EUROPEAN TOPIC CENTRE ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats Expert group on Reporting under the Nature Directives

15th March 2016

Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Introduction The present note is an introduction to the Art 17 checklists which will be made available to members of the Expert Group on Reporting after its March meeting. The note aims at explaining the different steps undertaken by ETC/BD to prepare a draft updated version of the Art 17 checklists for the 2013-2018 reporting cycle. It includes a summary of the principles retained to prepare the lists, taking into account the various comments received from Member States after the meeting of the Expert Group on Reporting in November 2015, as well as a number of taxonomic choices that were made. The note also indicates the type of feedback needed from members of the Expert Group on Reporting.

I. From 2007-2012 to 2013-2018 checklists The proposed draft checklists for 2013-2018 reporting were prepared as follows: - Compilation of the checklist from the 2007-2012 reporting; - Addition of Annex I habitats and Annex II species for Croatia, based on information reported in the Natura 2000 database; - Integration of information on habitats and species from the delayed Greek Art 17 delivery; - Dealing with taxonomic issues with the aim to propose a more updated list of species names under which Member States should report; - Pre-assignment of category of occurrence to each habitat/species, using the typology presented in III). Pre-assignment of marginal occurrence category was based on a review by ETC/BD of species reported with low populations in a given region/ country.

II. Dealing with changes in species taxonomy A common understanding by Member States of species names is a crucial condition for merging the reports in order to compare information across countries and to produce an EU level assessment of the conservation status. The basic rule in aligning the species checklist with the current taxonomy is to report at the species level in line with current understanding of the taxonomy. Since there is no up-to-date taxonomical reference covering all species groups in Europe, any modification of the Art. 17 checklist should be based on available scientific literature.

Following a review of the scientific literature and taking into account comments and recommendations made by Member States (see Annex 3), a preliminary update of the species names is proposed by the ETC/BD. It should be stressed however that this update is not exhaustive and unsolved taxonomic problems remain for a few species.

In order to ensure a proper cross-link with the 2007-2013 reporting, each species is listed with 1) the species name used in the previous reporting round and 2) a recommended name for the 2013-2018 reporting.

The following steps were undertaken: - Cross-linking between the ‘recommended names’ and the reference code list of species used for Natura 2000 to identify mismatches in species names; - Looking at comments and proposals by Member States for use of scientific names for selected species. When possible proposals were integrated to further development of checklist;

2 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

- Checking the available information from global taxonomical references (e.g. Catalogue of Life, Fauna Europea, Eur+Med PlantBase), regional or national databases (e.g. DynTaxa in Sweden, TaxRef in France) and regional or national checklists; - In case of conflicting taxonomical opinions or in a situation where authors acknowledge that further studies are needed to clarify the taxonomy of a species, the species name recommended is the one used for the last reporting (very often the name in the Habitats Directive). The modification of a name is related to three types of issues: change in nomenclature, taxonomic split and change of concept.

1. Nomenclature change (without change of concept) (one-to-one) In this case, the concept of the species (the populations it covers) is clearly outlined, but there are several names in use. A taxon name can be outdated or invalid, or the genus was modified and thus the species name will change. When there is no change of concept from the species listed in the annexes of the Directive, the change of name does not modify the understanding of the species by the Member States. 2. Taxonomical split (one-to-many) In this case, the species has been revised and now represents more than one species. Table 2 in Annex 1 provides an overview of species for which taxonomical splits have been reported by Member States as well as ETC/BD recommendations to submit either separate Art 17 reports for the reporting period 2013-2018 or a joint report covering several newly recognised species. The ETC/BD proposal follows the principles outlined above and discussed at the Expert group meeting in November 2015. In some exceptional situations, if the newly described species cannot be distinguished and they have a sympatric occurrence (they occur in the same geographical area), the recommended name for reporting will be the name listed in the Habitats Directive which can cover several newly recognised species. 3. Merging of the taxon into a larger taxonomical concept (many-to-one) When a species is now included in a larger species concept, it often loses its specific or even subspecific status. When the valid name relates to a species which is not targeted by annexes of the Directive, the Member States will consider the interpretation of the species at the time when the annexes of the Directive were drafted or amended. For example Anacamptis urvilleana is now considered a synonym for Anacamptis pyramidalis which is a relatively common and widespread species not included in the Directive. However, for the purpose of reporting the name Anacamptis pyramidalis should refer exclusively to the Maltese population(s) previously known as Anacamptis urvilleana (Anacamptis pyramidalis).

Annex 2 presents a list of plant species for which discrepancies between taxonomical sources remain or for which the proposed name affects the understanding of the species. Members of the Expert Group on Reporting are invited to comment on this list.

3 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

III. Review of categories of occurrence The Article 17 Checklists indicate the presence of habitats/species in Member States biogeographical or marine regions. In the previous document entitled ‘Principles for updating the Article 17 checklist for species’, tabled by ETC/BD at the EGR meeting in November 2015, a first proposal for revised categories of occurrence was presented. In the present note a simplified and revised version of the list, also including relevant categories for habitats, is presented in Table 1. More details and examples on these categories will be provided in the Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for reporting.

Table 1: Summary of categories of occurrence applying to habitats/species and need for reporting

Code Description Reporting HABITATS SPECIES PRE The habitat type is present in the region or the species Mandatory report X X occurs regularly in the region1. ARR Newly arriving species that do not represent a Mandatory at NA X permanent component of the fauna or flora of a least partial report biogeographical/marine region, but which have started to be recorded recently within the region since 2000 and are still expanding their natural range EXa Species which became extinct (in a biogeographical or Mandatory report NA X marine region) after the Habitats Directive came into force in the Member State. This category includes species for which the last record (even if it was a single individual) was noted after the date when the Directive came into force in the Member State; these species previously had a permanent/regular occurrence in the region. This category also applies for species for which (the last/the only) reproducing population within the region became extinct after the Directive came into force but which still occur as vagrant or occasional (vagrant individuals from populations in neighbouring countries/regions are present). EXp Species which became extinct (in a biogeographical or Recommended NA X marine region) prior to the Habitats Directive coming into report force in the Member State but after the nineteen-forties. but This category includes species which had previously stable Mandatory in case occurrence in the region and for which the last record (even of a restoration/ if it was a single individual) was before the date when the reintroduction plan Directive came into force. MAR Species/ habitat of marginal occurrence, i.e. principally in one Species/habitat to No report No report region (or Member State) with population/area extending to be included in a neighbouring region (or Member State), where the checklist but no abundance of a species/ area of habitat is insignificant. report Marginal populations are closely connected to the main population occurring in the neighbouring region or Member State (for example immigration of individuals) so their favourable status can be achieved only in relation with the main population.

1 The species or habitat types which do not occur in the area of Cyprus where the Community acquis applies at present are noted N/R. 4 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

OCC Occasionally occurring species (also called ‘vagrant’). Recommended at NA X Occasional species are species which do not have stable least partial report and regular occurrence in the biogeographical/marine region and which number of specimens is insignificant. Reproduction within a biogeographical/marine region is not recorded or is very sporadic. SCR The occurrence of the species/ habitat is uncertain. Optional report X X In the case of species, applies when there are only occasional historical records and it is not possible to judge whether it occurs in the region regularly in significant numbers. This criterion should not be used

for species which disappeared recently from a region.

In the case of habitats, this category applies if, for instance, it is not possible to judge whether a habitat occurs or not in the

biogeographical region due to problems of interpretation of the habitat definition in the Interpretation manual.

TAX The taxonomy of the species remains unclear or was ambiguous Mandatory report NA X in the time the Annexes of the Directive were drafted.

IV. Reporting on anadromous fish The Annexes of the Habitats Directive list several species occurring in the marine environment. All of the fish listed in the Annexes occurring in the sea are anadromous, i.e. migrate between rivers and the sea (see the list below): Acipenser gueldenstaedtii Acipenser nudiventris Acipenser naccarii Acipenser oxyrinchus Acipenser stellatus Acipenser sturio Huso huso Alosa tanaica Alosa alosa Alosa fallax Alosa immaculata Lampetra fluviatilis Petromyzon marinus Thymallus thymallus - only in FI and SE Coregonus albula - only in FI and SE Coregonus oxyrhynchus

At the meeting of the Expert Group on Reporting held in November 2015, the ETC/BD made a proposal for separate reports on anadromous species for marine and terrestrial biogeographical regions. This proposal was rejected by concerned Member States. Bearing in mind the lack of knowledge on marine stages of the life cycle of most anadromous fish species and the fact that the same fish populations occur in marine areas and rivers (so the status in adjacent biogeographical and marine regions is closely linked), the decision is that the status of anadromous fish should only be assessed in terrestrial regions.

5 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Information on ‘habitat quality and availability’ and ‘pressures and threats’ specific to the marine environment should be included in the terrestrial report. The only exception to these rules is for Acipenseridae (three species) for which Member States have to provide separate reports for the marine and terrestrial regions, i.e.: 4. Acipenser sturio the only extant spawning population occurs in Garonne in France2 and there are some indications of its presence in Evros river in Greece3. This critically endangered species spends a significant part of its life in marine areas. 5. Acipenser gueldenstaedtii and Acipenser stellatus the last Black Sea spawning populations occur in Danube with spawning of Acipenser gueldenstaedtii expected also in Rioni river4. As for the Atlantic sturgeon this critically endangered species are under pressure in both rivers and marine areas.

V. Feedback expected from the Expert Group on Reporting Before the draft Art 17 checklists listing species and habitats per country and per region are made available to Member States, feedback is expected on the following:  Confirmation on the selected occurrence categories as listed in Table 1  Confirmation on proposed separate or joint reports for species listed in Table 2 (Annex 1)  Comments on proposed species names for plants listed in Annex 2 (i.e. discrepancies between taxonomical sources or proposed species name changing the understanding of the species)

Once the spreadsheets with Art 17 checklists made available to Member States, the following information will have to be checked and validated: - Recommended species name (column: ‘recommended_name’) - Biogeographical/marine region (column: ‘region’) - Categories of occurrence (column: ‘occurrence’)

Any proposed modification to the table should be reported in the green columns: ‘region_corrected’, ‘recommended_name_corrected’, ‘occurence_corrected’ and ‘explanations’.

Any proposed addition should be made in the sheet called ‘Features_to_be_added’.

In all cases, proposed modifications including additions and removals should be explained and if possible documented.

For Croatia, the species and habitats that are missing, particularly for Annex IV and Annex V species, should be added in the sheet called ‘Features_to_be_added’.

Possible implications of the updated Art 17 checklists on the Natura 2000 reference list will have to be further assessed.

2 Gesner, J., Williot, P., Rochard, E., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2010. Acipenser sturio. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T230A13040963. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-1.RLTS.T230A13040963.en. Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 3 Koutrakis E., Sapounidis A., L. Favre-Krey, G. Krey, P.S. Economidis. 2011. Incidental catches of Acipenseridae in the estuary of the River Evros, Greece. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 27: 366–368. 4 Gesner, J., Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M. 2010. Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T232A13042009. . Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 6 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 EUROPEAN TOPIC CENTRE ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Annex 1

Table 2: List of species newly recognised as splitted by ETC/BD and recommendations for separate or joint Art 17 reports

Species name Taxonomical Name as listed in for the 2007- Newly described species Note group the HD 2012 reporting Reptiles Ablepharus kitaibelii Ablepharus Ablepharus kitaibelii Separate reports for both newly recognised species kitaibelii Ablepharus budaki Amphibians Alytes obstetricans Alytes Alytes obstetricans Separate reports for both newly recognised species.

obstetricans New species Alytes dickhilleni endemic to south-eastern part of Iberian Peninsula was Alytes dickhilleni described in Arntzen & Garcia-Paris (1995)5. Its specific status was also confirmed in later phylogenetical studies. Invertebrates Austropotamobius Austropotamobius Austropotamobius pallipes Joint report for both species under the name Austropotamobius pallipes pallipes pallipes

Austropotamobius italicus Recent genetic work (Grandjean et al. 20006, Fratini et al. 20057 showed that the Italian form of Austropotamobius pallipes should be elevated to the species status. However the taxonomical status of Austropotamobius italicus is still contested by some authors8 Fish Barbus meridionalis Barbus Barbus balcanicus For 2013-18 reporting joint report B. balcanicus, B. petenyi and B. meridionalis Barbus caninus carpathicus under the technical term “Barbus meridionalis all others”. Barbus carpathicus Separate reports for B. meridionalis s.str., B.caninus and B. Barbus meridionalis peloponnesius

Barbus peloponnesius B. meridionalis is restricted to northern Iberian Peninsula and southern France. Barbus petenyi B.caninus is endemic to northern Adriatic basin. B. peloponnesius is restricted Peloponnesus peninsula and western Greece.

The morphological distinction of B. balcanicus, B. petenyi and B. carpathicus is not Barbus rebeli possible and the species are recognised based on the molecular markers. On top of that these species have sympatric occurrence and the taxonomy of this group in some parts of natural range is unclear (Kottelat and Freyhof 2007)9

5 Arntzen, J.W. & Garcıa-Parıs, M. (1995) Morphological and allozyme studies of midwife toads (Genus Alytes), including the description of two new taxa from Spain. Contributions to Zoology, 65, 5–34. 6 Grandjean, F., Gouin, N., Souty-Grosset, C. and Diéguez-Uribeondo, J. 2001a. Drastic bottlenecks in the endangered crayfish species Austropotamobius pallipes in Spain and implications for its colonization history. Heredity 86: 1-8. 7 Fratini, S., Zaccara, S., Barbaresi, S., Grandjean, F., Souty-Grosset, C., Crosa, G. and Gherardi, F. 2005. Phylogeography of the threatened crayfish (genus Austropotamobius) in Italy: implications for its taxonomy and conservation. Heredity 94(1): 108-118. 8 Füreder, L., Gherardi, F., Holdich, D., Reynolds, J., Sibley, P. & Souty-Grosset, C. 2010. Austropotamobius pallipes. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010. Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 9 Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp.

Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Amphibians Bombina variegata Bombina variegata Separate reports for both newly recognised species Bombina variegata Bombina pachypus (endemic to southern Italy) was recently distinguished from Bombina variegata (Lanza and Vanni 199110; Canestrelli et al. 200611). Although it is still considered as a Bombina pachypus subspecies by some authors e.g. Hofman et al. 2007 12 in line with Catalogue of Life and IUCN13 the separate report is proposed for this species. Amphibians Bufo viridis Bufo viridis Bufo viridis For 2013-18 reporting joint report B. viridis and B. balearicus under the name Bufotes boulengeri ‘Bufo viridis Complex’. Separate reports for B. siculus and B. boulengeri Bufotes balearicus New species B. balearicus, B. siculus, B. boulangeri were described by Stöck et al.200814 based on molecular markers. There is clear genetic evidence that the Sicilian populations and Bufotes siculus population from Lampedusa island belong to a separate species (B. siculus, B. boulangeri) (MS comments). B. balearicus and B. viridis were distinguished based on molecular markers and further research is needed in order to define geographical limits of these two species. Amphibians Euproctus asper Euproctus asper Calotriton asper Separate reports for both newly recognised species

Calotriton arnoldi New species endemic to Iberian peninsula was described by Carranza and Amat 200515 Reptiles Chalcides viridianus Chalcides viridianus Chalcides viridianus Separate reports for both newly recognised species Chalcides Former subspecies Chalcides viridianus coeruleopunctatus was recently elevated to the species coeruleopunctatus status. Fish Cobitis taenia Cobitis taenia Cobitis elongatoides No change in comparison to the previous reporting period. Joint report for Cobitis strumicae ‘Cobitis taenia Complex’

Cobitis tanaitica

10 Lanza, B., Andreone, F., Bologna, M.A., Corti, C. and Razzetti, E. 2007. Fauna d'Italia Amphibia. Vol. XLII. Edizioni Calderini de Il Sole 24 ORE Editoria Specializzta S.r.l., Bologna. 11 Canestrelli D, Cimmaruta R, Costantini V, Nascetti G (2006)Genetic diversity and phylogeography of the Apennine yellowbellied toad Bombina pachypus, with implications for conservation. Molecular Ecology, 15, 3741–3754. 12 Hofman, S., Spolsky, C., Uzzell, T., Cogălniceanu, D., Babik, W. and Szymura, J. 2007. Phylogeography of the fire-bellied toads, Bombina: independent Pleistocene histories inferred from mitochondrial genomes. Molecular Ecology 16: 2301-2316. 13 Franco Andreone, Claudia Corti, Roberto Sindaco, Antonio Romano, Filippo Giachi, Stefano Vanni, Giovanni Delfino. 2009. Bombina pachypus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009. Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 14 Stöck, M., Sicilia, A., Belfiore, N., Buckley, D., Lo Brutto, S., Lo Valvo, M. and Arculeo, M. 2008. Post-Messinian evolutionary relationships across the Sicilian channel: Mitochondrial and nuclear markers link a new green toad from Sicily to African relatives. BMC Evolutionary Biology 56(8): doi:10.1186/1471-2148-8-56. 15 Carranza, S and Amat, F. 2005. Taxonomy, biogeography and evolution of Euproctus (Amphibia: Salamandridae), with the resurrection of the genus Calotriton and the description of a new endemic species from the Iberian Peninsula. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 145: 555–582.

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Invertebrates Congeria kusceri Congeria kusceri Separate reports for both newly recognised species Congeria kusceri

Recent phylogenetic work of Bilandžija et al. 201316 showed that Congeria kusceri should be Congeria jalzici separated into three distinct species (two of them occurring within the EU). Both newly recognised species are endemics of Dinaric Karst and have restricted distribution. Fish Coregonus spp. Coregonus albula Coregonus albula Separate reports for all currently recognised species Coregonus fontanae Coregonus lucinensis Current taxonomy recognizes several species within C. albula complex (Kottelat and Freyhof Coregonus trybomi 2007). All have restricted distribution and the half of the Member States provided already optional separate reports following the current taxonomy. Coregonus vandesius Mammals All other Eptesicus bottae Replaces Eptesicus bottae. Microchiroptera Eptesicus anatolicus MS comments : Eptesicus bottae does not occur within the EU (Cyprus and Rhodos island) and should be replaced with Eptesicus anatolicus Mammals All other Eptesicus serotinus Separate reports for both newly recognised species Microchiroptera Eptesicus serotinus Ibanez et al. 200617 described from the southern Iberian Peninsula morphologically and genetically distinct species E. isabellinus. Joint report was provided for the previous reporting Eptesicus isabellinus period mainly due to very recent split. For the reporting period 2013-18 separate assessments should be made. Fish Eudontomyzon spp. Eudontomyzon mariae Eudontomyzon mariae Separate reports for both newly recognised species Eudontomyzon vladykovi Invertebrates Euphydryas aurinia Euphydryas aurinia Euphydryas aurinia Joint report for E. aurinia, E. glaciegenita and E. provincialis under the name E. aurinia. The specific status of these species is not widely recognised. Euphydryas provincialis Euphydryas glaciegenita MS comments: Euphydryas aurinia represents a species complex in Italy and three distinct species/subspecies can be recognised within this complex. Plants Himantoglossum Himantoglossum Replaces Himantoglossum caprinum caprinum caprinum Himantoglossum jankae According to Molnar et al. 201218 Himantoglossum caprinum was a name erroneously applied to widely recognised lizard orchid species and the name Himantoglossum jankae should be used instead

16 Bilandžija, H. Morton, B. , Podnar, M. and Ćetković, H. 2013: Evolutionary history of relict Congeria (Bivalvia: Dreissenidae): unearthing the subterranean biodiversity of the Dinaric Karst. Frontiers in Zoology 10:5 17 IBÁNEZ C., J. L. GARCÍA-MUDARRA, M. RUEDI, B. STADELMANN, J. JUSTE1 2006. The Iberian contribution to cryptic diversity in European bats Acta Chiropterologica, 8(2): 277–297 18 Molnar, A.; Kreutz, C.A.J.; Ovari, M.; Sennikov, A.N.; Bateman, R.M.; Takacs, A.; Somlyay, L.; Sramko, G., 2012.Himantoglossum jankae (Orchidaceae: Orchideae), a new name for a long-misnamed lizard orchid Phytotaxa 73 (2012). - ISSN 1179-3155 - p. 8 - 12.

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Invertebrates Hirudo medicinalis Hirudo medicinalis Separate reports for both newly recognised species Hirudo medicinalis

According to recent studies (Kutschera 201219 and Kutschera and Elliot 201420) the medicinal Hirudo verbana leeches should represent a species complex with two species present in the EU: Hirudo verbena occurring in southern Europe and Hirudo medicinalis occurring elsewhere. Amphibians Hyla arborea Hyla arborea Hyla arborea Separate reports for H. molleri and H. intermedia. For 2013-18 reporting Hyla orientalis joint report for H. arborea and H. orientalis Hyla molleri Recent genetic studies (Nascetti et al. 199521 ) suggest that the Italian population of treefrog should be considered as a distinct species Hyla intermedia endemic to Italy with one small population occurring in Slovenia22.

Stöck et al. 200823 elevated several subspecies of Hyla arborea, including Hyla molleri, to the species rank. The results of this study were further confirmed by Barth et al. 201124. The new Hyla intermedia species occurs in Iberian Peninsula, where H. arborea is absent and in Aquitaine, where it was in past confused with H. meridionalis.

The results of the study of Stöck et al. 2008 further suggest that the European treefrog is represented by two species Hyla arborea and Hyla orientalis. These species are only distinguished based on molecular markers and further research is needed in order to define geographical limits and allow for separate assessment of the status. Reptiles Lacerta viridis Lacerta viridis Separate reports for both newly recognised species Lacerta viridis Recently the specific status of two species L. viridis and L. bilineata has been confirmed by molecular studies (Böhme et al. 200725) Both species have distinct natural ranges in the most of the Europe and Lacerta bilineata have a different IUCN threat status. The geographical differentiation remains to be resolved in a small part of their range (northern Italy and Slovenia)

19 Kutschera, U. 2012. The Hirudo medicinalis species complex. Naturwissenschaften May 2012, Volume 99, Issue 5, pp 433-434 20 Kutschera, U and Elliott J. M. 2014. The European medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis L.: Morphology and occurrence of an endangered species. Zoosyst. Evol. 91 (2) 2014, 271–280. 21 Nascetti, G., Lanza, B. and Bullini, L. 1995. Genetic data support the specific status of the Italian treefrog (Amphibia: Anura: Hylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia: 215-227. 22 Franco Andreone, Benedikt Schmidt, Milan Vogrin, Claudia Corti, Roberto Sindaco, Antonio Romano. 2009. Hyla intermedia. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2009. Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 23 Stöck M., Dubey S., Klütsch C., Litvinchuk S., Scheidt U., Perrin N. 2008 – Mitochondrial and nuclear phylogeny of circum-Mediterranean tree frogs from the Hyla arborea group. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 49: 1019- 1024. 24 Barth A., Galán P., Donaire D., González de la Vega J. P., Pabijan M. & Vences M. 2011 – Mitochondrial uniformity in populations of the treefrog Hyla molleri across the Iberian Peninsula. Amphibia-Reptilia, 32: 557- 564 25 Böhme, M. U.; Fritz, U.; Kotenko, T.; Dzukic, G.; Ljubisavljevic, K.; Tzankov, N. & Berendonk, T. U. (2007). Phylogeography and cryptic variation within the Lacerta viridis complex (Lacertidae, Reptilia). - Zoologica Scripta, 36: 119–131. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00262.x

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Reptiles Lacerta monticola Lacerta monticola Iberolacerta monticola Separate reports for all newly recognised species Iberolacerta cyreni 26 Iberolacerta galani According to the overview of the recent changes in the taxonomy of reptiles, Speybroeck 2007 three new species have been described within the Iberian genus Iberolacerta from the previous Iberolacerta range of I. monticola. Newly described species are endemic to southern Spain and have martinezricai restricted distribution. Fish Leuciscus souffia Leuciscus souffia Telestes souffia Separate reports for both newly recognised species

The previous subsepcies Leuciscus souffia muticellus (occuring in Italy) is recently recognised as Telestes muticellus a full species. (Kottelat & Freyhof 2007).The species can be distinguished based on morphological characters. Mammals Myotis blythii Myotis blythii Myotis oxygnathus No change. Only report for Myotis blythii is expected

27 Myotis blythii Some authors (Ruedi and Mayer 2001 ) consider Myotis oxygnathus as a distinct species. Its specific status is however not widely recognised (IUCN28) Mammals Myotis blythii Myotis blythii In the Art 17 checklist the species Myotis punicus was erroneously considered as Annex IV Myotis punicus species. For the 2012-18 reporting its status should be corrected to Annex II and IV. Mammals All other Myotis nattereri For 2013-18 reporting joint report for M. nattereri and M. escalerai Microchiroptera Myotis nattereri M. escalerai was described as the full species ecologically, morphologically and genetically distinct from M. natterii by Ibanez et al. 200629. The species occurs in Pyrenees. According to the MS Comments these are cryptic taxa whose differentiation is only assured by genetic analyses and more Myotis escalerai studies are needed in order to distinguish these species in the field.

Plants Narcissus Narcissus longispathus longispathus Narcissus longispathus Separate reports for all newly recognised species. Narcissus yepesii According to the Red data book of Spain two new species have been described from the previous populations of N. longispathu: N. yepesii and N. segurensis Narcissus segurensis

26 Speybroeck J. 2007 Species list of the Euroepan herpetofauna – a tentative update. Podarcis 8(1/2), 8-34. 27 Ruedi, M. and Mayer, F. 2001. Molecular systematics of bats of the genus Myotis (Vespertilionidae) suggests deterministic ecomorphological convergences. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 21: 436-448. 28 Tony Hutson, Friederike Spitzenberger, Javier Juste, Stéphane Aulagnier, Juan Tomas Alcaldé, Zoltan Nagy, Ioan Coroiu. 2007. Myotis blythii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2007. Downloaded on 16 February 2016. 29 IBÁNEZ C., J. L. GARCÍA-MUDARRA, M. RUEDI, B. STADELMANN, J. JUSTE1 2006. The Iberian contribution to cryptic diversity in European bats Acta Chiropterologica, 8(2): 277–297

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Invertebrates Osmoderma Osmoderma eremita Osmoderma eremita Separate reports for O. cristinae and O. italica species endemic to Italy. For eremita Osmoderma barnabita 2013-18 reporting joint report for O. eremita, O. barnabita, O. lassallei under Osmoderma cristinae the name ‘Osmoderma eremita Complex’. Osmoderma italica The taxonomy of this species has been revised but still further data are needed to clarify the status of new species/semi-species and distribution limits of potential species so far described within Osmoderma Osmoderma lassallei eremita s.l. (Audisio et al. 200730, Audisio et al. 200931 ). Due to different threat status the separate report should be provided for two Italian endemic species. Reptiles Podarcis wagleriana Podarcis wagleriana Podarcis wagleriana Separate reports for both newly recognised species.

Podarcis raffonei Podarcis raffonei, critically endangered lizard endemic to Aeolian islands was elevated to the species status. Amphibians Rana temporaria Rana temporaria Rana pyrenaica No change.

MS comments: Spain suggested the addition of Rana pyrenaica linked to the HD species Rana temporaria. New species, Rana pyrenaica, was discovered and described from Pyrenees by Rana temporaria Serra-Cobo, 199332. Later phylogenetical studies33 showed; that the species is phylogenetically related to Rana temporaria. The link of Rana pyrenaica and the Annex V species Rana temporaria is not clear. Fish Rhodeus sericeus Rhodeus sericeus Separate reports for both newly recognised species. amarus amarus Rhodeus sericeus amarus Previous subspecies Rhodeus sericeus amarus is according to the current taxonomic knowledge represented in Europe by two distinct species. R. amarus (occurring widely in EU) and R. meridionalis (described from Vardar river and recently known to occur more widely in Greece Rhodeus meridionalis and marginally in Bulgaria). GR provided separate report for R. meridionalis for the previous reporting period.

30 AUDISIO P., H. BRUSTEL, G. Maria CARPANETO, G. COLETTI, E. MANCINI, E. PIATTELLA, M. TRIZZINO, M. DUTTO, G. ANTONINI, A. DE BIASE 2007. UPDATING THE TAXONOMY AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE EUROPEAN OSMODERMA, AND STRATEGIES FOR THEIR CONSERVATION (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae) Fragmenta entomologica, Roma, 39 (2): 273-290 31 Audisio P., H. Brustel, G. M. Carpaneto, G. Coletti, E. Mancini, M. Trizzino, G. Antonini, A. De Biase 2009 Data on molecular taxonomy and genetic diversification of the European Hermit beetles, a species complex of endangered insects (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae, Cetoniinae, Osmoderma) J Zool Syst Evol Res 47(1), 88–95 32 Serra-Cobo, J. (1993). Descripción de una nueva especie europea de rana parda (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae). Alytes, 11: 1-15. 33 Veith M., Vences, M., Vieites, D. R. , Nieto-Román, S., Palanca, A. (2002). Genetic differentiation and population structure within the Spanish common frogs (Rana temporaria complex; Ranidae, Amphibia). Folia Zoologica, 51 (2): 307-318

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Fish Rutilus lemmingii Rutilus lemmingii Iberochondrostoma lemmingii Separate reports for all newly recognised species. Achondrostoma salamantinum Two endemic species were described from the populations Rutilus lemmingii in Spain by Doadrio and Carmona (2003)34 and Doadrio and Elvira (2007)35 Iberochondrostoma oretanum Fish Rutilus Rutilus macrolepidotus Achondrostoma Separate reports for both newly recognised species. macrolepidotus oligolepis 36 Achondrostoma New species Chondrostoma occidentale was described in Robalo et al. (2005) corresponding to the southernmost populations of Ch. oligolepis (Rutilus macrolepidotus). occidentale Fish Sabanejewia aurata Sabanejewia aurata Sabanejewia balcanica Separate reports for all newly recognised species.

Sabanejewia baltica Several subspecies of this species have been recently elevated to the species status (S. Sabanejewia bulgarica balcanica, S. baltica, S. vallachica, S.bulgarica). S. aurata (the name listed in the Directive) does not occur in the EU (Kottelat and Freyhof 2007). Although Kottelat and Freyhof (2007) point out at problems of differentiation of species in Danube drainage (S. balcanica, S. vallachica, S.bulgarica ) the ecological differentiation seems possible. Two species occurring in Bulgaria are Sabanejewia vallachica assessed separately in the Red data book. They inhabits different stretches of rivers, Sabanejewia balcanica occurs in middle reaches of Danube tributaries and Sabanejewia bulgarica inhabits Danube Amphibians Salamandrina Salamandrina terdigitata terdigitata Separate reports for both newly recognised species. Salamandrina terdigitata Within Salamandrina terdigitata new species endemic to central and northern peninsular Italy, S. perspicillata, was recognised by Canestrelli et al (2006)37 . Although Salamandrina perspicillata can be definitively distinguished from S. terdigitata mainly using genetical markers, the Salamandrina distinction based on morphological character is giving very good results.38 perspicillata

34 Doadrio, I. and Carmona, J. A., 2003. A NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS CHONDROSTOMA AGASSIZ, 1832 (ACTINOPTERYGII, CYPRINIDAE) FROM THE IBERIAN PENINSULA. Graellsia, 59(1): 29-36 35 Doadrio, I. and B. Elvira, 2007. A new species of the genus Achondrostoma Robalo, Almada, Levy and Doadrio, 2007 (Actynopterigii, Cyprinidae) from Western Spain. Graellsia 63(2):295-304. 36 Robalo, J. I., Almada,V. C., C. Sousa Santos, C., Moreira, M. I. and I. Doadrio I., 2005. NEW SPECIES OF THE GENUS CHONDROSTOMA AGASSIZ, 1832 (ACTYNOPTERIGII, CYPRINIDAE) FROM WESTERN PORTUGAL.Graellsia, 61(1): 19-29 37 Canestrelli, D., Zangari, F., and Nascetti, G. (2006). ''Genetic evidence for two distinct species within the Italian endemic species Salamandrina terdigitata (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Amphibia: Urodela: Salamandridae).'' Herpetological Journal, 16, 221-227. 38 AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2016. Berkeley, California: AmphibiaWeb. Available: http://amphibiaweb.org/. (Accessed: Feb 17, 2016).

13 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Fish Salmo macrostigma Salmo cetti Salmo ghigii No change.

Some authors consider Salmo ghigii as a distinct species, but according to the Fishbase this is Salmo cetti the synonym of Salmo cetti. Plant Separate reports for both newly recognised species. Sideroxylon canariensis Sideroxylon Sideroxylon canariensis Populations of Canary islands considered to belong to Sideroxylon marmulano were recently canariensis Sideroxylon marmulano described as a separate species Sideroxylon canariensis (endemic to Canary islands). Sideroxylon marmulano is restricted to Madeira.39 Amphibians Speleomantes Speleomantes Speleomantes imperialis Separate reports for both newly recognised species. imperialis imperialis Speleomantes Previous subspecies of Speleomantes imperialis was elevated to species status by Carranza et al. sarrabusensis (2008)40. Amphibians Triturus Triturus marmoratus Triturus marmoratus Separate reports for both newly recognised species. marmoratus The species rank of Triturus marmoratus pygmaeus endemic to southern Iberian Peninsula was Triturus pygmaeus confirmed by Garcia-Paris et la. 200141. The species status was contested by some authors, but later the species status was confirmed by molecular study of Espregueira Themudo & Arntzen 200742 Triturus pygmaeus is treated as a valid speices in Catalogue of life43. Invertebrates Zerynthia polyxena Zerynthia polyxena Zerynthia polyxena Separate reports for both newly recognised species.

Zerynthia cassandra Z. polyxena was recently divided in two species; populations North to Po river belong to Z. polyxena, South of Po river to Z. cassandra (Dapporto, 2010 44) Amphibians Discoglossus Discoglossus galganoi No change. Separate reports for both recognised species/subspecies. Discoglossus galganoi galganoi Discoglossus Discoglossus jeanneae MS comments: Two species of Discoglossus that in past were considered separate species are Discoglossus jeanneae merged in a single species with two subspecies: Discoglossus galganoi galganoi and Discoglossus jeanneae galganoi jeanneae, both endemic to the Iberian peninsula.

39 http://www.floradecanarias.com/sideroxylon_canariensis.html 40 Carranza S. , A. Romano, E. N. Arnold, G. Sotgiu 2008 Biogeography and evolution of European cave salamanders, Hydromantes (Urodela: Plethodontidae), inferred from mtDNA sequences Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) 35, 724–738 41 García-París, M., Arano, B. and Herrero, P. 2001. Molecular characterisation of the contact zone between Triturus pygmaeus and T. marmoratus (Caudata: Salamandridae) in central Spain and their taxonomic assessment. Revista Espanola de Herpetologia: 115-126. 42 Espregueira Themudo, G., and Arntzen, J. W. 2007. Molecular identification of marbled newts and a justification of the Triturus marmoratus and T. pygmaeus species status. Herpetological Journal 17:24-30. 43 http://www.catalogueoflife.org/col/details/species/id/a88a40db4517043f8c796dd076818ef8 (consulted on 17th February 2016) 44 Dapporto L., 2010. Speciation in Mediterranean refugia and post-glacial expansion of Zerynthia polyxena (Lepidotera, Papilionidae). J. Zool. Syst. Evol. Res., 48: 229-237.

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Species name for Taxonomical Name as listed in Newly described the 2007-2012 Note group the HD species reporting Plants Centranthus Centranthus trinervis Separate reports for both newly recognised species. trinervis Centranthus trinervis MS comments: Sardinian populations of Centranthus trinervis, formerly understood as endemic Centranthus amazonum to Sardinia and Corsica were recognised as a separate species Centranthus amazonum (Fridlender and Raynal-Roques, 1998) Centranthus trinervis is only present in Corsica. Invertebrates Unio elongatulus Unio elongatulus Unio glaucinus Separate report for Unio ravoisieri. Joint report for other species of Unio Unio mancus elongatulus species group.

MS comments: The taxonomy of Unio elongatulus species group is still confused. Therefore joint report covering newly recognised species of Unio elongatulus group should be provided. On the Unio ravoisieri other hand a separate report should be provided for Unio ravoisieri endemic to Spain and restricted only to two localities due to high conservation effort focusing currently the populations of this species (two Life projects°. Fish Cottus gobio Cottus gobio Cottus gobio Cottus aturi Cottus duranii Cottus haemusi Separate report for Cottus haemusi, Cottus aturi, Cottus duranii, Cottus Cottus hispaniolensis hispaniolensis, Cottus rondeleti, Cottus metae, Cottus sabaudicus, Cottus Cottus koshewnikowi scaturigo, Cottus transsilvaniae Cottus metae Cottus microstomus Joint report for other species Cottus microstomus, Cottus koshewnikowi, Cottus perifretum Cottus perifretum, Cottus rhenanus, Cottus gobio s.str. under the technical Cottus rhenanus term “Cottus gobio all others” Cottus rondeleti Cottus sabaudicus Cottus scaturigo Cottus transsilvaniae

15 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 EUROPEAN TOPIC CENTRE ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Annex 2 List of plant species for which discrepancies between taxonomical sources remain or for which proposed change in name affects the understanding of the species)

Anacamptis urvilleana Anacamptis urvilleana is not considered as valid and synonym of Anacamptis pyramidalis according to Euro+Med PlantBase and Catalogue of Life (Kew). Individuals identified as Anacamptis urvilleana are actually part of a Maltese population of A. pyramidalis which is a relatively common and widespread species. Proposal from ETC/BD: Anacamptis pyramidalis should be considered as the valid name and Anacamptis urvilleana as a synonym in the Article 17 checklist. However for the purposes of reporting the name Anacamptis pyramidalis should refer exclusively to Maltese population(s) previously known as Anacamptis urvilleana (Anacamptis pyramidalis). Source: Catalogue of Life (Kew); http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/189446; Flora Europaea [consulted 20.01.2016]; Del Prete et al., 1991

Campanula gelida Campanula gelida is an endemic species occurring in the Jeseniky Mountains in Czech Republic. In the Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic, C. gelida is the valid name. For Catalogue of Life (Kew) the valid name is Campanula bohemica subsp. gelida. According to Euro+Med PlantBase, Campanula gelida is not recognised as valid taxa but is currently considered as variants of wider taxa C. scheuchzeri, which is relatively common and widespread in the EU. However Euro+Med seems to have been last assessed in 2010. Comments from Kew: WCSP: Although WCSP is perhaps a bit splitty in Campanula, we would not sink Campanula bohemica subsp. gelida into C. scheuchzeri until more evidence becomes available. Proposal from ETC/BD: Without clear consensus on the taxonomic status of C. gelida and since Czech botanists consider the name valid, we propose to maintain in the Art. 17 checklist Campanula gelida as it is in the Habitat Directive. Source: Catalogue of Life (Kew) [consulted 20.01.2016] ; Jiří Danihelka et al., 2012, R. Govaerts (com. pers.)

Echium russicum Pontechium was proposed as new genus distinct from Echium and Lobostemon. Echium russicum is now synonym for Pontechium maculatum comb. nov by Hilger et al. (2000). The typical variant mentioned by the authors is Pontechium maculatum var. maculatum. The other variant P.maculatum var. acutifolium (syn. Echium acutifolium) with stouter inflorescences is essentially restricted to the Caucasus. In Catalogue of Life (World Plants) Echium russicum is a synonym for Pontechium maculatum subsp. maculatum. Proposal from ETC/BD: We propose to use Pontechium maculatum subsp. maculatum as a valid name for Echium russicum. Although is not clear whether is a subsp. or a var., it seems important to precise the infraspecific level for the purpose of the Article 17 checklist. Source: Catalogue of Life (World Plants) [consulted 20.01.2016]; Hilger et al., 2000.

Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Erysimum pieninicum Erysimum pieninicum (Zapalł.) Pawlł. is a polish endemic from Pieniny Mountains. Maciejewska- Rutkowska et al.(2007) SEM observations of pollen grains, fruits and seeds proposed to maintain this species as valid. However they consider it would need further studies to maintain this separate taxon or include it to E. hungaricum complex. For Catalogue of Life (Brassicaceae - 2009) and EUNIS, E. pieninicum is a synonym for E. hungaricum. For Euro+Med PlantBase it is a valid name. Proposal from ETC/BD: Since Polish authors consider the species valid and no consensus concerning its synonymy with E. hungaricum, we propose to maintain E. pieninicum as valid name, as it is closer to the understanding of the species in the Habitat Directive. Source: Euro+Med PlantBase; [consulted 20.01.2016]; Maciejewska-Rutkowska et al., 2007

Euphorbia lambii Euphorbia lambii is native to La Gomera in the Canary Islands. In Euro+Med PlantBase Euphorbia lambii is synonym for Euphorbia bourgeana J. Gay ex Boiss. as proposed by Molero and Rovira (2005). In the Spanish red book for Flora (2010 version) Bañares Baudet et al. say on-going research is likely to confirm the synonymy. Thus the Spanish red book proposes two individual assessments for E. bourgeana including one for La Gomera population formerly known as E. lambii. Proposal from ETC/BD: We propose to consider Euphorbia lambii as a synonym for E. bourgeana (valid name). However for the purposes of reporting the name E. bourgeana should refer exclusively to Maltese population(s) La Gomera population formerly known as E. lambii. Source: Euro+Med PlantBase; [consulted 26.01.2016] ; Molero and Rovira, 2005; Bañares et al., 2010; Bañares Baudet et al., 2008

Minuartia smejkalii Minuartia smejkalii M. Dvoráková is a stenoendemic species occuring on serpentine rocks in the Bohemian-Moravian highlands of the Czech Republic. In Euro+Med PlantBase, Flora Europaea and EUNIS this endemic species is not considered valid and proposed as synonym for Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern subsp. verna with a wider European range. For Catalogue of Life (World Plants) M. smejkalii is a synonym for Sabulina verna subsp. verna M. Dvoráková according to the splitting of Minuartia s. lat.by Dillenberger and Kadereit (2014). In the Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic and the 3rd edition of the Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic, Minuartia smejkalii is the valid name. Proposal from ETC/BD: Without clear consensus on the taxonomic status of Minuartia smejkalii and since Czech botanists consider the name valid, we propose to maintain the name as it is in the Annex II of the Habitat Directive. Source: Jiří Danihelka et al., 2012; Vít, 2012

Moehringia fontqueri Moehringia fontqueri is a species of siliceous rocks from Sierra Nevada. After molecular and morphological studies, the genus Moehringia has been revised (Fior and Karis, 2007) and Arenaria funiculata (nom. nov.) is the valid name for Moehringia fontqueri. Catalogue of Life (World Plants) consider this new name as valid. Proposal from ETC/BD: Moehringia fontqueri should be considered as a synonym for Arenaria funiculata L. (valid name). This only implies a change of name since it concerns the same populations as in the Annex IV of the Habitat Directive. Source: Catalogue of Life (World Plants) [consulted 20.01.2016]; Fior and Karis, 2007; Minuto et al., 2011

17 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Narcissus fernandesii For Euro+Med PlantBase Narcissus fernandesii Pedro is a synonym for Narcissus jonquilla subsp. fernandesii (Pedro) according to the the Nuclear DNA studies by Zonneveld, 2008. However the author concludes that N. fernandesii needs further investigation. Fernández Casas, F.J. (2009) consider this name illegitimate. Following Fernández Casas, the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (in Catalog of Life) consider Narcissus flavus Lag. as the valid name, but according to the editor the genus Narcissus is not clear (R. Govaerts, com. pers.). To our knowledge the last taxonomical interpretation is the volume XX of Flora Iberica published in 2013 where Narcissus juncifolius is a synonym for N. assoanus. The authors of Narcissus in Flora Iberica confirmed they consider that the variability of N. assoanus includes N. fernandesii (Carlos Aedo Pérez, com. pers.). Proposal from ETC/BD: Since Narcissus fernandesii only occurs in Spain, we propose to consider the understanding of Flora Iberica and use N. assoanus as valid name for the Art. 17 checklist. This implies a joint report with Narcissus juncifolius also considered as a synonym for N. assoanus. Source: Flora Iberica vol.XX; Aedo Pérez (com.pers.)

Narcissus juncifolius In the volume XX of Flora Iberica published in 2013 and in TAXREF (version 9) Narcissus juncifolius is a synonym for N. assoanus. Other sources consider infraspecific valid name : N. juncifolius subsp. praelongus (Barra and Lopez, 1982), Narcissus assoanus subsp. praelongus (in EUNIS) and Narcissus assoanus var. assoanus (Catalogue of Life : Kew). The authors of Narcissus in Flora Iberica confirmed that they consider the entity “praelongus” as part of the variability of N. assoanus (Carlos Aedo Pérez, com. pers.) Proposal from ETC/BD: Following the Spanish and the French understanding of the species, we propose to consider Narcissus juncifolius as a synonym for N. assoanus. Source: Flora Iberica vol.XX ; inpn.mnhn.fr/espece/cd_nom/109234;

Phagnalon benettii Phagnalon benettii is probably a wrong spelling for Phagnalon bennettii Lowe ex DC. This species is endemic to Madeira, but the taxinomical status is not clear (Weller 2011). According to Catalogue of Life (GCC) and African Plant Database Phagnalon bennettii Lowe ex DC is a synonym for Phagnalon saxatile (L.) which as a wide Mediterranean range. Proposal from ETC/BD: We propose to consider Phagnalon benettii as a synonym for for Phagnalon saxatile. However for the purposes of reporting the name Phagnalon saxatile should refer to populations in Madeira previously known as Phagnalon bennettii. Source: African Plant Database, Catalogue of Life (GCC, 5 Beta, Jun 2014), http://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/4817, Europaea [consulted 27.01.2016], Weller, 2011

Semele maderensis A review of the genus Semele in Madeira (De Carvalho et al. 2004) conclude that the genus in Madeira is not monospecific and they recognize two species, S. androgyna (L.) Kunth and S. menezesi (Costa) Pinheiro de Carvalho. In Catalogue of Life, Semele maderensis is a synonym for Semele menezesii J.G.Costa (with two ii). Proposal from ETC/BD: We propose to consider Semele maderensis as a synonym for Semele menezesi and S. androgyna. However for the purposes of reporting the name S. androgyna should refer exclusively to Madeira populations. Source: Catalogue of Life (Kew) [consulted 27.01.2016] (De Carvalho et al., 2004)

18 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Silene furcata subsp. angustiflora (Rupr.) Walters According to PAF (Panarctic Flora) it should be called Silene involucrata (Cham. & Schltdl.) Bocquet subsp. tenella (Tolm.) Bocquet. Mora Aronsson comment: Silene involucrata has three subspecies, subsp. tenella occur in northern Scandinavia (Sweden, Finland and Norway) and in east to Taimyr, subsp. furcata on Svalbard and circumpolar, most common on Greenland, and subsp. involucrata is spread around the Arctic, most common in Alaska and Yukon. It is important to keep at subspecies level, if we in the future should deal with Svalbard in the Emerald, we need to keep them separate (Mora Aronsson, com. pers.) Proposal from ETC/BD: Silene involucrata subsp. tenella is proposed as a valid name for Silene furcata subsp. angustiflora. Source: Catalogue of Life (World Plants); Panarctic Flora [consulted 03.02.2016];

Sorbus teodori There is on-going research about the taxonomical status of Sorbus teodori. However the taxon that occur inside EU in Sweden, Finland and Latvia is Sorbus teodori (Mora Aronsson, com. pers.). Proposal from ETC/BD: Without clear consensus on the taxonomic status of Sorbus teodori, we propose to maintain in the Art. 17 checklist as it is in the Habitat Directive. Source: DynTaxa [consulted 27.01.2016]

Stemmacantha cynaroides Stemmacantha cynaroides is an endemic plant of Canarias. The revision of Cardueae by Greuter (2003) for Euro+ Med replaced the genus Stemmacantha by Rhaponticum. For Catalogue of Life (Global Compositae Checklist) and France (Taxref v9) Stemmacantha cynaroides Cass., 1827 is a synonym for Rhaponticum centauroides (L.) O.Bòlos which has a wider range. However S. cynaroides is still used in the 2010 adenda of Spanish red book of plants Comment by Dr. David Bramwell: 1. Stemmacantha cynaroides (Chr. Sm.) Dittrich refers to the Canary Islands species but is a later homonym of Stemmacantha cynaroides Cass. which is not the Canary Islands species but is generally considered to be a synonym of Rhaponticum centauriodes (L.) O. Bòlos (Stemmacantha centauriodes (L.) Dittrich) from the Iberian Peninsula. Stemmacantha cynaroides (Chr. Sm.) Dittrich is, therefore, an illegitimate name and cannot be used for the Canary Islands taxon. 2. Rhaponticum canariense DC would be the valid name except for the fact that the generic name Rhaponticum Vaill. is invalid as it was published in 1754 in a work that was simply a translation of a pre-Linnean publication by Vaillant between 1719 and 1725 Éstablissement de nouveaux caractères de trois familles . The 1754 translation published by Steinwehr in Königl. Akad. Wiss. Paris and all other translations published by the same author are “Opera utique oppressa” or “suppressed works” see Taxon 63 (6) pp. 1358 & 1370,( 2014) and have no validity for nomenclatural purposes so that Rhaponticum Vaill. is an invalidly published name. 3. A later, valid publication of the name Rhaponticum by Cristian Gottleib Ludwig (in 1757) is typified by Centaurea jacea (L.) Scop.. (see Index Nomenum Genericorum) and is, therefore, a synonym of Centaurea section jacea and not applicable to the Canary Islands taxon. 4. Hill, in 1762 published the genus Rhapontica Hill based on Centaurea rhapontica L. (Hill, John The Vegetable System vol.4 p.63) but the name Rhapontica vs. Rhaponticum has been the subject of some controversy and in 1978 the General Committee of IAPT voted in

19 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

favour of considering them to be homonyms meaning that the name Rhapontica (later corrected to Rhaponticum by Lamarck (Flore Françiose 2, 38 in 1779) in the sense of Hill cannot be used as a valid name as it is a synonym of Rhaponticum Ludw. 5. Dittrich, in Candollea 39: pp.45-49 (1984) recognised this situation and proposed that the generic name Stemmacantha Cass. Be used as the correct name for Rhapontica Hill and made most of the new combinations necessary to resolve the situation, some 20 combinations. 6. Stemmacantha should be considered as the correct generic name for the Canary Islands taxon but unfortunately Dittrich made the combination Stemmacantha cynaroides (C. Sm.) Dittrich for the Canary Islands species overlooking a previous use of the epithet cynaroides in Stemmacantha by Cassini in F. Cuvier Dict. Sci. Nat., ed. 2. 50: 460. (1827), now a synonym of the European species Stemmacantha centauriodes (L.) Dittrich thus creating an illegitimate homonym (Art. 53.1 of the International Code of Nomenclature). 7. The solution is to make a new combination Stemmacantha canariensis (DC.) Bramwell comb. Nov. with the basionym Rhaponticum canariense DC., Prodr.vol. 6 p.664 (1837). Proposal from ETC/BD: Without clear consensus on the taxonomic status, we propose to maintain the name Stemmacantha cynaroides in the Art. 17 checklist as it is in the Habitat Directive. Source: Bañares et al., 2010; Beltrán Tejera et al., 1999.

References Annexe 2 Bañares, Á., Blanca, G., Güemes, J., Moreno, J.C., and Ortiz, S. (2010). Atlas y libro rojo de la flora vascular amenazada de España. Adenda 2010 (Madrid).

Bañares Baudet, Á., Blanca, G., Güemes Heras, J., Moreno Saiz, J.C., and Ortiz, S. (2008). Lista Roja 2008 de la flora vascular española ([Madrid: Sociedad Española de Biología de la Conservación de las Plantas).

Barra, A., and Lopez, G. (1982). Narcissus assoanus Duf. Subsp. praelongus A. Barra & G. López, Subsp. Nov. An. Jardín Botánico Madr. 207–208.

Beltrán Tejera, E., Wildpret de la Torre, W., León Arencibia, M.C., García Gallo, A., and Reyes Hernández, J. (1999). Libro Rojo de las especies de la Flora Canaria incluidas en el Anexo II de la Directiva 92/43/CEE del Consejo (La Laguna de Tenerife).

De Carvalho, P., Almeida, M.Â., Wilcock, C.C., Dos Santos, T., Marques, M., Vale Lucas, I.C., Ganança, J.F.T., Franco, E., THANGADURAI, D., Muralidhara Rao, D., et al. (2004). A review of the genus Semele (Ruscaceae) systematics in Madeira. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 146, 483–497.

Del Prete, C., Mazzola, P., and Micheli, P. (1991). Karyological differentiation and speciation in C. Mediterranean Anacamptis (Orchidaceae). Pl Syst Evol 115–123.

Dillenberger, M.S., and Kadereit, J.W. (2014). Maximum polyphyly: Multiple origins and delimitation with plesiomorphic characters require a new circumscription of Minuartia (Caryophyllaceae). Taxon 63, 64–88.

Fior, S., and Karis, P.O. (2007). Phylogeny, evolution and systematics of Moehringia (Caryophyllaceae) as inferred from molecular and morphological data: a case of homology reassessment. Cladistics 23, 362–372.

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Greuter, W. (2003). The Euro+ Med treatment of Cardueae (Compositae): generic concepts and required new names. Willdenowia 49–61.

Hilger, H.H., Böhle, U.-R., and Bohle, U.-R. (2000). Pontechium: A New Genus Distinct from Echium and Lobostemon (Boraginaceae). Taxon 49, 737.

Jiří Danihelka, Jindřich Chrtek Jr., and Zdeněk Kaplan (2012). Checklist of vascular plants of the Czech Republic. Preslia 84, 647–811.

Maciejewska-Rutkowska, I., Bednorz, L., and Fujiki, T. (2007). SEM observations of pollen grains, fruits and seeds of the Pieniny Mountains [South Poland] endemic species Erysimum pieninicum [Zapal.] Pawl.[Brassicaceae]. Acta Soc. Bot. Pol. 76.

Minuto, L., Roccotiello, E., and Casazza, G. (2011). New seed morphological features in Moehringia L. (Caryophyllaceae) and their taxonomic and ecological significance. Plant Biosyst. - Int. J. Deal. Asp. Plant Biol. 145, 60–67.

Molero, J., and Rovira, A.M. (2005). Typification of Some Macaronesian and Mediterranean Dendroid Spurges. Taxon 54, 472.

Vít, G. (2012). Red List of vascular plants of the Czech Republic: 3rd edition. Preslia 84, 631–645.

Weller, A. (2011). New records and noteworthy extensions of vascular plants from the Canary Islands and Madeira. Bocagiana.

Zonneveld, B.J.M. (2008). The systematic value of nuclear DNA content for all species of Narcissus L. (Amaryllidaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 275, 109–132.

21 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 EUROPEAN TOPIC CENTRE ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY

Annex 3

Comments provided by members of the Expert Group on Reporting on the ‘Principles for updating the Article 17 checklist for species’ ETC/BD received feedbacks from 11 Member States and from European Habitats Forum (EHF). However Hungary, Poland, Sweden and EHF indicated they had no comment on the checklist. Table 3 shows the comments provided by Member States related to the Art. 17 species checklist. Remarks related to taxonomical issues are presented in a table 4.

Table 3. Comments provided by Member States related to the Art. 17 species checklist Comment Delivered by Comment content related on It would be helpful to see more detail with regard to the consideration of cetaceans and whether they fall within the intended definition of ‘vagrant species’ or not. The text for Occasionally Occurring Species (OCC) states: The United Nor should it be used for species which occur as vagrant but with important abundance (e.g. marine mammals or General Kingdom turtles in many regions). These species should be listed under the category ‘1 – regular’. We would like clarification on how ‘important abundance’ is to be determined (e.g. will it be a particular proportion of the population within a biogeographic region, or perhaps the global population)? We realized that checklist report 2007-2012 and checklist of the Natura 2000 database do not match. However, we believe that both are out of date regarding the nomenclature of some species, particularly some fishes, invertebrates and plants. General Portugal Taking into consideration that we did not receive a checklist to analyze a complete proposal for the next report 2013- 2018, we decided to reply only to the specific issues raised in the documents sent (email 01/12/2015), and wait for the proposal of the complete checklist for the next report to check for eventual other cases (some already proposed during the preparation of the checklist in the previous report). Review of Definitions of categories of occurrence are much better. We suggest to add a clear statement for which category a full, categories of Germany a partial (as far as possible as e.g. in OCC) or no report is requested (especially for newly combined categories as occurrence EX/MAR (for 2013 report for EX a report was necessary and MAR was reported within the neighboring region). Review of The categories of Proposal = OK Netherlands occurrence

Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Is Is it necessary to include in check-list species, which are extinct? For example check-list for BG includes only one extinct species (Acipenser nudiventris with category PEX). There are other species for BG, which are also extinct (Acipenser sturio, Vipera ursinii, Monachus monachus, Leucorrhinia pectoralis, Caldesia parnassifolia, Liparis loeselii), but they are not included in this list. What is the idea of these categories of occurrence, especially PEX, EX? Are they only for Review of information? What is expected for species, which is included in the check-list with category PEX or EX? categories of Bulgaria occurrence - Some species are included in the check list with category SR, but for them there is no report (for BG - Colias myrmidone, Arytrura musculus, Pseudophilotes bavius, Barbus strumicae, Colchicum arenarium). For other with category SR there is reports (for example Triturus dobrogicus). Does the member states preliminary inform ETC/EC, for which species will have reports? Difficulty of the morphological characterization of Cottus perifretum and Cottus rhenanus in Flanders (N.-Belgium) The taxonomy of the species Cottus gobio has been revised recently and there are two indigenous Cottus species recognised in Flanders: C. perifretum and C. rhenanus. On grounds of a genetic characterization C. perifretum was confined to the Scheldt basin while C. rhenanus occurred only in the Meuse basin (Volckaert et al. 2002). However, recent genetic analysis (Joachim Mergeay, unpublished data) shows that several Cottus specimens caught in the Meuse basin are genetically 60 to 100% identical to species from the Scheldt basin. Recent invasion of an invasive lineage of C. perifretum from the Lower Meuse (NL) can be an explanation for these results (Nolte et al. 2005, Dorenbosch et al. 2008). Also morphological characterization remains very difficult. Nolte et al. (2005, 2006) and Dorenbosch et al. (2008) describe a method (categories of prickles) to distinguish between small specimens (< 6 cm SL) of both Cottus species but in Flanders this method does not give accurate characterizations with e.g. typical, genetically screened, C. perifretum specimens showing hardly any prickling on the body. Therefore, further research is Split/Joint report Belgium needed on how to morphologically characterize both species and to define the (changing) distribution in Flanders (Belgium).

References Dorenbosch, M., N. van Kessel, F. Spikmans, J. Kranenbarg & B. Crombaghs 2008. Voorkomen van rivier- en beekdonderpad in Nederland. Natuurbalans - Limes Divergens BV / RAVON, Nijmegen. 44 pp. Nolte AW, Freyhof J, Stemshorn KC, Tautz D (2005) An invasive lineage of sculpins, Cottus sp. (Pisces, Teleostei) in the Rhine with new habitat adaptations has originated by hybridization between old phylogeographic groups. Proc. Roy. Soc. Ser. B 272: 2379–2387 Nolte AW, Freyhof J, Tautz D (2006) When invaders meet locally adapted types: rapid moulding of hybrid zones between sculpins (Cottus, Pisces) in the Rhine system. Mol. Ecol. 15: 1983–1993 Volckaert FAM, Hänfling B, Hellemans B, Carvalho GR (2002). Timing of the population dynamics of bullhead Cottus gobio (Teleostei : Cottidae) during the Pleistocene. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 15(6):930-944.

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Table 1: List of species where separate reports are requested DE would prefer to deliver furthermore a joint report for Cottus gobio s.l.. This concerns in Germany Cottus perifretum, C. rhenanus and C. microstomus, C. gobio s.str.; other Cottus species do not occur in Germany. Separate reports for Cottus perifretum and C. rhenanus are not feasible, because of a major lack of data, which would need large scale genetic investigation and possibly remain unknown also in future. Cottus microstomus occurs in DE only in two little brooks. Whether a separate report is necessary for this species should be decided by neighbouring countries with more occurrences. Also for Osmoderma eremita DE would retain a joint report. Among scientific experts discussion to split in single species is still going on and we suggest awaiting clarification, before separation of reports. The IUCN Redlist states: “Distribution limits of these different forms remain poorly resolved, but for the purpose of these assessments we follow the approximate distribution limits outlined in Audisio et al. (2007, 2008). There is ongoing debate as to whether or not these forms constitute valid species, but for the purpose of this assessment we are assessing each form separately.” (http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/157901/1). Furthermore the distribution of O. eremita s.str. and O. barnabita in Germany is unclear and would need large scale genetic investigation.

Additions to the list (Table 1): Split/Joint report Germany Furthermore as in the previous reporting period single reports are necessary for Acipenser sturio and A. oxyrinchus; Romanogobio belingi and R. vladykovi.

Table 2: Proposals for joint reports DE can deliver a single report for Coregonus bavaricus and C. holsatus (both only occurring in DE). For C. renke a separate report may be difficult to realize, therefore we support a joint report with other species of C. lavaretus complex. As already mentioned in the EGR we suggest to separate the reports of Lacerta bilineata and L. viridis (reports were in Germany already separate before). Both species have in most of their range no overlap at all, and have a different status of threat (redlists) and threats & pressures are differing. There is currently new scientific evidence based on DNA-sampling which allows to distinguish the ranges of both species with only minor details remaining to be solved (Böhme et al. 2007) as well a new paper in print Schulte et al. (2015) (submitted to Natur u. Landschaft). Böhme, M. U.; Fritz, U.; Kotenko, T.; Dzukic, G.; Ljubisavljevic, K.; Tzankov, N. & Berendonk, T. U. (2007). Phylogeography and cryptic variation within the Lacerta viridis complex (Lacertidae, Reptilia). - Zoologica Scripta, 36: 119–131. DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-6409.2006.00262.x

24 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

 Centranthus trinervis and Centranthus amazonum Fridl. et A. Raynal. We propose a separate report and a new code for Centranthus amazonum (taxonomical split from Centranthus trinervis, code 1746) Centranthus amazonum is a species described in 1998, while its Sardinian populations were previously attributed to Centranthus trinervis (Corrias, 1978), taxon listed in the Annexes II and IV, formerly regarded as endemic to Sardinia and Corsica and afterwards considered exclusive of Corsica (Fridlender & Raynal-Roques, 1998; Bacchetta et al., 2008). Centranthus amazonum is present in Sardinia in SIC ITB022212 “Supramonte di Oliena, Orgosolo e Urzulei – Su Sercone” and SIC ITB020014 "Golfo di Orosei". Fridlender A., Raynal-Roques A., 1998. Une nouvelle espéce de Centranthus (Valerianaceae) endémique de Sardaigne. Adansonia, sér. 3, 20(2): 327-332 Bacchetta G., Congiu A., Fenu G., Mattana E., 2008. Centranthus amazonum Fridl. et A. Raynal-Roques. Inform. Bot. Ital. 40 (suppl.1): 67-69. Corrias B., 1978. Le piante endemiche della Sardegna: 26. Boll. Soc. Sarda Sci. Nat., 17: 243-266. Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075.  Myotis punicus We already agreed to submit a separate report for this species. As previously agreed during the Seminar in Rome (7-8 October 2015), we wait for the technical changes which will allow to add records of this species to Annex II in the reporting database as well as in the SCIs forms.  Rana ridibunda (Pelophylax ridibundus) Split/Joint report Italy We agree on a separate report from P. kurtmuelleri; we propose to change genus name (and species agreement in gender) due to new nomenclature. P. ridibundus is autochtonous in a small area in NE Italy, introduced elsewhere; P. kurtmuelleri is introduced and invasive in Italy; the genus Pelophylax is widely accepted among herpetologists  Hyla intermedia We agree on a separate report. OK (endemic to Italy)  Speleomantes imperialis and Speleomantes sarrabusensis We agree on a separate report from S. imperialis. OK (strict endemic to SE Sardinia - Sarrabus area)  Salamandrina perspicillata and Salamandrinater digitata We disagree on a separate report for this species and suggest a joint report with S. terdigitata, i.e. to move it to table 2. There exist a hybridization area between these two, recently separated, species, making distinction in this area almost impossible.  Bufo viridis and Bufo boulengeri We propose a separate report for this species, restricted to Sicily, so we suggest to add it to Table 1 and to checklist. There are stron genetic evidences that the population from Lampedusa island belongs to the North-African species B. boulengeri, which can be reported separately from the other members of the B. viridis-complex.

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 Bufo viridis and Bufo siculus We propose a separate report for this species, restricted to Sicily, so we agree in mantaining it in Table 1. There is clear genetic evidence that the Sicilian populations belong to a separate species, which can be reported separately from the other members of B. viridis-complex.  Bufo viridis and Bufo balearicus We disagree in separating B. viridis from B. balearicus (syn. Bufotes balearicus) reports and propose a joint report for the two species under the name B. viridis (moving them to Table 2). In NE-Italy there is a wide area of genetic introgression and the two ESUs (B. viridis and B. balearicus) cannot be morphologically distinguished. The name B. linearis used in the volume of Fauna d'Italia for Italian B. viridis - complex populations is not widely accepted, and the different genus namesPseudepidalea is not valid. We avoid herein the use of the generic name Bufotes, which, maybe, could be treated as a subgenus for the sake of stability of nomenclature.  Bombina pachipus and Bombina variegate We agree on a report separated from Bombina variegate. OK (endemic to Italy)  Telestes muticellus We agree on a separate report for this species  Barbus tyberinus We already agreed to submit a separate report for this species. As previously agreed during the Seminar in Rome (7-8 October 2015), we wait for the technical changes which will allow to add records of this species to Annex II as well as in the reporting database and SCIs forms.  Barbus caninus and Barbus meridionalis We propose a separate report from B. meridionalis. We ask to consider this species, endemic to Italy, as a separate species with its own name and to remove it from table 2. Barbus meridionalis, following recent research, is NOT present in Italy, avoiding any possible confusion.  Salmo ghigii and Salmo cetti We disagree and propose a joint report with S. cettii; we ask to remove it from Table 1. Indistinguishable from S. cettii in the field (DNA analysis required); it seems unrealistic the submission of a separate report.  Zerynthia polyxena and Zerynthia cassandra We agree on a separate report from Z. polyxena (Table1). OK (endemic to peninsular Italy)  Euphydryas aurinia, Euphydryas glaciegenita and Euphydryas provincialis We propose a joint report under E. aurinia. Please add to Table 2; this ESU is an incipient species or subspecies, difficult to clearly separate from E. aurinia.

26 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

 Osmoderma cristinae and Osmoderma eremita We agree on a separate report from O. eremita (Table1). OK (endemic to Sicily)  Osmoderma italic and Osmoderma eremita We agree on a separate report from O. eremita (Table1). OK (endemic to peninsular southern Italy)  Austropotamobius pallipes and Austropotamobius italicus We propose a separate report from A. pallipes and a new code. A. pallipes is present in Liguria only (introduced in Piedmont), A. italicus in the whole peninsular Italy (introduced in Sardinia) with 4 subspecies (which are not reported herein because can be distinguished only based on DNA analysis). The distribution of the species is well established (Clavero et al., 2015 - Biological Reviews, doi: 10.1111/brv.12205).  Unio elongatulus and Unio pictorum We agree on a joint report under U. elongatulus; to be added to Table 2. Cited for sites of NE Italy east to the river Isonzo (others citations are to be referred to th eformer species); not easily distinguishable on a morphological basis, pending a molecular revision. U. elongatulus could be a junior synonym of U. pictorum (Bodon, in litteris).  Unio elongatulus and Unio mancus We agree on a joint report under U. elongatulus. Italian populations not yet analysed using DNA; not easily distinguishable on a morphological basis; present throughout Italy and main islands.  Unio elongatulus and Unio glaucinus We agree on a joint report under U. elongatulus. Should be present in NE Italy; not distinguishable on a morphological basis. The presence in Italy of Unio elongatulus s. str., recently reported for Garda Lake in a molecular paper (Prier et al., 2012 - Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 405: DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2012014) needs confirmation and could be referred to U. glaucinus (Bodon, in litteris); U. elongatulus is made up of a group of 17 ‘local races’, distributed mainly throughout the Mediterranean Region and Asia Minor (Araujo et al., 2004: J. Moll. Stud., 71: 25–31), in need of urgent revision.  Hirudo medicinalis and Hirudo verbena We propose a separate report and a new code. The presence of H. medicinalis in Italy is not confirmed; all the populations examined up to now belong to H. verbana, recently separated from H. medicinalis using molecular techniques, and easily distinguishabled based on colour patterns as well (Kutschera & Elliot, 2014 - Zoosyst. Evol. 91(2): 271–280).

27 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

Table 1 (split reports) Spain agrees with submitting separate reports for the taxa listed in Table 1 except for Myotis escalerai and Myotis nattereri. These are two cryptic taxa whose differentiation is only assured by genetic analyses. The split of these two species is still recent and have not yet been differentiated as individual taxa in our legal instruments for species protection (Real Decreto 139/2011). For these reasons we encourage to retain a joint report for M.escalerai and M.nattereri. In addition to the splits proposed, we would like to suggest a couple more of splits, concerning species distributed in certain regions of Spain and that formerly were included in other species of wider distribution. The changes we propose follow the updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Spain1, and are the following: Reported in 2007-2012 Proposal for 2013-2018 Alytes obstetricans Alytes obstetricans split report Alytes dickhilleni Chalcides viridanus Chalcides viridanus split report Chalcides coeruleopunctatus 1 Araujo et al. 2009. Las náyades de la península Ibérica. Iberus, 27 (2): 7-72.

Split/Joint report Spain Table 2 (joint reports) In the last years the taxonomy of the species Unio elongatulus has changed and now it is split in different subspecies. Two of them are present in Spain, Unio mancus and Unio ravoisieri, and experts have shown that they do belong to different species2, the latter one endemic to Spain and restricted to just two localities. A Life project was granted to develop a semi-natural breeding experiment to reproduce these two species3. In 2012 another Life project has been approved to continue the research on U.ravoisieri (amongst other goals). For this reasons, it will not make sense to provide a joint report for all the species included in the old taxa Unio elongatulus. Our aim, from Spain, is to try to prepare different reports for Unio mancus and Unio ravoisieri. Regarding the joint report proposed for Barbus meridionalis, we disagree with the fact that Barbus meridionalis sensu stricto is merged with other Barbus species from which it is a clearly different species. Barbus meridionalis s.s. is endemic to the Mediterranean river basins of Catalonia (France) and France and has nothing to do with the Barbus species from the Carpathians, the Balkans, Peloponnese, etc. We encourage to maintain a separate report for Barbus meridionalis s.s. On the other hand, and according to the most recent studies, we suggest to include in Table 2 a joint report for two species of Discoglossus that in past years were considered separate species, but now are re-merged again in a single species with two subspecies: Discoglossus galganoi galganoi and Discoglossus galganoia jeanneae, both endemic to the Iberian peninsula1. For this reason a joint report is proposed.

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Reported in 2007-2012 Proposal for 2013-2018 Discoglossus galganoi Discoglossus galganoi joint report Discoglossus jeanneae

2 Araujo et al. 2015. Conservation of two endangered European freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae): A three-year, semi-natural breeding experiment. The Nautilus, 139 (3): 126-135. 3 Doadrio et al. 2011. Ictiofauna Continental Española. Bases para su seguimiento. Dirección General Medio Natural y Política Forestal. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, Madrid. 610 pp. http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/ministerio/servicios/publicaciones/Libro_Ictiofauna_primeras_p%C3%A1ginas_tcm7-208659.pdf

To the list of anadromous fishes Acipenser oxyrinchus, Coregonus oxyrhynchus should be added. Germany will not send additional reports for marine regions and proposes to skip this unnecessary burden: To report Reporting on also for marine regions would increase the effort and contradicts the principle of reducing reporting burden wherever Germany anadromous fish possible. In most cases there is the same population in marine and terrestrial region. A biological proposal would be to use river basins; however these are crossing Member State boundaries in many cases. To copy the same report for one fish species again into the marine region would be no additional data and not help to solve the problem. In line with other Member states’ opinion Spain does not support the proposal of submitting additional reports for the Reporting on Spain anadromous fish species for marine regions. Nevertheless, we would be happy to reflect marine pressures/threats in anadromous fish the terrestrial reports. France has already send additional reports for marine regions in the last reporting round; however data were scarce Reporting on and additional information are needed to evaluate conservation status in the marine regions. The proposal to link France anadromous fish terrestrial regions to marine regions is not feasible in France because river basins are crossing biogeographic boundaries and there are cases where populations in marine and terrestrial region are not equivalent. Reporting on The The Netherlands, for similar reasons to Germany and Ireland, is not in a position to send additional reports for marine anadromous fish Netherlands regions. We will include Marine pressures/threats if appropriate. The UK considers that this proposal adds to the data collection and reporting burden and we don’t support it for Reporting on The United application in the UK. We appreciate the reasons for introducing this approach in some countries, as discussed at the anadromous fish Kingdom Expert Reporting Group meeting. However, if there are issues in particular European regions then the approach should be applied in those regions and not across the whole of the EU.

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Table 4: Remarks provided by Member States related on Taxonomical issues. MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Iberochondrostoma We consider it would be convenient to update ES Fish Rutilus lemmingii lemmingii the scientific names to the most recent ES Amphibians Rana ridibunda Pelophylax perezi taxonomic reviews1,. Here we present a short list of species whose scientific name has been http://www.herpetofocus.fr/la-rainette-iberique-hyla-molleri-les-infos-sur-la- ES Amphibians Hyla arborea Hyla molleri updated. It is not an exhaustive list. nouvelle-espece-5831 1 ES Reptiles Lacerta viridis Lacerta bilineata Doadrio et al. 2011. Ictiofauna Continental ES Reptiles Podarcis hispanica atrata Podarcis liolepis atrata Española. Bases para su seguimiento. Dirección General Medio Natural y Política Forestal. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, Madrid. 610 pp. ES Amphibians http://www.magrama.gob.es/es/ministerio/servi cios/publicaciones/Libro_Ictiofauna_primeras_p Rana temporaria Rana pyrenaica %C3%A1ginas_tcm7-208659.pdf Vascular ES plants Syderoxylon canariensis Sideroxylon canariensis Typo Invertebrat Microcondylaea We propose to change species name due to new It is widely accepted that M. compressa is a junior synonym of M. bonelli (ICZN, IT 1031 Microcondylaea bonellii es compressa accepted nomenclature Principle of Priority). Invertebrat We propose to correct species name according to The correct name was established by Polak (2005 - Endins, Mallorca, 28: 71-80) IT 4019 Leptodirus hochenwarti Leptodirus hochenwartii es ICZN rules (Principle of Priority) based on original description and ICZN rules. The case was already submitted to ETC; it is clear (Solano et al., 2013 - Conservation Genetics, DOI 10.1007/s10592-013-0461-3) that in no way M. Invertebrat We propose to change species status due to IT 1089 Morimus funereus Morimus asper funereus funereus can be considered a different species, but simply a "form", "variety" or es recent molecular studies subspecies; we propose herein to consider it as a subspecies for sake of stability of nomenclature. We confirm this is the correct name for S. We confirm that this is the correct name for S. macrostigma in Italy (please use IT Fish 5349 Salmo cetti Salmo cettii macrostigma in Italy cettii instead of cetti). Salmo carpio, endemic to Lake Garda, was described by Linnaeus in 1758 and since then it has been considered an independent species. It does not appear in We consider this species not included in the IT Fish 5827 Salmo carpio Salmo carpio any of the Habitats Directive annexes. It does not belong to Salmo cettii - species Habitats Directive complex, and for this reason it should not be listed in table 1 under this Habitats Directive name. Salmo fibreni, endemic to Posta Fibreno Lake, is part of the S. cettii species We consider this species not included in the complex; the species was described as an independent species by Zerunian & IT Fish 5828 Salmo fibreni Salmo fibreni Habitats Directive, however with some reserve Gandolfi (1990), so before the entry into force of the Habitats Directive. and ask ETC for a clarification Successively, Bianco (1993. Biogeographia, 17: 427-485) considered it as a simple "form" of S. cettii. The co-existence of S. fibreni and S. cettii in Posta Fibreno Lake

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MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes supports the actual opinion of most ichthyologists on its specific status, which was re-evaluated and accepted in most recent textbooks and in the Italian IUCN Red List (2013). For this reason we ask ETC to take a decision if this species has to be included in Art. 17 reporting, i.e. in Annex II of Habitats Directive (under Salmo macrostigma, now S. cettii) or not. We propose to change genus name (and species IT Amphibians 1210 Rana esculenta Pelophylax esculentus The genus Pelophylax is currently widely accepted among herpetologists. agreement in gender) due to new nomenclature We propose to change genus name due to new The genus Lissotriton is widely accepted among herpetologists, and several IT Amphibians 1168 Triturus italicus Lissotriton italicus nomenclature species in the Checklist ex art. 17 were already transferred to it. Salamandra atra S. atra pasubiensis is a strict endemic, similar to the subspecies S. atra aurorae, IT Amphibians Salamandra atra We propose a separate report for this subspecies pasubiensis and deserves a separte report. We propose to attribute the records to 1290 IT Reptiles 1290 Natrix natrix cetti Natrix natrix cetti The correct name is N. natrix cetti, so the correct code is 1290 and not 5753 code We propose to change genus name (and species IT Reptiles 6136 Elaphe lineata Zamenis lineatus agreement in gender) due to recent The genus Zamenis is widely accepted among herpetologists. nomenclatural changes We propose to change genus name (and species IT Reptiles 1281 Elaphe longissima Zamenis longissimus agreement in gender) due to recent The genus Zamenis is widely accepted among herpetologists. nomenclatural changes We propose to change genus name (and species IT Reptiles 1293 Elaphe situla Zamenis situla agreement in gender) due to recent The genus Zamenis is widely accepted among herpetologists. nomenclatural changes We propose to change genus name due to recent IT Reptiles 6154 Cyrtodactylus kotschyi Mediodactylus kotschyi The genus Mediodactylus is widely accepted among herpetologists. nomenclatural changes We ask the correct declination of specific name; IT Reptiles 5795 Podarcis raffonei Podarcis raffoneae The correct species name is feminine genitive. we agree on a separate report We ask the agreement in gender following ICZN IT Reptiles 1250 Podarcis sicula Podarcis siculus Genus Podarcis is masculine. code We ask the agreement in gender following ICZN IT Reptiles 1244 Podarcis wagleriana Podarcis waglerianus Genus Podarcis is masculine. code Recently found in Pantelleria island (see Dietz & Kiefer, 2014 - Die Fledermäuse Europas. Kosmos Verlag, ISBN 978-3-440-11560-2); genetically separated from P. Addition to Italian checklist; to add to checklist IT Mammals Plecotus teneriffae Plecotus gaisleri teneriffae (Lanza, 2012 - Chiroptera - Fauna d'Italia, Calderini). We ask for a code with a new code so that, if confirmed, the records will be added to Annex IV species in the reporting database and SCIs forms. The scientific name of mouflon should be changed to Ovis aries Linnaeus, 1758. We ask to change the species name from gmelini IT Mammals 1373 Ovis gmelini musimon Ovis aries musimon This change is justified by the fact that even for wild forms that arise from to aries domestic species (like mouflon) the name of the latter must be used (BZN, 2003 -

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MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 60: 81-84; Gentry et al., 2004 - Journal of Archaeological Science, 31: 645-651). Goats of Montecristo island originated from domestic goats introduced by humans in different times, both in historical times than, repeatedly, in recent times. Montecristo Island is omitted from the distribution range of wild goats (Groves & Grubb 2011 - Ungulate taxonomy. The John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore; Wilson & Mittermeier, 2011 - Handbook of The Mammals of the World. 2. Hoofed Mammals. Lynx Ediciones), so the inclusion of Capra aegagrus among the Italian mammal fauna seems very questionable (Giusti 2005 - We ask to delete the species from the Italian Hystrix, Italian Journal of Mammalogy (NS), 16: 184–186; Gippoliti, 2013 - IT Mammals 1372 Capra aegagrus Capra hircus checklist (and suggest to change the species Gippoliti, S. 2013. Bollettino Museo Civico Storia Naturale Verona, 37: 7–28; name from aegagrus to hircus) Gippoliti, 2015 - The wild goat of Montecristo Island: did it ever exist? Mammalia. DOI 10.1515/mammalia-2015-0078). Moreover, goats tend to be invasive and cause significant impacts on the environment of the small and strictly protected Montecristo island (mainly habitat homogeneization and rarefaction of ilex) threatening local protected habitats. Due to these facts, we suggest to delete the species from the Italian Checklist and from the reporting obligations of Art. 17. Finally, for the same reasons of the mouflon, the specific name should be changed in the EU Checklist from aegagrus to hircus (Giusti, 2005 - see above). The subspecies is endemic to central-southern Italy, and is highly isolated from the other populations of U. arctos; it was evaluated separately in the IUCN Red IT Mammals Ursus arctos Ursus arctos marsicanus We propose a separate report for this subspecies List of Italian Vertebrates (2013), where it was classified as Critically Endangered

(CR). For this reason, we ask for a new code and we propose to submit a separate report for this subspecies. Species recently found in Trentino Alto Adige. The istitution of a new SIC is Vascular expected. IT 1419 Botrychium simplex Addition to Italian checklist plants Bertolli A., Prosser F., 2014. Segnalazioni Floristiche Tridentine. IX. Ann. Mus. civ. Rovereto Sez.: Arch., St., Sc. Nat. Vol. 29 (2013): 131-174. Species present in Sicilia (already indicated in the SIC ITA040002 “Isola di Lampedusa e Lampione”). Vascular Giardina G., Raimondo F.M., Spadaro V., 2007. A catalogue of plant growing in IT 4092 Elatine gussonei Addition to Italian checklist plants Sicily. Bocconea 20: 5-582. A. Molnar V., Popiela A., Lukács B.A., 2014. Elatine gussonei (Sommier) Brullo et al. (Elatinaceae) in Sicily. Plant Biosystems 148: 27- 30. Species present in Abruzzo (already indicated in the SIC IT7110206 "Monte Vascular Serratula (Klasea) Sirente e Monte Velino"), Emilia Romagna (already indicated in the SIC IT4020008 IT 4087 Addition to Italian checklist. plants lycopifolia "Monte Ragola, Lago Moò, Lago Bino") Umbria and Marche. For this species the the new valid name is Klasea lycopifolia (Vill.) Á.Löve & D.Löve

32 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Gigante D, Alessandrini A., Ballelli S., Bartolucci F., Conti F. , Ferri V., Gubellini L., Hofmann N., Montagnani C., Pinzi M., Venanzoni R., Wagensommer R.P., 2014. Klasea lycopifolia (Vill.) Á.Löve et D.Löve. Inform. Bot. Ital. 46 (1): 128-131. Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Species recently found in Abruzzo (the species is within the SIC Monte Sirente e Monte Velino and the SIC Gran Sasso Park). For this species the the new valid name is Vascular Senecio jacobea subsp. IT 1974 Addition to Italian checklist. Jacobaea vulgaris Gaertn. subsp. gotlandica (Neuman) B.Nord. plants gotlandicus Conti F., Bartolucci F., Tomović G., Lakušić D., 2012. Jacobea vulgaris subsp. gotlandica (Compositae), new for Italy and Montenegro. Bot. Serbica 36(2): 145-147. The name Leopoldia gussonei (cod.6281) , proposed by ETC-BD and used by some authors, is not currently valid. Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Rossi G., Montagnani C., Vascular We confirm that Muscari gussonei (Parl.) Tod. is Gargano D., Peruzzi L., Abeli T., Ravera S., Cogoni A., Fenu G., Magrini S., Gennai IT 1850 Muscari gussonei plants the correct name for the species endemic to Italy M., Foggi B., Wagensommer R.P., Venturella G., Blasi C., Raimondo F.M. & Orsenigo S. (Eds.), 2013. Lista Rossa della Flora Italiana. 1. Policy Species e altre specie minacciate. Comitato Italiano IUCN e Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare. 54 pp. Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. Eokochia saxicola is the new valid name of Bassia saxicola, species ENDEMIC to South Italian peninsula (Campania) and Sicilia. Vascular Eokochia saxicola (Guss.) We propose to change species name due to new Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic IT 1445 Bassia (Kochia) saxicola plants Freitag & G.Kadereit accepted nomenclature to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. SANTANGELO A., CROCE A., LO CASCIO P., PASTA S., STRUMIA S., TROÌA A., 2012. Eokochia saxicola (Guss.) Freitag et G. Kadereit. Info. Bot. It., 44 (2): 428-431. Euphrasia nana is the new valid name of Euphrasia genargentea, species ENDEMIC to Sardegna and Corsica. Vascular Euphrasia nana (Rouy) We propose to change species name due to new IT 1720 Euphrasia genargentea Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic plants Prain accepted nomenclature to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. COGONI D., FENU G., BACCHETTA G., 2012. Euphrasia nana (Rouy) Prain. Inf. Bot. Ital. 44(2): 434-436. Herniaria litardierei is the new valid name of Herniaria latifolia ssp. litardierei, species ENDEMIC to Sardegna and Corsica. Herniaria litardierei Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic Vascular Herniaria latifolia ssp. We propose to change species name due to new IT 1466 (Gamisans) Greuter & to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. FENU G., COGONI D., BACCHETTA G., 2012. plants litardierei accepted nomenclature Burdet Herniaria litardierei (Gamisans) Greuter et Burdet. Inf. Bot. Ital. 44 (2): 437-438. Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma.

33 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Tripolium sorrentinoi is the new valid name of Aster sorrentinii, species ENDEMIC to Sicilia. Tripolium sorrentinoi Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic Vascular We propose to change species name due to new IT 1757 Aster sorrentinii (Tod.) Raimondo & to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. RAIMONDO F., 2005. Tripolium sorrentinoi plants accepted nomenclature Greuter (Tod.) Raimondo & Greuter comb. nov. in GREUTER & RAUS (ed.), Med-Checklist Notulae, 23. WILLDENOWIA. Petagnaea gussonii is the new valid name of Petagnia saniculifolia, species ENDEMIC to Sicilia. The monotypic genus Petagnaea is endemic to Sicilia. Peruzzi L., Conti F. & Bartolucci F., 2014. An inventory of vascular plants endemic to Italy. Phytotaxa 168 (1): 001-075. De Castro, O., Sepe, F., Di Maio, A., Cennamo, P., De Luca, Vascular Petagnaea gussonei We propose to change species name due to new IT 1602 Petagnia saniculifolia P., Gianguzzi, L. & Menale B., 2013. Genetic structure in the palaeoendemic and plants (Spreng.) Rauschert accepted nomenclature endangered Petagnaea gussonei (Spreng.) Rauschert (Saniculoideae, Apiaceae) and implications for its conservation. Plant Systematics and Evolution 299: 209–223. Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Vandenboschia speciosa is the new valid name of Trichomanes speciosum Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Rossi G., Montagnani C., Vascular Vandenboschia speciosa We propose to change species name due to new Gargano D., Peruzzi L., Abeli T., Ravera S., Cogoni A., Fenu G., Magrini S., Gennai IT 1421 Trichomanes speciosum plants (Willd.) G. Kunkel accepted nomenclature M., Foggi B., Wagensommer R.P., Venturella G., Blasi C., Raimondo F.M. & Orsenigo S. (Eds.), 2013. Lista Rossa della Flora Italiana. 1. Policy Species e altre specie minacciate. Comitato Italiano IUCN e Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare. 54 pp. Astragalus alopecurus is the new valid name of Astragalus centralpinus Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Rossi G., Montagnani C., Vascular Astragalus alopecurus We propose to change species name due to new Gargano D., Peruzzi L., Abeli T., Ravera S., Cogoni A., Fenu G., Magrini S., Gennai IT 1557 Astragalus centralpinus plants Pall. accepted nomenclature M., Foggi B., Wagensommer R.P., Venturella G., Blasi C., Raimondo F.M. & Orsenigo S. (Eds.), 2013. Lista Rossa della Flora Italiana. 1. Policy Species e altre specie minacciate. Comitato Italiano IUCN e Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare. 54 pp. Lilium pomponium is the new valid name of Lilium rubrum Conti F., Abbate G., Alessandrini A. & Blasi C., (Eds.) 2005. An annotated Checklist of the Italian Vascular Flora. Palombi Editori, Roma. Rossi G., Montagnani C., Vascular We propose to change species name due to new Gargano D., Peruzzi L., Abeli T., Ravera S., Cogoni A., Fenu G., Magrini S., Gennai IT 1841 Lilium rubrum Lilium pomponium L. plants accepted nomenclature M., Foggi B., Wagensommer R.P., Venturella G., Blasi C., Raimondo F.M. & Orsenigo S. (Eds.), 2013. Lista Rossa della Flora Italiana. 1. Policy Species e altre specie minacciate. Comitato Italiano IUCN e Ministero dell'Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare. 54 pp.

34 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Taxonomical changes NL Proposal = OK, no problems expected because generally we have only one of the (new) subspecies, except for Cottus gobio, where we are probably able to separate the subspecies (by distribution/habitat) The phylogenetic analysis carried out in lacertid lizards by Arnold et al. (2007) suggested the division of the genus Lacerta and the inclusion of L. monticola Boulenger, 1905 in a new genus: Iberolacerta Arribas, 1997. PT Reptiles Lacerta monticola Iberolacerta monticola Arnold EN, Arribas OJ & Carranza S (2007) Systematics of the Paleartic and Oriental lizard tribe Lacertini (Squamata: Lacertidae: Lacertinae), with descriptions of eight new genera. Zootaxa 1430: 1-8. This species has already been reported for the biogeographic region of PT Mammals Pipistrellus maderensis Pipistrellus maderensis Macaronesia (MAC) in the previous report (2007-2012), occurring in the autonomous regions of Madeira and Azores. Collares-Pereira (1980) confirms that this species belongs to the genus Chondrostoma, as previously proposed by Steindachner (1866) and Berg (1932). Later, phylogenetic studies of genus Chondrostoma led to the definition of new genus and this species have been included in genus Iberochondrostoma (Robalo et al., 2007). The designation Iberochondrostoma lemmingii is currently consensual both in Portugal and Spain (Doadrio et al., 2011; Leunda et al., 2009; Kottelat & Freyhof 2007). Berg LS (1932) Ubersicht der Verbreitung des Süsswasserfische Europas. Zoogeographica, 1 (2): 107-208. Doadrio I, Perea S, Garzón-Heydt P & González JL (2011) Ictiofauna continental española. Bases para su seguimento. DG Medio Natural y Política Forestal. MARM. 616 pp. Madrid. Collares-Pereira MJ(1980) Contribution to the knowledge of the iberian cyprinid Iberochondrostoma PT Fish Rutilus lemmingii Chondrostoma lemmingii (Steind., 1866) and its affinities with Chondrostoma lemmingii arrigonis (Steind., 1866). Publicação do Museu e Laboratório Zoológico e Antropológico Faculdade de Ciências de Lisboa. 2ª Série, Vol. VII n.º 12. Kottelat M & Freyhof J (2007) Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland and Freyhof, Berlin, Germany. Leunda PM, Elvira B, Ribeiro F, Miranda R, Oscoz J, Alves MJ & Collares-Pereira MJ (2009) International Standardization of Common Names for Iberian Endemic Freshwater Fishes. Limnetica, 28 (2): 189-202. Robalo JI, Almada VC, Levy A, Doadrio I (2007) Re-examination and phylogeny of the genus Chondrostoma based on mitochondrial and nuclear data and the definition of 5 new genera. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 42:362-372. Steindachner, FH (1866 b) Allgemeine Bemerkungen über die Süsswasserfische Spaniens und Portugals und Revision der einzelnen Arten. Selbstverlag des Verfassers, Wien.

35 Expert group on Reporting 15 March 2016 Introduction to the updated Article 17 checklists for species and habitats

MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes Robalo et al. (2005) reclassified the species as Chondrostoma oligolepis. Later, phylogenetic studies of genus Chondrostoma led to the definition of new genus and this species have been included in genus Achondrostoma (Robalo et al., 2007). The designation Achondrostoma oligolepis is currently accepted (Doadrio et al., 2011; Leunda et al., 2009; Kottelat & Freyhof 2007). (NOTE: The genus Rutilus does not occur naturally in the Iberian Peninsula).

Robalo JI, Almada VC, Levy A, Doadrio I (2007) Re-examination and phylogeny of the genus Chondrostoma based on mitochondrial and nuclear data and the definition of 5 new genera. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 42:362-372. Achondrostoma PT Fish Rutilus macrolepidotus Robalo JI, Doadrio I, Almada VC & Kottelat M (2005) Chondrostoma oligolepis, oligolepis new replacement name for Leuciscus macrolepidotus Steindachner, 1866 (Teleostei: Cyprinidae). Ichthyol. Explr. Freshwaters, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 47-48. Doadrio I, Perea S, Garzón-Heydt P & González JL (2011) Ictiofauna continental española. Bases para su seguimento. DG Medio Natural y Política Forestal. MARM. 616 pp. Madrid. Kottelat M & Freyhof J (2007) Handbook of European Freshwater Fishes. Kottelat, Cornol, Switzerland and Freyhof, Berlin, Germany. Leunda PM, Elvira B, Ribeiro F, Miranda R, Oscoz J, Alves MJ & Collares-Pereira MJ (2009) International Standardization of Common Names for Iberian Endemic Freshwater Fishes. Limnetica, 28 (2): 189-202. According to phylogenetic analysis, the larger newts (T. marmoratus) maintains the same genus (Garcia-Paris et al., 2004). Historically, this species was divided into two distinct forms: T. m. marmoratus and T. m. pygmaeus. Recently, García- Paris et al. (2001) proposed their classification as species based on morphological and genetic criteria. However, detailed analysis of Portuguese and Spanish populations shows a complex history of hybridization and miscegenation and there are arguments in favour (Arntzen et al., 2007b; Themudo & Arntzen, 2007a; report only Triturus marmoratus (includes the Themudo & Arntzen 2007b) and against (Themudo, 2005; Moura, 2007) this Triturus pygmaeus and PT Amphibians Triturus marmoratus two subspecies T. m. marmoratus e T. m. proposal. More detailed studies are needed in order to clarify the current Triturus marmoratus pygmaeus) controversy. In Portugal the situation is spatially complex - where the two forms are in contact and has already been detected some hybrids (Themudo, 2005; Themudo & Arntzen, 2007a) – until the situation is clarified we suggest reporting only the taxon Triturus marmoratus (whose information includes the two subspecies T. m. marmoratus and T. m. pygmaeus).

Arntzen JW, Themudo GE & Wielstra B (2007) The phylogeny of crested newts (Triturus cristatus superespecies): nuclear and mitochondrial genetic characters

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MS Group Code Former_name New name proposed Reporting and coding proposals Notes suggest a hard polytomy, in line with the paleogeography of the centre of origin. Contributions to Zoology 76: 261-278. García-París M (2004) Triturus pygmaeus (Wolterstorff, 1905). Tritón pigmeo. Pp.70-72, in: Pleguezuelos JM, Márquez R & Lizana M (eds.). Atlas y Libro Rojo de los Anfibios y Reptiles de España. Dirección General de Conservación de la Naturaleza. Madrid. García-París M, Arano B & Herrero P (2001) Molecular characterization of the contact zone between Triturus pygmaeus and T. marmoratus (Caudata: Salamandridae) in Central Spain and theirs taxonomic assessment. Revista Española de Herpetologia 15: 115-126. Moura AE (2007) Filogeografia do Tritão-marmorado (Triturus marmoratus spp.) e análise de haplótipos recombinantes na zona de contacto. Tese de Mestrado. Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade do Porto. Themudo GE & Arntzen JW (2007a) Molecular identification of marbled newts and a justification of the Triturus marmoratus and T. pygmaeus species status. Herpetological Journal 17: 24-30. Themudo GE & Arntzen JW (2007b) Newts under siege: range expansion of Triturus pygmaeus isolates populations of its sister species. Diversity and distibutions 13: 580-586. Themudo GE (2005) Study of the marbled newt (Triturus (m.) marmoratus and T. (m.) pygmaeus) hybrid zone by genetic markers. Tese de Mestrado. Universidade do Porto. Newly described species UK It is not clear how much of an impact the newly described species will have on the UK, but it is not likely to be a major issue.

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