Best·PI,yed Pal Benko selected the TAL, LARSEN WIN {ollowing win by Mrs. Gresser for the best·played game award of the 1965 U.S. Only three of the original eight Chall engers arc still in the running fo r a match Women's Championship. with World Champion . Ex-champion )likhail Tal and Dam sh grand. CARO·KANN OEFENSE master ha\'c won their quarter-final maichcs and will soon play one G. GRESSER Z . HUBER another to determine which of them will advance to the final match of the Candi· I . P· K4 P·QB3 ". N. N3 0 ·0 dates' series- against _ 2. N·QB3 P·Q4 12. N·K5 R· Kl 3. N·B3 PxP 13. B·N3 P· B4 Tal defeated Laojs Portisch and Larsen downed Boris Ivkov by identical scores 4. NxP N·Q2 14. P·QB4 N· N3 of 5 L2· 2 ~2 . That rather one-sided tally keeps turning up in the Ca ndidates: it wa,s S. B· B4 KN·B3 15. B·K; the score by whic h GelJcr beat Smyslov and by which he lost to Spassky in the semi­ ,. N/ 4· NS H·Q4 16. B~QP B'"·Q2 1. P·Q4 P·KRl 17. Q .B3 Q·B2 final. • . H·K4 P· Kl '8. QR·Ql KR·Ql Larsen's easy victory over lvkov was t . 0 ·0 B· K2 " . N·RS B·KI a real surprise since the for mer had lIl. R· KI QN.B3 done badly in recent tournaments in Holiand and Yugoslavia (see LIFE, June) and Ivkov had been play· ing some of the best chess of his career . We stated last month that "t arsen must considerably improve on his recent per· formances if he is to have a chance" - and he has certainly done j ust that! Tal's victory over a very tough oppo· nent may indicate a return to his old· time Corm. We hope it means that his health has taken a turn fo r the better: the real question wi th Tal fo r the last three years has been whether he had the stamina to stand up under the strain of weeks of top· notch competition. 20. N ~ NP h. ". R·Rlch K· N3 All three of the remaining Challen· 21. Q· N3ch K·R2 P·KN4 b' 22. B·B2ch N·KS ".•• R·Q? bers are no ted fo r their aggressive play 23. Bx N(h p.B4 40. ".Px P ch and no matter which of them goes on 24. B· NI B·Bl 41 . R·QNS P'"· N4 to meet Petrosian the match should 25. P· Nl B· N2 42. R· N6c h K·Bl 26. P·B4 N· BI 43. R·Q6 prove a severe test fo r the Champio n's 21 . Q·B2 P· N3 44. BxR N·Bl unequalled defensive skills. 28. N· N4 B·R4 45. B·B7 '" M . Tal n. o.. 46. PxP K'"·K3 WESTERN TIE 3~ . RxR ".'" 41. K· B2 N·K2 Robert Byrne, a two·time winner of 31. B· K5 Q· K2 48. K· N3 K·Q2 32. R·Q1 P·R3 49. B·KS K·B3 the Western Open , this year shared the 33. P·K R3 B·R4 SO. B · Q ~ K·Ql * * * championship with William Lombardy. 34. Q·Q4 R·R2 51. B· N7 P·KR4 U. S. OPEN Both grandmasters were undefeated, 35. Q·QS ••• 52. B·B8 Res;!!" S A la rge field of 163 p.lvers from the scoring 8 points in 9 rounds. They drew 36. RxQ N. K2 Un ited St.tes, Canida lind Lat in Amer. with one another in round six. • • • • • ica turned out for the UnIted Stiltes Placing third through sixth-with 7 Open in SlI n JU li n, PUerto Rico. Topping points - were Dr. Orest Popovych, BISGUIER IN PACIFIC S.W. the list of II ntries in the first Open ever N. Y. C., William Bi lls, Houston, Texas, The fourth annual Pacific Southwest held outside the continental U.S. were Dr. Paul PoscheI, Ann Arbor, Mich. Open, played in Santa Monica, Calif. grll ndmn ters Pal Benko, Willilm lam· and Richard S. Callaghan J r . Charlottes· over the Independence Day weekend, re­ bardy and Ro lM rt Byrne. About fifty 10' vii1 e Va . Nineteen other players scored sulted in a clear victory for grandmaster cIII ple yers lire competing - most of six poi nts or more to share in the large Arthur Bisguier whose score of 6ih·lh them for the fint time in IIny USCF pr ize fund. topped a field of 81 players. Carl Pi!· event. The traditional Independence Day nick, 6-1, was second and Charles Henin , Following the g il l. festivities of Op­ event was held this year in St. Louis, J. N. Schmitt and Joseph l\fego.--aU ening Night, it wes decided to postpone being co·sponsored by the Capablanca with 51h po i n ts ~p la ced third through the first round until the evening of and the ~l i1 wau k ee Chess fifth in the order listed. Scores of 5·2 MondllY, July 26. A senn tionel upset Foundation. A total of 120 players from were turned in by R. Bliss, D. Blohm, J . was then registered when Rlliph Betu twenty states and Canada competed in Hanken, J . Mo rtz, P. Quillen, F. Thornal· of New York City, who ente red the tour· the event, including two gr andmasters, ly and E. Wieher. The strong field in· nllment with. CllSs A nting, defeated nine masters and 15 experts. The tour· cluded 29 players in the expert and mas· grandmaster Robe rt Byrne. nament director was Miss Pear le Mann. ter classes. Sponsored by the Santa Mon· Full del.iis of the tournllment will The full crosstable and list of prize ica Bay Chess Club, the tournament was appear in our August issue. winners will appear in our next issue. directed by Herbert T. Abel. 1:< UNn'ED STATES

Volume xx Number 7 J Uly, 1965

EDITOR: J . F. Reinhardt

COI-ITEI-ITS

CHESS FEDERATION Candida tes' Matches ...... 141

PRESIDENT Eastern & Western (4:>ens ...... 14 1 Lt. Col. E. B. Edmondson VICE·PRESIOENT The Notional Open, by Samuel Reshevsky ...... 143 David Hoffmann REGIONAL VICE·PRESIDENTS The Middle Game ...... 144 NEW ENGLAND Stanley KIn , Uarold Dondla Robert Goodspeed How the Chess Openings Got Their Names ...... 146 EASTI!RN Donald Schl,llbi Lewla E . Wood Develop or Perish, by Dr. Anthony Saidy ...... 150 MID·ATLANTIC Geor,e Thorn.. Enl Clary Edward O. Strehle Chess Encores ...... 152 SOUTHERN Dr. Robert Froemke Jerry Sullivan Carroll M. Crllll Here & There ...... 154 GREAT LAKE. Norbert Mltthews Oonald W. HlIdl nl' Jamu Schroeder Tactics for Beg inners, by Dr. Erich Marchand ...... 156 NOATH CENTRAL F r .. nk Skoff John o.ne.. K en Ry kten Cott ege Chess ...... 156 SOUTHWESTERN Jolla BeiWn, Kennetb Smith fark 61.shop Tournament Life ...... 158 PACIFIC Rkbud Vlnde obu r, Gordon B'rTelt Col. Plul L. Webb SECRETARY * Marshall Rohland * * I-IEXT MOI-ITH- NATIONAL CHAIRMEN .nd OFFICERS ARMED FORCES C HESS ...... Ro bcrt Karch A FULL REPORT 01-1 THE BUSINESS MANAGER." ...... ~'. Reinhardt COLLEGE CHEIiS ...... P.ul C. Jau INDUSTRIAL CHESS ...... St.nley W. D. Klnl 1965 U, S. OPEN! INTERNATIONAL AFFAIR• ...•....aaac KMhdan Women'. lntern.tlon.l...... K.thryn Slat.er CHESS ...... Mordecai D. Treblow MAST ERS AFFA IR • ...... •. Robut Byrne MEMBERSHIP ...... Oon.ld Schultz MEMBERS HIP SECRETARY ...... Oret. )'uclul JOII-I THE UNITED STATES CHESS FEDERATION NATIONAL OPEN ...... •...... lle rm.n Estrada NOM INATIONS ...... DI. Alex J.nushkow:lky USCF I. a non.prollt democratic orlanlutlon, the offLclal lovemlni body and FIDE unlt fo r PRESIOENTIAL ASSISTANT •••. _ JI"l"ed C ramer eheu In the USA. Anyone Intere.ted in advandnl American elleu is el.llible for membership. RATINGS & PAIRINGS._._... •.•_ • .Arpad E.. Elo RATING STATISTICIAN ...... Wm. Oolchberl Memb... · 1ohIp. includlna- CHESS un: $Ul)scrlpUon, elll1bUlty for USCF.raUnj', and all TAX DEDUCTIBILITY ...... Harold Dondb pl1vl1.eiu: 1 yr.: 5.00; 2 yrs.: $9.50; l yrs.: $1l.50; Su.talnlnj': $10.00 (b«omlna- lUI' Memberah.lp TOURNAMENT AJ)M .. _..... Georie KoUanowU1 afte r 10 payments); We: $100.00. Famll ... Moomberdllp (two or mOre famlly members at Slme TOURNAMENT RULES __ ._. __ ._.J.mes S huwln address. oDl.Y one CHESS LIFE . ubscMpl.lon): ntH II . bo.. e ror nrst ramily member, plus TREASURER ._. __ ._. __ . ___._. ___ ._.M1lton Ruaklo U. S, CHAMPIONSHIP._ _•.• _•..•. •M.urlee K.uper foUowlDj' ror each adtUtional member: 1 yr.: ':U(I; :1 yn.: $4..7$; 3 .. rs.: $6.75. U. S. OPE N ...... _ ...... _• .•.•.....Fred Crame r WOMEN'S CHESS_ •. _•.• _._._ ...... __ ....E ... Aronson CHESS LIFE is publl.bed monthly by USCI'" and entered U le<»nddlSS matter at East Dubuque. Dllnnis. Non·mem ber I·yr. l ubsertptlon: 5<1 .00 ($5.00 outside USA); slnille cop),: Mil! {SOt WORLD CHESS FEDERATION ouUide USA). Change of addrua: AllOw rour weeki notice; please i1 .. e us both the n ew address (F.I.D.E.) .nd the old addre .., I"cludlni the numbers and dates on the top UnO! of )'our BtencU. Fred Cramer Vice-President, Zone 5 (U.S.A.) Addre.. all conununleaUoru. a nd make .11 cheek. payable to: ------UNITED STATES CHESS ".DERATION, 10 Ea. t 11th .'!"Ht, NEW YORK 3, N. Y. 142 CHESS LIFE prise which caught my oppo· nent unprepared. 18...... B-K2 The National Open 19. R-Q3 K·BI? This enabled White to carry out his plan. Co rrect was 19 ...... , N·B1; 20. by SAMUEL KR-Ql, RxR; 21. RxR, R·Q l , after whieh White wo uld have had a small advan­ tage in the cnd·game. The first National Opea. played in 20. KR·Ql K-Kl Las V.Q'QS last February. was 110 suc­ 21. R·N3 QR·Nl cessful that its annual continuation is v:rtually quaranteed. this 8-round Sw:•• event brouQht 10000ether 138 play­ ers i«lm all over Ibe country for a week 01 chess and Iun. The field in­ cluded four QrondmClGters and many moster. and experts: it was prelty ex­ haustino;r lor those who a spired to top ho:tcrs. Tbe favorites had 10 keep on winninq. for a sinqle loss--or even a dra1l-m1qht mean the end 01 their ambitions. Pol Benko, for instance. was doinq very well until Ibm unfortunate day when he lost two in a row. 22. RxPI RxR 23. BxN ...... Kany (load qames were produced. White has only one for the cx· inc1udlnq lome by the lady contest· change, but Black's pieces become im­ ont •. Two of my own qames are dis· mobilized. cussed below. 23...... R { 2 ~ Nl 24. N·83 P·QR3 • • • • • Before I decided to embark on this I. eombination, I eonsidered carefully the M y gtlllll.: against LarTy ]<;00113 was a following possibility: 24 ...... , B·R5 (In well-known ca r/ntion of the Grusn/eid De-­ order to get the out of the as tense. Since tld$ WG$' a CTIlCial game, I quickly as possible with ...... , K-K2); (Iecieied to ,,lay aggreuiveIV IIIld oo81ietl 25. N·NS, K·K2 (if 25 ...... P·QR3; 26. on tlac killg-.ridc, l.'1lowing tllat It was dan ­ NxPch, K-K2; 27. NxRP, QR-Bl; 28. germ., fo do $f). B-N7); 26. NxRP, N-BI; 27. R-B1! and the menaeing threat of 28. B-B3 and 29. Gruenfeld Defense N-B6ch could not have been parried. 25. N·K4 B_RS S. Reshevsky L. Evan$ 26. N·B6ch BxN T. P·Q4 N·K83 27. PxB R·N5 2. P·QB4 P·KN3 28. P·R3 R(5)· Nl 3. N·QB3 p.Q4 29. P.QN4 QR·Bl 4. N·B3 ..N2 11 ...... 12. P-KR3 ...... 30. K·B2 ...... 5. Q-N3 Px P White was just gaining time on his 6. QxBP O.() 12. P·Q5 would have unnecessarily clock. He could have clinched the point 7. P·K4 KN.Q2 given power to Black's King·. with the immediate 30. P-BS and if 30. 8. B·K3 N·Q83 There could have followed : 12...... , N· ...... , NPxP ; 31. B-R6 followed by 32. 9. B·K2 N.N3 K4 ; 13. NxN (if 13. N-NS, Q-Q2), BxB ; R-KNl·N8 mate. 14. QxQ, KPxQ with equalily. 10. Q·85 •••••••• 30...... R·NI The only try for an opening advan­ 12...... BxN 31. K·B3 QR·Bl tage. Against 10. Q·Q3 Black could eas- 13. PxB KR-Ql 32. K·N3 P·K R4 ily equalize with 10 ...... , B·NS; 11 . Allowing White to seize the . 33. K-B3 R·N! 0·0-0 , Bx N; 12. PxB, J?K4; 13. P-Q5 More prudent was 13 ...... , P·B4 with 34. K.B2 QR.Bl (if 13. PxP, QxQ; 14.· BxQ, NxP ; 15. good play, fo r if 14. P-Q5, N-K4; 15. 35. P·B5 P·K4 B-K2, B·K3) N-Q5. P·B4, N(K4)-Q2. 36. B·R6 R.N! 10 ...... B·N5 14. P·K5 QxQ 37. R·Q5 Resigns 11 . 0 ·0 ·0 ...... Vit·tually foreed. If 14...... , Q·Q2 ; II. Less enterprising was 11. R·Ql , fol­ 15. P-Q5, N·N! (if 15...... , NxKP; 16. In tile saoud gf/me, 1 emerged willI a lowed by 0-0. At the time of this game, P·B4, winning a piece.); 16. P-B4 with Ireer po.ti!ion. Brandt, defended n llbbomly Evans and I were leading the tourna­ an overwhelming game because Black's for a 100Ig time hilt fintllly fell lor a Irap. ment with the same score, and I relt pieces would have been completely in· King's Indian Defense that I had to play agressively against acUvated. s . Reshevsky P. Br.ndts him in order to win the tournament. 15. PxQ N.Q2 1. P.Q4 N·KB3 16. P-B4 P-K3 2. P.QB4 P-KN3 17. B.B3 B-Bl 3. N·QB3 B_N2 IT'S UP TO YOU ... 18. N·R4 4. P·K4 P_Q3 The more natural· looking 18. N·K4 5. B·K2 QN·Q2 to tell us that you' re moving. Copies would have blocked White's King-bishop. 6. N·Bl P-K4 of CHESS LIFE ara not forwarded Aller 18 ...... B-K2; 19. R-Q3 , K·Bl; 20. 7. 0-0 0 -0 by the postofflce. We need six weeks KR-Ql, K-Kl, White wo uld have lacked 8. R·Kl R·Kl notice of any change of address. a promising continuation. The text-move 9. B·Bl P·B3 was made in contemplation of a sur- 10. p·QS PxP JULY, 1965 143 An alternative is 10...... P·M, fol· lowed by 11 ...... R·B1 and 12 ...... , N-K1, etC. 11. BPxP N.BI LE GAME PrcIerable was 11 ...... , P-QR4, [01· lowed by ...... N-M and ...... , B-Q2. The (From P. Roman~/ql8 /xIok "Mit­ text-move tends to misplace the ­ tel'shpU", trowJlaled by Oscar Freedman) . 12. N.Q2 Q-K2 The wo rds "motive" and "theme" in 13. N·B4 B-Q2 chess are, after all, rather abstract and 14. P.QR4 KR-BI theoretical terms. Since the IS. B·Q2 N·KI 16. R·BI P·KN4? is one of the main sources of artistic With the Idea of posting the Knight creation, and it is the concrete method at KN3, but the text·move weakens involved which brings about the idea Black's KB4 square. White now proceeds to a clearly defined end. it is this con· to exploit that weakness. 16...... , P-B4 was better. crete conception which may be con­ 17. N·K3 N-N3 sidered the main product of the crea· 18. P-KN3 Q.B3 tive imagination. In the initial game be­ ::... , 19. Q.RS N-K2 tween Bernstein and Capablanca (Mos­ Now, however, there followed not 29. 20. B·t" BxB cow. January, 1914), the following posi· ...... Q-N8 ch, but 29 ...... , Q-N7!! 21. NxB P-QR3 The double attack on the and 22. N·R3 ...... tion arose after Blaek's twenty·seventh move: the Queen brings about an immediate Keeping the QB file open and making win, because White loses a rook. On N·QB 4 possible. 30. Q-Kl would follow 30 ...... , QxR, 22 ...... Q·N3 and on 30. R-B2, Q-N8ch. 23. a xQ The possibility of a double attack is Also playable was 23. Q-B3, N-B3; 24. due to the White King's unfortunate N(K3)-B4. position, as he cannot escape the in· 23 ...... RPxQ truding Black Rook. If White's KRP or 24. P-KN4 B·R3 KNP were moved, Black's combination 25. N(K3 )·B4 p.B4 would not have been feasible. The 26. P·B3 King's closed position, however, is not Black's game Is now reduced to com­ in itself a sufficient motive. It all de­ plete passivity. pends upon the tense nature of the 26...... QR-NI position; on a whole number of details. 27. a.H4 O.aT Let us return to the game' Bernstein­ 28. B·RS ...... Capablanea, and point out the circum­ Note that 28, NxKP fa ils on account stances which, added to the King's of 28, ...... , P·R4! White's position is not satisfactory. closed position, contributed to the com­ 28...... KR·BI His Knight is attacked. and if it re­ bination, namely, the heavy pieces on 29. B.N6 K·B2 treats to R3 or Q4, Black could strength· the board, the open files, and Black's 30. R-B3 N·NI en his advanced by R(l)· Rook on its first rank. QB1, threa~in g N·N5, and White could 31. KR.QBl ...... Now let us turn to another bright Threatening 32. NxKPch. not endure the mounting pressure for very long. White has one alternative, combinational idea, known since the that of taking the dangerous passed time of Greco. This concerns the King pawn, inasmuch as he attacks it three who is mated because his own pieces times while it is defended only twice. and pawns are in the way. and hamper The following variation looms in his bis mobility. In a textbook by Schiffers. mind : who does not identify the players in­ volved, there is demonstrated the fol· 2:1. NxBP, NxN; 28. RxN, RxR; 29. lowing mate: RxR. Q·N8 chi 30. Q·Bl, QxPj and, with material equality, White appears to have good chances for a . The game duly proceeded: 27. NxBP, NxN; 28. RxN, RxR; 29. RxR.

40. K.B2 PxP 31 ...... K·K2? 41. KxP N-Q2 An unfortunate , because 42. RxP N·B4 Black put up strong resistance up to 43. R.QB7 N·B3 this point, after having obtained an in­ 44. N.Q4 ._...... ferior opening. Correct was 31_ ...... , Threatening to win the with K-B3. after which White would have en­ 45. N·B6. joyed a small advantage only. 44...... H(4).o2 32. KPx P PxP 45. P-RS NxN It was arrived at by: 33. N.K3 ...... Unavailing would have been 45 ...... , I. P-K4 P·K4 Winning a pawn by force. N-K4ch; 46. K-K2, N(3)xNP; 47. P·R3, 2. P-Q4 P·QB4 33...... RxR N·K4; 48. N-K6, winning . 3. PxBP " ...... 34. NxPch K·Q2 46. PxN NxQP (Black's pawn sacrifice was unsound, 3S. RxR B·BI 47. N·K6 ...... and White could have taken the KP.) 36. N·B4 N(Kl)·B3 Leading to a curious fi nish! 3...... BxP 37. B.R7 R·Ql 47...... NxR 4. N·KB3 N.KB3 38. N-N6ch K·Kl 48. NxR KxN 5. B·QB4 0 .0 39. R·B7 P-K5 49. P·N7 Resigns 6. NxP NxP 14. CHESS LIFE 7. Q·QS N,. which th eknight mates. This combina· 25 ...... , QxBch~r (three minor pieces S. NxBP Q-RS tion has acquired today a purely histor· will mate the White King in the middle N·R6 dbl.ch. K-Rl ical importance, but its artistry, the 9. , and the mating position of the board); 26. KxQ. B-B4ch; 27. K-Q3, 10. Q·NSch! R,Q itself, makes a strong esthetic impression NxN mate. The combination consisted 11. N·B7 mate upon today's amateurs. of enticing the White King into the mat­ Such a mate with an obstructing Rook • • • ing net, in which action the Queen sac­ (or Knight) and pawns is called a In a game of chess one may sacrifice rifice was the decisive factor. In the "." a pawn, a minor piec t , a Rook, a few Bernstein·CapabJanca game, the Queen We find the following example of a pieces, but one may also sacrifice the sacrificc c row ned the combination, "smothered mate" in a manuscript by most powerful piece, the Queen. The Greco: latter sacrifice is thc most impressive. whereas here the Queen sacrifice was Let us see some of these sacrifices. the opening wedge to a mate in three The diagram shown below is a position moves. in the game Kotov-Bondarevsky, played • • • in the USSR tournament in memory of Savitsky (Leningrad, 1936). The position is somewhat unusual; twenty·on C' move., have been made without any pieees ex· changed. Black's Queen is "frozen," and two of his pieces, a Rook and Bishop, are inactive. The other Black Rook, on Q5, is entangled among thc enemy pieces and in a tight cage where it is about to be lost. It would seem that Black's position is not an enviable one, but the 15, ...... White King's position is very precarious, N-B7ch which creates motives for all manner of 16. K·Kl N·Q6 dbl.ch. combinations. 17. K·Ql Q·K8ch.! 18. NxQ N·B7 mate This diagram depicts a position in the game Averbach-Kotov (Candidates' The White King is here hemmed in Tournament, Zurich, 1955). Black's pawn by three minor pieces and two pawns. chain hinders considerably the action It is easy to notice the similarity of of the White pieces. The While King is the two ideas. Here another example in a precarious position, the KR3 square of a similar mate: is woefully weak, and Black aims to con­ tinue his attack by R-R3.

W ~ ite played 30. N-K2, which is com­ pulsory, as it is the only way to rein­ force the KR3 square. But a combina­ tional h urricane bursts out on the chess board: 30...... , QxPch! A beautiful combination which proves that the power Black threatens not on\.Y a double of a piece is determined by its position (N-K5), but also to take the Knight and the part which it is going to play on K4 outright. White has no choice, and in the course of the oncoming events. takes the Rook. And so : 22. BxR, N-K5 White's material advantage after the dis. ch.!; K-K3 (this results in mate, be· sacr ifice of thc Black Queen is matched by Black's superior activity. The White ca use of a beautiful Qucen sacrifice. pieces, moreover, are badly placed, and In this position, in which White seems But a retreat by 23. K-BI would be fol· cannot be mobilized in the relatively to have only a slight advantage, the lowed by 23 ...... , BxN; 24. BxB, NxB; short lime available and thus cannot battle might be expected to go on for 25. PxN, N-NS, with threats of N-K6 and help him much. 31. KxQ, R-R3ch; 32. K-N4, N-B3ch; 33. K-B5, N·Q2; (There some time, if it were not for the com­ ~·R7. Also in Black's favor is 24. NxB, binational possibility of a smothered is a threat now of a mate in thrce mate. There followed 24. N-Q6!, and N-NBch; 25. K-B2, QxBch; 26. KxN, NxN, moves by ...... , R·Blch, etc., which White Black reSigned, because he would incur etc., with excellent chances); 2S ...... , can stave off, however, but on 33 ...... , further material losses after 24...... , P-B5ch! (This check solves two problems: N-N5, mate follows inevitably.); 34. R-N5, PxN; 25. BxB ch, etc. The gist of the it blocks the square B4 and deflects the R-B1ch; 35. K-N4, N-BSch; 36. K·B5, combination may be seen in the varia· Knight from B2); 24. NxP, Q·B7ch; 25. N·N1 dis. ch; 37. K-N4, (The combination tion 25 ...... , BxB (the only way to avoid is dragged out thanks to Blac k'~ mis­ ratal loss of material); 26. Q-R2ch, K-Rl; K-Q3. play on the 33rd move. This impairs full 27. N-B7ch, K-Nl; 28. N-R6 dbi. ch., esthetic appreciation somewhat, but K-Rl; 29. Q-N8ch, RxQ; 30. N-B7 mate. Black is able to get back onto the win­ ning path, and thus save the reputation The success of the smothered mate of his sacrifice.); 37 ...... , N-B3ch; 38. combination depends upon bringing the K-B5, NxQP dis ch; (Black's time short­ encmy king into a state of complete im­ age accounts for this unnecessary move); mobility because he is "choked" by his M. K·N4, N-B3ch; 40. K-B5, N-Nl djs ch; own pieces. To realize this idea, which is 41. K-N4, N-B3ch; 42. K-B5, N·N! dis Ch i a result of a harmonious attack by 43. K-N4, BxR; 44. KxB, R-B2 (Again Queen and Knight, the following actions there is a mate after ...... , R-N 2c h); 45. must be carricLi out: a diagonal Queen B-R4, R-N3ch; 46. K·R5, R(B)·N2; 47. 8 -N5, check, two checks by the Queen and RxBch; 48. K-R4, N·B3; (48 ...... , R(4)·N3 Knight, and, finally, a Queen Racrifice also wins); 49. N-NS, RxN; 50. QxQP, fonowing which the enemy King is com­ pletely closed in by his own pieces, after -Contd. on p. 153 JULY, 1965 145 the Chess Openings Got Their Names

1604-34, and Greco, 1619, were probably by W. COLLINS based. A small volume of seventy-eight pages by Captain Bertin, chiefly con· Ever since Adam was called upon to cerned with gambi ts, is the earliest Eng· name the birds and beasts in the Garden lish study desrving mention. "But all of Eden, Ul an has been engrossed in previous authors palc into comparative naming ('very thing in Creation. Some insignlficant'e," writes Cook. "before the small put of this preoccupation has tak· rising fame or the immortal Philidor." en the form of naming the chess open­ In 1749 th is celebrated chess master ings. Although the results of this fascin­ issued the first edition of his "Analyze ating pastime have not been particular­ des Eschecs," containing nine ga mes ly enlightening about the strategical con­ with variations. With additions. modifica· cepts underlying the various debuts, they tions, and origi nal emphasis on the im· have hinted at man's propensity for self· portanee of Pawn Play, this book prob­ aggrandizement. provincialism and his ably holds thc reoord for reprints and subjection to error-as well as his oc­ translations. The century closes with the casional ability to hit the mark. His German work of Allgaier (1796) who faults have caused relatively little harm popularized the which bears his and chessplayel s have accepted most oC name. He is also t' redited wit h inventing the misnomers with good gracc. the first form of tabular analys is. In the nincteenth century, Sarratt (1808), It is rather difficult to trace the names Lewis (1831), Walkcr (1832), and Jaenisch main sou rces of information and it is to of many of the openings back to their (1842) were the most prominent contri· them we are indebted for the material origins. There is scant literature on the butors. here presented. subject, old or new. No one really knows who first played 1. P·K4 or 1. P·Q4. Per· Supplementing the works of these Popular Ope nings of Today haps the best of the old books is "The gianls were the Icsscr known pieces of A glance at the Opening Index of Evolution of the Chess Openings" by Von der Linda, J. A. Leon ("Forty-s ix most any recent tourname nt book, Bled, William Cook, published by Bristol Times Games of Chcss by Polerio"-1894), "Gus· 1961 , for instance, shows that the most & Mirrow, Ltd., 1906. But Cook is mainly tavus Selenus" (A ugustus, Duke of Bruns· popular debuts with the great masters concerned with t'ataloguing and analys· wick, 1616), Dr. Carrera, (1617), David of today are the Benoni Counter Gambit, ing t he openings, rather than divulgi ng Gentil ("Traite des Lausanne," 1698), Caro-Kann Defense, , how they g'-l t their nameS, although he Stamma (1737 and 1745), Walker (1832), French Defense, King's Indian Defense, dues that too when the information is Pohlman (who invented "chess movies" Nimzo·Indian Defense, Queen's Gambit ;l\ailable. And perhaps the best of the in 171 9!), Ercole Dal Rio (1750), Lolli Declined, Queen'S Gambit Accepted, Ruy n'!w IJO)Jc-s is "J\1od i!rn Chesj; Openings," (1 763), Ponziani (1769-82), Coz.io (1766), Lopcz, and the Sicilian Defense. And the 9th Edition, by Walter KMn and the "Parisian Amateurs" (Ga mes at Odds, majority of them were christened long writer (not an Iluv(;'rtisement because it 1775), and Stein, a Dutch writer, who ago. is now out of print, but defi nitely a pre. first noted thc "HoUandish" Defense judiced opinion), it being oo nceded the (1789). The Benoni Counter Gambit ( 1. p .Q4, material in both books is limited to the P·QB4) dates from an analysiS of 1825. resources of moderate private chess In the latter part of the Nineteenth One source says it was done by Bcn Oni libraries. Therefore, the contribution now Century, and early part of the Twentieth, under the heading of Bizarre Defense presented must be regarded as tentati ve. the lcading authors we re Bilguer ("Hand· and another that it was by A. Reinganun A wide open field is left for the archaeo· buch"), L. Collijn ("Larobok"), Cook, of Frankfort. Its first test came in the logist endowed with enough desire, time, with his "Evolution," "Chess Player's ma tch Staunton-St. Amant, the French· money, mobility and knowhow to go Compendium," and "Synopsis of the man using it twice. Its author's namc has diggi ng into books, magazi nes and news· Chcss Openings," Cunningham ("Chess been corrupted and the modern sequence papers in public libraries around the Primer"), Gossip, Lasker (magazine), has been changed to 1. p·Q4, N·KB3; world in order to unearth the material Murray ("A "-a monu· 2. P·QB4, p.B4. which would guarantee a really definitive mental classic), Steinitz ("International contribution. Chess Magazine"), and Staunton. And H. J. R. Murray wrote that the Caro· Hermann Helms (books, ncwspapers, Kann Defense (1. I'·K4, P·QB3) is an an· "American Chess Bulletin"). Books on the Openings t'ient dcfense, referred to by Polerio in The Gottingen MS., the date of which Some of the most prominent contemp· 1590. But it was l.ittle understood and has been fixed at 1490, is the oldest work orary works include "A Guide to Chess rarely played until master Horatio extant on the openings. A collection of Openings" by Barden, "Archives" and thirty written pages, its autRor is un· '''rheorle der Schacheroeffn unge n" by Caro and M. Kann of Vienna fa shioned known. It is improbable an older work Euwe, "Chess Openings; Theory and it for modern usage during the Eighteen· will ever be dist'overed because chess, as Practit'c" by Horowitt, " Modern Chess Eighties. A game played at Edinburgh, it is played today, is little more than Openings, ten editions, "Modern Opening and recorded in the "Chess Players' four hundred and sixty ycars old. The " by GoJombek, "Moderne Chronicle" in 1846 is perhaps its earliest earliest printed works were by two Span· Schach theorie" by Pachman, "Practical ish writers, Vlcentz, 1495, and Lueena, Chess Openings" by Fine, "Shakhmatny example. To-day, World Champion Tigran 1497. A treatise by the Portuguese Da· Debyut" of Sokolsky, and "Thcory of Petrosian is one of its advocates. miano dates 1512. Fifty ycars later, a Chess Openings" by Keres. Spanish clergyman, Ruy Lopct, of Salra, The English Opening (1. P·QB4) de· in Estramaduro, edited at Alcala a syste· Although many of these books arc rives its name from World Champion matic, ISO· page research on the debuts. primarily concerned with tabulations and , the Englishman who He was the first writer to notice the analYSis, most shed some light on where wrote the fa mous old "Chess Player's King's Gambit. In 1590, a MS. by the the openings got their names. And a few Italian Polerio appeared and on this thc of the authors have their names affixed Hand Book" and other volumes. AI· later works of Gianutio, 1597, Salvio, to the debuts. In any case, these are our though in the Gottingen MS., and cited 146 CHESS LIFE by Salvio and Cozio and other early writ­ domesticated and was incorporated into analysis of 1. P-K4, P-K4j 2. N-KB3, ers, it was the match between England chess nomenclature." In "The Modern N·QB3; 3. B-NS in his "Libro del Axe­ and France, and the Staunton-St. Amant Opening," Bogolyubov gives most of the drez" in the year 1561 . Ever since that match in 1843, that tied "English" to it. credit for ...... , P-KN3 to Dr. Euwe. The remote date this major debut, which is a What was once termed the "King's KID appeared first in the Leipzig Tourna· once-removed attack on the Black King Pawn One Game" became known later ment of 1879 and has been going strong Pawn, has borne the name of . as the French Defense (1. P-K4, P-K3). ever sincc_ And the Nimzo-Indian De­ So, in a least one case, we know definite­ This was due mainly to a correspond­ fense was first worked out in detail by ly how one of the most popular and im· ence game between Paris and London, Aron Nimzowitseh, grandmaster and portant openings got its name. 1834. French writers had afforded it a author of the monumental treatise "My For the record, however, it must be great deal of attention and in 1842 System." But the opening was played noted that this opening too was noticed Jaeniseh had concluded from his find­ (with a slight inversion of moves) in the by the author of the Gottingen MS. ings that it provided a safer defense Steinitz-Englisch, Vienna, 1882, and Eng­ than 1...... , P-K4. But the seeds of the lisch-Black burne, London, 1883, games­ Sicilian debut were sown by Lueena. long before he was born. The Sicilian Defense (1. P-K4, P_QB4) is one of the oldest and best-loved open­ The Gruenfeld Indian Defense (3. Variations in the French ings. It dates from Polerio in 1590. But An opening which has been as much N-QB3, P-Q4) was conceived by Austrian it was Greco who gave the opening its analyzed and practiced as the French, master Ernst Grucnfeld, a great theoreti­ name early in t he Seventeenth Century, during the last hundred and thirty years, cian. His idea was to cross the Queen's some other Italians having already called was bound to produce a number of fav­ Gambit with an Indian. it "D Gi uoco Siciliano." Three of its orite variations by the great masters. Was it Nimzowitsch again who first initial trials took place in the 1834 Mac­ Thus it is not surprising that the names played the Queen's Indian Defense? (1. Donnell-LaBourdonnais mat c h, 1843 of Alekhine, Botvinnik, Burn, Nimzo­ P·Q4, N-KB3; 2. P-QB4, P-K3; 3. N·KB3, Staunton-St. Amant match and the 1851 witsch, Rubinstein, Steinitz, Tarrasch, P-QN3). No one knows for certain. But London Tournament. and Winawer are wedded to important it may have been and he certainly popu­ From the Last Century lines. larized it. The Winawer Variation (2. P-Q4, P-Q4; But a look at the Opening Inaex of 3. N-QB3, B-NS) is named after Simon Th e Queen's Gambit most old tournament books of the latter Winawer of Warsaw, 1837-1919. A game The Queen's Gambit Declined (1. P-Q4, part of the Nineteenth Century (Vienna, in itself, it was almost a rellex with P-Q4: 2. P·QB4, P- K3), like many famous 1898, for instance) shows a somewhat former World Champion M. M. Botvin­ old openings, dates back to the 1490 different choice of debuts prevailed. As nik. It actually goes back to several Gottingen MS. Polerio mentions it in at Bled, 1961, there were Ruy Lopezes games in tournaments at Paris, 1867, 1590, giving 2 ...... P·QB3, and Stamma and Queen Pawns, and Sicilian and Vienna, 1873, and London, 1883. It oc­ (1737) was first to quote the orthodox French Defenses, but there were more of curred also in the games Paulsen-Kolisch, 2...... , P-K3. One of the major debuts the older King Pawn Openings-Bishop's 1861, and Paulsen-Schwenkenburg, 1862. of the Twentieth Century, it was long Opening, Center Counter Game, Center The earliest known time Winawer essay­ regarded as dull and unenterprising­ Game, , , ed it was against Steinitz, Paris, 1867. not a weapon for the imaginative, comb­ , , King's inative combatant. This tide of thought Gambit (Accepted and Declined), Petroff Whereas MCO 9 and "La Defensa persisted down to the 1873 Vienna Tour­ Defense, Philidor Defense, Ponziani Francesa" by M. Czerniak list 3 ...... , nament, when its soundness and effec­ Opening, and Gambit, Two B·N5 as the Winawer, Dr. Euwe, Gelenc· tiveness were finally realized. Knights Defense, Three Knights Game zei and Pachman call it the Nimzowitsch. and . All of which, or after the great Russian·Dane who popu­ The Queen's Gambit Declined propa­ almost all, have disappeared from great larized it in the 1920s and 1930s. Who gates a further complex of systems which modern tournaments. can say who has the best case? continue to grow and which entwine the Alapin's Opening (1. P-K4, P-K4; 2. 3. N·QB3 can be traced to Louis Paul­ names of races, places and men. Some of these are: Albin Counter Gambit (Adolf N- K2) burs the name of Simon Alapin sen, as so many other moves and open­ of st. Petersburg, 1856-1923. ing variations can be, and 3. N-Q2 was Albin. 1847-1920), (3. first played by the great German peda­ PXP), Lasker Defense (World Champion or 1. P-KB4, Cook writes: "Bird (Harry gogue Dr. - (who , who held the title for E. Bird of London, 1830-1908) consistent­ taught that Knights must be developed twenty-seven years), Manhattan Varia­ ly adopted it against all comers, and in on B3}-against Thorold and Scheve at tion, (Manhattan Chess Club), Orthodox 1885 the "Hereford Times" called it Manchester, 1890. Defense (acclaimed by Jaenisch, 1843, Bird's Opening." Its origins, however, Staunton, 1847, and pJayed several times were ancient. Naturally, Sleinitz was responsible for in the 1843 Staunton-St. Amant match), The Bishop's Opening (1. P-K4, P-K4; many ideas in the French, but it is 3. Ragozin Variation (Vyaeheslav Ragozin, 2. B-B4), referred to by all ancient auth­ N-QB3, N-KB3; 4. P- KS (Steinitz-Meitner, U.S.S.R.), Slav and Semi-Slav Defenses Vienna, 1873) that most prominently ors, derives its name, logically enough, (associated with contemporary Slavic from 2. B-B4. bears his name. players, recommended by Polerio, early The Burn Variation (4. B-N5, PxP), a examples of it occurred in the 1886 1. P-K4, P·Q4, the Center Counter deferred Rubinstein Variation, is named Zukcrtort-Steinitz match), Tarrasch De­ Game, is well named too. It was first after Amos Burn of England, 1848-1925. fense (D r. S. Tarrasch, 1862-1934, Ger­ recommended by Lucena and its first im­ "The Indians" man grandmaster, and author of "Game portant appearance was Morphy-Barnes The King's Indian Defense (1. P-Q4, of Chess" and "Three Hundred Chess vs. Staunton-Owen, 1857. N-KB3; 2. p.QB4, P-K N3) and the Nimzo­ Games") and Tartakover Defense (Dr. S. Due to the analySiS and advocacy of Indian Defense (1. P-Q4, N-KB3; 2. P-QB4, Tartakover, 1887-1956). Comjn and other Scandinavians, 1. P-K4, P-K3; 3. N-QB3, 8-NS ) are largely crea­ The Queen's Gambit ACCepted (2. P­ P·Q4 is also known as the Scandinavian tions of the Hyper·Modern School (pro­ QB4, PxP) is as old as the Queen's Gam­ Defense. fessed by Euwe, Nimzowitsch, Reti, Tar­ bit itself. Treated by aU the early writ­ The Center Game (1. P-K4, P-K4; 2. takover). In his "Jndian Systems" Ludek ers, it received one of its first practical Pachman writes: "Even after World War P-Q4), named for the obvious, dates to tests in the 1834 La Bourdonnais-Mac­ Polerio. Cochrane-Popert, 1834, is its I some representatives of the younger Donnell match. chess generation still found them so Adam. bizarre and odd that one of them, Tartak­ Ruy Lopez An offshoot of the Center Game is the over, called them 'Indian.' Later, this A Spanish clergyman, Ruy Lopez of Danish Gambit (1. P·K4, P-K4; 2. P-Q4, denomination, orIginally meant as a joke, Safra, in Estramaduro, published an PxP; 3. P-QB3). It was popularized by a JULY. 1965 147 Danish J us tice of Jutland in the Eighteen (3. P-Q4, PxP; 4. B·QB4) de ~ cends fro!l1 the deSignation applied by Prof. E. B. Thirties. the same postal affair. Adams of Brooklyn to this, his pet. M.C.O. 9 incorporates the Evans Gam­ A brother to the Four Knights' Game Robert Durkin of Lyons, New Jersey, bit and the Giuoco Piano. Both begin and the Petrov Defense, the Three is the author of the Durkin Attack, or with 1. P-K4, P·K4; 2. N·KB3, N·QB3; Kni,ghts' Game (I. P-K4, P·K4: 2. N-KB3, Knight on the Rim. (1. N·QR3, P·Q4; 2. 3. 8 ·84, B-B4; but the former branches N-KB3 ; 3. N·B3, B·NS) is also incorpo­ P·QB3, P·K4; 3. N·B2). out with 4. P-QN4. Championed by the rated into the latter in MCO 9. Early Legend has it that Dr. Savielly Tartak­ greats of the last century, and described theoreticians ignored the debut and an over (1887·1956), Russian·French grand. as "a gift of the gods to a languishing example did not appear until Staunton­ master and journalist, and Caissa's top chess world," it became linked with the Cochrane, 1841, in Walker 's "Collection wit. visited the zoo on the morning of Englishman Captain W. D. Evans one of Games." the' fourth round of the 1924 Ne w York hundred and fort.Y years ago. The parent International Tournament. He was par­ Giuoeo Piano (Quiet Game), on the Polerio (590) was first to notice the Two Kni ghts' Defense O. P·K4, P·K4: 2. ticularly fascinated by the big apes. So other hand, continues with the less brash that night he e ntered the tournament 4. P-B3. Damiano, a Portuguese, played N-KB3, N·QB3; 3_ B·B4. N·B3). It was neglected in practicc until the middle of room, sat down, and played 1. P·QN4 it at the beginning of the Sixteenth Cen­ against Geza Maroczy. Ever afterwards he tury. the last century. In 1839, Berlin master R. von Bileuer. author of the famous in sisted that it was thc result of his col­ Named after the movcs of the pieces, "Handbuch.·" published a small brochure loquy with the OrangoUtan, who had co n· the Four Knights' Game (1. P-K4, P·K4; on the defense. It is aptly christened. vinced him of the move's efficacy. Whe· 2. N·KB3, N·QB3; 3. N·B3, N-B3) was reo ther or not there is something ape-like corded almost four hundred years ago. The Max Lange Attack (1. P-K4, P·K4; about it, it has its human adVOCates. The earliest specimen is "Mr. P." vs. 2. N·KB3. N·QB3; 3. B-B4, N-B3; 4. P·Q4, Berthold Englisch of Vienna (1851 ·1897) Georgc Walker, "Chess Studies" (1834- PxP; 5. 0·0, B-B4; 6. P·KS) is closely put it on record. Alcxei Sokolsky of 44). related to the Giuoco Piano and the Two Kangush on the Volga recently wrote a Knights' Defense. It bears the name of book on it. The writers of the Sixteenth Ccntury Dr. Max Lange of Magdeburg, 1832·1899 brought us the "golden age of the fasc i­ (cf. his "Sammlung." 1857). As for 1. P-K4, or 1. P-Q4, P·KN3: 2. nating King's ." Cook says: "The P·Q4, or 1. P·K4, P·Q3. who knows what earliest Opening in the group is the And the Vienna Game, or Quee"'~ to call it1 Some say it is the King's Fian· King's Bishop's Gambit, inaugurated by Knight Opening, (1. P.K4, P·K4; 2. chctto, some the Paulsen, some the Pirc, Lopcz (1561), first analyzcd at length by N-QB3) dates from Jaenisch's "Analyse some the Robatsch, and some the Unmt· Jaenisch (1842·43)." Nouvelle" (1842·43). But to the V ien De s ~ sev. once dubbed it the go all the kudos Cor extending the theon' Rat Defense! Credit for the King's Gambit Declined and putting in practice this one-time Anthony E. Santasiere, U.S.C.F. Master, gocs to Lopez too. He proposed four popular embarkation. methods of declining it. The earliest cook, teacher. painter, musician, is thc crcator of Santasicre's Folly (1. N-KB3, known game with 2 ...... , P-Q3 (after Some Rarer Birds the characterizing moves 1. P-K4, P·K4; P·Q4; 2. P·QN4), a cross between the Intellectual and sober as the game of Reti and the OrangoUtan. 2. P-KB4) is in Staunton's "Handbook" chess happily is, it fortunately has its (1847) - Devinck·Kieseritzky. Part and hearty and humorous side too. On the Whereas the many rich works of art parcel of the declined version is the Falk­ rosters of both old and new openings of the Spanish city of Saragossa evince beer Counter Gambit (2. P-KB4, P·Q4), a are found such amusing and bizarre ones the influence of Moorish culture, it may vigorous counter attack, invented by E. as Anderssen's Opening, Barnes' De­ b ~ fair to say the Saragossa Opening Falkbeer of Oosternrijkschen in 1850. fense, Corkscrew Gambit, Crazy Cat, O. P-QB3) shows neither culture, art, nor good chess. One Juncosa fostered it. Thc Petrov Defense (2. N-KB3, N·KB3 ) Dunst, Knight On the Rim, OrangoUtan, has the name of A. D. Petrov of Russia, Polish, Saragosa, Spike. and Van't Kruys. Now the Spike (1 . P-KN4), or Kolibri who played it in the Ninenteenth Cen­ Sometimes the humor is inherent in the Opening, rna)' havc been named after a name. Sometimes it is in the moves. And tury, but it was first worked out in some sharp-pointed piece of metal, or perhaps sometimes there is mcthod in the mad· detail by his countryman Jaeni ~c h in more fittingly, a small, young mackerel. 1842. ness. In either case it comes closer to losing Thus there is Andcrsscn's Opening by fo rce than any other first move. Philidor never played Philidor's De­ (1. P·QR3), a dull first if there ever fense! (1. P·K4, P-K4; 2. N-KB3, P·Q3). And there is Van't Kruys Opening (1. was one. And yet, strange as it may P-K3) to wind up the funny, offbeat Or at least there is no record he did. seem, it was a favorite of one of the However, he remodelled and popularized debuts. Dutch in flavor, it was the prod· most brilliant players, the creator of uct of Van't Krys of Holland who used it it in 1749, its motif is in harmony with two of the most famous games- the his theory of pawn-play, and conselj,uent­ successfully against Anderssen in a "Evergreen" and the "Immortal"-World match. ly the defense justly takes the name of Champion Adolf Anderssen of Breslau Francois Andre Danican Phi 1 i d 0 r, (1818·1879). The final group of openings include Frenchman, greatest player of his time, the Alekhine, Dutch, Hungarian, King's author, swordsman and musician. Barnes' Defense (1. P-K4, P·KB3) is ttop Indian, Reversed, Reti, and the complex irrationality of Thomas Wilson Barnes of Queen's Pawn Openings. Ponziani's Opening (1. P-K4, P-K4; 2. -who had the temerity to play it against The eponymy 01 Alekhine's Defense N-KB3, N·QB3; 3. P·B3), sometimes called . O. P-K4, N·KB3) is clear. Dr. Alexander thc English Opening because of its strong A. Alekhine (1892·1946), World Cham­ advocasy by Howard Staunton (1847), The Corkscrew Gambit (1. P-K4, P-K4; 2. N·KB3, P·KB4;-Greco's Counter Gam­ pion, introduced it in a consultation got its name from Domenico Lorenzo game at Zurich, and in a game against A. Ponziani (1719·1796), the first one to bit-3. NxP, N-KB3; 4. B·QB4, PxKP; 5. N-B7, Q-K2; 6. NxR), is so called due to Steiner at Budapest, both in 1921. award it any particular written atten· tion. the spiral moves of the White Knight. The Dutch or Hollandish Defense (1. Then there is the Dunst Opening, or P-Q4, P·KB4) dates from "Traite des The Scotch Game (1. P-K4, P·K4; 2. Wild Bull (1. N·QB3), which was reared Amateurs" (1775) and Elias Stein's "Nou­ N-KB3, N·QB3; 3. P·Q4), referred to by by T. A. Dunst, New York master and vel Essai sur Ie des Echecs" (1789). Ercole Dal Rio in 1750, got its name from contributing editor to CHESS REVIEW_ Morphy favored it back in the mid- a correspondence match between Edin­ 18005. burgh and London, in 1824. Once it was The Crazy Cat (1. N·KR3, P·K4; 2. P­ Cozio mentioned the Hungarian De· described as "the Queen's Pawn Two KB3, P-Q4; 3. N·B2), once called the fensc (1 . P·K4, P-K4; 2. N·KB3, N·QB3; Game." Of course the Scotch Gambit Paris Opening, for reasons unknown, was 3. B·B4, B·K2) in 1766, but it got its 148 CHESS LIFE name from a correspondence game be· name would be a ,prodigious undertak­ tween Paris and Pcsth, 1842·43. ing, an undertaking beyond the intended scope of this little piece. But the major Obviously. the King's Indian Reversed openings have been covered. And most 1. K-KB3, N·KB3; 2. P·KN3, 1)·KN3; 3. of the main variations, Some 01 the sub­ B-N2, B·N2; 4. O.o, 0·0; 5. P·Q3) de­ variations, or "middle-name" variatIons, have not been. Norman UAAing, Holly­ fives from the Ki ng's Indian. De£eru;e. wood TV director and former New York Which one of the hypermodern or con· master, was once asked about a sub· tcmpurary players conceived and tried variation and is said to have replied: " I it fi rst is not known. do not recognize the openings by their middle·names." Many of us do not. 'The variable nature of the Reti Open· The names of a host of great and ing (1. N·KB3) Is matched by the variety near great masters and theoreticians are of close kin debuts which arc classified coupled with a host of openings and utlder it- Barcza System, Catalan Sys· their variations_ This with more or less NOW IN tern, Nimzowitsch Attack, and Zukertort justice. Among those we have not men· Opening. While these have some degree tioned are: Blackbourne, Bogoljubow, of indcpendent value, they are all Capablanca, Corio, Duras, Greco, Jaen· descendcd from the primal ] . N·KB3. isch, Keres, Kieseritzky, Kmoch, Lasker, ENGLISH And it comes down from Ruy Lopez Marshall, McCutcheon, Morpby. Muzio, (1561), Selenus (1616), WiIliams·Withers, ~ajdor(, Panoy, Paulsen (what a number Bristol, 1845, (the earliest known game of firsts belong to him!), P illsbury, Rub· in wh ich it was adopted), and the Zu· instein', S;; \-;io. Saemisch, Schliemann, • Games annotated by kertort·Potter match of 1876. Zukertort Smyslov, spielmann, Tal, Tarrasch, Tar· popularized it further in an 1883 tourna· takover, Tchigorin and others. the leading Russians! ment. However, it was Richard ReH (1889· 1929), author of the great "Mastcrs of But, with more or less injustice, the • the ," who systematically names of Bertin, Bisguier, Damiano, fashioned it into a modern, distinguish. Euwe, Fine, Fischer, Gligoric, Horowitz, • Su rveys of a II great able pattern and it is in his name which LaBourdonnais, Lewis, Lombardy, Lu· tournaments! is deservcdly and lastingly affixed to it . cena, MaCDonnell, Petrosian, Polerlo, Re· shevsky, Sarratt, Stamma, Walker and • Queen's Pawn Games is the compre· othcrs have never been affixed to any hensive heading for a dozen openings. openings and variations. • Pictures--Reviews-­ old and new. It includes all games which begin with 1. P-Q4, except the Queen's According to English master P. H. Problems--Endgames-- Gambit and the Indian Systems. The Clarke in the April, 1965, issue of the main ones are: Blackmar Gambit (1. , the ques· • P-Q4, P·Q4; 2. P·K4), Blumenfeld Gam· tion of opening nomenclature is now be· Opening Analysis­ bit (Boris Blumenfeld), ing examined by the F.I.D.E. Well and (1. P·Q4, N·KB3; 2. P·QB4, P·K4), ColIe good. Might it not be fair for it to change Brilliant Bits of Play. System O. P·Q4, P·Q4; 2. N·KB3. N-KB3; some names? To call the Bishop's the 3. P·K 3) _ after Edgar Colle of Gent, Adams, the Dutch t he Morphy, the Eng­ • 1897·1932, Dory Defense, Franco·Indian lish the Lombardy, the French the Bot· The complete, unabridged edi­ Defense, Hromadka System (Karel Hro· vinnik, the Giuoco Piano the Rossolimo, madka, Weikersdorf, 1887), Indian Cata· the King's Gambit the Keres, the King's tions of this outstanding Russian lan, Kevitz·1'raikovich Defense (1. p.Q4, Indian the Gligoric, the Queen's Gambit, magazine, pub I i I h e d twelve N·KB3; 2. P·K4. N·B3-Alexander Kevitz the Capablanca, the Slav the Euwe, the times a yeor, in magazine form. of New York), Polish Delense, Stonewall Sicilian the Reshevsky, and 1. P·K4 the Syste m (1. P-Q4, P-Q4; 2. P·K3, N·KB3; Fischer? It seems likely it will need to 3. P-KB4-descr ibes the pawn·format ion), maintain a tongue·in-clteek pose while and the ( 1. P·Q4, N·KB3; playing the humorous game of eponymy. 2. N.KB3, P·KS; 3. B · N~ ft er Carlos YOU CAN STILL Torre, Yucatan, 1904). The Queen's This then is the story of how the GET THE FIRST Pawn Games (those descending from the chess openings got their names. Or at ISSUE­ adamie 1. P·Q4) date from the Gottingen least it is how this writer at this time MS. Ponziani, Sarratt, and Selenus refer· says they did. It is not an infallible DON 'T MISS YOUR red to them too, but they were not seriously considered by the theorists un· story and not an exhaustive one. It is CHANCE! til Jacnisch. Not until the late Eighteen an attempt to update and organize a • Hundreds were they well established in rather neglected subject. It is a begin­ the category of legitimate openings. or ning and it is tentative. A definitive reo One Yeor: $11.00 course this only applies to the ancient cital awaits the future. Queen Pawn Games, which usually trans· • posed into Queen's Gambits and other debuts, and not to some of t he above Mail your check or M.O. to: ones sueh as the Budapest and Torre, which arc offspring, vintage Kineteenth SHAKHMATY ·IN.ENGLISH and Twentieth Century. $100 P.O. BOX 91 So it gOI;!S, generaliOll aftcr genera· MAKES YOU A tion, player and theoretician begetting WOODMONT, CONN. opening, opening bcgetting variation, USCF MEMBER­ variation begetting sub-variation- chess being a living, growing endeavor. To discover and disclose how eaeh and FOR LIFE! every opening and variation acquired its JULY, 1965 1<. alternative (equally unpleasanl) is 13. P-B3, PxP; 14. QxP (poor is 14. RxP , Q·N3ch ; 15. K·Rl. B·B4); 14 ...... , Q-N3; Develop or Perish 15. K·RI. R·Ql and Black's lead Is ob· vlous. T3...... NxN by Dr. ANTHONY SAIDY 14. PxN PxP 15. QxP ...... Former U.S. Open Champion Donald 15. RxP loses a pawn to 15...... Q-N3ch and 15. PxP, Q·N3; 16. K-Rl, Byrne, one of America', talented elite. R·Ql gives White n bleak future. has put toqether em impr"slve record 1 S...... Q-N3 descrvinQ 01 the grandmaster tiUe. In Stronger than 15 ...... Q·B2 ; 16. Q·K2, the first international event that I ever B-B4 : 17. P-B4 and 18 P-N3. Now the witnessed (l was a wall-board assistant KP is threatened and pressure on the at the U.S.A.-U.S.S.R. Match, New York QNP is crippling. 1954) h. WClS the star of em ill-tated 16. K·Rl R·QI 17. Q·K2 B-K3 American team. With imaqinalive play, Preventing the freeing 18. R- N3. Now he pUed up a 3·1 victory over Averbakh no relief is supplied by 18. P-N3, Q·Q5 ! 01 tb. U.S.S.R. In the 1962 Olympiad he 19. P·B3 (19. R·NI, Q·Q8ch; 20. Q·Kl. W(IS (lQain Ibe U.s. hiQ'b-sc:orer. More­ QxP); 19 ...... Q·Q8ch: 20. Q·Kl, B-Q4! over, he is one of the true qentlemen in For example : 21. QxQ. BxBch; 22. KxB. chess. RxQ ; 23. R-K2. QR·Ql ; 24. B-N2, RJ1. Q7, etc .. or 21 . B-R3, BxBch; 22. KxB , In recenl years his game has been R·Q7ch; 23. K·NI, Q-B7! som.whol erratic. He has not always 18. p·B3 R·Q2! enjoyed the best of health. In the 1963- The immediate 18 ...... , B·Q4 would 64 U.s. Championship. from which the allow White to free his game in the nick game below is taken. he received an ol time with 19. BxB, RxB; 20. R-K4!. unusuCll and, we Ina!, temporary set· QR-Ql; 21. 8·B4. back. Donald 9818 into trouble early in 19. R-K4 ...... this qame. attempting to innovate. but The pressure has become decislve­ fights back bard untU the end. when a pawn must now go. 19. P-N3, QR·Ql ; he manages to upset my equanimity 20. B-R3, B-R3! ; 21. R·K4, B·Q4! loses somewhat. The theme of the game: dis· rapidly. organized development cannot bear an opening of the position. BIRD'S OPENING D. Byrne A. Saidy 1. P-K N3 .... ' ... A move as old as Reti and as new as Benko. Donald eschews the book. I ...... P·QB4 possibilities arc num· erous: the game can go from here into Whitc's development Is disharmonious. a dosed Sicilian, Alekhine's Defense Re· Hi s Q·side pieCi!S are out of play at the versed, King's Indian Reversed, Gruen­ moment. Black therefore strives to open leld Reversed, English, Tarrasch De­ up the position. fense, etc. B...... N·KNS 2. B·N2 N-QBJ 9. R-K l? ...... 19...... B·Q4 3. P·Q3 P·Q4 Although 9. N-N3 misplaces the Knight 20. R·QN4 BxBch 4. P·KB4 ...... it Is preferable, though Black retains an 21 . KxB Q.B3ch So it's a Bird, or, in eHeet. a Dutch Re­ edge with 9 ...... , P-N3 or ...... Q-N3. 22. K-Nl ...... versed. Now there is a convincing positional A losing endgame would be 22. Q·K4, 4...... N·BJ breakthrough. BxP. 5. N·KB3 P·KNJ 22...... Q·B4ch P-QSI 6. QN·Q2 ...... 9...... 23. B·K3 QxKP Unnecessarily close-to·the·vest. White 10. N-Bl PxP 24. Q-KB2 ...... now begins to expend a lot of time con­ 11. NxP NxN Almost always the gain of a pawn reo structing a rather labored formation, 12. RxN •••••••• suits in counterplay. Here White at­ while the straightforward 6. 0 -0, B·N2; Probably a lesser evil is 12. BxN, tempts to tie up the QR. 7. N-B3 and if ...... , P·Q5, then 8. N-K4, 13xP ; 13. R-Nl (not 13. BxP?, BxR; 14. 24 ...... Q·QR4 NxN: 9. PxN (the reverse of a well QxB, Q-B2 ; 15. N·K5, R-KI); 13 ...... , 25. P-QR4 P·K4 known variation of the Dutch Defense) 8 ·Q5; 14. NxB, PxN; 15. B-82 with some Not 25 ...... , P·B4; 26. P-N 4! loosen- would be a comfortable continuation. pressure for the pawn. ing up Black's position. 6...... B-N2 12...... P-BSI 26. P-KN41 ...... 7. P-K3 ...... Pointing up the awkwardness of Threatening to cri]>ple Black's pawn This must be considered passive. 7. White's KR. majority with P·NS. P-K4 is caUed for: e.g. , 7 ...... , PxP; 8. 13. N-KS ...... 26...... P-B3! p"p. P-K4! 9. 0-0 with a loose position All or Black's forces are about to 27. P·KR4 for White, but one that is not without spring strongly into play. To solve the White was already critically short of chances. problem of developing his own, White time--something li ke 2 minutes for the 7...... 0-0 blocks the diagonal of the OPPOSing KB next 13 moves and stakes all on a last· B. 0-0 ...... at the cost of creating a weak KP. An ditch attack . ISO CHESS LIFE 17...... Q.R3 33...... B·B5ch Q·R4 mate! However , 36 ...... , It-Q6cb; 18. P·KR5 QR·Ql 34. K·N1 Q, B 37. K·K2, R·K6c h and 88 ...... , QxP pre· serves Black's win (or even 37 ...... , 19. PlI: P ...... Neater is 34...... , Q·Q6, winning No better Is 29. R-KBl, R·Q8 and ...... , Queen for Rook. R·Ql). Q-Q6. 29. BxP would resemble the actual 36...... R-Q1? game. 3S. O-B5! ...... Again missing 36 ...... , QxP! The last hope, and no small th.reat! 29...... R-Q8c:h 37. Q·B4c:h K·RI 30. bR RlI: Rc:h 35 ...... R·Q7c:h? 38. Q.K6 ...... 31. K.R2 PlI:P Sloppy play. My mistake is a common 31. BxP?1 ...... one-playing rapidly when the opponent Now White's attack peters out. The Better 32. Q.B3, best answered by is pressed for time, to deprive him of best chancc is 38. Q·QB7, after which ...... , R-Q2 , threatening both ...... , Q·Q6 the chance to think on one's own time. Black, still ove rlooking the conccpt of and ...... 8·B1. It then 33. Q·K4 ? Q·K7 'rhel'e Is no faster way to mar a winning 38...... , R-QSeh; 39. K·K2, QxP! was ch i 34. K·N3, R·Q6 wins for Black. position. Yet the veteran Reshevsky was planning on the pusillanimous 38...... , guilty of just his in the same tou8rna· Q- Nl; 39. Q·K7 or KB7, R·Q8ch; 40. K· ment against Addison. This sort of K2, Q·Ql, exchanging Queens for a tecb· Ihing can, at times, be justified-as when nical wi n. one has a hopelessly cqualized position 38 ...... R·KB1 and wants to push the opponent into 39. Q·K7 a blunder or a forfeit: thus did I en· and White overste pped the time limit. snare Benko at St. Louis, 1960--he (39 ...... , QxR win s easily anyway). obllged with both simultaneously! Or This win, my fifth of the tournament, when the chances are balanccd but the enabled me to enter the last round tied burden of accurate dctense is on one for second pl ace with Evans. My blund· side: thus did Benko gain a fitting reo er against Fischer in that final game, venge in this tournament! 35...... , throwing away a drawn ending, will live QxP! wins nicely since Black's King forever in my own personal purgatory. I escapes to KN4. 32...... B·R31 36. K.B1? ...... 33. R·N6 ...... A second after making this move, Don· Desperation, lor if 33. B·K3, then ...... , aid saw the line 36. K·D3!, QxP??; 37. BOOST AMERICAN CHES$ 8xB; 34. QxB, Q.& wi ns outrigbt. (I Q-QB8ch, K·N2; 38. RxNPch, K·R3; 39. TELL YOUR FRIENDS thought that my opponent was moving on P.N5ch!, KxP; 40. Q·N4C h (possible with ABOUT USCF sheer momentum). the King on B3!); 40...... , K·M ; 41.

ANNOUNCING. • •

A NEW U.S.C . F. BARGAIN!

e otce•

CHESS SET --- --. - - ---

This set, introduced for the first time at the NATIONAL OPEN in Las Vegas last February, proved so popular wi th the players that EVERY ONE of the 100 tournament sets on hand was SOLD on the last day of the tournament! Ideal design, proper base size and correct weighting make this the finest, most PRACTICAL available at a nywhere near the price. Made of Hi -impact, sat in-finished plast ic, it will stand up to years of tough tournament use. The piece shown is actual size; King is 3Y2" tall. Shipped in a sturdy cardboard box. Price to USCF Members: just $7.50, postpaid' (Outside continental U.S. odd $1 for postage).

Order From 80 E. 11 St. u. s. c. F. New York, N. Y. 10003

JULY, 1965 lSI Kiev, 1944 F RENCH DE FENSE BRONSTEIN GO LDE NO V 1. P·K4 P·K3 13. P x N P·QNJ 1. P·Q4 ,... 14. P·K R4 P· KR4 3. N.QB3 N' KB3 IS. Q·B3 N·B3 4. e · NS B·NS 16. B·NS N·K2 S . P .KS P·KR3 17. 0 ·0 B·R3 6. B·g2 18. QR·BI Q.Q2 7. PxB N"·K .S 19. Q. B' K R. Nl eaa ..-ncol'ea 8. Q·N4 P·KN 3 20. R·B3 N·B4 9. B·BlI? P·gB4 21 . N· N3 NxQP 10. B.Q3 PxP? '12 . KR·BI N· N4 II. N·K2 N·B4 23. Rj3·B2 Q·Q I 12. PxP Nx Bc h '14. R·B8!! Ru lgn$

U iplig Olympiad, 1960 KING'S INDIA.N R. LETELIER R. FISCHER 1. P·Q4 H -KB3 13. Q· NI pXP 8IRO'S ""OPENING 2. P-QB4 P·KN3 14. P·KBS P-KS ,. RESHEVSKY TRAUSE 3. N-QB3 8 ·N2 IS. PxB PxN P-KB4 P·K3 B_Kl 4. P · K4 0 ·0 U. PxP P-B4 .. ,. P·B3 5. P-KS N·Kl 17. P_B4 N· Bl ,. N _KB3 P·Q4 •• P-QRl P·KR3 6. P _B4 P ·Q 3 18. 8 ·K2 KR-Kl ,. P-KH3 H·KB3 •• N.Q2 H.g'l 7. 8 _K 3 P·QR4 19. K·82 Rx P 8 · N2 B_Q 3 P _B4 P·QN] 8. QPxP N _QBl 20. R_1(1 QR.Kl •• ,. p.Q. N_B3 ". P·ON4 P·B3 ,. BP,.; P PI

T h e Fi nal Po.ilion

* No rwi*ch, 1811 * G IUOCO PIANO AMATEUR BLACKBURN E 1. P· K4 P.K4 10. Q.Q'1 B· K3 '1. N·KB3 N·QB3 11. B·N3 0·0 3. B·B4 B·B4 12. QR.Ql g .Q2 4. 0 ·0 N·B3 13. N·R2 BxP! S. P ·Q3 P·Q3 14. BxB B>( P' 6. P·K R3 N·K2 I S. K>(B N.BSch 7. B·NS P·83 16. K·Rl P>(8 8. B·K3 B· N3 17. P·B3 N/3·R4 9. N·B3 N· N3 12. NxP! N,N 15. g · B'1. R-QRI 24 ...... Qx Pch l! 13. Px P e., 16. Q-N6ch K_K2 Rulgns. ". h' B·N2 17. g · B7 M a te * * St;he venlnger . 191 3 * U.S. OPEN FOUR KNIGHTS' GAME Milwaukee, 1953 EDWARD LASK ER ,. ENGLUND NIMZO-INDIAN D. .. P·K4 P· K4 B.Q3 ,... BYRNE R. PITSeHAK P' Q4 N· KB 3 P.B51 QPxP ,. N·KB3 N·gB3 ". B· K3 g .Q3 .. U . P·QB4 P· K3 ,. N· B3 N·B3 n".. B·KB4 g .KBJ ,. P·KB41 KPxQP ,. N.gB3 B-NS ". P·KS ! g ·gl B·NS N.QS 14. g x P I P·B3 (a] •• P·QR3 BxNc h ". ,. N,' Q· K2 IS. Q.K4 B·K3 •• . P·BS N·B2 P.QN3 " N-B3 Nx P ? 16. R·K3 B·gB4 ,. e.. 18. Px P ,,' •• P·B3 B_N1 ,. 0-0 .,. 11. B·KS g .R3 •• 19. B·K4 N· N4 B· NS 10. P·8' Q.g2 20. K·NI Q· N1ch gPxN NxNch 18. R· N3 B·KBI ,. •• P· K4 gN' ..·g1 ' 21. gR·gI 21. RxQ N·R' M ate .,N g ·B4 19. R.gI I •• ... , •• B·g3 P· K4 21. g .B21 ' 0. R·Klc h B· K2 •• P· NJ 10. N·K2 N_B I 13. P·gR4 N·B2 11 . 0 ·0 N·K3 24. NxP N·g4 * Pa ris, 1924 12. BxNI ... 25. P' K6l QUEEN'S *PAWN GAME* 13. g .R4ch P·B3 A. OIBAUD M . LAZARD '" 1. P·Q4 H· KB 3 3. Px;P N· NS 2. N·Q2 P·K4 4. P· KR3?

19 ...... ,. . 0·0·01 20. Q x Pchl e.. 21. B·II.6 M at e 26. NxKP! 30. RxR g ·BI (Il) If 14 ...... , QxB; 15. U·N5ch, K·BI (15. 17. BxN 31. R.K7 R· B2 ...... , P·B3; 16, BxPch ); 16. Q'Q8ch!, Bx Q; 17. 28. QR·KI 32. Q·gNl Q·Bl 4...... N·K6 mllt ~ . 29. Q·B31 33. KR·KI Re$lgn$ Resig n s 152 CHESS LIFE O, tlnd, 1901 Bad Gutl ln, 1948 COrrl$PondenCl, 1952 CE NTEA COU NTEA GAME SICILIAN DEF!; NSE P E ALIS BUDAP EST DEFE NSE MIESU N. AOSSOL IMO t. AOMANENKO I. P'Q4 N·KIII 3 S. KlIB N_K5 e h 1. P-K4 P·g4 12. K N·K2 .,. 1. P·K4 P·QB4 7. P·K5 N.NI 2. P.QB4 P·\(4 6. K·B3 Q· R5 2. PxP gllQN Q" 13. 0 ·0·0 2. N·\(B3 N·gBl • . P ·Q3 NlIB 3. P·Q5 11·114 7. P-KN 3 3. N·QBl g ·gR4 B.Q3 I". 0 ·1)-0 3. B·N5 P· KN 3 t . N"N P .QRl 4. P·KR3 B"Peh 4. P·Q4 N·KBl 15. B-QII4 KR·KI 4. 0-0 B·N2 10. N.Q6:hl P.-N 5. B.Q] N·B3 16. II"Bch S. R·Kl N_B3 11 . B·N!I Q.R4 6. B·Q2 ... P·K4 17. Q·1I4 Q.B1 6. N·Bl N·QS 12. PxPch k _BI 7. N·NS Q·N3 II. Q·BI Q ' B~ 8. Q·K2 P.oA] It. " ·KN] lI ·k ! , . N-QBl B-KN! 20. Q.N2 A·N] 10. P-B3 21. II·KI Q·Kkh 11. Q" P <; h 6."-Kl 22. lI·g2 ...... •

7 . •...... • Q"NPeh t . I

  • FROM'S GAMBIT ,. N·QB3 P·Q4 ,. P·1<4 P-Nl Alex Keyes, Cambridge, Mass. took sec­ L. FRIED C. SCHLICHTIiiA •• N·BJ II ·N2 •• P·k ! .. ., ond with M~ points, followed by Don­ 1. P-KB4 P· K4 6. B·N! P·KAl ald Haffner, W. Chelmsford, Mass., Jerry 2. PxP N·QBl 1. II ·A4 P· KN4 3. N·KB3 P'Q l • • B·B2 N .KS 0 2 Pesquo, Stratford, Co nn. and Edward 4. PxP ... t. " ·Kl P·NS Martin, Darien, Conn.-all with 5- 1. 5. P·g4 N·B3 10. B·R4 _•. ••.• II was a tough tournament (or some of the masters. Charles Weldon of Mil· waukee rinished tenth, losing to Alar Pullm (USCr rating 1728) of Toronto, Canada and being held to a last-round draw by a l ·year·old USCF Expert Harlow Daly of Sanford, Maine. George Krauss of Fairview, Mass. lost to Dr. Peter Laube (1864) of Roeky Hill, Conn. in the third round besides bei ng defeated by Alex Keyes, while "Chess Life" columnist Erich Marchand of Rochester, N.Y. could t . PxNl BlIQ 14. QR·Ql .. , 10. PlIB K"P 15. P"N P .Q84 place no higher than 16th. 11 . axB N-B3 16. N·NS P·K3 Class prizes went to Martin (Class " A"), 12. B·1<3 N·NS 11. RxPe hl Resign. De Pasquo ("B"), Richard Collins ("C") 13. 0-0 N·B1 1O ...... P"NI 13. K·Q3 N·NSeh After 17 ...... , K·R3; 18. RxPch, K .. N: 19. and T/Sgt. Gene Estes (Unrated). 11 . BxQ " ·B1e h 14. K" N P·B4 m a t i P·1t4eh, K·N5; 20. B·K2eh and It's all over. 12. K· K2 B·N5c h CE NTRAL M IC HIGAN OPE N LA NSING, 1965 M IDDLE GAME- NEW ID EAS IN CHESS SICILIAN DEFENSE Contd. from p. 145 by Lar ry Evans J . Wus.rm." T. A. Jenkins R(6)-N3; 51. Q'Q~8c h , R·Nl White re­ I . P-K4 P-QB4 I S. B-B4 Q-N3 signed. A lucid and compre hensive 2, N-KB3 P-Q3 16. QR -Kl Of the two possible ways of realizing exposi t ion of the fa mous Fa'.Jr 3. P-Q4 PxP K R-ONI the fruits of the Queen sacrifice, Black Elements of Chess: Spa c e, 4. NxP N-KB3 17. N-Ql O-B4 chose the inferior one. The r esult was Time, F o r c~, Pawn St ructure. 5. N-QB3 P-KN3 18, B-Q3 P-R6 oblained. but the esthetic side o[ the A book tha t can b? studied 6, P-B3 N·B3 19. N-B3 PxPch combinatiO!l wa .> tarnished. Co nsequent­ wi th profit by a ll players - 7. B·K3 B·N2 20. K-NI R-R6 ly, technical im peccability also appears 8. Q-Q2 0-0 21. P-K5 P. P to be a substantial clement is estbelic from Novice to Moste r. list Price: $3.95. 9. 0 ·0 ·0 P·QR4 22_ N-K4 o.. appreciation. To look {or an analogy, a 10. NxN PxN 23. P-B3 Q-R6 technical mistake in the process of a USCF Mem bers' Price : only II, B·R6 B-K3 24. B-84 R-RBc h combination may be compared to an $3,35 postpaid 12. Bd KxB 2S. K-B2 B.P ugly smear on an otherwise fine paint­ 13. P-B4 P·R5 Resigns ing. But in the case of the painting, Order from 14. P-B5 B.Q2 ther ~ is the possibility of washing off the smear and thus enable the painting USCF to regain its full value. r\ot SO with 80 E. 11 St. BOOST AMERICAN CHf SS et:ess. The "si n" once commilted renders New Yo rk, N.Y. 10003 TELL YOUR FR IENDS the chf'.ss game impaired as far as ils ABOUT USCF arlistic value is concerned,

    JULY, 1965 15.3 Here and There • • • In spite of the flooding Platte River, 3·1 (losing only to Hudson) and won the The sixth annual Oklahoma City Open 55 chcsspJayers turned out for the Cen­ Class A award. on June 19-20 saw Jack Shaw of Albu­ tnl Blink Open, played in Denver, • • • • • querque, N.M. edge out Oklahoman D. Colorado and concluded on June 25. Still in California : The championship Ballard for first place in t he 24·pLaycr Wi nner in a 6-0 sweep was Harlan of the City Terr.c. Chess Club in Los senior division_ J _ F. Campbell (") won Graves; Dennis :--laylin, Valy Mal ley and Angeles ended on June 16 in a 5·0 the " A" prize; Charles McClaughlin (3) Marvin Katz followed next, in that OT­ sweep by Steve Parker. ~ eil Hultgren, took the " B" award; R. H _ Dermer ( 2 ~) der, onc point behind. Graves won the John Earnest, Steve Ra ins, and Steve was tops in Class ;'C"; and Carl Sievers "/\" prize, lop "8" was Joe Mickios, Szirmay- a\l wit.h 31£ points-followed (21£ ) won the Upset Prize. An 18·player top "e" Keith Parker, and the "D"­ the leader in a field or 23 players. junior tournament, held concurrently, Unrated award went to Larry Gaffney. • • • • • was won by Tommy Amburn. The Okla­ • • • • • Charles T. Boggs of Huntington, W. homa Chess Association sponso red the from "Tcrrachess," Gordon Barrett's Va. scored 4'-h points in live rounds to event and Jerry Spann directed. lively bulletin, we learn that Duncan take a clear fi rst in the Ashllnd Sum­ • • • • • Suttles is the new Clolifornill Rapid mer Open, played in Ashland, Kentucky The championship of Philadelphia's Tnn5it Chlmpion. Suttles scored 5lh-l lf.z on June 26-27. John Spencer, Columbus, famed Frlnklin Mercilntile Ch.ss Ctub, In the Jo'inRl s; SyCO Almgren was second Ohio and Dr. Alex Darbes, Charleston, concluded on June 19, was won by with 5·2, followed by Bill Maillard, 41h - W. Va. were second and third in a field Joscph Shaffer with a score of 5lh -1'h,. 211" . Last year's champion, Allan Troy, of 16. Second, a point behind, was Myron Ze­ did not compete. • • • • • Iitch. Albert Qu indry and Dr. Max Co­ The rapids were played in Fresno dur­ Ronald Gross, with 5'-h- lh . finished a hen, each wi th 4-3. fi nished third and ing the period devoted to the annual clear fi rst in the 54-player Sin Bernu· fourth in a fie ld of 24 players. North·South Match. That elassic event dino (Calif.) Open on May 1-2. E nos was once more won by the North, this Wicher and Sven Almgren, each with • • • • • time by a score of 21-18_ 5-1, finished second and tbird respec­ The 1965 championship of the Pitts_ A new event held at the North-South tively. }-"ourth and fifth were Arthur burgh Chen Club, concluded June 5, meeting was the first C.liforni. JO.30 Spiller and Touradj Saidi, 4'-h _ All five was won by L. W_ Gardner whose score Open. Speedster Suttles played this one qualiry into the 1965 state champion­ of 7-2 topped a ten-player round robin_ at a slower but the results were ship. The Open, sponsored by the San Dr. F. A. Sorensen finished second, haU­ just as snappy: his score or 5'-h-Y.z gave Bernardino C.C., was directed by Gor­ a-point behind an d Alex Spitzer, with don Barrett_ 6-3, was third. him a clear fi rst in a field of 32 • • • • players. R. Larsen, with 5-1 , was run- • • • • • ner-up_ The Oownust Open, played in POrl­ • land, Maine on June 18·2Q, was won by The fi rst " Houston Chronicle" Inter­ • • • • • Alexander Keyes who topped the 28- national Endgl me Tourney has just The first annual Penn St.t. Open, player field with an undefeated score been announced and will continue until played at Pennsylvania State University of 4·1. Gerald Rubin was second, Clar­ January 15, 1966. Endgame composers on June 26-27, drew an entry of 18 ence Hewlett third, and Robert Rubin who desire to participate may send an players and saw the mathematicians add fourth- all with 4'-h points. Larry Eld· unlimited number of entries, in dupli­ up most of the points. Tournament win­ rige and John Morrill were tops in cate, with diagrams, full solutions and ner, with 41h-Y.z , was Robert W_ Walker, Class "B" , Richard Collins scored in analytical remarks, together wi th their until recently a graduate student in Class "C" and the top unrated awa rd printed names and addresses to the math at Carnegie Tech, while two Penn went to Hewlett. tourney director, George H. Smith, 15602 State math profs-P o Szusz and Orrin • • • • • Shanghai, Houston, Texas 77040. The Frink-placed second and third respee­ The Plrk Avenue Open, played in panel of judges is headed by Robert S. lively_ The tournament was sponsored Minneapolis on June 26-27, ended in a Brieger of Houston. He will be assisted by the Penn State Varsity Chess Team. 3-way tie among Michael Callinan, James by WiUiam A_ Biils and Eric Bone_ In­ whose coach is none other than Inter­ Young and Roger Rudolph, all with 31fl - ternational F.I.D_E. judge Harold M. national Master Donald Byrne . 1 Y.z . It was a to-player Swiss. sponsored Lommer of Valencia, Spain, will serve • • • • • by the Park Ave. Chess Club. as technical adviser_ First prize in the There's been plenty of club activity • • • • • competition will be $50, ~nd $25, in California. For example, the 1965 The Junior Championship of New third $15, fourth $10 and $10 for hon­ championship of the Capit.1 City Chen York's Marshlll Chess Club, a 13-player orable mention. There will be a special Club in Sacramento drew an imposing round r obin that came to an end on S10 prize for the best U.s. entry. entry of 60 players with qualifying sec­ June 22, was won by Irving Prus with • • tions and a round robin Final; winner a score of 9'-h -2'-h . Bruce Altschuler, • • • and dub champion was Serglus von Alvin Williams scored 7 '-h ·2'-h to win 9-3, was second and Robin Spital (who the Spring Tournament of the Kings­ Oettingen, with four wins and one draw handed the tournament winner his only in the top section of the finals_ men Chess Club in Brooklyn. N.Y. Adol­ loss) took third, with 81£ . Other high­ phus Holder and Edward Phillips, 7-3, The Sacramento City Championship, scorers were John TOwsen and Bruce tied for second and third _ The ll-player a four-round Swiss, co-sponsored by the Pandolfi ni , each wi th 8-4. round robin ran {rom February to May . City Recreation Department and the • • • • • Capital City Chess Club, was played on Fifty-nine players took part in the • • • • • May HI -lB. This one was U.S. Air Force matches of the Ari!on. Chess L.lgue, The Milnh.tt.n Chen Club won all all the way, with the three entrants played in various cities from J anuary six of its matches to take lirst place from Mather AFB finishing one-two­ 31 through May 23_ First among the in New Yo rk's Metropolitan Chess three in a field of 36. Co-champions, four-player teams were "Humphrey's League. Other results in the "A" Divi­ with 3 Y.z -Y.z , were Capt. John A. Hudson Kings," a Phoenix team captained by sion; Marshall 5-1 ; Queens 3'h : Scarlet (U.S. Amateur Champion in 1956) and Edwin Humphrey. Second place went to Knights 31£ : MarshaJl Reserves I Y.z ; Airman 2/ C Walter Harris_ Lt. Col. E. B. ,"' ort Huachuca, captained by CWO John N.Y_ Chess & Checker Club IIh; Ja­ Edmondso n, USCF President, tallied M. Yates. maica, O. 154 CHESS LIrE EASTERN OPEN FORMANEK WINS MASTER Pal Benko, scoring 7J.h points in 8 EVENT ZAGREB, 1965 rounds, won the 1965 Eastern Open, E dward Forma nek continued his sen· I I played in Washington, D. C. on July 2-5. sationa l winning streak of recent mo nths KI NG'S INDIAH DEFE HSE Benko won his fi rst fi ve games, was by taking undispute d first place in the UOOVCIC GLiGOR ICH touched for a draw in round six by Lar­ inaugu ral Masters' Opcn in Minneapolis, 1. P44 H·Ie83 I'. '1·82 KR·81 2. P.QB4 ".KNl 20. RU )- Rl ry Gilden, and defeated Walter Ship­ :\linn. on June 11·13. F orma ne k, a col· ... , 3. H. K8, II·H2 21. H· 1I6 man and Hans Berliner in the final ... I<::ge stude n t from Chicago, won the 191· 4. P.IeN3 P·1I4 22. RxR .., two rounds to clinch the title. player GI'eater Chicago Open in March s. P.QS ".Q3 23. N·R7 R·Rl New York masters Paul Brandts and and tied with Robert Byrne in the lIIi· 6. B-N2 N·R) 14. Bx N ••• Asa Hoffmann fi nished a half point be­ 1. 0 ·0 N·B2 25. Q. H3 R•• nois Open in May. He t ook the Masters' .. H·1I3 0.0 26. Bx Pch K·BI hind the winner and scores of 61k we re by going undefeated in a field that i n· , . H·Q2 R·NI 27. QxR BxKP turned in by Hans Berliner, Larry GlI· cluded grandmaster Arthur Bisguier. 10. P·QR4 P·H3 21 . II· K6 Q·N1 den, Herbert' Avr am, and Jack Maye r. 11 . R· R2 P.QR3 2'. Q· RS K·Kl Drawing with Bisguier in the first 12, N·H3 8·'11 30. Q.R4ch II ·N4 We have received no information as round, he went on to d eCeat Minnesota 13. 11 .'12 P·QN4 31. Q·KB4 B·KB3 to the order in which they finished. A Champion Miltun Otteson, Charles W ei· 14. RPxP PxP 32. B.II ;; Q·R3 total of 176 players competed. don and Stephan P opel, yielding his 1$. Pxp Hx NP 33. BxB Q·R8ch The Eastern Open has been held 16, N·RS '1·82 34. K·N2 B·Bach only other draw to P aul T autvaisas. Bis· 17, R·KI R·Rl 3S. K·B3 Q·Qkh annually since 1960. Previous winners: gu.ie r, who lo ~t in a last·round time 18. Hx N 8xH 36. Resig ns 196O-James Sherwin scramble with L t. Donato River a J r ., had NIMZO IN OIA H DEF EN SE IVKOV 196 1- Eliot Hearst to be content with second place, edging GLI GOR ICH 1962-Pal Benko 1. P·Q4 N·KII3 20. P·B ) Q·R4 out Rivera and Tau tvaisas on tie·b reak 2. p·QB4 P· K3 21. K·RI .., 1963-Arthur Feuerstein points. 3. N.QB3 II·HS 22 . R·KHI B·H5 1964-William Addison The tour nament. sponsored by the 4. P·K3 0 -0 23 . RxB 5. 8·Q3 P· B4 24. B·B3 KR·K•••I i\1inncsota State Chess Association and 6. N·B3 P·Q4 25. P· K4 ... directed by Alden Riley, marks a wei· 7. 0 ·0 H.B3 26. Q·H2 Q·B6 BONFIRE come add ition to the U.S. chess scene , . P.QR) 11· 11;4 27. II ·N4 P·B6 I and we wish it every success in years 9. BPxP KPxp 28. QxQ BO NFI RE, a new,letter, requests your 10. PxP 29. BxP H•·••QS letter for p ublication d iscussing any to come. Only by playing in strong II . Px8 B••·N•S 30. R·KN' aspect of chess. Letter, should be even ts of this sort will r ising young 12. P·84 N·K4 31. Rx Pch K·BI••• w ritte n as open lette rs to BONFIRE's players from the m id·west, like For ma· 13, II·H2 NxHch 32. RxP .... 14. PxN B·IU 33. p·KS K·K2 read eN a nd signed with the writer's ne k, realize their [ uil potential. 1$. R.KI N·KS l4. K·Nl N·84 address includ ed. Subscription rates The following brilliancy was played U. P·84 Q·RS 35. 8 · H4 K· K3 of BON F IRE are $1.30 for twelve is- in the third round a nd res ults from an 11. Q.B3 ... , 36. K·83 "'·It RI 31. R.signs sues. old line, frequently played by Steinitz, 18, Q.K2 .. , 1' . 8·82 QR.oI BONFI RE in the Vie nna Game. The score is taken I!NGLlSH OPE NIHG Box 14122 from the "Minnesota Chess J ournal," PETROSIAH LARSEH SAN A NTONIO, T EXAS (782·14) ed ited by Dr. George Tiers. 1. P.QB4 P.oB3 11. N.83 H·Bl 2. N·KlIl H·Ke, 12. P·K4 R·lel VIENNA GAME 3. P . Q N ~ "·KN' 23. R·B3 R·KB I P. TAUTVAISAS A_ SANORI N 4. 8·N2 8·Nl 14. R(I )- K81 "·KR4 ,- P·K4 "· K4 12. Q.N3 10.8 , s. P·N3 0-0 1S. P·QR4 P·R4 ,. H·QB3 N·KB3 13. B· R6 11 ·11' 6. II·H2 P.Q3 26. N·QI P·Hl ,- P·B4 P·Q4 14. P·Q4 HxQP 7. 0 ·0 P· K4 21. N·K3 N·KI BOOST BPxP 15. HxN S. P·Q3 R· KI 21. N·B4 •• ... ••• 9. Q.B2 P·B4 19. Q·N2 .H..·Q3 ' - P·Q3 Hi. Rx P B·K N5 .- •p·QS•• 17. Bxll '0. N.B3 N·Bl :;0. P·KH4 ,.. AMERICAN ...... B.NS ,.. N·II l H·1I 3 18. R·1I4 B·Q3 II . P.QR3 31 . QxP P·B4 •• B·K1 B.oB4 19. B·RS P·KN l 12, P·K3 P·KR3 32. QxNP R·B 3 CHESS •• 0 -0 Px Pch 20. BxP ... 13, N.Q2 Q.Ql 33. Q· NS ••• 10. K·R' o~ 11. QxP ch K·R' 14. N·QS .,. 34. QPx H P·B5 11 . Q·KI R·KI 12. B·HS Resign. '5, PxN N·N' 3S. K·RI '1''13 16. P·BI 8·R' '6. R·KHI K·NI '7. Bxll ... 37. R·R 3ch K·N I MASTERS' OPEN II. H·K4 Q·Ql 38. R·R5 P·B6 19. P·B4 N·Rl 39. BxP Minneapolis, J une 11 -13 20. PxP P.P 40. QxB mate ••• SICILI AH OEFE HSE 1- Form. nel{, Edw. rd, III ...... 01 W .. W" o. WS GLl GORIC H LARSE N ,. BI.gu l.r, Arthur, N.Y...... 01 wn w. WS • ,. P·K4 P.QB 4 P.. ,.. N EXT MONTH: ,. River. Jr., U . D" IIJ...... WB W. 0' "w, .. ,- H·KIIl P·K3 ". B·B2 B·84 •• T. utv.llIl, P.ul., IIJ ...... WI3 "W. w-. ' I ,. P·Q4 ..P ". B·84 Q·H3 Pop. l, Steph. n, N.D...... Wll W. W, U ,'" ., N.QB3 11".. N·QS Th. USCF R

    Aug u st 11·22 by mail and e n t ry Is received before Sep. tember 3. Ent rle~ & d e tails: F r ank Skaff, 1400 Toum. rnent orv.nlt. .. wishIng . n· 2ND MARBLE CITY OPEN :;-r d SwIss. 40/90 minutes , at Edwin H. War'ner, Chicago 60013, 111. noune-ment of USCF rated flvent. Lawrence Recreation Center, 86 Center St., .hould mike . ppllcatlon lit le n ' ,Ix Rutla nd, Vermont. Entry fee U . Prizes, $40, Septe m be r 3·6 wHk' briore the pubUntJon d", of 1st; otners depndlnll on entl· .e~ . J>. u y a ,w~ enlries and InquIr ies: Ralph Williams, 13 OHIO CHESS CONGRESS CH.SS LIFE. Spe

    August 13.15 FRANKLIN·MERCANTILE .,, 80TH ANNIVERSARY OPEN

    A ugu st 27·29 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, OPEN AUgust 13-15 Septe mber 3·6 GOLD COAST OPEN NEW ENGLAND OPEN

    T"AUg ust 21-29 DA KOTA OPEN '

    Bemidji Trophies C. Cash $5 ; jun- Aug ust 28-29 ",e' ;:tJ.I MMinnartin. ;w ,,~;PANHANDLE OPEN Septe mbe r 3·6 MICHIGAN OPEN

    AU9ust 28.29 BARSTOW OPEN :;·rd SwiSS, 30/ hr, at Jones Ranch, 2425(1 Na. tlonal T raU! Hwy .• Barstow, Calif. T ro phies for lBt, 2nd. 3rd. Entry fee $1. Ent ries clO$

    Septe mber 3·S UNITED NATIONS OPEN 7·rd Swiss at Hotel North Park, ChIC8!W. 1st prhe: $200~ 2nd $125, 3r d $100; total pr Ze fu nd Over $luOO. Entry ree S14 adults $9 junio rs under 19. $1 discount If you enter

    OFFICIAL USCF EMBLEM Be proud of your national chess organiUltion! ,*pte m ber 3·6 Wear this attractive lapel button and show USCF NEW JERSEY OPEN everyone you're a USCF member and a chess· player. 80 E. 11 St. Gold Plated with enameled blac k and white miniature chess board. New York, N.Y_ Letters and crown in gold. Screws into button· hole and remains there. 10003 Available only to USCF members. Price in­ cludes Federal excise tax of 10%. Oniy ... .$2 .20

    158 CHESS LIFE Sapta mbl r 1·6 October 16_17 GEORGIA STATE CLOSED MIDWEST OPEN P

    Sa ptamlMr :1-6 ALASAMA OPEN October 23-24 NORWICH UNIVERSITY 7-rd S",I"" 4S/ 2. a t Thomas Jerre rson Ho tel. 2nd Ave. & 17th SI. N .• Blrml na ham. Ala . INVITATIONAL (I';n;t ro und opllo na l Sept. 3 or 4) Cash p riWI & t rophies; Ala bama Chaml.lon. hlp 10 hlg h est-::iwlss, 50 /2. at Schenectad y Y:'o:ICA. 13 l nqulrlea: Edward M . ~'o y, 1 ~ Lewis St .• :. ...." ",., " cn~ fl " c, ,,u y, 1'<.1":. I'< (" .... " UU". 5· [" d Swl.l. 50 / 2, rest rlcted to en rolled l ull. Charlest o n, W. Va. 1. 2) pluB UM,': Jo rcq u.. r cd. n cals , r.m on to ~ time unde r. r aduatCl, t o be played at Hetzel p ,.n. on SePt . .1.7. ;;l \N urat P " ' ~" i"L1" '~ n, c ~u; Onio n Hldg., Pen n State UniverSltY1 Unlvc r. ",''u s a~ "nU"les Pt,·m.t. a,;,Hry It", . 1",; Jun. 51ty Park P a, 16802. Team and Indlv dua l tro­ Sapla mber .-' 1U ';lI (ui>uer l ~) '1'>. Au va nct: ,,' Hf.c' .. VII I' phlu; e nlry fee $ 10 a team (nu mber of play. ROCKY MOUNTAIN OPEN ..... r keu t o Sep\embe r H : '" d< $4. n a ptd Inn· eu per team not s peeIIled). Delalls: .Jo hn ~" w ur ney ,,;uu"a a)' 11' 11" 1. .... , .. r ,,,. '" " ,,,, .. ,. P aul Devereaul<. OIfiee o r Vice P r esident e J nes: LUwa rO va""". IbU Ave. A . :'cne" eC.M u.i, S t udent Alla in, Unlve nlty P a rk, P a . 16302. _'l.Y. 12lW. Septe mbe r 11-19 SAY AItEA CHAMPIONSHIP r.-rd :sw\.s.s 8l Mcenanles' In.&Ututu L hcu Room, :'1 P ost ';t .• 4tn "'..... r. """, r r .. ' .... _". Stlp'l m lM r 1-$ Cahf. 9'1104. twg13lfa llOn close.. a t 11 lI.m . UII CHESS LIFE ANNUALS ::.cpt. l ~. (,l ua ra n, eeo ..rue s : ••, " .~ a (;;.;> c ...." 11TH ANNUAL IOWA OPEN piUS ~ t ravel ekpe.. ",," .0 su,., e .. a" ,I" "' ''· "m p Ul Loi Ange.e .. 1" "'" 1<>0 I"",,or,, r ." .... ); 1961-1962-1963-1964 Zno $ttl; J rd $"l :> ; <.;Ia"" A , :JW; .... , llIS I> ~~, <.;1 .... , <.; &. Unr 81e0/ 2, at .East D e trOIt 'I een C~n­ Photos Si pte mbi r 1·6 ter. 16WO "t.~ v"en " Lonve, .1'.: , u .,tro.." , I\1.CH. 12TH ANNUAL " HEART OF AMERICA" I,..namplOnshlp a nu r unn er·up uop"y. u opn,CI lOr l-l ass A, I:l, C, D. top JUnio r . ",'ntry l ee Articles by the World's OPEN ,;J.t>O; Junlo,.s UnOer 18. ~~ . ~ U . ..;nlne. 0. tn· " ..... ,,,s : itOY COHInS, 29656 Newpo r t Dr ., War _ ren, MICn . .I.. t r ound a\ ~ a,lll . ..,n "'''p l, :.:~. leading chess outhorities Sa pta mber 25·26 HARTFORD AMATEUR OPEN $6.00 postpaid each volume ltu'flcted t o p a,,)"er" rat.c" below :w ... ~ a nd to Unra,eU players. ., r o unas, J ,,/ nr. noJ aj .. u,. catIon s. nrst rO Wld s tartl at 1 (1 a.m, Ten Available only from , u o ph,,,s: cnampI<.lDslllP p,us In·Znu·Jrd UI h ptl m bar 4-6 eaen el classes A. IS, C. ",ntry t h ~ \# Ii NEW YORK STATE OPEN pa,,, ny "",plemner 1<1). 'J"uurn ame n. . .l ~ : n an roru l " ' ''A. J l ~ Peart St., n a rll o ru. C,m n. 6-nl S wiss, ro/ 2, a l Hotel Rlehrord 2]0 Dela· u ur'es & Inqu,r les: t 'r ederlel< >::i. Townnnd, ware Ave " Buffalo. N.Y. Realttral fon 11 11 12 I U I:lerm uda « d .• Wet nerll.lelO. I,..oo n, USCF n oon Sept. 4. n rst p r lle $200; .ddilio na l $$ a nd lrophles. Ent ry eee $10; j unlon unde r 80 E, 11th St, 21, $8.00 plu. OSCF and NVSCA due. (U Octob., 2-3 adul!t;; $ ] j uniOrs). Ent ries and Inquiries: 6TH ANNUAL GATEWAY OPEN New York 3, N_Y , Geor ge Maue r , 14 RawUnl St" DuU. lo, N.Y, 5-ro S " 'lss, 50/ 2. a t Golde n T r la nllie YMCA. 14211. :.04 Wooo ::. .. , }-iUsuu r g h n, !'enna. "lIN mil'. g uaran teed 1St; ea"" prues for ltn .. , 3ro ; 3 Septl mber I" c.ass pnzes for A. IS, C; 2 junio r p n te., I::n ory VIRGINIA CLOSED CHAMPIONSHIP fee $1;; $

    JULY, 1965 159 C ES S - The Story of Chess Pieces from Antiquity to Modern Times BY HANS and SI EGFIUED W ICHMANN Over 200 illustrations The origins of the gome o f chess are lost in obscurity Legend and fable attribute the game to ancient civilizat ions, older perhaps than 4,000 years. The earliest k.nown auth..) r­ ity is a tenth-c.entury Ara bic author, A I Mas'udi, who d .:! ­ scribes li fe-size Indian chess sets carved in ivory in the forms of men and animals. None of these Indian pi eces survived, but a figure of Arabic workmanship in the some style does exist , end it is wi th this first o c know L~dged ch ~s~ p iece thot the magnificent photographic record of ch<:ssm,Jn begins in t his book. For religious reasons, the Arabic pieces could not be representational. They took symbolic forms, evolving late r, In the Christian world, inta figures quite unrelated to the original Ind ian pieces. Chess sets have since been mode fr om ivo ry, wa lrus bone, porcela in, blown gloss, quartzite, 010· bost er, coral, all manner of woods, and a wide ronJc o f metals-from the jewel-studded gold ond silver St% 01 kings (lnd princes to the h ighly styl ized !'i toinless steel pi.=ces of today. Hans and Siegfried W ichmann have traced the d cve b p· ment of the meaning of the chess pieces and describ 2d th .:- ir artistic execution. Over two hund red illustrations, ma ny in color, shaw the finest a nd rarest chess pieces in the wo rld. LIST PRICE...... $15.00 U S C F MEMBERS' PRICE . $ 12.75 postpaid Order From' USC F • 80 E. 11th St, • New York, N, Y. 10003

    • 740 PAGES: CHESS 7Yl X 9 inches, clothbound

    221 diograms OPENINGS: 493 idea variations Theory 1704 practical variations and 463 supplementary variations

    3894 notes to all variations Practice

    and 439 COMPLETE GAMES! NOW AVAILABLE FROM USCF! List Price $12,50 - e - The newest work in English on the chess openings USCF by I. A. HOROWITZ Members $10,65 in collaboration with Postpaid Price Dr. , Ernst Gruenfeld, and other leading authorities Order From' USC F • 80 E, 11th St. • New York, N. Y. 10003 160 CHESS LIFE