1

E CITY OF LANDSCAPE

H NES TURAL

ARK LANDS & SQUARES ADELAIDE P CUL ASSESSMENT STUDY Prepared for the CORPORATION OF T DAVID JO OCTOBER 2007 VOLUME 1

ed with sessment Study s David Jones, unless otherwise cited, us ape A ltural Landsc arch & Innovation Ltd e Lands & Squares Cu ofessor David Jones rk 03 4455 Adelaide Pa prepared by Associate Pr through Adelaide Res Adelaide, SA, 5005, Ph 08 83 commissioned by Corporation of the City Adelaide Adelaide, , 5000 October 2007 © Text: David Jones © Images: Corporation of the City Adelaide, permission © Duryea Townsend images: History Trust of South Australia used with permission 3

0.0 CONTENTS Park a

d ence e o een (2007), the ultation that , as prepared an (1999) and the ralian Heritage t Strategy Assessment Study unity cons port: Direction’s for Adelaide’s m ible and intangible extant t resource in its own right. de Park Lands and Squares’ as ysis approach, reviewed in detail l g d significance today. egy Re an of the City Adelaide tes that while the ‘Plan’ itself is of major ment Strat reen lungs’ of the municipality, but als g from both the attribute of the City Adelaide. Within this Pl y the Park Lands and Squares have b ed the nomination for ‘ ministered by the Aus ‘g evolve from this t velopment of each Park Land block and Squares, nage es, identifies tan e years. It unravels the myths and narratives ion of how the Park Lands and Squares had d wh ‘making the Adelai ritage merit of components identified. More as ad al heritage merit an s proposed policy and heritage recommendations, tional cultural heritage criterion. orical de ce that the t our relationship with the Park Lands and Squares nt them t ctions tha a e u n Park Lands Ma ve, and firmly demonstra d managem ations and a o is the process of nity acceptan t of each Park Land block and Square, identified extant evid landscape and will remain a significan n, and wilted over th al and inter a d n w (1999). But what was lackin ey h (2007) provides a remarkable insight into the ‘making of Adelaid (2007) has applied a detailed historical ana 00-2037 unfolds the tapestry of how an e way th of the physical evidence that narrates this ‘making’. developmen t unity resource. 0 ent Study e recommen nds 2 Assessm Assessment Study report itself provides the answers abo how it has changed, gro about the ‘making’ of this EXECUTIVE STATEMENT There is a general commu surveyed by Colonel , is a significant Plan are the Park Lands and Squares that major comm To this end the Corporation successfully sponsor Plan’ to the Register of National Estate, Commission, in 2004. This nomination followed extensive com enabled the development of Park La registration (2004) was a substantive examinat evolved and particularly what was of cultur This Lands and Squares’. It reviews the his considers development a cultural heritage, and assesses the he importantly i developed th cultural significance, so to well as much The the historical of cultural heritage merit. Thereupon it ha including considering the overall context and position of Squares against local, state, nation Whatever th

4 71 76 32 78 73 66 69 64 31

RK

0.0 CONTENTS ) S US) rk Lands 2000-2037 de’s Pa E CAMP C ons for Adelai

ti T OF THE ADELAIDE PA

S E

EN 0s) PM 5-91) O

32)

004) ROPEAN) HISTORY OF THE SITE 2005

-79) DEVEL (1879-88 NIC GARDEN AND BOTANIC PARK d years (1935-39) d years (1890s-194 L ue Movement (1898-1940s) s A Lands Preservation Association (1903+)

rk Lands Act EXTUA d Schomburgk years (186 uction uction am Veale years (1947-65) m Light survey (1836-37) m Pengilly years (1867-83) m O’Brien years (1861-74) r T n Smith year d d Interregnum (1939 N llia llia llia nd Interregnum (1883-99) Park Lands Management Strategy Report: Direc Adelaide Pa st O 1 2 7 2 0 Owen Smyth[e] years (1886-1923) 0 Adelaide Park 9 3rd Interregnum (1979-2 5 Charles Glover years (1917-25) 2 Ebenezer Howar 4 August Pelzer years (1899-19 3 Wattle Day Leag 6 A Stanley Orchar

2.2.18 Willi 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.2 2.2.2 2.0 C LANDS & SQUARES 2.1 ABORIGINAL (PRE-EU 2.1.1 Intro 2.1.2 The People 2.1.3 Kaurna places 2.2 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUAR 2.2.1 Intro 2.2.2 Wi 2.2.3 George Francis years (1849-65) 2.2.4 Wi 2.2.5 Richa 2.2.6 Wi 2.2.7 John Ednie Brown years (1878-90) 2.2.8 Edwi 2.2.9 1 2.2.1 2.2.11 Lewis Cohen years (1890-1923) 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.2.1 2.3 ADELAIDE BOT 2.4 ADELAIDE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS 2.5 GOVERNMENT HOUSE DOMAIN 2.6 2.7 UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE (NORTH TERRA 2.8 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA (CITY EAST CAMPU 2.9 CONTAMINATED SITES

8 7 18 13 28 20 30

3 AIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES:

e ng elaide (1919-present)

City of Ad e City of Adelaide (1869-1965) h TION

CH RESOURCES ment framework Clerks of t s area graphy inology ROUND ODUC owledgements rt structure R ct brief orship n CKG CONTENTS 0.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 INTR 1.1 BA 1.1.1 Proje 1.1.2 Auth 1.1.3 Study 1.1.4 Ackn 1.2 METHOD 1.2.1 Term 1.2.2 Understanding the place 1.2.3 Methodological framework 1.2.4 Repo 1.2.5 Asses 1.2.6 Rankings of cultural significanc 1.3 CONTEXTUAL INFORMATION 1.3.1 Topo 1.3.2 Vegetation 1.3.3 Existing heritage registrations 1.3.4 Landscape management planni 1.4 DEVELOPMENT OF THE ADEL A BRIEF CHRONOLOGY 1.5 CHRONOLOGY OF KEY STAFFING IN THE CORPORATION 1.5.1 Mayors of the City Adelaide (1840-1919) 1.5.2 Lord Mayors of the 1.5.3 Tow 1.5.4 City of Adelaide Parks & Gardens Personnel and their Job Titles (1852-1979) 1.6 RESEA

5 617 706 954 797 921 745 986 720 962 842 727 712 830 768 680 825 779 633 865 976 757 852 994 690 687 617 658 646 669 638 817 664 616 1035 1048 1003 1056

0.0 CONTENTS TS ONEN P ampa Yerta/Park 5

g 9

e Road Park mill Park Park /Park 4 & N

m

21 k 21W k 18 r 12 D ASSESSMENT OF COM

N dinyilla/Park 2 marsh Square YSIS A Wodli/Park 27/ ngga/Park 7 and Barnguttilla/Park 8 awirraburka/Park 14/Ry ington Square t Square a er Gardens/Pangki Pangki/Park 28 gham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 2 arilla/Park 3, Kangattilla pangga/ tmore Square danya Womma/Park 26 no Wirra/Pa a d arrilla/Park 19 mundilla/Park 11A/Fro L mundilla/Park 11 gh dlangga/Park 9 i 0 Min 6 Wita Wirra/Park 1 Li 3 Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15 3 Tambawodli/Park 24 0 Karrawirra/Park 1 Kadlitpinna/Park 13/Rundle 5 Tarn 9 Hin 1 Wikaparndo Wirra/Park 22 2 Wirranendi/Park 23 8 Brou 2 North Terrace 4 Bakkabakkandi/Park 16 0 4 Well 5 Whi 5 Tuttangga/Park 17 9 Walyo Yerta/Par 3 Tarndanyangga/Victoria Square 8 Kurrangga/Park 20 7 Palm 4 Narnungga/Park 25 4.0 ANA 4.1 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES 4.1.1 Piltawodli/Park 1 4.1.2 Padip 4.1.3 Kand 4.1.4 Nanto Womma/Park 6 4.1.5 Kunti 4.1.6 T 4.1.7 Warn 4.1.8 Tain 4.1.9 Tain 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.12 Mull 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.17 Pity 4.1.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.26 Tuly 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.2 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.3 4.1.3

82 82 81 435 265 488 513 310 596 361 247 103 480 343 535 217 384 170 285 150 523 605 294 500 571 114 238 178 125 138 226 133 274 335 107 375 323 ampa Yerta/Park 5 g mill Park Park

illa/Park 4 & N

21 and Barnguttilla/Park 8 k 21W Pangki Pangki/Park 28 k r 12

/

DEVELOPMENT OF THE dinyilla/Park 2 marsh Square parndo Wirra/Park 22 Wodli/Park 27/Bonython Park ington Square t Square a arilla/Park 3, Kangatt pangga/Park 10 tmore Square danya Womma/Park 26 a no Wirra/Pa ORICAL a d arrilla/Park 19 mundilla/Park 11 mundilla/Frome Road Park/Park 11A gh T dlangga/Park 8 i 3.0 HIS ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES 3.1 ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES 3.1.1 Piltawodli/Park 1 3.1.2 Padip 3.1.3 Kand 3.1.4 Nanto Womma/Park 6 3.1.5 Kuntingga/Park 7 3.1.6 T 3.1.7 Warn 3.1.8 Tain 3.1.9 Tain 3.1.10 Karrawirra/Park 3.1.11 Kadlitpinna/Park 13/Rundle 3.1.12 Mullawirraburka/Park 14/Ry 3.1.13 Ityamaiitpinna/Park 15 3.1.14 Bakkabakkandi/Park 16 3.1.15 Tuttangga/Park 17 3.1.16 Wita Wirra/Park 18 3.1.17 Pity 3.1.18 Kurrangga/Park 20 3.1.19 Walyo Yerta/Par 3.1.20 Min 3.1.21 Wik 3.1.22 Wirranendi/Park 23 3.1.23 Tambawodli/Park 24 3.1.24 Narnungga/Park 25 3.1.25 Tarn 3.1.26 Tuly 3.1.27 Palmer Gardens 3.1.28 Brougham Gardens/Tandotittinga/Park 29 3.1.30 Hin 3.1.31 Hurtle Square 3.1.32 Li 3.1.33 North Terrace 3.1.34 Tarndanyangga/Victoria Square 3.1.35 Well 3.1.36 Whi

2 6 5 1 1101 1115 1127 1133 1145 1140 1099 1139 1 1097

0.0 CONTENTS

ICANCE F GE SIGNI

S edia entries, and book chapters

ATION GE SIGNIFICANCE TREES HY D P l articles, encyclopa MMEN hed sources blished reports and papers blished theses blished sources a s IOGRA O BL I

D N

6.0 REC 6.1 NATIONAL TRUST OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA REGISTER SIGNIFICANT 6.2 CITY OF ADELAIDE LOCAL HERITA 6.3 STATE HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 6.4 NATIONAL HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE 6.5 WORLD HERITA 7.0 B 7.1 PRIMARY SOURCES 7.1.1 Supporting documentation 7.1.2 Unpu 7.1.3 Publi 7.2 SECONDARY SOURCES 7.2.1 Books 7.2.2 Journ 7.2.3 Unpu 7.2.4 Unpu E

1071 1070 1088 1092 1068 1090 1067 1087 1089 1065 1095 1069 1094 1073 1063 R THE O US) US) E CAMP

ANCE C

(2004) t of Cultural Significance GNIFIC

I t of Cultural Significance t of Cultural Significance

URAL S ted Statemen ent of Cultural Significance ent of Environmental Significance Statemen T te Statemen tem atem ES res St res Sta res Nomina NIC GARDEN AND BOTANIC PARK a a a U A SSMENT OF CUL E ADELAIDE PARK LANDS & SQUARES HERITAGE SURVEY

5.0 ASS 5.1 KAURNA / ABORIGINAL VALUES 5.2 AESTHETIC VALUES 5.3 HISTORIC VALUES 5.4 SOCIAL AND SPIRITUAL VALUES 5.5 SCIENTIFIC VAL 5.6 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE 5.7 RELATED STATEMENTS OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE F 5.7.1 Register of the National Esta 5.7.2 Park Lands & Squares Kaurna 5.7.3 Park Lands & Squ 5.7.4 Park Lands & Squ 5.7.5 Park Lands & Squ 5.7.6 Other Statements of Cultural Significance 5.8 ADELAIDE BOT 5.9 ADELAIDE ZOOLOGICAL GARDENS 5.8 GOVERNMENT HOUSE DOMAIN 5.9 ADELAIDE OVAL 5.10 UNIVERSITY OF ADELAIDE (NORTH TERRA 5.11 UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA (CITY EAST CAMP 5.12