sign in sign up
<<
Home , Barred becard, Beautiful woodpecker, Cinereous becard, Cinnamon becard, Lesser violetear, Magdalena River

: & WESTERN A Relaxed & Easy Tour July 13–21, 2019

Red-headed Barbet (female), Eubucco bourcieri. Photo: D. Ascanio ©

LEADERS: DAVID ASCANIO & ALEJANDRO NAGY LIST COMPILED BY: DAVID ASCANIO

VICTOR EMANUEL NATURE TOURS, INC. 2525 WALLINGWOOD DRIVE, SUITE 1003 AUSTIN, TEXAS 78746 WWW.VENTBIRD.COM

COLOMBIA: MAGDALENA RIVER VALLEY & WESTERN ANDES A RELAXED & EASY TOUR July 13–21, 2019 By David Ascanio

Photo album: https://www.flickr.com/photos/davidascanio/albums/72157709903582576

Andean Motmot, Momotus aequatorialis.. D. Ascanio ©

A colorful Andean Motmot catching land worms in the flooded gardens of the MG Hotel welcomed us to a week that would match, in a magical way, the best of the Magdalena River Valley and the Western Andes of Colombia. The hotel gardens were, indeed, a great introduction to the birds found in the Andes near Medellín. Here we enjoyed great views of a pair of Azara´s Spinetail, the endemic Colombian Chachalaca, and Sparking and White-sided Flowerpiercers that were found probing the nectar inside the corolla flowers. After breakfast we took a short drive to the town of El Retiro where we visited the wonderful Cantos de Aves property. This family had recovered in areas that were once cattle pasture and have turned bare land into a paradise. The welcome party included Lesser and Sparkling violetears, Booted Racket-Tail, Andean Emerald, and Steely-vented Hummingird, as well as Flame-rumped, Blue-necked, Metallic-Green, and Black-capped . But the favorite of the morning was a family group of the endemic Red-bellied Grackle. Having enjoyed this puzzle of colored feathers, it was time to have lunch and begin our drive to the lowlands that separate the eastern from the central Andes in the Magdalena River Valley.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 2 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

But, Colombia is such a bird-rich country that we didn’t just drive from one point to another. Instead, we made stops along the road and added another endemic, the White-mantled Barbet, as well as more Colombian Chachalacas and the active Lesser Swallow-tailed . Once in the lowlands we explored the grounds around Agualinda, adding some common such as Piratic, Rusty-margined, and Boat-billed flycatchers, Thick-billed Euphonia, and the ubiquitous Blue-gray (apparently outnumbered in this area by the Palm Tanager).

Blue-gray & Palm Tanagers. D. Ascanio ©

Following this week of amazing birds and contrasting , we spent two full days birding in the lowlands. During all three mornings we visited the incredibly bird-rich Rio Claro reserve, a wonderful plot of tropical moist forest, where a parade of tyrant-flycatchers, , and tanagers warmed our ears and enchanted our visit with multicolored vocalizations. In the first morning someone noticed a bird with a long tail that was flying-up and returning to the same branch. Soon after it was described, we all knew that this was the unmistakable Long-tailed Tyrant, a bird that without such a long tail would pass unnoticed as “just another flycatcher.” On another morning, a group of Chestnut-headed Oropendolas flew by the clearing as it rained softly, while the Orange-winged Parakeets enjoyed the sparkling water and the Chestnut-fronted Macaws kept their straight flight to probably another foraging area. Eventually, the soft rain stopped, and we were surprised with a Gray-cowled Wood-Rail probing a pond along the road and understory birds calling from everywhere. Some of the forest birds enjoyed were the Buff- rumped Warbler, Chestnut-backed Antbird, Yellow-olive Flycatcher nesting, and the odd Dusky- faced Tanager.

For the afternoons there were optional plans to visit other kinds of habitats. One was a road crossing patches of tropical humid forest where a male Striolated Manakin gave us a wonderful show, for which we thank another birding group that was in the area and called it to our attention. Aquitania was also a great location for seeing another pair of White-mantled Barbets as well as Blue-necked and Lemon-rumped tanagers.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 3 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Striolated Manakin, male. D. Ascanio ©

In the second afternoon, we were delighted with a visit to an open area, contiguous to the Magdalena River, where we were entertained by a display of different sized birds. Some of the common birds included Black-bellied Whistling-Duck and the small but cute White-fringed Antwren. Other less common species observed included and the amazing Dwarf Cuckoo.

Pied Puffbird. D. Ascanio ©

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 4 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Our next location was a radically different one, from the elevational and geographical point of view. To reach the Western Andes, we drove back to Medellín and, the day after, we continued to the picturesque town of Jardin. The drive was made longer due to a landslide along the main road, but still, we got there early enough to visit a famous property that hosts a lek of the wonderful Andean Cock-of-the-rock. Having the opportunity to see about 11 males displaying in this “arena” was surely a highlight of the tour.

Andean Cock-of-the-rock, male displaying. D. Ascanio ©

But Jardín was more than Cocks-of-the-rock. This town was our headquarters for exploration of the famous Alto de Ventanas road. Although this was a relaxed & easy tour, and we were determined not to start the day at 4:00AM (as most other tours would do), we were attracted by the idea of having a glimpse (at least) of the critically endangered Yellow-eared . So, we committed for a 06:00AM departure, loaded a chiva (old wooded-cabin bus), and headed to the high Andes. It took almost two hours to reach the highest point and a short walk to enter the reserve. As we were enjoying the feeders and the tanagers coming to the bird table, Alejandro suddenly commented, “I am hearing flying.”

Soon after he mentioned the parrots we all raised our heads, trying to determine the direction in which these birds were flying. Then, Alejandro pointed to the other side of the mountains and said, “they are coming from there!” Just seconds after he asked everyone to look in the direction he had pointed, 8 Yellow-eared Parrots appeared in flight, at fairly slow speed, passing over our heads and continuing to the forest in our side of the mountain. What a moment! We could not

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 5 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019 believe that we had just seen one of the most threatened birds of Colombia, and probably in the world!

Yellow-eared Parrot. D. Ascanio ©

Seeing the parrots brought a lot of cheering and happiness that was complemented with views of Buff-tailed Coronet, Mountain Velvetbreast, Masked and White-sided flowerpiercers, Tyrian Metailtail, and Tourmaline Sunangel. Later, we walked along the main road and added Golden- fronted Redstart and Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager to our daily checklist. During the walk along the road we noticed a huge raptor soaring, and to our surprise it came in our direction, thus allowing us to identify another rarity for this location: a Black-and-chestnut Eagle!

Black-and-chestnut Eagle. D. Ascanio ©

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 6 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Eventually it got too warm, and bird activity dropped, thus we decided to drive back to the hotel for a midday break. Once rested, in the afternoon we made a short drive to Finca Bambusa. Here, Doña Piedad has hummingbird feeders and bird tables, and we were welcomed with a treat including delicious cups of coffee, wonderful cake, and an afternoon filled with about 30 species of birds visiting the feeders. All of these—without having to move from our chairs!

Flame-rumped Tanager, bathing. D. Ascanio ©

For our last morning of birding, we made a drive to the below Alto de Ventanas and added several tanagers, tyrant-flycatchers, and becards to our list. But most important, we learned and understood the importance of preserving the rich and varied habitats of Colombia to secure the protection of a country with an amazing natural heritage.

One of the most special moments of the tour occurred when we were driving back to Medellin (from the Magdalena River Valley). There was a request for a rest-stop, so I asked the driver to pull the van into the next store available that had toilets. As we passed a bend on the road, there was a nice place, but it seemed semi-abandoned. Nevertheless, I asked him to stop there. We came down, used the restrooms, and bought drinks to express appreciation to the owner. As we were drinking the waters and sodas, Steph asked me, “Did we miss the chance to see the Beautiful ?” As I was about to reply, “yes, unfortunately yes,” I noticed that behind Steph there was an electric pole, and two had just landed there. I looked carefully and suddenly saw the golden feathers on the nape. So, I looked at Steph, pointed to the birds, and shouted to everyone, “Beautiful Woodpecker!” So here you go: A bird that was going to be missed for sure, was nesting nicely, at close distance, for the enjoyment of all of us. This is what makes birding a funny, entertaining, and educational experience. This is also one of those moments that stay with you for a long time after the tour has concluded!

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 7 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Beautiful Woodpecker (also photo below). D. Ascanio ©

I want to thank you for joining us on our Colombia relaxed & easy tour. We look forward to seeing you again. I want to highlight the importance of using local guides in any country you visit. I express my gratitude to Alejandro Nagy for his amazing management skills in working the field logistics and also for finding several birds. A special word to our driver, Johnny. His driving skills were put to test several times, and he did an excellent job. Please consider joining me in other destinations, equally contrasting and hosting a unique flora and fauna. Some of these tours and cruises are:

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 8 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

The Amazon Cruise Photos: https://www.flickr.com/photos/davidascanio/albums/72157663984130953 Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1b3xYG0cPSo

Costa Rica Photos: https://www.flickr.com/photos/davidascanio/albums/72157698323604261 Video (2015 tour): https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mzgD6NfVNSE

Cuba: Supporting the Cuban people while birding this amazing island. Photos: https://www.flickr.com/photos/davidascanio/sets/72157643519265893/ Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylRHvB1jzdI

White-footed Tamarin D. Ascanio ©

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 9 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

COLOMBIA A Relaxed & Easy Tour July 13–21, 2019

MAP OF LOCATIONS

1.Medellín. 2. Rio Claro reserve. 3. San Juan restaurant. 4. Jardín.

ITINERARY: 13 July 2019. Arrival. Night Medellín. 14 July 2019. Cantos de Agua. Drive to Doradal. 15 July 2019. Rio Claro reserve. La Aquitania. Night Doradal. 16 July 2019. Rio Claro reserve. Road to Puerto Nere. Night Doradal. 17 July 2019. Rio Claro reserve. Drove to Medellín. 18 July 2019. Jardín and Cock-of-the-rocks lek. Night Jardín. 19 July 2019. Alto de Ventana. Reserva Loro Orejiamarillo. Finca Bambusa. Night Jardín. 20 July 2019. Alto de Ventana road. Drove to Medellín. Night Medellín. 21 July 2019. Departure.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 10 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

KEY: ME: MG Hotel, Cantos de Agua. DO: Road to Magdalena River Valley, Doradal, Rio Claro reserve and Aquitania. PN: Puerto Nare farmland and wetlands. JA: Jardín, Alto de Ventana, Reserva Loro Orejiamarillo, Finca Bambusa.

BIRDS: Tinamous / Tinamidae Great Tinamou. Crypturellus major. DO. Heard only.

Ducks / Anatidae Black-bellied Whistling-Duck. Dendrocygna autumnalis. PN. 20 ind.

Guans, Chachalacas & Curassows / Cracidae Colombian Chachalaca. Ortalis columbiana. [Endemic]. ME,DO, JA.

Pigeons and Doves / Columbidae Rock Pigeon (I). Columba livia. Widespread in urban areas. Pale-vented Pigeon. Patagioenas cayannensis. DO, JA. Band-tailed Pigeon. Patagioenas fasciata. ME, JA. Common Ground-Dove. Columbina passerina. DO. Ruddy Ground-Dove. Columbina talpacoti . Widespread. Eared Dove. Zenaida auriculata. Heard only. DO.

Cuckoos / Cuculidae Greater Ani. Crotophaga major. DO. Smooth-billed Ani. Crotophaga ani. DO. Striped Cuckoo. Tapera naevia. PN. Heard only. Dwarf Cuckoo. Coccycua pumila. PN. Superb views! Squirrel Cuckoo. Piaya cayana. DO.

Nightjars & allies / Caprimulgidae Band-winged Nightjar. Systerulla longirostris. JA.

Swifts / Apodidae Short-tailed Swift. Chaetura brachyura. DO. Gray-rumped Swift. Chaetura cinereiventris. DO. Lesser Swallow-tailed Swift. Panyptila cayennensis. DO.

Hummingbirds / Trochilidae were originally believed to be a cross between an and a bird. Furthermore, as a consequence of having such impressive plumage, it is not surprising that a demand started for such fantastic creatures, thus pushing a trade business that shipped hundreds of thousands of hummingbird skins into Europe. By then, there were no common names associated with the hummingbirds. So, how did these birds get such beautiful names? The person to give the most common English names to the hummingbirds was J. Gould on his memorable Monograph of Trochilidae (1849-1861). But, did you know that until the publication of his renowned monograph Gould had never seen a hummingbird alive? Only after finishing such an impressive work did he visit the Americas in May 1857 and see his first living Trochilidae , a Ruby-throated Hummingbird. Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 11 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Rufous-breasted Hermit. Glaucis hirsutus. DO. Green Hermit. Phaethornis guy. JA. Long-billed Hermit, Phaethornis longirostris. DO. Stripe-throated Hermit. Phaethornis striigularis. DO. . Colibri cyanotus. ME, JA. . Colibri coruscans. ME, JA. Tourmaline Sunangel. Heliangelus exortis. JA. Speckled Hummingbird. Adelomyia melanogenys. JA. Tyrian Metailtail, Metallura tyrianthina. JA. Collared Inca. Coeligena torquata. JA. Mountain Velvetbreast. Lafresnaya lafresnayi. JA. Buff-tailed Coronet. Boissonneaua flavescens . JA. Booted Racket-tail. Ocreatus underwoodii. ME. White-bellied Woodstar. Chaetocercus mulsant. ME. Fawn-breasted Brilliant, Heliodoxa rubinoides. JA. Western Emerald, Chlorostilbon melanorhynchus. JA. White-vented Plumeleteer, Chalybura buffonii. DO. Andean Emerald. Amazilia franciae. ME. Blue-chested Emerald, Amazilia amabilis. DO. Steely-vented Hummingbird. Amazilia saucerottei. ME, JA. Rufous-tailed Jummingbird. Amazilia tzacatl. JA.

Rails, Gallinules & Coots / Rallidae Gray-cowled Wood-Rail. Aramides cajaneus. DO. Purple Gallinule. Porphyrio martinica. PN.

Plovers & lapwings / Charadriidae Southern lapwing. Vanellus chilensis. Widespread.

Jacanas / Jacanidae Wattled Jacana. Jacana jacana. PN.

Cormorants & Shags / Phalacrocoracidae Neotropic Cormorant. Phalacrocorax brasilianus. PN.

Herons and egrets / Ardeidae Fasciated Tiger-Heron. Tigrisoma fasciatum. DO. Great Egret. Ardea alba. PN. Cattle Egret. Bubulcus ibis. PN, DO, JA. Striated Heron. Butorides striatus. PN.

Ibises / Threskiornithidae Bare-faced Ibis. Phimosus infuscatus. PN.

New world vultures / Cathartidae King Vulture. Sarcoramphus papa. DO. Black Vulture. Coragyps atratus. Widespread. Turkey Vulture. Cathartes aura. Widespread. Lesser Yellow-headed Vulture. Cathartes burrovianus. PN.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 12 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Hawks, eagles & kites / Accipitridae White-tailed Kite. Elanus leucurus. DO. Black-and-chestnut Eagle. Spizaetus isidori. JA. Sharp-shinned Hawk. Accipiter striatus. (ssp. ventralis, resident). JA. Savanna Hawk. Buteogallus meridionalis. PN. Roadside Hawk. Rupornis magnirotris. Widespread. White-tailed Hawk. Geranoaetus albicaudatus. PN. Variable Hawk. Geranoaetus polysoma. ME. Gray-lined Hawk. Buteo nitidus. PN.

Owls / Striigidae Tropical Screech-Owl. Megascops choliba. JA.

Trogons / Trogonidae White-tailed Trogon. Trogon chionurus. DO. Gartered Trogon. Trogon caligatus . DO.

Motmots / Momotidae Andean (Highland) Motmot. Momotus aequatorialis. ME, JA. Broad-billed Motmot. Electron platyrhynchus. DO.

Kingfishers / Alcedinidae Ringed Kingfisher. Megaceryle torquata. PN. Green Kingfisher. Chloroceryle americana. JA.

Puffbirds / Bucconidae Pied Puffbird. pectoralis. PN. . radiatus. DO. Heard only.

New World Barbets / Capitonidae White-mantled Barbet. Capito hypoleucus. [Endemic]. DO. Astonishing views of two pairs! Red-headed Barbet. Eubucco bourcierii. JA. Great views of a female, and a male seen briefly perched inside a tree.

Toucans / Ramphastidae Southern Emerald-Toucanet. Aulacorhynchus albivitta. JA. Collared Aracari. Pteroglossus torquatus. DO. Yellow-throated . RAmphastos ambiguus. Seen briefly in flight. DO.

Woodpeckers / Picidae Olivaceous Piculet. Picumnus olivaceus. DO. Acorn Woodpecker. formicivorus. ME, JA. Beautiful Woodpecker. Melanerpes pulcher. [Endemic]. The encounter with this wonderful species is posted above in the tour report. DO. Red-crowned Woodpecker. Melanerpes rubricapillus. Widespread. Red-rumped Woodpecker. Dryobates kirkii. DO. Cinnamon Woodpecker. Celeus loricatus. DO. Spot-breasted Woodpecker. Colaptes punctigula. PN.

Falcons and Caracaras / Falconidae

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 13 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Crested Caracara. Caracara cheriwayy. ME, DO. Yellow-headed Caracara. Milvago chimachima. Widespread. American Kestrel. Falco sparverius. DO. Bat Falcon. Falco rufigularis. Flying, distant. DO.

Parrots / Psittacidae The parrots, parakeets, macaws, and parrotlets are usually associated with tropical environments. The Tropics of America is one of these regions where this family radiates in a prominent way. Orange-chinned Parakeet. Brotogeris jugularis. Widespread. Blue-headed Parrot. Pionus menstruus. DO. Bronze-winged Parrot. Pionus chalcopterus. JA. Yellow-crowned Parrot. Amazona ochrocephala. DO. Orange-winged Parrot. Amazona amazonica. DO. Spectacled Parrotlet. Forpus conspicillatus. DO. Brown-throated Parakeet. Eupsittula pertinax. DO. Chestnut-fronted Macaw. Ara severus. DO. Yellow-eared Parrot. Ognorhynchus icterotis. [Endemic]. JA. We were lucky to see various pairs in fligh.

Typical Antbirds / Thamnophilidae Great Antshrike. Taraba major. DO. Heard only. Pacific Antwren. Myrmotherula pacifica. DO. White-fringed Antwren. Formicivora grisea. PN. Chestnut-backed Antbird. Poliocrania exsul. DO.

Ovenbirds and Woodcreepers / Furnariidae Wedge-billed Woodcreeper. Glyphorynchus spirurus. DO. Cocoa Woodcreeper. Xyphorynchus susurrans. DO. Straight-billed Woodcreeper. Dendroplex picus. DO. Streak-headed Woodcreeper. Lepidocolaptes souleyetti. DO. Plain Xenops. Xenops minutus. DO. Streaked Xenops. Xenops rutilans. JA. Pale-legged Hornero. Furnarius leucops. PN. Scoped! Yellow-chinned Spinetail. Certhiaxis cinnamomeus. PN. Azara´s Spinetail. Synallaxis azarae. ME (superb views of a pair), JA.

Tyrant Flycatchers / Tyrannidae Southern Beardless Tyrannulet. Camptostoma obsoletum. DO. Yellow-crowned Tyrannulet. Tyrannulus elatus. DO. Forest Elaenia. Myiopagis garimardii. DO. Yellow-bellied Elaenia. Elaenia flavogaster. DO. Mountain Elaenia. Elaenia frantzii. ME, JA. Ochre-bellied Flycatcher. Mionectes oleaginous. DO. Slaty-capped Flycatcher. Leptopogon superciliaris. DO. Rufous-breasted Flycatcher. Leptopogon rufipectus. JA. Antioquia Bristle-Tyrant. Phylloscartes lanyoni. DO. Endemic! Sooty-headed Tyrannulet. Phyllomyias griseiceps. DO, JA. Golden-faced Tyrannulet. Zimmerius chrysops. ME.

Slate-headed Tody-Flycatcher. Poecilotriccus sylvia. BO.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 14 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Common Tody Flycatcher. Todirostrum cinereum. Widespread. Black-headed Tody-Flycatcher. Todirostrum nigriceps. DO. Olivaceous Flatbill. Rhynchocyclus olivaceus. DO. Yellow-olive Flycatcher. Tolmomyias sulphurescens. DO (nesting). Cinnamon Flycatcher. Pyrrhomyias cinnamomeus. JA. Black Phoebe. Sayornis nigricans. DO, JA. Vermilion Flycatcher. Pyrocephalus rubinus. PN. Pied Water-Tyrant. Fluvicola pica. PN. White-headed Marsh-Tyrant. Arundinicola leucocephala. PN. Yellow-bellied Chat-Tyrant. Ohthoeca diadema. JA. Long-tailed Tyrant. Colonia colonus. DO. Cattle Tyrant. Machetornis rixosa. DO. Bright-rumped Attila. Attila spadiceus. DO. Dusky-capped Flycatcher. Miyarchus tuberculifer. PN. Pale-edge Flycatcher. Miyarchus cephalotes. JA. Great Kiskadee. Pitangus sulphuratus. Widespread. Boat-billed Flycatcher. Megarynchus pitangua. BO. Rusty-margined Flycatcher. Myiozetetes cayanensis. Widepsread. We noticed the lack of bright rufous in the flight feathers (as in other poopulations). Social Flycatcher. Myiozetetes similis. PN. Golden-crowned Flycatcher. Myiodynastes chrysocephalus. ME. Streaked Flycatcher. Myiodynastes maculatus. DO. Piratic Flycatcher. Legatus leucophaius. DO. Tropical Kingbird. Tyrannus melancholicus. Widespread. Fork-tailed Flycatcher. Tyrannus savanna. PN.

Cotingas / Cotingidae Barred Fruiteater. Pipreola arcuata. Heard only. JA. Andean Cock-of-the-rock. Rupicola peruvianus. We had astonishing views of about 11 individuals in the lek. JA.

Manakins / Pipridae White-bearded Manakin. Manacus manacus. DO. Striolated Manakin. Machaeropterus striolatus. DO.

Becards, & Allies / Black-crowned . Tityra inquisitor. DO. Barred . Pachyramphus versicolor. JA. Cinereous Becard. Pachyramphus rufus. PN. Cinnamon Becard. Pachyramphus cinnamomeus. Widespread. White-winged Becard. Pachyramphus polychopterus. JA.

Vireos / Vireonidae Rufous-browed Peppershrike. Ciclarhis gujanensis. DO. Brown-capeed Vireo. Vireo leucophrys. ME, JA.

Crows & Jays / Corvidae Black-chested Jay. Cyanocorax affinis. DO, JA.

Swallows / Hirundinidae

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 15 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

Blue-and-white Swallow. Pygochelidon cyanoleuca. Widespread above 1,000 meters. Southern Rough-winged Swallow. Stelgidopteryx ruficollis. DO. Gray-breasted Martin. Progne chalybea. DO, PN. White-winged Swallow. Tachycineta albiventer. PN.

Wrens / Troglodytidae Scaly-breasted Wren. Microcerculus marginatus. Heard only. Road from Doradal to Medellín. House Wren. Troglodytes aedon. Widespread. Band-backed Wren. Campylorhynchus zonatus. DO. Bicolored Wren. Campylorhynchus griseus. DO. Black-bellied Wren. Pheugopedius fasciatoventris. DO. Bay Wren. Cantorchilus nigricapillus. DO. Gray-breasted Wood-Wren. Henicorhina leucophrys. Ja. Heard only.

Donacobius / Donacobiidae Black-capped Donacobius. Donacobius atricapilla. PN.

Thrushes and Allies / Turdidae Andean Solitaire. Myadestes ralloides. JA. Pale-breasted Thrush. Turdus leucomelas. DO. Pale-vented Thrush. Turdus obsoletus. DO. Clay-colored Thrush. Turdus grayi. JA. Black-billed Thrush. Turdus ignobilis. Widespread. Great Thrush. Turdus fuscater. ME, JA.

Mockingbirds / Mimidae Tropical Mockingbird. Mimus gilvus. BO, road to JD.

Finches, Euphonias & allies / Fringillidae Thick-billed Euphonia. Euphonia laniirostris. Widespread. Fulvous-vented Euphonia. Euphonia fulvicrissa. DO.

New World Sparrows / Passerellidae Rufous-collared Sparrow. Zonotrichia capensis. ME, JA.

Troupials and Allies / Icteridae Russet-backed Oropendola. Psarocolius angustifrons. JA. Crested Oropendola. Psarocolius decumanus. DO. Chestnut-headed Oropendola. Psarocolius wagleri. DO. Yellow-rumped Cacique. Cacicus cela. DO, PN. Yellow-backed Oriole. Icterus chrysater. JA. Yellow Oriole. Icterus nigrogularis. PN. Shiny Cowbird. Molothrus bonariensis. Widespread in open habitats. Giant Cowbird. Molothrus oryzibvorus. DO. Carib Grackle. Quiscalus lugubris. Road from Jardin to Medelín. Red-bellied Grackle. Hypopyrrhus pyrohypogaster. [Endemic]. ME. Superb views! Red-breasted Meadowlark (Blackbird). Leistes militaris. PN. Yellow-hooded Blackbird. Chrysomus icterocephalus. PN.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 16 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

New World Warblers / Parulidae Rufous-capped Warbler. Basileuterus rufifrons. ME. Three-striped Warbler. Basileuterus tristiatus. JA. Buff-rumped Warbler. Myiothlypis fulvicauda. DO. Nesting. Russet-crowned Warbler. Myiothlypis coronata. JA. Slate-throated Redstart (Whitestart). Myioborus miniatus. JA. Golden-fronted Redstart (Whitestart). Myioborus ornatus. JA.

Mitrospingus tanagers / Dusky-faced Tanager. Mitrospingus cassinii. Rio Claro. DO.

Cardinal & allies / Cardinalidae Sooty Ant-Tanager. Habia gutturalis. DO. Heard only.

Tanagers and Allies / Thraupidae Black-faced Tanager. Schistochlamys melanopis. DO. Gray-headed Tanager. Eucometis penicillata. DO. White-lined Tanager. Tachyphonus rufus. JA. Flame-rumped Tanager. Ramphocelus flammigerus. ME, JA. We observed both morphs, the lemon rump type and the bright red rump type. Crimson-backed Tanager. Ramphocelus dimidiatus. Widespread. Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager. Anisognathus lacrymosus. JA. Seen by some tour participants. Blue-gray Tanager. Thraupis episcopus. Widespread. Palm Tanager. Thraupis palmarum Widespread. Scrub Tanager. Tangara vitriolina. ME, JA. Golden-hooded Tanager. Tangara larvata. ME, DO. Blue-necked Tanager. Tangara cyanicoliis. ME, JA. Beryl-spangled Tanager. TAngara nigroviridis. JA. Metallic-green Tanager. Tangara labradorides. ME, JA. Plain-colored Tanager. TAngara inornata. DO. Bay-headed Tanager. Tangara gyrola. JA. Black-capped Tanager. Tangara heinei. ME. Black-faced Dacnis. Dacnis lineata. DO. Blue Dacnis. Dacnis cayana. DO. Green Honeycreeper. Chlorophanes spiza. DO, JA. Guira Tanager. Hemithraupis guira. JA. White-eared Conebill. Conirostrum leucogenys. PN. White-sided Flowerpiercer. Diglossa alboilatera. ME, JA. Masked Flowerpiercer. Diglossa cyanea. JA. Saffron Finch. Sicalis flaveola. Widespread. Ruddy-breasted Seedeater. Sporophila minuta. DO. Thick-billed Seed-Finch. Sporophila funereus. DO. Yellow-bellied Seedeater. Sporophila nigricollis. DO, PN. Bananaquit. Coereba flaveola. Widespread. Yellow-faced Grassquit. Tiaris olivaceus. JA. Buff-throated Saltator. Saltator maximus. DO. Grayish Saltator. Saltator coerulescens. DO. Streaked Saltator. Saltator striatipectus. JA.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 17 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019

MAMMALS: Hoffma´s Two-toed Sloth. Choloepus hoffmanni. DO. White-footed Tamarin. Saguinus leucops. DO. Superb nive views of a family group! White-fronted Capuchin. Cebus albifrons. 7 ind. DO. Red-tailed Squirrel. Sciurus granatensis. CM, SA. Jamaican Fruit-eating Bat. Artibeus jamaicensis. DO.

OTHER SPECIES: Spectacled Cayman. Caiman crocodilus. DO. Brook’s House Gecko. Hemidactylus brookii. DO. . Iguana iguana. DO. Marine Toad. Bufo marinus. DO. Arboreal termites. DO. Leaf-cutter Ant. Atta sp. DO. Blue Morpho. Morpho sp. DO.

Victor Emanuel Nature Tours 18 Colombia: Relaxed & Easy, 2019