Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Fakulta Sportovních Studií

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Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Fakulta Sportovních Studií MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA V BRNĚ FAKULTA SPORTOVNÍCH STUDIÍ Ekonomické a právní aspekty vrcholové sportovní akce Diplomová práce Vedoucí diplomové práce: Vypracoval: prof. PhDr. Michal Charvát, CSc. Bc. Adam Blažek 128 410 MAN Brno 2012 Prohlášení Prohlašuji, ţe jsem tuto práci zpracoval samostatně pod vedením vedoucího diplomové práce a pouţil jsem jen literaturu a prameny uvedené ve zdrojích. Informace týkající se společnosti TK Plus s.r.o. jsou předmětem obchodního tajemství této společnosti a lze je publikovat jen se souhlasem této společnosti. V Brně dne 24. 4. 2012 Poděkování Děkuji vedoucímu diplomové práce prof. PhDr. Michalu Charvátovi, CSc. za cenné rady, konzultace, připomínky a kritiky při tvorbě diplomové práce. Dále bych rád poděkoval JUDr. Jiřímu Černoškovi, PhDr. Miroslavu Černoškovi a celému týmu společnosti TK PLUS, s.r.o. za veškeré poskytnuté informace, bez kterých by tato práce nemohla vzniknout. Abstrakt První část práce popisuje teoretické předpoklady organizačního a manaţerského zvládnutí sportovní akce. Dále tato část rozebírá obsah a formy marketingového plánu a úlohu manaţera při vytváření marketingového plánu. Teoretická část obsahuje rovněţ analýzu ekonomických a právních souvislostí vrcholových sportovních akcí. Ve druhé části (aplikační) jsou tyto poznatky aplikovány na konkrétním případu největšího lehkoatletického mítinku v České republice - mítinku Zlatá tretra. Druhá část (praktická) je aplikována na konkrétním příkladu sportovní akce - mezinárodním atletickém mítinku Zlatá tretra. Tato část je především zpracována metodou řízeného rozhovoru s předními manaţery společnost TK Plus s.r.o., odpovědnými za průběh této sportovní akce a analýzou interních dokumentů společnosti TK Plus s.r.o. Rozhovor je zaloţen na několika otázkách, které pokrývají celou problematiku organizace tohoto atletického mítinku. V závěru je provedeno určité zobecnění získaných výsledků a stanovení předpokladů pro úspěšné organizační zvládnutí sportovního podniku. Abstract First part of my work describes theoretical hypothesis of the organizational coping and management of a sport event. This part further deals with content and form of a marketing plan and the role of a manager by the creating of a marketing plan. The theoretical part contains an analysis of economic and legal context of top sporting events. In the second part (practical), these findings applied to the specific case of the largest athletic meeting in the Czech Republic - Golden Spike meeting. Second part (application) is applied to a particular sport event – international athletics meeting. Discussion is held with main managers of the TK Plus s.r.o. who are responsible for the course of this event and analysis of internal documents of TK Plus. The method of directed dialogue was used in this part. The discussion is based on some questions that cover all problems of the organization of this athletics meeting. Conclusion offers some generalization of the acquired results and assessment of the presumption for the organizational coping of a sport event. Obsah 1 Úvod ................................................................................................................................... 7 2 Cíl práce a metodika ........................................................................................................ 9 2.1 Cíl práce ....................................................................................................................... 9 2.2 Metodika ...................................................................................................................... 9 3 Teoretická část ................................................................................................................ 10 3.1 Management ............................................................................................................... 10 3.2 Sportovní management .............................................................................................. 12 3.3 Sportovní manaţer ..................................................................................................... 13 3.3.1 Funkce a činnosti sportovního manaţera ........................................................... 15 3.3.2 Strategický postup pro realizaci sportovní akce ................................................. 17 3.4 Marketing ................................................................................................................... 19 3.4.1 Marketingové plánování ..................................................................................... 20 3.4.2 Marketingová komunikace ................................................................................. 21 3.4.3 Marketingová strategie ....................................................................................... 22 3.5 Marketing ve sportu ................................................................................................... 22 3.6 Vztah marketingu a sponzorství ................................................................................. 24 3.7 Sponzoring ................................................................................................................. 26 3.8 Sport jako ekonomická kategorie............................................................................... 27 3.9 Sport jako právní kategorie ........................................................................................ 34 3.10 Právní aspekty sportu ............................................................................................. 39 3.10.1 Sport, sportovec v českém právním řádu ........................................................... 40 3.10.2 Zdanění sportovců .............................................................................................. 42 4 Aplikační část .................................................................................................................. 45 4.1 Cíle a metody ............................................................................................................. 45 4.2 Charakteristika hlavních aktérů mítinku Zlatá tretra ................................................. 46 4.2.1 IAAF ................................................................................................................... 46 4.2.2 TK Plus, s.r.o. ..................................................................................................... 49 4.2.3 Sponzoři – seznam společností a jejich charakteristika...................................... 53 4.2.4 Hlavní organizátoři mítinku Zlatá tretra 2012 .................................................... 60 4.3 Marketingové, manaţerské, ekonomické a právní souvislosti atletického mítinku Zlatá tretra. ........................................................................................................................... 61 4.3.1 Marketingové aspekty Zlaté tretry ...................................................................... 61 4.3.2 Manaţerské aspekty Zlaté tretry ......................................................................... 70 4.3.3 Ekonomické a finanční aspekty Zlaté tretry ....................................................... 72 4.3.4 Právní aspekty mítinku Zlatá tretra .................................................................... 73 5 Závěr a diskuze ............................................................................................................... 75 6 Použitá literatura ............................................................................................................ 77 1 Úvod Sport je mou velkou zálibou jiţ od raného dětství, proto jsem po úspěšném absolvování osmiletého gymnázia dlouze nepřemýšlel a takřka ihned se rozhodl pro studium na brněnské Fakultě sportovních studií. Po úspěšném absolvování bakalářského studia a pokračování v navazujícím magisterském studiu vyvstala otázka, na jaké téma zpracovat diplomovou práci. Jelikoţ mě velmi naplňovala tvorba mé bakalářské práce, ve které jsem se zabýval marketingovým plánování a řízením vrcholové akce - Czech Open, rozhodl jsem v diplomové práci analyzovat vrcholovou sportovní akci ještě většího formátu – mezinárodní lehkoatletický mítink Zlatá tretra, který se koná jiţ poněkolikáté v Ostravě. Mítinku se kaţdoročně účastní celá řada atletů světového formátu v čele s atletickou hvězdou, jamajským sprinterem Usainem Boltem, který se letošního ročníků zúčastní jiţ pošesté. Usain Bolt však není jediný sportovec z řady TOP atletů, kteří se na Zlaté tretře pravidelně objevují. Pořadatelé mítinku Zlatá tretra kaţdoročně oznamují účast atletů zvučných jmen, mezi které patří například světový rekordman v běhu na 110 metrů překáţek Dayron Robles, populární tělesně postiţený atlet Oscar Pistorius, který si 25. května 2012 zopakuje loňské vystoupení v běhu na 400 metrů, Renaud Lavillenie, čerstvý halový mistr světa ve skoku o tyči z Istanbulu. K hvězdám atletického mítinku Zlatá tretra Ostrava přibyl letos i David Rudisha. Keňský světový rekordman a úřadující mistr světa poběţí 25. května ve Vítkovicích závod na 800 metrů. Pořádání lehkoatletického mítinku Zlatá tretra je svěřeno společnosti TK Plus s.r.o., která je jednou z největších marketingových agentur zabývající se sportovním marketingem. Společnost sídlí v Prostějově a za dobu své existence uspořádala řadu významných sportovních akcí. Například mezinárodní mistrovství České republiky v tenise – Czech Open, Fed Cup, Davis Cup, World Junior Tennis Final, mistrovství světa v nohejbalu, produkování exhibičních a utkání JÁGR Teamu, Basketbalista roku
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