Art Law Syllabus Professor Amy Adler Fall 2015 Vh 216 Tuesdays and Fridays

ART LAW SYLLABUS PROFESSOR AMY ADLER FALL 2015 VH 216 TUESDAYS AND FRIDAYS

In this interdisciplinary course we will systematically explore how the law shapes and constrains visual expression. The censorship of art will be our focus for the most significant portion of the semester. We will use the special problems presented by the interpretation of visual images in order to probe more deeply into the meaning of “speech” for purposes of the First Amendment. The next part of the class will examine copyrights, moral rights, and the right of publicity. The final portion of the class will address legal issues that arise in the art market. Throughout the semester, we will frequently consider contemporary art controversies as a means of examining these broader issues.

NOTE ON THE COURSE READINGS Readings for this course are located in a variety of places. Many of the readings are available on NYU Classes. Some of the readings are from the casebook. As noted below, I have placed two copies of the casebook on reserve in the library. In reviewing the syllabus, please note the following: • Readings marked “(DBM)” are from the Duboff, Burr and Murray casebook (Aspen: Revised Edition). • If there is no notation following an assigned reading on the syllabus, that means that this material is available on NYU Classes. • Many online materials are listed on the syllabus as “available at” followed by a web link. Please click on the link in the syllabus to go directly to these materials. • The following materials are available at the bookstore and on reserve in the library: Susan Sontag’s “On Photography” (which we will read for one class), and the Duboff, Burr and Murray casebook. • I have frequently included suggestions for further reading on the syllabus. These materials are not assigned reading. I have included some but not all of these materials in NYU Classes.

Please note that I will make changes in this syllabus as the semester progresses.

COURSE OUTLINE

I. ART AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT INTRODUCTORY TEXTS A. THE ARTIST’S RIGHT TO FREE EXPRESSION: CENSORSHIP LAW AND THEORY 1. OBSCENITY LAW a. Introduction b. The Evolution of Obscenity Law c. Introduction to Postmodern Art: The Problem for Obscenity Law 2. CHILD PORNOGRAPHY LAW a. Child Pornography Cases b. The Question of Serious Artistic Value: Child Pornography Law and Artistic Expression 3. THE FEMINIST ANTI-PORNOGRAPHY MOVEMENT 4. HATE SPEECH 5. WHAT IS ART AND (WHY) IS ART PROTECTED BY THE FIRST AMENDMENT? a. Text v. Image b. Photography c. Dance and Live Performance B. MUSEUMS, GALLERIES, AND THE PUBLIC: THE POLITICS OF ART 1. GOVERNMENT FUNDING OF THE ARTS 2. MUSEUMS AND GALLERIES: SELF-CENSORSHIP 3. PUBLIC ART

II. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN ART A. “MORAL RIGHTS” OF ARTISTS B. COPYRIGHT LAW AND THE PROBLEM OF POSTMODERNISM 1. INTRODUCTORY COPYRIGHT ISSUES AND COPYRIGHTABILITY 2. FAIR USE AND CONTEMPORARY ART C. THE RIGHT OF PUBLICITY

III. THE ART MARKET A. AUTHENTICITY B. LOOTED ART

2 ASSIGNED READINGS

I. ART AND THE FIRST AMENDMENT

INTRODUCTORY TEXTS • First Amendment, U.S. Constitution 1791 • Exodus 20, Ten Commandments • Rene Girard, Things Hidden since the Foundation of the World (1987) (excerpt) • Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Prophetic Pictures (1882) (excerpt) • David Freedberg, The Power of Images (1989) (Introduction) • Stephen Greenblatt, Renaissance Self-Fashioning: From Moore to Shakespeare (1980) (excerpt) • W.J.T. Mitchell, What Do Pictures Want? (excerpt) • Daniel Grant, In 2012’s Art World, More Lawsuits Than Art, HUFFINGTON POST, Dec. 20, 2012, available at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/daniel-grant/in-2012s-art-world- more-l_b_2338534.html

A. The Artist’s Right to Free Expression: Censorship Law and Theory

1. OBSCENITY LAW a. Introduction • Andy Grundberg, Cincinnati Trial’s Unanswered Question, N.Y. TIMES, Oct. 18, 1990, available at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C0CE0D6 163FF93BA25753C1A966958260

b. The Evolution of Obscenity Law • John Stuart Mill (excerpts) • Regina v. Hicklin, L.R. 3 Q.B. 360 (1868) (DBM 285-88) • Roth v. United States, 354 U.S. 476 (1957) • Memoirs v. Massachusetts, 383 U.S. 413 (1966) • Redrup v. New York, 386 U.S. 767 (1967) • Miller v. California, 354 U.S. 476 (1957) (DBM 293-97) • Paris Adult Theatre I v. Slaton, 413 U.S. 49 (1973) • Pope v. Illinois, 481 U.S. 497 (1987) • Cincinnati v. Contemporary Arts Center, 566 N.E.2d 214 (Ohio Mun. 1990) (DBM 303-06) • Michael Brenson, The Many Roles of Mapplethorpe, Acted Out in Ever-Shifting Images, N.Y. TIMES, July 22, 1989 (Mapplethorpe Review), available at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE3DF

3 113CF931A15754C0A96F948260&sec=&spon=&partner=per malink&exprod=permalink • Mapplethorpe images, available at http://www.mapplethorpe.org/portfolios/ c. Introduction to Postmodern Art: The Problem for Obscenity Law • Amy Adler, Postmodern Art and the Death of Obscenity Law, 99 YALE L.J. 1359 (1990) • Linda Yablonsky, How Far Can You Go?, ARTNEWS, Jan. 1, 2004, available at http://www.artnews.com/2004/01/01/how-far-can-you-go/ • Pop Life at Tate Modern, available at http://www.tate.org.uk/whats-on/tate- modern/exhibition/pop-life-art-material-world and http://www.guardian.co.uk/artanddesign/2009/oct/04/pop -life-tate-modern-cumming • Sunday Dialogue: What Is That Art Worth?, N.Y. TIMES, Jan. 5, 2013, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/06/opinion/sunday/sun day-dialogue-what-is-that-art- worth.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0 • Daniel Grant, In 2012’s Art World, More Lawsuits Than Art, HUFFINGTON POST, Dec. 20, 2012, available at http://www.huffingtonpost.com/daniel-grant/in-2012s-art- world-more-l_b_2338534.html

Koons • Scott Rothkopf, No Limits (excerpt from the catalogue essay by the curator for the Whitney exhibition) • Roberta Smith, Shapes of an Extroverted Life: ‘Jeff Koons: A Retrospective’ Opens at the Whitney, N.Y. TIMES, June 26, 2014, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2014/06/27/arts/design/jeffkoons-a-retrospective-opens-at-the-whitney.html?_r=1. • Peter Schjeldahl, Selling Points: A Jeff Koons Retrospective, NEW YORKER, July 7, 2014, available at http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2014/07/07/sellin g-points. • Sabri Ben-Achour, Artistic inspiration or piracy?, MARKETPLACE, Sept. 29, 2014 (a piece on NPR about Koons and copyright), available at http://www.marketplace.org/topics/business/artistic- inspiration-or-piracy.

4 • Audio Guide for “String of Puppies” (remarks by Amy Adler), available at http://whitney.org/WatchAndListen/Exhibitions?context= Exhibitions&context_id=&play_id=1060 and http://whitney.org/WatchAndListen/AudioGuides?play_id =1061. • Optional: Wall text for Jeff Koons: A Retrospective, June 27–Oct 19, 2014 at the Whitney, available at http://whitney.org/Exhibitions/JeffKoons. • Optional: Jed Perl, The Cult of Jeff Koons, N.Y. REVIEW OF BOOKS, Sept. 25, 2014, available at http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2014/sep/25 /cult-jeff-koons/.

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Amy Adler, All Porn All the Time, 31 N.Y.U. J. OF L. AND SOCIAL CHANGE 695 (2007) • Harry Kalven, Jr., The Metaphysics of the Law of Obscenity, 1960 Sup. Ct. Rev. 1 (1960) • David A.J. Richards, Free Speech and Obscenity Law, 123 U. PA. L. REV. 45 (1975) • Frederick Schauer, Speech and “Speech”—Obscenity and “Obscenity,” 67 GEO. L.J. 899 (1979) • United States v. Extreme Associates, Inc., 352 F. Supp.2d 578 (W.D. Pa. 2005) • EDWARD DEGRAZIA, GIRLS LEAN BACK EVERYWHERE: OBSCENITY LAW AND THE ASSAULT ON GENIUS (1992) • ELEANOR HEARTNEY, POSTMODERNISM (2001)

2. CHILD PORNOGRAPHY LAW a. Child Pornography Cases • New York v. Ferber, 458 U.S. 747 (1982) • Osborne v. Ohio, 496 U.S. 913 (1990) (DBM 308-11) • United States v. Dost, 636 F. Supp. 828 (S.D. Cal. 1986) • United States v. Knox, 32 F.3d 733 (3d Cir. 1994)

b. The Question of Serious Artistic Value: Child Pornography Law and Artistic Expression • Amy Adler, Inverting the First Amendment, 149 U. PA. L. REV. 921 (2001) (DBM 311-19) • Sally Mann art images, available at http://www.houkgallery.com/exhibitions/2007-11-29_sally- mann/ • Ashcroft v. Free Speech Coalition, 535 U.S. 234 (2002) (DBM 319-29)

5 • Miller v. Skumanick, 605 F. Supp. 2d 634 (2009) (excerpt) • United States v. Stevens, 559 U.S. 460 (2010) • U.S. v. Johnson, 639 F.3d 433, 441 (8th Cir. 2011), available at https://casetext.com/case/us-v-johnson- 819#.U_OujfldVp8

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Amy Adler, The Perverse Law of Child Pornography, 101 COLUM. L. REV. 209 (2001)

3. THE FEMINIST ANTI-PORNOGRAPHY MOVEMENT • Catharine Mackinnon, Not a Moral Issue, 2 YALE L. & POL'Y REV. 321, available at http://www.jstor.org/stable/40239168 [login via Julius Library Catalog] • Catharine MacKinnon, excerpt from ONLY WORDS pp. 3-41 (1993) [Please note this book is on reserve in the library.] • American Booksellers v. Hudnut, 771 F.2d 323 (7th Cir. 1985) • Guy Trebay, Sex, Art and Videotape, N.Y. TIMES, June 13, 2004 (Review of Andrea Fraser’s “Untitled”), available at http://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/13/magazine/13ENCOUNT ER.html?ex=1402459200&en=aa724398866c64a5&ei=5007&pa rtner=USERLAND • Barbara Gamarekian, Show Closing Demanded at Washington Museum, N.Y. TIMES, July 13, 1991, available at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE7D717 39F930A25754C0A967958260&sec=&spon=&partner=permalin k&exprod=permalink

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Robert C. Post, Cultural Heterogeneity and Law: Pornography, Blasphemy, and the First Amendment, 76 CAL. L. REV. 297 (1988) • Geoffrey R. Stone, Anti-Pornography Legislation as Viewpoint Discrimination, 9 HARV. J.L. & PUB. POL’Y 461 (1986) • Cass R. Sunstein, Pornography and the First Amendment, 1986 DUKE L.J. 589 (1986) • LINDA WILLIAMS, HARD CORE: POWER PLEASURE AND THE FRENZY OF THE VISIBLE (1999)

4. HATE SPEECH • Mari Matsuda, Public Response to Racist Speech: Considering the Victim’s Story, 87 MICH. L. REV. 2320 (1989) [excerpts – read only pp. 10-20 (beginning with Part VI “Narrow Application and Protection of First Amendment Values”)]

6 • Jeremy Waldron, The Harm in Hate Speech (excerpt) • Glenn Ligon images, available at http://whitney.org/Exhibitions/GlennLigon/images • Hank Willis Thomas Images, available at http://lens.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/06/07/photos-to-provoke- a-conversation-on-race/ • Sarah Boxer, Man Behind a Museum Tempest: A Curator Defends His Show Exploring Nazi Imagery, N.Y. TIMES, Feb. 6, 2002, available at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D01E7DE1E 3DF935A35751C0A9649C8B63&sec=&spon=&partner=permalin k&exprod=permalink • Edward Rothstein, Artists Seeking Their Inner Nazi, N.Y. TIMES, Feb. 2, 2002, available at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C05E3D6173 DF931A35751C0A9649C8B63&sec=&spon=&partner=permalink &exprod=permalink • Amy Adler, What’s Left?: Hate Speech, Pornography, and the Problem for Artistic Expression, 84 CAL. L. REV. 1499 (1996), available at http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article =1633&context=californialawreview

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • R.A.V. v. City of St. Paul, 505 U.S. 377 (1992) • Wisconsin v. Mitchell, 508 U.S. 476 (1993) • Virginia v. Black, 538 U.S. 343 (2003) • Richard Delgado, Words That Wound: A Tort Action for Racial Insults, Epithets, and Name-Calling, 17 HARV. C.R.- C.L. L. REV. 133 (1982) • Elena Kagan, Regulation of Hate Speech and Pornography After R.A.V., 60 UNIV. CHI. L. REV. 873 (1993)

5. WHAT IS ART AND (WHY) IS ART PROTECTED BY THE FIRST AMENDMENT? • Duboff, Burr, Murray, Legal and Other Definitions of Art, (DBM 1-5) • Customs Definitions of Art (DBM 5-13) • Europe Rules That Dan Flavin and Bill Viola Artworks Are Not Art, ARTINFO, Dec. 17, 2010, available at http://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/278750/europe- rules-that-dan-flavin-and-bill-viola-artworks-are-not • Bery v. City of New York, 906 F. Supp. 163 (S.D.N.Y. 1995) (“Bery I”)(excerpt) • Bery v. City of New York, 97 F.3d. 689 (2d Cir. 1996) (“Bery II”)

7 • Mastrovincenzo v. City of New York, 313 F. Supp. 2d 280 (S.D.N.Y. 2004), rev’d, 339 F. Supp. 2d 588 (S.D.N.Y., 2004) • Kleinman v. City of San Marcos, 597 F. 3d 323 (5th Cir. 2010), available at http://www.ca5.uscourts.gov/opinions/pub/08/08- 50960-CV0.wpd.pdf • Arthur Danto, excerpts from Warhol essays a. Text v. Image • Kaplan v. California, 413 U.S. 115 (1973) • Amy Adler, The First Amendment and the Second Commandment, 57 N.Y.L. SCH. L. REV. 41 (2012-2013), available at http://www.nylslawreview.com/wp- content/uploads/sites/16/2012/10/The-First-Amendment- and-the-Second-Commandment.pdf • Blake Gopnik, Read All About It: With Explanatory Labels Papering Museum Walls, Are We Still Looking at the Pictures They Explain?, WASHINGTON POST, Dec. 9, 2001

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • David Freedberg, Idolatry and Iconoclasm from The Power of Images b. Photography • SUSAN SONTAG, ON PHOTOGRAPHY (1977) [on sale at bookstore and on reserve in library] • George Zornick, The Porn of War, THE NATION, Sept. 22, 2005, available at http://www.thenation.com/article/porn-war • Michael Kimmelman, Abu Ghraib Photos Return, This Time as Art, N.Y. TIMES, Oct. 10, 2004, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/10/arts/design/10kimm. html?_r=1&scp=1&sq=%93Abu+Ghraib+Photos+Return%2C+T his+Time+as+Art&oref=slogin • Jim Lewis, Front Page Horror: Should Newspapers Show Us Images From Iraq?, SLATE.COM, Apr. 5, 2004, available at http://www.slate.com/id/2098283/ • Adam Liptak, Images, the Law and War, N.Y. TIMES, May 16, 2009, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2009/05/17/weekinreview/17lipta k.html?_r=2&scp=1&sq=liptak%20photographs&st=cse • Abigail Solomon-Godeau, Remote Control: Abigail Solomon- Godeau’s Dispatches from the Image Wars, ARTFORUM, June 22, 2004, available at http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Remote+control%3A+Abigail+ Solomon-Godeau's+dispatches+from+the+image...- a0118445837

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • SUSAN SONTAG, REGARDING THE PAIN OF OTHERS (2003) • Luc Sante and Jim Lewis, Photography and Morality, SLATE • Tim Arango, Face that Screamed War’s Pain Looks Back, 6 Hard Years Later, N.Y. TIMES, May 7, 2011, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/07/world/middleeast /07photo.html?pagewanted=2&sq=war%20photographs&s t=cse&scp=10 • Tom Junod, The Falling Man, ESQUIRE, Sept. 8, 2009, available at http://www.esquire.com/features/ESQ0903- SEP_FALLINGMAN

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING: c. Dance and Live Performance • Miller v. South Bend, 904 F.2d 1081 (7th Cir. 1990) • Judith B. Prowda, The Martha Graham Case: Determining Who Owns a Dance • Amy Adler, Performance Anxiety: Medusa, Sex, and the First Amendment, 21 YALE J.L. & HUMAN. 227 (2009) • Barnes v. Glen Theater, 501 U.S. 560 (1991) • Amy Adler, Girls! Girls! Girls!: The Supreme Court Confronts the G-String, 80 N.Y.U. L. REV. 1108 (2005) • Carolee Schneemann, More than Meat Joy

B. MUSEUMS, GALLERIES, AND THE PUBLIC: THE POLITICS OF ART

1. GOVERNMENT FUNDING OF THE ARTS • National Endowment for the Arts v. Finley, 524 U.S. 569 (1998) • DBM 346–55 • Concurrence by Justice Scalia, available at http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/pdf/97-371P.ZC • Dissent by Justice Souter, available at http://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/pdf/97-371P.ZD • The Brooklyn Institute of Arts & Sciences v. City of New York, 64 F. Supp. 2d 184 (E.D.N.Y. 1999) (DBM 503–07; 355–70)

SUGGESTIONS FOR BACKGROUND/FURTHER READING • David Wojnarowicz, A Fire in my Belly (Video), available at http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gHRCwQeKCuo • Marlon T. Riggs, Meet the New Willie Horton, N.Y. TIMES, Mar. 6, 1992 • Humanities Act of 1965

9 • Rust v. Sullivan, 500 U.S. 173 (1991) • Rosenberger v. Rectors of the University of Virginia, 515 U.S. 819 (1995) • Frederick Schauer, Principles, Institutions, and the First Amendment, 112 HARV. L. REV. 84 (1998) • NCAC and FIRE Issue Joint Letter to Villanova U. on Cancellation of Tim Miller Artist-in-Residency, NCAC.ORG, Feb. 24, 2012, available at http://ncac.org/incident/ncac- and-fire-issue-joint-letter-to-villanova-u-on-cancellation- of-tim-miller-artist-in-residency/ • Alison Klayman, Ai Weiwei: The Evolution of Dissent, N.Y. TIMES, Jan. 22, 2012, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/23/opinion/aiweiwei-the-evolution-of-a- dissident.html?_r=1&ref=aiweiwei

2. MUSEUMS AND GALLERIES: SELF-CENSORSHIP • Paul Goldberger, Historical Shows on Trial: Who Judges?, N.Y. TIMES, Feb. 11, 1996, available at http://www.nytimes.com/1996/02/11/arts/historical-shows- on-trial-who-judges.html • Piarowski v. Prairie State College, 759 F.2d 625 (7th Cir. 1985)

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Margaret Talbot, The Museum Show Has An Ego Disorder, N.Y. TIMES, Oct. 11, 1998, available at http://www.nytimes.com/1998/10/11/magazine/the- museum-show-has-an-ego-disorder.html • Carol Becker, Art Thrust into the Public Sphere, 50 ART 3 (1991) • Close v. Lederle, 424 F.2d 988 (1st Cir. 1970) • News Articles on current censorship from NCAC, available at http://ncac.org/ • After Complaints, Rockefeller Center Drapes Sept. 11 Statue, N.Y. TIMES, Sept. 19, 2002, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2002/09/19/nyregion/after- complaints-rockefeller-center-drapes-sept-11-statue.html • Grace Glueck, Images of Blacks Refracted in a White Mirror, N.Y. TIMES, Jan. 7, 1990, available at http://www.nytimes.com/1990/01/07/arts/images-of- blacks-refracted-in-a-white-mirror.html • Cornelia Dean, Challenged by Creationists, Museums Answer Back, N.Y. TIMES, Sept. 20, 2005, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2005/09/20/science/20doce.ht ml

10 • Linnemeir v. Board of Trustees of Purdue University, 260 F.3d 757 (7th Cir. 2001) • Protest of War Shuts Museum in Washington, N.Y. TIMES, Oct. 8, 2011, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/09/us/stop-the- machine-protest-closes-national-air-and-space- museum.html. • Ben Davis, A Look Back at 2011, the Year of Art and Protest, ARTINFO.COM, Dec. 20, 2011, http://www.artinfo.com/news/story/751275/a-look- back-at-2011-the-year-of-art-and-protest.

3. PUBLIC ART • Robert Hughes, Man of Steel, THE GUARDIAN, June 22, 2005, available at http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2005/jun/22/art • Serra v. U.S. General Services Administration, 847 F.2d 1045 (2d Cir. 1988) (DBM 334-40) • The Destruction of Tilted Arc: Documents (Read only the testimony from the Serra case which appears at the end of this document on pages 61-65; skip the rest) • Pleasant Grove City v. Summum, 555 U.S. 460 (2009) (excerpts) • Sanford Levinson, Silencing the Past: Public Monuments and the Tutelary State, 17 CARDOZO ARTS & ENT. L.J. 149 (1999)

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Maya Ling Lin, Statement on Her Winning Design

II. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY IN ART

A. “MORAL RIGHTS” OF ARTISTS • John Merryman, The Refrigerator of Bernard Buffet [read only pages 1023-1029] • Duboff, Burr and Murray, Chapter 4, pp. 165-95 [You can read/skim this for background only, except please read thoroughly pp. 169-71 (Dali case) and pp. 182-86 (Vargas case)] • DBM, pp. 202-14. • Wojnarowicz v. American Family Association, 745 F. Supp. 130 (S.D.N.Y. 1990) • DBM, pp. 219-235 • Henry Hansmann & Marina Santilli, Authors’ and Artists’ Moral Rights, 26 J. OF LEGAL STUDIES 95 (1997) [read only pp. 95-112] • Amy Adler, Against Moral Rights, 97 CAL. L. REV. 263 (2009), available at

11 http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1365437 [click “Download” at top of page then “SSRN” button]

SUGGESTIONS FOR BACKGROUND/FURTHER READING • ROBERTA ROSENTHAL KWALL, THE SOUL OF CREATIVITY: FORGING A MORAL RIGHTS LAW FOR THE UNITED STATES (Stanford U. Press, 2009) • Alan Riding, Conceptual Artist as Vandal • State and Federal Moral Rights Statutes

B. COPYRIGHT LAW AND THE PROBLEM OF POSTMODERNISM

1. INTRODUCTORY COPYRIGHT ISSUES AND COPYRIGHTABILITY • Duboff, Burr and Murray, pp. 57-63; 72-74 (skim for background only) • DBM, pp. 27-43 • Walter Benjamin, The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction (1936) • Bridgeman Art Library, Ltd. v. Corel Corp., 36 F. Supp. 2d 191 (S.D.N.Y. 1999) • Steinberg v. Columbia Pictures, 663 F. Supp. 706 (S.D.N.Y. 1987) available at http://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/663_FSupp_706.h tm (read only Parts II-IV primarily for background; you can skip the other parts of the case)

2. FAIR USE AND CONTEMPORARY ART • Rogers v. Koons, 960 F.2d 301 (2d Cir. 1992) http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate- courts/F2/960/301/350058/ • Affidavits in Koons case (Halbreich, Caldwell & Rosenblum) • Campbell v. Acuff-Rose Music, Inc., 510 U.S. 569 (1994) (DBM 97-104) • Blanch v. Koons, 467 F.3d 244 (2d Cir. 2006) (DBM 108-126) • Cariou v. Prince, 784 F. Supp. 2d 337 (S.D.N.Y. 2011), available at http://www.aphotoeditor.com/wp- content/uploads/2011/03/cariou-prince.pdf (also available in course documents) • Cariou v. Prince, 714 F.3d 694 (2d Cir. 2013), available at http://docs.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/ca2/11- 1197/11-1197-2013-04-25.pdf • Randy Kennedy, Apropos Appropriation, N.Y. TIMES, Dec. 28, 2011, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/01/arts/design/richard-

12 prince-lawsuit-focuses-on-limits-of- appropriation.html?_r=1&ref=randykennedy • Mattel Inc. v. Walking Mountain Productions, 353 F.3d 792 (9th Cir. 2003) (read only through page 806 of case) • Noam Cohen, Viewing Journalism as a Work of Art: Mannie Garcia’s Obama Image, N.Y. TIMES, Mar. 23, 2009, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2009/03/24/arts/design/24photo.ht ml?_r=1&ref=arts • Fairey v. AP (S.D.N.Y.), complaint with exhibits • AP’s answer and counterclaims, with exhibits • Randy Kennedy, Shepard Fairey Is Fined and Sentenced to Probation in “Hope” Poster Case, N.Y. TIMES, Sept. 7, 2012, available at http://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/07/shephard- fairey-is-fined-and-sentenced-to-probation-in-hope-poster-case/ • Joy Garnett and Susan Meiselas, On the Rights of Molotov Man, PORTFOLIO, available at http://firstpulseprojects.com/On-the- Rights-of-Molotov-Man.pdf • Cowan, Liebowitz & Latman, P.C. letters to Vera & Adler

C. THE RIGHT OF PUBLICITY • Duboff, Burr and Murray, pp. 262-74

III. THE ART MARKET

A. AUTHENTICITY • Greenberg Gallery, Inc. v. Bauman, 817 F. Supp. 167 (D.D.C. 1993) • Arnold Herstand v. Gertrude Stein, Inc., 626 N.Y.S.2d 74 (N.Y. App. Div. 1995) • Rembrandt/Not Rembrandt in the Metropolitan Museum of Art • Randy Kennedy, Computer Analysis Suggests Paintings are not Pollocks, N.Y. TIMES, Feb. 9, 2006, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2006/02/09/arts/design/09poll.html. • Patricia Cohen, Suitable for Suing, N.Y. Times, Feb. 22, 2012, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/26/arts/design/authenticity- of-trove-of-pollocks-and-rothkos-goes-to- court.html?pagewanted=all. • Felix Salmon, When Art Galleries Ratify Forgeries, Reuters, Dec. 3, 2011, available at http://blogs.reuters.com/felix- salmon/2011/12/03/when-art-galleries-ratify-forgeries/ • Laura Gilbert, New York Court Rejects Knoedler and Freedman’s Motion to Dismiss Fakes Cases, The Art Newspaper, Oct. 2, 2013, available at http://www.theartnewspaper.com/articles/New-York-

13 court-rejects-Knoedler-and-Freedmans-motion-to-dismiss-fakes- cases/30647 • Michael Rips, Who Owns Seydou Keïta?, N.Y. TIMES, Jan. 22, 2006, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/22/arts/22rips.html. • Richard Dorment, What is an Andy Warhol?, NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS, Oct. 22, 2009, available at http://www.nybooks.com/articles/23153 • Jason Edward Kaufman, Warhol Foundation Kills Antitrust Lawsuit Over Authentication, ARTINFO, Oct. 25, 2010 (article on settlement in Simon-Whelan v. Andy Warhol Foundation for the Visual Arts), available at http://www.blouinartinfo.com/news/story/278331/warhol- foundation-kills-antitrust-lawsuit-over-authentication • Eileen Kinsella, Concerns About Liability Have Led Several Artist’s Foundations to Stop Authenticating their Work, ARTNEWS, Feb. 28, 2012, http://www.artnews.com/2012/02/28/a-matter-of- opinion/. • Complaint, Jancou Fine Art v. Sotheby’s, Inc. and Cady Noland, 107 A.D.3d 637 (N.Y. App. Div. 2013), available at http://www.scribd.com/doc/80276815/2012-02-01-COMPLAINT- Marc-Jancou-Fine-Art-v-Sotheby-s-NY-Sup-Ct • Scholars Still Skeptical of Getty Kouros • Amy Adler, The Artifice of Authenticity (2014 Draft, excerpts)

SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER READING • Lawsuit Over Lichtenstein’s “Girl”, ARTNET.COM, Jan. 24, 2012, http://www.artnet.com/magazineus/news/artnetnews/m ark-tansey-larry-gagosian.asp • Elise Knutsen, Don Con: Richard Silver, Corcoran Broker Turned Unwitting Scammer, Goes to the Slammer, THE NEW YORK OBSERVER, Jan. 17, 2012, available at http://www.observer.com/2012/01/dot-con-richard- silver-corcoran-broker-turned-unwitting-scammer-goes-to- the-slammer/ • David Grann, The Mark of a Masterpiece, NEW YORKER, July 12, 2010, available at http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/07/12/the- mark-of-a-masterpiece?currentPage=all (for background only).

B. LOOTED ART • John Henry Merryman, Thinking About the Elgin Marbles, 83 MICH. L. REV. 1881, 1-21 (1985)

14 • Vermeer’s Astronomer, or Hitler’s Blind Spot, in THE LOST MUSEUM: THE NAZI CONSPIRACY TO STEAL THE WORLD'S GREATEST WORKS OF ART (1998) (excerpt) • Is It All Loot? Tackling the Antiquities Problem, N.Y. TIMES, Mar. 29, 2006, available at http://www.nytimes.com/2006/03/29/arts/artsspecial/29panel. html?pagewanted=all. • Anne-Marie O’Connor, Europe’s Dirty Little Art Secret, L.A. TIMES, Nov. 28, 2013, available at http://www.latimes.com/opinion/op- ed/la-oe-oconnor-munich-gurlitt-nazi-art-20131128- story.html#axzz2mS4L8Apr. • Degenerate Art, PHILAMUSEUM.ORG, available at http://www.philamuseum.org/research/98-108.html?page=2.

READINGS FOR GUEST LECTURER HOWARD SPIEGLER ON LOOTED ART • United States v. Portrait of Wally, 663 F. Supp. 2d 232 (S.D.N.Y. 2009), available at http://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=1342241 966138056445&q=united+states+v.+portrait+of+wally+200 9+663+F.+Supp.+2d+232+&hl=en&as_sdt=6,33 • Wally Case, Stipulation and Order of Settlement and Discontinuance and Amended Stipulation and Order • Washington Conference Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art (December 3, 1998) • Terezin Declaration on Holocaust Era Assets and Related Issues (June 30, 2009)