Follow these 9 principles Native to make your yard a TM What is a native ? -Friendly Yard!

Although many definitions exist, the term Right Plant, Right Place

“native” is widely used to describe a plant species Plants selected to suit a specific site will require Go Wild, that existed naturally in an area prior to Europe- minimal amounts of water, fertilizer, and pesticides. an contact (~1500), and not as a result of direct or indirect human influence. Plant Native! Water Efficiently

Conserve water and maintain a healthy yard by irri- Tips on Selecting Native Plants gating only when you lawn and landscape need wa- Plant Origin: For plants that have a wide natural ter. Part 2: range, plant origin/source should be considered. This is because species derived from more north- Fertilize Appropriately Underutilized Native Plants ern climates or different environmental condi- Less is often best. Over-use is hazardous to plants for North Florida Landscapes tions may not grow well under Florida condi- and the environment. tions, which could affect growth, flowering, yield, plant quality and overall survival of the Mulch plant. A 3” mulch layer helps retain moisture, enrich soil, Right Plant, Right Place: It is important to and suppress weeds. never select native plants simply because they are native. Instead, select them because it is the Attract Wildlife “right plant for the right place.” Because residen- tial and commercial landscapes typically have dis- Plants in your yard that provide food, water, and turbed soils or areas where fill dirt has been shelter can conserve Florida’s diverse wildlife. brought on site, native plants cannot automatical- Manage Yard Pests Responsibly ly be expected to thrive in these environments which are very unlike their native habitats. Also, Unwise use of pesticides can harm people, pets, never assume native plants will be more tolerant beneficial insects, wildlife, and the environment. to adverse soil conditions, moisture stress or pests (insects, diseases) than nonnative species. Recycle

Grass clippings, , and yard trimmings recy- Natives, Cultivars & FFL cled on site provide nutrients to the soil & reduce waste. Although not considered true natives, native plant cultivars (man-made selections or hybrids) Reduce Stormwater Runoff are suitable for landscapes because they have been shown to perform well under those conditions. Water running off your yard can carry pollutants which adversely impact water quality. Florida-Friendly Landscaping™ (FFL) promotes environmentally sustainable practices and low- Protect the Waterfront maintenance plants including native plants, native cultivars, and non-native, non-invasive species. Waterfront property (on a river, stream, lake, or pond) should be carefully protected to maintain See our plant selection guide at: water quality for both humans and wildlife. https://ffl.ifas.ufl.edu/pdf/ UF/IFAS Extension Baker County FYN_Plant_Selection_Guide_2015.pdf Alicia Lamborn, Horticulture Agent UF/IFAS Extension Baker County 1025 W. Macclenny Avenue, Macclenny FL Reference: Norcini, J. G. (2007). Native Plants: An Overview. The Foundation for The Gator Nation University of Florida. Publication #ENH1045 (904) 259-3520 http://baker.ifas.ufl.edu An Equal Opportunity Institution Uncommon & Underutilized Native Plants for the Landscape

Trees: : : CarpinusTrees: caroliniana American Hornbeam, Aralia spinosa Devil’s Walkingstick Agalinis fasciculate Beach False Foxglove Carpinus caroliniana Musclewood, hornbeam, Blue-beech, Musclewood Asimina spp. Pawpaw Aletris lutea Yellow Colic-root blue– beech Carya aquatic Water Hickory Bejaria racemose Tarflower, Flyweed Aregemone spp. Prickly–poppy Carya glabraaquatic water hickoryPignut Hickory Carya glabra pignut hickory Euonymus americanus American Asclepias humistrata Sandhill Milkweed, Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory Strawberry Bush Pinewoods Milkweed Carya tomentosa mockernut hickory Castanea pumila Ashe’s Chinquapin Gaylussacia spp. Huckleberry Asclepias lanceolata Fewflower Milkweed Castanea pumila Ashe’s chinquapin, trailing chin- quaoinCornus asperifolia Rough– Cornel Geobalanus oblongifolius Gopher–apple Balduina angustifolia Costalplain Honeycombhead Cornus asperifolia foemina Rough–Swamp leaf cornel Dogwood Hamamelis virginiana Witch–hazel CornusCrataegus foemina spp. swanmp dogwood,Hawthorn stiff cornel Hypericum spp. St. John’s–wort Bidens spp. Beggarticks CrataegusFraxinus caroliniana crus– galli cockspurPop Ash, hawthorn Water Ash Ilex cassine var. myrtifolia Myrtle–leaf Calydorea caelestina Bartram’s Ixia CrataegusIlex ambigua michauxii Michaux’sCarolina hawthorn Holly, Sand Holly Leucothoe axillaris Costal Dog– hobble Florida Paintbrush, FraxinusIlex opaca caroliniana var. arenicola pop Scrub ash, water Holly ash Litsea aestivalis Pondspice Costal–plain Chaffhead IlexLyonia ambigua ferruginea Carolina holly,Rusty sand Lyonia holly Lyonia spp. Staggerbrush, Conoclinium coelestinum Blue Mistflower NyssaIlex opaca spp. var. arenicola scrubBlack holly Gum, Tupelo Fetterbush Coreopsis nudata Swamp Tickseed, OstryaLyonia virginianaferruginea rusty lyoniaEastern Hophornbeam Osmanthus americanus Wild Olive, American Tickseed Devilwood PrunusNyssa ogeche caroliniana Ogeechee tupelo,Laurel OgeecheeCherry lime Helenium spp. Sneezeweed Rhododendron viscosum Swamp Azalea PrunusNyssa sylvatica serotinea Black gum,Black tupelo Cherry Helianthemum spp. Rockrose Nyssa sylvatica var. biflora swamp black gum, Rhus copallinum Winged Sumac Quercus laevis Turkey Helianthus radula Rayless Sunflower swamp tupelo Viburnum nudum Possum Haw Salix caroliniana Carolina Willow Ostrya virginiana American hophornbeam, easter Lilium catesbaei Lily Styrax americanus American Snowbell hophornbeam, ironwood Phyla nodiflora Frogfruit, Turkey Tilia americana Basswood, American Vines: Tangle Fogfruit Prunus Caroliniana cherryLinden– laurel, laurel cherry Prunus serotine Black cherry Centrosema virginianum Spurred Butterfly Pea Physostegia purpurea Obedient plant, Eastern Ulmus americana American Elm Quercus laevis turkey oak Clematis crispa Swamp Leather False Dragonhead Vaccinium arboretum Sparkleberry, Farkleberry Salix caroliniana Carolina willow, coastalplain Clematis reticulata Netleaf Virgin’s–bower Ruellia caroliniensis Carolina Wildpetunia willow Climbing Hydrangea Scutellaria integrifolia Helmet Skullcap Ferns:Sassfras albidum sassafras Ipomoea cordatotriloba Tievine Solidago spp. Goldenrod Styrax americanus American snowbell Ipomeoa hederifolia Scarlet Morning Glory Asplenium spp. Spleenwort Symphyotrichum dumosum Rice Button Aster Tilia Americana basswood, American linden, bee Parthenocissus quinquefolia creeper Athyrium filix– femina Southern Lady Fern Verbseina virginica Frostweed, White Crownbeard UlmusDryopteris Americana ludoviciana American Southern elm Wood Fern Veronica angustifolia Narrow–leaf Ironweed VacciniumOsmunda cinnamomea arboretum sparkleberry, Cinnamon farkleberry Fern Ferns:Thelypteris spp. Maiden Fern Front cover photo credit: Karan A. Rawlins, University of Veronica gigantea Tall Ironweed Woodwardia spp. Chain Fern Georgia, Bugwood.org