James P. Cannon’s M em orial Address “ Trotskyism Lives" T H E MILITANT - SEE PACE 3 - Official Weekly Organ of the Socialist Workers Party

VOL. V— No. 35 NEW YORK, N. Y. SATURDAY, AUGUST 30, 1941 FIVE (5) CENTS

WORKERS ARM TO SAVE LENINGRAD(y Leningrad in Danger... Kearny Plant All Fight to Defend USSR Masses Inspired Taken Over Revolutionary By the Navy By Memories O f

Policy Can No Assurance Given October 1917 That Union Demands Kremlin Finally Compelled To Make Appeal Bring Victory W ill Be Granted To Traditions Of The October Revolution KEARNY. New Jersey, August AN EDITORIAL 25 — The Navy Department to­ As Workers Rally For Defense To The Death Leningrad is in danger. The imperialist wolf-pack is closing day completed preparations to ------<•> In the hour of gravest danger in upon the city. Workers, understand what this means! take over and operate the Fed­ to Leningrad, birth-place of the eral Shipbuilding and Drydock October Revolution, its more Leningrad is the second largest city and industrial district Company yard here, which has Demurrers To than 2,000,000 proletarian in­ in the Soviet Union. Leningrad is the hearth of the October been closed since August 7 by a habitants are mobilizing arms Revolution. The most glorious traditions of revolutionary strug­ strike of 16,000 workers affiliated in hand to defend their city to gle cluster around this proletarian center. Here Lenin’s Bol­ with the Industrial Union ot Be Filed In the death against the approach­ shevik Party grew strong; here ’T rotsky led the insurrection and Marine Shipbuilding Workers ing armies of Nazi imperialism. the Russian Revolution of 1917 began; here the first victorious (CIO). President Roosevelt last A tremendous revolutionary re­ Saturday issued the order to take banner of the Socialist revolution was unfurled. St. Paul Suit surgence is sweeping the masses. over the plant. Leningrad today is witness to Despite the degeneration of the workers’ state under the On or before Saturday, August The union has voted to termi­ scenes having their only parallel Stalinist regime, these glorious traditions inspire the working 30, the legal staffs of both the nate the strike. Plant operations in the heroic days of the civil class of Leningrad. Once again, as in 1905 and 1917, the Lenin­ are expected to be resumed by to­ Socialist Workers Party and the Local 544-CIO defendants will file war, when, in October 1919, Yu- grad workers are rising and arming themselves to cope with morrow. Armed workers and peasants of the Soviet Union, like these shown in this radio-photo from demurrers to the indictment ob­ denich’s army was crushed by the their class enemy. The outward signs of proletarian resistance While union officials expressed Moscow, have formed numerous guerrilla detachments which are harassing and slowing up the tained against the defendants by aroused might of the armed Len-. the belief .that the government Nazi armies, cutting lines of communications, etc., and creating increasing difficulties for the are visible in its streets. Barricades are going up. The factory the Roosevelt administration. ingrad proletariat. workers who constituted the Red Guard of Lenin’s day are would grant them the “mainten­ Nazis behind their own lines. ance of membership’’ clause, The demurrers consist of ap­ The city, according to all re­ practising armed drill. As during the Paris Commune and the proximately 20 objections to the which was the main issue of the ports, is turned into a huge work­ 1917 revolution, working class women and youth are by their indictment. Challenging the legal strike. Navy officials assigned to ers’ training camp. On the left side. The veteran combatants of 1917 are coming forward to manage the plant have given no validity of the indictment, some bank of the Neva, on ground hal­ of the points attack the consti­ teach the younger generation how to fight. assurance that ibis would be the Tobin’s Terrorism Hit lowed by the blood of revolution­ tutionality of the Smith Act, while ary fighters of the civil war, tens This mass rising of the Leningrad working class is the case. others contend that the indict­ of thousands of men and boys are supreme manifestation to date of the resurgence of the revolu­ Admiral H. G. Bowen, technical ment is too vague and uncertain, being drilled by veteran barricadt tionary spirit of 1905 and 1917. The proletarian power that aide to Navy Secretary Knox, de­ By Minneapolis Drivers giving the defendants no definite fighters in the use of the baiy- created the USSR now springs forth to save it form destruction. clared on this point: . “I was sent here tQ operate the idea as to the nature of the al­ onet and hand grenades, and in The proletarian revolution within the Soviet Union ex­ the tactics of street and house- plant under the terms of the Pres­ M IN N E A P O L IS , August 26-*—The Tobin-employers-gov- prepared to continue the parade leged crime. to-hodse fighting. ..." hibits irrepressible vitality. After all the injuries inflicted ,by ident’s executive order. I have no emment attempt to smash LocaJ'544-ClO motor transport work­ of CIO witnesses before the hear­ The date of hearing on the le­ Metal and shipyard workers, in­ Stalin’s regime upon the revolutionary proletariat, its living further instructions since the ori­ ers union, met with further reverses this week as the C IO union ings indefinitely. gal questions involved will be set cluding participants of the assault forces well up in a mighty stream. Stalin, who disarmed the ginal order from the Secretary of hammered away on its demand for democratic industry­ “We'll keep Blair sitting there later on. If the judge sustains on the Czar’s Winter Palace in workers years ago, is now compelled to rearm them. The Stal­ the Navy. wide elections to determine the choice of bargaining agency for and hearing the testimony of the the demurrers (and this is not ex­ pected), the defendants are dis­ Leningrad in 1917, are practicing inist bureaucracy lakes this step with misgivings, at the most “My instructions at that time (he truck drivers of this city. Minneapolis drivers, warehouse­ charged with the government hav­ sham battles on the Neva’s right critical hour of its existence, in order to save its own skin. But were to take possession of the A parade of C IO witnesses has appeared in the past two men, platform men and inside in g the right to appeal or obtain bank. that does not lessen the objective significance of the act. plant and operate it under the days before the hearings being held by state labor conciliator workers until everybody in Min­ a new indictment. I f the judge schedule of hours and wages Blair on Tobin’s AFL-“544” ’s petition for certification as the neapolis, by simply counting noses, THE WHOLE WORKING The arming of the people gives testimony that the workers' overrules the demurrers, then he which were in effect before the exclusive bargaining agent for all the local drivers. The CIO will see for themselves that the CLASS PREPARES state endures. Leningrad is not, like Paris and Brussels, ruled sets a date for trial. strike, with such changes as had witnesses — drivers from a num­ CIO represents vhe workers in the No hand is idle. Tens of thou­ by a powerful capitalist clique which could oppose the arming been agreed to by the labor un­ ber of different firms — gave tes­ a democratic election. industry, and Blair will then have sands of workers, old men, women of the people and their fight to the death against the fascists. ions and the management. Some timony to the terroristic tactics The claims of Tobin’s agents to agree to an election,” said polis employers are invalid, be­ and children, are toiling with The workers have no selfish private property interests to protect questions remain to be settled, of Tobin’s hoodlum “organizers” were knocked out completely Dunne. cause they were signed while a heroic energy, night and day, at the expense of others. The readiness of the Leningrad workers such as reclassification of work­ in compelling them to remove CIO Monday night when over 1200 Last Monday Local 544-CIO at­ CIO petition for an election was erecting barricades in every to offer up their lives to save their city demonstrates that they ers. That will require some buttons and sign applications for drivers, packed the 544-CIO head­ torneys filed charges of unfair la­ pending, in violation of the labor street, making every ditch ant know they are defending, not the privileges of Stalinist bureau­ study.” the AFL outfit. quarters at the regular member­ bor practices with the National relations code. wall a fortress. crats, but the nationalized property and other remaining con­ Roosevelt, prior to the issuance A score of drivers appeared at ship meeting, in the largest turn­ Labor Relations Board against 43 Conciliator Blair held the first Throughout the city, throngs of of the seizure order, had at­ transfer concerns and four cold quests of the revolution. the hearings Monday to give dam­ out since the union disaffiliated conciliation meetings Monday on workers parade the streets and tempted to put pressure on the storage houses. Similar charges strike notices filed by 544-CIO squares, organizing new fighter The Stalinist regime fears the people in arms as the fore­ aging testimony against the claim from the AFL Teamsters and strikers to accept the company’s joined the CIO. At the last re­ had been filed previously against against four cold storage and ten detachments. In tremendous mass runner of new revolutionary struggles. But even more do they terms and go back to work. He of Tobin that his union represents 17 wholesale grocery firms. ported AFL-“544” meeting there concrete block manufacturing meetings the workers are shout­ fear the loss of Leningrad and further victories for the fascists, addressed a letter to the union the Minneapolis drivers. Hundreds The CIO union has charged that firms. The reactionary labor laws ing forth their defiance of the was an attendance of only 56. which would endanger their rule from within and from without. last week declaring that: "The of other witnesses have offered contracts which the representa­ of Governor Stassen contain a 30- imperialist enemy and calling for Under these compelling circumstances they have been obliged importance to the national de­ to testify on behalf of 544-CIO V. R. Dunne, 544 organizer, told tives of AFL-“544” claim to have day no-strike clause compelling a defense in the spirit of the Oc­ to approve the arming of the masses. But they did not permit fense of the production of ships and the desire of the drivers for the membership that the local was signed with a number of Minnea- unions to give 30 days notice. tober Revolution. the people to lake arms until the danger was poised at their in your plant is so much greater From every factory and shoiv heart. Until yesterday the Stalinist leaders took cover behind than the point of difference be­ picked units of workers are leav­ tween you and your employers empty optimistic assurances that everything was going splend­ ing for the front lines, joining the that I am asking you both* to re­ regular troops to help hold the idly at the various fronts. Now suddenly they sound the alarm turn to work at once.” 1500 Strikers Picket Gimbel’s battle lines or filtering through and call upon the workers to save them from the consequences The strike was provoked by the ------to------to the enemy’s rear to aid the of their own ruinous policies. company when it refused to ac­ In the largest department store strike in the history of New len feet. (CIO) raised these demands ten guerrilla detachments. The Stalinist leaders still refuse to release the staunchest cept a recommendation of the Na­ York'City, 1500 employees of Gimbel Brothers continue for the The fine morale of these weeks ago when their old three- From the surrounding country­ and truest defenders of'the Soviet Union. Lodged in Leningrad’s tional Defense Mediation Board to second week to maintain their firm and colorful picket-lines. strikers, going through the ex­ year contract expired. But for side, peasant women, armed with prisons are experienced revolutionists, military leaders and include a clause in the union con­ Undaunted by slanderous press reports, the strikers amplify perience for the first time, is weeks the company stalled the every type of weapon, are pour­ tract which would require workers party organizers, who helped save Leningrad when it was last from day-to-day their humor-tinged barrage of strike-publicity, something to remark about, as workers along. ing into the city, while their men­ who are members of or who join attacked by Yudcnich in 1919. Foremost among them are the and are steadily winning New®------; is the solidarity demonstrated At that juncture the Gim- folk remain behind to hold up the union to continue in good York public opinion to their side. Dog’s Life at Gimbel’s, Too,” by the workers of such union­ bel’s workers threw a protest and harry the Nazi forces. Trotskyists. Their presence would strengthen the ranks of the standing in the union or forfeit In addition to . picketing all while the pickets themselves carry ized stores as Bloomingdale’s, picket line about the store, workers' army as the presence of Trotsky rallied the Petrograd their jobs. STALINISTS HELD MASSES doors of Gimbel's store with signs with mournful and woe-be- Stern’s, and Hearn’s, who swell while inside the store the sales­ population to repulse the interventionists over 20 years ago. The union ha« returned to work BACK TO THE LAST MINUTE squads of seven, they have made gone dogs painted on them. the picket line during their off- girls suddenly suffered an But no matter how the Soviet defenses suffer thereby, Stalin with no guarantees that it will Up to the last moment, the an especially dramatic weapon of Other pickets dressed as coolies hours. Workers from Macy’s epidemic of fainting fits. Man­ fears to liberate revolutionary vanguard who would kindle now get this demand. Kremlin had held back the mobil­ mass picketing. carry signs painted in simulated warehouse join with the Gim­ agers were kept busy fetching ization of the'workers. Up to the rather than quench the revolutionary ardor of the proletariat Assembling at the beginning Chinese characters, proclaiming, bel strikers in, all-night vigils water to revive the poor over­ last moment, Stalin suppressed and thereby pave the way for H itler’s defeat. and end of the business day and "Gimbel Workers Demand an at the Gimbel warehouse in worked girls. Hundreds of the the traditions of the October Re­ The Stalinist propaganda machine strives to conceal the j: 7500 Sign For during the lunch hour all along American Standard of Living.” Queens, appealing to truck girls were seized at the same volution, appealing instead to the both sides of the giant store, the A horse-drawn handsom cab. drivers not to haul merchandise time with an irresistible need real character of this mass uprising. The people of Leningrad, Cannon As Mayor ¡: traditions of the Napoleonic era the Stalinists say, are fighting for “democracy against fascism.” strikers circulate in a long line carrying two fashionably dressed in and out of the warehouse. to seek -out the ladies’ room, ¡! The New York City cam-!; and the Russian defeat of the Teu­ up and down on the side-walk, couples, gallops up and past Gim- Picketing contingents in motor­ though customers clamored to In reality, the workers are waging a class war against their class tonic Knlght3 in the 12th Cen­ ¡¡paign to place James P. Can-;I chanting slogans that bring sym­ bel’s during the time of mass enemy, continuing the armed struggle against the capitalist im­ cades have been dispatched to be served. tury. !; non on the ballot- as Trotskyist |; pathetic smiles to the faces of on­ picketing, with placards reading, other stores owned by Gimbel’s perialists which ended with victory in 1921. The store then tried to deal sep­ Today, however, a Voroshilov is I! Anti-W ar candidate for May-1; lookers. "Not of the 400, But of the 1500 in Philadelphia, Milwaukee and By suppressing the class character of the struggle, Stalinism arately with the warehousemen, in compelled to proclaim to the work­ ¡ or, reached its halfway point'! The particular target of their Striking Gimbel Employees.” and elsewhere. Two other New York an attempt to divide the workers. ers of Leningrad: deprives the Soviet people and the Red Army of their most I; this week with a total of 7,500 ¡; gibes seems to be the multi­ "Horse and Buggy Days Are Gone' stores owned by Gimbel’s, Saks- It did not succeed, and the “Dig yourselves in. Leningrad valuable weapon. H itler’s legions can be disintegrated and the ¡¡signatures collected. This is!; millionaire, “Freddie” Gimbel, Forever. Gimbel Workers Demand Fifth Avenue and Saks-34th workers voted to strike — a deci­ was and is and shall forever re­ German workers and peasants aroused against him only through ;! the legal minimum required b y! who stands at a window' high a U ving Wage.” Street, are also being picketed. sion of great importance to other main the city of the great October a program of international proletarian solidarity and class ; law to nominate a candidate. ¡; above the street and looks UNION SOLIDARITY A number of New York’s de­ department-store employees whose Revolution.” !; Cannon is the only candidate 1; fraternization. down mournfully. Other novel slogans on pickets’ partment stores are already contracts expire shortly — notably ;! with a long and consistent;! The masses of Leningrad are The masses of the USSR lack the necessary class organs The strikers, fighting for a placards read. “The Worms Crawl unionized— among them Wana- the largest store of all, Macy’s. ¡ anti-war record behind him.;! demonstrating that that is the ap­ through which to exercise their creative energies and mobilize 5c an hour blanket increase; In, The Worms Crawl Out,” di­ maker’s, Namm’s, Blooming- These workers are watching the peal for which they have been ¡¡The workers, looking for an!; their maximum forces. The Soviets, the trade-unions. Lenin’s and for a forty-hour, five day rected against the wealthy snobs dale’s, Stern’s and Hearn’s— Gimbel strike closely. waiting. Once again, as in the ;! answer to the war. are rally-!! Bolshevik Party, the Young Communist League— all these in­ week, turn out. tirelessly, rain who occasionally cross the picket and their employees enjoy the The Gimbel management has days of Lenin and Trotsky, they ;;ing in increasing numbers to;; or shine, and gleefully taunt line; “Guess what? I ’m a working 40-hour, five-day week and the tripled its advertising budget in are surging forward, ready to die dispensable class agencies have been destroyed by the Stalinist 1: the support of the Socialist;; him. “Oh, FRED-die! You girl! I was a SCAB today at Gim- higher wage scale for which an attempt to offset its tremend­ in defense of the conquests of the regime which does not dare to restore them. ;! Workers Party in this cam-!; can’t take it. with you!” they bel’s,” showing a hefty dowager Gimbel’s workers are striking. ous loss of business. The news­ October Revolution. These institutions must be reborn and resume their com­ ¡¡paign. ;! sing out. And for variation, glowingly reporting to her pot­ A t Gimbel’s the 45-hour, 5 Vi papers, which have profited for Trotsky predicted that in the manding place in Soviet life. The arming of the people is the !; Four weeks remain for the!; “Freddie, Freddie, don’t be bellied tycoon husband; and "Oh, day week is maintained, with years from Gimbel’s big ads, are hour of mortal peril a wave or first step in this direction. The class in arms possesses power to ¡ drive and the New York local!; naughty! Give your workers yeah? Well your feet would be most wages as low as $16 per attacking the strikers viciously. Soviet patriotism would sweep the ¡¡has pledged itself to a grand;! demand and to win the restoration of its political rights and its Five-and-Forty 1” like this too if you stood on ’em week. But none of this is helping Gim* •Soviet masses, inspiring them to ¡¡total of 15,000 signatures. !; democratic institutions. The Soviet proletariat is in a position They parade with dogs who all day like we do in Gimbel’s”— The United Department Store bel’s against the solid front of renewed revolutionary struggle. (Continued on page 6, editorial column) wear small signs saying, “I t ’s a showing a pair of large, red, swol­ Employees of Greater New York the strikers. That prediction has come true. THE M ILITAN T AUGUST 30. I94Î Workers Pay Tribute Mass Picketing A t Gimbel's War Chest A t To Trotsky’s Memory 90% As Drive Memorial Meetings Throughout Country Iff A ll Large Giflés Show Reaches End Teachings of Trotsky Inspire Advanced Workers To Go Forward movement but lie did hot accom-1 By JAMES P. CANNON New York piteli (be task of silencing the Boston National Secretary, Socialist Workers Party voice and ideas of Trotsky. The The campaign for our Party W ar Chest of S I0,000 ended NEW YORK, August 22 — Sev­ BOSTON, August 22 — The Bos­ SWP lias in the past year been Citi the deadline, Aiigu’st 21. thè aniiivèràary of the assassination eral hundred members arid sym­ ton Branch of '.he Sociatisf Work­ guided in all its work by the firm of Troisky, Willi a total of $ 9 0 1 7 . collected. !Vfo$t of the pathizers of the Socialist Workers ers Party observed thè anniver­ principles ahd rèvolùtiotiàry teach-' branchés madè or exceeded their qiiotris. First place Went to the Party here paid tribute tonight sary of the death of Leciti Trotsky ihgs of our great teacher.” hew Buffalo branch with a score of 167%. Eresrio broùght up the to the memory of Leon Trotsky, VvitU a. mémorial meeting hevè to­ By unanimous vote the meeting fear with 33%. in one of the most stirring meet­ day. sent a telegram ol’ greet ing to Na­ ¡Minneapolis had Hard sledding for quite well known ings in the history of our prfrty. Comf-ade Antoinette KonikoW, talia Trotsky. réasofis; they have a battle oh their hands. New York and San James P. Cannon, SYVP Na­ comrade and friend of Trotsky, Francisco are tied at 83%. The inability of these three branches, tional Secretary and Trotskyist- spoke on bis life and her recol­ which had heavy quotas, to reach the goal, accounts for the 90% Anti-War candidate for mayor of Minneapolis lections of her visit to him in New York, roused the meeting windup of the campaign instead of the 100% or better which is MINNEAPOLIS, August 21— Mexico before Ills assassination. with a powerful addresk on the more or less the rule oh all Tfotskyist undertakings. Fari-èli Dòbbs, National Labor Comrade G. Chai-tés, of New meaning of Trotskyism and its York, spoke on the subject, “Trot­ Secretary of thè Socialist Work­ challenge to world capitalist reac­ skyism Lives.” He showed that ers Party, was the speaker hère Contributions This Week tion. the ideas and program of Trotsky at tonight’s Trotsky Memorial The speaker, one of the 29 de­ live today and cannot be destroy­ Los Angèles ...... $159.00 Meeting, attended by about 100 fendants in Roosevelt’s “seditious ed. He reported the steady prog­ NeW Ytrf-k City ...... 181.0Ó people. conspiracy” frameup against the ress madè by the Socialist Work­ Seattle ...... 10.00 Comhade Dobbs, one of thè 29 SWP rind Local 544-CIO, analysed ers Party in the year since Trot: Milwatìkeé ...... 9.00 indicted by thè" fédéral govèrn- the reasons for this attack on ou'r sky’s death.. Part of the mass picket line of 1500 Girtlbel Workers, On strike for a 40-hour 5-day week and NeW Havèn ...... 5.00 mèrìt ih thè “seditious conspir­ party ahd defied the imperialist The meeting cabled a pledge of a five-cent an hour increase. Prese’rit hours are 4 5 p it week, with coolie wages of X16 per week. Miriheap’ùîis ...... ^ .. 4.60 acy” case against Local 544-CIO war-mongers to silence the voice revolutionary solidarity to Nata­ Rochester ...... 1.00 and the Socialist Workers Party, of the Trotskyist anti-war fighters. lia Trotsky in Mexico. visited Trotsky in June, 1940, The full text of the Trotsky TOTALS ...... $319.60 Memorial Meeting address of shortly before his death. James P. Cannon appears on Dorothy Schultz, also one of Chicago CP-Hillmanite Clash Page 3. the 29 indicted, Was chairman of the meeting. CHICAGO, August 22 — The So­ The meeting opened with e cialist Workers Party Of Chicago The Workers Chorus of the $10,000 W ar Chest beautiful violin solo by Betty Cas­ commèrriô'rritèd the death of out Faces UE Convention Twin Cities sang the “Workers sidy, accompanied on the piano comrade and teacher, Leori Trot­ Memorial Hymn,” “Solidarity by Gordon Jones. The entire as sky, at a meeting here tonight Forever,” and “The Red Flag.” sembly then rose and sang the With Grace Carlson, one iff the Unprincipled Fight For Union (Control is SCOREBOARD A t the conclusion of the meet­ Workers’ Memorial Hymn, the 29 défendants of the Federal gov­ ing, the telegram published below song sung in the days of tire Oc­ ernment’s prosecution of the So­ Ortly Issue between Both Pfo-Wcf f Groups Branch Quota Amt. Pd. % was sent to the widow of Com­ tober Revolution to honor the cialist Workers Party and Local BUFFALO ...... $ 60.00 $ 160.00 167 rade Trotsky. The Seventh Annual Convention 6f the United Electrical,® martyrs of the workers’ struggles 544, as Speaker. READING ...... 25.00 38.36 153 Large banners flanked the meet Radio and Machine Workers of America (CIO), starting Labor wish to tie the union to the boss­ Comrade Carlson was Warmly SEATTLE ...... 25.00 36.00 144 ing hall, proclaiming “Defend the Day at Camden, New Jersey, will bring to a climax rin un­ es’ war machine, stifle its mili­ received by an audience of about CLEVELAND . . 150.00 186.50 124 Soviet Union,” Trotsky’s final ex Newark principled fight between the Stalinists ahd the Uiflmahites for tancy and make it an appendage 100 people Whb solidarized them­ BALTIM O RE ...... 10.00 12.00 120 liortation to the Fourth Interna NEWARK, Angust 22 — W il­ control of the union. of the government agencies like selves With the 20 defendants and AKRON ...... 50.00 60.00 120 tionalists: “Go Forward!”, and liam F. Warde, editor of the This convention is important because it \Vill clearly snow the Mediation Board. the teachings of Leon Trotsky. BOSTON ...... 35Ô.00 403.75 115 “Defend the 2!) Indicted Trotsky­ FOURTH INTERNATIONAL, the effect of the pro-war change of line of ihe Stalinists on their A progressive program would LÖS ANGELES ...... 500.00 545.50 109 ists and Trade Unionists." Indi gave an inspiring speech here to­ A1 Garber, chairman of the trade-union policies. The Stalinists are a powerful force in the oppose all collàboTation with the s t . E a u L ...... 300.00 325.80 108 vidual placards commemorated night on Leon Trotsky’s struggles Civil Rights Defense Committee U E R M W , one of the fastest growing C IO unions and they will government agencies alnd demrind a l l e n TO w n ...... 25.00 27.00 108 each of the co-workers of Trotsky against war and fascism at the of Chicago, made an appeal for be contending for control withi>-— , . — — — — —------r that no union officials serve on cord. They plead f tit “unity” and YOUNGSTOWN ...... Í5Ó.00 160.00 107 who fell victims of Stalin’s mur Trotsky Mémorial Meetihg of the funds for the 29 defendants and the Hillmanite group of James B*. the govern1)ent-èmptloyer boards. seek only to keep their union Q’UAKERTOWN ...... 25.00 26.00 104 derous attacks during Trotsky's Newark Branch of the Socialist the audience responded to the ap­ Carey, present UERM W presi­ It would reaffirm the right of posts. F L IN T ...... 200.00 207.00 103 life. Workers Party. peal of Mr. Garber with a goodly dent. the Workers tb strike. It Wbtild sum of $53. Rò'osèvelt’s anti-labor pro-war CHICAGO ...... 1200.00 1238.12 103 The speaker traced the history During the People’s Front answer the problem of priorities drive, supported both by the Stal­ ROCHESTER ...... 50.00 51.00 102 of the persecutions of Trotsky and Clarence Hoffman, bass baritone period prior to the Stalin-Hitfer unemployment with the demand inists and Carey, has created ser­ NEW H A V E N ...... 50 51.00 102 of Chicago, sang the Workers Me­ pact, Carey and the Stalinists for expropriation of the war in­ Los Angeles the Trotskyists, from the Old ious problems for the U E mem­ San Diego ...... morial Hymn in commemoration worked together in suppressing . . 100.00 100.00 100 LOS ANGELES, August 24 — Man’s first imprisonment by the bers. Priorities unemployment dustries and their operation un­ of Comrade Trotsky and for all rank-and-file militancy. A fter the Portland ...... 30.OÖ 30.00 100 Members and sympathizers of the Russian Czar to the present in­ alone is threatening thbusands of der the control of the Workers. revolutionary martyrs who have signing of the pact, the Stalinists, St. Louis ...... 25.Ò0 25.00 100 Socialist Workers Party here, dictment of SWP members by jobs of UE workers in the re­ died on the..battlefield of. the class with their isolationist policies, New thousands of workers in Toledo ...... id. 00 10.00 100 met today yi Memorial Meeting Roosevelt. frigeration products, radio and struggle. came into1 conflièt with Carey’s the expanding war industries are Detroit ...... 50Ó.9O 100 to salute the memory of Leoti' efèctriéal equipment t i e 1 d s. ripe for organization into1 the Louisiana ...... 1->.n-T 25’.Ótì 25.00 The following telè'gram was pro-war sentiments. ioV Trotsky. Neither Carey rror the Stalinists UE. Only a genuinely militant Newark ...... 5O0.OO 500.25 100 Charles Cornell, former secre Akron sent to Natalia Trotsky: Crirèÿ precipitated an open hrivè a real program to meet this program and a union free of gov­ Philadelphia ...... 125.90 125.00 100 tary to Trotsky, spoke on the Old AKRON, Ohio, August 24 — A “On this first annive'rspty of bïèàk With thé StalirilstS by pub­ problem, arid rank-and-file discon­ ernment domination can success­ Pittsburgh ...... 40.00 40.00 100 Man’s life and his ideas. Art Trotsky Memorial Meeting was the death of our great leader and licly sanctioning a motion, passed tent bn this score is bound to be fully organize these workers in Milwaukee ...... 55.00 55.00 100 Sharron, member of the SWP, held here today under the auspices comrade, Leon Trotsky, we réde- by a local, which called for bar­ expressed at this convention. the face of the anti-labor policies San Francisco Bay Area 1100.00 908.83 83 spoke on the Soviet-Nazi war and of the Akron branch of the So­ dicate ourselves to the struggle ring of communists from holding Both thè Stalinists and Carey of the war administration. New York City ...... 2500.00 2066.08 83 its implications for the American cialist Workers Party. Rublier for the great principles,for which office in the unibn. The Stalinist- South Chicago ...... 125.00 95.00 76 workers. Jack Wilson, member ol workers, truck drivers and other he lived and died. We are confi­ dominated General Executive Texas ...... 20.00 itf.otf 50 the Workers Party, also spbke workers of tin's Industrial Pity at­ dent as he was in the victory of Board answered Carey by ruling Minneapolis ...... 1200.00 5$fc.56 45 briefly. tended the meeting to honor Hie the world working class.” such motions unconstitutional. Fresno ...... 30.00 10.00 33 A telegram cf greetings was sent memory of the founder of the The Carey forces have been MEMBERS-ÄT-LARGE 475.00 511.30 108 by the meeting to Natalia Trot­ Fourth International. pushing anti-communist motions sky. The principal speaker Was Com­ Youngstown in the locals in preparation for TOTALS ...... $10,000.00 $0017.90 rade McLean of Youngstown. A YOUNGSTOWN, Ohio, August the convention, where they will 90% recording of Trotsky’s famous 22 — Militant workers of this seek to shove through a consti­ Philadelphia speech delivered by wire in 1938 steel town tonight paid tribute to tutional anfrendment barring com­ Union who are also on strike at other union brothers. They told the Federal Shipyard iri Kearny. PHILADELPHIA, August 24 — to the New York mass meeting the memory of Lèori Trotsky at munists from union office. how to fight and to stick together We told them we needed some to get better working conditions Revolutionary workers of this city on the founding of the Fourth In ­ the Trotsky Memorial Meeting The Stalinists and Carey caritè help. and a better life. met here last night at the Trotsky ternational Was a feature of the held by the Youngstown Brririeh Write to us—tell us whafs going on in your part of the into further conflict, before the Iri a little While sèvéral car­ Memorial Meeting of the local meeting. of the Socialist Workers Party. lab or movement— what are the workers thinking about t— tell I think it was great that we recent Stalinist turn, over Carey’s loads of shipyard workers eà‘mè branch of the Socialist Workers Comrade Wilsort of Cleveland iti what the bosses are up to— ahd the G-men and the local cops— could get help from other unions. acceptance of a post oh the em­ down to our picket line. \Ye ail Party to honor the memory ol spoke on the revolutionary life and the Stdlinisis— Séhd its ijidt stòry the capitalist press didn’t ployer-dominated National De­ Wèrè glad to' see them there, (he I think that all (he unions ought the great Bolshevik leader murd­ Reading and Work of Trotsky, statirtg: p rin t and that Story they buried or distorted— our pages are open fense Mediation Board. When girls cheered When thè'y ¿hoWèd to get together to help' their un­ ered a year ago by Stalin. R e a d in g , Pa., August 24 — “We shall carry bn the fight led to you. Letters must carry name and address, but indicate if you Carey attempted to slip a phoney up. Most of the cop’s moVed over ion brothers and sisters on the John G. Wright, translator of The Reading Locati of the Social­ and organized by onr great teach­ do not want your Hànté printed. NDMB agreement over oh the to the other side of the street picket line. ist Workers Party held an inspir­ er, Trotsky, who taught us how Trotsky’s works and outstanding Phelps-Dodge strikers at Bayway, when these men started to march A CIGAR WORKER authority on the Soviet Union, ing meeting tliféc afternoon in' to fight and who organized the New Jersey, the Stalinists at­ ing tip on the sidewalks. We in our picket line. Everybody had commemoration of the life and Fourth International—the iristru- Kearny Shipyard Strikers Was the principal speaker. He’ tacked him as a. bosses’ stobge could"} have stopped most of the a rieW spirit and wè shouted to told of Trotsky’s contributions to work of Leon Trotsky. riient that will lead, the masses of Help Nèitotirk Cigitr and demanded his rè'àignatiòn workers from going into the piarit the scabs to come down. Either John G. Wright, translator of the world in their struggle for In NEWARK, N. J. the world labor movement and from the NDMB. Today, with Workers but the cops took the scabs by the the bosses got scared or the scab’s Trotsky’s writings, described Trot­ emancipation.” particularly of His great role in their pro-war line, the Stalinists arm arid hustled them through to’ when they saw that now we meant Bttÿ thé sky’s monumental contributions to correctly analyzing the nature of The gathering sent a telegram will not raise this vital issue at E D rtO R : the dbor. About 150 scabs gbt business and We corild fight back the world working Clrfss and the the Soviet Union, its development, tb Natalia Trotsky pledging anew the convention. I Want tb tell you about^some through ou{, of 1200 workers. The if we had to. About 12 o’clóck M l LiTACtT and in pointing the way toward imperishable ideas Which he be­ the devotion of the revolutionary of the things that happened iri at In reality, the Stalinists and cops were very mean, théy slap­ all tiie scabs came out of the the best defense of the first work queathed the revolutionary work­ Youngstown workers to the cause our strike at the I. Lewis Cigàr the Careyites are now in essential ped and pushed the pickets plant. Cohen's ers’ state. ers to guide them fo'Ward th'e goal for which Trotsky (oright and factory iri Newark, N. J., where .agreement on all basic issues. around. They picked on the girls We sang and marched on the of world socialism. died. about 1000 of the 120Ò' people are Confectionary, Nevertheless, Carey fears the and the women more. picket line until about 6 o’clock, ■ ■■ t .....1 - r r — ...... SB aaaaaa v u v” girls. 11 SPRi NGRÍELÍ) à V ê Detroit Stalinists as rivals for posts and One of the girls told a mounted then most of us went home but control, and he is using the un- \ We have been trying to organ­ cop that he was only a servant first we left ari all night picket near Court Hòosé. DETROIT, August 24 — The Memorial Telegrams Sent popularity of the Stalinists in the ize for a long time into Local 302- of the public and he pulled her guard to watch the piarit to see iiW M VW .W .-A-A*Áw í Detroit branch of the Socialise shops, due to their cynical flip- C1Ó Union. It has been pretty out of line and slapped her face. that, no scabs could Come iri. Workers Party and its sympa To Natalia Sedov Trotsky bad in the plant. Some of the flops, to drive them out of posi­ Another girl tried to stop a scab Saturday morniitig we had a big thizers gathered here last nigh! workers getting as little as $12 a tions of influence and to con­ frorii going through the picket line, picket line arid the shipyard Work­ Iff AKRON, O. to commemorate the first anniver from New York: week or 30c an hour. The place solidate his own personal control. a mounted cop pushed his horse ers were in the line to help us sary of the death of Leon Trotsky. The Mèirttfiiàl Meètitig held in New Ybik tb hbn'bf the rtténo'ry the M IL IT A N T may is dii'iy, full of rats and roaches. against the picket line so our girl again. There was no trouble from' A very attentive and interested of Leon Trotsky, genius of the proletarian revbfUtibri, extends its The rank-and-file Urribrt mili­ be ob’tairted a t: The girls don’t even want to use Slapped the horse’s nose to get the cops or the scabs this timè. audience listened to comrade Ste comradely solidarity tb yoU. We shall strive tri stànd sh'oùldéf to tants recbgnize. hòwèvèr, that the the toilets. The bosses and the him away from her. The cop The cops acted a lot differerit with NEWS EXCHANGE, vens from Chicago as lie reviewed shoulder With yo'ti ih thè fight to realize our Old Man’s exhortation attempt to bar Stalinists is aimed foremen always tried to scare us cursed her, leaned over and hit (he shipyard workers there. 5i S. Main St. to go forward. FbrWard tó the world socialist society. in the long run agairrst the gen­ the life and work of Comrade away from joiiiing a real union. her on top of the head with a uine militants and anti-Wa’r élé­ After 12 o’clock we lrad a meet­ PORTAGE CIGARS, Trotsky. They Would conic around and ask blackjack. She was knocked dbWn From Minneapolis: ments in thè Union. ing of all the workers iri a hall. cor. Howard & “Were Trotsky alive now,” Ste­ us if we had joined the CIO uri- and Iky in the street un'cbnsfcious West Market One hundred comrades and friends, gathered tonight in ritéìnor- The President of the Shipyard vens said, "he would offer his In several local uriìòns whete ion. The cops wbrildn’t let tis get near ial meeting for Comrade Trotsky, send you our greetings. On this Workers Union spòkè to' ii§ rind services and his military genius the members have had the chante Finally the workers in different her but let her lay there. Ftnally to the Red Army, and the mem­ first anniversary of the death of bur comrade and teácher wé aré to express themselves, they have departments signed cards for the one of our boys got to her and ories of the heroic years of the more certain than ever that his immortal prò'gram, his Inspiring rejected ovòrwhelrningly Carey’s union arid we sent a committee to tried to help her. Then the cops October Revolution would again example, will lead the workers of'the world tb Victory. As He taught red-baiting amendment. Resolu­ talk to the boss. The bosses took her away in the pie-wagon. For the truth about how Negroes are treated by be awakened in the minds of the us we are fighting the capitalist foe. vYe áVé defending the Soviet tions endò’rsihg Ca'rey for rè- wouldn’t hrive anything to do with There were about 10 or 11 ar­ the Jim Crow Officer caste, Russian workers. But Stalin Union by continuing the class struggle òri every front. Orit of the electiòn as international president the union at fill. The only thing rested. In the jailhouse they put fears this reawakening of the Rus crucible of this war will come the Socialist World for Which Trotsky have been rejected in some locals, left for rid to' dò was to go on 4 girls in a cell together but as READ sian masses and the restoration of lived and died. One year after Trotsky’s death His comrades arid although the Stalinists did nòt strike. bne of them told me later. “We ‘Thè Negro and the V* S. Army ’ workers’ democracy as much as friends here are indicted by the Federal Goverririierit fot honoring express themselves bn this issue. Aborit 5 o’clock in the rhorning weren’t afraid and joked and sané he fears a victory of Hitler. And his ideas. That is thè testimony of the ClaiSs érièìriy that although The sole argument raised by we had a bunch of the union work­ until they let us out. Then we tiy EUGENE VARÍAN it is for this reason that Stalin Trotsky is gone Trotskyism lives ánd advàricès tbWáfd the final the Stalinists against Carey is ers comb down to keep thè other went, back to the picket line.” had to do away with Trotsky, triumph. W« share With you the saddest thoughts of this day. Birt “factionalism,” thé poitit they workers from going into the The workers were terribly mad 29 page pamphlet... 5c we also have the consolation that We still have With us not orily who remained as the living sym­ raised in attacking thè Carey- piarit. The placò was surrounded by now, all of us, because we PIONEER PUBLISHERS bol of that revolutionary tradi­ Trotsky’s ideas but also you, his loyal Corti pan ion. We fèrveritìy inspired “Inter-local Trade Unititi by cops, in Vadio patrol cars, bn knew that the cops were oil the 116 University Place New York, N. V. tion. hope that you will continue tb be with us fbr many years, for yoU Progressive Committee” of Dis­ fb'b’t and on hbrs’es. The cops on bosses' side and that they would “By putting a pickaxe into the are Our clòsèst link tb the great friend WHbse itieMory Wè hbfrbr trict 4. They db not attack th'e the Hórsès Wè'rè th’e Sir orsi of them try to break cur strike. So wé Also obtainable through all Branch literature agents of the T ï : b ...... „■...... „T brain of Trotsky. Stalin delivered tonight. i'll because they tried to ¿Care the ¿ent a committee to the head­ Sòcialisf Workers Party. a ferirful blow to the workers’ -fkers on the picket lifie by rid- quarters of the Shipyard Workers AUGUST 30, 1941 THE M I LITANT — 3 TROTSKYISM LIVES - by J. P. Cannon Comrade Chairman and Comrades: expect to put our program on record. We expect to take advantage In his theoretical elucidation of the post-Lenin reaction in of the time that is left us between the filing of the candidates Russia which swept the Stalinist bureaucracy into power, Com­ and the trial in Minnesota to make part of our public defense rade Trotsky referred to the history of revolutions anil derived against their trial. Our “defense” will be to accuse the prose­ his thesis from that history. Revolutions throughout history, in Speech Delivered At New York cutors of responsibility for the destruction of millions of human the ebb and flow of history, have always been 'followed by counter­ lives in the War; to proclaim the downfall of their system and the revolutions, but the counter-revolution lias never succeeded in coming victory of socialism. That is our aim in the campaign. throwing society back to the original point of departure o'f 'the Trotsky Memorial Meeting Everything will naturally be concentrated on the ques­ tion that dominates the world. That is, the question of the revolution. Every revolution has signified a permanent advance entry into- the war and in the face of the indictments in Minnesota the others, this tremendous Soviet morale. What did they all say? war which every month or so draws new territories and new of mankind’s social organization. Trotsky never departed from we are able to participate in the campaign with our own candidate First, they said the two systems—fascism and Sovietism— are peoples into its bloody vortex. This war is the expression of this thesis, but reiterated it at every new turn of events. on the ballot, we must say that for us it is a great step forward. so interlocked that Russia and Germany make natural partners the incurable bankruptcy of an outlived system; that was The reaction against the great French bourgeois revolution It may not appear so important to others. If you judge things against the “democratic” world. We heard such a monstrous the fundamental theme of Comrade Trotsky’s work in his which, after Napoleon, went even so far as -the restoration for a by comparative numbers, if you measure our party’s numerical thesis in our own party a little more than a year ago. We were last years— that capitalism is in its death agony. The great time of the monarchy, never succeeded in -restoring feudal prop­ strength beside that of LaGuardia and Tammany Hall, it may* informed by no less an authority than the great Professor Burn­ programmatic document of the Fourth International, E.dopted erty relations, and consequently the revolution remained essent­ .seem a little ridiculous that only a few thousand people vote for ham that we Trotskyists were a “left cover” for Hitler because -in the World Congress of 1938, written by him, bears that, ially victorious in spite of the long swefep of reaction -against the program of the Fourth International. But only the super­ we wanted to defend the Soviet Union unconditionally. Burnham title, “The Death Agony of Capitalism and the Tasks of the it. Capitalism was firmly established by the initial Victory of the ficial people, only Philistines, say that; only those people who and his retinue never dreamed of the war that was to burst with Proletarian Revolution.” bourgeois revolution. full fury two months ago. see today prolonged indefinitely into tomorrow. Here in America- there was a tremendous reaction against Then, when it happened, there was one universal expecta­ I venture to say that we will get more votes in New York, THE WAR CLARITIES ALL ISSUES our second revolution in the Sixties, the revolution which over­ tion, one common prediction. Nobody believed in the fighting proportionately, for the candidate of the Fourth International Comrade Trotsky never had the slightest confidence in the threw chattel slavery. The reaction in the South Went a Icing capacities of the Soviet army except the Soviet workers them­ than the Bolsheviks got in Russia in the A first elections. W e do ability of wot-ld capitalism to escape from the war or to emerge way in the years and decades following the m ilitary victory of selves— and the Fourth Internationalists. Stalin didn’t believe in not expect to get great numbers of. votes in this election, from the war. He had no confidence in the ability of world capital­ the bourgeois North. The emancipated ifegroes wefe virtually the fighting ability of the Red Army which he had beheaded. Tha ism to regain stability. He was not like those miserable social deprived of all political axxd social lights. But ‘tire reaction never only reason he didn’t capitulate to Hitler and -give hifn all the democrats, sceptics and renegades from radicalism. They are the went back so far as to restore private property in human 'beings concessions he wanted, is that he didn’t get a chance. Hitler only people who see a rosy future for capitalism. Not the capital­ which had been destroyed by the revolutionary Victory o'f the thought it would be so easy to smash the Red Army, he didn’t ists themselves! Not in any of their parties or groups have they Northern armies. Chattel slavery was not restored. bother to parley about it. All the statesmen and m ilitary experts the slightest confidence; they live in fear of what the future If we keep these historical facts and this thesis in mind, expected and freely .predicted a Russian collapse on the French will bring. we can see more clearly beneath the superficial appearance pattern in a few weeks. What they all overlooked was the one Trotsky said and repeated time and time again that the war of things and understand what is taking place in the Soviet most important and most fundamental element in war, the one will put an end to all pretenses, to all ambiguity; it will destroy Union, what is taking place in the world. Reaction set in that was elucidated by Comrade Trotsky in our last talk With all parties and groups which try to play tricks with principles against the Russian revolution about 1923. The terrible event him in Mexico, fourteen months ago, the element of morale. and to cheat history. They will be demolished, there will not be that we commemorate tonight, the assassination of the ‘great In the course of our visit of a week or more—-this was. at the left one stone upon another. International Stalinism and Social leader of the Russian revolution, was itself a -product of that time when the great battle of Finance was raging, before Paris Democracy will be victims of the Avar which their betrayals made reaction, which is still sweeping the world today. But if we had not yet fallen—we asked him more than once to give us his possible. And the “London Bureau,” that miserable centrist cari­ keep our theory in mind, if we understand the teachings of opinion of the military prospects of that fight. And again and cature which made its task in life* to fight the “intransigeanee” all the great Marxists that the march of history, in spite of again he repeated, “It depends on the morale of the French army. of Trotskyism and its “sectarianism.” Where are their mass everything, is forward and nbt backward, we can find our I f the French army really has the morale to fight, H itler cannot parties? Where is the mass party of the centrist London Bureau bearings even in these heavy days. And only we can do it. win, not even if he comes as far as Paris.” in the United States? It was represented once by a clique of But the French soldiers did not have the morale to fight. bankrupt sharpers who never had any masses but Avere always REACTION OF 1917 REPEATED TODAY That was explained in an article in our magazine, “Fourth Inter­ issuing promissory notes to produce them in the future, the In many respects one can -find a certain analogy between national” as well as by many other correspondents. Our own Lovestone group. Where are they now? I don’t think you could events that are unfolding today, and those of 24 years ago this comrade who was there and had intimate contact with great num­ find them, because the group held a meeting and adopted a reso­ summer, when it seemed, indeed, that the blackest time had come. bers of French people in the course of his journalistic duties, lution to this effect: that the best thing we can do in the interest The World W ar had been raging in Europe for three years, de­ explained it about as follows: The French workers and the French of socialism is to dissolve. And that was the first correct state­ vouring men by the million on the bloody battle-fields of the war. soldiers, if you asked them if there wasn’t some difference be­ ment the Lovestoneites ever made. The apparently invincible conquering army o f 'the German Falser tween the Hitler regime and the rotting bourgeois democratic I hear every week or so about some little pretentious sect was then, like H itler’s army today, in occupation of the Ukraine. rogime in France, would say, “Yes, there is a difference, but the that was more radical than Trotsky and bent on correcting the A stalemate had come in the war of the imperialist powers, and difference is not worth dying for.” That was one reason for the deviations of Trotsky, also-, imitating the Lovestoneite example, they poured out the blood of a million men in the madness of catastrophic defeat of the French bourgeois army. “dissolving.” And others don’t even meet, they simply dissolve. Verdun in an attempt to break it. The United States had formally And others ‘make peace with capitalism, like the social democrats entered the war and the mad, patriotic :mob spirit was running THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION IS STILL ALIVE and the -Stalinists. And others simply wither away, like the So­ rampant in this country. Raids on radical labor organizations Those who made an equation between Fascist Germany arid cialist Party- of Norman Thomas. We remain. We swim against were taking place and the Department of Justice, under the same the Soviet Union could not understand the psychology of the the current. And that is no-t beca'usc of our personal superiority J. Edgar Hoover who is framing us today, Was preparing the Russian workers and peasants. You can write all the books, wise­ but because of the superiority of the program that we are organ­ indictments against the IW W which were to be announced in acre theses, explaining there is no difference between the degen­ ized to defend. Because we are the bona-fide representatives of the early part of September. erated workers’ state in -Russia and the fascist regime in Ger­ the one viable .-political current in the world— the current that many. But the Russian workers and peasants think there is a Then, out of the night of that black reaction, that time Avas released by the great -Russian revolution of October. 1917. of desperation, a few months later came the brightest light difference, and they think the difference is worth dying for. James P. Cannon, National Secretary of the Socialist The disciples of Trotsky are the people who really mean it when the world had eVer Seen—the light of the October revolution They know better than all the renegades, better than all those Workers Party, addressing the Trotsky Memorial Meeting in they say they defend the Russian revolution and its conquests. who have turned their backs on the Soviet Union in the hour of in Russia. Since that time we have lived by that light. And' New York. August 22. In the background is part of a 12-foot Our struggle against Stalinism has always been a struggle in danger, the hour when people are really tested as to the value the whole world, friends and foes, whether they liked it or sketched portrait of Leon Trotsky. behalf of the Russian revolution and all that it signifies. npt, have'also lived under the sign of the Russian revolution -of their ideas, opinions, theories and promises. of 1917. W ith that victory of the workers under the 'leader­ Trotsky said more than once, that the beginning of a war ship of Lenin and Trotsky, the world revolutionary movement of imperialism against the Soviet Union would undoubtedly came to life again. The movement which had been beaten arouse a veritable outburst of genuine revolutionary patriotism WHY THE TROTSKYISTS HAVE BEEN INDICTED into the dust by the war and the capitulations and the be­ and fighting- spirit in the Russian masses. That is precisely what Why, in the United States Senate, the other day. in that pressure on them to be good fellows, to get in line, and to go trayals of all the traditional leaders— then as now— the world we have seen there. And as we wait breathlessly from day to day, fountain-head of American political wisdom, you had the floor along with the war, they said, “No, we do not believe in your revolutionary movement rose again, raised its head and began and even from edition to edition of the newspapers, to see what leader of the Roosevelt W ar Party explaining to the muddle- war. We are going to fight against it.” That was what prompted to recruit a whole new army of young people inspired by the is the further course, the further fate of the armies locked in headed isolationists the difference between Stalin and Trotsky. the struggle A vith Tobin w h ic h was followed by -the indictments Russian revolution. combat, we know one thing for sure. We know that by their And after all these years, even Barkley knows the difference. I against ns. am quoting from the Congressional Record of August 5, 1941. We felt it here in this country. We began again on One fund­ tremendous demonstration of fighting heroism, the Russian mass­ ROOSEVELT’S PRECEDENT FOR amental premise, established and demonstrated in Russia: that es have said once again that the revolution in Russia is still alive, Senator Barkley said: the way out of the madness of capitalist war is by the 'revolution­ and-still has the possibilities of reinspiring the world and starting “When they (the Russian people after the revolution -Of THE INDICTMENT ary victory of the workers; that the workers can and Will ac­ a new upsweep of progress which revolutionary victory alone 1917) started out, they had a vagué, fantastic notion th a t There is a parallel in oùr American history for the prostitu­ complish that victory and free the world, not -only from war, can bring. they would socialize or communize the world; and the funda­ tion of the presidential powers to help trade union conservatives but from the horrible, decaying system of capitalism that breeds The reaction against the Russiah revolution presented so mental difference between Stalin and Trotsky Was over -that against radicals. In 1917 when the IW W was making sòme head­ the war. many complexities, phenomena entirely new in history, that question. Trotsky, as I understand the matter, was a World way in different parts of the country as against the AFL, Gonip- Twenty-four years have passed since that -time. Those Who it was not easy to understand the real course of events and revolutionist, while Stalin took the position that the Russian ers, Who was the chief labor agent of Wilson in lining up the have remained on the fundamental premise I have just men­ their meaning. The great service Of Trotsky to humanity, to Government owed its first duty to the Russian people.. .the i labor movement for the Avar, received as his price for support, tioned— the premise of the adherents of the Bolshevik revolution history, was that he E X P L A IN E D to the revolutionary van­ fight between Trotsky and Stalin revolved ’around the ques­ the prosecution of the IW W . That was a notoriously known fact — they can understand events today better than others, and they guard of the world the complex processes of the degeneration tion whether they should undertake to revolutionize the world at the time. It was common gossip among labor leaders that can see the prospect of new advances -throughout the darkness of the workers’ state, of the rise Of the privileged bureau­ or should concentrate on Russia. Stalin won, and Trotsky had Gómpers finally “got” Haywood through the Department of of the reaction. They understand that the reaction has set back cracy, of the reasons -for it, and of what remained funda­ to leave the country.” Justice. I was reading Bill Haywood's autobiography again the but nGt yet overthrown the Russian revolution. Those fa in t­ mental and secure in spite of the reaction of the bureaucracy. And they Avould not let Trotsky into this country because, other night, and he refers to the same thing. This is the historic hearts, those traitors who said the -Russian revolution has been He explained it, he led the fight -against the reaction, and while they never understood the difference quite so- well before, precedent for Roosevelt’s assistance to Tobin and the prosecu­ killed, that the Soviet Union is not worth defending, are being even more than that, he organized on a world scale the they had a pretty good idea that Trotsky was the kind o f -a tion against us. answered on the battle fields of Russia today by 'millions of -men nucleus of the revolutionary party of the future, which will “counter-revolutionist” that would not do them any good. One of the counts in the indictment alleges that Ave advocate in arms. Millions of Soviet soldiers, pouring out their blood, Say complete the work which remained uncompleted ih Russia. We have been indicted. And the question is asked on all the formation of workers’ defense guards, and that Avhere Ave the revolution still lives and not even H itle r’s army 'Can -kill it! Trotsky’s crowning achievement was the -foundation of the sides, why ha\re they indicted the Trotskyists ? Why didn’t they have the opportunity, having sufficient union support, we actual­ That is the meaning of this thing that is inexplicable to all Fourth Ihte-matiohal. indict somebody else, or why did they -indict anybody ? -HaA>e they ly organize such defense guards, who make it their business to completely lost their heads in Washington? This is the theme of declare War on -fascist bands and train and drill the Avorkers to the social democrats and liberals, supporters of the Roo-sevelt fight fascism. That is true, and our policy is 100% correct. There administration, who Avant to sell the advanced workers a Avar for isn’t any ‘Other anti-fascist tendency in the Avho-le country that STRUGGLES OF THE AMERICAN TROTSKYIST MOVEMENT democracy, and are somewhat embarrassed by this attempt to really intends to fight fascism. We do. The Minneapolis unionists Here in the United States since 1928 we have fought under to have remained intact for a year, and not only in this country scuttle democracy even before the war begins. did actually organize a defense guard. the banner of Trotsky. Thirteen years ago we raised that banner bnt on a world scale—that in itself would be a colossal achieve­ Don’t think for a moment, however, that President Roosevelt here. It seems but yesterday. The fight has been so intense, so ment. But not only to have survived; to- have made progress; to THE OPPOSITION TO WAR THAT WON’T STOP and -his Biddles in Washington are foolish enough to imagine uninterrupted, so full of interest and passion, we have never have gained in numbers and in activity— as we have done— that Well, we are indicted for definite reasons, for essentially the one group of defense guards or 29 people were immediately had time to reminisce about it. F o r thirteen years we have waged is the brightest promise for the future that this party which same reasons that they have indicted the proletarian revolution­ threatening the government. No, that is a part of the frame-up. our struggle, and I think it is now clear to everybody, to friend Comrade Trotsky founded cannot be destroyed! ists in the past. Not because of our numbers, not because of our The ideas, and the knowledge that these ideas can really grow and foe on both sides of the class barricades— it is now clear to immediate power, but for Avhat Ave represent, and because of the and become poAverful When the conditions mature for them—that everybody that the movement founded on the program of Com­ OUR WORK SINCE TROTSKY’S DEATH masters’ fear of -the future and the future things. They know is what they are really shooting at. They want to put us in the! rade Trotsky in this country thirteen years ago, which is rep­ In the past year we didn’t do sensational things, but we in spite of all the noisy anti-war talk of the so-called isolation­ penitentiary because Ave alone really proclaim the socialist society resented today by the Socialist Workers Party, is the authentic moved forward on every front. Our trade union work was de­ ists, and pacifists, and Christian-Fronters and American-Firsters and summon the workers to. fight fo r it. We alone counterpose to movement of Bolshevism, the movement that remains time to veloped, better organized, more widely extended; the party be­ — they know that the only real and serious opposition to their •this bankrupt system of capitalism an alternative system of class­ the Russian Revolution of October, 1-917, to 'the -people who led it, came more firmly established with a larger percentage of its imperialist war, the opposition that won’t stop when Avar begins, less socialist society. That idea they want to outlaAv. and to the principles embodied in it. members in the trade unions than ever before. Our press did not is represented by the Trotskyists. Of course what they are doing is against the Bill of Rights, go down; it went forward— increased its circulation, increased The one authentic movement is our party. The hatred of all They had an immediate occasion to attack us in Minneapolis against that part of the Constitution, those amendments to it, its size, its effectiveness, its popularity, and its influence through­ traitors, of all deserters and renegades against Trotsky and the as a result of a trade union conflict. O.ne single union in the which were designed to secure the rights of the people to free out the entire militant labor movement. Our organization grew a Trotskyists, confirms it. And it is now certified, so to speak, by Teamsters International of 500,000, one union of 5,000 members, speech and a free press. The indictment violates the Constitution, bit. We took a number of young men and developed them into the Department of Justice in Washington. Of all the patties and in a part of the country which is not decisive economically— it violates democracy. But do not have any illusions that because it professional organizers. We have today a bigger staff on the individuals in this country, the Roosevelt W ar Party, has singled is on the edge of the prairie, it is away from the great industrial breaks their own Constitution, and because it breaks down their organizational side of the party than we ever had in our thirteen out this group of disciples of Trotsky for special attention. Out- strategical centers— one single union came into conflict with own pretensions to free speech and democracy, do not have any years. organization is the first selected for persecution under the Smith President Roosevelt’s principal labor agent, Daniel Tobin, and illusions that they ax-e not going to go through with it. They are Act and under another act passed in 1861 against the Southern We didn’t neglect our international obligations. Bearing in left the Tobin organization and joined the CIO. And everybody not interested in formality or consistency. They are interested Confederates. mind the more favorable position we occupy in the richest capital­ in the country seems to understand, practically every newspaper in stamping out opposition to the war. They are interested in We have suffered many blows 'since 1928. We have never ist Country in the world, we gave help to our Chinese comrades, that has commented on the matter mentions the fact, that the suppressing people who can’t be brought into line. lived or worked at any time without pressure upon us, without to the refugees in Europe, -to our comrades in Latin-America— indictment represents a political favor to Tobin in his fight Avith persecution against us, without hardships and material lacks. not by any means adequate, not by any means what we should Local 544-CIO. There is something in what they say. This is WHY THEY FRAME A SMALL GROUP But a year ago today the hardest blow -of all fell upon our move­ have done, but more than we had been able to do before. undoubtedly the immediate cause of the indictment. The Social Democrats don’t care very much about democracy ment in this country and the Fourth International throughout the Mention has been made here tonight of our election campaign But that doesn’t really explain the thing fundamentally at except as a slogan to- dupe the workers and fai-iners into a war world, including its Russian detachments. The hardest blow- of in New York. And indeed it is an epochal event that in the past all. The question one must ask is, why did Tobin have a fight in Europe. The Social DemoCi-ats who are supporters of Roose­ a ll that could possibly be dealt to us Was the assassination of the year, on two occasions, we have raised the banner of Trotskyism with the leaders of 544, and why did he try to drive them out velt, with a greater enthusiasm than Roosevelt himself in his Trotsky a year ago yesterday by an agent of the traitor and in important elections. In Minnesota the Fourth Internationalists of the union in Minneapolis ? And then you come to the real nub sober moments could ever display, are somewhat a t a loss to -ex­ murderer, Stalin. put a candidate in the field for United States Senate. They man­ of the matter. Tobin is a right-hand man of the Roosevelt admin­ plain this indictment and they call it fantastic. “This little sect You remember when we gathered in the Memorial meeting aged to get -access to the radio, to carry on a fairly Avide public istration, his chief “labor lieutenant,” and a member of the of 29 people are going to overthrow the government? Ridiculous!” a year ago, when we summoned all our courage and said, in spite activity, so as to arouse the interest of thousands of people and “Fight for Freedom, Inc.”— an organization which is campaign­ — and so on. They would like to- make a joke out of it and lull ns of everything, we would survive that terrible blow because Trot­ gain eight or nine thousand votes for Comrade Grace Carlson, ing for an immediate declaration of “shooting war.” Tobin With the idèa that because in their eyes it is utterly fantastic, sky had left us the program and the ideas and the example that Senatorial candidate of our party in Minnesota. couldn’t line up the Trotskyists in Minnesota for the Avar. The nothixrg will come of it. Well, I will tell you something. I f Ave Will enable us to do it. Many people were skeptical. But we -did And now, If we are able for the first time :to have a candidate Trotskyists áre that breed of people who don’t line up. They ate were strong enough to be a “real and present menace” to the Burvive. Just to have remained alive after Such a calamitous loss, on the ballot for mayor of New York, if on the eve of formal stiffmecked about {Principle. And when Tobin tried to put the » (Continued on page 5) AUGUST 30, 1941 4 — T H E MILITANT Auto Convention Posed Labor's War Problems

war machine will become the ma­ tuted a hard and conscious group ely a half-hearted pretense at Roosevelt bandwagon. They voted and aroused workingclass engaged Reuther and Hillman, although jor aspect of tlie labor movement, who, because of previous political fighting Reuther. at the convention against the pre­ constantly in class struggles. that is contrary to their whole and its advancement in the yea? Contradictions Created training, propagated their policy These militants fresh from the vailing pro-Roosevelt mood and Here, faced with real tests, the program. In any case, as a major A ahead. clearly and formed a tight and picket lines, came to-the conven­ were a minority also on the Red Stalinists starting with their larg force the Stalinists are through The leadership is forced to well-organized caucus propagat­ tion with a great desire to get a issue. est, most conscious and most ex­ in auto. Discredited as they are, By War Totalitarianism propel the union into the aircraft ing the full-rounded Hillman crack at the Hillman program. Only the foi l it tide circumstance perienced organized group, have they cannot mobilize the militant drive not only because of the in­ program on all issues. They used The first few Addes caucus meet that John L. Lewis's policy was squandered their capital month by elements with their present line. sistence of the rank and file, but Revealed A t Convention their training in the Socialist ings for that reason were big similar to theirs in opposition to month and year by year until, at The great body of union fighters in the interests of their own pres­ Bv E. R. FRANK Party to fight for the most reac­ enthusiastic gatherings which dis­ Roosevelt, enabled the Stalinists Buffalo, they hardly dared to open who are moving forward towards ervation. The AFL threatens to The sixth annual convention of the C IO auto workers' union, tionary tendency in the labor cussed in strong terms the basic to balance themselves. In addition their mouths. a progressive program cannot be capture aircraft and that cannot concluded August 16 in Buffalo, served to highlight and dram­ movement. questions of the independence of their new line enabled them to The Stalinists’ strategy, care­ won by the CP. be tolerated by the UAW; more­ atize all the underlying contradictions which characterize the The Addes group cannot be said the union from administration attract the great anti-war elements fully worked out in advance, com The Cowing Clash over, priority curtailment of raw C IO movement as a whole in this critical war period. In no in that sense to have existed as domination, and pilloried the Hill among the militant membership, pletely missed lire in actual per­ While Reuther had a tight cau­ materials for auto threatens to previous convention has the dilemma of the labor movement, a caucus at all. This group was man tendency for belly-crawling and made it possible for them formance at the Buffalo conven­ cus functioning all through, and drastically cut down employment faced with the governmental preparations for totalitarian war, and remains a top clique of job to the government, stooging foi boldly to take a hand in tlie oi tion. Addes tried weakly to form one. in auto and face the UAW with been so clearly revealed. politicians, whose policy it was Wall street, and the like. Addes ganization of aircraft and estab Previously t lie supporters of the chief aspect of the convention a vastly reduced working mem­ In many respects this convention was the most militant and never to let the membership in and his top clique did not lead llsh new bases for themselves as was the fluidity of the delegates. Lewis and Addes. and bitter op bership. The aircraft drive will most progressive in the whole fighting history of the UAW . But. on the secret of why they were this group, they were pushed a result. Caucus lines were crossed and re­ pouents of Hillman and Reuthei be pushed and pushed hard. at the same time, the delegates at Buffalo put on the books of fighting Reuther. around by it in spite of themsel­ No such happy accident and nc and Thomas, they were forced to crossed on different questions, the UAW constitution the mos.® ves. such opportunity accompanied and on many issues almost the Temper of Membership correctly the needs and desires oi try to efface the memory of this reactionary provision it has ever Addes Group Folds Up The Communist Party people their recent new turn. On the con whole convention opposed the un­ the masses of workers. Hillman on the eve of the convention, to In spite of the desire of the contained — the admendnicnt bar­ In the whole past, year the lead­ during the whole period since the trary, the Stalinists in auto stand animous leadership at the top. and his tendency represented the switch completely around, forget UAW Board members to patch ring members from elective or ers of the Addes group took a St. Louis convention of the UAW now completely exposed before the Some of the most militant and cynical and unabashed labor lieu­ the North American strike, anci things up and build a unified top appointive posts because of their stand only on questions of job were the extreme supporters o' whole conscious membership and well-thought out speeches on the tenants of the war machine who try, in order to save themselves, machine to their mutual benefit, power and prestige. On all the Addes, paralleling in the auto un at the convention their nakedness OPM, on government control of political beliefs. were willing to tie labor to tl.T to get harmony and unity between the aircraft drive will sharply On the one hand the debates basic issues they went along with ion their support of John L. Lewis was displayed before all the in labor, were delivered by rank-and- tailcoats of the Wail street poli­ the warring groups. They had pose all the basic issues confront­ on political issues of the day were Reuther. They upheld Franken- in the CIO as a whole. formed delegates. file delegates at this convention. ticians who dominate the war pro­ the end in view of gradually draw ing the auto union today; this, the sharpest and clearest in the steen in his strikebreaking role at However, any discussion of tin In the first phase they arrived This militant element, clearer duction agencies. ing Addes and bis friends to the plus the accumulating bitterness union’s history, the speeches of North American, they voted to Stalinists in auto in terms of two at Buffalo with a line opposed to on basic issues than ever before, of the Lewis-Htllman fight is The clique struggle within the support of.their pro-war program the delegates showing the great bully the GM workers back into or three years ago is totally un Lewis. Secondly, their new flip represented a great positive weight UAW tops was caught up in this and uniting with Reuther and bound to split the UAW board the plants without an agreement realistic. Precisely because the flop lost them all standing as a at the convention. With unequal­ strides forward in the political great swirl around Hillman am. Thomas. This done, they would more widely than ever in the past consciousness of the membership; in their recent strike, and bav­ auto union has been such a mili­ union group and cost them pop led boldness t his positive weight Lewis, and the board members be­ have been able to speed the union year. Reuther has the majority in general been no more and r. tant union, and because the Stal­ ular support among tlie auto put to the forefront the big or­ on the other hand the Interna­ came partisans inside the UAW along the rails of Roosevelt's war of the board today. But in the tional Executive Board was left less conservative on the Important inists have played such a big role, workers who now saw them as ganization problem — the organ­ of the two groups in the CTO. machine. But alas . . . their powet ensuing struggles, the problem of issues than the Reuther group. they exposed themselves more tricksters who were puppets ol ization of aircraft. The insistence unchanged by the election — the This did not occur because ilie did not correspond to their big who controls the majority of tho thoroughly in auto than in any the Stalin regime in Russia. upon this organization exceeded few board members who were de­ top UAW leaders became con­ At the convention, therefore, plans! board will be decided by the tem­ other section of the labor move­ Third, their numerical strength the demand at St. Louis for the feated being replaced with essen­ vinced by themselves of the cor the Addes group was immersed No sooner did the convention per of the membership and only ment. had catastrophically decreased. organization of Ford. An assess­ tially the same type as before. rectness of the respective argu­ in the problem of their own jobs. open than Thomas rudely hurled by that factor. At Milwaukee, in 1937, the CP While the Stalinists still control ment will be voted to pay for the ments; on the contrary, they They thought without a doubt back the CP support offered him. Addes can still be expected to Riddle of the Convention members were the organizers and a few large locals, they are unable aircraft drive, and the whole con­ would have preferred to limi* that they could win supremacy in Reuther pressed his campaign work closely with Lewis. What What is the riddle of this pow leaders of the Unity group which to use them any longer as a base vention centered to a large degree their fight to power politics. But the UAW by exposing Reuther as against the Stalinists with re­ direction will he get from him? erful and vital union which bar commanded the major portion o*’ for bigger endeavors, and this around this problem. through the great lessons of the. a factionalist and by posing as newed intensity, bent on unseating The Lewis machine in the CIO is made great advances both in or the union, and throughout this was shown at Buffalo. The Roosevelt and Hillman North American strike, the Allis the great defenders of unity. Not their delegates and on crucifying made up of tiie old line wheel- ganization and in political under­ period they were considered ar All of this resulted in great de­ program for aircraft is to adop\ Chalmers strike, the GM strike, only did they give leadership, but them on the West Coast. In sheet horses of the Miners union. In standing, and yet has returned the great progressive and m ili­ moralization of their own people n scheme similar to the shipyard and other big battles which they had to be practicably black­ desperation, the Stalinists had to the Buffalo convention, Lewis did Thomas and Addes and all the tants in auto. and in boundless confusion. The agreements which freeze wages. brought the union into a clash jacked by leading militants from trudge along shamefully with the not attend and throw his personal other leaders, with a few excep Flint, who understood the need idea that the- Stalinists today act Incvitanly, the aircraft organiza­ weight behind the Addes group; with the administration agencies, Stalinists Lose (ground as a highly disciplined force in Addes group, the only group that tions, to office? This leadership it for a basic fight, into calling a tional drive will clash with the he did not do this because Lewis the basic issues being fought out At the Cleveland convention in would tolerate them. certainly the democratic choice o' caucus meeting to discuss tin auto is untrue; that is only a Roosevelt administration, and will is a prestige politician, and would by the Lewis and Hillman groups 1938, while they suffered from a the delegates, since democracy problems. They called a caucus memory of the past. At the present Juncture, in or­ bring out all the militancy ana not risk his prestige and standing seeped down to the thinking sec­ split with Walter Reuther, and reigns in the UAW as in no other only after terrific pressure. One must remember that in the der to keep their dwindling base, fight of the auto union. That is where he was not sure of victory. tions of the membership of the had already compromised some­ international union. UAW the Stalinists have not been the Stalinists cannot drop Addes the positive road the union is He sent instead his man Alan Hay­ UAW, and wide sections of the The militant element at the con­ what by their unprincipled fac­ able to sail ahead as they have and his people, without first com­ really going to take in spite of Does this mean that the aut( membership had taken sides and vention, who came prepared In wood, whose contribution, with or tionalism and disruption, the Stal­ in the National Marititnfe Union, ing to an understanding with the top leadership. Couple this workers are content with their paired off by the time the Buf­ a general way to fight the Hill- without Lewis’s aid, was the un­ inists still were a controlling force the Transport Workers etc. In Reuther and Hillman. W ill such fact with the fact that this is also leadership? That cannot be so. falo convention convened. The manism which threatened to sap principled horse-trade by which at the convention and had the these unions the Communist Party an understanding be forthcoming? the road of the whole CIO in its since the delegates placed plenty leadership only reflected this di* the union’s independence, consti Frankensleen was assured a board largest single unified bloc. had a monopoly of leadership and All indications arc negative. The fight for complete domination of of restrictions on leadership, and vision. job in exchange for his support. t.uted a majority of the conven In St. Louis last year, at the faced only the out-au-out reaction­ Roosevelt administration, and more than once voted down the the American labor movement, and I to Addes, dumping Reuther, and The Reuther group, led by and tion delegates. This militant' eie height of the Stalin-Hitler pact, ary opposition, by and large. Hillman as part of it, will not tol­ unanimous recommendations of you can say for sure that this making some deals as to appoint­ large by such renegade Socialist ment, led by .the well-knit and they arrived at the convention In the auto union they had to erate the Communist Party people the International officers when fight started at Buffalo, which be­ ments in the aircraft set-up. The Party members as the Reuther able delegation from Flint, were having lost heavily in Detroit, face competition with every ten­ precisely because they are weak the interests of the rank and fill gan as a clique fight, will deepen North American fight was hushed brothers, George Nordstrom. Joe attracted on several issues to the having paid a heavy price as a" dency in the labor movement., in and discredited. To hang on. they were endangered. R. J. Thomas and clarify, and in the course of up as a result of this deal. Ditzel. and Emil Mazey, constl- Addes group when it showed mer- result of their flip-flop off the the presence of a highly militant must continue in a way to oppose who was elected by acclamation clashes with the apparatus of the Such a deal cooked up by the himself complained several time.1- boys in the back room might during the convention that every have smoothly gone over in an proposal he made was turner AFL convention, or even in the down. The behind-the-scenes man Mine Workers or Steel Workers, euvers of the top leaders werr Why The Draftee Army Lacks Morale but when it reached the red hot attacked by many delegates; ever floor of the UAW convention its the capitalist press was forced tc rottenness was exposed and der­ comment that in the UAW, unlike ided and bitterly resented by the in so many other unions, the lead Soldiers Have No Faith In Cause For Which Ruling Class Wants Them To Fight militant delegation. This type of By ART I’REIS ership sits on an uneasy throne. not want to fight because they do not see any reason for fighting. I Pearson and Allen, in the article previously quoted, draw this tactic is typical of the Lewis ma­ The answer to the contradictions “Morale is to materiel as three is to one.” Accordingly they see little point in their being in Army camps at \ comparison between the French and the Soviet Russian armies: chine. This famous observation of Napoleon was recalled last week But events are unquestionably lies in two main underlying facts: all. There is very strong anti-Roosevelt feeling. “In France, battalio'ns, companies, entire regiments, surrendered First, while there is a great op by the United States Chief of Staff, General Marshall, in com­ going to propel Lewis toward “A second reason for trouble is that the men have no faith en masse. The world was astounded. The French Army had been position to the Roosevelt wai menting on the low morale in the new draftee army. more progressive positions as the in the officers who,are commanding them ...T h e men complain heralded as the best in the world.- Its officers had been trained for party and to the whole admin Disciplinary examples, threats, appeals 'to patriotism or army struggle for tho building of tho about junior and senior officers indiscriminately. They say most years. Its equipment, while not as good as the Nazis’, was the next istrative apparatus of the war ma tradition have not sufficed to stem the tide of draftee discontent. CIO progresses, because he is of them do not know their jobs. The officers argue with the best in Europe. chine, the OPM, the Mediation The flood of protests against the army term extension from the staking his future not on Roos­ noneoms on tactical points and are frequently out-argued, losing “Yet the French Army collapsed in 11 short days. Board, etc., this opposition bar draftees, swelled by the clamor from the folks back home, has com­ evelt and his' war adventure, but the respect of the men.” "... One year later an entirely different story comes from not been thought out. to the end pelled Roosevelt and the W ar Department to modify their plans. upon the future and strengthen­ Russia. While a great body of UAW mili Last week the administration had to promise the soldiers conces­ The draftees see that they are commanded by incompetent of­ ing of the CIO. This may tend to “There, a huge, unwieldy, green army facing the pick of H it­ tants oppose the OPM and tin sions, the release of 200,000 men from army service by Christmas ficers, who look down on them and won’t hesitate to sacrifice the force Addes in his turn also to ler’s mechanized veterans, has retreated, but not surrendered. At Hillman type of unionism, lhe> and the right of the draftees to apply for release after 14 to 18 lives of the privates. take a more progressive stand. times isolated and hopelessly cut off, Russian troops have con­ are nevertheless wholly in favoi months service, instead of the 30 months set by Congress. In addi­ As Life indicates, the men are coming to realize that this is Reuther on the other hand, to tinued fighting— fighting so desperately that' the Germans have of the national defense program tion, General Hershey, director of Selective Service, has directed not their army; that it is the army of class rule. If officers are in­ meet the new militancy of the air­ complained that they did not obey the rules of war. The obvious contradiction betweei local draft boards to assist draftees at the end of their service to competent, if the general staff is ignorant, the soldiers must never­ craft drive, will use his new ma­ these two positions has not ye1 et back their old jobs, as promised. theless submit. There is no way to replace the present officer caste “OBVIOUSLY RUSSIAN TROOPS HAVE BEEN DE­ jority if possible to kick out the occurred to the union member The army stuffed-shirts have come reluctantly to admit that with competent, responsible men from the ranks. FENDING SOMETHING WHICH THEY CHERISHED. THEY radical and militant elements, un­ HAVE HAD WHAT THE FRENCH LACKED—MORALE.” ship. army morale is “not what it should be.” “The men complain that there is no way to get ahead in der the constitutional amendment Secondly, while the membership Lieutenant General Ben Lear, of “Yoo Hoo!” fame, voiced the the army. They say that very few draftees are given a chance The Soviet soldiers are indeed “defending something which passed at the convention. This is they cherished”— i.e., their nationalized property, their freedom as represented by the delegate! typical officer caste point of view last week, when he said: to take officers’ training courses. They say that initiative on the his only defense against the new from capitalist exploitation, their free socialist future, which, onrush and the auto union may at the convention, have no grea- “If morale is not high, it is no fault of ours. We have done the part of the privates is discouraged.” faith in the present UAW leader in spite of the Stalin bureaucracy, still remains a living reality witness, while it. is surging for­ everything within reason to promote the welfare and comfort of The W ar Department and the army staff cannot do those things ship, they have not yet formed for them...... ward organizationally, an attempt the trainees. If the morale is poor, it is-only because the morale which would eliminate the basic reasons for the low morale. a new leadership in whom the; The French soldiers were defending the COMITE DES by the top group to behead the of the people is poor.” They cannot, first of all, provide the soldiers with a cause worth have faith and confidence and FORGES (the French Steel Trust) and the 200 Ruling Families militants and isolate them. There is truth in this statement, in so far as it deals with the dying for. The draftees sense that they arc not being called upon whom they will follow along l.h- of France. to fight for real democracy or for the “defense” of the nation. They Knoiv What They Want path of struggle in defense of.thr effect of popular moods on the army. The morale and attitude of a The American officer staff professes to “marvel” at the morale conscript army parallels that of the civilians. see the preparations being made to send them to Europe or Asia But the militants from Cleve­ union. of the Red Army. It cannot hope to achieve a similar morale in its to fight for colonies and markets. They observe the war profiteers land, Flint and elsewhere, at this By and large, the attitude of the draftees is one that has been own armies. American working-class youth cannot be made eager Background of Conflicts expressed repeatedly by the people in polls, letters to Congressmen, growing fatter at their expense. They take account of Roosevelt’s convention showed the greatest to die for America’s Sixty Families. solidarity of ideas in the history Ever since the St. Louis con and the other limited means of expression permitted them. The broken promises, the trend toward repression of civil rights, the The draftees may be whipped together into some semblance of of the union, and demonstrated vention last year, there has been American people—thr.ce-fourths of them at least— are opposed to secret diplomacy and arbitrary acts of the administration driving a disciplined fighting force by intimidation and terrorism. But that that they know what they want. a fierce clique fight ;n the UAW entering the war. toward war, the threat of post-war chaos. is not the type of army which will stand up under intensive fire and There is no question that many International Executive Board This sentiment of the people is not an alien force operating Nor can the War Department change the class character of the against imposing odds. of this fighting group will break AdJdes and his group have fougb upon the morale of the troops, as the officer corps pretends. These army rule, for that rule is simply an extension of the rule of the in the coming period decisively bitterly with Reuther and Thomas are the feelings that the men bring with them into the army. bosses. The first criterion for an officer in this army is loyalty to Only A Workers' Army W ill Have Morale Frankensleen and their clique the ruling class. An army directed and ruled by the capitalists and their officer with the war machine, and this The officer staff wants the “ideal” soldier, i.e.. one who is cut fighting core of men who pushed What was this fight about? It be That is why the government makes no effort to assist men caste can never be trusted to fight fascism, whether of the domestic off from all civilian life, and w'ho asks no questions provided he gets Addes as it. did at the Buffalo gan purely.as a struggle for posts from the ranks— workers, trade unionists— to rise to positions of or foreign variety. But the workers of this country must be prepared his three “squares” a day and a comfortable bunk at night. convention, will push further in and prestige, nothing more. leadership in the army. The government seeks, above all, to pre­ to repel fascism by the only effective means. The draftees resist. They have— or believe they have— the right the coming months, for a prog­ But in ilie course of a year, tin serve the army as an instrument of the ruling minority. Those means are military. They are blind men or knaves who to say something about how the army is run. They do not enter the ram to build the union in the face UAW, propelled by its own organ Thus, the method whereby the W ar Department and the officer counsel the workers io pacifism. Those who speak against the army for a career. And they will fight willingly only for a cause in of any and all opposition. To un­ izational progress, collided bead caste seek to “build” morale is savage discipline and punishments. workers obtaining military training and learning the techniques of which they believe so deeply that they will not hesitate to sacrifice derstand the auto union, it is nec­ on with the war machine, and th< A striking instance of this is the court-martial sentence passed modern warfare would have the workers stand meek and defenseless their personal welfare and lives to achieve it. essary to understand the courage­ militant membership set up a how against the onrushing world-wide capitalist reaction and fascism. last week against Private John Habinyak, who was sentenced to ten ous fighting men who make up against, the stihke-breaking union Real Reasons fo r Lou- Morale The only kind of army that can defeat fascism is an army years and nine months of hard labor, on five counts of “insubordin­ its heart and sinews. They are de­ busting government, apparatus Front several authoritative sources we have been able recently which the ruling capitalist class cannot achieve, an army with ation” : spitting on the floor; refusing to clean up the spit; refusing termined to build. Those who go which had been hurled at their to get an indication of the real factors underlying the poor morale to- clean his mess kit; refusing to sweep the floor; disobeying an morale. Morale can exist only in an army which fights for a cause of the army. in which it believes. along with them they will accept. heads. order to pick up some broken concrete. (As we go to press, we learn Those who stand in their way they Pearson and Allen, in their syndicated “Merry-Go-Round” The American workers and farmers must have such an army. The struggle in the CIO between that Habinyak’s original sentence has been reduced to three years will brush aside; the veterans of the column, wrote on August 8: Their very lives and liberties depend on it. It must be an army re­ Sidney Hillman and John and six months as a result of popular pressure.) sit-downs and scores of labor bat­ “And to date, judging by our poll of selectees, plus the War sponsive to the will of the masses, fighting in their interests, con­ Lewis, over the important and Major S. Murrell, judge advocate of the army post where Habin­ tles, are determined that the UAW Department’s own frank fears, Ithe American Army lacks trolled and directed by the masses. basic union issues relating to the yak was convicted, on August 22 amplified the reasons for the shall march forward, organize air­ morale .... Such an army is possible only under a workers’ and farmers’ attitude of labor toward Roosevelt savage sentence. He admitted that the five offenses cited were con­ craft, solidify their gains, and pr “...the War Department has given the boys no conception government. But even before this governnient is instituted, the and to the war apparatus of the. sidered minor. But, he added, Habinyak was sentenced, in reality, tect and defend the most power­ of what is happening in the world, has made no attempt to show workers can take effective measures to safe-guard their vital inter­ administration dominated by the for his “attitude.” ful labor union in (he history of them why they are called upon to serve. It has fallen down on ests in the m ilitary field. That is the purpose of our m ilitary pro­ dollar-a-year men, had already the country. In the course of this the one big weapon which makes a modern army fight.” The officer staff knows that Habinyak’s "attitude" is similar gram, which advocates: come out into the open and re­ struggle, these union men who Life magazine, August 18, 1941, reported the things that the to that of 95 per cent of all the draftees. And that “attitude” is the vealed as a basic issue the ques­ 1. M ilitary training of workers financed by the government, have learnt so much in the past soldiers themselves, in one of the large and typical training camps, essence of their morale. tion of the independence of the but under the control of the trade unions. years, who have developed so far, gave as their reasons for wanting to get out of the army. labor movement. Morale is not, as the bourgeois officer caste thinks, simply a 2. Special officers’ training camps, financed by the govern­ will grow in. stature and will in­ “Not more than 5% of the men in this division believe that question of Prussian discipline, good food, fine equipment and train­ The Lewis group was far more ment, but controlled by tho trade unions, to train workers to sure a fighting leadership for fcfogressive aud reflected more the emergency is as serious as President Roosevelt insists. They do ing, or recreational facilities. become officers. American labor. AUGUST 30, 1941 T H E MILITANT — f

Famous American Labor Trials Hopkins Covers Stalin and the The State of Massachusetts versus Sacco and Vanzetti Moscow Trials Is This the Negroes' War? ------By Lydia Beidel------= = = By JACK WEBER = = = = ! No one will dispute the right of the Com­ NICOLA SACCO of protest against the terror which der to establish a “criminal rec­ part of judge, specialists, and had resulted iri Salsedo’s death ord” for thè ftiore iihporta'nt 61 Hopkins Investigates Russia munist Party to say of the bosses’ war which BARTOLOMEO VANZETTI Witnesses. It sought to force a re­ the United States is about to enter that it is Each of thèrri carried a gun, a the two prisoriers when the Brain­ versal by legalistic maneuverings The significant meeting between Roosevelt and Electrocuted by the State of Massachusetts on their war too. In fact, they can say so with the practice which (he nature of tneii tree case came to trial. and indignant speeches. Churchill was preceded by the sudden, trip of August 22, 1927, at midnight Harry Hopkins, Roosevelt’s present alter ego, to greatest justice, for they are subordinating work had detnarided for many Indictments against thè two pris­ Thè International Labor De­ Statements made'by the prisoners upon hearing the death Moscow. Hopkins stayed in Russia just long everything else to support of the imperialist war. years. Their fust reaction to the oners iri the payroll murders at fense, on the other band, played enough to have one of those intimate chats with But when they presume to speak for the sentence pronounced against them by Judge Thayer on April 9, crude' questioning df the detec­ South Braintree Were brought on every legalistic angle to its limit Stalin—and then returned completely enlightened Negro people too, and to say for them, “This is 1927: tives was fO protect the identity September 14, 1920. From May 31 arid went further. It handled the SACCO: T a n z e T t l - concerning the whole situation in Soviet Russia. our war,” then they are taking just a little too Of thOSe associated with thein iri to July 14, 1921, the fàrce of this case as an encounter in tire class “I know the sentence will be “If it had not been for these the S r fringe frièri IS Of the meeting. Since the wording of the three points in his much upon themselves and have to be brought notorious trial went on before war: the capitalist state vs. the thing, I might have live o'ut my Believing that they wèrè bel tig ar­ working class. report to Roosevelt, as given in the press, has to order— above all, of course, by the masses of between two classes, the op­ Judge Webster Thayer at Dedham life talking at street corners rested for à political èriirie, they not been in any way denied, and especially since Negroes themselves. pressed class and the rich class Massachusetts. The Defense Committee com­ to scorning men. I might have lied about their destination rind it fits in so well with the needs of the “Allies,” and there will always be col­ piled a long list of impressive Last Wednesday in Chicago, William Patter­ die, urihonored, unknoVv'n, a purposes. When these siàtemetiti- Visitors to the corirtroom were we can accept the widespread accounts as fairly names of intelligent, highly res­ son, old time Stalinist Negro leader who has suc­ lision between one and the1 failure. Ndw we are not a fail­ were proven false, the behavior of Searched. Bomb scares were accurate. "t pected people of means and social cessfully weathered a half dozen changes ih the other. We fraternize the people ure. This is our career arid our the meri was entered into the thròwn out. “Witnesses” for the First of all Hopklris reported that the Red station who considered the con­ Communist Party line without blinking an eye, with the books, with the liter- triumph. Never iri odr frill life couft 'as “coriàeioudrièss Of giiilt” pfOSecution poured oiit fantastic Army was still intact as a fighting force. The viction a miscarriage of American attempted to identify the sentiments of the Ame­ a t u r e. You persecute the could We hope id do such Work arid their explanations etiti rely' and obviously perjured testimony; High Command of the Russian army was still justice’. They fired the attorney rican Negro people with the views of Stalinism. people, tyrannize them and kill fof tolerance, for justice, for disregarded. Witnesses foi- thè defense Were functioning well, and this command was in un­ for the men — a fighting west­ man’s Understanding of man as fetrori/.ed arid firèd fforii fbèli interrupted communication with the Soviet gov­ According to the Daily Worker, Pattersoh, thém. We try the education of They admitted having tried to erner connected with a number of job's after testifying. Snobbery arie' ernment in Moscow. That is all to the good, of who was speaking at a rally with William Poster people always. You try to put now we do by accidehf. Our borrow a friend’s Buick car, which I.W.W. eases. To them his pres­ hatred of the foreign-horn and tin course. This item in (he report was intended to to whoop it up for Roosevelt’s waf plans, “pointed a path between us and some words—our lives-—orir pains— happened to resemble the one ence in court was an affront to “agitator” thickened the ritmo reassure those reactionaries who were using the out that the Negro people were behihd the war other nationality that hates nothing! The taking of 6'rif uséd in the South Baintree crime, the culture and dignity of Judge- sphere. The prejudice of Judge argument that any aid given to Stalin would not because it was a war against slavery just as each other. That’s why I am lives— lives of a good shoe­ ffi’is car, the “consciousness of Thayer. He was replaced by a man Thayer Appalled even his reaction only be useless, but actually harmful since whrit much as the war of 1861.” here today on this bench, for maker and a poor fish peddler guilt,” and the “foreign" appear­ whose cultural background did not àrÿ associates. was sent might soon fall into the hands of the vic­ having been of the oppressed — all! That last moment belorigS ance and behavior of the men, clash With tlie judge’s. He said, “This is Orir war. Black America clriss. Well, you are the Oppres­ to us— that agoriy Ik our After five hours’ deliberation O’ torious Hitler. constituted tlic bulk of the case The I.L.D. fought with revolu­ will play its part today just as it did in 1776 sor!” triuriiph!” th'e’ mountainous record of testi- Even the more recent retreats of the Red Arm?-, against them. tionary vigor. Street demonstra­ and again in 1861.” tiiOriy, cross-questionirtg arid de particularly from the Ukraine, and the threat to tions were organized not only in THÈ VICTIMS : h'tite, the jury returned a verdict Leningrad, are not looked upon as menacing the BACKGROUND OF THE CASE: aroused Italian workers in every every American industrial center We do not care at this point to enter into a of guilty and sentenced the two continuance of Russian resistance to Hitler. The At the end of World War I, city. In the neighborhood of Bos­ Nicola Sacco was a skilled shoe- but in every oily were there was discussion of why Patterson and James Ford say rfien to death in the electric chair. seizure of the Ukraine by the German army and upon the demobilization of the ton, two friends of Salsedo’s, Nic­ wrirker, active in union organiza­ an organized proletariat. Moscow, such things today and why they are trying to the possible fall of i ’.ie great industrial district A E F, a crisis hit American eco­ ola Sacco and Bartolomeo Van­ tion among his fellow-workers. London, Berlin. Baris, Vienna, round up the Negro people for support of the THÉ SEVEN-YEAR DEFENSE: about and in Leningrad, will be very grave blows nomy. Unemployment and starva­ zetti, prepared to conduct an in­ Bartolomeo Vanzetti was a fish Canton, Shanghai, Rio de Janeiro, war. Everybody who keeps up with them knows The more alert organizations of at the Red Army and ¡it Soviet Russia, but they tion led first to panic and then vestigation into Sàlsèdo’s violent peddler, seriously devoted to the Sydney — all of these and more that three months ago they were calling Walter the working class — militant will not be immediately fatal. It seems quite to unrest among the workers. To death and to urge their comràdés radical education and organiza­ shook with demonstrations against White and William Pickens and A. Philip Ran­ trade unions and radical political certain by now that the war in Russia will con­ crush the rebellious spirit of the to protect themselves against sim­ tion of Italian workers. He was parties — sensed at once that this American class justice. In Paris, dolph all kinds of names because they were try­ tinue during the coming winter. masses, the federal government ilar outrages. an avid student of revolutionary case was something beyond the the proletariat threatened to take ing to get the Negroes to support the war. And The second point in the Hopkins report is launched a vicious assault upon philosophy. simple framing of two Italian the Airierican consulate building that they would still be doing this except that the BASIS OF THE FRAMEUP: also all to the good. It is certainly clear that trade unions and radical organiza­ workers; that it wàs tin act oí apart brick by brick. The names Soviet Union was attacked by Hitler, and the THE TRIALS: Hitler had banked on two false premises. First tions and especially against those On December 24, 1919, at Bridge- terrór on the part of the hour-’ of Sacco and Vanzetti became the Stalinists, instead of continuing the struggle Of all. be had underestimated the strength of the foreign-born workers who had mil­ water, Massachusetts, a payroll Vanzetti Was rushed to trial for geois state against the working tocsin of an aroused Working class against the ruling class here, are now currying Red Army and its power of resistance. In this itant influence among the unskil­ holdup was attempted by a gang' cofriplicity in the robbery at class. fighting the bourgeois state. favor with them and dropping all opposition to he was not alone. The enemies of Russia hoped led in the basic industries of the of bandits driving a BuiCk car. the capitalists and their treatment of Negroes. Bridgewater. He was bewildered Thè liberal American bourgeoisie Fof Seven years the fight raged. that the purges of the commanding staffs of the country. Headquarters were wreck- On April 15, 1920, at South at the conduct of thè trial and was horrified at the crass miseOn Motions for a new trial were de­ Red Army carried out by Stalin solely as a pre- Even less room do We have to devote to the 'ed, meetings broken up, homes Baintree, Massachusetts, a success­ was foolishly not permitted by fits ddet of the case. It organized for nied; higher courts of the State ventive measure to maintain himself in power, preposterous idea that the masses of Negroes raided, workers mercilessly beaten ful payroll robbery resulted in the the' defense of' two ririfortu’nate of Massachueits upheld tlieir had so undermined tire Red Army and so be­ are supporters of the war plans of the govern­ and subjected to “third-degree” attorney to testify iri his Own de­ fatal shooting of Frederick A. Par- Italians. Judge Tha'yèr; Governor Alvan T. headed it that it would prove an easy victim for ment. Anyone who is not blind or dishonest tortures. This brutal period is meriter, paymaster, arid Alexander fense. Witnesses Offered perjured Fuller reviewed the case and stood the fascists. admits that of all groups the Negroes are the known in labor history as the time testlmoriy fof tfie pYOSecutiori; the Two defence committees launch­ Berardelli. guard, fot thè Slater behind his class brother, denying But Hitler had not only miscalculated con­ least enthusiastic about this war that will be of the Palmer raids, named for and Morrill shoe plant. This hold­ testirrioriy of itine witnèss'es who' ed their campaigns: the Sacco- a pardon. The liberals on the cerning the strength of the Red Army. He had fought with Jim Crow airplanes and a Jim CroW the then Attorney-General of the up Was also conducted by a gang testified to having bought eels Vanzeiti Defense Committee, Com­ U. S. Supreme Court bench, ex­ also miscalculated concerning the strength of the armed force. Only among people like Pickens, a Uniied States. using a car for their get-away. from Va'rizetti friileS from Britìgè- posed of indignant liberals with pressing a cowardly sympathy reactionary forces in the Soviet Union waiting paid stooge of the government, and now the Water on the day of the crime Eugène Lyons as secretary; and Among the victims of this at­ with the defendants, refused to for the chance to strike a Wow at the USSR. Stalinists. does one hear the phrase, “This is THE ARRESt: Was disregarded. The court wàs thè' International Labor Defense, tack was an Italian immigrant, stick their nec-ks out and move Hitler had banked on the possibility of a counter­ our war.” On May 5, 1920, Sacco and Van­ viciously anti-rtidicai and tiriti-' With James r . Cannon as secre­ Andrea Salscdo, whose body to review the case. revolution directed against Stalin fdr the restora­ zetti were arrhsted as they rode tiiien; Cotivietion with a fifteeti- tary. What we do want to discuss is not Whether jaiil seritèrice resulted. tion of capitalism. Hopkins therefore brings the huriled fourteen stories to a New on a streetcar in Brockton, Mas­ year THE COUNTER-CAMPAIGN . • ‘Vi. th'è Negroès now think this is their war— an The Defense Committee oriented réassuranteiffliat no such Fifth Column movement York pavement qji May 3, 1920, sachusetts, on their ^yay to the OF THE BOURGEOISIE: idea which they may accept in the future as a- Later developrfcents made it itself on the^eourtr, record.i-It pub­ materiaUBeri and that the whole Soviet Union is after a “third degree” question­ homes’ of sofn’e^of tlffeir Italian clear that this conviction on a The ruling class was frightened rèStiÎt of the pressure and pl-ojbagdnda of the licized the flagrant errors arid united in the courageous struggle against the ing by the police. The crime comrades to organize a meeting lesser charge was- secured in or- evidèncés of prejudices on the It resorted as always to terror Uncle Toms and Stalinists— but whether they fascist foe. and further frameup. Black-jacks should think so. arid night sticks, even tear-gas Hopkins and the Purges What the War W ill Mean (then relatively untested in civil­ Had Hopkins stopped there, we might not have \ ian disorders) were given a good taken the trouble to comment on wliat is obvious. W hat is the war about? Is it a war for democ­ TROTSKYISM LIVES work-out on the demonstrators. But tlie second point is tied up with a third. racy ? The capitalist governments that claim it (Continued frOiri page 3) and we arè gOirig tò continué to' be guilty Of that éfirrie ás long ás Mysterious, tinexploded bombs The third one is an attempt to "explain” the is do not seem very much worried about democ­ government, Roosevelt wouldn’t be indicting us, he would have we live, Whether we are iñ jàil or out of jail! Were "discovered” under circum­ others. It is also an attempt to lend iwlitical racy in their colonies or at home. The politicians been disposed of a long time ago. If we were strong enough to "The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the advice and direc­ stances that cast a shadow on m il­ aid to Stalin — for a return in kind! What who are beating the war drums the loudest in threaten the Democrats or Republicans or the fascists, they would tions of Lenin and Trotsky’’— yes. that is What we stand for. itant workers. “ Anarchists” and brought about, tlie “unity” of the Soviet Union in the desperate struggle against the fascists? this country, the southern poll taxers, have not be indicting 29 people. Things would be at a far more serious And that is the only Way of salvation for America! We know we "bolsheviks” were uncovered in Hopkins tells us that it was Stalin’s remarkable never been known to seek any democracy for the pass, and the social crisis and the rise of fascism would have are right, and we know that nobody can stop us. No Roosevelt every alley. Sacco and Vanzetti foresight in ridding himself of all “dissident” Negroes and poor white workers. The British developed to à pòirit where the trarisitory figure of Roosevelt and no Biddle and their whole hypocritical treacherous gang can were almost forgotten and the as­ and oppositional elements in the period before imperialists who oppress, shoot and arrest the would have been èxpùnged from’ the political scene. The Social stop the march of history that is represented by the fourth in ­ sault of the-'state went directly H itler’s march into Russia. colored people in the colonies, are not much in­ democratic philistiries pretend nOt to know that revolutionists ternational. This rotten bourgeois democracy, trying to crush our where it was intended — to the In this fashion Hopkins tries to uphold Stalin’s terested in democracy in those countries either. who are persecuted and put in prison are always minority groups, movement in this prosecution, will deal itself Some blows front organized working class. band in regard to all the purges and all the in­ as a rule small minorities. Whòri we get big enough, we won’t let which it V ili never recover. It will bé exposed iti thé eÿês of tens No, it is simply a war for profits, for Almost two years before the ex­ famous Moscow trials. The Stalinists brazenly them put us iri prison. of thousands of workers as a rotten, hypocritical fraud. colonies, for markets to sell goods. Britain ecution, a fellow prisoner, Celes­ asserted after every purge that Stalin had The prosecution is no joke for us. The Haymarket martyrs A year after Trotsky’s death we rèiriember his words and the United States have control of these tino F. Madèiro, Corifessed to Van­ strengthened (lie Soviet Union, not weakened it. represented a group no bigger than we. Sacco- and Vanzetti rep­ ánd we remain faithfiil to his teachings, inspired by his mem­ markets and colonies today, while the Nazis zetti and the police that he had They resorted to the fakery of amalgams, class­ resented a very small group. The IW ÌV in 1917 was by no means ory. We will have our say at the trial to Messrs. Roosevelt want to get them to exploit themselves. been involved in the South Brain­ ing together the revolutionists with {he counter- a powerful, iriillion-strohg movement. Neither were the pioneer and Biddle áhd their war party. We will go into the Court and tree murders. He sWore that 'revolutionists. All opposition to the murderous Who will gain from the war? The bosses in CoVninunists in 1919-20. All the cases in American history of per­ and answer to their indictments not as defendants b'Ut dé neither Sacco nor Vanzetti was Stalin was made to appear as opposition to the the countries that win will be able to exploit secution. of workers being arrested and thrown into jail and accusers, accusers of them and of the system that they rep­ implicated and although he de­ Soviet Union. the masses of the world. They will try to disarm penitentiaries for long terms have always been eases involving resent. We will put them on trial and acé’tfse thèfrt Of Conspir­ clined to itami any of the parti­ Hopkins wants us at this late date to accept the other bandits so that they continue this ex­ small groups; fi-otri the point of view of the relationship of acy against mankind by trying id pliirtgé thè people into cipants, the police were able to this long-exposed Stalinist version. He wants us ploitation for as long as possible. That will be forces, “fantastically” Small. a'nòther war, a war which will devotir people by million^ and identify them as members of a to believe that the present unity of the Soviet the kind of "peace” they will give us. One thing The F B I is not jokirig in orir case. They know very well destroy a large part of the cultural heritage of civilizçd certain Morelli gang which oper­ workers qnd peasants against Hitler, is the same' is sure: under neither imperialist rule will the that We were nb't “Còrtsplfirig” to Overthrow the government. people accumulated through so many centuries. ate^ in the neighborhood of Bos­ thing às cofnplete support of Stalin, past and colonial people of Africa, India, etc., be given That is the fraitiè-op ptirt Of the indictment. And frame-up We' shall go into thé éouf't confident Because Wè Tfdtshyists ton. Despite this spectacular turn present. Nothing Could be more false. freedom or security. is an inseparable part of ArilèfiéaA bourgeois justice. Why, have no doubt Of oUr historic mission. Wé have no doubt of the' in the case, a new trial was de­ The Soviet masses understand very well that What will the war bring the Negroes? Tem­ do you remenibèr, it is ju'tit fiftè'eti years ago tonight that destifiy Of the ciáás tèe ré present tò be victorious. And we know nied and Madeiros died in the the hordes of Hitler are the worst and most dan­ porarily it may bring a few jobs that Will be Sacco arid Vart'ze'tti, two very good and honest frierids of the wc are the only party that can féprèscnt this class. electric chair with Sacco and Van­ gerous enemy to the Soviet Union. Their fight zetti. vacated by white workers getting into the ex­ ri-orkirig class, forfeited (Heir lives to Ariiericari justice? TtlE ALTERNATIVE: SOCIALISM OR FASCISM is now directed against this fascist imperialist Fifteen years ago tonipffit they tvere piit to death iri Massa­ that, threatens to deprive them of the last, most panding war industries. It will bring insult and Comrade Trotsky himself had á Vast contempt for all other THE ÈXECÙTION: chusetts on an absolutely false conviction for crimes they had fundamental conquests of the October Revolution segregation and death to large numbers of young political organization's whether bourgeois or petty-bourgeois or Twice, the fury of an arous­ rio connection With. —the nationalized property and the monopoly of Negroes. It will bring increased prices and a so'-càlied worlcers pártiés. fñ oui- last meeting with Him' a little ed Working class forced the State The most outstanding cases of persecution of labor people foreign trade. For the time being, until this lowered standard of living for 95% of the Neg­ more than a year ago we took occasion to discuss thèse questions Of Massachusetts to grant a re­ and unpopular sects in Anterióri have always been frame-ups. fight against the main enemy is settled, or is near roes. And then when the war is over, it will bring with him—hOw in spite Of all their adaptation and compromises, prieve, once to the week of August The real crirri'e iri orir case is quite clear. It is only the sceptics, completion, the masses continue to t-olerate Stal­ the biggest depression in history, in which as the reformist arid centrist pártiés couldn’t make any headway 10 arid again fo August 22, 1927. the wisèàcrès on the fringes of the movement, the apologists for inism. usual the Negroes Will suffer the greatest hard­ in this countfÿ. HoW thè singlé party that showed continuous, the Roosevelt administration— ortly srich people profess ignorance A wild hope surged in the breast ships. After that there will be only the prospect even if modest, gíoWth ánd stability, and retained its self-con­ Hopkins Hates October Too as to what it is all about. Thè prosecutors know what our real of the proletariat. Its sense of of World War III. fidence, is OUr party— the party of Trotskyism. He said these Evidently Stalin docs not believe his own lies' crime is. They have absent-mindedly put it in the indictment in power and determination to fight other pártiés aré cornplételÿ hopeless because they all stand on greW. For a while it forgot that about the nature of the unified struggle against All we neèd do is state the problem as one place, to remove any doubt. Paragraph 12 of the first count ground that is crumbling âwaÿ beneath their féet—-the ground the bourgeois state was still or. Hitler. For lie is preparing betimes, while the at­ simply as that,' and the answer is obvions: of the indictment gives the real crime of the SWP and the leaders of bourgeois democracy. Théy dû not stand on_the roCk of princ-' top and believed that the two sym­ tention of the workers is completely taken up by the Negro people, least of all, have any of Local 544. If you haven’t read it, I advise you to read the whole iple which alone could assure their fUturé. Thèy sUffèr by sym­ bols of working class strength the life-and-death struggle against Hitler, to takè reason to say, “This is our war.” indictment in the August issue of the “Fourth International.” pathetic action from all the diseases of bourgeois democracy and and revenge might be released. all measures against any later attempts at his own. We are not claiming that this answer solves THE PRINCIPLES OF LENIN AND TROTSKY must perish with it. One blow of war can disperse their parties. removal. That is shown by the establishing of the The World-Wide demonstrations war dictatorship and the renewed attempt to set all the problems of the Negroes. It is clear that Paragraph 12 reads: The'"real alternatives tri America are Roosevelt’s party— fòr the tWo men Were climaxed in tip GPU control of the armed forces. it doesn’t. It can tell the Negroes what they “12. The said defendants arid their co-conspirators Or we. That is what Comrade Trotsky said to our delegation a magnificent wave on the night Why did Hopkins give Salin this political sup­ shouldn’t do willingly, but that isn’t enough. Would, and they did. accept aS the ideal formula for the a year ago. Arid theit He corrected himself and said, that is of August 22. Tèfls of thousands port? Because he and Stalin have a common MTars Can’t be prevented just because the workers carrying out of théir said objectives the Russian Revolution riot exactly precise. Because RooséVélt’s party is a transitory of detiionstrators milled through enemy—the October Revolution, the revolution of, don’t want them, because as long as the capi­ of 1917. whereby the then existing Government of Rùssia was thing Which Will he ground to bits às the social crisis devel­ the streets of the citadels of capi­ the working class. Roosevelt-Churchill have made talists hold economic and political power, they overthrown by force and violértce, ànd the principles, teach­ ops. Thè real alternative ih America, the reaí show-down, will talism, waiting for midnight. The it clear that they intend exacting from Stalin the- can force the workers into their wars even ings. writings, Counsel and advice oI the leaders of that revo­ b'e between the American fascists and the American Fourth police were apprehensive. At 12:19 promise (as though.that were in his power!) that against their will. lution1. chiefly of V. I. Leniti arid Leon Trotsky, would be, Internationalists. the news flashed that Sacco was he will not attempt to foster any western Euro­ But nevertheless the Negro must hold fast and they Wèfe. looked to, felled On, followed and held out to Wè belièVé that, and Wé ârè sûre of our right to victory. dead. Five minutes of stunned pean revolution during or after the present war.. to his position: this is not his war, it is a war others as eatèchisitis and textbooks directing the manner and Histoi-icàl progress is nPt finished, but ori the contrary is only silence gripped the masses of wait­ Clearly also the “Allies” fear any possibility of for the bosses who Jim Crow him. He may be means by Which the aforestiid aitn of the defendants could, beginning. Contrade Trófsky taught Us to béliévè that. He taught ing workers unti) word caritè that the resurgence of the revolution in Soviet Russia forced to fight in it, but unwillingly and with and would be, accomplished; and aècordingly, certain of the us té béíiéye in man, ¿fid his cOnimuriist future. The rriemory of Vanzetti too had been burned to itself. They know very well (hat they can rely the understanding that it is not in his interests. defendants would, and they did. g0 from the City of Min­ Trotsky, of áll that he wás and áll that he left to us, thè mari, death by the class enemy. The on Stalin to do everything possible to prevent- Only if he understands this, can he really fight the teacher, thè eòmra'dé; thé mémOry of Trotsky which wc arid neapolis, State and District of Minnesota, and from other silèrice broke in a torrent Of rage th:s. Thus Roosevelt and Stalin are showing a. in his.: own interests by supporting a different those who come after us will keep forever green, is our strongest cities in the United States to Mexico City, Mexico, there to and a bitter resolve that, the united purpose to aim blows not only against support, our greatest heritage. Holding on to that heritage, wè kind of war. advise with and to receive the advife, counsel, guidance, and riatiies of the two great martyrs Hitler but against the revolutionary workers-. Next week we will discuss the kind of war directions of the said Leon Trotsky.” ourselves are strong and invincible. We can face any persecu­ of labor must be inscribed on the Stalin lias already givep evidence that he wili thè Negro people should support, as well as the Count 12—that- is right. That point is no frameup. That is tion, wè cari face any foe, with confidence that the future belongs red banners under which the continue ills "purges” of revolutionists even dur-, reference by Patterson to the Negro’* role in no false accusation. That is what th^y really accuse us of, and to ùs. The futriré belongs to tfië fourth International which has working class marches to its final ing the present, war. In this he will have the full" the wars of 1776 and 1861. r that is what we are really guilty of! And we are proud of it, the name of Trotsky written ori its Bànner! victory. support of the “Allies.” 6 THE MILITANT AUGUST 30, 1941

mandeers the plant at Kearny and might even give the Workers what they are striking for although that is highly questionable. How The Bolsheviks THE MILITANT In the California case the blame for the seizure Where was laid upon the strikers. In Kearny the blame Formerly the SOCIALIST APPEAL' is laid upon the Company. Many workers, we fear, Defended Petrograd will be fooled by this show of impartiality. We Stand VOL. V— No. 35 Saturday, August 30, 1941 But let us remember that in California the By Albert Goldman Published Weekly by strikers did not want the use of troops— they were In 1919 The Soviet Workers Defeated The Attacks Of Yudenich THE MILITANT PUBLISHING ASS’N bitterly opposed to it. In Kearny the President By Following The Revolutionary Policies Of Lenin And Trotsky at 116 University Place, New York, N. Y. of the Company asked the government to take Telephone: A lgonquin 4-8547 over the plant. In the one case the President broke Tjwenty-two years ago, in October' 1919, Petrograd— re -* H itler’s Motives in Attacking Soviet Union Editor: machine guns.” The spirit of a strike and in the other the President relieved named Leningrad in 1924— was threatened by an army of im­ The Stalinists are very anxious to prove that H it­ FELIX MORROW 1919 is still alive among the perialist brigands. One of the chief inspirers of this assault was ler is not telling the truth when he claims that the the employers of an embarrassing position. workers, wdmen and children of Business Manager: none other than Churchill, who recognized in August, 1919 the German armies have attacked the Soviet Union in What does the company lose by the govern­ Leningrad. LYDIA BEIDEL “Northwest Government” of the Czarist General Yudenich; who order to wipe communism from the face of the earth. ment’s action in taking over the plant? It loses In 1919, as today, the city was Subscriptions: J2.00 per year; *1.00 for six months. financed and supplied Yudenich’s army and promised him the Their anxiety springs from the justifiable suspicion Foreign: *2.00 per year, *1.50 for six months. Bundlo none of its profits. All of the top managers will turned into a fortress. Petrograd aid of the British fleet. Churchill and Co. also planned to provide that the Soviet Union is far from being considered BjxJots : * cents per copy in the United States; 4 oents be retained. Actually it avoids giving in to the was divided into sections under p e r co p y in all foreign countries. Single copies: * oents. Yudenich with the support of Estonia and Finland. The Estonian as an ally of the imperialist democracies with equal union at a time when the union is at its strongest. the command of specially appoint­ and Finnish bourgeoisie were more than willing but this plan rights and privileges of all other allies. While the After the emergency is over, the company will get ed staffs. The vital points were “ Reentered ns second class matter February 13. 1M1 was disrupted by Yudenich’s stubborn refusal to recognize the dominant section of the ruling classes of Great Britain a t the post office at New York. N. V.. under the Act of its plant back and then it will be in a better posi­ surrounded by barbed wires; posi M arch 3. 187».’ ’ independence of Esthonia and®------and the United States consider fascist Germany, at tions for artillery emplacements tion to fight the union. Finland. in Moscow’s dispatches. the present time, to be the main enemy of the im­ were chosen and prepared; all Yudenich’s offensive — timed to On October 17, Trotsky arrived perialist democracies, there are powerful forces in Obviously the employers are not happy about canals and squares, each fence, coincide with Denikin’s drive on in Petrograd. Detachments of the “seizure.” They would prefer to have Roose­ each yard, each house, was turned both countries, especially in the United States, that Moscow from the South — began tested Communists and battalions To defend the USSR as the main velt break the strike as he did in Inglewood, Cali­ into a stronghold; barricades were would gladly come to some understanding with H itler on October 11, 1919 with the oc­ of workers marched to the front. fornia. But Roosevelt, in this respect, is much erected In streets and avenues and permit him to do almost anything he wants with cupation of Yaniburg. The Soviet The commanding staff responsible fortress of the world proletariat, more clever than the employers in whose interests trenches were dug in the suburbs the Soviet Union. armies retreated in disorder, with­ for the retreat was replaced. The It is not very difficult to prove that Hitler, in he governs. By his act in taking over the plant in out almost a show of resistance, and along the Neva. people and the whole world were attacking the Soviet Union, did not do so merely against all assaults of world imperial­ New Jersey he has placed hirpself in a better posi­ abandoning arms and supplies. But unlike today, when Stalin told the truth. because he is the champion crusader against com­ tion to crack down on strikers in the future. The situation seemed so hopeless speaks of “Holy Russia,” in 1919 On October 18, Trotsky issued munism; his claim to be fighting communism is prim­ ism and of internal counter-revolution, that even Lenin favored the eva­ the revolution raised high its un The workers should not be fooled by Roose­ an order “not to send in false re­ arily for the purpose of rallying the sympathies of cuation of Petrograd. It was Trot­ conquerable class banner. On Oc­ velt’s action. They should not be satisfied with a ports of hard fights when the ac­ all the reactionaries in the imperialist democracies is the most important duty of every sky who .insisted on a last-ditch tober 20 Trotsky Issued the fol seizure which, in actuality, puts the government tual truth was hitter panic. Lies and thus dividing his opponents. Both Churchill and defense of this key city of the lowing order: into the plant as an agent of the employer to run will he punished as treason. M ili­ Roosevelt see through his scheme and are not taken class conscious worker. revolution and northern gateway “Red Army Soldiers! Com­ the plant in the interest of the employer. They tary work admits errors but not in by it. As realistic politicians they are willing to to Moscow. On the night of Oc­ manders! Commissars! Tomor­ should demand that the government expropriate lies, deception and sell-deception accept the help of anybody against their most danger­ —LEON TROTSKY tober 15 — when Yudenich had al­ row will decide the fate of Pet- It is possible to correct mistakes ous immediate enemy. the plant and that it be operated under the control ready reached the very outskirts - rograd . . . Remember that the but the lie which spreads upwards What Hitler, representing German imperialist in­ of the workers. of Petrograd — Trotsky’s resolu­ great honor of defending the from below -can produce only lies terests is after, is the resources of the Soviet Union. tion to defend Petrograd was city where the workers' and JOIN US IN FIGHTING FOR: which seep doumward from the But these resources can not be obtained without first adopted at the session of the PoKt- peasants’ revolution was born tops.” Stalin’s regime rests on destroying the foundations of socialism laid by the 1. M ilitary training of workers, financed bureau, attended by Lenin, Trot­ has fallen to your lot. Yes, Churchill, You such lies. October Revolution. Hitler is not fighting communism sky, Stalin, Kamenev, Krestinsky. Forward! by the government, but under control The masses of Petrograd res­ in the abstract, but he is fighting the proletarian Kalinin, and Serebryakov. Stalin We are taking the offensive! of the trade unions. Special officers’ ponded to the revolutionary sum­ revolution as embodied in the nationalized property A re Presumptuous has left only Kalinin among the Death to the hirelings of im­ training camps, financed by the gov­ mons for struggle. In his auto­ of the Soviet Union. While German capitalism is in­ living. perialism! If Churchill or Roosevelt or Hitler would only biography Trotsky recalls: terested in destroying all possible opposition, whether ernment but controlled by the trade Trotsky’s defense of Petrograd Long live Red Petrograd!” confine themselves, in their speeches, to criticizing “Detachments of men a n d it comes from the Soviet Union or from Great Britain, unions, to train workers to become was organized not by decree from the words and deeds of their opponents they would women with trenching-tools on in the case of the Soviet Union there is the added the top — as Stalin is now doing It is this banner of the inter o ffic e rs . then come near to speaking nothing but the truth. their shoulders filed out of the incentive of destroying a state that prevents the re­ — but through the mass organiza I national revolution that still in 2. Trade union wages for all workers When Hitler unmasks the hypocrisies of mills and factories. The workers turn of capitalism. Whatever H itler’s motives may tions of the Soviet proletariat and spires the heroic defenders of Churchill and Roosevelt there is very little that is of Petrograd looked badly then; be, however, the results of his possible victory would drafted into the army. peasantry. The Moscow and Pe­ Leningrad today. their faces were gray from under­ be to destroy everything that remains of the October 3. Full equality for Negroes in the armed false in his speech. When Churchill and Roosevelt trograd Soviets were immediately Yudenich never reached Petro nourishment, their clothes were in Revolution. show what a liar and cheat Hitler is they utter convened. (On October 19, when grad. On October 22, 1919, one forces and the war industries— Down tatters; their shoes, sometimes From the premise that Hitler misrepresents his words of wisdom and truth. the situation was gravest, Trotsky not even mates, were gaping with week after Trotsky’s resolution with Jim Crowism everywhere. real motives in attacking the Soviet Union, the Stalin­ It is when the leaders of these imperialist coun­ made a report to the Petrograd holes. was adopted by the Politbureau, 4. A peoples’ referendum on any and all ists draw the fanciful conclusion that the Trotsky­ tries speak of their own aims and purposes that Soviet of Workers' and Peasants’ the Red Army and the workers “ ‘We will not give up Petro­ ists who contend that the Soviet Union should con­ wars. they stray far from the truth. A world of hard Deputies.) It was through the of Petrograd occupied Pavlovsk grad, comrades! duct this war in the interests of socialism are helping 5. Confiscation of all war profits. Expro­ facts rises to refute them. party and the trade unions—as and Detskoye Selo, and the rout “ ‘No!’ The eyes of the Hitler. In the article by Milton Howard in the Daily priation of all war industries and their In his speech on Sunday, August 24, Churchill, Trotsky's resolution specified — of Yudenich’s army followed that a registration was immedi­ women burned with especial Worker of August 16, where he urges the government operation under workers’ control. referring to his conference with Roosevelt on the shortly. ately carried out "listing every fervor . . . ‘No, we won’t give it The defenders of Leningrad to change the character of the indictment against Atlantic Ocean, asks rhetorically: “Would it be 6. For a rising scale of wages to meet the member of the party, of the Soviet up,’ the high-pitched voices of must not be deprived today of the Minneapolis defendants, he presents the follow­ rising cost of living. presumptuous for me to say that it symbolizes institutions and the trades unions, the women cried in answer and their greatest weapon against im­ ing gem: “They (the Trotskyists) play with words 7. Workers Defense Guards against vig­ something even more majestic, namely, the mar­ with a view to using them for they grasped their spades like perialism attack — the banner of about defending the Soviet Union on the ground that the present war is a war for world communism. This ilante and fascist attacks. shalling of the good forces of the world against the m ilitary service.” Today these rifles. Many of them actually Petrograd in 1919, the banner of evil forces, etc . . . ” Our answer is: Of course it is mass organizations ho longer ex­ armed themselves with rifles, is how they try to carry on in their own way Goeb- 8. An Independent Labor Party based on Lenin and Trotsky, the banner of presumptuous. And not only presumptuous but a ist. They are not even mentioned or took their places at the the Socialist Revolution. bels’ propaganda in this country that H itler is con­ the Trade Unions. lie, nothing but a lie. ducting a war against Communism and should there­ 9. A Workers’ and Farmers’ Govern­ What “good forces” does British imperialism fore be supported by all who are not for Communism.” We could point out to the Stalinists that from m e n t. represent? The forces that keep millions of Indians their viewpoint the Trotskyists are really helping and Africans in subjection are (to use the words of French Workers Fight the Soviet Union. Since the Trotskyists, according Churchill) just as wicked and evil as the forces to Howard, are attacking Stalin for not waging a Revolutionary Policy represented by Hitler. “war for Communism,” it follows that they help When Churchill pictures the English-speaking Against Petain Terror Stalin convince the capitalist world of that very fact. nations as undertaking “without any clog of self­ Our attack on Stalin should then be welcomed by, Can Bring Victory ish interest to lead the broad toiling masses in all By M IC H A E L CORT ® - the Stalinists. The fact that the Stalinists consider An intensified terror is now descending upon France. Last us their main enemies shows that we are not doing (Continued from page 1) continents . . . back to the broad high road of free­ turn upon the Soviet Union that dom and justice” the hypocrisy of it leaves us week the stirrings of the French proletariat and of sections of the their rear is gravely threatened. what they say we are but that we are criticizing to move forward and regain all that has been taken middle class thoroughly frightened and enraged the German Stalin’s method of ’conducting this war from a dif­ breathless. The leader of an imperialist nation There can be no question that from it by the Stalinist reaction. forces of occupation and their French satellites in unoccupied ferent and a really effective approach. that has enslaved the masses is not the one to lead to a large degree these acts of The program for victory presented by our party territory. Are we asking that the Soviet Union conduct a them out of slavery. sabotage are blows being struck can be realized in life through the action of the After 16 months of vain pleas to the people for “under­ war for communism? That would indicate that the Stick to criticizing Hitler, M r. Churchill, and in defense of the workers’ jstate. Soviet masses themselves. We urge the uncondi­ standing and cooperation,” neither the Nazis nor Petain any Soviet Union should do on its side what the Nazis nothing more. You will then be somewhat close to French workers are aiding their are doing on their side, that is, compel the various tional defense of the Soviet Union against imper­ longer attempt to maintain the fiction that their rule finds mass- proletarian brothers in the Soviet the truth. As for your own purposes, conceal them support. The latest expressions o f*------peoples and nations of the world, by force and vio­ ialist attack as the elementary duty of the working Union. The Stalinists have, of and say nothing about them. They cannot stand French worker militancy have lence. to' adopt the system which they stand for. The class. The stubborn resistance of the Red Army and been appropriated by the Germans. course, utilized this militancy. the light of day. forced an end to all pretense. Nazis are claiming to fight for a “new order.” Aside the mass rising of the urban proletariat demon­ Rolling stock, farm produce, capi­ But as always they are using it from the fact that in reality they are fighting to strate how both recognize the necessity for defend­ Gen. von Schaumburg, Nazi war tal and consumer goods of all only to further the aims of Stal­ kinds, machinery, and even entire establish the dominant position of German capital­ ing to the last ditch the remaining achievements of lord of Paris, announced last week in’s foreign policy. Biddle Is Rewarded that all French prisoners would factories and sections of the pop­ ism all over the world, they are trying to shove this their revolution. The Russian workers exhibit no The Stalinists have joined henceforth be considered “host­ ulation, have been torn from the new order of theirs down the throats of all the signs of defeatism. Such renegacy belongs to the Francis H. Biddle has received his reward for forces with the partisans of Gen­ ages” and would be shot in num­ country and transported to the peoples. It is on record that the Trotskyists have petty-bourgeois radicals in the capitalst countries. being faithful to Roosevelt. He has been nominated eral de Gaulle. They have formed bers corresponding to the gravity Reich. Frenchmen work at forced always opposed any attempt to compel any nation the broadest sort of Popular Front The independent revolutionary proletariat as Attorney-General by the President. of any future acts of sabotage labor in French mines and fields to adopt the principles of socialism. It is on record This gives them the initial ad is moving to the forefront in _ the Soviet The latest act of Biddle by which he showed committed by “Communists.” to produce for the German war that whereas the Stalinists defended the invasions of. Union on the wave of a resurgent revo­ machine. The conditions of the vantage of greater strength in Poland and Finland partly on the ground that they his willingness to carry out orders was to arrange 11,000 “communist Jews” were numbers, but it also plunges the lutionary tide. This class movement imparts a new masses has worsened literally subsequently nationalized property in those countries, arrested in Paris alone, a week for the prosecution of members of the Socialist from hour to hour. proletariat into the quagmire of the Trotskyists condemned those invasions. dynamic force to the defense of the workers’ state. ago Monday, Tuesday and Wed­ opportunism and class eollabora- W hat we say is that on the part of the Soviet This can be the beginning of the renewal of the Workers Party and leaders of the C IO truck driv­ nesday. The French capitalists have tionism. Such policies can produce Union the war should be waged in such a manner Russian Revolution. ers’ local in Minneapolis. Roosevelt at the request aided and abetted these crimes reforms — but never a proleta Petain followed suit by creat­ as to get the greatest sympathy and support from The defeats to date are by no means decisive. of Tobin had given the word to Biddle and the against the French people. They rian revolution. ing special m ilitary courts em­ welcomed the “stability" of the the masses the world over. It should be conducted Victory can be won by the Soviet workers with the latter responded immediately. powered, to impose death sent­ German occupying forces. While The de Gaullists, now so unre­ in the interests of socialism because only in that way, following program: The Attorney-Generalship has been vacant for ences upon “terrorists, saboteurs, they were forced to give much servedly embraced byr the Stalin can there be an assurance that the Soviet Union will 1. Release all pro-Soviet prisoners in Stalin’s and communists.” of the plunder to their rival Ger­ ists, hate H iller and Petain be defended successfully. over a month and a half since Robert H. Jackson but that is not enough. They love jails and concentration camps, and restore them Pierre Puncheu, Petain’s Min­ man capitalists, they marked this was elevated to the Supreme Court. Biddle, as Churchill and they love capitalism Real Crime of Stalinists to their rightful place in the armed forces. ister of Interior, liberated from off as the price to be paid in or Solicitor-General and Acting Attorney-General, De Gaulle's program is to conti­ If Hitler can proclaim that he is fighting for a 2. Restore the democratic institutions of the prison thousands of syndicalists der to maintain the remnants oi nue the enslavement of tbe^Frencb new order to be thrust upon the people by force, why working class, including the Soviets and trade- was among the foremost aspirants for the post. A and pacifists who were considered their own power and to prevent masses under (lie rule of “demo­ cannot the Soviet Government proclaim that it favors unions, and give full political freedom to all pro- fierce fight was being waged however behind the anti-communist. This move was the workers from seizing it. Bet cratic” imperialists. The Stalin­ a new order based on socialism and on the right of scenes in administration circles and in the Depart­ officially explained as an attempt ter to share with the German.im- Soviet parties. ists are tied to this program. all peoples all over the world to self determination? ment of Justice against Biddle’s nomination. This to “counteract communist activ­ perialists, even if they got the 3. Return to the international proletarian revo­ Hitler and Petain are enemies If Churchill and Roosevelt have the right to pre­ fight was led by J. Edgar Hoover, head of the ity among the railroad workers.” lion’s share, than to lose it all tc lutionary course of Lenin and Trotsky. of the people. But to fight them sent peace, aims based on the, acceptance of the capi­ F.B.l. The main objection to Biddle was that he the workers — they reasoned. 4. Unfurl the banner of struggle for a Socialist This move by Puncheu is per­ without jat the same time fighting talist order, why cannot the Soviet Government open­ had been too long associated with liberal ideas Today, however, the French and United States of Europe. haps the most revealing of all. I! their misters, the French and ly declare what kind of "an order it believes in? And and would be too lenient in the tasks of repression demonstrates Petain’s complete in­ German oppressors find that ever German capitalists, is a senseless add that it excludes the use of force for the purpose 5. Down with Stalin’s ruinous policies! No the Department of Justice must undertake against ability to regiment and suppress their combined forces are insuf md criminal wasting of proleta­ of compelling any nation to accept that order? faith in imperialist alliances! Rely upon the in­ the labor movement. the workers. He has been unable fleient to curb the population. Ir rian blood. Perhaps it may not be advisable at a certain mo­ dependent power, revolutionary policy and demo­ His willingness to obey the order of Roosevelt to crack their solidarity from spite of the bloody terror, sab A revolutionary situation is ment for the Soviet government to proclaim that the cratic institutions of the Soviet workers and the to prosecute the Socialist Workers Party and Local the top, and so he attempts to do otage has increased. The day fo! once again developing in France. eight points formulated by Roosevelt and Churchill Red Army. In alliance with the international it from the bottom. There is no 544-CIO enabled Biddle to scotch these objec­ lowing Petain’s death decree, i This time the crisis is tied inti­ are a snare and a delusion. But it is certainly not working ciass they can save Leningrad, hurl back likelihood that this maneuver will mately to the struggle of the So- tions, and to prove that he could be as servile a French supply train destined fo' necessary to do what the Stalinist press has done— the fascists, drive oiit the Stalinist bureaucracy succeed any better than the re­ Germany was wrecked in unoc ■iet Union against the fascist in­ tool of repression as any other man. go into raptures over these eight points and create and sweep capitalism off the face of the earth. pressions from above. The “anti­ cupied territory. Nazis conttnui vaders. The French workers have the illusion that their authors are sincere and honest In the gossip column of the New Leader the communists, pacifists,” etc., even to meet sudden death in the work in opportunity to liberate them­ men and that the problem of peace is now solved. assertion was made that Biddle had lessened his if they agree to serve as Petain’s e.rs’ section of Paris. selves, and to strike decisive blows The crime of the Stalinist bureaucracy is not in chances of becoming Attorney-General because of agent-provocateurs, will work in defense of the workers’ state. its unwillingness to “fight for world communism” or. Who Profits At Kearny? among the hostile and aroused The question now arises: wlv the indictment of the Trotskyists. As if the re­ To accomplish this, however, in the fact that it makes practical agreements with masses. This move can only serve this sudden increase in sabotage It was shrewd politics on the part of Rdosevelt sponsibility for the indictment belongs to Biddle the French workers must ever or offers practical concessions to that section of the to enrage them further. Things are bed, true. But the' to order the ;’seizure” of the Federal Shipbuilding and not to his boss Roosevelt! have been bad for some time 'seep in mind the identity of their imperialist world which happens to be on the same and D ry Dock Company plant at Kearny, N. J. For the benefit of those who are unaware of FRENCH CAPITALISTS When Germany was batterin’ enemies. They must fight not only side of the fence as the Soviet Union. Its crime con­ He is now in a position to claim that he is abso­ the fact, it must be told that Biddle was considered AID GERMAN RAPE England from the air. or invad against Hitler and Petain, but sists in the fact that it creates illusions amongst the lutely impartial. He seized the North American quite a liberal. But that only proves that when a France has been raped and ing the Balkans, there were n- against Churchill and Roosevelt masses and that it has used its power to suppress Aviation Company’s plant in California and broke piece of reactionary work needs to be done, it is plundered for 1G long months. such wide-spread disorders ii ind the entire capitalist class. All the class struggle in those imperialist countries that other roads lead only to defeat. are more or less allied with it in a m ilitary way. the strike by the use of troops and now he com­ always best to get a “liberal” to do it. Much of her tangible assets has France. It is only when the Nazis