DOCSLIB.ORG

Module Handbook Arcl 0065 Archaeology of the Levant

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Module Handbook Arcl 0065 Archaeology of the Levant UCL INSTITUTE OF ARCHAEOLOGY BA/BSc MODULE (15 credit) MODULE HANDBOOK ARCL 0065 ARCHAEOLOGY OF THE LEVANT 2020-21, Term 2 Coordinator: Dr Katherine (Karen) Wright E-mail: [email protected] Office 101 IoA. Telephone 020-7679-4715 Class Sessions: Tuesdays 4-6 pm, via Moodle – Blackboard Collaborate Office Hours: by email appointment Lebanon Syria Israel Jordan Note: information regarding teaching, learning and assessment in this module handbook endeavours to be as accurate as possible. However, in light of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the changeable nature of the situation and the possibility of updates in government guidance, there may need to be changes during the course of the year. UCL will keep current students updated of any changes to teaching, learning and assessment on the Students’ webpages. This also includes Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) which may help you with any queries that you may have. 1 MODULE OVERVIEW This course is an introduction to the archaeology of the Levant (modern-day Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, Israel/Palestine, northernmost Arabia, the Negev, Sinai & the Hatay-Gaziantep region of southern Turkey). The temporal scope is early prehistory to the end of the Iron Age (333 BC). Topics include initial colonization, Palaeolithic hunter-gatherer societies, human ecology & the emergence of agrarian societies & villages in the aceramic Neolithic; technological change, craft specialization & the emergence of ceramic Neolithic & Chalcolithic cultures; the evolution of complex societies in the fourth & third millennia BCE; (Early Bronze Age); the growth of Canaanite & Amorite civilizations & urban cultures in the early second millennium BCE (Middle Bronze Age); relations of the Late Bronze Age Levant with the empires of New Kingdom Egypt, Mitanni & the Hittites; the Late Bronze Age “collapse;” the emergence of Iron Age city states, kingdoms & tribal polities after 1200 BCE (Philistia, Phoenicia, Israel, Judah, Ammon, Moab, Edom, Arabia, Aram, the Neo-Hittites); & the impact of the Assyrian, Neo-Babylonian & Persian empires. Major themes are social-cultural diversity, long-term cycles of culture change, regional interactions & the impact of ancient history on present-day societies. The approach is multi-disciplinary, drawing on history, anthropology, human ecology, materials science & archaeology. AIMS The aims of this course are: (1) to teach the present state of knowledge about societies of the Levant from prehistory to the end of the Iron Age; topics include civilizations of the Canaanites, Phoenicia, Philistia, Israel, Judah, Aram, the Neo-Hittites, Ammon, Moab, Edom & Arabia; (2) to present recent archaeological & historical research on these periods; (3) to explore the growth & collapse of empires, international exchange & interaction, ethnicity, writing systems, cultures. OBJECTIVES On successful completion of this course a student should: have a command of issues, debates & evidence on the archaeology & history of the Levant; be able to evaluate the validity of theories, methods & quality of evidence; & appreciate the effects of modern social & political frames of reference on interpreting this region. LEARNING OUTCOMES By the end of the course students should be able to demonstrate: an understanding & critical awareness of interpretations, analytical methods & quality of evidence in research on the Levant; written skills in analysis & presentation; & an ability to apply appropriate analytical methods to research for 2 essays. COMMUNICATIONS: communication is via email; address is [email protected] TEACHING METHODS: This module is taught in lectures and discussions. There are no pre- requisites. If you have questions, contact the Module Coordinator, at: [email protected]. WORKLOAD: 20 hours class time; 80-100 hours reading (4-5 hours per session); about 50 hours for preparing assessed work. Total: approximately 150 hours. PRE-REQUISITES: None. ATTENDANCE: A minimum attendance of 70% is required in order to pass the module. ASSESSMENT. This course is assessed by two essays (2000 words each). Each essay contributes 50% to the final mark. For instructions on coursework submission, referencing guidelines, marking criteria, as well as policies on penalties for late submission, please refer to the Institute of Archaeology Student Handbook: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/current-students/ioa-student-handbook and the Institute of Archaeology Study Skills Guide: https://www.ucl.ac.uk/archaeology/current-students/ioa-study-skills-guide Please remember that you must submit all assessments to complete and pass this module. 2 SCHEDULE Tuesdays 4-6 pm via Blackboard 12 January 2021 Session 1 Geography, History of Research; Human Evolution, Lower and Middle Palaeolithic 19 January The Pleistocene-Holocene Transition: Session 2 Late Palaeolithic, the Natufian, Pre-Pottery Neolithic A, Domestication 26 January Early Agrarian Societies: Session 3 Pre-Pottery Neolithic B, Late Neolithic, Early Chalcolithic 2 February The 3rd Millennium BCE: Session 4 The Early Bronze Age 9 February The Late 3rd and Early 2nd Millennia BCE: Session 5 The Early Bronze Age Collapse and the Middle Bronze Age 15-19 February READING WEEK 23 February The Late 2nd Millennium BCE: Session 6 The Late Bronze Age 2 March The 1st Millennium: the Levant and the Mediterranean Session 7 The LBA collapse; Philistia. Phoenicia, Cyprus 9 March The 1st Millennium in Syria and Transjordan: Session 8 Neo-Hittite and Aramaean states; Ammon, Moab, Edom, Arabia 16 March The 1st Millennium: Israel and Judah Session 9 23 March Discussion: Empires, Aftermath, Interpretation Session 10 The Levant in Wider Perspective ASSESSMENT DUE DATES: Assessment 1: due 16 February 2021 Assessment 2: due 13 April 2021 3 READINGS: GENERAL WORKS AND GUIDELINES This section presents a list of general works, but see specific suggestions for each session. An asterisk* indicates an especially useful source, but there is an element of choice in reading; it is NOT required to read all works with an asterisk. It is suggested that students read for 4-5 hours for each session. All Recommended Readings in this handbook are online or on Moodle. Note: this handbook is the official online reading list. Links shown are to UCL Explore. NOTE: it is assumed that essays will be based entirely on readings available online. For additional sources, see the Handbook Appendix (for further reading). CORE TEXTS *Killebrew, A. and Steiner, M. (eds) 2013. The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of the Levant. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://www-oxfordhandbooks- com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199212972.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199212972 *Enzel, Y. and Bar-Yosef, O. (eds) 2017. Quaternary of the Levant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://www-cambridge-org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/core/books/quaternary-of-the- levant/8C0D9FE766BFCBB767589AC45F036943 ____________________________ Other General Works (not all of these are available online) The Levant *Altaweel, M., and Squitieri, A. 2018. Revolutionizing a World. London: UCL. https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt21c4td4 Akkermans, P. & Schwartz, G. & 2002. The Archaeology of Syria. Cambridge. DBD 100 AKK (NOL) Clarke, J. (ed) 2005. Archaeological Perspectives on the Transmission & Transformation of Culture in the Eastern Mediterranean. Oxford: Oxbow. https://archaeologydataservice.ac.uk/archiveDS/archiveDownload?t=arch-2089- 1/dissemination/pdf/Archaeological_Perspectives/Archaeological_Perspectives_on_Transmission_of_Culture.p df Doumet-Serhal, C.(ed) 2005. Decade. A Decade of Archaeological Research in Lebanon. Beirut. DBD100 Qto DOU *Greenberg, R. 2019. The Archaeology of the Bronze Age Levant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://www-cambridge-org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/core/books/archaeology-of-the-bronze-age- levant/E2411949EC5789975E8910FBD0711EF8 Klengel, H. 1991. Syria: 3000-300 BC: A Political History. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. DBD 100 KLE (texts) Knapp, A. B. 2013. The Archaeology of Cyprus. New York: Cambridge University Press. Levy, T. (ed) 1995. The Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land. Leicester: Leicester Univ. DBE 100 LEV MacDonald, B., et al. (eds) 2001. The Archaeology of Jordan. Sheffield: Univ. of Sheffield. DBE 100 MAC Yasur-Landau, A., Cline, E. , Rowan, Y. (eds) 2018. The Social Archaeology of the Levant. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. (E-BOOK ON ORDER) https://www-cambridge-org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/core/books/social- archaeology-of-the-levant/438EA13D88D5A648E6E5999B39493E03 Adjacent Regions Bard, K. A. 2015. An Introduction to the Archaeology of Ancient Egypt. (2nd Edition). Oxford: Blackwell. https://r2.vlereader.com/Reader?ean=9781118896037 Broodbank, C. 2013. The Making of the Middle Sea. London: Thames & Hudson. https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ucl/detail.action?docID=5878098 During, B. 2011 The Prehistory of Asia Minor. Cambridge: CUP https://www-cambridge- org.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/core/books/prehistory-of-asia-minor/502C661873B354FA0C156FA42644E422 Kuhrt, A. 1995. The Ancient Near East, c. 3000-330 BC. London: UCL Press. DBA 100 KUH Orthmann, W. (ed) 2005. The History & Archaeology of Syria. Saarbrucken. Pollock, S. 1999. Ancient Mesopotamia: the Eden that Never Was. Cambridge: CUP. DBB 100 POL *Potts, D. (ed) 2012. A Companion to the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.libproxy.ucl.ac.uk/doi/book/10.1002/9781444360790 Sagona, A. and Zimansky, P. 2009. Ancient Turkey. Routledge, London. https://www-taylorfrancis-
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Cultural Dynamics in Ionia at the End of the Second Millennium BCE
    Cultural Dynamics in Ionia at the End of the Second Millennium BCE: New Archaeological Perspectives and Prospects Edited e-Thesis The results, discussions and conclusions presented herein are identical to those in the printed version. This electronic version of the thesis has been edited solely to ensure conformance with copyright legislation and all excisions are noted in the text. The final, awarded and examined version is available for consultation via the University Library. Rik Vaessen PhD The University of Sheffield Department of Archaeology May 2014 Table of Contents List of Figures iii List of Tables vi Acknowledgments vii Abstract ix Chapter 1. Introduction 1 1.1. Setting the stage 1 1.2. Introducing the Ionians 4 1.3. Finding Late Bronze and Early Iron Age Ionia 12 Phokaia 14 Panaztepe-Menemen 16 Smyrna-Bayraklı 17 Limantepe/Klazomenai 19 Erythrai 23 Chios: Emporio and Kato Phana 24 Teos 26 Kolophon 26 Klaros 28 Metropolis-Bademgedi ǧi Tepe 29 Ephesos (Apaša) 31 Ku şadası-Kadıkalesi 33 Samos: Heraion and Pythagorio 33 Miletos 35 The Miletos-area: Assesos and Teichiussa 38 Cine-Tepecik 38 1.4. Outline of the study 39 Chapter 2. Tracing the Ionians in modern scholarship 43 2.1. Introduction 43 2.2. Dorians and Ionians: 1750-1870 43 2.3. The Ionians between 1870 and 1939 54 2.4. The Ionians and their migration become visible … or not? (1945-present) 60 2.5. The current debate in perspective 69 2.6. Final remarks 78 Chapter 3. Theoretical and methodological considerations 79 3.1. Introduction 79 3.2. Theory: some critical remarks 79 3.3.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliography
    Bibliography Many books were read and researched in the compilation of Binford, L. R, 1983, Working at Archaeology. Academic Press, The Encyclopedic Dictionary of Archaeology: New York. Binford, L. R, and Binford, S. R (eds.), 1968, New Perspectives in American Museum of Natural History, 1993, The First Humans. Archaeology. Aldine, Chicago. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Braidwood, R 1.,1960, Archaeologists and What They Do. Franklin American Museum of Natural History, 1993, People of the Stone Watts, New York. Age. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Branigan, Keith (ed.), 1982, The Atlas ofArchaeology. St. Martin's, American Museum of Natural History, 1994, New World and Pacific New York. Civilizations. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Bray, w., and Tump, D., 1972, Penguin Dictionary ofArchaeology. American Museum of Natural History, 1994, Old World Civiliza­ Penguin, New York. tions. HarperSanFrancisco, San Francisco. Brennan, L., 1973, Beginner's Guide to Archaeology. Stackpole Ashmore, w., and Sharer, R. J., 1988, Discovering Our Past: A Brief Books, Harrisburg, PA. Introduction to Archaeology. Mayfield, Mountain View, CA. Broderick, M., and Morton, A. A., 1924, A Concise Dictionary of Atkinson, R J. C., 1985, Field Archaeology, 2d ed. Hyperion, New Egyptian Archaeology. Ares Publishers, Chicago. York. Brothwell, D., 1963, Digging Up Bones: The Excavation, Treatment Bacon, E. (ed.), 1976, The Great Archaeologists. Bobbs-Merrill, and Study ofHuman Skeletal Remains. British Museum, London. New York. Brothwell, D., and Higgs, E. (eds.), 1969, Science in Archaeology, Bahn, P., 1993, Collins Dictionary of Archaeology. ABC-CLIO, 2d ed. Thames and Hudson, London. Santa Barbara, CA. Budge, E. A. Wallis, 1929, The Rosetta Stone. Dover, New York. Bahn, P.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 the Assyrian Empire, the Conquest of Israel, and the Colonization of Judah 37 I
    ISRAEL AND EMPIRE ii ISRAEL AND EMPIRE A Postcolonial History of Israel and Early Judaism Leo G. Perdue and Warren Carter Edited by Coleman A. Baker LONDON • NEW DELHI • NEW YORK • SYDNEY 1 Bloomsbury T&T Clark An imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc Imprint previously known as T&T Clark 50 Bedford Square 1385 Broadway London New York WC1B 3DP NY 10018 UK USA www.bloomsbury.com Bloomsbury, T&T Clark and the Diana logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published 2015 © Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker, 2015 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Leo G. Perdue, Warren Carter and Coleman A. Baker have asserted their rights under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identified as Authors of this work. No responsibility for loss caused to any individual or organization acting on or refraining from action as a result of the material in this publication can be accepted by Bloomsbury or the authors. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN: HB: 978-0-56705-409-8 PB: 978-0-56724-328-7 ePDF: 978-0-56728-051-0 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Typeset by Forthcoming Publications (www.forthpub.com) 1 Contents Abbreviations vii Preface ix Introduction: Empires, Colonies, and Postcolonial Interpretation 1 I.
    [Show full text]
  • The Maccabees (Hasmoneans)
    The Maccabees Page 1 The Maccabees (Hasmoneans) HASMONEANS hazʹme-nēʹenz [Gk Asamomaios; Heb ḥašmônay]. In the broader sense the term Hasmonean refers to the whole “Maccabean” family. According to Josephus (Ant. xii.6.1 [265]), Mattathias, the first of the family to revolt against Antiochus IV’s demands, was the great-grandson of Hashman. This name may have derived from the Heb ḥašmān, perhaps meaning “fruitfulness,” “wealthy.” Hashman was a priest of the family of Joarib (cf. 1 Macc. 2:1; 1 Ch. 24:7). The narrower sense of the term Hasmonean has reference to the time of Israel’s independence beginning with Simon, Mattathias’s last surviving son, who in 142 B.C. gained independence from the Syrian control, and ending with Simon’s great-grandson Hyrcanus II, who submitted to the Roman general Pompey in 63 B.C. Remnants of the Hasmoneans continued until A.D. 100. I. Revolt of the Maccabees The Hasmonean name does not occur in the books of Maccabees, but appears in Josephus several times (Ant. xi.4.8 [111]; xii.6.1 [265]; xiv.16.4 [490f]; xv.11.4 [403]; xvi.7.1 [187]; xvii.7.3 [162]; xx.8.11 [190]; 10.3 [238]; 10.5 [247, 249]; BJ i.7 [19]; 1.3 [36]; Vita 1 [2, 4]) and once in the Mishnah (Middoth i.6). These references include the whole Maccabean family beginning with Mattathias. In 166 B.C. Mattathias, the aged priest in Modein, refused to obey the order of Antiochus IV’s envoy to sacrifice to the heathen gods, and instead slew the envoy and a Jew who was about to comply.
    [Show full text]
  • (Collection SOLO 72), Éditions El-Viso, Paris 2019, 56 Pp
    ROCZNIK ORIENTALISTYCZNY, T. LXXIV, Z. 1, 2021, (s. 197–199) DOI 10.24425/ro.2021.137251 Recenzje / Reviews Hélène Le Meaux and Françoise Briquel Chatonnet, Le sarcophage d’Eshmunazor (Collection SOLO 72), Éditions El-Viso, Paris 2019, 56 pp. The anthropoid sarcophagus of Eshmunazor II, son of Tabnit I, kings of Sidon, was discovered in 1855 in the necropolis Magharat Ablūn, south-east of Saida (Sidon), and it is now in the Marengo crypt of the Louvre Museum. The booklet under review offers photographs and a study of the sarcophagus with its perfectly preserved Phoenician inscription. Its copy is presented according to the Corpus Inscriptionum Semiticarum I, pl. III; it is followed by a transliteration and a translation of this historically important text. The discovery of the anthropoid sarcophagus of Tabnit I in 1887 increased scholarly attention to Eshmunasor’s sarcophagus and its inscription, for it became clear that the death of the young king was unexpected and sudden. This explains why Tabnit was buried in a sarcophagus prepared for the Egyptian general Penptah, as indicated by the hieroglyphic epitaph, while his first and unique son Eshmunazor was born after Tabnit’s death. The most likely explanation is that Tabnit was killed or deadly wounded at the battle of Salamis in 480 B.C., where he commanded the Sidonian war ships belonging to Xerxes’ fleet. At first Xerxes was victorious everywhere, but his attack of the Greek fleet under unfavourable conditions at Salamis ended on September 28 in a disastrous defeat of the Persian fleet, composed largely of Phoenician war ships, the Sidonian fleet being the most important one.
    [Show full text]
  • Heshbon (Modern Hesbdn) Is Located in Transj Ordan
    THE HISTORY OF HESHBON FROM LITERARY SOURCES * WERNER VYHMEISTER River Plate College, Puiggari, Entre Rios, Argentina Heshbon (modern Hesbdn) is located in Transjordan, about 20 miles east of the Jordan where it enters the Dead Sea. The remains of the old city are covered now by two hills, 2,930 and 2,954 feet above sea level respectively. According to the latest available statistics (from 1961), the village of Hesbdn has 718 inhabitants. Heshbon in OT Times Heshbon appears for the first time in the Biblical record as the capital city of Sihon, the Amorite king defeated by Moses. However, the region in which Heshbon was located is mentioned much earlier in the Bible. In Gn 14:5, Chedor- laomer and his confederates appear as smiting successively the Rephaim in Ashteroth-karnaim, the Zuzim in Ham, and the Emim in Shaveh Kiriathaim (i.e., the plain of Kiria- thaim). Kiriathaim has been identified with el-Qerei ydt, about five miles northwest of Dhz'bdn. It appears together with Heshbon in Num 32:37 among the cities rebuilt by the This article is a condensation of a B.D. thesis covering the same subject, deposited in the James White Library of Andrews University. * "Heshbon," Encyclopaedia Biblica, eds. T. K. Cheyne and J. S. Black, I1 (London, I~OI),col. 2044. "mi Dajani, director of the Department of Antiquities of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan. Letter to the author, December 12, 1966. 8 Num 21 :21 ff. 4 Siegfried H. Horn et al., Seventh-day Adventist Bible Dictionary (Washington, D. C., 1960)~p.
    [Show full text]
  • Three Conquests of Canaan
    ÅA Wars in the Middle East are almost an every day part of Eero Junkkaala:of Three Canaan Conquests our lives, and undeniably the history of war in this area is very long indeed. This study examines three such wars, all of which were directed against the Land of Canaan. Two campaigns were conducted by Egyptian Pharaohs and one by the Israelites. The question considered being Eero Junkkaala whether or not these wars really took place. This study gives one methodological viewpoint to answer this ques- tion. The author studies the archaeology of all the geo- Three Conquests of Canaan graphical sites mentioned in the lists of Thutmosis III and A Comparative Study of Two Egyptian Military Campaigns and Shishak and compares them with the cities mentioned in Joshua 10-12 in the Light of Recent Archaeological Evidence the Conquest stories in the Book of Joshua. Altogether 116 sites were studied, and the com- parison between the texts and the archaeological results offered a possibility of establishing whether the cities mentioned, in the sources in question, were inhabited, and, furthermore, might have been destroyed during the time of the Pharaohs and the biblical settlement pe- riod. Despite the nature of the two written sources being so very different it was possible to make a comparative study. This study gives a fresh view on the fierce discus- sion concerning the emergence of the Israelites. It also challenges both Egyptological and biblical studies to use the written texts and the archaeological material togeth- er so that they are not so separated from each other, as is often the case.
    [Show full text]
  • THROUGH the BIBLE ISAIAH 15-19 in the Bible God Judges Individuals, and Families, and Churches, and Cities, and Even Nations…
    THROUGH THE BIBLE ISAIAH 15-19 ! In the Bible God judges individuals, and families, and churches, and cities, and even nations… I would assume He also judges businesses, and labor unions, and school systems, and civic groups, and athletic associations - all of life is God’s domain. Starting in Isaiah 13, God launches a series of judgments against the Gentile nations of his day. Making Isaiah’s list are Babylon, Assyria, Philistia, Moab, Ethiopia, Egypt, Edom, Tyre, and Syria. Tonight we’ll study God’s burden against the nations. ! Isaiah 15 begins, “The burden against Moab…” Three nations bordered Israel to the east - Moab, Edom, and Ammon. Today this area makes up the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan - a pro-Western monarchy with its capitol city of Amman - or Ammon. ! Today, it’s fashionable to research your roots - track down the family tree. Websites like Ancestry.com utilize the power of the Internet to uncover your genealogy. For some folks this is a fun and meaningful pastime. For me, I’ve always been a little leery… I suspect I’m from a long line of horse thieves and swindlers. I’m not sure I want to know my ancestry. This is probably how most Moabites felt regarding their progenitors… ! The Moabites were a people with some definite skeletons in the closest! Their family tree had root rot. Recently, I read of a Michigan woman who gave her baby up for adoption. Sixteen years later she tracked him down on FB… only to get romantically involved. She had sex with her son… Obviously this gal is one sick pup.
    [Show full text]
  • Seven Generations Since the Fall of Akkad
    Seven Generations Since the Fall of Akkad Edited by Harvey Weiss 2012 Harrassowitz Verlag · Wiesbaden ISSN 1869-845X ISBN 978-3-447-06823-9 Contents Preface . VII Harvey WEISS Quantifying Collapse: The Late Third Millennium Khabur Plains . 1 Augusta MCMAHON Post-Akkadian ceramic assemblages of the central Upper Khabur: What can pottery tell us about political and climate change? . 25 Carlo COLANTONI Touching the void. The Post-Akkadian Period viewed from Tell Brak . 45 Geoff EMBERLING, Helen MCDONALD, Jill WEBER, and Henry WRIGHT After Collapse: The Post-Akkadian Occupation in the Pisé Building, Tell Brak . 65 Valentina ORSI Tell Barri before Kahat. 89 Rafał KOLIŃSKI Generation Count at Tell Arbid, Sector P. 109 Christophe NICOLLE Pre-Khabur Occupations at Tell Mohammed Diyab (Syrian Jezirah) . 129 Peter PFÄLZNER Household Dynamics in Late Third Millennium Northern Mesopotamia . 145 Harvey WEISS, Sturt W. MANNING, Lauren RISTVET, Lucia MORI, Mark BESONEN, Andrew MCCARTHY, Philippe QUENET, Alexia SMITH, and Zainab BAHRANI Tell Leilan Akkadian Imperialization, Collapse and Short-Lived Reoccupation Defi ned by High-Resolution Radiocarbon Dating . 163 Philippe QUENET and Lauren RISTVET Late Third Millennium Ceramics from the Akkadian Administrative Building (AAB), Tell Leilan, Syria. 193 Andrew MCCARTHY The End of Empire: Akkadian and post-Akkadian glyptic in the Jezirah, the evidence from Tell Leilan in context . 217 Alexia SMITH Akkadian and post-Akkadian Plant Use at Tell Leilan . 225 Lauren RISTVET The Development of Underdevelopment? Imperialism, Economic Exploitation and Settlement Dynamics on the Khabur Plains, ca. 2300-2200 BC. 241 Monica ARRIVABENI Post-Akkadian Settlement Distribution in the Leilan Region Survey . 261 Clemens REICHEL, Tate PAULETTE, and Kathryn GROSSMAN Early Bronze Age Hamoukar: “Akkadian” – and Beyond? .
    [Show full text]
  • EDOM and COPPER Photo by Mohammad Najjar Mohammad by Photo Photo by Thomas E
    Edom& Copper The Emergence of Ancient Israel’s Rival Thomas E. L E v y a n d m ohammad Najjar Did King David do battle with the Edomites? The Bible says he did. It would be unlikely, however, if Edom was not yet a sufficiently complex society to organize and field an army, if Edom was just some nomadic Bedouin tribes roaming around looking for pastures and water for their sheep and goats. Until recently, many scholars took this position: In David’s time Edom was at most a simple pastoral society.1 This gave fuel to those scholars who insisted that ancient DUBY TAL / Israel (or rather, Judah) likewise did not ALBATROSS develop into a state until a century or more 24 BI B LICA L ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW • JULY/AUGUST 2006 JULY/AUGUST 2006 • BI B LICA L ARCHAEOLOGY REVIEW 25 EDOM AND COPPER PHOTO BY MOHAMMAD NAJJAR PHOTO BY THOMAS E. LEVY after David’s time. Ancient Israel, they argued, explore the role of early mining and metallurgy on r PILES OF RUBBLE (opposite) bestride the outline of a large e v was just like the situation east of the Jordan—no i square fortress and more than 100 smaller buildings at social evolution from the beginnings of agriculture R AMMON n complex societies in Ammon, Moab or Edom. a Khirbat en-Nahas in the Edomite lowlands of Jordan. The and sedentary village life from the Pre-pottery d r According to this school of thought, David was o Neolithic period (c. 8500 B.C.E.) to the Iron Age J massive black mounds are slag, a waste product of the Jerusalem not really a king, but a chieftain of a few simple SEA copper-smelting process, indicating that large-scale copper (1200–500 B.C.E.) in Jordan.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Dynamics of Human Empires
    Quantitative Dynamics of Human Empires Cesare Marchetti and Jesse H. Ausubel FOREWORD Humans are territorial animals, and most wars are squabbles over territory. become global. And, incidentally, once a month they have their top managers A basic territorial instinct is imprinted in the limbic brain—or our “snake meet somewhere to refresh the hierarchy, although the formal motives are brain” as it is sometimes dubbed. This basic instinct is central to our daily life. to coordinate business and exchange experiences. The political machinery is Only external constraints can limit the greedy desire to bring more territory more viscous, and we may have to wait a couple more generations to see a under control. With the encouragement of Andrew Marshall, we thought it global empire. might be instructive to dig into the mechanisms of territoriality and their role The fact that the growth of an empire follows a single logistic equation in human history and the future. for hundreds of years suggests that the whole process is under the control In this report, we analyze twenty extreme examples of territoriality, of automatic mechanisms, much more than the whims of Genghis Khan namely empires. The empires grow logistically with time constants of tens to or Napoleon. The intuitions of Menenius Agrippa in ancient Rome and of hundreds of years, following a single equation. We discovered that the size of Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan may, after all, be scientifically true. empires corresponds to a couple of weeks of travel from the capital to the rim We are grateful to Prof. Brunetto Chiarelli for encouraging publication using the fastest transportation system available.
    [Show full text]
  • Assyrian Dictionary
    oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO EDITORIAL BOARD IGNACE J. GELB, THORKILD JACOBSEN, BENNO LANDSBERGER, A. LEO OPPENHEIM 1956 PUBLISHED BY THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO 37, ILLINOIS, U.S.A. AND J. J. AUGUSTIN VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG, GLOCKSTADT, GERMANY oi.uchicago.edu INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER: 0-918986-11-7 (SET: 0-918986-05-2) LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 56-58292 ©1956 by THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO ALL RIGHTS RESERVED THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS Fifth Printing 1995 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA COMPOSITION BY J. J. AUGUSTIN, GLUCKSTADT oi.uchicago.edu THE ASSYRIAN DICTIONARY VOLUME 5 G A. LEO OPPENHEIM, EDITOR-IN-CHARGE WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF ERICA REINER AND MICHAEL B. ROWTON RICHARD T. HALLOCK, EDITORIAL SECRETARY oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Foreword The present volume of the CAD follows in general the pattern established in Vol. 6 (H). Only in minor points such as the organization of the semantic section, and especially in the lay-out of the printed text, have certain simplifications and improvements been introduced which are meant to facilitate the use of the book. On p. 149ff. additions and corrections to Vol. 6 are listed and it is planned to continue this practice in the subsequent volumes of the CAD in order to list new words and important new references, as well as to correct mistakes made in previous volumes. The Supplement Volume will collect and republish alphabetically all that material. The Provisional List of Bibliographical Abbreviations has likewise been brought a jour.
    [Show full text]