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Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities

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Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Oct 07, 2021 Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities. Follow-up Seven Years after Construction Follow-up Seven Years after Construction Stenberg, Claus; Deurs, Mikael van; Støttrup, Josianne; Mosegaard, Henrik; Grome, Thomas; Dinesen, Grete E.; Christensen, Asbjørn; Jensen, Henrik; Kaspersen, Maria; Berg, Casper Willestofte Total number of authors: 18 Publication date: 2011 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Stenberg, C., Deurs, M. V., Støttrup, J., Mosegaard, H., Grome, T., Dinesen, G. E., Christensen, A., Jensen, H., Kaspersen, M., Berg, C. W., Leonhard, S. B., Skov, H., Pedersen, J., Hvidt, C. B., Klaustrup, M., Leonhard, S. B. (Ed.), Stenberg, C. (Ed.), & Støttrup, J. (Ed.) (2011). Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities. Follow-up Seven Years after Construction: Follow-up Seven Years after Construction. DTU Aqua. DTU Aqua Report No. 246-2011 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities Follow-up Seven Years after Construction DTU Aqua Report No 246-2011 By Simon B. Leonhard, Claus Stenberg and Josianne Støttrup (eds.) Effect of the Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm on Fish Communities Follow-up Seven Years after Construction DTU Aqua Report No 246-2011 Editors: Simon B. Leonhard, Orbicon A/S Claus Stenberg and Josianne Støttrup, DTU Aqua Authors: Claus Stenberg, Michael van Deurs, Josianne Støttrup, Henrik Mosegaard, Thomas Grome, Grete Dinesen, Asbjørn Christensen, Henrik Jensen, Maria Kaspersen, Casper Willestofte Berg, Simon B. Leonhard, Henrik Skov, John Pedersen, Christian B. Hvidt and Maks Klaustrup The report has also been issued by the Danish Energy Authority, www.ens.dk Contents 0 Summary ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Dansk resumé ............................................................................................................................................. 5 1 Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 The Horns Rev 1 Offshore Wind Farm ....................................................................................... 8 1.2 Possible wind farm effects on fish communities ........................................................................ 9 1.3 Possible effects on sand-dwelling sandeel assemblages ........................................................... 11 2 Methodology ..................................................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Fish community. Used methodology ........................................................................................ 13 2.1.1 Fishing ............................................................................................................................... 13 2.1.2 Test fishing ........................................................................................................................ 15 2.1.3 Hydro acoustic surveys ..................................................................................................... 16 2.1.4 Data analysis...................................................................................................................... 17 2.2 Sandeel assemblages ................................................................................................................. 19 2.2.1 Data analysis...................................................................................................................... 21 2.2.2 Sediment ............................................................................................................................ 22 2.2.3 Simulation of larvae drift for lesser sandeel and greater sandeel ..................................... 23 2.2.4 Species distribution modelling .......................................................................................... 23 3 Results ............................................................................................................................................... 26 3.1 Fish community ........................................................................................................................ 26 3.1.1 Community structure ......................................................................................................... 28 3.1.2 Abundance ......................................................................................................................... 30 3.1.3 Distribution in relation to distance from turbine foundations ........................................... 38 3.2 Sandeel assemblages ................................................................................................................. 39 3.2.1 Day and night patterns ....................................................................................................... 41 3.2.2 Age .................................................................................................................................... 42 3.2.3 Drift-simulation of greater sandeel and lesser sandeel .................................................... 44 3.2.4 Sediment quality ................................................................................................................ 46 3.2.5 Species distribution modelling .......................................................................................... 47 3.2.6 Wind farm impact on the sandeel community ................................................................... 47 4 Discussion ......................................................................................................................................... 49 4.1 Fish community ........................................................................................................................ 50 4.2 Sandeel assemblages ................................................................................................................. 52 4.3 Cumulative effects .................................................................................................................... 56 5 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................... 58 6 References ......................................................................................................................................... 59 1 Appendices Appendix I .............................................................................................................................................. 2 Appendix II ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Appendix III ............................................................................................................................................ 4 Appendix IV ........................................................................................................................................... 5 Appendix V ............................................................................................................................................. 9 Appendix VI ......................................................................................................................................... 11 Appendix VII ........................................................................................................................................ 14 Appendix VIII ....................................................................................................................................... 16 Appendix IX ......................................................................................................................................... 21 Appendix X ........................................................................................................................................... 26 2 0 Summary Deployment of offshore wind farms is rapidly expanding in Denmark and in the rest of Europe, due to a high demand, both economically and politically, for renewable energy. At present 12 offshore wind farms are in operation in Danish waters. Offshore wind farms are often placed in relatively shallow waters (<20 m) due to engineering and economic constraints. These shallow areas are often biologically highly productive and function as important nursery and feeding grounds for a number of fish species. The establishment of wind farms is hypothesized to positively impact fish abundance and fish community
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