few years the division of this work attained its greatest lection and study of such sta- more important food and game fishery industries has conducted volume in the number of fish tistics that the diminution in fishes. The hea,;est mortality extensive investigations looking handled. A total of nearly the stock of fish may be detect- fishes occurs during toward the improvement of net among 180.000,000 fish was thus sal- ed before it has progressed to their early life. Just as there preservatives. It has developed vaged and either returned to the such an extent that it is appar- is a greater death rate among a method of prolonging the life original waters or delivered to ent to fishermen. In that event babies than among older people of fish nets by means of a cop- applicants for planl-ing in ad- it has already proceeded to such so there is a greater death rate per compound which has found jacent territory. The salvaged a degree that a rehabilitation considerable favor, is among young fishes during the difficult, if and being fi.shes comprise practically of the stock is very first few days or months of used ratlher extensively. Fui-- eveiT useful species common in not impossible. The division of their lives. Artificial propaga- ther experiments are being con- this region. There is consid- fishery industries attempts to tion is designed to eliminate the ducted along these lines. erable fluctuation in the volume collect as complete statistics as hazards of life in the early Studies of the basic princi- of this work, which depends up- is possible with its limited per- stages of fish development. ples involved in the preserva- climatic conditions and the sonnel and funds. In order to on tion of fish with salt have made From a small beginning this of the river. canvass the fisheries of the stage possible the successful salting service has now come to be one United States, it has been ne- The division of fish culture of fish at higher temperatures of the largest in the Bureau and cessary to divide the country in- scientific in- and therefore in wanner clim- annually millions of young fish and the division of to a number of sections which ates. Such methods are noAV in are reared and distributed in quiry have cooperated for a are canvassed at intervals of commercial practice. Improved the interior and coastal waters number of years in the develop- five or more years. The sec- methods for freezing fish for of the United States. During ment and conservation of the tions are as follows: The New storage land transportation have the years 1925 and 1926 the fresh-water mussels of the Miss- England states, the Middle At- been worked out. Such im- annual distribution of fish of all issippi Valley. The shells of lantic states, the South Atlantic provements will tend to reduce species and stages of develop- these mussels form the raw ma- states, the Gulf states, the Paci- the losses during shipment, ment totaled approximately terial which is used in the man- fic states, the Great Lakes and which are wasteful of a valu- 5,232,000.000 and of these all but ufacture of pearl buttons—an the Mississippi River and trib- able food product and which are about 108,000,000 were of direct indu.stry of considerable impor- utaries. an important factor in increas- commercial importance. In the tance producing an annual out- It is recognized that statistics ing the cost of fish to the con- production of this enormous put of about $7,000,000. The collected at such intervals are sumer. Improved mpfhods have number of young fish the Bu- young mussels during the first really not adequate for conser- been developed for the canning reau operated 70 separate fish two or three weeks of their lives vation purposes. In view of of sardines which, it is believed, cultural stations. An impor- are minute microscopic animals. this fact, special systems of sta- will make for a better pi-oduct; tant phase of this work has been During this stage of their exist- tistics have been instituted for possibly produced at a lower the cooperation between the bu- ence thev live on the gills of some of the more important price, and which will tend to re- reau and the various States certain fishes. It is necessary fisheries, especially those of in- duce the waste of this valuable which have thus far taken an that they find the proper host ternational character. These fish. active interest in practical fish fish soon after they are released consist of statistics which are These examples are illustra- culture. Such cooperative work from the narent or else they published monthly of vessel tive of the technological work has been varied in its nature, perish. The young mussels do landings at the principal New of this division. The impor- involving in some instances practically no harm to the fish England ports, and at Seattle, tance of this work from the joint operations at egg-collect- on which they are living and Washington, and also annual viewpoint of conservation lies ing stations, and frequent ex- the Bureau has aided the main- canvasses of the shad fisheries in the fact that the development change of eggs of various .spe- tenance of the supply of mussels in the Hudson and Potomac of better methods of handling cies for the convenient distri- by bringing the young mussels Rivers. The statistics in all fishery products will prevent bution of the resulting fish. In and the proper host fishes to- cases include information on unnecessary waste and will im- other cases the bureau has gether. This work is done the number of men engaged and prove the product and at the loaned its distribution cars to mainly in connection with the the gear employed in order that enable the States to quickly and rescue operations. At the time the intensity of the fishing ef- (Continued on Page 8) : .

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

One Hundred Dollars Nobska Point, on the eastern For Scholarship Fund side of the approach to Woods Hole, is a low bluff marked by a ANOTHER TRIUMPH IN Sponcer lighthouse (white tower with MioroBoope James Harvey Robinson Makes MICROSCOPE CONSTRUCTION No. 7H Contribution covered way to a dwelling) with CoIIltliu.lttOD Storm warning displays are THE NEW Body Scholar- The Collecting Net made near the lighthouse. most ship Fund has received a Ledges, partly bare at low wa- in the form welcome donation ter, extend 150 yards south- SPENCER check of a one-hudred-dollar westward from the point. COMBINATION BINOCULAR from Mr. Roibinson. In mak- Little Harbor is the eastern- and MONOCULAR BODY ing the gift he said that their most of the two coves in the were no strings attached to it TWO IN ONE north shore of the passage. A and that his donation was made channel 150 feet wide and 12 Changes from binocular to monocular as a token of appreciation to vision and vice versa as easily and feet deep has been dredged to the laboratory. quickly as from one objective to an- the wharf of the lighthouse de- The Scholarship Fund has other on a nosepiece. pot, which is on the western { now accumulated the sum of With the new Combination body all side of the cove, and a turning $155.00, for the contri'butions the possibilities of both eyes—greater basin 400 feet wide and 10 to brilliancy of field, critical resolution listed below have been received 12 feet deep in front of the and definition, ease and comfort of Dr. James Harvey Robinson $100.00 vision, stereoscopic effect, etc.—'are at Mrrs. Annie Nathan Meyer 10.00 wharf. Small craft can anchor the command of the operator. Dr. Ralph Cole 10.00 off or above the wharf, favoring Anonymous 25.00 the western side, in 7 to 12 feet. It is no longer necessary to bother 10.00 with two tubes. Anonymous The dredged channel is marked course is marked Total $155.00 by buoys, the The Committee on Awards harbor through it is 351° true SPENCER LENS COMPANY met at noon on Thursday and (N 1/2 E mag.). candi- selected fifteen possible Great Ledge is an extensive ^^ ..^^ Manufacturers fsPENCERi .^^*T*—*->.. dates for the two available rocky shoal, awash at extreme Microscopes, Microtomes, Delineascopes, Optical fsPEfi'-l?]' Glass, Optical Measuring Instruments, scholarships. An application low water, between the entrances Dissecting Instruments, Etc. blank has been mailed to each to Little and Great Harbors. A upon of the candidates, and red gas buoy marks its south- BUFFALO, N. Y. their return a careful study will west side. YORK, BOSTON, (CHICAGO, be made by the committee which Nonamesset Shoal is partly BRANCHES: NEW SAN FRANCISCO is made up by those in charge bare at low water, has depths of of each of the five classes. 10 to 13 feet near its edge, and extends 400 to 500 yards east- INSTRUCTIONS ward from the island on the IN NAVIGATION western side of the entrance to The BNA Great Harbor. The shoal is The following directions have marked at its southeasterly end Arranged as an Outline of been taken from the government by a black bell buoy, and on its been taken from the Govern- easterly side by a black buoy. Regional and Systematic Anatomy ment Tide Book: Great Harbor has an anchor- Contribution to the Science and Teaching Woods Hole is a narrow A of Anatomy age at the head about 14 rni^e passage leading between numer- BY long and nearly l^ mile wide; ous ledges and shoals from Vine- its depth is irregular, ranging yard Sound to Buzzards Bay, Victor E. Enamel from 3V2 to 12 fathoms in the between the mainland and No- channel, and the holding ground Professor of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Illinois namesset Island. It is well is mostly poor. On the eastern Laboratory Guest at The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology marked by buoys and beacons, side of the harbor is the wharf REVISED SECOND EDITION but the tidal currents are so and depot of the New York, New strong that the passage is dan- The Basle Amatomical Nomenclature (the BNA) has been pre- Haven & Hartford Railroad; eminently successful in the elimination of appro.ximately 45,000 un- gerous without some local knowl- and above this is the wharf, necessary synonyms for the macroscopic structures of the human edge. The buoys in the narrow- basin and large buildings of the body, and has consequently become an international anatomic est part of the channel are fre- language. United States Fish Commission, quently towed under by the cur- This list of some 6000 terms, intended for common use in the medical which are prominent when en- rents. stranger should not •schools, was arranged on the basis of systematic human anatomy. A tering from southward. Shoals attempt to pass through except It appears obvious, however, that, from the standpoint of practical with 5 to 9 feet over them ex- anatomy, a regional arrangement of these terms in conjunction with near slack water. Woods Hole tend 400 yards from the north- their systematic taibulation would greatly increase the usefulness of is little used as an anchorage on westerly end of the harbor. the BNA. account of the strong tidal cur- With this objective in mind, the present systematic BNA has been There is good anchorage 200 rents and the narrow channel. expanded to include a correlated regional arrangement of anatomical yards northwestward of the an arrangement Great and Little Harbors are on terras— based upon the sequence in which the struc- current and time of slack water tures indicated Iby these terms may be exposed and demonstrated to the noi'thern side. are affected by strong winds. the naked eye in actual dissection—^thus securing a direct association The northerly channel in of the term with the visualization of the structure to which it refers. At either entrance to Woods Woods Hole from Great Harbor Although a minimum encroachment upon individual initiative is Hole the velocity of the current to Buzzards Bay has a narrow evaluated as a do-minant objective to be sought, concise statements at strength is nearly 1 knot. are given for the more difficult but straight reach and was incisions and dissections involved in the demonstration of the structures listed. The order in which the In the part dredged 300 feet wide and 13 upper of Great reg'ions are deMt with is based upon a sequence which facilitates feet deep, but there are numer- Harbor, near the Fish Commis- obsei-vation of those structural relationships of greatest practical sigTiificance. The work ous spots with 10 to 12 feet over sion wharf, the currents are consequently contitutes a basis for a direct correlation of anatomical terminology and structure in them. barely perceptible and vessels the practical Another channel, Broad- study of the cadaver and presents a resume of regional and systema- way, was dredged 300 feet wide at anchor lie head to the wind. tic anatomy for anatomical and clinical reference. and 11 feet deep, but it necessi- Ice.—^The strong tidal cur- This book of about 250 pages, illustrated with twelve plates and figures in delineation of surface anatomy and surface projections of tates a sharp turn ; the straight rents usually keep Great Har- reach should the skeleton, will ibe ready September 15, 1927. Price, $3.50, bound be given the pre- bor open. Drift ice is brought in cloth. ference on account of the diffi- through from Buzzards Bay, ADDRESS culty in making the turn in the but seldom interferes with na- THE WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY strong currents. The deepest vigation, except in unusually Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland Avenue : : : : Philadelphia, Pa. draft using the passage are local steamers of 11 feet draft. (Continued on Page 11) : ::: ; ! ; — — ; — ; —

PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

Ode to Drosophila DR. FISH TELLS OF The Collecting Net I (Tune:—"Maryland, mij Marijland.") KARTABO LABORATORY A weekly publication devoted to IN BRITISH GUIANA within thy lactic jar, the activities of the Marine Biologri- Drosophila, Drosophila, enshrined cal Laboratory and of Woods Hole in What variations there are seen—red, barred, balloon, and eosin; Last Wednesday in the Audi- general. What strange proportions in they race. torium, Dr. H. D. Fish intro- BOARD OF ADVISORS When non-disjunction takes its place; duced some of us and "revisited" Yet from them many a formula we learn to know, Drosophila. with others the magic realms of Robert Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, British His prelimin- Cornell University Medical School. Guiana. Drosophila, Drosophila, thou dipterous philosopher. ary apologies for the repetition Prof, of Biology, Edwin G. Conklin, Within thy macrohromosomes, how many pangenes have their of his subject and its lack of Princeton University. homes ? serious, scientific savour were Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of Zoo- Thy spermic cells, muscid elf. hardly necessary, for most of logy, Yale University. Teach me the secrets of myself. us were glad to sit quietly and EDITORIAL STAFF And Life's deep problems buried are, within thy cells. Drosophila. travel through sunlit seas and Ware Cattell Editor * * * impassible jungles without the Hugh Montgomery Art Editor conventional accompaniment- of Turpentine Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn. .General News graphs, figures and statistics. Helen S. Morris General News (Tune: "Clementine.") The slides were beautiful and Jack Fogg Sport News often amusing, as in the case of In a pine-tree, in the barrens, overgrown with poison-vine, the "Mona Lisa" sloth. Dr. Fish Business Staff substance soft and gummy, and its name is Turpentine. Grows a succeeded in making his South Katharine Underwood. .. .Bus. Man. American field appear a place of Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. Chorus : Oh, my sticky, oh, my gummy, Oh, my oily Turpentine interest and promise. Here is the land of virgin forest (Application for entry as second-class I will put you in my bottle, matter is pending.) Then I know that you'll be mine. growths, where there are ap- proximately 3000 species of The Universal Press In the ages called Cretaceous, dripping from the bark of pine trees, only three hundred of New Bedford Woods Hole Catching gnats, bugs, and mosquitoes, grew some sticky which have been identified. Here Massachusetts Turpentine. insect life takes beautiful and fantastic forms which are myr- Chorus iad in number, here the native The Woods Hole Choral women are ancient and wither- Buried up for countless ages in the sea and mud and .slime. ed at the age of forty-five, here Society Turpentine. Then Washed up upon the seashore comes our fossil bamboo grows at an average of golden, eleven inches a day. Here, also, The Woods Hole Choral So- Chorus : Oh, my solid, oh, my Oh, my amber Tui-pentine. the sun seems ever to set in a ciety won for itself many friends Put you in my lady's necklace. mist of glory while the moon evening when it on Monday Then you'll be both hers and mine. sails through cloud seas over presented its first annual con- sapphire waves. Dr. Fish, after stressing the cert. There are, however, a unlimited possibilities for re- limited number of individuals Invertebrates search in this virgin field of that at the laboratory who feel Invertebrates are every^vhere—afresh water, land, and sea; British Guiana, made a rather its organization is not warant- You even find them in the air in great variety. impassioned plea for the inter- To us it seems a commend- est of the audience in his project ed. Chorus: There is rest—there is rest of sending students here to carry able undertaking. As Dr. Lin- Poor invertebrates, they soon will rest on and increase the researches ton so well says: "there are a iSweet rest now going on, and seemed con- of people in the goodly number fident of being able to secure The lightning-bug is a funny bug; he doesn't know his mind; community who derive a great the financial cooperation of com- He flies about this world of ours with his headlight on behind. deal of pleasure from choral mercial organizations interest- singing, and who are willing to Chorus : ed in developing the resources and limiting the drawbacks of tlevote a part of the time which Oh, Hydra is a greedy beast—of that there is no question eat ten times his weight at least, and he won't get life in the tropics. they would, and should, give to He will indigestion. It sounded very tempting. We recreation to the practice of thought that we would like to Chorus : choral singing." The rehearsals see the armadillo, "dillowing in Mosquitoes haven't any sense, as far as I can see Choral Society are held its armor", the traveller's palm of the They pass the nice fat people by and stick their beaks in me. that always points north-south, twice a week after the conclusion Chorus : the falls whose rebound is great- of the evening lecture and thus The rotifer he lives alone, but oh, what fame is his, er than the entire height of Nia- they conflict in no way with As an unsuspecting case of phylopaedogenesis. gara, and the sun setting over laboratory work. Chorus the Kartabo Laboratory. But We shall go a step further The butterfly has wings of gold, the firefly wings of flame when we thought of the darky than the modesty of Dr. Linton The bedbug has no wings at all, but he gets there just the same. who floated his raft upstream of so- when the tide ran up and an- —who is president the Chorus ciety—permitted sufficient ex- chored when it ran down, and so The tapeworm shuns the outside world ; he's free from care and cuse and reason for the exist- proceeded upstream "all in the strife tence of this society is alone course of nature", we wondered He knows the advantageousness of parasitic life. furnished by the real enjoyment how much research we would and pleasure that it will give to Chorus accomplish beneath the tropic others. Those who attended His food is predigested, stored outside his body-wall •sun. And the thought of a Monday's concert will vouch That's fortunate, for he has no digestive tract at all. mess serving monkey meat cool- for this statement. Chorus ed our ardor. However, we agree with Dr. Fish that anyone I always thought that fleas were black, but now I do not know Terao arrived on anxious to go and ta;;kle the in- Dr. Arata For Mary had a little lamb whose fleece was white as snow. 10 to carry on work a.s numerable problems which August Chorus a n independent investigator. await the scientist in this cor- The centipede must hate to walk, for when he moves around Dr. Terao is professor of Zoo- ner of the earth, sftould receive has to lift a hundred feet and place t'hem on the ground. logy at the Imperial Fisheries He all the assistance that can be Institute in Tokyo, Japan. Chorus obtained. : — —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

WEATHER SIGNS After fine, clear weather, the first signs in the sky of a com- light The following notes concern- ing change are usually THE streaks, curls, wisps, or mottled weather prediction are ing patches of white distant clouds, gleaned from Eldriges Tide and which increase, and are follow- Pilot Book ed by an overcasting of murky SCIENTIFIC Whether clear or cloudy, a vapour that grows into cloudi- appearance, more rosy sky at sunset presages fine ness. This or less oily, or watery, as wind weather; and a red sky in the or rain will prevail is an infal- MONTHLY morning, bad weather, or much lible sign. FOR AUGUST perhaps rain; a grey sky wind, Light, delicate, quiet tints or THE HISTORY OF THE ALPHABET. Professor Ingo W. D. morning, fine weather; in the colors with soft, undefined Hackh 97 high dawn, wind; low dawn, forms of clouds, indicate and ac- SPIRITUAL VALUES IN SCIENCE. Professor Victor E. fair weather. company fine weather ; but Levine 119 A high dawn is when the first gaudy or unusual hues, with indications of daylight are seen hard, definitely outlined clouds, PHYSICAL LAWS AND SOCIAL PHENOMENA. Dr. R. B. above a bank of clouds. A low foretell rain, and probably Lindsay 127 is when the day breaks on dawn strong wind. CREDULITY VERSUS SCIENTIFIC DEMONSTRATION. T. or near the horizon, the first seabirds fly out early When SWANN Harding 133 streaks of light being very low and far to seaward, moderate OF LIVINGNESS. Profes- down. wind and fair weather may be SOME STATISTICAL ASPECTS Soft-looking or delicate clouds expected. When they hang sor D. Fraser Harris 139 foretell fine weather, with mo- about the land, or over it, some- THE UNFIT SURVIVE. Dr. Herbert Maynard Diamond 144 light breezes; hard- times flying inward, expect a derate or SCIENCE AND RELIGION. Professor I. W. Howerth 151 edged, oily-looking clouds, wind. strong wind, with stormy A SUMMER ON LOGAN RIVER. Professor James G. Needham 162 A dark, gloomy, blue sky is weather. As many creatures TELEPHONY. Dr. Frank B. Jewett 170 windy; but a light, bright-blue beside birds are afl'ected by the TRANSATLANTIC sky indicates fine weather. approach of rain or wind, such THE SABER-TOOTH TIGER. W. A. Spalding 182 (Generally, the softer the clouds indications should not be slight- THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE: (but perhaps observer who wishes look, the less wind ed by an How Big can a Star be? The Unseen Life of the Soil; the more rain) may be expected; to foresee weather. Contribution of Scientific Men to American Independence; and the harder, more "greasy," Remarkable clearness ofi Alessandro Volta 183 rolled, tufted, or ragged, the atmosphere near the horizon, stronger the coming wind will distant objiects, such as hills, THE SCIENCE PRESS prove. Also, a bright yellow sky unusually visible, or raised (by LANCASTER, PA.—GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, at sunset presages wind; a pale refraction), and what is called N. Y. CITY—GARRISON, N. Y. yellow, wet; and thus by the "a good hearing day," may be prevalence of red, yellow, or mentioned among signs of wet, Yearly Subscription $5.00 Single Copies 50 cents grey tints, the coming weather if not wind, to be expected. nearly may be foretold very More than usual twinkling of if aided instruments, indeed, by the stars, indistinctness or ap- almost exactly. parent multiplication of the Small inky-looking clouds moon's horns, haloes, "wind- PAGE PROOF foretell rain; light scud clouds dogs" (fragments or pieces of OF THE driving across heavy masses rainbows, sometimes called show wind and rain; but if "wind-galls") seen on detached alone may indicate wind only. clouds, and the rainbow, are High upper clouds crossing more or less significant of in- TEXTBOOK the sun, moon, or stars in a di- creasing wind, if not approach- rection different from that of ing rain, with or without wind. OF lower clouds, or the wind the Lastly, the dryness or damp- then felt below, foretell a change ness of the air, and its tempera- of wind. ture (for the season) should GENERAL ZOOLOGY always be considered with other BY BY THE MOONLIGHT indications of change, or con- of weather. The nereis, the nereis tinuance wind and WINTERTON C. CURTIS 'By moonlip.'ht "tows delirious: Professor of Zoology, University of Missouri 'He fills the sea . The Kny-Sheerer Corporation With progeny, AND !Now insn't that mysterious? has recently moved to larger Olga Marx. and much more conveniently MARY J. GUTHRIE situated quarters in New York Associate Professor of Zoology, City. Their address is now: THREE-IN-ONE University of Missotiri 10-14 West 23th Street, New Michondria and chomosomes. Y. York, N. B. L. Round vacuoles and nuclei, MAY NOW BE EXAMINED IN THE M. LIBRARY Upon their propoplasmic sea In solemn state go floating by At the end of last month Dr. In this dam cell. Edwin G. Conklin took a short READY September 1st. lecture trip. At Columbia Uni- A dash of Houbigant's Ideal, versity he delivered two lec- A flashiiiK and coquettish eye. Fair cheeks, rouged lips, and powder- tures: (1) "Heredity versus en- ed nose. vironment in human progress" NEW YORK All pass in frou-frou quickly by and (2) "Some common miscon- In this damsel. ceptions regarding evolution." JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. to Hole Now that I've found I've flunked the Before returning Woods course, Dr. Conklin was a guest of the London : CHAPMAN & HALL, Limited And that girl will homeward fly, Mount Desert Biological Labor- I rail at fate; filled with remorse atory where he gave a talk on 1927 I cuss, I gi-owl, I pine, I sigh evolution conti'oversy in the They're both dam sells. the pH. D. United States. —

PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

Conservation Work of tions at the islands and since WHALING INDUSTRY the women who worked and that time the administration of WiLL BE SUBJECT OF waited sometimes as long as Bureau of Fisheries this interesting and valuable LECTURE AND MOVIE seven years for their ships to resource has been in the hands come in, of rigging and har- (Continued from Page 4) poons, the toll of the sea, and of the Bureau of Fisheries. For those whose imaginations A most serious evil threaten- the lore of whalers and whaling time tend to lower the are stirred by brave tales of the same ing the sealing industry some ways. The pictures are ex- true conserva*:ion sea and the men who follow it, a price. If the years ago was pelagic sealing. tremely interesting and show includes their of our fisheries This means tne killing of seals treat has been prepared by The the methods of whaling before these are mat- full utilization, while they are in the water. It CoUecting Net. Mr. Chester the romance of the windjammer ters of no little importance. gave way to the progress of is destructive alike of males and Scott Rowland, lecturer and They do not tend, under ordin- steel, and the whale-oil lamp to females. It is economically the son of an old New Bedford circumstances, to reduce ary wasteful in that a large propor- the incandescent bulb. Besides on a fishei-y resource whaling captain, will give a lec- the strain tion of the seals killed are not the reels there will be slides make possibli. a ture illustrated by moving pic- but they do secured and the skins are ac- made from old pictures of whal- fuller utilization of those fishery cordingly lost. After the young tures of his own making. The ing methods, and extracts from available. "ancient the logs of old vessels. products are born and while they are still theme is of those whaling Alaska Service on the islands nourished by mariners" of New Bedford and The lecture will be given at Nantucket whose vessels sailed 8:15. There will be an admis- The administration of the their mother's milk, each the seven seas in search of for- sion fee of fifty cents for non- fisheries in the United States is mother seal killed while at sea tune, the "praying deacons" reserved seats and a dollar for vested for the most part in the for food, means the loss of an- who left their Cape Cod plow- reserved seats, the proceeds of several states, but the fisheries other seal, its pup, which is left shares at the age of fourteen to the performance to be added to of Alaska are under the direct on the islands to starve. In answer the call of the sea, of the Scholarship Fund. supervision of the federal gov- 1911 a convention was entered ernment. While these fisheries into between the United States, have been made the subject of Great Britain, Japan and Rus- Congressional legislation from sia which prohibited this waste- time to time over a period of ful and cruel practice. Through the effective patrol many years, it was not until maintained CENTRIFUGES 1924 that legislation designed by the United States Coast to meet fully the requirements Guard supplemented in south- INTERNATIONAL EQUIPMENT CO, eastern Alaska by patrol vessels was enacted. The Act of Con- Ave., Boston, Mass. of 352 Western gress approved June 6, 1924, the Alaska service, the Pri- bilof Islands fur provided comprehensive legis- seals are fully These Centrifuges were developed to meet, in a practical and protected at sea. The killing of lation for the regulation way, the varied requirements of many laboratories. They conservation of the fisheries of seals on the islands is carried are made in several sizes, with capacities ranging from Alaska and broadened very on under the careful supervision greatly the authority of the of the Bureau's experts. Only two tubes of 15 ml. each to ten cups of 1500 ml. each, Secretary of Commerce to pro- the young males are killed. Of and with relative centrifugal forces up to 3800 times mulgate regulations to meet these there is always an excess, gravity. local and changing conditions. since the fur seal is highly poly- This legislation has brought gamous, so that the herd is free Bulletins CI and C2 describe the most used Laboratory about the control of the fisheries to increase at its normal rate of Sizes. along scientific and economic grovd;h. Computation of the lines and the beneficial re?ults number of seals is made each are clearly apparent. The laws year while they are at the isl- and regulations are enforced by ands and the beneficial results S members of the bureau's Alaska of this care is shown by the fact personnel which in the active that the seal population has in- creased from about 132,000 in C DAVIS-COMPANY fishing seasons is augmented by W a considerable force of tempor- 1910 to 761,000 in 1926. ary employees. A fleet of pa- Additional information on the HOME FURNISHERS trol vessels is maintained and activities of the Bureau of Fish- FALMOUTH MASS other vessels a.-e chartered when eries may be obtained from the a necessary for patrol work. Annual Reports of the Commis- sioner of Fisheries or from the The fur seals in which the Annual Reports of the various United States is directly intei-- divisions and of the Alaska ser- ested make their home during vice. the summer on the Pribilof BUSCH Islands, Bering Sea, Alaska. Here the young are born and Dr. Rudolf Bennitt, formerly GLYPTAR OBJECTIVES cared for until they are strong instructor in biology at Tufts College enough to take to the ocean and has been appointed as- are perfectly corrected anastigmats adapted to special sociate travel with their parents on the professor of zoology at photo-micrographic purposes and examination of objects the long winter migration to the University of Missouri "next requiring considerable depth of focus. southward. Although a few fall. Dr. Leonard P. Sayles other small herds of fur seals from Norwich University will exist both in the North Pacific replace Dr. Bennit at Tufts Col- lege. and in the Antarctic it is prob- able that the Pribilof Islands herd comprises nearly 90 per THE ARISTOCRAT cent of all the fur seals in the Focal length 55nim. world. This herd came under The stiffest thing in all the Lab. Price, each $21.00 the control of the United States Humans apart—is the Horse-shoe Each objective is provided with an iris diaphragm. at the time Ala.ska was pur- Crab. His aristocratic pretensions are ris:ht, chased from Russia in 1867. For he traces his line to a Trilobite From 1870 to 1910 the right to Who swam in the Mezozoic Seas take seals on these islands was So kow-tow to the Horse-shoe Crab, PALO COMPANY leased by the Government to if you please. Apparatus for Industrial and Laboratory Use And his private cornorations. In blood is blue; so scientists 1910, say 153 WEST 23RD STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. however, the Government as- He was rich in copper, and pot that sumed entire control of opera- v.ay. pH. D. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE NINE

Tested Purity Trade p Mark THE TALE "E & A CHEMICALS" ARE BETTER CHEMICALS OF AN For over 70 years it has been our business to KNOW the products of the foremost chemical manufacturers here and abroad and to KNOW wherein each excels. By applying rigid tests in our laboartory we select from their best offerings to maintain the most complete chemi- cal stock in America. ANCIENT Exacting _chemists have long specified "E. & A. Tested Purity Re- agents" for analysis. Many insist upon having "E. & A." label on all their chemicals. They KNOW why. Quality, service and price will please if on your next order you de- MARINER mand "E. & A. Chemicals." EIMER & AMEND Established 1851 Incorporated 1897 Headquarters for Laboratory Apparatus and Chemicals 4,000 FEET OF NEW YORK, N. Y. Third Ave., 18th to 19th Street MOTION PICTURES Along with an authentic and entertaining Turtox Biology Materials talk given by the son of an old renowned The Six Turtox Catalogs describe New Bedford Whaling Captain. MODELS MICROSCOPE SLIDES LANTERN SLIDES SKELETONS FOR THE BENEFIT OF MUSEUM PREPARATIONS APPARATUS AND INSTRUMENTS €f)e CoUectins Mtt LIVE AND PRESERVED SPECIMENS Write for Your Catalogs Today For Botany, Zoology and Embryology

The Sign of the Turtox Pledges Absolute Satisfaction

A dramatic rehearsal of the stirring and GENERAL BIOLOGICAL SUPPLY HOUSE (Incorporated) tragic events which were a part of the lives of the undaunted New England Whalemen 761-763 East Sixty-Ninth Place Chic Illinois of a century ago.

It portrays this now forgotten saga of the initial sea . The story from its sudden inter- SINCE 1852 est to the dying of the final splendid ocean MAKERS OF sunset scene will intensely grip and thrill you. Microscopes and Accessories Its romance, its historical and educational Microtomes value, its strong appeal to your every aesthet- Projection Apparatus ic sense will prove a revelation to you. Photomicrographic Cameras Field Glasses Botanical Apparatus MEN AND WOMEN Photographic Lenses Centrifuges AND CHILDREN, TOO Haetnocytometers Spectrometers Catalogues Refractometers On Request Colorimeters Other Optical Products Reserve Wednesday Eve., Bausch & Lomb Optical Co. Aug. 24, for This Show Main Office and Factory: Rochester, N. Y. New York: Park and 42nd Sts. Chicago: 5 No. Wabash Ave. Boston: 333 Washington St. San Francisco: 28 Geary St. : :

PAGE TEN THE COLLECTING NET

FITZROY'S BAROMETER twenty-nine inches, the first ris- ing usually precedes or indicates INSTRUCTIONS strong wind—at times heavy squalls—from the north-west- New College Texts in Biology The following notes on fore- ward, northward or north-east- Important Revisions of a Successful Text and Manual for telling the weather with a Fitz- ward; after which violence a the Elementary Course gradually rising glass fortells roy Barometer appeared in improving weather, if the of Biology, Third Edition Eldridge's Tide and Pilot Book Foundations thermometer falls; but if baro- By Lorande Loss Woodruff, Professor of Biology The words on scales of the warmth continue, probably in Yale University. meters should not be so much the wind will back (shift against Published July 19th, 8vo, 5i6 pages $3.50 regarded for weather indica- the sun's course), and more The revision of this widely used text represents or falling of southerly or south-westerly wind tions as the rising not only the addition of much material covering will follow, especially if the the mercury; for it is stand at recent advances in the science, but also a re- barometer is sudden. changeable (29.50), and then polishing of the older material, the addition of The most dangerous shifts of figures, rise towards fair (30.00), it many new and a new chapter emphasiz- wind, or the heaviest northerly ing the signifiance of biological knowledge for presages a change of wind or gales, happen soon after the welfare. as human weather, though not so great barometer first rises from a very high- if the mercury had risen low point; or, if the wind veers Manual of Biological Forms, Revised Edition. the contrary, if the gradually, at some time after- er ; and, on By George A. Baitsell, Associate Professor of wards. mercury stand above fair and Biology in Yale University. Indications of then fall, it presages a change, approaching Published July 19th, 8vo, Jfll pages $2.50 change of weather, and the di- though not to so great a degree A successful manual for the general biology or rections and force of winds, are beside zoology course, covering a wide range of animal as if it had stood lower : shown less by the height of the plant forms. In this revised edition which, the direction and force and much barometer than by its falling or new material has been added and a number of of wind are not in any way rising. Nevertheless, a height the laboratory exercises have been rewritten. noticed. of more than thirty (30.0) Especially adapted for use with Woodruff: the point at inches It is not from (at the level of the sea) Foundations of Biology, Third Edition, but suit- may stand is which the mercury indicative of fine weather and able for other texts asjyvell. that we are alone to form a judg- moderate Avinds, except from ment of the state of the weather, east to north occasionally. Teachers of College Biology will gladly be sent examina- but from its rising or falling A rapid rise of the barometer tion copies en request to and from the movements of im- indicates unsettled weather; a mediately preceding days as slow movement the contrary; as, hours, keeping in mind well as likewise, a steady barometer, change of direction, THE MACMILLAN COMPANY effects of which, when continued, and and dryness, or moisture, as well with dryness, foretells very fine 60 FIFTH AVENUE NEV/ YORK CITY strength as alteration of force or weather. of wind. A rapid and considerable fall should always be rememlber- It is a sign of stormy weather, and ed that the state of the air fore- rain or snow. Alternate rising tells coming weather, rather and sinking indicates unsettled shows the weather thas is than and threatening weather. LABORATORY APPARATUS present (an invaluable fact — The greatest depressions of too often overlooked) —^that the the barometer are with gales longer the time between the from S. E., S. or S. W., the and SUPPLIES signs and the change foretold greatest elevations with wind by them, the longer such altered from N. W., N. or N. E., or with will last; and, on the weather calm. contrary, the less the time be- A sudden fall of tween a warning and a change, the barome- ter, with a westerly the shorter will be the continu- wind, is sometimes followed ance of such foretold weather. by a violent storm from N. W., or N. or N. If the barometer has been E. about its ordinary height, say If a gale sets in from the E. near thirty inches at the sea- or S. E. and the wind veers by level, and is steady on rising, the South, the barometer will while the thermometer falls, and continue falling until the wind dampness becomes less—north- is near a marked change, when westerly, northerly, or north Our General Laboratory and Museum Supplies Include: a lull may occur ; after which the easterly wind, or less wind, less gale will soon be renewed pei-- Scientific Apparatus and Instruments, Chemicals, Ana- rain or snow may be expected. haps suddenly and violently, and tomical Preparations, On the contrary, if a fall takes Models, Osteological Natural the veering of the wind towards place with a rising thermometer History Specimens and Preparations, Wall Charts, the N. W., N. or N. E., will be and increased dampness, wind indicated by a rising of the Museum and Naturalists' Supplies, Glass Jars, and rain may be expected from barometer, with a fall of the the south-eastward, southward, Miscroscopes and Accessories. thei'mometer. or south-westward. Biological and General Laboratory Supplies After very warm and calm fall with low thermometer A weather a storm or squall, with foretells snow. rain, may follow; likewise at any THE KNY-SCHEERER CORPORATION When the barometer is rather time when the atmosphere is below its ordinary height, say heated much above the usual OF AMERICA down to near twenty-nine inches temperature of the season. and a half (at sea-level), a rise To know the state of the air Dept. of Natural Science, 119-125 7th Ave. foretells less wind, or a change not only the barometer and G. Lagai, Ph.D. (Cor. 17th St.) in its direction towards the thermometer, but appearance of New York City northward—or less wet: but the sky should be vigilantly when it has been very low, about watched. : : :

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE ELEVEN

Instructions in Navigation ANNUAL WATER SPORTS Hardware I'aints and Vanilshes PROVIDE ENTERTAINMENT Compliments of (Cuntmued on Page 5) CHARLES T. EASTMAN PENZANCE severe winters, when it may (Continued from Page 1) FAI.,MOlITH, MANS. GARAGE close the entrance from that A complete summary of the IMione OrdtTS Promptly Delivered WOODS HOLE, MASS. follows Tel. 407 bay. events Day or Night A. L. A. Boys' Race: under 12 years Win- Kitchen Furniahinfc's The following directions are — Glenwood RangoH Phone 652 Towing ner: Stephen Bradley; Second: Simon of feet draft good for vessels 10 Wilson. Hole with slack water in Woods Girls' Race: under 12 years—^ Win- Approaching from eastward, ner: Doris Draper; Second: Jane pass about 14 i^ile southward of Rogers. Dive Winner: S. Nobska Point and Coffin Rock Junior Boys' — DRESS SALE Bradley; Second: U. Bradley. RIDE THE BUS west-southwesterly buoy on a Junior Girls' Dive—Winner: Isa- EXTRAORDINARY course; or, from Nobska Point belle Morgan; Second: Ruth Rogers. TO FALMOUTH REDUCTIONS gas and bell buoys, steer 279° Boys' Race: under 16—Winner: Bernard OF true (WNW mag.) until on the Fairfield Dana; Second: It costs less than to Holman. THE Great Harbor range. From WOMAN'S SHOP Girls' Race: under 16-—Winner: drive your own car. 30 W. 50th St., New York City westward give the south side of Alice Jigger, Second: Isabelle Mor- Islands a berth of the Elizabeth gan. Located in the Race Winner: John B. R. rear of about 1/2 mile, and steer for Boys' Tub — NICKERSON Duggar. Nobska Point lighthouse on any Faggi; Second: George IVIRS. WEEK'S SHOP Girls' Tub Race—Winner: Doris WOODS HOLE, MASS. bearing northward of 51° true Draper; Second: Betty Cool . FALMOUTH (NE by E % E mag.) until Senior Boys' Race (50 yards) — Second: about •5). mile from it and on Winner: Dick Warbasse; the Great Harbor range. Pete Warbasse. Time: 26 seconds. Girls' Race (50 yards) — Steer 345° true (N mag.) on Senior Winner: Hilda Wilson; Second; Doro- the Great Harbor range (two thy Dana. Time: 27 seconds. Visit Cape Cod's Largest lights on the Fish Commission Senior Boys' Dive—Winner: Dick Department Store ARENOVSKI'S Warbasse; Second: H. Field and 0. wharf) , and pass about 150 Est. 1892 Phone 410 Bradley tied. H. MALCHMAN yards eastward of Nonamesset Hilda Senior Girls' Dive—Winner: The Home of Shoal bell buoy, about 50 yards &BRO. Wilson; Second: Dorothy Dana. Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing westward of the red gas buoy Boys' Race (220 yards) Winner: Thos. Malchman, Prop. Lamson & Hubbard Hata marking Great Ledge, and about Dick Warbasse; Second: Bob Stabler. Printzess Suits, Coats and Winner: CLOTHIERS, 50 yards eastward of the black Girls' Race (220 yards) HATTERS Dresses Hilda Wilson; Second: Isabelle Mor- buoy off the eastern side of No- and FURNISHERS Walk-Over Shoes gan. „ Satisfaction Guaranteed namesset Shoal. Mens' Relay Race—Penzance- or Main Street Falmouth Money Refunded When nearly up with Parker Naushon (P. Warbasse, Russell, Flats buoy, a red buoy and a Allen, D. Warbasse) defeated Inver- Telephone Connection Falmouth -:- -:- Mass. Abell, Pickett, black buoy will be seen close tebrates (Lovell, westward, the red buoy lying Stabler.) just southward of Grassy Island Reminiscences of the Ledge light (a spindle with lan- Fish Commission tern). Turn shai'ply westward, (Continued from Page 2) Beach Party? HUDSON-ESSEX pass midway between these In July of the following year FRESH ROLLS buoys on a 257° true (W Vs N there was another flurry in the BACON MOTOR CARS mag.) course, and pass about Department of Health arising SAUSAGE STEAKS and We have several good second 200 feet northward of a black from complaint of wormy but- CHOPS hand cars for sale. can buoy and about 100 feet terfish, I was sent again to in- EVERYTHING northward of a black spar buoy terview the authorities. This (lying close northward of Mid- place on July 5, QUICK SERVICE The Crocker Garage interview took LOW PRICES dle Ledge light) . When past 1916. I found a very different Corporation, Inc. the latter buoy bring Middle set of men in charge from those Morrison's Market Ledge light astern on a 284° whom I had encountered the pre- Fair jth Mass. Woods Hole, Mass. true (NW by W 14 W mag.) vious year. My interview was course, heading for the north with Mr. Lucius Polk Brown, end of Uncatena Island, until Head of the Department of Food the red buoy off Long Neck and Drugs. He was of such a is about 100 yards distant and different type from that which in range with the western side I had associated with New York of bearing 14° true that, after the TIME Long Neck, Health officials, the important factor in all activities (NNE by W Vo mag.). Then very satisfactory interview was is steer 330° true (N by W % W concluded, I asked him what SAVE IT by uflinir mag.) , which will lead into part of the country he came Buzzards Bay about 250 yards from. He said that he was a The Wistar Institute Bibliographic Service eastward of the black bell buoy Tenesseean. The memory of which brings to your table authors' abstracts of all papers about off Naushon Point Shoal. this genail and sensible soul off- to appear in the: Jonrniil of Morphology and Physioloey Vessels of 7 feet or less draft sets in some degree the bad re- The Journal of Comparative Neurology his can pass 300 yards southwest- putation which rests upon The American Journal of Anatomy ward of Nobska Point and steer native State in matters which The Anatomical Record 290° true (NW by W mag.) .so relate to an open mind. The Journal of Experimental Zoology as to pass about 200 yards The example furnished by American Anatomical IMemoris American Journal of Physical Anthropology southward of Juniper Point, Professor Baird in bringing the Folia Anatomica Japonica (Tokyo, Japan) leaving Coflfin Rock buoy well intelligent attention of Congress Biological Bulletin to the southward and the red to scientific methods of inquiry The Journal of Parasitology buoy off Juniper Point about should not be forgotten. Stain Technology Australian Journal of Experimental Biology 100 yards to the eastward. the endeavor to wrest Then That and Medical Science (Adelaide, South Australia) steer 333° true (N by W Vk W the truth from our surroundings Advance Abstract Sheets $3.00 per year mag.) for the end of the Fish be not palsied by the belligerent Bibliographic Service Cards ------$5,00 per year Commission wharf until nearly forces of traditionalism must Both appear before the complete articles are published up to Parker Flats buoy, and if be the concern of all who are going through into Buzzards striving for that freedom which THE WISTAR INSTITUTE Philadelphia, Pa. Bay, follow the directions in the is the reward of those who seek Tliirty-slxth Street and Woodland ATenue : : : : : preceding paragraph. and find the truth. :

PAGE TWELVE THE COLLECTING NET

WHY THE WOODS HOLE The Simple Arthropod CHORAL SOCIETY? (Tune: —"Die Lorelei.") TEXAS

Dr. Edwin Linton, President There was a simple arthropod of the Woods Hole Choral So- Upon the summer sea; caught him in a lobster- ciety gave the following intro- They pot opening duction before the And brought him home to me. number I cut his little carapace Information has come to me About his little gills. watched his unsuspecting to the effect that many people And heart have been asking what the pur- Beat soft, subconscious thrills. pose may be of this Choral So-

ciety, to whose initial concert I jerked his little walking-legs you have come this evening. From out his body-wall, of that simple arthropod Now, in any community other Till There was nothing left at than this one, nobody would all- think of asking such a question. Nothing left but diagrams The organization of such a so- Of what he ought to be. lobster- ciety elsewhere would be ac- And there's an empty cepted with no more question as pot Upon the summer sea. to the reason for it than would be asked of a sewing-circle, a The Choral Society spelling bee, or a horse-shoe tournament. But in this com- munity where the quest for an answer to the riddle of natural phenomena is the business of nearly everyone, the desire to know the why and how, the whence and whither of every- thing, new or old, is a perfectly natural response to environ- mental conditions. The shortness of the time which is at my disposal, and the presence of the chorus on the stage necessitates the elimina- tion on this occasion of lantern slides showing mathematical formulae, and logarithmic graphs, which are needed in a complete demonstration. The answer to the question: Why a Woods Hole Choral Society? therefore, must be attempted through the old-fashioned me- thod of word of mouth. 1. In the first place, music hath other charms than that of serving as anodyne to soothe savage breasts, and there are a goodly number of people in the community who derive a gi-eat deal of pleasure from choral singing, and who are willing to devote a part of the time which they would, and should, give to recreation to the practice of choral singing.

2. A second reason is to be found in the excellent opportun- ity which is afforded by existing conditions for becoming ac- quainted with music which a highly competent teacher of music pronounces to be good.

3. And a third reason is the opportunity which is here af- forded to secure training in choral singing under a director of long and approved experience. The impelling force of these three reasons, viz., the enjoy- rnent which is found in choral singing, an opportunity to be- Tolunie II WOODS HOLE, MASS., SATURDAY, AUGUST 20, 1927. Sul>scri[jfi<>n y(,i."» ^uln.nr 7

Pearce Gives Lantern Slide Lecture on the Animal Life of Nigeria

"The Natural History ef Nigeria", was the subject of the lecture given last Thursday evening in the old lecture hall under the auspices of the Bureau of Fisheries. The lecture was given by Dr. A. S. Pearse, pro- fessor of zoology at Duke Uni- versity. Dr. Pearse has contri- buted much to our knowledge of the fresh-water fishes and has recently written a book on ani- mal ecology. He was sent to Africa by the International Health Board to work with the West African Yellow Fever Commission. Yellow fever in Africa appears to be a different disease from that in the western hemisphere and at the present time the causitive organism and its carrier is unknown. Dr. Pearse used a large num- ber of colored lantern slides illustrating in an excellent man- ner the country through which he travelled and worked. The pictures were taken by himself and developed under great diffi- culties in the tropical countries and were later colored by him upon his return. Among -the interesting ani- mals described were the "Gob- ies" a species of fish which leave the water and climb up on trees or other objects project- ing from the water. They are enabled to live out of the water

(Continued on Page 5)

Currents in the Hole

At folio-wing hours the current in the hole turns to run from Buz- zards Bay to Vineyard Sound: DATE 11i', :

PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

Fisheries Seminar Hears It describes the driving force cliange in hycn-ion concentration. Although an ionization i.^nstant with which a definite pressure E.-cperimentally, it is convenient is in a sense represeittative of Drs. Perkins and Galtsoff of hydrogen, restrained by a to study each of these effects a stat'sLical state, it may certain-

definite hydrion concentration,! separately : that is; (1) to meas- ly be inferred that a single Fifth Meeting of the The tends to transform an equi-mole-l ure in a heavily buffered solu- diacidic anion can and probably

Table took I Fisheries Round cular mixture of ferrous and tion the potentials correspond- does acquire hydrions stepwise. August IS, thej !>iacs Thursday, ferric ions towards the complete- ing to definite ratios of oxidant At constant hydi-ion concentra- "Oyster Investiga-j j subject being ly ferrous state. to reductant; and (2) to meas- tion where the anions would The leading speakei- tions". ure the changes lin electrode lend to take one hydrion and one For many years this method i was Dr. Earle B. Perkins who' of study has been applied to in- potential of a fixed mixture of only, the oxidation-)-eduction is carrying on experimental j organic systems, and with sue- oxidant and reductant as the pH process in the transformation of oyster work at Onset, Mass. Dr. cess when the systems studied is changed. The first process methylene blu.? to methylene GaitsoiT introduced Dr. Perkins have been well chosen and ade-| discloses whether one or more white, indoiphenol to leuco-in- with a preliminary talk which finitely formulated. These con- electrons (or equivalents) are dophenol, indigo to leuco-indigo, was followed by a talk by Dr. ditions for success are import- involved in the transformation and other organic compounds of B. D. Pease and Mr. Jos. Glancy ant: for it is to be emphasized of reductant to oxidant; the similar type involves iwo equi- of the Pease Laboratories, New that the thermodynamic equa-' second reveals the existence and valents and these equivalents are York City, on the effect of ticn formulates the relation ofi ni.agnitude of dissociations of paired, in the sense that the most chlorinated water on oysters. energy change to some process ionizable groups which have accurate measurements have in general terms, and leaves it been created or destroyed in the failed to reveal a trace of step- COHEN SUMMARY to the user first to determine reaction. The combined data wise reduction. In the language whether the energy change in permit the accurate mapping out of the organic c'hemist. this (Continued from Page 1) question is susceptible to meas-l of the system over a surface de- failure to reveal a stepwise re- urement by a particular fined by three coordinates, viz duction in such compounds When the free energy of a device notential, pH and percentage re- means that there exists no cor- chemical process can be made to and, if it is, to discover in thej duction. This laborious mapping responding intermediate com- second place what relations i flcv,' in a purely electrical chan- out m.ust be performed for the pound which can be isolated. among the components of the I nel, its measurement can be svstem will furnish various systems before they can The inference is that in the class made elegantly exact. Consider, a successful solution. As a guide in the lat- be properly compared as to of cases referred to the process for instance, the case of the re- ter task, it is more or less im- their relative oxidation-reduc- of reduction is essentially the duction of ferric ions to ferrous tion characteristacs. acduirement of an electron pair in a solution material what scheme of me- ions by hydrogen j chanism is postulated (for the followed or not followed by the definite acidity. The device A brief survey will reveal the of attachment of hydrions accord- final working equation is the i used in the study of this case is ne;d of such descriptions for =ame in all cases) but consis-; ing to the relation of their con- the follov.'ing. A hydrochloric purposes ranging from the more tency is essential. centration to the several disso- is divided and its general correlations of the acid solution ciation constants. tv/o containers are connected by A convenient mode of formu- physical chemist to those of the Such electrode measurements a tube made comparatively nar- '-iticn is the following. The dif- cj tologist in his dealing with as we have been discussing are row in order that two processes ference of potential, E, between the conduct of a specific reagent not generally feasible in organic m.ay be approximately isolated. an electrode and a solution is in the oxidation-reduction me- chemistry any more than they To one vessel is added a definite assumed to originate in the dif- tabolism of the living cell. We, are in inorganic chemistry. Con- mixture of ferrous and ferric ference in the escaping tenden- of the Hygienic Laboratory have ant has furnished good evi- chlorides. In the other is placed cies of the electrons in the two been particularly interested in dence that certain ethylene link- hydrogen gas at a definite pres- phases. This leads to the "fund- developing a series of indicators ages are hydrogenated not by sure. In each is immersed a amental" equation useful in detecting intensities any process that is susceptible bare platinum electrode. This RT of reduction in a manner com- to electrochemical measurement arrangement constitutes an elec- E = C -F In e parable with the use of acid- base indicators in detecting in- and formulation, but by the ti"ic cell. Accompanying the where e represents the escaping tensities of acidity. direct addition of hydrogen with withdrawal of current from this tendency of the electrons in the In this con- nection the aid of catalysts. There i» cell, there occurs in one of the solution system containing a we must not neglect to repeat also the case of direct oxygen half-cells the oxidation of hydro- mixture of oxidant and reduc- that our discussiion has ignored the quantity addition such as we find in the gen to hydrions, and in the other tant, the interaction of which factor of oxidation-reduction, which re- oxidation of hemoglobin to oxy- half-cell the reduction of ferric is described by hemoglobin. Conant could find to ferrous ions. It is an example presents still another aspect of Ox e = Red no evidence that this system can of what Ostwald described as -I- the problem. be measured or formulated bj' "chemical action at a distance". The important consequence of We have formulated our equa- the methods we have been con- The reaction may be reversed this formulation is that the tions with the guidance of the sidering. On the other hand, ho by driving current from an ex- arbitrarily assumed difference postulate of electron transfer. found that the hemoglobin-me- ternal source against the elec- between oxidant and reductant That the resulting equations fit themoglobin system can be meas- tromotive force of the cell. In is one w'hich makes the reduc- the experimental facts is no ured and formulated. The elec- short, the cell is re\ersible. If tant in this case written into an argument whatever that the trochemical method both by its now at constant temperature anion. Obviously the oxidant postulate represents actuality. positive and negative evidence the external electromotive force could be a cation and the reduc- It can easily be shown that the is beginning to furnish a back- is nicely balanced against that of tant neutral, or the charges same working equations can be ground for judging the adequacy the cell and there is attained could be otherwise distributed derived with the guidance of of certain theories regarding the experimentally one of the near- so long as the difference is equi- other postulated mechanisms, or mechanism of biological oxida- est approaches to the ideal con- valent to a gain in electrons by derived entirely without the tion-reduction. dition for maximum work. Ther- the reductant. In any case ihe guidance of any mechanistic modynamics then furnishes ihe reductant is less basic or more postulate wbatever. But once Few reversible, electromotive- eauation relating the free energy acidic than the oxidant, and thus we have the experimental data ly active organic systems are of the reaction to its equilibrium it becomes evident that the hy- and realize their independence found among the compounds constant. drion concentration of the solu- of mechani.stic postulate we are which the biochemist has The free energy in this in- tion is a fundamentally import- curious to see if they are sug- isolated from living cells and stance is measured in electrical ant factor. gestively in favor of any specific from among the products of units, and since we know that For the discussion mechanism of oxidation-reduc- present their metabolism. Yet the favor- one faraday of quantity is as- there is no need to pursue the tion. ite tool of the biochemist in his sociated with the transformation development working of the In the first place, it has been study of biochemical oxidation- of one gram mol of ferrous to equations in detail. It may definitely shown that the ioni- reduction has been one of the ferric ions, it is useful to center merely be stated that they in- zation constants appertaining reversible and electromotively attention upon the intensity fac- clude the relation of electrode to groups in active dye systems, notably that tor of the work term, namely, potential not the ratio the reductant creat- only to of methylene blue. the potential difference of the of total oxidant to total reduct- ed by the process of reduction electromotive force of the cell. ant but al-o to the effects of have distinctly different values. (Continued on Page 3) THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

COHEN SUMMARY The potential found for cell suspensions containing this suc- (Continued from Page 2) cinic-fumaric acid system is dis- tinctly negative to that which READY OCTOBER 1st. the Needhams on the one hand It has been showR by Biilmann and Wurmser and Rapkine on in the reduction of certain that the other are finding in aerobic reversible Laboratory Directions azo dyes there is a cells by micro-injection of oxi- stage followed by an irreversible dation-reduction indicators. The IN rearrangement. We have shown region of potential that they find of certain is confirmed by other types of that in the oxidation I {experiment. In short, certain Histological Technique diamines, such as benzidine, very different types of experi- reversible stage fol- By B. F. KINGSBURY, Ph. D., M. there is a ment converge to the conclusion D. process lowed by an irreversible that the aerated cell maintains and which we infer to be a certain a potential distinctly oxidative O. A. JOHANNSEN, Ph. D. type of autoxidation. Conant to the methylene blue system and distinctly reductive to cer- offers a very good rational inter- Cornell University tain indophenol systems. But pretation to the otherwise still this is enormously far distant This book represents the combination of technique notes empirioal potentials de- wi-itten by useful from the potential of any sys- the first author for use in connection with courses in Histology fining what reagents will pro- tem in equilibrium with the oxy- offered by him for medical, premedical, and verterinary students, duce an irreversible reduction gen of our atmosphere. can with a similar outline of histological methods designed by the second We author reagents will not. for use in courses dealing primarily with the histology of and what see no other conclusion than the insects. Thus in the study of irreversible following: In the perticipation Inasmuch as reactions there is being stimu- of oxygen in the chemistry of the methods for the microscopic examination of animal structure are fundamentally the same, whether the structure is normal lated the search for that type of the living cell there is, on the or pathological, the approach medical or zoological, it is believed that reversible change intermediate, one hand, no potentiometrically there has been here produced a book of much broader usefulness, which is amenable to formula- measurable oxygen equilibrium without in any way sacrificing its value in histological work of more tion and to definite measurement and yet, on the other hand, there specific application. A rigid selection has been exercised, so that of the multitudinous methods employed in microscopic work only by the methods here described. is some means by which the oxy- those are given which meet the requirements for attaining a broad gen, In our own work dating from contending against the re- practical knowledge of animal structure. 1919, we have found that the ductive processes of the cell, effects of cell suspensions upon maintains a more or less definite electrodes were as if some sys- and potentiometrically measur- tem or systems in the cell had able level of oxidation-reduction a definite electromotive activity. intensity. There is additional JOHN WILEY & SONS, Inc., Publishers Cannan, Cohen and Clark re- support to this view and the cently obtained results which promise of useful extension of 440 FOURTH AVENUE, NEW YORK can best be explained at present our knowledge in the results on the hypothesis that the living from micro-injection studies cell activates some of its meta- now being completed by Drs. bolites in such a way that there Chambers, 'Reznikoff and Pol- is produced an extremely small lack in collaboration with Dr. quantity of electromotively Cohen. THE active material. This the cell We never find electrode po- continues to supply from a com- tentials more positive than about reserve. The paratively large -L.2 volt at pH. 7 as measured SCIENTIFIC smallness of the quantity pre- both by indicators and electrode sent at any moment accounts for even after air has been bubbled the precarious nature of the po- through a cell suspension. Cul- tentials observed. The definite- tures of certain anaerobic bac- MONTHLY ness of some of this material teria, as measured by electrodes FOR AUGUST would account for the definite and independently by such indi- THE HISTORY OF THE ALPHABET. Professor Ingo W. D. trend of potentials and the in- cators as are available for rough Hackh 97 teraction between cell suspension estimates, oan induce not only and reversible oxidation-reduc- the potential of the hydrogen SPIRITUAL VALUES IN SCIENCE. Professor Victor E. tion indicators. The results en- electrode but also a definite al- Levine 119 tirely freed from postulates lead though silght overvoltage. Of PHYSICAL LAWS AND SOCIAL PHENOMENA. Dr. R. B. to a powerful experimental significance in this connection is Lindsay 127 method of attack. the fact that under the condi- CREDULITY VERSUS SCIENTIFIC DEMONSTRATION. T. The reaction between succinic tions imposed, these organisms acid and methylene blue leading are able to liberate free hydro- SWANN Hardikg 133 to fumaric acid and methylene gen from the medium as a pro- SOME STATISTICAL ASPECTS OF LIVINGNESS. Profes- white might presumably alone duct of their metabolism. sor D. Eraser Harris 139 reach an equilibrium, but this The question of biological oxi- THE UNFIT SURVIVE. Dr. Herbert Maynard Diamond 144 would probably take a very long dation-reduction SCIENCE AND RELIGION. I. time. In the presence of muscle now appears Professor W. Howerth 151 tissue the attainment of equi- to resolve itself into two distinct A SUMMER ON LOGAN RIVER. Professor James G. Needham 162 librium is greatly hastened. aspects: the problem of the TRANSATLANTIC TELEPHONY. Dr. Frank B. Jewett 170 Thunberg, observing the extent catalysis of oxygenation as a THE SABER-TOOTH TIGER. W. A. Spalding 182 to which the methylene blue sys- special aspect of oxidation ap- THE PROGRESS OF SCIENCE: tem is transformed and using plying to the aerobic metabolism our data for the methylene blue Hoiv Big can a Star be? The Unseen Life of the Soil; the system, calculated the potential of the cell; and the problem of Contribution of Scientific Men to American Independence; to which the fumaric-succinic the catalysis leading to that type Alessandro Volta 183 system is transformed by mus- of oxidation-reduction which cle tissue. His value is plus can be formulated by the elec- THE SCIENCE PRESS .005 volts at pH. 6.7. Essen- trochemical methods here dis- LANCASTER, PA.—GRAND CENTRAL TERMINAL, tially the same equilibrium was cussed, and studied when the N. Y. CITY—GARRISON, N. Y. found by Quastel who worked cell is under anaerobic condi- Yearly Subscription $5.00 Single Copies 50 cents with resting bacterial cells. tions. PAGE FOUK THE COLLECTING NET

time that theii* production com- one of which may be chosen ar- and the oxidised form and the Collecting Net The mandeers. Dr. and Mrs. Clark bitrarily, e. g. a calomel half pH. In order to represent these A weekly publication devoted to have done a great deal for the cell. It represents the standard relationships in one graph a the activities of the Marine Biologi- laboratory each year in raising value of the potential to which special coordinate system in cal Laboratory and of Woods Hole in the money required to support the oxidation potential of the three dimensions must be ap- general. the Clubs. Their enforced ab- other half cell is referred. As a plied. BOARD OF ADVISORS sence during the critical period rule the potential of the oxida- The speaker succeeded in es- Robert Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, this summer was too easily evi- tion chain is referred not to the tablishing a whole set of such Cornell University Medical School. dent in the recent productions. calomel cell but to a hydrogen dye-stuff systems mostly belong- gas electrode in which the hy- ing to the Indophenols and Edwin G. Conklin, Prof, of Biology, of one Indigo-dye-stuffs. Princeton University. Our Reduction in Size drogen gas has a pressure He selected atmosphere and the pH of the a suitable group of these dye- Woodruff, Prof, of Zoo- Lorande L. solution is zei-o. The other half stuffs which he syntheszied him- logy, Yale University. It is undoubtedly a loss to is soluton, the oxidation self have this number of The Col- cell the to a great extent and estab- EDITORIAL STAFF potential of which is to be meas- lished a set of lecting Net reduced in size. oxidation-reduc- Ware Cattell Editor sured, in contact with an elec- tion-indicators which can be But the loss here is a gain to Art Editor of or gold Hugh Montgomery the extent of $40.00 for our trode blanc platinum used as a substitute for poten-

. . News Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn General Scholarship Fund. without any gas. Any solution tiometric measurements in the Helen S. Morris Genei-al News showing a potential more posi- same way as other dye-stuffs Jack Fogg Sport News MICHAELIS REVIEW tive than the hydrogen electrode can be used for measurement of Business Staff is an oxidant for hydrogen and pH. The oxidation reduction Katharine Underwood. .. .Bus. Man. according to the greater or less- potential of any given solution (Continued from Page 1) Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. er potential difference against can be measured by adding a the hydrogen electrode it is a suitable indicator of this series electron produces an anion of a stronger or a weaker oxidant. and evaluating colorimetrically (Application for entry as secoiid-class very weak acid and at the given matter is pending.) There is no absolute boundary the percentage of reduction pH this anion combines to a between oxidants and reduct- brought about by the solution great extent with the hydrogen The Universal Press ants, there is only a scale of in- to be measured. ions of the solution the whole Bedford Woods Hole creasing oxidative power which New process appears to consist in an These methods were also used Massachusetts in reversed order represents the addition of hydrogen and there- in the measurement of the re- scale of increasing reductant duction fore belongs to the oxidation power in living cells and power. The Club Flays processes even in the older sense tissues. The dye-stuff method There are relatively few is restricted in so far as a single . i'f the word whereas really the dye-stuff only covers a small There seems to be a difference electron and the hydrogen ion chemical systems in which an range in the whole scale where- regard to the pro- is taken in by the original mole- oxidation can take place in a re- of opinion in as the potentiometric measure- cule, one after the other. It is versible way. Most of these sys- gram presented for the benefit ment gives a full picture of the very remarkable that in organic of the Social and Tennis Clubs tems are solutions of organic entire course of the potential chemistry, probably without ex- sixth -of August. In gen- dye-stuffs, the reduction of while the reduction in the living on the ception, the intake or the loss which produces a colourless cell goes on. The reduction po- eral the older and more consei-- of electrons takes place only in substance which b y oxygen tential is fully developed only vative people regarded it as not pairs: i. e. a single electron is spontaneously and reversibly is in absence of oxygen but re- never taken in or given off but measuring up to the standards restituted to the dye-stuff. 40 markably enough the reducing always two at the same time, of the laboratory community years ago Paul Ehrlich utilized power as measured by the re- whereas the combination with either in taste or in quality. these reversible dye-stuffs sys- duction of dye-stuffs is not in the two hydrogen ions corre- Others considered the perform- tems as a scale for the reduction every case in agreement with sponding to the two electrons ance even more fun than usual. intensity of living tissues. the potential measured by the always takes place in steps ; first Almost without exception the Ehrlich was in this respect far gold electrode or with the pres- the one and after that the other. part acted by the boys—who ahead of his time and a quanti- sure of oxygen. Obviously the This is illustrated in the fact put on their act with scarcely tative elaboration of this idea oxygen gas is not in a thermo- that in any bivalent acid there is any help—was well liked. could be only performed after dynamic equilibrium with the a remarkable difference in the In the following words we the theory of oxidation-reduc- oxidable substances in the tis- two dissociation constants, e. g. were forewarned: tion-chains had been developed. sues. In such a case the time hydro-quinone may loose first The theory of these chains was factor plays a great role, and "In order to meet the varied tastes one hydrogen ion and at a high- the members of our large and given twenty years^ "^so by the interpretation of the meas- of er alkalinity gradually also the complex community—to please the Peters who utilized Nern.st's ured reduction potentials is other one, but in the process of high-brow, the low-brow, and the theory of galvanic chains for encountered with greater diffi- omni-brow, and to do it in one even- oxidation of hydroguinone to the case of oxidation chains. culties than in conditions of ing—a diversified feast will be laid there is intermediate nuinone no equilibrium. Different of them, and it is predicted that The further elaboration for kinds before step. he will be a most ardent pessimist the more complicated systems cells, especially bacteria, ap- and misanthrope who will not thor- In connection with the newer such as organic dyes has been proach after a sufficient time of if not all of oughly enjoy some part definition of oxidation and re- performed chiefly by the speak- anaerobic conditions different the program." duction a method can be develop- er Dr. Clark. He has not only values of reduction potentials. The consensus of opinion is ed for the quantitative measure- created an amplification of the In strongly reducing bacteria, that the plan did not work. Un ment of the intensity of the oxi- theory applicable for any parti- such as bacterium coli which less time can be found to pre dant or reductant force. In cular case which may occur but produce hydrogen gas from sent really good plays—and to earlier periods of chemistry the also showed the intrinsic rela- carbohydrates, the reduction po- present them well—we feel that quantitative side of oxidation tions between oxidation poten- tential will even exceed the value no loss would be incurred in dis- or reduction force was as badly tials and pH. Whenever the of the hydrogen electrode. Usual- with this now annual developed as the quantitative pensing oxidised form of a dye stuff i.« ly the reduction potential will alkalinity. affair. The excellent suggestion side of acidity or an electrolyte of a different dis- lie somewhere between the hy- has been made that the M. B. L. Just as the measurement of the sociation constant in the reduced drogen and the oxygen electrode, Club dues of 31.50 be assessed electromotive forces of the hy- form, the oxidation potential of indeed much closer to the hy- along with the tuition and re- rlrogen gas chain furnished a a mixture of the oxidised and drogen electrode. The role of search space charges. If this (luantitative scale for acidity the reduced form depends not oxygen seems to be to keep the could be arranged ample money and alkalinity, the measurement only on the particular kind of reduction potential of the tis- would be obtained without pre- of the electromotive forces of an the dye-stuff and the ratio of the sues far enough from the hydro- senting the customary plays. oxidation-reduction-chain pro- oxidised and the reduced form gen potential. Thus a new pro- This plan would have certain vides the quantitative scale of but also on pH. Thus the po- blem concerning the role of definite advantages. Few peo- oxidation and reduction power. tential in a dye-stuff system de- oxygen in life has arisen the ple realize or appreciate the Such an oxidation reduction pends on two variables, the con- solution of which has, by far, large expenditure of energy and chain consists of two half cells, centration ratio of the reduced not yet been reached. —— : —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE FIVE

PEARCE LECTURE ground and dried into a powder, which when mixed with gun SINCE 1852 enables game to be more (Continued from Pag-e 1) powder MAKERS OF easily .shot. This dried powder Microscopes and Accessories is used hasten child birth. for some time and, when dis- also to Microtomes Many other superstitions keep turbed, seldom move back into Projection Apparatus the people in a state of fear of the water but skip around on Photomicrographic Cameras devil-gods. the surface. Small vascular Field Glasses Kano id the largest city of the chambers invaginated from the uotanical Apparatus region visited by Dr. Pearse. branchial cavity function as It is surrounded by a wall 12 Photographic Lenses while the respiratory organs miles long and is about 20 feet Centrifuges fish is out of water, and account hig'h and 20 feet thick. It also Haemocylometers for this peculiar habit. The cast has large granaries and water Spectrometers reservoirs. Before the Britisii net by which the natives obtain Catalogues Refractometers came into control of the country their food fish was described. Kano withstood siege from sav- On Request Colorimeters The animals in southern age tribes for long periods. The Other Optical Products Nigeria are all small. The larger British have maintained peace m-ammals such as are found in among the natives and little warfare is now carried on. Kano &: Optical Co. northern Africa can not live in Bausch Lomb is a well organized city although the try- this region because of of a primitive culture. Main Office and Factory: Rochester, N. Y. panosome diseases carried toy New York: Park and 42nd Sts. Chicago: 5 No. Wabash Ave. the tse-tse fly. A full grown Dr. J. Mansfield Clark was Boston: 333 Washington St. San Francisco: 28 Geary St. deer shot by Dr. Pearse was only taken by sailboat to New Bed- 20 inches in height. ford on Wednesday, Aug. 10, where he took a train to Boston. The foraging ants are abun- Dr. D. Cohen was captain of the dant in Nigeria and their run- craft and the two were accom- ways 'built of earth may be seen panied by Dr. Reznikoff. Dr. The BNA Clark made a short visit to in the guinea grass regions. Arranged as an Outline- of Woods Hole and during his stay These ants are constantly on the delivered one of the evening for food which move, foraging lectures. A summary of this Regional and Systematic Anatomy they obtain from the homes of lecture with a review by Dr. A Contribution to the Science and Teaching of Anatom.y the termite ants. The foraging Michaelis appears elsewhere in BY ants are usually accompanied by this issue of The Collecting Net. the Bengalra fly which attacks Victor E. Emmel CLIPPED FROM THE the ants as they return from the LONDON TIMES Professor of -'.aatomy. College of Medicijie, University of Illinois termite nests and robs them of Laboratory Guest at The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology their booty. REVISED SECOND EDITION The following letter has been In southern Nigeria four per The Basle Aroatomical Nomenclature (the BNA) has been pre- submitted by "pH. D." eminently successful in the elimination of appro.^imately 45,000 un- cent, of the rats have the plague. Dear Sir: necessary synonyms for the macroscopic structures of the human A large number of the natives body, and has consequently become an international anatomic I am Wang. It is for my personal language. have the p'lague but a census of beniefit that I write for a position in your honoralble Bank. This list of some 5000 terms, intended for common use in the medical this disease among the natives schools, was arranged on the basis of systematic human anatomy. I have a flexible brain that will is impossible because they con- It appears obvious, however, that, from the standpoint of practical adapt itself to your 'business and in anatomy, a regional arrangement of these terms in conjunction with c e a 1 information concerning consequence bring good efforts to your their systematic tabulation would greatly increase the usefulness of good J elves. My education was im- death and sickness. The dead the BNA. pressed U'pon me in the Peking Uni- objective in mind, the present systemiatic has been are often buried beneath the versiity in 'Whioh place I g:raduated With this BNA regional arrangement of anatomical Number One. expanded to include a correlated houses. terms—an arrangement based upon the sequence in which the struc- I can drive a typewriter with good tures indicated toy these terms may be exposed and demonstrated to There are five species of the no.i's2 and Eng-liish is gi'eat. my the naked eye in actual dissection—thus securing a direct association filaria worm infesting this re- My references are of 'good and of the term with the visualization of the structure to which it refers. should you hope to see me they will a minimum encroachment upon individual initiative is gion. All drinking water is Although 'be read iby you with great -plaasure. evaluated as a dominant objective to be sought, concise statements either kept in tanks or boiled My last job has left itself from me are given for the more difficult incisions and dissections involved in demonstration of the structures listed. The order in which the before using due to the preval- for the good roasion that the large the man had dead. It was on account of regions are dealt with is based upon a sequence which facilitates those structural relationships greatest practical ence of these worms. Dr. no fault of mine. So, honorable Sir, observation of of significance. The work consequently contitutes a basis for a direct Pearse drank only soda water what about it? If I can be of big use correlation of anatomical terminology and structure in the practical to you, I will arrive on some date that of the cadaver and presents a resume of regional and systema- as a preventative while w'orking you should guess. study tic anatomy for anatomical and clinical reference. in the "bush". Faithfully yours, of about 250 pages, illustrated with twelve plates and Wang. This book Dr. Pearse told of some of figures in delineation of surface anatomy and surface projections of the skeleton, will be ready September 15, 1927. Price, $3.50, bound the superstitions of the native Spermatophytes^ in cloth. people. The crocodile is a sacred ADDRESS WISTAR INSTITUTE OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY animal and one large individual Who walks by ocean, lake or stream THE

: : Philadelphia, Pa. Notes how the mattc-d Algae teem, Thirty-sixth Street and Woodland Avenue : : is kept in an enclosure and fed j ' Who feeds on mushrooms or on yeast on various diets. It is believed Doth draw on Funrji for his feast. that if one of a pair of human He who in mossy banks delights Shall couch himself on Bryophytes, twins is fed to the crocodile good Who after ferny dells doth spy luck will forever accompany the Plcridophytes shall glad his eye; BUY, BUY, BIOLOGISTS Sweet flowers, tall grain, and mighty family. If twins are not avail- trees able chickens serve to bring dljomatopkytes embrace all these. FROM Our ADVERTISERS good fortune. Chameleons are I Scien'ce News Letter, Nov. 6, 19261 PAGE SIX THE COLLECTING NET

THE CHEMISTRY OF In recent years, by means of ultra-violet light, be converted focussed upon a large number thousands of feeding experi- into a mixture possessing the of cholesterol derivatives pre- THE VITAMINS activity of vitamin D prepara- viously prepared by the German ments, the distribution of these tions. The biochemists immedi- chemist Windaus, who has de- substances in food stuffs has ately saw a possibility of obtain- voted his life to untangling the By Dr. Blanchard been carefully determined. Few ing this substance in quantities structural mysteries of choles- ir.vestigators, however, have sufficient for identification. Un- terol and its derivatives. Win- Just thirty years ago, the turned their attention to the fortunately only a very small daus readily cooperated with quantity of the cholesterol was the English inve.stigators, and Dutch physician Eijkman first concentration, isolation, and endowed with anti-richitic prop- with Hess in America, with the chemical characterization of observed the unique syndrome erties by ultra-violet radiation. result that the sterol, ergosterol, these interesting components of of avian polyneuritis in hens For some time, however, this was found to possess not only our food. fact was viewed with curiosity the three absorption bands mis- whose diet had been restricted In a recent evening lecture. rather than from the standpoint sing from Drummond's prepara- to polished rice. He compared Dr. Drummond, of the Univers- of organic chemistry. tion of cholesterol, but also the the dis- property of yielding, on ultra- this condition to human ity of London, discussed in some Drummond finally succeeded detail the results obtained violet irradiation, a vitamin D ease beri-beri, and showed that by by tedious fractional recrystal- preparation effective in prevent- diet those few investigators who it could be relieved by a lization in preparing a sample have sought to isolate the vari- ing rickets, when used in almost containing either rice hulls or of cholesterol of higher melting- ous vitamins. He described in unbelievably small doses. their aciueous extract. Approxi- point than any previously ob- some detail the method used 'by Unfortunately do not tained. In his lecture he stated we know mately a decade later, Hopkins Janscn and Doneth, who extract- that he was "inordinately proud precisely the structural config- pointed out that animals could ed 100 kilos of rice polishings of this achievement", but was uration of either cholesterol or not deevlop and live upon an with acidified alcohol. The active soon disappointed on finding ergosterol, it is impossible to as- principle in the extract was ad- apparently complete diet con- that the sample could not be certain the structure of vitamin sorbed on clay, desorbed, and sisting of proteins, fats, car'bo- rendered active by ultra-violet D. This problem, moreover, is not then subjected to a series of radiation. Seeking an explana- likely to be solved by any except hydrates, and inorganic salts, fractional precipitations with tion, he took it to the organic a skilled organic chemist train- without the addition of unknown silver salts. Finally a few tenths chemist Heilbronn, who, on spec- ed in untangling molecular in- accessory food factors. We may of a gram of material posses- troscopic examination, quickly tricacies. It is known, however, properly regard these observa- sing all the vitamin-activity of ascertained that its absorption that ergosterol is a more un- the original 100 kilos were tions as the beginning of experi- spectrum differed by three bands saturated compound than cho- obtained. This material was ments with those peculiarly from that of ordinary prepara- lesterol, and it seems a reason- remarkably active, .000002 gram elusive entities tions of cholesterol, although able assumption that its activa- now termed the daily being all that was neces- the chemical properties of the tion is in some way connected vitamins. sary to keep animals on a vi- two were identical. It followed with alterations in the configu- tamin B-free diet in a healthy After the passage of another then that cholesterol as ordinari- ration of the unsaturated link- condition. Although these ten years, a ho.'^t of investigators ly prepared contained a very ages possibly a simple poly- authors have determined the — concentrated small amount of an impurity merization. Such speculation, their attentions up- empirical formula of the sub- responsible alike for the three however, will be fruitless until on these substances, with the stance to be CH'^ON^, unfor- absorption bands and the anti- we know more concerning the result that it soon became evi- tunately they did not determine richitic activity developed by ir- structural chemistry of the par- its molecular weight; hence 't dent that vitamins are apparent- radiation. Attention was thus ent substance—ergosterol. is impossible say this ly not proteins, not glucids nor to whether is the true for^^ula or only the lipins, but are organic in nature, simplest one. Professor Drum- and are indispensable for the mond pointed cut the important B proper metabolism of organisms fact that the vitamin B itself int;apable of synthesizing them might possibly be present in W C DAVIS-COMPANY from the elementary foods. Al- much smaller quantity, adsorbed upon the compound isolated. though knowing absolutely no- HOME FU/9NISMERS He next discoursed upon the thing about their structure or FALMOUTH MASS progress made by Zilva of the =S chemical identity, biochemists Lister Institute, in obtaining a now recognize the existence of vitamin C concentrate. This in- six such substances. These have vestigator has succeeded in ob- been termed respectively vitamin taining all of the anti-scorbutic alo Daylight Lamp for Microscope and Colorimeter activity a liter of lemon juice A, B, C, D, E, and P-P. The of in a fraction weighing less than ||-; Illumination, Also for pH Colorimetric Work omission of any one of them 0.0,S% of the original juice. from the diet produces a unique While this product is bv no pathological condition which means a pure substance, it has may be relieved by a diet abun- a trulv remarkable anti-scorbu- dant in the missing vitamin. In tic activity. the absence of Vitamin A, The lecturer followed this by n discussion of one of the most growth ceases, and experimental interesting phases of modern animals develop the eye condi- biochemistry—the characteriza- tion, xerophthalmia; in the tion of the anti-richitic factor, absence of B, young animals vitamin D. It was early found cease to grow and adults develop that this substance was present in the non-saponificable fraction beri-beri; in the absence of C, i'lii^ lump priidiireH a tTUi- mihI iiatnriil Xorllt nU,> liRlit. 'I'ho liKht from ii of cod-liver oil. Drummond and f^pr4-);il .Mazfia bulb Is lUtcri'il tliroiiicb uti iM-4-tir:ili- tiller leiiN, tlir i-olor ciim- scurvy occurs, the scourge of l»nr.ltJ<>ii of wliieh hiiH bo^-^n stbntmniHy (b'tcrmhu'd. Tbf L'suKiint N'ortb his associates succeeded in ob- NUyliKbi ra.VH an- ilirtH-t*"*! upon ki n'fU'i'tor «hlcli liuTcaHi-d llio IlRht (HIViinIoii the wind-jammer crews and ex- taining a more concentrated pre- ami tbiiM nrodiu-cH n more nci'iinite nml iniiforni illiimiiiiitlon. Y\'rito for our iruiimntood fla.vli'cbt biilli-tiii plorers ; the absence of D results paration, by distillation in high in rickets, to be observed in vacuo. Later Steenbock in this country, and Rosenhain and COMPANY children in any tenement dis- PALO Webster in England, discovered Apparatus for Industrial and Laboratory Use trict; without E, sterility is pro- that cholesterol, which had pel- 153 WEST 23RD STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. duced ; and without P-P, absolutely no anti-richitic acti- lagra ensues. vity, could, by irradiation with —

THE COLLECTING NET PAGE SEVEN

S-Iarvey Robi^nson iiationcination. In the martial James Compliments of atmosphere of an examination -iEXAS OILS AND GA.S Leaves for Dartmouth room a student can not do his PENZANCE GARAGE best work, and in general con- Woods Ho!e Garage Co. WOODS HOLE, MA.SS. James Harvey Robinson, his- conducive to ditions are not Day or Night A. L. A. torian, and author of "Mind in memory. Tel. 643 Opp. Station clear thinking or good Phone G.52 Towing the Making", who has spent the Mr. Robinson regards the Phi left on summer in Woods Hole, Beta Kappas as a "bunch of Wednesday evening for Dart- boobs" and does not consider mouth where he will attend a them any more capable and in- conference on social science and telligent than any other similar HUDSON-ESSEX Dr, George H. Greene will discuus his own methods in group. There are exceptions, of pres- CARS the art of teaching and of course, but in general they MOTOR DENTIST facts. The title of his enting must submit to stereotypism and We have several good second lecture will be "The heavy tra- ()iri(!i', Nearly Opposite Si. liarnahns a premium is placed on memory. hand cars for sale. JIt'uiorial Cliurch ditions of book making". Prof. Robinson is much inter- Robinson, a quiet per- of present- Prof. ested in the question The Crocker Garage FALMOUTH, MASS. son with iron grey hair, a rather ing difficult subjects to the non- looking moustache they Corporation, Inc. determined in a way that '.) - specialist Hours: A. M. 12 M. ; 1-4 P. M. spent and intent grey eyes, has can be easily comprehended. Telephone 35 the summer taking the course When people write they must Falmcuih Ma in protozoology because he keep constantly before them the wanted to find out a little more kind of persons to whom they about life, and his determination are writing and adapt it to their to find out has extended well be- mental make-up. Writing of the laboratory. Prof. science in itself ROBir^ SON'S yond this kind is a RIDE THE BUS Robinson's room at the May- pnd Prof. Robinson has thought PHARMACY flower Hotel is equipped with a and worked on this problem for B. W. Dris, Prop. TO FALMOUTH laboratory table fitted with mi- years. This he has well shown R. W. Nickerson, Reg. Phar. croscopes accompanied with cul- in his "The Humanizing of It costs less than to tures of protozoa which he has Knowledge". Falmoutlh's Oldest drive your own car. a habit of taking home from the He is now engaged in editing Drugstore class room and of studying until a series of books called "Human- First-class Drugs and Imported the early hours of the morning. izing Knowledge" in which he Toilet Articles B. R. NICKERSON His equipment and the systema- and his fellow editors, especial- A Registered Pharmacist WOODS HOLE, MASS. tic arrangement of his material ly Daniel T. MacDougall, present Always on Duty would be a credit even to a pro- facts Avith a technique that Avill fessional biologist. attempt to stimulate rather than It is his contention that if repel the incipient thirst for social science is to be made into knoAvledge. something more than an amateur Visit Cape Cod's Largest Dr. R. B. Little slumming trip it must begin and Mrs. ARENO'SKI'S Department Store The from the RockefelloAv Institute Avith a study of biology. Est. 1892 Phone 410 H. MALCHMAN biological processes. Prof. in Princeton, N. J. are visiting The Home of control the Laboratory for a week. &BRO. Robinson says, human Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothing activity, and human behaviour is Hubbard Hats Thos. Jlalehman, Prop. Dr. Read Ellsworth, who Lamson & based on fundamental biological Printzess Suits, Coats and

AA'^orked last summer in Woods : CLOTHIERS, HATTERS reactions. It is impossible to Dresses Hole as associate of Dr. L. and FURNISHERS try to understand civilization Walk-Over Shoes Michaelis visited last week on and groups of men without first Satisfaction Guaranteed or a trip to B'oston. Money Refunded Main Street Falmouth understanding their evolution- Falmouth -:- -:- Mass. Telephone Connection ary background. The following members of the for Prof. Robi.nson, who has National Academy of Sciences l educational meth- years studied have been in residence at the im- ods, was most favorably Marine Biological Laboratory pressed with the way in which during the present season : Drs. con- the laboratory courses were G. H. Parker, T. H. Morgan, E. appre- ducted. He expressed his G. Conklin, L. L. Woodruff, B. ciation of the laboratory by pre- TIME M. Duggar, C. R. Stockard, C. senting the editor of The Col- is the important fa<-tor in all nl»oloa:y and Physiologry > "' 'i- do'^s not appear to see The Journal of Comparative Neurology discussing his in the In work TV|p n-jiy, aquatic scenery. The AHHTican Journal of Anatomy class room this summer Prof. It seems a most cucumbroiis way The Anatomiral Record Robinson suggested that if a :t' drowsing thru the sunny day. Tlie Jounsal of Kxperimental Zoology Ain'-Tican Anatoniieal ^lemoris dark-field condensor and a Olg-a Marx were American Journal of Physical Anthropology Greenough microscope Folia Anatomica Japonica (Tokyo, Japan) placed at the disposal of the CAMOUFLAGE Biological Bulletin students it might help them Seme students though they'd fool a Tlie Journiil of Parasitology greatly in seeing their specimens Prof, >St;iin Te«-linology And at his helpless poundprang scoff. Australian Journal of Experimental Biology from dilTerent angles and in To him they lug, with faces smug, and Medical Science (Adelaide, South Australia) identifying better them with a A neatly glued composite bug. Advance Abstract Sheets -_._-_-- $3.00 per year understanding. Tb"v tpll a tale hnw they came by it, Bibliog-raphic Service Cards - $5.00 per year Prof. Robinson does not ap- And ask bim to identify it: Both appear before the complete articles are published prove of American education in The Prof glanced o'er his glasses marge general, since so much of it is THE WISTAR INSTITUTE "The student hum-bug—CAMOU- cut and dried rote work that FLAGE". Thlrty-Klxth Street and Woodland Avenue :: Philadelphia, Pa. glorifies memory instead of pH. D. ! !

PAGE EIGHT THE COLLECTING NET

THINGS WENT ASKE\V | JAPANESE HAVE SISTER MARINE LABORATORIES Beach Party? ABOARD THE LOU I FRESH ROLLS

(Cliiipi'il frmu till' Vlneyaril Gazitte) (Continued from Page 1) BACON SAUSAGE The night was dark, peace and a north-wefitern seaport of STEAKS hovered nigh, all Woods Hole CHOPS Hokkaido. It may be mentioned was asleep, when down where EVERYTHING that another laboratory is now SERVICE all the moored boats lie did bold QUICK under construction at Amakusn LOW PRICES miscreants creep. They saw the by the staff of the Kyushu good ship Lou hauled out upon Morrison's Imperial University. There is Market the railway there while sounds Woods Hole, Mass. every sign that the newly estab- of snoring surged about and lished Formosa Imperial Uni- shook the midnight air. versity will have within a few 'Twas Captain Nelson Luce years its own marine laboratory slumber of the who slept the on thai island. Really, the study these maraud- just, while nearer of marine forms has been one through blockings, ers crept of the favorite fields of research and dust, until they chains in Japan, just as the people of shadow cast by reached the the Great Eritian have had bark. Oh Nelson's land-bourne strong propensity for the mari the moon above the mast then ners' life. It will, therefore, not doings, dark looked down on be surprising to find that several The shackle from the chain Japanese zoologists have been was knocked, the wedges all assigned to work up some of the drawn back from where the collections of the Albatross and cradle wheels were chocked upon Siboga expeditions and that the the railway track. Then with a students of Princeton Univer- heaving bar they worked, they sity have to be quized with twisted and they pried until the Cypridina from Japan. laden cradle jerked and started for the tide. A meeting of the executive Within the cabin Captain committee of the Division of Luce uprose from off his bed and Biology and Agriculture of the vaguely mumbled, "What the National Research Council was deuce!" as carlines bumped his held at the Laboratory on Aug. head. And ere the deck came 8th. Present were Dr. William to his view, though speeding Crocker. Chairman. Dr. L. L. from his berth, the cradle quick- Woodruff, vice-chairman. Drs. ened and the Lou forsook the L. J. Cole. B. M. Duggar, C. E. solid earth! Allen, M. M. IMetcalf, C. E. Mc- He gained the stairs and deck Clung, S. 0. Mast, R. A. Harper. at last, the moon peeped from a J. R. Schramm, F. R. Lillie, and cloud, the cradle held the Lou A. Thatcher. still fast and Nelson groaned aloud. Between him and the Dr. A. Terao. professor of dry beach sand the harbor Zoology at the Imperial Insti- waters rolled while from a tute of Fisheries, Tokio, Japan, steeple near at hand the hour of who spent the last winter with midnight tolled. biomotric studies at the Insti- Philosophy did aid him there; tute for Biological Research in it was a waiting game. He went Baltimore, came down to Woods below and slept again until the Hole to experiment on the in- morning came. Then hailed a fluence of uranium and radium, passer-by who strode along the radiations on the early cleavage harbor sand and launched a boat stages of Chaetopterus. to row the captain safe to land. All turned out well but Cap- D'-. Tetsuo Inukai, Assistant tain Luce declares it is no joke Professor of Zoology at the de- to suffer such ill-timed abuse and nartment of Agriculture in the have his slumber broke beside to Hokkaido Imperial University, suffer fear and shock lest harm Sapporo. Japan, arrived in befall his boat and, worst, to Woods Hole last week to spend stick as on a rock, at sea but not the rest of the season on re- afloat search work in Vertetorate Em- Hrvologv. will work at the Note: Captain Luce is in charge He of the fish traps at the laboratory. Wistar Institute of Anatomy and The italics are ours. We wanted our Biology in Philadelphia this local readers to know that someone, Fall. at least, appreciates "the dry beach sand" of the Eel Pond shore! Dr. N. Yagi, Assistant Pro- TO CHEVROLET OWNERS fessor of Entomology at the Kyoto Imperial University, A Verse for Land Animals Kyoto, Janan, arrived in Woods Our fruitful mother Chevrolet Hole on August 11. He spent Has many children under way. some time at the Department of It makes a per.son feel quite bitter General To count a million in a litter Physiology at Harvard And feel tliat nevermore can he University and is studying down Compete with su

VnMiiiic II HOLE, MASS., SATURDAY, 27, 1927 $ubNcri|»tinii $1.2r> Number S WOODS AUGUST

FIRE DESTROYS SHED SCHOLARSHFP FUND OF LOCAL CONTRACTOR SUPPLEMENT IN COMMEMORATION OF PROJECT SUCCESSFUL 'Tho Tale of An Ancient Mariner" Blazes Laid to Incendiarism JACQUES LOEB TO APPEAR THIS FALL Presented to a Larg^e Audience

Burning of Hatchville On Wednesday evening, Aug. as Decoy Place Used ^hitodcil Announcement 23, The Collecting Net sponsored a lecture on the whaling indus- Fire, believed to be of incen- carried on in days On the afternoon of August 4 exercises were held in try as it was destroyed the tool- were diary origin, the auditorium of the Marine Biological Laboratory on but recently gone by. We favored by having one of the shed of Sidney W. Lawrence, the occasion of the unveiling of the Memorial Tablet to best authorities speak to us on state highway contractor, and Jacques Loeb. Because of this and owing to the many years the subject, Mr. Chester Scott the old Parker place, at Hatch- in which Dr. Loeb has been intimately associated Howland of New Bedford, who morning, with this Laboratory, and the great influence" of his work ville, early Thursday Capt. George L. on the type of investigation which now so largely prevails, is a son of August 18. The latter, the for many years the it is fitting that The Collecting Net bring out a supplement Howland, of Howard Swift, was property in commemoration of Dr. Loeb. skipper of the Bark Canton. reported to be afire at 12:2-5 In 1890 Captain Howland was A feature of this commemorative number will be a a. m., a short while after the honored by the government of full page portrait of Dr. Loeb together with a reproduction close of the banquet which the Great Britain for the heroic res- of the Memorial Tablet. This picture will be suitable for firemen had held at Woods Hole. cue of 16 members of the crew framing. The remainder of the numher will be m.ade up The tool-shed was fired while of the Bark "British Monarch" of articles by Dr. Loeb's associates and friends, dealing the apparatus was all concen- burned at sea 700 miles off the especially with his life and personality. This supplement trated at Hatchville. coast of Africa. The lecture will be a greatly enlarged number to accommodate the few minutes after Elias was very fully illustrated with A material that is available. Ross, of Falmouth Heights, had both moving pictures and lan- Our subscribers will obtain the issue arrived at his post as watchman without charge, tern slides. The uses of several and in case their permanent for the State Highway con- address is not already on file whaling weapons and imple- it should be given to us before : struction depot near Lawrence's December 1. ments were demonstrated place, at 2 a. m., he heard talk- harpoon, shoulder bomb-gun, ing outside his shed. Going out, UNCATENA LAID UP LIBRARY TO GIVE AN bomb lance, killing lance and he discovered two men lighting AT VINEYARD HAVEN ELABORATE PROGRAM others. Possibly the mincing matches by the side of the work knife, of "Bible-leaf thinness" shop. These men escaped to a ability, will remain longest in On Tuesday morning while A program of songs, dances waiting automobile upon Ross's the rnemory of the actively re- docking at the Vineyard Haven and instrumental approach. When the watchman music will be ligious audience. wharf the Steamer Uncatena returned to his post he discov- rendered in the auditorium of Of the four kinds of whale met with an accident which has ered the tool-shed, which con- the Marine Biological Labora- extant, the sperm whale was the since prevented its scheduled tained equipment valued at sev- tory most highly prized, owing to its trips. Due to a mechanical de- on Thursday evening, Sept. eral thousand dollars, in flames. valuable yield of spermaceti. fect the connecting rod separat- 1, at eight o'clock. In the meantime, Fire Chief The voyagers pursued their ed from the piston head. No Woods Hole is very fortunate R. D. Wells had returned from quarry all over the world and other damage resulted, though in having such the blaze at Hatchville. He was an artist here as on the average a single expedi- the accident was a dangerous awakened by Officer Veasie Miss Use Huebner, formerly of tion lasted over a period of one and it is fortunate that the Brackett with the news that the Vienna, three years. The longest on engineer escaped the long and now with the Cincin- sky aglow. Chief Wells, record covered the time of was heavy connecting rod while nati Conservatory of Music, thinking that the fire at Hatch- eleven long years. All Woods swinging free. and a frequent soloist and ac- ville had rekindled, ordered the Holers have known ever since At the time of going to press companist with the Cincinnati apparatus to that place. When they became Woods Holers that we learn that the company ex- Orchestra. the mistake was discovered the they are in the general vicinity pects to have the veteran steam- She will play some delightful department hastened back to of the headquarters of the old er in service again on Saturday. trios for violin and cello and the fire at the tool-shed. whaling industry; but to have piano with Mrs. Truman Fas- — the tremendous significance of The hazards of the firemen Saturday afternoon, August sett, cellist, and Richard War- New Bedford and Nantucket in were materially increased by 20. the local fire department basse, violinist. The Misses this industry forcefully im- the fact that there were two answered a report put in by a Prossness will add variety to the pressed upon them was much drums of oil in the burning shed member of the Coast Guard Sta- program by giving a series of appreciated. Several delightful and a large tank of gasoline im- tion that there was a fire in the dances. Mrs. Truman Fassett musical numbers were rendered mediately near it. Fortunately, rear of the residence of Dr. will sing a group of baritone none of by Herman Field, violinist, and these combustibles ex- Warren, on Penzance Road. songs and both the cellist and — Blanche Nelsen, pianist. ploded. When the apparatus arrived, a violinist will contribute some Professor Conklin, chosen to Three $400 electric transform- perfectly well-behaved incinera- celo and violin solos to the pro- introduce the speaker because ers formed part of the loss. tor was discovered doing its gram. This promises to be an of his peculiar fitness for the These were connected to the duty, although creating great evening of readily worth while power line running by the shed. volumes of smoke. as well as enjoyable music. (Continued on Pag-e 2) PAGE TWO THE COLLECTING NET

HELEN MORRIS HELPS SCHOLARSHIP FUND The Collecting Net AVIATORS AT NOBSKA PROJECT SUCCESSFUL A weekly publication devoted to the activities of the Marine Biologi- Due to the modesty of one of (Continued from Page 1) cal Laboratory and of Woods Hole in our correspondents, Helen general. Morris, an item of interest BOARD OF ADVISORS which should have appeared a of weeks ago was not Robert Chambers, Prof, of Anatomy, couple Cornell University Medical School. forthcoming. Now that she ha.s made her departure it seems EJwin G. Conklin, Pnif. of Biology, safe to give a brief account of Princeton University. her unique experience. Many Lorande L. Woodruff, Prof, of Proto- of us in Woods Hole remember Yale University. zoology, that on Wednesday afternoon, EDITORIAL STAFF August 11, one of the navy Ware Cattell Editor airplanes hovered over Woods Hugh Montgomery Art Editor Hole and its surrounding terri- Mrs. L. V. Heilbrunn. .General News tory, landing once or twice on Helen S. Morris General News the water and often skimming Jack Fogg Sport News what seemed to be dangerously boats.- BusineM Sta6F close to buildings and Katharine Underwood. .. .Bus. Man. It was about five o'clock in Use Michaelis Asst. Bus. Man. the afternoon when the hydro- plane landed perhaps a half mile {Application for entry as second-class out at sea from the Nobska matter is peTiding.) beach and then came as close as the rough water breaking on The Universal Press the beach permitted. By shout- New Bedford Woods Hole ing, those on the plane tried to Massachusetts communicate with the people on the shore, but their voices had THE COLLECTING NET to give away to the sound of the wind and waves and were quite wishes to exleat its heartiest unintelligible to those on shore. to all those whose spon- thanks Helen Morris, one of the dozen taneous assistance contributed or so people over at Nobska so largely to the success cf the beach for a swim, took upon her- preseniaticn of "Ihe Ta?e of self the spectacular task of An Ancient Mariner." swimming out to the hydro- plane to see if she could be of any assistance to those on from our The total receipts board. A little later she re- Wednesday evening perform- turned, swimming through the ance were $364.00 and the ex- breakers, with a note in her penses were only $45.00. This teeth containing a message for leaves a balance of $319.00 for Dr. N. A. Cobb of the Fish Com- The CoUecting Net Scholarship mission. She emerged from the Fund. water and modestly made a hasty retreat from the ever in- To the Editor: creasing and admiring crowd. We received on July 16th a letter from you, soliciting an advertisement from us and we intended to instruct Currents in the Hole you to insert one in the next issue of your paper. Unfortunately your At following hours the current letter was misiaid and it consequent- in the hole turns to run from Buz- ly escaped our attention until this zards Bay to Vineyard Sound: morning, when it was found while we were looking through our files. DATE Although we are too late to adver- tise this year, we are enclosing our check for $5.00 as it is our desire to contribute in this small way and co- operate with you; and for next year we wish to engage a space in each issue of your paper. We realize and appreciate the wonderful achievements of the Ma- rine Biological Laboratory and wish for you every success. Very truly yours, Judah S. Nickerson, Proprietor. Falmouth Plumting & Hardware Co. Falmouth, Mass. PERSISTENCY

The brilliant lightning-bug flies swrift, He flashes here, he flashes there. With constant change of aim, or drift, That does not get him anywhere. The humble inch-worm, without light. Directs himself towards a goal, And having stretched his limit, quite. He humps himself, that steadfast soul! PH- D. THE COLLECTING NET PAGE THREE

NOBSKA FOG HORN or flood current; but for places SOUNDS HALF AS in narrow channels, landlocked LONG IN OCTOBER harbors, or on tidal rivers the AS DURING JULY time of slack current may differ by two or three hours from the time of high or low water stand, The following information and local knowledge is required concerning the weather has been to enable one to make the pro- obtained from the "United per allowance for this delay in the conditions States Coast Pilot". of tidal currents. Winds. On Nantucket Shoals Tide* and through Nantucket and Vineyard Sounds, the prevail- ing winds are westerly and Locality northwesterly in winter, and southwesterly in summer. From Vineyard Sound westward the prevailing winds are northwest- erly and northerly in winter, and southwesterly and souther- ly in summer, but subject to many variations at all seasons. Fogs are liable to occur at any season, but are more prevalent from April to October than dur- ing the rest of the year. They come most f c-equently with east- erly and southeasterly winds, and occasionally with the wind westward of south. Off Mon- tauk Point and Point Judith, winds between south and south- west are nearly as apt to briiig fog as those from southwest- ward. Westerly and northerly winds clear away fog, this hold- ing good for all parts ot the Atlantic coast. The following table shows the average number of hours per month, from a record of six years or more, that the fog signals were operated at the stated light stations of the United States: PAGE FOUR THE COLLECTING NET

FREE SPEAKS AT FIRE PARK TAILORING SHOP DEPARTMENT BANQUET FoMow^ the Crowd to TEXAS Men's and Women's Fine Tailoring DANIELS' WILLIAM SCHLEIWUK. I'rop. for Home-made Ice Cream, held Wed- A banquet was on Work Called For and Delivered Delicious Sandwiches, Coffee nesday evening, August 17, for M'ei'lis BhlK.. Falnionth. Alitss. PICMC LtNt'IIES the members of the Woods Hole Department and their in- Dr. George H. Greene Fire DENTIST vited guests. Otfict', Nearly Opposite St. Barnabas Memorial Churnh Congressman A. M. Free FALMOITH, AIASS. Hours: 9 A. M. - 12 M. ; 1-4 P. M. from California told of the work Tt'k'plione ?..") that the government was carry- ing out in the fostering of rais- IDEAL ing salmon, and also of the RESTAURANT seals on Pribloff Island. Main Street Woods Hole Among other things he in- formed the audience that the ' I Hardwaro Paints aud Varnislif.s local Fish Commission boat, CHARLES T. EASTMAN the Phalvope, had been con- FALMOUTH, MASS. Phone Order.s Promptly Delivered demned and by next year it will Tel. 407 be replaced by a new and bet- Kitchen Furuishinjrs Glenwood Ranges ter equipped craft and he sug- gested that those wanting to Visit Cape Cod's Largest ride on the old Philrope should Department Store make use of their last oppor- H. MALCHMAN &BRO. tunity, and get permission from Thos. Malchman, Prop. Captain Robert Veeder to go CLOTHIERS, HATTERS out on one of his trips this Fall. and FURNISHERS Joseph Walsh, Judge of the Main Street Falmouth Telephone Connection Superior Coui't of this district, related his boyhood days in Woods Hole. Mr. Dale, chief of NEW PALO the fire department in New Bed- MICRO-PROJECTOGRAPH Till.' most cMiiiviiticnl ami incxpensiv. ford, spoke in glowing terms of instrument available for drawing, prn- .lection, and pliutomicrojrraphy. Exccl- the new pumping engine and the lont for visual (dncatiou. general equipment of the Woods Hole Fire Department. Walter 0. Luscombe and Ar- thur Underwood, chairman of the Board of Selectmen, compli- mented the fire department up- on its efficiency in its various activities.

The Bureau of Fisheries Lab- oratory held its annual picnic on August 22 at Tarpaulin Cove. The Phalarope left the dock at 10 :30 in the morning with the largest crowd aboard—number- ing sixty-five in all—^that the boat has ever carried. After the regular New Eng-

land clam dinner, charades were App:ir:iliiN hi \orfiral position for (fniwiiiK or photograpKhig held in which the older members The mioroscope is efjuipped with ai aehnimalio of the party took part, ob;iectivp and an ()rfliOKcopi( being eyt-piece. The i^xaet magnitications oh awarded with prizes for their tained are read off from falibrations or the draw tube. Uungt* of majiiiilieatini very fine efforts. Races were M((X I.I 2WIX. Other standard objective;, may be used if hi^rlier powers are de held for the children and kite- sired. I'hotomicropraph.s of any si/.o may bi flying, target shooting, made. Projections up to 25 feet ari and possible. Complete other games were indulged in by . with drawing board, 15 fed cord and switch and microscope. $4s.(in all. The Phalarope returned Write f(ir complete description about 5:00 o'clock and everyone PALO COMPANY agreed that it one of the was ! Apparatus for liuinslrial and Labora- nicest picnics the Fisheries has tory Use J53 Went 23rd Str«-<'( New York. X. A ever had.

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